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清单01 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(一)
专题01 动词的时态
一、一般体
1.一般现在时
(1)表示科学事实、客观真理或自然现象(在过去的语境中也用一般现在时)。
(2)表示现在经常性的、习惯性的、反复的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有always，usually，often，sometimes，every day等。
(3)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come, go, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, close, open, end, stop, return, take off等。
The party begins at 7 o’clock. 聚会再七点钟开始。
(4)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
If I have enough time, I’ll travel around the world. 如果有足够的时间，我将进行环球旅行。
1.(2025年1月·浙江高考)The concept _______(be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies.
【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个概念当然并不新鲜——几十年来，男性一直在租赁优质西装——但对于女性购物者来说，它才刚刚兴起。系动词be作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The concept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。
2.(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world,70._______(mean)there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【答案】means
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。该句主语development为单数,故谓语动词用单数形式,由句中的is可知,该句陈述的是当前情况,用一般现在时。
2.一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去的时间状语yesterday，last year，three years ago，the other day等时间状语连用。如果在一段语段中, 根据上下文或主从句提示。
I didn’t pass the exam，which made my parents very angry.我没有通过考试，这让我父母很生气。
(2)时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时。
He said he would tell her the news as soon as he met her.他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。
1.(2025天津高考第二次)The Song Dynasty _______ the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the world’s first paper money.
A. has seen B. had seen C. sees D. saw
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：宋朝见证了交子的出现，交子据说是世界上第一种纸币。see(见证)作主句谓语，结合“The Song Dynasty”可知，这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故选D项。
2.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As a little girl, I _______(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
【答案】wished
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。
3.一般将来时
shall/will+动词原形 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。其中will+动词原形也表示说话时临时作出的决定
be going to+动词原形 表示按计划、打算要做某事或某种迹象预示着要发生某事。
be to+动词原形 表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作
be about to+动词原形 表示正要或即将做某事，不与具体的时间状语连用
I am to meet Mr Brown at eleven o’clock this morning.今天上午 11点我要去见布朗先生。
Work is about to start on a new factory building.新厂房即将动工。
注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。
If you will give her another chance, she will surprise you. 如果你再给她一次机会，她会给你惊喜。
(2023年上海6月秋季高考英语真题)—Can you imagine_______ in 2035
— I’m sure it will be better.
A. what our life was B. what will our life be like
C. what was our life D. what our life will be like
【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。句意：--你能想象2035年我们的生活会是什么样子吗？--我相信会更好。这是一个宾语从句，从句中用陈述语序，排除B项；由“in 2035”可知，句子表示将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时，排除A、C项。故选D项。
二、进行体
1.现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
(2)come, go, leave, do, send, take off, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。
We are going hiking this Sunday. 这周日我们要去远足。
(3)与always, often, all the time, constantly, continuously, forever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。
He is always getting angry with me. 他总是对我生气。
(2011年浙江高考)Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _______. We must act immediately before there’s none left.
A. have run out B. have been run out C. are running out D. are being run out
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：在洪灾区供应的食物快用完了，在用完之前我们必须立刻采取措施。are running out表示将要用完，run out不能用被动形式。故排除B、D；选项A表示已经用完，不符合语意，故选C。
2.过去进行时
(1)表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作。
(2)表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when，while引导的时间状语从句连用。
The teacher came in while the boy was reading a novel.那个男孩正在读小说时老师进来了。
(3)一些非延续性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常见动词有go，come，leave，start，arrive。
She asked him whether he was coming back for supper.她问他是否要回来吃晚饭。
(2015重庆高考)She told me that she _______ her homework when I called her.
A. was doing B. is doing C. does D. did
【答案】A
【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。句意：她告诉我我打电话时她正在做作业。主句为一般过去时，从句动作“做作业”在“打电话”时正在进行，用过去进行时，故选A。
3.将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。
Don’t phone me between 5 and 6.We’ll be having dinner then.不要在五点至六点之间给我打电话，那时我们在吃晚饭。
(2023天津高考第一次)Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you _______ a group for a birthday party.
A. will be bringing B. have brought
C. have been bringing D. were bringing
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你提前告诉一些餐馆你将带一个团队来参加生日派对，他们会很乐意提供一个免费的蛋糕。根据“in advance”可知，此处表示将来的动作，所以应用将来进行时。故选A。
完成体
1.现在完成时
1.表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。
He has already obtained a scholarship. 他已经获得了奖学金。
2.表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，常与之连用的时间状语有lately，recently，until now，ever since，in the last(past) few days/years，up to now，so far等。
The film has been on for half an hour. 电影已经开始半个小时了。
3.下列句型中常用现在完成时。
This/That/It is the first/second/...time that+现在完成时
This/That/It is the best/finest/most interesting/...+名词+that+现在完成时
It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film. 这是我第三次看这部电影。
It is the most interesting novel that I have ever read.这是我所读过的最有趣的小说。
1.(2025天津高考第一次)Although it has been proved that Benjamin Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist _______ what really happened.
