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清单03 必记派生词
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必记动词派生词
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知识点1 首字母a~c
1. amaze vt. & vi. 使惊奇→amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的→amazed adj. 惊讶的→amazement n. 惊讶
2. alarm vt. 使惊恐，使害怕→alarmed adj. 惊恐的→alarming adj. 使人惊恐的
3. advance vt. & vi. 发展，进步→advanced adj. 先进的；高级的
4. apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪→apology n. 道歉
5. add vt. 增加；添加；补充说→addition n. 增加，添加；加法→additional adj. 附加的，添加的
6. attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上→attachment n. 附件；附属物；依恋→attached adj. 依恋的，爱慕的；附属的
7. attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→attractive adj. 吸引人的→attraction n. 有吸引力的事物
8. argue vi. 争吵，争辩，争论 vt. 说理，论证→argument n. 争吵，争论；论点
9. admire vt. 钦佩；欣赏→admirable adj. 令人钦佩的→admiration n. 钦佩；欣赏
10. adapt vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应→adaptation n. 改编本；适应→adaptable adj. 可改编的；能适应的
11. assume vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→assumption n. 假定；设想
12. announce vt. 宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n. 宣布，宣告；通知→announcer n. 播音员；宣告者
13. admit vt. & vi. 承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n. 允许进入；承认；入场费
14. apply vt. & vi. 应用；申请；涂；有关→application n. 应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，敷用→applicant n. 申请人
15. appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n. 吸引力；申诉；呼吁，恳求→appealing adj. 有吸引力的；恳求的
16. attempt vt. & n. 努力，尝试，试图→attempted adj. 未遂的，企图的
17. accomplish vt. 完成→accomplishment n. 成就；成绩；完成→accomplished adj. 技艺高超的，熟练的
18. addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子→addicted adj. 上瘾的→addictive adj. 使人成瘾的→addiction n. 成瘾；着迷；嗜好
19. apply v. 应用；申请；涂；有关；运用→application n. 应用，运用；申请→applicant n. 申请人
20. access vt. 到达，进入；使用→accessible adj. 可使用的；可接近的；可到达的
21. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢→appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；理解
22. associate v. 联想，联系；(使)关联；交往→association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
23. adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢→adorable adj. 可爱的，讨人喜爱的
24. advertise vt. & vi. 做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传→advertising n. 广告活动，广告业→advertisement n. 广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传→advertiser n. 广告商
25. amuse vt. (提供)消遣；逗笑→amusement n. 娱乐(活动)；愉悦→amusing adj. 有趣的；好笑的→amused adj. 觉得好笑的
26. applaud vt. & vi. 称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n. 鼓掌
27. affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动→affection n. 喜爱；钟爱→effect n. 作用；影响
28. adjust vt. & vi. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理→adjustment n. 调整；调节→adjustable adj. 可调节的
29. annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰→annoyed adj. 愤怒的，生气的→annoying adj. 讨厌的；恼人的→annoyance n. 烦恼
30. assist v. 帮助；援助→assistant n. 助理；售货员；助教 adj. 助理的，副的→assistance n. 帮助；援助
31. acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n. 承认；确认；感谢
32. assess vt. 评估，评定；估算→assessment n. 评定；评估
33. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶，使吃惊→astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的→astonished adj. 感到惊讶的→astonishment n. 惊讶；震惊
34. accommodate vt. 提供住宿；容纳→accommodation n. 住处
35. adopt vt. 采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi. 领养，收养→adopted adj. 被收养的；被采用的→adoption n. 收养；采用
36. assign vt. 指定，指派；分配；确定→assignment n. 分配；任务
37. appoint vt. 约会；任命→appointment n. 约定，约会；任命，委托；职务→appointed adj. 指定的；约定的
38. arrange v. 安排，筹备；布置→arrangement n. 安排；布置；约定；排列
39. approve vt. & vi. 赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)→approval n. 赞成；认可；批准→disapproval n. 不赞成；反对
40. bear vt. 忍受→unbearable adj. 难耐的，无法忍受的→bearable adj. 可以忍受的
41. breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸；呼出→breath n. 呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
42. balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的
43. behave vi. 举止；表现→behavio(u)r n. 行为，举止，态度
44. base vt. 以……为基础(依据) →basis n. 基础；原因；基准→basic adj. 基础的
45. benefit vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于→beneficial adj. 有益的
46. concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n. 集中；专注
47. contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠→contributor n. 捐赠者；投稿人
fort vt. 宽慰，抚慰→comfortable adj. 舒服的
49. create v. 创造；创作；产生→creative adj. 创造性的，创作的；有创造力的→creation n. 创造；创建；作品→creator n. 创造者，创作者；造物主
50. challenge n. & vt. 挑战;质疑→challenging adj. 富有挑战性的;挑衅的
51. contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献→contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠→contributor n. 捐献者；投稿人
52. concern vt. 涉及；让(某人)担忧→concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的→concerning prep. 关于；涉及
53. cure vt. 治好→curable adj. 可以治愈的→incurable adj. 不能治愈的
54. collect vt. 收集；募捐→collection n. (同类)收藏品；作品集；募捐→collector n. 收集者；收藏家
55. congratulate vt. 祝贺→congratulation n. 祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺
56. confuse vt. 使困惑/迷惑不解→confused adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的→confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难懂的→confusion n. 困惑；混淆
57. construct vt. 建设；修建→construction n. 建筑，建造；建造物
58. contradict vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥→contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→contradiction n. 矛盾
pose vt. & vi. 作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→composer n. 作曲家，作曲者→composition n. 构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术
60. consume vt. 吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumer n. 消费者；顾客→consumption n. 消费，消耗量；吃，喝
61. combine vt. & vi. (使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做，合并→combination n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合
62. conclude vt. & vi. 结束；推断出→conclusion n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订；达成
mit v. 犯(罪)；承诺，忠于(某人) →committed adj. 尽心尽力的→commitment n. 承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费
pete vi. 参加比赛；竞争→competition n. 竞争；比赛→competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n. 竞争者
plain vi. & vt. 抱怨，投诉→complaint n. 不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉
66. calculate vt. 计算，核算；预测→calculation n. 计算，运算；预测→calculator n. 计算器
67. cover v. 覆盖；遮盖；处理；涉及；包括→coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围→discover v. 发现→uncover v. 揭开
68. convince vt. 使确信，使相信；说服，劝说→convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的→convinced adj. 坚信的；确信的
pare v. 比较，对比；与……类似；将……比作→comparison n. 比较；对比
70. consult v. 咨询；请教；商量；查阅→consultation n. 咨询，商讨；就诊→consultant n. 顾问，咨询师
71. conserve vt. 保护；保存→conservation n. 保护；保持
72. comprehend vt. 理解，领悟，懂得→comprehension n. 理解力，领悟能力；理解练习
73. cooperate vi. 合作，配合→cooperation n. 合作，协作；协助，配合
知识点2 首字母d~j
74. defend vt. & vi. 保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n. 防御；防卫；保护
75. distinguish vt. & vi. 成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的
76. destruct v. 破坏→destructive adj. 引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destruction n. 破坏
77. die vi. 死亡→death n. 死，死亡；死亡状态→dead adj. 死的
78. devote vt. 致力于；献身→devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的→devotion n. 奉献；挚爱；忠诚
79. design vt. 设计；制订 n. 设计；设计艺术→designer n. 设计师
80. determine vt. 确定；支配；决心 vi. 决心→determined adj. 坚定的；下定决心的→determination n. 决心；决定
81. describe vt. 描写；形容；描绘→description n. 描述，形容，说明
82. decorate vt. & vi. 装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆→decoration n. 装饰；装修；装饰品
83. disturb vt. 使不安；打扰；搅乱→disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj. 感到不安的
84. demonstrate vt. 表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi. 游行示威→demonstration n. 表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威
85. demand vt. 需要；强烈要求 →demanding adj. (工作)要求高的，费力的；(人)苛求的
86. distribute vt. 分配；散布；分发→distribution n. 分发，分送；分配，分布
87. differ vi. 相异；意见相左→different adj. 不同的→differently adv. 不同地→difference n. 不同之处
88. donate vt. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)→donation n. 捐赠→donator n. 捐赠者
89. deliver vt. 递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出→delivery n. 递送；交付；分娩
90. depart v. 离开；起程；背离→departure n. 离开，起程
91. depress vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→depressed adj. 沮丧的；萧条的→depression n. 抑郁(症)；消沉；萧条(期)
92. discourage vt. 阻止，使气馁→discouraged adj. 灰心的→discouraging adj. 使人灰心的，使人泄气的→discouragement n. 泄气，灰心
93. disappoint vt. 使失望，使沮丧→disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappointment n. 失望，沮丧
94. divide v. 分割；划分；分配→division n. 分歧；分开，分隔
95. equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt. 比得上→equality n. 平等；相等→equally adv. 同样地；相等地；公平地
96. explode vi. 爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发 vt. 使爆炸→explosion n. 爆炸；爆发
97. explore vt. & vi. 探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n. 探险；探索，探究→explorer n. 探险者
98. equip v. 配备；装备→equipment n. 配备，装备；设备
99. exist vi. 存在；生活，生存→existence n. 生存；存在→existing adj. 目前的，现有的
100. enter v. 进入→entrance n. 进入，出场；入口；准许加入；进入权→entry n. 进入
101. extinct adj. 灭绝的，绝种的→extinction n. 灭绝，绝种
102. erupt vi. & vt. (火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n. 爆发
103. establish vt. 建立(关系或联系)；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定→establishment n. 建立；设立
