资源简介

大题预测02 阅读理解说明文+语法填空
（时间：40分钟 满分：60分）
一、阅读理解（30分）
A
（2026·浙江宁波市·二模）The ocean may appear boundless. It’s easy to imagine that fish and other ocean creatures swim freely without restriction. That assumption, however, is mistaken. According to ecologist Karissa Lear, many ocean species stick to specific habitats and seldom go beyond them. This habit can cause unexpectedly big problems, especially when human-built structures get in the way.
Take, for example, the green sawfish living near the mouth of the Ashburton River in Western Australia. In 2017, a large structure was built by the shore, stretching about 550 yards into the sea. As Lear had feared, the construction did harm the critically endangered green sawfish — they were unable to pass around the barrier. To Lear, this discovery supported a surprising new idea that ocean animals, much like land species, need a helping hand getting around human-built structures.
On land, wildlife crossings are becoming more common. Green bridges, for instance, help bears and elk avoid a road in Canada’s Banff National Park. In 2022, a wildlife crossing in Washington State was used more than 5,000 times by animals such as deer and coyotes. Although the bridges are already popular on land, Lear says little attention has been paid to the idea of wildlife crossings designed to help ocean animals get around safely.
For ocean animals, too many barriers can cut them off from important feeding sites. Overly limited movement can lead to the development of isolated groups that are more likely to go extinct. With more large structures planned for the Ashburton River area, Lear says the cumulative (累积的) effect of multiple barriers is a real concern for the green sawfish’s future.
As the climate continues to change, paying attention to the needs of ocean animals is important. Many are moving farther north, and they need suitable habitats to move through. To address this, we can create crossings through human-built structures or protect habitats along their migration routes. As we continue to engineer the ocean, such efforts could go a long way toward protecting ocean life.
1．How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph
A．By detailing research findings. B．By describing a natural scene.
C．By addressing public concerns. D．By challenging a common belief.
2．What effect did the structure near the Ashburton River have
A．It provided a new habitat for ocean life.
B．It blocked the path of the green sawfish.
C．It attracted more new species to the area.
D．It drove the green sawfish into deep waters.
3．What does Lear imply about wildlife crossings
A．They have reduced road accidents on land.
B．They will replace ocean barriers eventually.
C．They have destroyed land animals’ habitats.
D．They are urgently needed for ocean animals.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Wildlife Crossings: From Land to Sea B．When Ocean Life Is in Danger
C．The Sawfish That Lost Their Way Home D．Ocean Structures: No Harm Done
B
（2026·浙江绍兴·二模）When spring arrives, keeping warm becomes less of an issue. However, scientists remind us it is not just a seasonal necessity — heat is also a valuable energy resource that can be stored. Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology (KTU) have discovered an innovative solution beneath our feet: using soil as an efficient thermal energy(热能) storage system.
KTU professor Dr Tadas dankus and his team have been investigating how the ground can serve as a medium for heat storage. At the core of their research is a ground-based heat accumulator that would store left energy underground and make it available when demand peaks.
Initially, the team explored how to use wind energy to produce heat via a hydraulic system (液压系统). They found that so-called hydraulic losses, typically seen as inefficiencies, were actually generating usable heat.However, part of heat was lost before reaching buildings. The question became how to not only decrease heat loss but also store it.
To test this idea, the researchers conducted experiments using an artificial heat source placed in surface soil layers. They measured how heat spreads and persists in the ground. In one test, when the soil was heated to the boiling point, it caused a phase change (相变), in which liquid water becomes vapor.“Phase change can be an efficient way. We noticed a sharp temperature rise wherever the vapour flow reached. This means the energy is moving and can be controlled.” says Prof. dankus.
Once the possibility of underground heat storage was confirmed, researchers began exploring its practical applications. They developed a pilot model ground energy cell to study how heat spread through soil. The year-long measurements revealed the soil beneath buildings could passively store heat, making use of the natural downward flow of heat from buildings into the ground.
To put these ground-based storage systems into widespread use, researchers are now developing scaled-down pilot models and refining heat distribution control methods.“Our immediate goal is to integrate existing solutions into a system that can benefit both industry and residential sectors.” dankus concludes.