A. has questioned B. have questioned C. was questioning D. were questioning
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管富兰克林做实验一事已被证实，但不止一位科学家对当时究竟发生了什么提出了质疑。陈述过去动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语为“more than one+名词”，谓语动词为单数形式。故选A。
2.(2023天津高考第一次)Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, _______ a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades.
A. has caused B. have caused
C. was causing D. were causing
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类对动物王国的影响，如狩猎和破坏栖息地，在过去的30年里导致了某些物种的数量的减少。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in the past three decades可知应用现在完成时，主语Human impact，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。
2.过去完成时
1. 表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。常见的时间状语有by+过去时间点，by the end of+过去时间点，by the time+从句，until/before/since+过去时间点或从句。
I had put away my cellphone before my father came back.在我爸爸回来之前我已经把我的手机收起来了。
(2)在hardly/scarcely... when, no sooner... than, It was the first/second... time (that)... 等句型中。
We had hardly/scarcely left the house when it began to rain. =No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain. =It was the third time he had been out of work that year. 我们一离开房子就开始下雨了。
(3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hope, want, plan, think, suppose等。
They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本打算帮忙的，但是没能及时到达那里。
(2025天津高考第一次)The reading materials _______ before the training began, so that everyone had a copy.
A. have printed B. had printed C. have been printed D. had been printed
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这些阅读材料在培训开始前就已经印好了，因此每个人都能拿到一份。“打印阅读材料”发生在“培训开始”之前，“began”是过去式，过去的过去需用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。
其他
1.现在完成进行时
(1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。
I have been cleaning the house all the afternoon. 我整个下午都在打扫这个房子。
(2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。
I have been telephoning him several times this morning.
(2024天津高考第一次)The Smiths _______ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two years ago.
A. had been missing B. were missing
C. have been missing D. will be missing
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从两年前搬回新西兰以来，史密斯一家一直很怀念在中国的网购体验。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。结合选项可知，A选项为过去完成进行时；B选项为过去进行时；C选项为现在完成进行时；D选项为将来进行时。故选C。
2.过去将来时
1.表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。
She said she would retire the next year.她说她明年就退休了。
2.三种表示过去将来时的特殊结构：was/were going to+动词原形；was/were to+动词原形；was/were about to+动词原形。
was/were going to+动词原形表示过去打算或计划将要做某事。
He told me he was going to get married the next week.他告诉我他打算下周结婚。
was/were about to+动词原形表示过去即将要发生的动作。常构成句型was/were about to do...when...
She was about to say something more，and then checked herself.她还想说几句，接着又克制住了自己。
Look at the setting sun! We _______ late for the train if we didn’t hurry up.
A. were B. were going to be C. were about to be D. were to be
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态。句意：看那日落！如果我们不快点，就赶不上火车了。根据迹象“看落日”进行的推测，表示“我们很有可能要迟到”用were going to be。故选B。
附录：
1. 与一般过去时连用的常用时间状语
①yesterday、the day before yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening……
②last Friday、last week、last month、last summer、last year……
③ten minutes ago、five hours ago、two weeks ago、three years ago……
④the other day、just now……
⑤in+过去时间---in 1976、in 2016、in the 19th century……
⑥隐形时间要注意：previously先前的
2.与现在完成时连用的常用时间状语
①before、already、just、never、ever、yet、lately、recently……
②how long、since+过去时间点、for+一段时间……
③in the past five days，over the last few years…
④so far, up to/till now, to date
⑤It is the first time that…; the best/most +名词+that…
3.与一般现在时连用的常用时间状语
now, today, nowadays, every year, usually等
3.与一般将来时连用的常用时间状语
next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow等
4.与进行时连用的常用时间状语
now, at present, at this moment等
5.与过去完成时连用的常用时间状语
by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after引导的从句等
二、 常考动词的时态的相关句式(带★号为常考句式)
①★was/were doing... when...+一般过去时
②was/were about to do... when...+一般过去时
③★it is the+序数词+time+that...+现在完成时
④★it was the+序数词+time+that...+过去完成时
⑤No sooner had+主语+done... than+一般过去时
⑥Hardly/Scarcely had+主语+done... when+一般过去时
⑦It will be+时间段+before+一般现在时
⑧It is/has been+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已……”，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。
⑨祈使句+and/or+陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。
⑩It is (high/about) time that sb...，that后面的句子要用一般过去时或should+动词原形。
一、根据明确的时间状语判断动词的时态 根据句子中出现的时间状语来确定句子的时态。 2. 固定句型判断法 根据固定句型来确定句子的时态。 3.语境综合判断法 根据上下文语境考虑设空处说的是什么时候的事情，从而确定相应的动词的时态。 时态呼应判断法 主句是将来时，状语从句(时间，条件，让步等状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时；主句的谓语动词用一般过去时，宾语从句中用过去相应的时态。
时间：10分钟 满分：20分 得分：_______
一. 单项选择
1.( 2025-2026学年天津市和平区天津市第一中学上学期高三年级英语学科第四次月考)I _______ French for 3 years after I graduated from university, which helped me secure a good job in Paris.