104. entertain v. 使快乐；招待，款待→entertainment n. 娱乐活动；招待，娱乐→entertaining adj. 令人愉快的
105. expand vt. & vi. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述→expansion n. 扩大；扩张；扩充
106. employ vt. 运用，使用；雇用→employer n. 雇主→employee n. 雇员→employment n. 雇用；就业→unemployment n. 失业；失业率
107. expect vt. 预期；预料；期待；指望 vi. 认为；料想→expectation n. 希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望
108. expose vt. 暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿；使遭受；使接触→exposure n. 暴露；揭露；接触→exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；无保护的
190. extend vi. & vt. 延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展→extension n. 扩展；延长→extensive adj. 广泛的；广阔的
110. exhibit v. 展览，展出→exhibition n. 展览，展出
111. engage vt. & vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系→engagement n. 婚约；约会→engaged adj. 忙于，从事于
112. envy n. & vt. 羡慕，忌妒→envious adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的
113. elect vt. 选举；推选→election n. 选举，推选；当选
114. examine vt. 检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问→examination n. 考试；检查
115. encourage vt. 鼓励→encouraged adj. 鼓舞的→encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的
116. educate vt. 教育→educator n. 教育工作者；教育(学)家→educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的→education n. 教育
117. embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬；使困惑；使为难→embarrassed adj. 窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的→embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的→embarrassment n. 窘迫，难堪；使人为难的人或事物；拮据
118. evaluate vt. 评估，估计，评价→evaluation n. 评价；估价
119. finance vt. 提供资金→financial adj. 财政的；金融的；资金的
120. fold v. 折叠；对折(纸、织物等) →unfold vi. & vt. 开花；展开，打开；展示，展现
121. freeze v. 将……冷冻，冻僵→frozen adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→freezing adj. 严寒的，冰冻的
122. fascinate vt. & vi. 深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj. 迷人的，吸引人的
123. fail vi. & vt. 失败；不及格→failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障
124. frighten vt. 使恐惧→frightened adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
125. favour(AmE favor) vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒→favourable adj. 赞同的，支持的；有利的→favourite adj. 最喜爱的
126. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生→graduation n. 毕业
127. greet vt. 问候，欢迎，招呼→greeting n. 问候，招呼；(pl. )祝词；贺词
128. guide vt. 带领；引导 n. 向导→guidance n. 指导；导航
129. hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n. 犹豫，迟疑→hesitant adj. 犹豫的，踌躇的
130. hunt vi. & vt. 寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀；追捕→hunter n. 猎人
131. harm n. & vt. 伤害，损害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的
132. innovate v. 创新；改革；革新→innovation n. 创造，创新；新思想，新方法
133. impress vt. & vi. 使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→impression n. 印象；效果→impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的
134. injure vt. 伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n. 伤害→injured adj. 受伤的
135. inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知→information n. 信息→informed adj. 有学问的；有见识的
136. inspire vt. 激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspired adj. 受鼓舞的→inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
137. improve vt. & vi. 改进，改善→improvement n. 改进
138. ignore vt. 忽视，对……不予理会→ignorant adj. 无知的→ignorance n. 无知
139. indicate vt. 表明；暗示；提及；指出→indication n. 表明；暗示
140. involve vt. 包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加→involved adj. 有关的；卷入的；复杂的
141. intend vi. & vt. 想要，计划；意指→intention n. 目的；意图；打算
142. illustrate vt. 说明，解释；加插图于→illustration n. 图解，图示
143. imply vt. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n. 含义；暗示；影响
144. inspect vt. 检查；视察；审视→inspection n. 检查，查看，审视；视察
145. investigate vt. & vi. 侦查，调查；研究→investigation n. 调查；研究
146. infect v. 传染，感染→ infection n. 传染，感染→infected adj. 被感染的→infectious adj. 传染的；易传染的
147. identify vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份→identity n. 身份；本身
148. inquire vt. & vi. 询问，打听→inquiry n. 调查；询问，打听
149. invest v. 投资；投入→investment n. 投资；投入
150. influence vt. 影响→influential adj. 有很大影响力的，有支配力的
151. interrupt vt. 打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi. 打扰，插嘴→interruption n. 打扰，插嘴
152. judge vt. & vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n. 法官；裁判员→judg(e)ment n. 判断
153. justify vt. 证明……正当；替……辩护→justified adj. 合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的
知识点3 首字母l~q
154. limit n. & vt. 限制→limited adj. 有限的→limitation n. 限制；局限；极限
155. locate v. 把……安置在；确定……的位置→location n. 外景拍摄地；地方，地点
156. lack vi. & vt. 缺乏，没有，不足，短缺→lacking adj. 没有的；缺乏的；不足的
157. liberate vt. 解放，使自由，摆脱→liberation n. 解放，摆脱
158. marry v. 结婚→marriage n. 结婚，婚姻；已婚状态
159. mix v. (使)混合，(使)结合→mixture n. 混合物；混合，结合→mixed adj. 复杂的；混合的
160. motivate vt. 激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→motivation n. 动力；诱因；干劲
161. negotiate vi. & vt. 谈判；商定，达成(协议)→negotiation n. 谈判；磋商
162. observe vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝→observation n. 观察；监视→observer n. 观察者；观测者
163. organize vt. 组织→organization n. 组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organizer n. 组织者→organized adj. 有组织的；有条理的
164. occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于→occupied adj. 已占用的；无空闲的；使用中的→occupation n. 工作；职业；占领；居住；使用
165. operate v. 工作；运转；操作；动手术→operator n. 操作人员，技工；接线员→operation n. 手术；运转
166. oppose vt. 反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的→opposition n. 反对；对立
167. propose vt. 提议→proposal n. 提议，建议，动议
168. perform vt. & vi. 表演；表现→performance n. 表现；表演；执行，履行→performer n. 表演者；演员
169. press vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→pressure n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
170. prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢→preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
171. perform vt. 做，履行；表演 vi. 工作，运转；表演→performance n. 表演；表现；执行；性能→performer n. 演员；表演者
172. promote vt. 促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升→promotion n. 促进，推动；促销；晋升
173. predict v. 预言，预知；断言→prediction n. 预言，预测→predictor n. 预言者
174. possess vt. 具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→possession n. 拥有；(pl. )财产；财物
175. persuade vt. 说服；使信服→persuasion n. 说服，劝说；信仰→persuasive adj. 有说服力的
176. participate vi. 参与，参加→participation n. 参加，参与→participant n. 参与者
177. permit vt. & vi. 允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n. 许可证→permission n. 允许，许可
178. present v. 颁发，授予；提出，提交；呈现，展现→presentation n. 幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出
179. prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令
180. poison vt. 污染；毒死，毒害→poisonous adj. 有毒的
181. qualify vt. & vi. (使)具有资格，(使)合格→qualification n. 资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准→qualified adj. 有资格的，胜任的
知识点4 首字母r~t
182. respect vt. 尊敬，敬重；方面→respectful adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的→respectable adj. 值得尊敬的；体面的
183. respond vi. & vt. 回答，回应；作出反应，响应→response n. 回复；反应，响应
184. recover vi. 恢复健康；恢复常态 vt. 全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→recovery n. 恢复
185. reflect v. 反思；反射→reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映
186. recognize vt. 承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→recognition n. 认出；认可；承认
187. revise vt. 改变，修改；修订；复习→revision n. 复习
188. recommend vt. 推荐，举荐；劝告，建议→recommendation n. 推荐；建议；介绍信
189. represent vt. 代表；为……代言；体现→representative n. 代表；典型人物 adj. 有代表性的；典型的
190. reserve vt. 预订；预留；保留→reservation n. 预约，预订；保留
191. resist v. 抵抗；抗拒→resistance n. 抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的
192. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述→related adj. 有关系的；有关联的→relation n. 关系→relationship n. 关系
193. restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束→restriction n. 限制，约束→restricted adj. 受限制的
194. react vi. 反应→reaction n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
195. retire vi. & vt. 退休，退职；退出(房间、比赛等)→retirement n. 退休
196. rely vi. 依靠；依赖→reliable adj. 可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的
197. reject vt. 拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥，排异→rejection n. 抛弃；拒绝；被抛弃的东西
198. refer v. 查阅；参考，谈到→reference n. 提到；参考；推荐信
199. satisfy vt. 使……满意→satisfied adj. 满意的→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的
200. stress vt. 强调，着重→stressed adj. 焦虑不安的→stressful adj. 产生压力的；紧张的
201. suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；变差 vt. 遭受，蒙受→suffering n. 痛苦，苦难→sufferer n. 患者，受难者
202. solve v. 解决；处理→solution n. 解决方法，处理手段；答案
203. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意→satisfaction n. 满意；满足，达到→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满足的；(感到)满意的
204. select vt. 选择，挑选→selection n. 选择，挑选
205. settle vi. & vt. 定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置→settler n. 移居者；殖民者→settlement n. 解决；定居点
206. survive vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存，幸免于难→survival n. 幸存；生还→survivor n. 幸存者
207. shock n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt. 使震惊；使气愤→shocking adj. 令人震惊的→shocked adj. 感到震惊的
208. scare vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕 n. 恐慌；惊吓→scared adj. 害怕的→scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的
209. surround vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→surrounding adj. 周围的→surroundings n. 周围的环境
210. suit v. 对……合适；合身；适合；使适宜→suitable adj. 合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的
211. starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿，(使)饿死→starvation n. 挨饿；饿死
212. tolerate vt. 容忍；允许→tolerance n. 容忍；允许→tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的
213. treat vt. 治疗；对待；处理→treatment n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理
214. tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看→tendency n. 趋势；倾向；偏好
215. transport vt. 运输，运送 →transportation n. 运输；交通工具，运输工具
216. transform vi. & vt. (使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→transformation n. 转化；转换；变形
217. threat n. 威胁，恐吓→threaten vt. 危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓
知识点5 首字母u~z
218. volunteer vi. & vt. 主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者→voluntary adj. 志愿的
219. vary v. 变化→variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→various adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的
220. urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 →urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的→urgency n. 紧急；急迫
(
必记名词派生词
5
9
个
)
知识点1 首字母a~g
1. anger n. 怒气，怒火→angry adj. 生气的，愤怒的
2. apology n. 道歉→apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪
3. accident n. 意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇→accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的
4. anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望→anxious adj. 焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的→anxiously adv. 焦急地；担忧地
5. agriculture n. 农业，农学→agricultural adj. 农业的；农艺的
6. alcohol n. 酒精，酒→alcoholic adj. 酒精的；含酒精的 n. 酒鬼；嗜酒如命者
7. ambition n. 野心，雄心；抱负→ambitious adj. 宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的
8. beauty n. 美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的→beautify vt. 美化；使更美丽
9. classic n. 经典作品，名著→classical adj. 古典的；经典的
merce n. 商务，商业，贸易→commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的→commercially adv. 商业上，贸易上
11. commerce n. 商业；贸易→commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的→commercially adv. 商业上
12. critic n. 批评家；评论家；评论员→critical adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→critically adv. 批判性地→criticism n. 批评，指责→criticize vt. 批评，批判
13. crime n. 罪，罪行；犯罪活动→criminal n. 罪犯 adj. 犯罪的，犯法的
14. chemical n. 化学制品 adj. 化学的；化学作用的→chemistry n. 化学 →chemist n. 化学家
15. detail n. 细节；具体情况→detailed adj. 详细的
16. dust n. 沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃→dusty adj. 布满灰尘的
17. effect n. 效果，作用；影响→effective adj. 有效的；生效的
18. energy n. 精力；活力；能量→energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
19. economy n. 经济→economic adj. 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economical adj. 节约的；经济的→economist n. 经济学家→economics n. 经济学
20. exception n. 例外→exceptional adj. 杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的
21. ecology n. 生态，生态学→ecological adj. 生态的，生态学的→ecologist n. 生态学家
22. fortune n. 运气；命运→fortunately adv. 幸运地，幸亏→fortunate adj. 幸运的
23. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj. 时尚的；流行的
24. fog n. 雾→foggy adj. 有雾的，雾茫茫的
25. factual adj. 事实的，真实的→factually adv. 真实地→fact n. 事实
26. finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理→financial adj. 财政的；金融的；资金的
27. global adj. 全球的；全面的→globe n. 球体；地球
28. greed n. 贪婪→greedy adj. 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的→greedily adv. 贪婪地，贪心地
29. gift n. 礼物；天赋；赠品→gifted adj. 有才华的，有天赋的
30. guilt n. 内疚；犯罪；有罪→guilty adj. 感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的
知识点2 首字母h~n
31. horror n. 恐怖电影(或故事等)；震惊，恐惧→horrible adj. 可怕的；令人恐惧的
32. history n. 历史→historian n. 史学工作者，历史学家→historical adj. 有关历史的→historic adj. 有历史意义的
33. harmony n. 融洽，和睦；和谐→harmonious adj. 和谐的
34. influence n. 影响(力)；有影响力的人或事→influential adj. 有很大影响力的，有支配力的
35. journal n. 日记；报纸，杂志→journalist n. 记者；新闻工作者
36. memory n. 记性，记忆力；内存，存储器；回忆→memorize vt. 记住，背熟；记忆→memorial n. 纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物
37. motive n. 原因，动机，目的→motivate vt. 激励；激发
38. mud n. 泥，淤泥→muddy adj. 泥泞的，浑浊的
39. mercy n. 宽恕，仁慈→merciful adj. 仁慈的
40. nation n. 国家；民族→national adj. 国家的；全国的；民族的→nationality n. 国籍；民族
知识点3 首字母o~t
41. occasion n. 时刻；时机；特殊场合，盛会→occasional adj. 偶然的；偶尔的→occasionally adv. 偶尔；有时
42. option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj. 可选择的
43. option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj. 可选择的
44. origin n. 起源→original adj. 起初的；独创的；原作的→originally adv. 最初
45. origin n. 起源，起因；出身→original adj. 起初的；原来的；首创的；独创的 n. 原著；原作→originally adv. 原来，起初
46. profession n. 职业，专业→professional adj. 职业的，专业的 n. 专门人员，专业人士→professor n. 教授，讲师
47. power n. 电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj. 强有力的；强大的；有权势的→powerless adj. 无力的；无能的
48. politics n. 政治(学)→politician n. 政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→political adj. 政治的
49. poison n. 毒物，毒药→poisonous adj. 有毒的
50. romance n. 爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情→romantic adj. 浪漫的；爱情的；(Romantic)浪漫主义的
51. relief n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt. 减轻；缓和
52. recreation n. 娱乐，消遣→recreational adj. 消遣的；娱乐的
53. science n. 科学→scientific adj. 科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→scientist n. 科学家
54. shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧→ashamed adj. 惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→shameful adj. 可耻的，丢脸的
55. system n. 系统；制度，体制→systematic adj. 系统化的，有条理的→systematically adv. 有条理地
56. tradition n. 传统，传统的信仰(或风俗)→traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的→traditionally adv. 传统上
57. talent n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj. 有才能的
知识点4 首字母u~z
58. universe n. 宇宙，天地万物→universal adj. 普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的
59. wool n. 毛织物；羊毛→woollen (AmE woolen) adj. 毛纺的；羊毛的
(
必记形容词派生词
86
个
)
知识点1 首字母a~g
1. aware adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的→awareness n. 意识；认识
2. appropriate adj. 合适的→appropriately adv. 适当地；合适地
3. automatic adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的→automatically adv. 无意识地；自动地
4. actual adj. 真实的；实际的→actually adv. 实际上，事实上
5. absolute adj. 绝对的，完全的→absolutely adv. 绝对地，完全地；极其
6. able adj. 有能力的→enable vt. 使能够，使可行→ability n. 能力
7. anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv. 焦急地→anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望
8. appropriate adj. 合适的→appropriately adv. 适当地；合适地
9. accurate adj. 正确无误的；精确的→accurately adv. 精确地；准确地→accuracy n. 准确(性)；精确(程度)
10. absent adj. 缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的→absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席
11. brief adj. 简洁的，简单的；短时间的→briefly adv. 简洁地，简单地
12. broad adj. 广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的→broadly adv. 广泛地→broaden vt. 变宽，扩大……的范围
13. confident adj. 自信的→confidence n. 信心，信任；把握
14. classic n. 经典作品，名著→classical adj. 古典的；经典的
15. convenient adj. 便利的，方便的，省事的，实用的→convenience n. 方便，便利；便利设施
16. consequent adj. 随之发生的→consequence n. 结果，后果；重要性→consequently adv. 因此；结果
17. curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的→curiosity n. 好奇，好奇心→curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地
ic adj. 滑稽的；喜剧的→comedy n. 喜剧→comedian n. 喜剧演员；滑稽演员
19. constant adj. 持续不断的→constantly adv. 不断地；始终，一直
20. distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的→distance n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
21. disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷，障碍
22. deep adj. 深的；深厚的→depth n. 最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚→deeply adv. 极其；至深处；强烈地→deepen v. (使情感，感觉)加强，变强烈
23. evident adj. 明显的→evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证→evidently adv. 明显地，显而易见
24. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerly adv. 渴望地→eagerness n. 渴望
25. efficient adj. 效率高的，有功效的→efficiency n. 效率；效能
26. extreme adj. 极端的；严重的 n. 极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→extremely adv. 极端地
27. entire adj. 完全的→entirely adv. 完全地，全部地，完整地
28. enthusiastic adj. 热情的，热心的→enthusiasm n. 热心，热忱，热情
29. extensive adj. 广阔的；大量的；广泛的；广博的→extensively adv. 广阔地；广泛地
30. fluent adj. (尤指外语)流利的，熟练的→fluently adv. 流利地；流畅地→fluency n. 流利；流畅
31. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的→unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的→familiariz(s)e v. (使)熟悉，了解，通晓→familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓，认识
32. frequent adj. 频繁的，经常的 v. 常去，常到(某处)→frequently adv. 频繁地，经常→frequency n. 频率，频繁
33. frank adj. 坦率的，直率的→frankly adv. 坦率地
34. formal adj. (穿着、言语、行为等)适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的→informal adj. 非正式的，不正规的→formally adv. 正式地；按传统
35. further adj. 更多的，更进一步的 adv. 较远，更远；进一步 vt. 促进，增进→far adj. & adv. 远的(地)→farther adj. & adv. 更远的/地→furthest/farthest adj. & adv. 最远的/地
36. free adj. 自由的；免费的→freedom n. 自由→freely adv. 自由地
37. frequent adj. 频繁的→frequency n. 发生率，出现率；频繁；频率→frequently adv. 频繁地
38. fresh adj. 新鲜的→refresh v. 使恢复精力；使想起→refreshed adj. 恢复了精力的，精神振作的→refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的；使人精力充沛的
39. gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的→gently adv. 轻柔地，温和地
40. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的→generosity n. 慷慨，大方，宽宏大量
41. grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的→gratitude n. 感谢；感激
42. genuine adj. 真诚的，可信赖的；真的，名副其实的→genuinely adv. 真切地，真诚地
知识点2 首字母h~n
43. independent adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的→independence n. 独立
44. instant adj. 立即的，立刻的；方便的→instantly adv. 立即 conj. 一……就……