5．What is the main goal of the KTU research project
A．To reduce winter heating costs. B．To capture thermal energy from soil.
C．To store underground heat for later use. D．To promote hydraulic system efficiency.
6．What can be inferred from paragraphs 3-4
A．Phase change makes heat control possible. B．Hydraulic losses can be avoided by heat transfer.
C．Vapour flow contributes to big temperature drops. D．Heat production poses a great challenge to experts.
7．What are researchers doing for the practical use of the systems
A．Building large-scale industrial heating systems. B．Developing test models with improved control.
C．Applying the technology to residential sectors. D．Reducing the energy consumption of buildings.
8．Which of the following would be the suitable title for the text
A．From Wind to Warmth: an Unexpected Path
B．Future System: Uniting Industry and Home Heating
C．A New Discovery: Turning Hydraulic Loss into Gain
D．The Ground Beneath: A New Frontier in Heat Storage
C
（2026·江苏省苏北七市（徐、连、淮、宿、通、扬、泰）·二模）Aurora Nikula, 5, is having a normal day at her nursery. She is making a cake out of sand and mud, adding in make-believe carrots, potatoes and meat. Aki Sinkkonen, a scientist, is watching. He’s also very interested in Aurora’s cake, but for different reasons. “Perfect,” he says, admiring the way she is mixing soil, sand and leaves and then putting it on her face. “She’s really getting her hands in it.”
To a hygiene-conscious (注重卫生的) kindergarten, this could be a problem, but at Humpula daycare centre in Helsinki, children are encouraged to increase their contact with the microscopic (显微的) biodiversity. This kindergarten was included in a two-year study looking at how biodiversity enhancements affect the microbial composition of children’s skin and saliva.
The staff dug up and installed a giant live carpet of forest floor. The plants, dead wood and soil in the daycare centre were specially selected for their rich micro-biodiversity. Children grow carrots, potatoes and cucumbers, harvesting and cooking what they plant. When winter approaches, the crops fade — but the outdoor adventures do not.
A year later, it found that children who were in contact with nature had a lower probability of catching an illness resulting from disorders in the immune system. The results support the “old friends” hypothesis (假设) that humans evolved alongside microbes in air, plants and soil. The body can exchange useful microbes with the natural world to stay healthy. Without contact with these organisms — through soil, plants, and air — immune function can become overactive, leading to disease.
The kindergartens provide evidence of just how crucial healthy ecosystems are to human health. As biodiversity, habitats and wild species are lost around the planet, there is huge potential harm for human wellbeing. Increasing on site biodiversity can be a win-win for children’s health and the environment.
Based on that, the University of Sheffield has done research on installing green barriers around school playgrounds to prevent air pollution from harming children’s health. Hunter’s Bar infant school in Sheffield created a 70-metre-long fence of plants that wraps around the playground. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations in the playground were reduced by 13% six months after planting, and further decreases are expected as the fence matures.
9．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Guided hands-on practice. B．Kids’ exposure to dirt and mud.
C．Delicious homemade food for kids. D．The diversity of species in nurseries.
10．What did the staff at Humpula daycare centre do
A．Rewild their kindergarten. B．Grow a forest in the backyard.
C．Expand forest education among kids. D．Introduce kids to sustainable farming.
11．Why does nature contact reduce people’s chance of getting sick
A．It uplifts their mood. B．It enhances co-evolution.
C．It removes harmful microbes. D．It balances their immune system.
12．Why does the author mention the Sheffield study
A．To advocate for green schools.
B．To give direction for further research.
C．To promote healthy growth in school children.
D．To show an application of the research finding.
二、语法填空（30分）
A
（2026·陕西西安中学·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the northern tip of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 13 China meets Russia, Mongolia and Kazakhstan, lies Altay prefecture (阿勒泰地区), a region 14 (bless) with dramatic landscapes and rich culture. 15 (rough) the size of Cuba, it stretches from snowy mountaintops over 4,000 meters high to lowlands just 246 meters above sea level. A short coach trip can take you from glaciers to desert, even past herds of wild animals.