A. have studied B. have been studying
C. had studied D. studied
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我大学毕业后学了三年法语，这帮我在巴黎找到了一份好工作。根据“after I graduated from university”可知，“学习法语”是大学毕业后过去某段时间内完成的动作，不持续到现在，应用一般过去时。故填D。
2.( 2025-2026学年天津市宝坻区第九中学高三上学期第二次月考英语试题)He _______ three books and he was working on another one when I went to visit him.
A. has written B. had written C. would write D. is writing
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我去探望他时，他已经写了三本书，并且正在创作第四本。根据when引导的时间状语从句谓语动词went可知，句子描述写完三本书这件事在探望他之前，为过去的过去，用过去完成时(had done)。故选B。
3.( 2025-2026学年天津市耀华中学红桥学校高三上学期月考)She is the only one of the students who _______ selected to represent our school at the national English speech contest last month.
A. was B. were C. has been D. have been
【答案】A
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：她是学生中唯一被选中代表我们学校参加上个月全国英语演讲比赛的人。“the only one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句的先行词是the only one，为单数概念，所以从句谓语动词用单数形式。又因last month(上个月)表明事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were +过去分词”，这里用was。故选A项。
4.(2025-2026学年天津市武清区天和城实验中学高三上学期1月月考)Since the policy was launched, the city over 100,000 new energy vehicles.
A. has registered B. registered C. had registered D. registers
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态。句意：自从该政策实施以来，该市已登记了超过10万辆新能源汽车。根据上文Since the policy was launched可知为现在完成时，主语为city，助动词用has。故选A。
5.(2025-2026学年天津市蓟州区杨家楼中学高三上学期12月月考)The breakthrough in online teaching challenges the “classroom-only” tradition that _______ the education industry’s development in recent years.
A. had been driven B. had driven C. has driven D. has been driven
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态。句意：在线教学的这一突破打破了近年来推动教育行业发展的“仅限课堂”的传统模式。根据后文in recent years可知为现在完成时，定语从句中谓语与先行词tradition保持一致，助动词用has。故选C。
6.(2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区渤油第一中学高三上学期第二次)At the ongoing campus technology competition, many a student _______ innovative solutions to global energy challenges.
A. are presenting B. was presenting C. is presenting D. were presenting
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在正在进行的校园技术竞赛中，许多学生都在提出针对全球能源问题的创新解决方案。根据上文At the ongoing campus technology competition可知为现在进行时，且短语 many a + 单数可数名词表示“许多”，但谓语动词必须使用单数形式。故选C。
7.( 2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三上学期1月月考)The lady insisted that the young man _______ her wallet and that he should be sent to the police station at once.
A. had stolen B. steal C. has stolen D. stole
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态。句意：那位女士坚持认为那个年轻人偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求立即把他送到警察局。insist 表示“坚持认为、坚称”(强调某个事实是真的)时，后面的宾语从句使用陈述语气，此处从句表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故选A。
8.( 2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三上学期1月月考)He asked for my forgiveness and promised that he ________ things right.
A. made B. had made C. will make D. would make
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：他请求我的原谅，并承诺他会把事情处理好。这句话描述的是过去发生的情景：他请求原谅，并 承诺(过去承诺)将来会改正。在英语中，当主句谓语动词是过去式(asked, promised)时，从句中表示“将来”的动作需使用 过去将来时(would + 动词原形) 来保持时态一致。故选D。
9.(2025-2026学年天津市宝坻区第四中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考)The dive leader, as well as the crew members, _______ the weather reports carefully when the storm warning was issued this morning.
A. has checked B. have checked C. was checking D. were checking
【答案】C
【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态辨析。句意：今天早上风暴预警发布时，潜水队长和船员们正在仔细查看天气报告。as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数由前面的主语(the dive leader，单数)决定；根据时间状语从句when the storm warning was issued this morning(当风暴预警发布时)强调动作发生在过去，且正在进行，需用过去进行时。结合两点，谓语动词应为单数过去进行时 was checking。故选C。
10.(2025-2026学年河南信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学北湖校区高三上学期月考)The teacher, together with his students, ________ hard on the project since the beginning of this semester.
A. was working B. have been working
C. were working D. has been working
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从这个学期开始，老师和他的学生们就一直在努力做这个项目。“together with his students”是介词短语，作状语，题干的主语是“The teacher”，为第三人称单数，“since the beginning of this semester”的意思是“从这学期开始”，表示从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在，所以本句的时态应为现在完成进行时。故选D项。
二.单句语法填空
1.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)In Sept., the 2025 China International Online Literature Week opened in Hangzhou, …
Charles-Emmanuel Dewees,co-founder and editor-in-chief of Chireads, a French platform for translating and promoting Chinese online literature, _______(compare) cross-border literature spreading to a“multiplayer instance” in online games.