45. intelligent adj. 有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n. 才智
46. incredible adj. 极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的→incredibly adv. 难以置信地；非常地
47. innocent adj. 无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 →innocence n. 天真；清白
48. legal adj. 合法的；法律的→illegal adj. 不合法的；违法的→legally adv. 法律上，合法地→illegally adv. 违法地，非法地
49. long adj. 长的→length n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→lengthen v. 加长
50. logical adj. 符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→logically adv. 逻辑上；符合逻辑地
51. likely adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的→unlikely adj. 不可能的，无法预料的，没有希望的
52. legal adj. 法律许可的，合法的→illegal adj. 不合法的，非法的→legally adv. 法律上，合法地→illegally adv. 违法地，非法地
53. literary adj. 文学的，文学上的；爱好文学的→literature n. 文学；文献；著作
54. major adj. 主要的，重要的→majority n. 大部分；大多数→(反)minority n. 少数；少数民族
55. mental adj. 思想的，精神的，智力的→mentally adv. 精神上；智力上
56. moral adj. 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n. 品行，道德；寓意→immoral adj. 不道德的
57. normal adj. 正常的，一般的 →normally adv. 通常；正常地→abnormal adj. 不正常的，异常的；畸形的
知识点3 首字母o~z
58. strong adj. 强壮的→strength n. 优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen vt. & vi. 巩固，加强
59. potential adj. 潜在的，可能的→potentially adv. 潜在地，可能地
60. responsible adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n. 责任
61. tense adj. 紧张的→tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸
62. regular adj. 频繁的；有规律的→regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地
63. typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的→typically adv. 典型地；有代表性地；通常
64. personal adj. 个人的；人际的；个性的→personality n. 性格，个性；气质→personally adv. 就个人而言；亲自
65. previous adj. 先前的，以往的；稍前的→previously adv. 先前地；早先
66. significant adj. 有重要意义的，显著的→significance n. 意义；重要性→significantly adv. 显著地；意味深长地
67. permanent adj. 永久的→permanence n. 永久，持久性
68. particular adj. 特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→particularly adv. 特别，尤其
69. sharp adj. 灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv. 急剧地；锋利地→sharpen vt. 使锋利
70. obvious adj. 明显的→obviously adv. 显然，明显地
71. technical adj. 技术的，技能的；专门技术的；专业的→technically adv. 技术上地→technique n. 技术；工艺；技巧
72. responsible adj. 负责的→responsibility n. 责任，负责；职责，义务
73. patient adj. 忍耐的，耐心的 →patience n. 耐心，忍耐力→patiently adv. 耐心地
74. real adj. 真正的；确实的；真实存在的→reality n. 事实，实际经历；现实，实际情况→really adv. 真正地；实际上
75. stable adj. 稳定的；牢固的；稳重的→stability n. 稳定(性)，稳固(性)→stably adv. 稳定地
76. profession n. 行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明→professional adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专业人员
77. psychology n. 心理，心理特征；心理学→psychological adj. 心理的；精神上的；心理学的→psychologically adv. 心理上地；心理学地
78. visible adj. 看得见的；明显的→invisible adj. 看不见的→visibly adv. 易察觉地；明显地
79. permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的→permanence n. 永久性，持久性；永久
80. short adj. 短的；不足的；矮的，低的→shortage n. 不足，短缺→shorten vt. 缩短；减少 vi. 缩短；变短
81. violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv. 猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地→violence n. 暴力，暴行；狂热，激情
82. social adj. 社会的；社交的→socialist adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者→society n. 社会→socialism n. 社会主义
83. prior adj. 在前的；优先的，占先的→priority n. 优先，优先权；重点
84. rude adj. 粗鲁的，无礼的，粗野的→rudeness n. 无礼貌；粗野；粗鲁
85. relevant adj. 紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的→relevance n. 关联，相关性→relevantly adv. 相关地→irrelevant adj. 不相关的，无关紧要的
86. tight adj. 牢固的；严格的，密集的；亲密的→tighten v. (使)变紧，加强→tightly adv. 紧紧地，牢固
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Passage 1
(2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新高考I卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56.________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 57.________ earliest binary - based(基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting - edge technology and contemporary art," says Tu. “We hope 58.________(present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. ”
"In a Go game, each move should serve a long - term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘59.________(guide)’ till they lose," explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players' personalities 60.________(reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent," she adds. “A decent winner always 61.________(try) to beat the opponent 62.________ no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态) of respect for the other side. "
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63.________(strategy) placement of the pieces, 64.________ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65.________(digital) generated pictures and silk - screen prints for the exhibition.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
56. which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空白处前是完整的句子，再根据空白处前的逗号以及空白处所在句缺主语可知，此处需要引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语的关系代词。先行词Go是物，故填which。
57. the考查冠词。空白处后的最高级earliest修饰名词binary-based games，当最高级后有修饰的名词时，最高级前需用定冠词the。
58. to present考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth. 是固定搭配，故空白处填to present。
59. guidance考查词性转换。根据空白处前follow your可知，形容词性物主代词your后需接名词作follow的宾语，且分析句意可知，空白处所需名词应表示“引导”之意，故填guidance。
60. are revealed考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处前是主语，空白处作谓语。本段和上一段都是围棋选手Wang Wei讲述围棋能体现选手性格，用的皆为一般现在时。主语The players' personalities是复数形式，与reveal之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are revealed。
61. tries考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处作谓语。根据空白处前的always以及本段和上一段中的时态均为一般现在时可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语A decent winner为单数，与try之间是主动关系，故填tries。
62. by考查介词。beat意为“打败”，与by搭配意为“以. . . . . 程度战胜某人”。本句句意为：一位有风度的围棋胜者总是会尽量以不超过一两分的优势战胜对手，以此表示对对手的尊重。
63. strategic / strategical考查词性转换。根据空白处前的the以及空白处后的名词placement可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，strategy的形容词形式为strategic或strategical,后者的使用频率较低。
64. and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，三个名词短语the balance between the black and white pieces、the beauty in the . . . placement of the pieces和the energy flow following each move为并列关系，故填and。
65. digitally 考查词性转换。空白处修饰后面的generated，来说明图形生成的方式，应用副词形式，故填digitally。
重点词汇
1. ________ adj. 当代的
2. ________ adj. 抽象的
3. ________ adj. 视觉的
4. ________ n. 指导；指引
5. ________ v. 揭示；展现
6. ________ v. 暴露
7. ________ adj. 得体的
8. ________ n. 策略
9. ________ n. 能量
10. ________ adj. 数字的
11. ________________根据……
12. ________________负责
13. ________________暴露，接触
熟词生义
go 熟义：去；文章义：n. ________
派生词
1. exhibit v. 展览→________ n. 展览
2. minimum adj. 最小的→________ adj. 极简主义的
3. concept n. 概念→________ adj. 概念的
合成词
1. binary+ base= binary - based adj. ________
2. art+ work = artwork n. ________
3. cut +edge= cutting - edge adj. ________
长难句分析
1. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, which originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
分析：本句的主干是An exhibition is featuring artwork，是主谓宾结构。at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai是________，修饰主语An exhibition；inspired by Go是________，修饰宾语artwork；or weiqi in Chinese是Go的同位语；which originated in China more than 4,000 years ago是一个________从句，修饰先行词Go。
翻译：上海久事美术馆正在展出一系列受围棋(中文称“围棋”)启发的艺术作品，围棋起源于4000多年前的中国。
2. We hope to present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
分析：本句的主语是We，谓语是hope，to present. . . 和initiate. . . 是并列的动词不定式结构作________。the rather abstract Go game and AI是present的________，in a visual context是状语；dialogues是initiate的________，with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism是________，修饰dialogues。
翻译：我们希望在视觉情境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义展开对话。
【答案】
重点单词：1. contemporary 2. abstract 3. visual 4. guide 5. reveal 6. expose 7. decent 8. strategy
9. energy 10. digital 11. according to 12. in charge of 13. be exposed to
熟词生义：围棋
派生词：1. exhibition 2. minimalist 3. conceptual
合成词：1. 基于二元的 2. 艺术品 3. 前沿的
长难句分析：1. 后置定语; 后置定语; 非限定性定语 2. 宾语; 宾语; 宾语; 后置定语
一. 阅读理解
A
Imagine a future where the most powerful computers aren’t made of silicon chips, but are grown from living cells. This is the ambitious goal of synthetic(合成) biology, and a team from MIT has just taken a groundbreaking step. They have successfully engineered common baker’s yeast(酵母) cells to perform basic computational operations, effectively turning them into tiny, self-reproducing biological computers.
Traditional computers process information using a binary(二进制) code of 0s and 1s, represented by electrical currents. The MIT team’s system, however, works differently. They redesigned the yeast’s genetic circuits so that specific combinations of chemicals act as “input” signals. When the yeast cell detects these chemical clues, it triggers a chain of internal gene expression, ultimately leading to a visible “output” — for example, the cell giving off a green light under a microscope to signal a “YES” answer, or remaining dull for a “NO”.
This achievement, published in Science, is revolutionary for several reasons. First, these biological computers are incredibly energy-efficient, running on the same sugar nutrients the yeast uses to grow. Second, they are self-assembling and self-repairing, properties no silicon-based machine possesses. Most importantly, they can operate in complex, liquid environments inside the body or in ecosystems, where traditional electronics fail.