During my recent trip, I couldn’t take my eyes off the view. As the coach 16 (wind) through valleys, silver peaks shone in the distance while the green of birch forests filled the foreground. It looked like the Alps, 17 this wasn’t Europe. A blue river rushed beside us, matching our speed, its power reminding me how rarely I feel nature’s strength in the city.
Across the hills stand yurts (圆顶帐篷) of Kazakh herders, their animals 18 (wander) freely. The night before, I experienced throat singing for the first time — a sound that seemed very 19 (fascinate).
As we descended, the green grasslands slowly gave way to bright yellow desert. The 20 (vast) felt like stepping into a fantasy game, except that this was real. When the other passengers awoke, unaware of what they had missed, I sat amazed, lost 21 words to describe the scene I had just witnessed. If only I 22 (bring) my camera with me!
B
（2026·四川成都市·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ahead of this month’s springtime festival of Basant, people crammed shoulder to shoulder into the streets in Lahore’s Old City, looking for kites and the string 23 (need) to fly them.
This is not the scene that shoppers here remember from Basant in the past. The kite festival was legally held this month in Lahore for the first time since 2007, 24 a provincial ban on Basant took effect.
Basant’s return for three days in early February saw a more regulated version of the traditional spring festival — with strict rules for kite sellers, banned items for buyers 25 a set window for when kites were allowed in the sky.
There was a reason for these restrictions: Kite flying in the province 26 (become) dangerous before earlier kite flying regulations were put in place in 2005. For many in Lahore, kite flying isn’t a form of 27 (relax). It’s a competitive sport. Over time, this competition gave rise to the use of stronger, synthetic kite string.
Saleem-ud-Din, 28 kite maker in Lahore, says the increased use of this string changed things. “It became unsafe,” he says, 29 (add) that he and other craftsmen didn’t approve. “We say whatever bad thing people are using, get rid of it.”
The provincial government banned the string to make kite-flying 30 (safe). One major task for Basant was making sure those varieties 31 (transport) legally into the city from other parts of Pakistan, where production is less regulated.
Now that Basant is officially over, according to Punjabi law, kite flying is back to being prohibited. It’s 32 (clear) whether Basant will return to Lahore or other parts of Punjab next year.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)大题预测02 阅读理解说明文+语法填空
（时间：40分钟 满分：60分）
一、阅读理解（30分）
A
（2026·浙江宁波市·二模）The ocean may appear boundless. It’s easy to imagine that fish and other ocean creatures swim freely without restriction. That assumption, however, is mistaken. According to ecologist Karissa Lear, many ocean species stick to specific habitats and seldom go beyond them. This habit can cause unexpectedly big problems, especially when human-built structures get in the way.
Take, for example, the green sawfish living near the mouth of the Ashburton River in Western Australia. In 2017, a large structure was built by the shore, stretching about 550 yards into the sea. As Lear had feared, the construction did harm the critically endangered green sawfish — they were unable to pass around the barrier. To Lear, this discovery supported a surprising new idea that ocean animals, much like land species, need a helping hand getting around human-built structures.
On land, wildlife crossings are becoming more common. Green bridges, for instance, help bears and elk avoid a road in Canada’s Banff National Park. In 2022, a wildlife crossing in Washington State was used more than 5,000 times by animals such as deer and coyotes. Although the bridges are already popular on land, Lear says little attention has been paid to the idea of wildlife crossings designed to help ocean animals get around safely.
For ocean animals, too many barriers can cut them off from important feeding sites. Overly limited movement can lead to the development of isolated groups that are more likely to go extinct. With more large structures planned for the Ashburton River area, Lear says the cumulative (累积的) effect of multiple barriers is a real concern for the green sawfish’s future.
As the climate continues to change, paying attention to the needs of ocean animals is important. Many are moving farther north, and they need suitable habitats to move through. To address this, we can create crossings through human-built structures or protect habitats along their migration routes. As we continue to engineer the ocean, such efforts could go a long way toward protecting ocean life.
1．How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph
A．By detailing research findings. B．By describing a natural scene.