【答案】compared
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：法国翻译2.推广中国网络文学平台 Chireads 的联合创始人兼主编夏尔-埃马纽埃尔 德韦斯，将跨境文学传播比作网络游戏中的“多人副本”。空处作谓语，根据上文时间“In Sept., the 2025”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填compared。
2.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)While AI can boost translation efficiency, “elegance” — the “ya” in the classic Chinese standard of faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance — still _______(require) a human touch.
【答案】requires
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管人工智能能够提升翻译效率，但中国传统翻译标准“信、达、雅” 中的“雅”，依旧需要人工打磨。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语elegance是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填requires。
3.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语周考)On the shores of the Bohai Sea where the winding Yellow River _______(empty) into the ocean, Dongying’s landscape has been shaped by an unusual geographical legacy.
【答案】empties
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在蜿蜒的黄河汇入大海的渤海之滨，东营的地貌由一段独特的地理变迁塑造而成。此空考查谓语动词，the winding Yellow River与empty为主动关系，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语动词用empties。故填empties。
4.(2026届南京市、盐城市高三年级第一次模拟考试)Azheke _______(ride) the 21st-century wave of eco-tourism and become a popular destination.
【答案】has ridden
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：阿者科已经乘上了21世纪的生态旅游浪潮，并成为一个受欢迎的目的地。根据句意及“and become”可知，乘上生态旅游浪潮发生在过去并对现在造成影响(成为目的地)，用现在完成时，且主语Azheke是单数，助动词用has。故填has ridden。
5.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)With the approach of Qingming, one of 24 solar terms, which _______(mean) “clear and bright”, the icy grip of winter has loosened.
【答案】means
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：随着二十四节气之一的清明临近，清明意为“晴朗明亮”，冬日的严寒已经消散。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Qingming，为单数，且陈述事实，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
6.(2026届安徽定远育才学校高三第二次模拟检测)What must remain unchanged _______(be) our traditional dyeing(染色) technique.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们必须保持不变的是我们传统的染色技术。be是谓语动词，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时态，从句“What must remain unchanged”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，且故填is。
7.(2026届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三3月考试)Now her son and other youth are tasked with promoting it to ensure that the conversation she _______(kick) off with ancient needlework decades ago finds eager listeners on digital screens.
【答案】kicked
【详解】考查时态。句意：现在，她的儿子和其他年轻人肩负着推广它的责任，以确保她几十年前用古老的针线活开启的对话能在数字屏幕上找到热切的听众。空处为句子谓语，根据时间状语decades ago可知，句子应用一般过去时，kick的过去式是kicked。故填kicked。
8.( 2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)The term first _______(emerge) in 1956 when University of Chicago sociologists observed TV viewers engaging in parasocial relationships with onscreen personalities.
【答案】emerged
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个术语最早于1956年出现，当时芝加哥大学的社会学家观察到电视观众与屏幕上的人物建立起了拟社会关系，这种关系与他们与家人和朋友之间的关系相似——只不过这是一种单向的依恋。由in 1956可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填emerged。
9.(2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)Opportunities for asymmetrical(不对称) relationships _______(mushroom) in the internet era over the past few years.
【答案】have mushroomed
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去几年的互联网时代，不对称关系的机会大幅增加，社交媒体和如今的人工智能将这个学术术语带入了大众视野。由over the past few years可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语Opportunities是复数，因此空格处是have mushroomed，故填have mushroomed。
10.(2026届山东省日照第一中学高三下学期3月份单元质量检测)In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang Province, bamboo _______(replace) plastic in various products in recent years.
【答案】has replaced
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在浙江省西北部的安吉县，近年来竹子已在多种产品中取代了塑料。空处作句子的谓语，结合“in recent years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，且主语bamboo不可数，助动词应用has。故填has replaced。
时间：10分钟 满分：20分 得分：_______
一.单项选择
1. —The number of applicants for the house _______ in the last five years.
—That’s true. I _______ for a year, but my turn is yet to come. I believe I will make it.
A. doubled; am queuing up B. has doubled; have been queued up
C. have doubled; have been queuing up D. has doubled; have been queuing up
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态与主谓一致。句意：--过去五年里，这套房子的申请者数量翻了一番。--没错。我已经排队一年了，但还没轮到我。我相信我会成功的。the number of作主语，谓语动词用单数，in the last five years和现在完成时连用，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has；第二空表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成进行时have/has been doing，主语是I，助动词用have。故选D项。
2. — Is Peter coming
— No, he _______ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
A. is changing B. has changed C. had changed D. changed
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——彼得要来吗？——不来了，他在最后一刻接了个电话后改变了主意。“改变主意”是过去发生的一次性动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为changed。故选D项。
3. —Sally, I _______ the design already.
—Wow, wonderful!
A. am finishing B. was finishing C. finish D. have finished
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：--萨莉，我已经完成这个设计了。--哇，太棒了！根据时间状语“already”可知，使用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故选D。
4. —I haven’t seen you for ages. Have you graduated from college
—Yes. I _______ English for four years in Nanjing University.