The immediate application lies in smart diagnostics(诊断). Imagine taking in a capsule containing these engineered yeast cells. They could travel through your body, detect specific disease markers, and produce a clear visual signal in your waste, offering a cheap and safe diagnostic tool. In the longer term, such “wetware” computers could monitor environmental pollution or even direct the behavior of future living machines.
Of course, significant challenges remain. The “calculation” speed of cells is currently far slower than that of electronic computers, and designing reliable, complex genetic circuits is immensely difficult. Yet, this research lights the path to a future where computation is smoothly woven into the fabric of life itself.
1. How does the biological computer indicate its output
A. By giving off an observable signal. B. By detecting specific chemical clues.
C. By activating gene expression chains. D. By using a combination of chemicals.
2. What powers the biological computer
A. Sugar nutrients that support yeast growth.
B. A capsule containing engineered yeast cells.
C. The process of assembling and repairing itself.
D. Electrical energy generated by genetic circuits.
3. What might challenge the development of biological computers
A. Finding a more energetic organism. B. Overcoming major ethical concerns.
C. Improving genetic engineering design. D. Developing faster electronic computers.
4. Which of the following is the best title for this article
A. A Brighter Future: How Yeast Will Diagnose Disease
B. Encode Information: The Making of a Bio-Supercomputer
C. The End of Silicon: Why living Computers Are Taking Over
D. Compute Differently: Engineering Cells to Process Information
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 4. D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了合成生物学领域的一项突破性进展：麻省理工学院(MIT)的一个团队成功将普通面包酵母细胞改造成能执行基本计算操作的微型生物计算机。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“When the yeast cell detects these chemical clues, it triggers a chain of internal gene expression, ultimately leading to a visible “output” — for example, the cell giving off a green light under a microscope to signal a “YES” answer, or remaining dull for a “NO”. (当酵母细胞检测到这些化学线索时，便会触发一系列内部基因表达，最终产生一个可见的“输出”——例如，细胞在显微镜下发出绿光，表示“是”的答案；若不发光，则表示“否”)”可知，生物计算机通过发出可观察到的信号来表明其输出结果。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“First, these biological computers are incredibly energy-efficient, running on the same sugar nutrients the yeast uses to grow. ( 首先，这些生物计算机能耗极低，其运行所需的能量与酵母生长所依赖的糖类营养物质相同)”可知，为生物计算机提供动力的是能为酵母生长提供能量的糖类营养物质。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Of course, significant challenges remain. The “calculation” speed of cells is currently far slower than that of electronic computers, and designing reliable, complex genetic circuits is immensely difficult. (当然，目前仍存在重大挑战。细胞的“计算”速度目前远低于电子计算机，而且设计可靠、复杂的基因回路极其困难)”可知，可能会对生物计算机的发展构成挑战的是改进基因工程设计。故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Imagine a future where the most powerful computers aren’t made of silicon chips, but are grown from living cells. This is the ambitious goal of synthetic (合成) biology, and a team from MIT has just taken a groundbreaking step. They have successfully engineered common baker’s yeast (酵母) cells to perform basic computational operations, effectively turning them into tiny, self-reproducing biological computers. (想象这样一个未来：最强大的计算机并非由硅芯片制成，而是由活细胞培育而成。这便是合成生物学的宏大目标，麻省理工学院(MIT)的一个团队刚刚迈出了具有开创性的一步。他们成功对常见的面包酵母细胞进行了工程改造，使其能够执行基本的计算操作，从而将这些细胞变成了微小且能自我繁殖的生物计算机)”可知，本文主要讲的是合成生物学领域的一项突破性进展：麻省理工学院(MIT)的一个团队成功将普通面包酵母细胞改造成能执行基本计算操作的微型生物计算机，因此最好的标题是D选项“Compute Differently: Engineering Cells to Process Information(不同计算方式：对细胞进行工程改造以处理信息)”。故选D。
二. 阅读理解七选五
Does the thought of public speaking make you nervous Would you rather get caught in a storm than give a speech ____1____ There are two main elements that make up a good oral(口头的) report — the writing and the presentation. Follow the guidelines below, and there will be clear skies ahead.
Writing Your Material
Try to keep your sentences short and simple. To be most effective, hit your key points in the introduction, explain them in the body, and then repeat them once again in your conclusion. “Introduction” is your chance to engage your audience and really capture their interest in the subject you are presenting. ____2____ “Body” is the longest part of your report. Here you explain the facts and ideas you want to convey. Give information that supports your main idea, and expand on it with specific examples or details. “Conclusion” is the time to summarize the information and emphasize your most important points to the audience one last time.
Preparing Your Delivery
____3____ Confidence, enthusiasm, and energy are key to delivering an effective oral report, and they can best be achieved through tryouts. Ask family and friends to be your practice audience and give you their opinion when you’re done. The more times you practice, the more you’ll master the material.
Present it with everything you’ve got. Be as creative as you can. Include videos, sound clips, slide presentations, charts, diagrams and photos. Visual aids help stimulate your audience’s senses and keep them interested and engaged. ____4____
Keep your nerves under control. ____5____ That’s normal. Preparation is the key. And if you make a mistake or struggle on your words, just regroup and keep going. Nobody’s perfect, and nobody expects you to be.
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Confidence is significant.
C. They can also help to enhance your key points.
D. Giving an oral report does not have to be a natural disaster.
E. Everyone gets a little nervous when speaking in front of a group.
F. You don’t want to convey too much information to your audience.
G. Use a funny personal experience or start with an interesting question.
【答案】1 D 2. G 3. A 4. C 5. E
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文，针对人们公开做口头演讲容易紧张的问题，围绕如何做好口头报告，从内容撰写和演讲准备两个方面给出了具体实用的指导建议。
1. 前文“Does the thought of public speaking make you nervous Would you rather get caught in a storm than give a speech (一想到要进行公开演讲，你是不是就会感到紧张？比起遭遇暴风雨，你是不是更害怕去发表演讲呢)”提到了人们对于公开演讲的害怕感受，后文“There are two main elements that make up a good oral (口头的) report — the writing and the presentation. (一份出色的口头报告主要由两个部分构成——即书面内容和展示形式)”提到了出色的口头报告的构成，空处需要承上启下，缓解紧张情绪并引出主题，D选项“做口头报告并非一定要遭遇‘灾难性’的局面。”既回应了前文的恐惧心理，又自然引出后文的建议，符合语境。故选D。
2. 前文““Introduction” is your chance to engage your audience and really capture their interest in the subject you are presenting. (“引言”这一环节是你吸引听众并真正抓住他们对你所介绍主题兴趣的机会)”及后文“ “Body” is the longest part of your report. (“正文”是您报告中篇幅最长的部分)”提到了“引言”和“正文”，空处与前文逻辑连接，G选项“讲述一个有趣的个人经历，或者从一个有趣的问题入手。”表示如何开始“引言”，与前文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选G。
3. 小标题“准备你的演讲”表示应提前做好准备，后文“Confidence, enthusiasm, and energy are key to delivering an effective oral report, and they can best be achieved through tryouts. (自信、热情和活力是成功进行口头报告的关键要素，而这些特质最可以通过练习来培养实现)”也提到了练习的重要性，A选项“熟能生巧。”符合逻辑。故选A。
4. 前文“Be as creative as you can. Include videos, sound clips, slide presentations, charts, diagrams and photos. Visual aids help stimulate your audience’s senses and keep them interested and engaged. (尽可能发挥你的创造力。可以加入视频、音频片段、幻灯片演示、图表、示意图以及照片。视觉辅助工具有助于刺激听众的感官，使他们保持兴趣并全神贯注)”提到如何利用“视觉辅助工具”来使观众保持专注，C选项“它们还能有助于强化你的核心观点。”中They指代前文的Visual aids，同时进一步表明这些工具对于演讲的益处。故选C。
5. 前文“Keep your nerves under control. (控制住你的紧张情绪)”说明本段主题是控制紧张情绪，后文“That’s normal. (那是正常的)”说明在演讲时紧张是正常的，E选项“每个人在众人面前讲话时都会感到有点紧张。”既符合段落主题，又能与后文形成自然衔接，符合前后文语境。故选E。
三. 完形填空
One day, hundreds of people were stuck in traffic on the highway in below-freezing temperatures due to a snowstorm. With the conditions making it ____1____ for rescue workers to help, many were trapped overnight with no access to ____2____.
But one stuck driver found a ____3____ spot in the despair. As she was sitting in her car fearing the ____4____, Casey Holihan and her husband, John Noe, ____5____ a bread truck just ahead of them in the jam. Willing to try just about anything, they called the customer service number listed on the back of the truck and left a ____6____ begging for the driver to open the back and ____7____ bread to the hungry passengers around them. It was a last-ditch effort, and the couple wasn’t very ____8____ about getting a response. But to their ____9____ they soon received a phone call from the company’s owner, Chuck Paterakis, with the news that he was ____10____ the truck’s driver to open up and pass out loaves of bread from his cargo. Overjoyed by the news, Holihan and Noe ____11____ the truck’s driver to bring much-needed things to the cars around them.
The simple loaves of bread were surely a ray of ____12____ in an impossibly disturbing situation. Holihan herself calls it “one of the ____13____ moments” she’s ever witnessed. This company could have made a(n) ____14____ from the bread but instead chose to help the people around them. That is just so incredible that someone chose ____15____ over profit, especially in a situation where people were so desperate.