C．By addressing public concerns. D．By challenging a common belief.
2．What effect did the structure near the Ashburton River have
A．It provided a new habitat for ocean life.
B．It blocked the path of the green sawfish.
C．It attracted more new species to the area.
D．It drove the green sawfish into deep waters.
3．What does Lear imply about wildlife crossings
A．They have reduced road accidents on land.
B．They will replace ocean barriers eventually.
C．They have destroyed land animals’ habitats.
D．They are urgently needed for ocean animals.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Wildlife Crossings: From Land to Sea B．When Ocean Life Is in Danger
C．The Sawfish That Lost Their Way Home D．Ocean Structures: No Harm Done
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋动物因人类建造的结构面临生存障碍，呼吁建立海洋动物通道以保护其生存。
1．推理判断题。 根据第一段中“The ocean may appear boundless. It’s easy to imagine that fish and other ocean creatures swim freely without restriction. That assumption, however, is mistaken.(海洋似乎无边无际。人们很容易想象鱼类和其他海洋生物可以不受限制地自由游动。然而，这种假设是错误的)”可知，作者通过挑战一个普遍的观念来引出问题。故选D。
2．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“As Lear had feared, the construction did harm the critically endangered green sawfish — they were unable to pass around the barrier.(正如Lear所担心的那样，这项工程确实对极度濒危的绿锯鳐造成了伤害——它们无法绕过障碍物)”可知，阿什伯顿河附近的结构阻挡了绿锯鳐的路径。故选B。
3．推理判断题。 根据第三段中“Although the bridges are already popular on land, Lear says little attention has been paid to the idea of wildlife crossings designed to help ocean animals get around safely.(尽管这种桥梁在陆地上已经很受欢迎，但Lear表示，专门为帮助海洋动物安全通行而设计的野生动物通道却很少受到关注)”以及第四段中“With more large structures planned for the Ashburton River area, Lear says the cumulative (累积的) effect of multiple barriers is a real concern for the green sawfish’s future.(随着阿什伯顿河地区计划建造更多的大型建筑，Lear表示，多重障碍的累积效应确实令人担忧绿锯鳐的未来)”可推知，Lear暗示海洋动物迫切需要野生动物通道。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。 根据第三段中“On land, wildlife crossings are becoming more common.(在陆地上，野生动物通道越来越普遍)”、最后一段中“To address this, we can create crossings through human-built structures or protect habitats along their migration routes.(为了解决这个问题，我们可以在人类建造的结构中建立通道，或者保护它们迁徙路线上的栖息地)”以及结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了海洋动物因人类建造的结构面临生存障碍，呼吁建立海洋动物通道以保护其生存。由此可知，A选项“野生动物通道：从陆地到海洋”最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
B
（2026·浙江绍兴·二模）When spring arrives, keeping warm becomes less of an issue. However, scientists remind us it is not just a seasonal necessity — heat is also a valuable energy resource that can be stored. Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology (KTU) have discovered an innovative solution beneath our feet: using soil as an efficient thermal energy(热能) storage system.
KTU professor Dr Tadas dankus and his team have been investigating how the ground can serve as a medium for heat storage. At the core of their research is a ground-based heat accumulator that would store left energy underground and make it available when demand peaks.
Initially, the team explored how to use wind energy to produce heat via a hydraulic system (液压系统). They found that so-called hydraulic losses, typically seen as inefficiencies, were actually generating usable heat.However, part of heat was lost before reaching buildings. The question became how to not only decrease heat loss but also store it.
To test this idea, the researchers conducted experiments using an artificial heat source placed in surface soil layers. They measured how heat spreads and persists in the ground. In one test, when the soil was heated to the boiling point, it caused a phase change (相变), in which liquid water becomes vapor.“Phase change can be an efficient way. We noticed a sharp temperature rise wherever the vapour flow reached. This means the energy is moving and can be controlled.” says Prof. dankus.
Once the possibility of underground heat storage was confirmed, researchers began exploring its practical applications. They developed a pilot model ground energy cell to study how heat spread through soil. The year-long measurements revealed the soil beneath buildings could passively store heat, making use of the natural downward flow of heat from buildings into the ground.