A. have studied B. studied C. had studied D. is studying
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：--我好久没见到你了。你大学毕业了吗？--是的。我在南京大学学习英语已经四年了。根据回答中的Yes.可知已经毕业，此处是陈述过去的事实用一般过去时，故选B。
5. The employee you had been thinking highly _______ dishonest in handling the company’s data security.
A. of proving B. of proved C. of to prove D. of being proved
【答案】B
【详解】考查固定短语及动词时态。句意：你一直很看重的那个员工在处理公司数据安全方面被证明是不诚实的。固定短语think highly of sb.表示“看重某人”，“you had been thinking highly_____”为定语从句，先行词为The employee，关系词在从句中作think highly of的宾语。prove“证明”这一动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式proved。故选B。
6. The team _______ the production process, so now the factory operates at peak efficiency.
A. had improved B. had been improved
C. has improved D. has been improved
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这个团队已经改进了生产流程，所以现在工厂在最高效率下运行。improve(改进)是谓语动词，与主语“team”之间为主动关系，根据分句“now the factory operates at peak efficiency”可知，“改进了生产流程”对现在产生了影响，应用现在完成时态，主语team是集体名词，强调团队的成果，视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式has improved。故选C项。
7. In the memory test conducted at Nankai University, volunteers were asked to recall the words they _______ right before the task began.
A. had just memorized B. were just memorizing
C. just memorized D. have just memorized
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在南开大学开展的记忆测试中，志愿者被要求回忆他们在测试任务开始前刚刚记住的单词。由before可知，memorize发生的动作在从句谓语began之前，表示动作发生在过去的动作之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，谓语用had just memorized。故选A。
8. The historical wooden bridge across the river _______ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration _______ and will reopen next month.
A. has been closed; is progressing
B. has been closed; had progressed
C. had been closed; has been progressing
D. had been closed; was progressing
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：河上那座历史悠久的木桥因严重侵蚀已经关闭一年多了，但最新报告称修复工作正在进行，下个月将重新开放。第一空根据时间状语“for over a year”可知，此处用现在完成时，bridge与close是被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用has been closed；第二空表示现阶段正在进行的动作，结合“and will reopen next month”可知，此处用现在进行时，谓语动词为第三人称单数，所以第二空为is progressing。故选A项。
9. —Wow, your garden is blooming so brilliantly — what’s your secret
—I _______ these plants every morning for the past two months.
A. was tending toB. tended to C. have been tending to D. am tending to
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态。句意：--哇，你花园里的花开得这么灿烂——你的秘诀是什么？--在过去的两个月里，我每天早上都在照料这些植物。for the past two months是for+时间段的时间状语，要和现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，A项是过去进行时，B项是一般过去时，D项是现在进行时，不符合题干要求，排除ABD。C项是现在完成进行时，强调“照料植物”这个动作从过去两个月前开始，每天都在做，持续到现在，且正是这个持续的动作让花园里的花开得灿烂。故选C。
10. — I saw you in the park earlier.
— Oh, I _______ my dog when it started to rain.
A. was walking B. walked C. had walked D. have walked
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：--我早些时候在公园看见你了。--哦，天开始下雨的时候我正在遛狗。分析句子结构可知，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选A。
二. 单句语法填空
1.The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms moved in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly _______(interrupt) our peaceful morning trip.
【答案】interrupted
【解析】考查时态。句意：当我们出发时，天空晴朗，但山上的暴风雨来得很快，这场暴风雨很快打断了我们平静的早晨旅行。空处为并列句的谓语动词，根据“moved ”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填interrupted。
2. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds _______(prove) skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.
【答案】have proved
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：虽然在野外尚未发现这些鸟会使用工具，但把它们关在笼子里时，已证明它们很擅长使用工具。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据句意，句子描述的是鸟类到目前为止所呈现出的情况，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，应用现在完成时，句子的主语the birds是复数形式，助动词用have。故填have proved。
3. As far as I know, it _______(be) three years since we were reunited with each other last time.
【答案】has been
【解析】考查固定句型，时态和主谓一致。句意：据我所知，我们上次见面已经有三年了。“it has been+时间段+since”是固定句型，意为“自从……以来已经有多长时间了”，因此空格处是has been。故填has been。
4. I_______(intend) to go outing yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
【答案】had intended
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我昨天原本打算去外出的，但是有一个不速之客来访。根据“yesterday”和“but”可知，此处表示过去没有实现的愿望，需用虚拟语气，应用过去完成时had intended to do。故填had intended。
5. The rising sun _______(colour) the sky bright red when we climbed onto the top of the mountain.
【答案】coloured/had coloured
【解析】考查时态。句意：当我们登上山顶时，冉冉升起的太阳把天空染成了鲜红色。动词colour意为“渲染，为……着色”。根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，本空用过去式coloured。也可以理解为，在“我们”到达山顶之前，太阳把天空染成了鲜红色这件事已经发生，句子时态用过去完成时。故填coloured或had coloured。