1. A. stressful B. effortless C. practical D. difficult
2. A. water B. necessities C. bread D. blankets
3. A. new B. familiar C. bright D. strange
4. A. least B. best C. most D. worst
5. A. spotted B. realized C. stared D. knew
6. A. number B. message C. note D. clue
7. A. lend B. sell C. distribute D. send
8. A. upset B. optimistic C. excited D. anxious
9. A. relief B. regret C. surprise D. credit
10. A. consulting B. guiding C. begging D. instructing
11. A. kept up with B. teamed up with C. met up with D. put up with
12. A. hope B. truth C. inspiration D. faith
13. A. happiest B. bravest C. kindest D. friendliest
14. A. profit B. difference C. living D. contribution
15. A. welfare B. fame C. award D. humanity
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. D
11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了由于暴风雪，数百人在零下的气温下被困在高速公路上，由于条件恶劣，救援人员很难提供帮助，许多人被困过夜，无法获得必需品。正当人们绝望时，一位被困的司机，看到了前车是一辆装载面包的车，他们很快拨通了卡车后面的客户服务电话，很快就接到了公司老板Chuck Paterakis的电话，告诉装面包的车，把车上的面包分发出去。这救了很多被困的人，展现出人性的善良。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于条件恶劣，救援人员很难提供帮助，许多人被困过夜，无法获得必需品。A. stressful 紧张的，压力大的；B. effortless 不需费力的；C. practical实际的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文“One day, hundreds of people were stuck in traffic on the highway in below-freezing temperatures due to a snowstorm. ”可知，救援人员很难提供帮助。故选D项。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于条件恶劣，救援人员很难提供帮助，许多人被困过夜，无法获得必需品。A. water水；B. necessities必需品；C. bread面包； D. blankets毯子。根据上文“With the conditions making it ____1____ for rescue workers to help,many were trapped overnight”可知，许多人被困过夜，无法获得必需品。故选B项。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但一位被困的司机在绝望中找到了一丝光明。A. new新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. bright明亮的；D. strange陌生的。根据下文“a bread truck just ahead of them in the jam. ”可知，这无异于困难中的一丝光明。故选C项。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Casey Holihan和她的丈夫John Noe正坐在车里担心最糟糕的情况，他们发现一辆面包车就在他们前面。A. least最少的；B. best最好的；C. most最多的； D. worst最糟糕的。根据上文“fearing”可知，担心最糟糕的情况。故选D项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Casey Holihan和她的丈夫John Noe正坐在车里担心最糟糕的情况，他们发现一辆面包车就在他们前面。A. spotted发现；B. realized意识到；C. stared盯着看；D. knew知道。根据下文“a bread truck just ahead of them in the jam. ”可知，他们发现一辆面包车就在他们前面。故选A项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们愿意尝试任何办法，于是打电话给卡车后面的客户服务电话，并留言请求司机打开后车厢，把面包分发给周围饥饿的乘客。A. number数字；B. message信息；C. note笔记； D. clue线索。根据上文“they called the customer service number listed”可知，留言请求司机打开后车厢。故选B项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们愿意尝试任何办法，于是打电话给卡车后面的客户服务电话，并留言请求司机打开后车厢，把面包分发给周围饥饿的乘客。A. lend借；B. sell卖；C. distribute分发；D. send发送。根据下文“pass out loaves of bread from his cargo”可知，请求司机打开后车厢，把面包分发给周围饥饿的乘客。故选C项。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是最后的努力，这对夫妇对得到回应不太乐观。A. upset沮丧的；B. optimistic 乐观的；C. excited兴奋的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“It was a last-ditch effort”以及下文的惊讶可知，这对夫妇对得到回应不太乐观。故选B项。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令他们吃惊的是，他们很快就接到了公司老板Chuck Paterakis的电话，告诉他们他正在指示卡车司机打开车门，把车上的面包分发出去。A. relief缓解；B. regret后悔；C. surprise惊讶； D. credit信贷。根据上文“It was a last-ditch effort,and the couple wasn’t very ____8____ about getting a response. ”以及下文“they soon received a phone call from the company’s owner”可知，他们很惊讶。故选C项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但令他们吃惊的是，他们很快就接到了公司老板Chuck Paterakis的电话，告诉他们他正在指示卡车司机打开车门，把车上的面包分发出去。 A. consulting咨询；B. guiding指导；C. begging祈求；D. instructing指示。根据下文“the truck’s driver to open up and pass out loaves of bread from his cargo. ”可知，他们他正在指示卡车司机打开车门。故选D项。
11. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：听到这个消息，霍利汉和诺伊欣喜若狂，他们与卡车司机合作，把急需的东西送到他们周围的汽车上。 A. kept up with跟上；B. teamed up with合作； C. met up with遇到；D. put up with忍受。根据下文“the truck’s driver to bring much-needed things to the cars around them. ”可知，他们与卡车司机合作，把急需的东西送到他们周围的汽车上。故选B项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种令人难以置信的混乱局面中，简单的几条面包无疑是一线希望。A. hope希望；B. truth事实；C. inspiration灵感； D. faith信仰。根据下文“in an impossibly disturbing situation”可知，面包就是希望。故选A项。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：霍利汉自己称这是她所见过的“最善良的时刻之一”。A. happiest最快乐的；B. bravest最勇敢的；C. kindest最好的；D. friendliest最友好的。在困难时刻，有人伸出了援助之手，可见这是最善良的时刻。故选C项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家公司本可以从面包中获利，但却选择帮助周围的人。A. profit利润；B. difference不同；C. living 居住，生活；D. contribution贡献。根据下文“profit”可知，这家公司本可以从面包中获利。故选A项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这太不可思议了，有人选择了人性而不是利益，尤其是在人们如此绝望的情况下。A. welfare福利；B. fame名气；C. award奖，奖品；D. humanity人类，人性。在人们如此绝望的情况下得到了帮助，这是人性的体现。故选D项。
四. 语法填空
New mammals are stepping into the spotlight as “diplomats(外交官)”. Golden snub-nosed monkeys from central China have begun making ___1___(they) way to European zoos as part of an initiative similar to “panda diplomacy”.
Golden snub-nosed monkeys have ___2___ deep history in China and have been featured in artwork. They are recognizable by their striking golden-orange fur and hairless blue face. The monkeys not just feed on fruits and seeds, ___3___ they also eat insects. They turn gray-brown in summer, and each winter they regrow the thick orange coat that helps them stand freezing temperatures in the high mountains of the Xizang Plateau, ___4___ they live.
The species is endangered, with about 8,000 to 15,000 individuals ___5___(live) in the wild. They face major threats, including habitat loss due to deforestation, as well as illegal hunting. Since golden snub-nosed monkeys are native only ___6___ China, they can’t leave the country without government approval.
China is hoping ___7___(save) these monkeys just as it did with pandas, which also live only in the country. After ___8___(success) conservation efforts, pandas ___9___(remove) from the endangered species list and reclassified as vulnerable in 2016. To date, six golden “ambassadors” have brought China’s goodwill abroad, which is a great step toward greater public ___10___(aware), scientific research and conservation.
【答案】
1. their 2. a 3. but 4. where 5. living
6. to 7. to save 8. successful 9. were removed 10. awareness
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了中国金丝猴开启中欧交流之旅，有望成为继熊猫后的新一代“外交大使”。
1. 考查代词。句意：来自中国中部地区的金丝猴已经开始前往欧洲的动物园，这是类似“熊猫外交”活动的一部分。设空处修饰名词way，需要用形容词性物主代词their，作定语，故填their。
2. 考查冠词。句意：金丝猴在中国有着悠久的历史，并且还经常出现在艺术作品中。have a. . . history是固定搭配，意为“有……的历史”，故填a。
3. 考查固定搭配。句意：这些猴子不仅以水果和种子为食，还会捕食昆虫。此处是“not just. . . but (also). . . ”结构，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：它们在夏季会变成灰褐色，而在每个冬季，它们又会重新长出那厚厚的橙色皮毛。这种皮毛能帮助它们在西藏高原的高山上抵御严寒。那里就是它们的栖息地。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为地点the high mountains of the Xizang Plateau，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：该物种濒临灭绝，目前约有8000至15000只个体生活在野外。此处为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，宾语individuals与live之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填living。
6. 考查介词。句意：由于金丝猴只原产于中国，因此未经政府批准，它们不得离开中国。native to为固定搭配，意为“原产于；是……的本土生物”，故填to。
7. 考查动词不定式。句意：中国希望像保护大熊猫那样保护这些猴子。大熊猫也是仅分布于中国的物种。hope to do sth. 为固定用法，意为“希望做某事”，故填to save。
8. 考查形容词。句意：经过一系列有效的保护措施后，大熊猫于2016年从濒危物种名单中移除，并被重新归类为易危物种。修饰名词conservation，需要用形容词successful作定语，故填successful。
9. 考查被动语态。句意：经过一系列有效的保护措施后，大熊猫于2016年从濒危物种名单中移除，并被重新归类为易危物种。设空处与主语pandas为被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数，故填were removed。
10. 考查名词。句意：截至目前，已有六位“金色大使”将中国的善意传播到了世界各地，这为提高公众意识、推动科学研究以及促进保护工作迈出了重要的一步。根据句意可知，设空处与public构成名词短语public awareness，意为“公众意识”作宾语，故填awareness。
五. 读后续写
My uncle, my mother’s brother, was the one who loved me greatly. It was his birthday, and I wanted to do something really special for him. So I decided to bake a birthday cake for him from zero all by myself.