To put these ground-based storage systems into widespread use, researchers are now developing scaled-down pilot models and refining heat distribution control methods.“Our immediate goal is to integrate existing solutions into a system that can benefit both industry and residential sectors.” dankus concludes.
5．What is the main goal of the KTU research project
A．To reduce winter heating costs. B．To capture thermal energy from soil.
C．To store underground heat for later use. D．To promote hydraulic system efficiency.
6．What can be inferred from paragraphs 3-4
A．Phase change makes heat control possible. B．Hydraulic losses can be avoided by heat transfer.
C．Vapour flow contributes to big temperature drops. D．Heat production poses a great challenge to experts.
7．What are researchers doing for the practical use of the systems
A．Building large-scale industrial heating systems. B．Developing test models with improved control.
C．Applying the technology to residential sectors. D．Reducing the energy consumption of buildings.
8．Which of the following would be the suitable title for the text
A．From Wind to Warmth: an Unexpected Path
B．Future System: Uniting Industry and Home Heating
C．A New Discovery: Turning Hydraulic Loss into Gain
D．The Ground Beneath: A New Frontier in Heat Storage
【答案】5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了考纳斯理工大学 (KTU)的研究人员发现可以利用土壤作为高效的热能储存系统，介绍了该研究的背景、过程、实际应用以及未来的发展方向。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“At the core of their research is a ground-based heat accumulator that would store left energy underground and make it available when demand peaks. (他们研究的核心是一个基于地面的热蓄能器，它可以将剩余的能量储存在地下，并在需求高峰时提供能量。)”可知，KTU研究项目的主要目标是将地下的热量储存起来以备后用。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“In one test, when the soil was heated to the boiling point, it caused a phase change (相变), in which liquid water becomes vapor. “Phase change can be an efficient way. We noticed a sharp temperature rise wherever the vapour flow reached. This means the energy is moving and can be controlled.” says Prof. dankus. (在一次测试中，当土壤被加热到沸点时，会引起相变，即液态水变成蒸汽。“相变可以是一种有效的方式。我们注意到，蒸汽流到达的任何地方，温度都会急剧上升。这意味着能量在移动，是可以控制的。” dankus教授说。)”可知，相变使热量控制成为可能。故选A项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“To put these ground-based storage systems into widespread use, researchers are now developing scaled-down pilot models and refining heat distribution control methods. (为了使这些基于地面的存储系统得到广泛应用，研究人员目前正在开发缩小的试点模型，并改进热量分配控制方法。)”可知，研究人员正在开发具有改进控制的测试模型，以实现该系统的实际应用。故选B项。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology (KTU) have discovered an innovative solution beneath our feet: using soil as an efficient thermal energy (热能) storage system. (考纳斯理工大学 (KTU)的研究人员在我们脚下发现了一个创新的解决方案：利用土壤作为高效的热能储存系统。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员发现可以利用土壤作为高效的热能储存系统，所以“脚下的土地：热能储存的新前沿”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
C
（2026·江苏省苏北七市（徐、连、淮、宿、通、扬、泰）·二模）Aurora Nikula, 5, is having a normal day at her nursery. She is making a cake out of sand and mud, adding in make-believe carrots, potatoes and meat. Aki Sinkkonen, a scientist, is watching. He’s also very interested in Aurora’s cake, but for different reasons. “Perfect,” he says, admiring the way she is mixing soil, sand and leaves and then putting it on her face. “She’s really getting her hands in it.”
To a hygiene-conscious (注重卫生的) kindergarten, this could be a problem, but at Humpula daycare centre in Helsinki, children are encouraged to increase their contact with the microscopic (显微的) biodiversity. This kindergarten was included in a two-year study looking at how biodiversity enhancements affect the microbial composition of children’s skin and saliva.
The staff dug up and installed a giant live carpet of forest floor. The plants, dead wood and soil in the daycare centre were specially selected for their rich micro-biodiversity. Children grow carrots, potatoes and cucumbers, harvesting and cooking what they plant. When winter approaches, the crops fade — but the outdoor adventures do not.