6. Jasmine Flower is a popular Chinese song which _______(date) from the 18th century.
【答案】dates
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：《茉莉花》是一首受欢迎的中国歌曲，它可以追溯到 18 世纪。本空是which引导的定语从句的谓语，从句修饰先行词a popular Chinese song，date from表示“追溯到，始于”，这个短语通常没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态，且从句描述的是客观事实，所以此处应用一般现在时。关系代词which指代先行词a popular Chinese song，为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词 date要用第三人称单数形式dates。故填dates。
7. No sooner _______ he got home than it rained.
【答案】had
【详解】考查固定句型及时态。句意：他刚到家就下雨了。No sooner... than...是固定句型，意为“一……就……”，当No sooner位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，即把助动词提到主语之前。根据than it rained可知，got home这个动作发生在rained之前，是过去的过去，要用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”，所以此处填had，将had提前构成倒装。故填had。
8. He is one of the students who _______(be) late for school.
【答案】are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他是那些上学迟到的学生之一。本句结构为：one of + 复数名词 + who引导的定语从句，先行词为who前面的the students，为复数形式，句子描述习惯性情况，用一般现在时，be动词用are。故填are。
9. On the top of the hill _______(stand) a temple.
【答案】stands
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：山顶上矗立着一座寺庙。此处为地点状语置于句首的全部倒装结构，主语为a temple，是第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实用一般现在时。故填stands。
10. Only when you realize the importance _______ you study hard.
【答案】will
【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。句意：只有当你意识到学习的重要性时，你才会努力学习。“only+状语从句”位于句首，主句要用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语之前；结合句意可知，此处表示“你才会努力学习”，主句应用一般将来时，将will提到主语you之前。故填will。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)清单01 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(一)
专题01 动词的时态
一、一般体
1.一般现在时
(1)表示科学事实、客观真理或自然现象(在过去的语境中也用一般现在时)。
(2)表示现在经常性的、习惯性的、反复的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有always，usually，often，sometimes，every day等。
(3)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come, go, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, close, open, end, stop, return, take off等。
The party begins at 7 o’clock. 聚会再七点钟开始。
(4)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
If I have enough time, I’ll travel around the world. 如果有足够的时间，我将进行环球旅行。
1.(2025年1月·浙江高考)The concept _______(be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies.
2.(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world,70._______(mean)there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
2.一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去的时间状语yesterday，last year，three years ago，the other day等时间状语连用。如果在一段语段中, 根据上下文或主从句提示。
I didn’t pass the exam，which made my parents very angry.我没有通过考试，这让我父母很生气。
(2)时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时。
He said he would tell her the news as soon as he met her.他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。
1.(2025天津高考第二次)The Song Dynasty _______ the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the world’s first paper money.
A. has seen B. had seen C. sees D. saw
2.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As a little girl, I _______(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
3.一般将来时
shall/will+动词原形 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。其中will+动词原形也表示说话时临时作出的决定
be going to+动词原形 表示按计划、打算要做某事或某种迹象预示着要发生某事。
be to+动词原形 表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作
be about to+动词原形 表示正要或即将做某事，不与具体的时间状语连用
I am to meet Mr Brown at eleven o’clock this morning.今天上午 11点我要去见布朗先生。
Work is about to start on a new factory building.新厂房即将动工。
注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。
If you will give her another chance, she will surprise you. 如果你再给她一次机会，她会给你惊喜。
(2023年上海6月秋季高考英语真题)—Can you imagine_______ in 2035
— I’m sure it will be better.
A. what our life was B. what will our life be like
C. what was our life D. what our life will be like
二、进行体
1.现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
(2)come, go, leave, do, send, take off, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。
We are going hiking this Sunday. 这周日我们要去远足。
(3)与always, often, all the time, constantly, continuously, forever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。
He is always getting angry with me. 他总是对我生气。
(2011年浙江高考)Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _______. We must act immediately before there’s none left.
A. have run out B. have been run out C. are running out D. are being run out
2.过去进行时
(1)表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作。
(2)表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when，while引导的时间状语从句连用。
The teacher came in while the boy was reading a novel.那个男孩正在读小说时老师进来了。
(3)一些非延续性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常见动词有go，come，leave，start，arrive。
She asked him whether he was coming back for supper.她问他是否要回来吃晚饭。
(2015重庆高考)She told me that she _______ her homework when I called her.
A. was doing B. is doing C. does D. did
3.将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。
Don’t phone me between 5 and 6.We’ll be having dinner then.不要在五点至六点之间给我打电话，那时我们在吃晚饭。
(2023天津高考第一次)Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you _______ a group for a birthday party.
A. will be bringing B. have brought
C. have been bringing D. were bringing
完成体
1.现在完成时
1.表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。
He has already obtained a scholarship. 他已经获得了奖学金。
2.表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，常与之连用的时间状语有lately，recently，until now，ever since，in the last(past) few days/years，up to now，so far等。
The film has been on for half an hour. 电影已经开始半个小时了。
3.下列句型中常用现在完成时。
This/That/It is the first/second/...time that+现在完成时
This/That/It is the best/finest/most interesting/...+名词+that+现在完成时
It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film. 这是我第三次看这部电影。
It is the most interesting novel that I have ever read.这是我所读过的最有趣的小说。
1.(2025天津高考第一次)Although it has been proved that Benjamin Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist _______ what really happened.