Having already brought my trusty oven into the kitchen, I set about the business of gathering the necessary materials and preparing for the task at hand, with the help of my mother. Now it was time to bake. I felt just like a great cook, as my hands skillfully measured and mixed ingredients, making sure that everything was absolutely perfect. This was no ordinary cake, you see. It was created with love especially for my uncle on his very special day.
I slaved for hours to get that tiny little cake picture perfect. Finally it was done. It was the most beautiful cake I had ever seen. It was definitely worth the extra effort and hard work that I had put into it with patience that only came from pride in one’s efforts.
My masterpiece was a tiny, two-layer white cake with silky-smooth fudge frosting(软糖糖霜) and one little blue candle for decoration. I could barely wait until five o’clock to surprise my uncle with his special gift, painstakingly created by my two little hands.
Overjoyed at the prospect of finally getting to present my uncle with his cake and wish him a very happy birthday, I raced out the door with cake in hand. In my haste, I failed to notice that it had rained. The steps beside the porch were wet. Rushing blindly off the porch, I hit the slippery steps and realized with horror the disaster that was about to happen. Everything seemed to be in slow motion as my feet flew out from under me, and my cake flew high into the air. Only seconds after my pride hit the ground, my beautiful cake came crashing down beside me with a loud sound! When I looked over at the little broken cake, my heart broke too.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My mother, who had been watching from the window, came to my rescue.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I arrived at my uncle’s house on time, with my cake still perfect.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
My mother, who had been watching from the window, came to my rescue. She knelt down beside me, kissed me on the cheek, and wiped away the tears, saying, “We had better get busy if we are going to get this special cake to your uncle on time.” I looked at her with skepticism, but she just smiled and began carefully picking up the pieces of cake. She took them into the kitchen and began working her magic. With the skill of an artist, she molded the cake back together. Seeing the perfectly restored cake, I gave her a big hug and was once again on my way.
I arrived at my uncle’s house on time, with my cake still perfect. I was brimming with love and pride as I presented my uncle with his cake and sang “Happy Birthday” to him. My uncle, having heard what had happened, proclaimed it to be the most beautiful birthday cake ever made. As he finished the last bite, he said, “That was the most delicious cake I have ever eaten!” Then he proceeded to go on and on about what a great cook I was. I was overjoyed, believing the power of love could do anything!
【语篇导读】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者为了给舅舅准备生日惊喜，亲手做了一个充满爱意的蛋糕。出门时因路滑摔倒，蛋糕摔碎了。妈妈把蛋糕修复好，作者按时送到舅舅家。舅舅非常感动，夸赞蛋糕美味，作者也感受到了爱的力量。
【详解】
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一直站在窗边张望的妈妈，向我伸出援手。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈把蛋糕修复好，作者按时送到舅舅家。
②由第二段首句内容“我准时到达了叔叔家，蛋糕依然完好无损。”可知，第二段可描写舅舅非常感动，夸赞蛋糕美味，作者也感受到了爱的力量。。
2. 续写线索：安慰作者——把蛋糕修复好——按时送到舅舅家——舅舅非常感动——夸赞蛋糕美味——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①称赞：proclaim /praise
②赠送：present/ give
③继续做某事：proceed to do/ continue to do
情绪类
①欣喜若狂的：overjoyed/ ecstatic
②怀疑：skepticism /doubt
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Seeing the perfectly restored cake, I gave her a big hug and was once again on my way. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]As he finished the last bite, he said, “That was the most delicious cake I have ever eaten!”(运用了As引导的时间状语从句)
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)清单03 必记派生词
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必记动词派生词
22
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个
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知识点1 首字母a~c
1. amaze vt. & vi. 使惊奇→amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的→amazed adj. 惊讶的→amazement n. 惊讶
2. alarm vt. 使惊恐，使害怕→alarmed adj. 惊恐的→alarming adj. 使人惊恐的
3. advance vt. & vi. 发展，进步→advanced adj. 先进的；高级的
4. apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪→apology n. 道歉
5. add vt. 增加；添加；补充说→addition n. 增加，添加；加法→additional adj. 附加的，添加的
6. attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上→attachment n. 附件；附属物；依恋→attached adj. 依恋的，爱慕的；附属的
7. attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→attractive adj. 吸引人的→attraction n. 有吸引力的事物
8. argue vi. 争吵，争辩，争论 vt. 说理，论证→argument n. 争吵，争论；论点
9. admire vt. 钦佩；欣赏→admirable adj. 令人钦佩的→admiration n. 钦佩；欣赏
10. adapt vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应→adaptation n. 改编本；适应→adaptable adj. 可改编的；能适应的
11. assume vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→assumption n. 假定；设想
12. announce vt. 宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n. 宣布，宣告；通知→announcer n. 播音员；宣告者
13. admit vt. & vi. 承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n. 允许进入；承认；入场费
14. apply vt. & vi. 应用；申请；涂；有关→application n. 应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，敷用→applicant n. 申请人
15. appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n. 吸引力；申诉；呼吁，恳求→appealing adj. 有吸引力的；恳求的
16. attempt vt. & n. 努力，尝试，试图→attempted adj. 未遂的，企图的
17. accomplish vt. 完成→accomplishment n. 成就；成绩；完成→accomplished adj. 技艺高超的，熟练的
18. addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子→addicted adj. 上瘾的→addictive adj. 使人成瘾的→addiction n. 成瘾；着迷；嗜好
19. apply v. 应用；申请；涂；有关；运用→application n. 应用，运用；申请→applicant n. 申请人
20. access vt. 到达，进入；使用→accessible adj. 可使用的；可接近的；可到达的
21. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢→appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；理解
22. associate v. 联想，联系；(使)关联；交往→association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
23. adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢→adorable adj. 可爱的，讨人喜爱的
24. advertise vt. & vi. 做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传→advertising n. 广告活动，广告业→advertisement n. 广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传→advertiser n. 广告商
25. amuse vt. (提供)消遣；逗笑→amusement n. 娱乐(活动)；愉悦→amusing adj. 有趣的；好笑的→amused adj. 觉得好笑的
26. applaud vt. & vi. 称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n. 鼓掌
27. affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动→affection n. 喜爱；钟爱→effect n. 作用；影响
28. adjust vt. & vi. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理→adjustment n. 调整；调节→adjustable adj. 可调节的
29. annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰→annoyed adj. 愤怒的，生气的→annoying adj. 讨厌的；恼人的→annoyance n. 烦恼
30. assist v. 帮助；援助→assistant n. 助理；售货员；助教 adj. 助理的，副的→assistance n. 帮助；援助
31. acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n. 承认；确认；感谢
32. assess vt. 评估，评定；估算→assessment n. 评定；评估
33. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶，使吃惊→astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的→astonished adj. 感到惊讶的→astonishment n. 惊讶；震惊
34. accommodate vt. 提供住宿；容纳→accommodation n. 住处
35. adopt vt. 采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi. 领养，收养→adopted adj. 被收养的；被采用的→adoption n. 收养；采用
36. assign vt. 指定，指派；分配；确定→assignment n. 分配；任务
37. appoint vt. 约会；任命→appointment n. 约定，约会；任命，委托；职务→appointed adj. 指定的；约定的
38. arrange v. 安排，筹备；布置→arrangement n. 安排；布置；约定；排列
39. approve vt. & vi. 赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)→approval n. 赞成；认可；批准→disapproval n. 不赞成；反对
40. bear vt. 忍受→unbearable adj. 难耐的，无法忍受的→bearable adj. 可以忍受的
41. breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸；呼出→breath n. 呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
42. balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的
43. behave vi. 举止；表现→behavio(u)r n. 行为，举止，态度
44. base vt. 以……为基础(依据) →basis n. 基础；原因；基准→basic adj. 基础的
45. benefit vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于→beneficial adj. 有益的
46. concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n. 集中；专注
47. contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠→contributor n. 捐赠者；投稿人
fort vt. 宽慰，抚慰→comfortable adj. 舒服的
49. create v. 创造；创作；产生→creative adj. 创造性的，创作的；有创造力的→creation n. 创造；创建；作品→creator n. 创造者，创作者；造物主
50. challenge n. & vt. 挑战;质疑→challenging adj. 富有挑战性的;挑衅的
51. contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献→contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠→contributor n. 捐献者；投稿人
52. concern vt. 涉及；让(某人)担忧→concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的→concerning prep. 关于；涉及
53. cure vt. 治好→curable adj. 可以治愈的→incurable adj. 不能治愈的
54. collect vt. 收集；募捐→collection n. (同类)收藏品；作品集；募捐→collector n. 收集者；收藏家
55. congratulate vt. 祝贺→congratulation n. 祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺
56. confuse vt. 使困惑/迷惑不解→confused adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的→confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难懂的→confusion n. 困惑；混淆
57. construct vt. 建设；修建→construction n. 建筑，建造；建造物
58. contradict vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥→contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→contradiction n. 矛盾
pose vt. & vi. 作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→composer n. 作曲家，作曲者→composition n. 构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术
60. consume vt. 吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumer n. 消费者；顾客→consumption n. 消费，消耗量；吃，喝