A year later, it found that children who were in contact with nature had a lower probability of catching an illness resulting from disorders in the immune system. The results support the “old friends” hypothesis (假设) that humans evolved alongside microbes in air, plants and soil. The body can exchange useful microbes with the natural world to stay healthy. Without contact with these organisms — through soil, plants, and air — immune function can become overactive, leading to disease.
The kindergartens provide evidence of just how crucial healthy ecosystems are to human health. As biodiversity, habitats and wild species are lost around the planet, there is huge potential harm for human wellbeing. Increasing on site biodiversity can be a win-win for children’s health and the environment.
Based on that, the University of Sheffield has done research on installing green barriers around school playgrounds to prevent air pollution from harming children’s health. Hunter’s Bar infant school in Sheffield created a 70-metre-long fence of plants that wraps around the playground. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations in the playground were reduced by 13% six months after planting, and further decreases are expected as the fence matures.
9．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Guided hands-on practice. B．Kids’ exposure to dirt and mud.
C．Delicious homemade food for kids. D．The diversity of species in nurseries.
10．What did the staff at Humpula daycare centre do
A．Rewild their kindergarten. B．Grow a forest in the backyard.
C．Expand forest education among kids. D．Introduce kids to sustainable farming.
11．Why does nature contact reduce people’s chance of getting sick
A．It uplifts their mood. B．It enhances co-evolution.
C．It removes harmful microbes. D．It balances their immune system.
12．Why does the author mention the Sheffield study
A．To advocate for green schools.
B．To give direction for further research.
C．To promote healthy growth in school children.
D．To show an application of the research finding.
【答案】9．B 10．A 11．D 12．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了赫尔辛基一所幼儿园让孩子接触泥土与自然生物多样性的实践，研究表明这能平衡免疫系统、保护健康，并延伸应用到校园绿色防护设施。
9．词句猜测题。根据第一段“She is making a cake out of sand and mud, adding in make-believe carrots, potatoes and meat.(她正在用沙子和泥做蛋糕，里面加上假装的胡萝卜、土豆和肉。)”和第二段“To a hygiene-conscious (注重卫生的) kindergarten, this could be a problem, but at Humpula daycare centre in Helsinki, children are encouraged to increase their contact with the microscopic (显微的) biodiversity.(在注重卫生的幼儿园里，这可能是个问题，但在赫尔辛基的洪普拉日托中心，却鼓励孩子们增加与微生物多样性的接触。)”可知，this指代孩子们接触泥土、泥沙的行为。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段“The staff dug up and installed a giant live carpet of forest floor. The plants, dead wood and soil in the daycare centre were specially selected for their rich micro-biodiversity.(工作人员铺设了一大片鲜活的森林地表层。日托中心里的植物、枯木和土壤都因丰富的微生物多样性而被精心挑选。)”可知，工作人员对幼儿园进行了自然野化改造。故选A项。
11．细节理解题。根据第四段“Without contact with these organisms — through soil, plants, and air — immune function can become overactive, leading to disease.(如果不通过土壤、植物和空气接触这些微生物，免疫功能就会变得过于活跃，从而引发疾病。)”可知，接触自然可以平衡免疫系统，降低患病几率。故选D项。
12．推理判断题。根据第五段“The kindergartens provide evidence of just how crucial healthy ecosystems are to human health. As biodiversity, habitats and wild species are lost around the planet, there is huge potential harm for human wellbeing. Increasing on site biodiversity can be a win-win for children’s health and the environment.(这些幼儿园恰恰证明了健康的生态系统对人类健康至关重要。随着全球生物多样性、栖息地和野生物种不断消失，人类福祉面临巨大潜在威胁。提升校园内的生物多样性，对儿童健康和环境而言是双赢之举。)”和第六段“Based on that, the University of Sheffield has done research on installing green barriers around school playgrounds to prevent air pollution from harming children’s health.(基于这一研究结果，谢菲尔德大学开展了在学校操场周围安装绿色屏障以防止空气污染危害儿童健康的研究。)”可知，作者提及谢菲尔德的研究是为了展示前文研究成果的实际应用。故选D项。
二、语法填空（30分）
A
（2026·陕西西安中学·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the northern tip of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 13 China meets Russia, Mongolia and Kazakhstan, lies Altay prefecture (阿勒泰地区), a region 14 (bless) with dramatic landscapes and rich culture. 15 (rough) the size of Cuba, it stretches from snowy mountaintops over 4,000 meters high to lowlands just 246 meters above sea level. A short coach trip can take you from glaciers to desert, even past herds of wild animals.