A. has questioned B. have questioned C. was questioning D. were questioning
2.(2023天津高考第一次)Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, _______ a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades.
A. has caused B. have caused
C. was causing D. were causing
2.过去完成时
1. 表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。常见的时间状语有by+过去时间点，by the end of+过去时间点，by the time+从句，until/before/since+过去时间点或从句。
I had put away my cellphone before my father came back.在我爸爸回来之前我已经把我的手机收起来了。
(2)在hardly/scarcely... when, no sooner... than, It was the first/second... time (that)... 等句型中。
We had hardly/scarcely left the house when it began to rain. =No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain. =It was the third time he had been out of work that year. 我们一离开房子就开始下雨了。
(3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hope, want, plan, think, suppose等。
They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本打算帮忙的，但是没能及时到达那里。
(2025天津高考第一次)The reading materials _______ before the training began, so that everyone had a copy.
A. have printed B. had printed C. have been printed D. had been printed
其他
1.现在完成进行时
(1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。
I have been cleaning the house all the afternoon. 我整个下午都在打扫这个房子。
(2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。
I have been telephoning him several times this morning.
(2024天津高考第一次)The Smiths _______ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two years ago.
A. had been missing B. were missing
C. have been missing D. will be missing
2.过去将来时
1.表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。
She said she would retire the next year.她说她明年就退休了。
2.三种表示过去将来时的特殊结构：was/were going to+动词原形；was/were to+动词原形；was/were about to+动词原形。
was/were going to+动词原形表示过去打算或计划将要做某事。
He told me he was going to get married the next week.他告诉我他打算下周结婚。
was/were about to+动词原形表示过去即将要发生的动作。常构成句型was/were about to do...when...
She was about to say something more，and then checked herself.她还想说几句，接着又克制住了自己。
Look at the setting sun! We _______ late for the train if we didn’t hurry up.
A. were B. were going to be C. were about to be D. were to be
附录：
1. 与一般过去时连用的常用时间状语
①yesterday、the day before yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening……
② last Friday、last week、last month、last summer、last year……
③ten minutes ago、five hours ago、two weeks ago、three years ago……
④the other day、just now……
⑤in+过去时间---in 1976、in 2016、in the 19th century……
⑥隐形时间要注意：previously先前的
2.与现在完成时连用的常用时间状语
①before、already、just、never、ever、yet、lately、recently……
②how long、since+过去时间点、for+一段时间……
③in the past five days，over the last few years…
④so far, up to/till now, to date
⑤It is the first time that…; the best/most +名词+that…
3.与一般现在时连用的常用时间状语
now, today, nowadays, every year, usually等
3.与一般将来时连用的常用时间状语
next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow等
4.与进行时连用的常用时间状语
now, at present, at this moment等
5.与过去完成时连用的常用时间状语
by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after引导的从句等
二、 常考动词的时态的相关句式(带★号为常考句式)
①★was/were doing... when...+一般过去时
②was/were about to do... when...+一般过去时
③★it is the+序数词+time+that...+现在完成时
④★it was the+序数词+time+that...+过去完成时
⑤No sooner had+主语+done... than+一般过去时
⑥Hardly/Scarcely had+主语+done... when+一般过去时
⑦It will be+时间段+before+一般现在时
⑧It is/has been+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已……”，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。
⑨祈使句+and/or+陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。
⑩It is (high/about) time that sb...，that后面的句子要用一般过去时或should+动词原形。
一、根据明确的时间状语判断动词的时态 根据句子中出现的时间状语来确定句子的时态。 2. 固定句型判断法 根据固定句型来确定句子的时态。 3.语境综合判断法 根据上下文语境考虑设空处说的是什么时候的事情，从而确定相应的动词的时态。 时态呼应判断法 主句是将来时，状语从句(时间，条件，让步等状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时；主句的谓语动词用一般过去时，宾语从句中用过去相应的时态。
时间：10分钟 满分：20分 得分：_______
一. 单项选择
1.( 2025-2026学年天津市和平区天津市第一中学上学期高三年级英语学科第四次月考)I _______ French for 3 years after I graduated from university, which helped me secure a good job in Paris.
A. have studied B. have been studying
C. had studied D. studied
2.( 2025-2026学年天津市宝坻区第九中学高三上学期第二次月考英语试题)He _______ three books and he was working on another one when I went to visit him.
A. has written B. had written C. would write D. is writing
3.( 2025-2026学年天津市耀华中学红桥学校高三上学期月考)She is the only one of the students who _______ selected to represent our school at the national English speech contest last month.
A. was B. were C. has been D. have been
4.(2025-2026学年天津市武清区天和城实验中学高三上学期1月月考)Since the policy was launched, the city over 100,000 new energy vehicles.
A. has registered B. registered C. had registered D. registers
5.(2025-2026学年天津市蓟州区杨家楼中学高三上学期12月月考)The breakthrough in online teaching challenges the “classroom-only” tradition that _______ the education industry’s development in recent years.
A. had been driven B. had driven C. has driven D. has been driven
6.(2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区渤油第一中学高三上学期第二次)At the ongoing campus technology competition, many a student _______ innovative solutions to global energy challenges.
A. are presenting B. was presenting C. is presenting D. were presenting
7.( 2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三上学期1月月考)The lady insisted that the young man _______ her wallet and that he should be sent to the police station at once.
A. had stolen B. steal C. has stolen D. stole
8.( 2025-2026学年天津市滨海新区天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三上学期1月月考)He asked for my forgiveness and promised that he ________ things right.
A. made B. had made C. will make D. would make
9.(2025-2026学年天津市宝坻区第四中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考)The dive leader, as well as the crew members, _______ the weather reports carefully when the storm warning was issued this morning.
A. has checked B. have checked C. was checking D. were checking
10.(2025-2026学年河南信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学北湖校区高三上学期月考)The teacher, together with his students, ________ hard on the project since the beginning of this semester.
A. was working B. have been working
C. were working D. has been working
二.单句语法填空
1.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)In Sept., the 2025 China International Online Literature Week opened in Hangzhou, …
Charles-Emmanuel Dewees,co-founder and editor-in-chief of Chireads, a French platform for translating and promoting Chinese online literature, _______(compare) cross-border literature spreading to a“multiplayer instance” in online games.
2.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)While AI can boost translation efficiency, “elegance” — the “ya” in the classic Chinese standard of faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance — still _______(require) a human touch.
3.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语周考)On the shores of the Bohai Sea where the winding Yellow River _______(empty) into the ocean, Dongying’s landscape has been shaped by an unusual geographical legacy.
4.(2026届南京市、盐城市高三年级第一次模拟考试)Azheke _______(ride) the 21st-century wave of eco-tourism and become a popular destination.
5.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)With the approach of Qingming, one of 24 solar terms, which _______(mean) “clear and bright”, the icy grip of winter has loosened.
6.(2026届安徽定远育才学校高三第二次模拟检测)What must remain unchanged _______(be) our traditional dyeing(染色) technique.
7.(2026届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三3月考试)Now her son and other youth are tasked with promoting it to ensure that the conversation she _______(kick) off with ancient needlework decades ago finds eager listeners on digital screens.
8.( 2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)The term first _______(emerge) in 1956 when University of Chicago sociologists observed TV viewers engaging in parasocial relationships with onscreen personalities.
9.(2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)Opportunities for asymmetrical(不对称) relationships _______(mushroom) in the internet era over the past few years.
10.(2026届山东省日照第一中学高三下学期3月份单元质量检测)In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang Province, bamboo _______(replace) plastic in various products in recent years.
时间：10分钟 满分：20分 得分：_______
一.单项选择
1. —The number of applicants for the house _______ in the last five years.
—That’s true. I _______ for a year, but my turn is yet to come. I believe I will make it.
A. doubled; am queuing up B. has doubled; have been queued up
C. have doubled; have been queuing up D. has doubled; have been queuing up
2. — Is Peter coming
— No, he _______ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
A. is changing B. has changed C. had changed D. changed
3. —Sally, I _______ the design already.
—Wow, wonderful!
A. am finishing B. was finishing C. finish D. have finished
4. —I haven’t seen you for ages. Have you graduated from college
—Yes. I _______ English for four years in Nanjing University.
A. have studied B. studied C. had studied D. is studying
5. The employee you had been thinking highly _______ dishonest in handling the company’s data security.
A. of proving B. of proved C. of to prove D. of being proved
6. The team _______ the production process, so now the factory operates at peak efficiency.
A. had improved B. had been improved
C. has improved D. has been improved
7. In the memory test conducted at Nankai University, volunteers were asked to recall the words they _______ right before the task began.
A. had just memorized B. were just memorizing
C. just memorized D. have just memorized
8. The historical wooden bridge across the river _______ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration _______ and will reopen next month.
A. has been closed; is progressing
B. has been closed; had progressed
C. had been closed; has been progressing
D. had been closed; was progressing
9. —Wow, your garden is blooming so brilliantly — what’s your secret
—I _______ these plants every morning for the past two months.
A. was tending toB. tended to C. have been tending to D. am tending to
10. — I saw you in the park earlier.
— Oh, I _______ my dog when it started to rain.
A. was walking B. walked C. had walked D. have walked
二. 单句语法填空
1.The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms moved in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly _______(interrupt) our peaceful morning trip.
2. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds _______(prove) skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.
3. As far as I know, it _______(be) three years since we were reunited with each other last time.
4. I_______(intend) to go outing yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
5. The rising sun _______(colour) the sky bright red when we climbed onto the top of the mountain.
6. Jasmine Flower is a popular Chinese song which _______(date) from the 18th century.
7. No sooner _______ he got home than it rained.
8. He is one of the students who _______(be) late for school.
9. On the top of the hill _______(stand) a temple.
10. Only when you realize the importance _______ you study hard.
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