During my recent trip, I couldn’t take my eyes off the view. As the coach 16 (wind) through valleys, silver peaks shone in the distance while the green of birch forests filled the foreground. It looked like the Alps, 17 this wasn’t Europe. A blue river rushed beside us, matching our speed, its power reminding me how rarely I feel nature’s strength in the city.
Across the hills stand yurts (圆顶帐篷) of Kazakh herders, their animals 18 (wander) freely. The night before, I experienced throat singing for the first time — a sound that seemed very 19 (fascinate).
As we descended, the green grasslands slowly gave way to bright yellow desert. The 20 (vast) felt like stepping into a fantasy game, except that this was real. When the other passengers awoke, unaware of what they had missed, I sat amazed, lost 21 words to describe the scene I had just witnessed. If only I 22 (bring) my camera with me!
【答案】
13．where 14．blessed 15．Roughly 16．wound 17．but 18．wandering 19．fascinating 20．vastness 21．for 22．had brought
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在新疆阿勒泰地区旅行时，被当地壮丽的自然风光和丰富的文化所吸引，描述了沿途的所见所感。
13．考查定语从句。句意：在新疆维吾尔自治区的最北端，中国与俄罗斯、蒙古和哈萨克斯坦接壤的地方，是阿勒泰地区，一个拥有壮丽风景和丰富文化的地区。“____ China meets Russia, Mongolia and Kazakhstan”是定语从句，修饰先行词the northern tip of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，关系词将其代入定语从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：在新疆维吾尔自治区的最北端，中国与俄罗斯、蒙古和哈萨克斯坦接壤的地方，是阿勒泰地区，一个拥有壮丽风景和丰富文化的地区。“(bless) with dramatic landscapes and rich culture”作后置定语，bless(将……赐予，使有幸得到)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语a region之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填blessed。
15．考查副词。句意：它大致相当于古巴的大小，从4000多米高的雪山山顶延伸到海拔仅246米的低地。提示词修饰整个句子，应用副词roughly作状语，意为“大致，大约”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Roughly。
16．考查时态。句意：当长途汽车蜿蜒穿过山谷时，远处的银色山峰闪闪发光，而桦树林的绿色则填满了前景。wind(蜿蜒而行)是谓语动词，与主语the coach之间是主动关系，描述旅行途中发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填wound。
17．考查连词。句意：它看起来像阿尔卑斯山，但这里不是欧洲。结合句意可知，前后文之间是转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。
18．考查非谓语动词。句意：山丘上矗立着哈萨克牧民的圆顶帐篷，他们的动物自由自在地漫步。“their animals ____ (wander) freely”是独立主格结构，作伴随状语，wander(漫步)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语their animals之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填wandering。
19．考查形容词。句意：前一天晚上，我第一次体验了呼麦——一种听起来非常迷人的声音。提示词作表语，用形容词fascinating，意为“迷人的”。故填fascinating。
20．考查名词。句意：这种辽阔感就像踏入了一个奇幻游戏，只不过这是真实的。提示词作主语，用名词vastness，意为“辽阔，广阔”，不可数名词。故填vastness。
21．考查介词。句意：当其他乘客醒来，不知道他们错过了什么时，我坐在那里，惊讶得无法用语言来形容我刚刚目睹的场景。(be) lost for words为固定短语，意为“如此震惊、惊讶、充满钦佩等，以至于无法说话”。故填for。
22．考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我带了相机就好了!“If only...!”是固定句型，意为“要是……就好了!”，句子是对过去情况的虚拟，应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”形式。故填had brought。
B
（2026·四川成都市·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ahead of this month’s springtime festival of Basant, people crammed shoulder to shoulder into the streets in Lahore’s Old City, looking for kites and the string 23 (need) to fly them.
This is not the scene that shoppers here remember from Basant in the past. The kite festival was legally held this month in Lahore for the first time since 2007, 24 a provincial ban on Basant took effect.
Basant’s return for three days in early February saw a more regulated version of the traditional spring festival — with strict rules for kite sellers, banned items for buyers 25 a set window for when kites were allowed in the sky.
There was a reason for these restrictions: Kite flying in the province 26 (become) dangerous before earlier kite flying regulations were put in place in 2005. For many in Lahore, kite flying isn’t a form of 27 (relax). It’s a competitive sport. Over time, this competition gave rise to the use of stronger, synthetic kite string.
Saleem-ud-Din, 28 kite maker in Lahore, says the increased use of this string changed things. “It became unsafe,” he says, 29 (add) that he and other craftsmen didn’t approve. “We say whatever bad thing people are using, get rid of it.”
The provincial government banned the string to make kite-flying 30 (safe). One major task for Basant was making sure those varieties 31 (transport) legally into the city from other parts of Pakistan, where production is less regulated.
Now that Basant is officially over, according to Punjabi law, kite flying is back to being prohibited. It’s 32 (clear) whether Basant will return to Lahore or other parts of Punjab next year.
【答案】
23．needed 24．when 25．and 26．had become 27．relaxation 28．a 29．adding 30．safer 31．were transported 32．unclear
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴基斯坦拉合尔市传统风筝节Basant在2007年被禁止后首次合法举办，以及举办期间的规定、过去被禁止的原因及未来的不确定性。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：在本月的春季节日Basant到来之前，人们在拉合尔老城区的街道上摩肩接踵，寻找风筝和放风筝所需的线。空处作后置定语修饰the string，the string与need之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词needed。故填needed。
24．考查定语从句。句意：这不是这里的购物者记得的过去Basant的场景。本月，风筝节自2007年该省实施Basant禁令以来，首次在拉合尔合法举办。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是2007，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when。故填when。
25．考查连词。句意：2月初，Basant回归，为期三天，呈现出一个更规范的传统春季节日版本——对风筝销售商有严格规定，对购买者有禁止物品，还有一个允许风筝上天的固定时间段。空处连接三个并列的内容“strict rules for kite sellers”“banned items for buyers”和“a set window for when kites were allowed in the sky”，所以用连词and。故填and。
26．考查动词时态。句意：这些限制是有原因的：在2005年实施早期放风筝规定之前，该省的放风筝活动已经变得很危险。根据时间状语“before earlier kite flying regulations were put in place in 2005”可知，“变得危险”这一动作发生在“实施规定”之前，即过去的过去，要用过去完成时。故填had become。
27．考查名词。句意：对拉合尔的许多人来说，放风筝不是一种放松的形式。空处前有介词of，应填名词，relax的名词形式是relaxation，且为不可数名词。故填relaxation。
28．考查冠词。句意：拉合尔的一位风筝制作者Saleem-ud-Din说，这种线的使用增加改变了一切。空处修饰单数名词kite maker，泛指“一位风筝制作者”，且kite是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：“它变得不安全了，”他补充说，他和其他工匠并不赞成。句中已有谓语动词says，此处需用非谓语动词作伴随状语，he与add之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填adding。
30．考查形容词比较级。句意：省政府禁止了这种线，以使放风筝更安全。结合语境，禁止危险的线是为了让放风筝比之前更安全，此处暗含比较关系，所以用safe的比较级safer。故填safer。
31．考查动词时态和语态。句意：Basant的一项主要任务是确保这些种类的线是从巴基斯坦其他监管较少的地区合法运输到该市的。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合主句时态was可知，从句用一般过去时，且those varieties与transport之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were transported。
32．考查形容词。句意：目前还不清楚明年Basant是否会回到拉合尔或旁遮普省的其他地区。空处作表语，结合句意“是否会回归还不确定”，可知此处应填clear的否定形式unclear。故填unclear。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

展开更多......

收起↑