61. combine vt. & vi. (使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做，合并→combination n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合
62. conclude vt. & vi. 结束；推断出→conclusion n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订；达成
mit v. 犯(罪)；承诺，忠于(某人) →committed adj. 尽心尽力的→commitment n. 承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费
pete vi. 参加比赛；竞争→competition n. 竞争；比赛→competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n. 竞争者
plain vi. & vt. 抱怨，投诉→complaint n. 不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉
66. calculate vt. 计算，核算；预测→calculation n. 计算，运算；预测→calculator n. 计算器
67. cover v. 覆盖；遮盖；处理；涉及；包括→coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围→discover v. 发现→uncover v. 揭开
68. convince vt. 使确信，使相信；说服，劝说→convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的→convinced adj. 坚信的；确信的
pare v. 比较，对比；与……类似；将……比作→comparison n. 比较；对比
70. consult v. 咨询；请教；商量；查阅→consultation n. 咨询，商讨；就诊→consultant n. 顾问，咨询师
71. conserve vt. 保护；保存→conservation n. 保护；保持
72. comprehend vt. 理解，领悟，懂得→comprehension n. 理解力，领悟能力；理解练习
73. cooperate vi. 合作，配合→cooperation n. 合作，协作；协助，配合
知识点2 首字母d~j
74. defend vt. & vi. 保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n. 防御；防卫；保护
75. distinguish vt. & vi. 成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的
76. destruct v. 破坏→destructive adj. 引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destruction n. 破坏
77. die vi. 死亡→death n. 死，死亡；死亡状态→dead adj. 死的
78. devote vt. 致力于；献身→devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的→devotion n. 奉献；挚爱；忠诚
79. design vt. 设计；制订 n. 设计；设计艺术→designer n. 设计师
80. determine vt. 确定；支配；决心 vi. 决心→determined adj. 坚定的；下定决心的→determination n. 决心；决定
81. describe vt. 描写；形容；描绘→description n. 描述，形容，说明
82. decorate vt. & vi. 装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆→decoration n. 装饰；装修；装饰品
83. disturb vt. 使不安；打扰；搅乱→disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj. 感到不安的
84. demonstrate vt. 表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi. 游行示威→demonstration n. 表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威
85. demand vt. 需要；强烈要求 →demanding adj. (工作)要求高的，费力的；(人)苛求的
86. distribute vt. 分配；散布；分发→distribution n. 分发，分送；分配，分布
87. differ vi. 相异；意见相左→different adj. 不同的→differently adv. 不同地→difference n. 不同之处
88. donate vt. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)→donation n. 捐赠→donator n. 捐赠者
89. deliver vt. 递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出→delivery n. 递送；交付；分娩
90. depart v. 离开；起程；背离→departure n. 离开，起程
91. depress vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→depressed adj. 沮丧的；萧条的→depression n. 抑郁(症)；消沉；萧条(期)
92. discourage vt. 阻止，使气馁→discouraged adj. 灰心的→discouraging adj. 使人灰心的，使人泄气的→discouragement n. 泄气，灰心
93. disappoint vt. 使失望，使沮丧→disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappointment n. 失望，沮丧
94. divide v. 分割；划分；分配→division n. 分歧；分开，分隔
95. equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt. 比得上→equality n. 平等；相等→equally adv. 同样地；相等地；公平地
96. explode vi. 爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发 vt. 使爆炸→explosion n. 爆炸；爆发
97. explore vt. & vi. 探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n. 探险；探索，探究→explorer n. 探险者
98. equip v. 配备；装备→equipment n. 配备，装备；设备
99. exist vi. 存在；生活，生存→existence n. 生存；存在→existing adj. 目前的，现有的
100. enter v. 进入→entrance n. 进入，出场；入口；准许加入；进入权→entry n. 进入
101. extinct adj. 灭绝的，绝种的→extinction n. 灭绝，绝种
102. erupt vi. & vt. (火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n. 爆发
103. establish vt. 建立(关系或联系)；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定→establishment n. 建立；设立
104. entertain v. 使快乐；招待，款待→entertainment n. 娱乐活动；招待，娱乐→entertaining adj. 令人愉快的
105. expand vt. & vi. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述→expansion n. 扩大；扩张；扩充
106. employ vt. 运用，使用；雇用→employer n. 雇主→employee n. 雇员→employment n. 雇用；就业→unemployment n. 失业；失业率
107. expect vt. 预期；预料；期待；指望 vi. 认为；料想→expectation n. 希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望
108. expose vt. 暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿；使遭受；使接触→exposure n. 暴露；揭露；接触→exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；无保护的
190. extend vi. & vt. 延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展→extension n. 扩展；延长→extensive adj. 广泛的；广阔的
110. exhibit v. 展览，展出→exhibition n. 展览，展出
111. engage vt. & vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系→engagement n. 婚约；约会→engaged adj. 忙于，从事于
112. envy n. & vt. 羡慕，忌妒→envious adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的
113. elect vt. 选举；推选→election n. 选举，推选；当选
114. examine vt. 检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问→examination n. 考试；检查
115. encourage vt. 鼓励→encouraged adj. 鼓舞的→encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的
116. educate vt. 教育→educator n. 教育工作者；教育(学)家→educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的→education n. 教育
117. embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬；使困惑；使为难→embarrassed adj. 窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的→embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的→embarrassment n. 窘迫，难堪；使人为难的人或事物；拮据
118. evaluate vt. 评估，估计，评价→evaluation n. 评价；估价
119. finance vt. 提供资金→financial adj. 财政的；金融的；资金的
120. fold v. 折叠；对折(纸、织物等) →unfold vi. & vt. 开花；展开，打开；展示，展现
121. freeze v. 将……冷冻，冻僵→frozen adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→freezing adj. 严寒的，冰冻的
122. fascinate vt. & vi. 深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj. 迷人的，吸引人的
123. fail vi. & vt. 失败；不及格→failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障
124. frighten vt. 使恐惧→frightened adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
125. favour(AmE favor) vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒→favourable adj. 赞同的，支持的；有利的→favourite adj. 最喜爱的
126. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生→graduation n. 毕业
127. greet vt. 问候，欢迎，招呼→greeting n. 问候，招呼；(pl. )祝词；贺词
128. guide vt. 带领；引导 n. 向导→guidance n. 指导；导航
129. hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n. 犹豫，迟疑→hesitant adj. 犹豫的，踌躇的
130. hunt vi. & vt. 寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀；追捕→hunter n. 猎人
131. harm n. & vt. 伤害，损害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的
132. innovate v. 创新；改革；革新→innovation n. 创造，创新；新思想，新方法
133. impress vt. & vi. 使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→impression n. 印象；效果→impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的
134. injure vt. 伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n. 伤害→injured adj. 受伤的
135. inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知→information n. 信息→informed adj. 有学问的；有见识的
136. inspire vt. 激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspired adj. 受鼓舞的→inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
137. improve vt. & vi. 改进，改善→improvement n. 改进
138. ignore vt. 忽视，对……不予理会→ignorant adj. 无知的→ignorance n. 无知
139. indicate vt. 表明；暗示；提及；指出→indication n. 表明；暗示
140. involve vt. 包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加→involved adj. 有关的；卷入的；复杂的
141. intend vi. & vt. 想要，计划；意指→intention n. 目的；意图；打算
142. illustrate vt. 说明，解释；加插图于→illustration n. 图解，图示
143. imply vt. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n. 含义；暗示；影响
144. inspect vt. 检查；视察；审视→inspection n. 检查，查看，审视；视察
145. investigate vt. & vi. 侦查，调查；研究→investigation n. 调查；研究
146. infect v. 传染，感染→ infection n. 传染，感染→infected adj. 被感染的→infectious adj. 传染的；易传染的
147. identify vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份→identity n. 身份；本身
148. inquire vt. & vi. 询问，打听→inquiry n. 调查；询问，打听
149. invest v. 投资；投入→investment n. 投资；投入
150. influence vt. 影响→influential adj. 有很大影响力的，有支配力的
151. interrupt vt. 打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi. 打扰，插嘴→interruption n. 打扰，插嘴
152. judge vt. & vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n. 法官；裁判员→judg(e)ment n. 判断
153. justify vt. 证明……正当；替……辩护→justified adj. 合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的
知识点3 首字母l~q
154. limit n. & vt. 限制→limited adj. 有限的→limitation n. 限制；局限；极限
155. locate v. 把……安置在；确定……的位置→location n. 外景拍摄地；地方，地点
156. lack vi. & vt. 缺乏，没有，不足，短缺→lacking adj. 没有的；缺乏的；不足的
157. liberate vt. 解放，使自由，摆脱→liberation n. 解放，摆脱
158. marry v. 结婚→marriage n. 结婚，婚姻；已婚状态
159. mix v. (使)混合，(使)结合→mixture n. 混合物；混合，结合→mixed adj. 复杂的；混合的
160. motivate vt. 激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→motivation n. 动力；诱因；干劲
161. negotiate vi. & vt. 谈判；商定，达成(协议)→negotiation n. 谈判；磋商
162. observe vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝→observation n. 观察；监视→observer n. 观察者；观测者
163. organize vt. 组织→organization n. 组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organizer n. 组织者→organized adj. 有组织的；有条理的
164. occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于→occupied adj. 已占用的；无空闲的；使用中的→occupation n. 工作；职业；占领；居住；使用
165. operate v. 工作；运转；操作；动手术→operator n. 操作人员，技工；接线员→operation n. 手术；运转
166. oppose vt. 反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的→opposition n. 反对；对立
167. propose vt. 提议→proposal n. 提议，建议，动议
168. perform vt. & vi. 表演；表现→performance n. 表现；表演；执行，履行→performer n. 表演者；演员
169. press vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→pressure n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
170. prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢→preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
171. perform vt. 做，履行；表演 vi. 工作，运转；表演→performance n. 表演；表现；执行；性能→performer n. 演员；表演者
172. promote vt. 促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升→promotion n. 促进，推动；促销；晋升
173. predict v. 预言，预知；断言→prediction n. 预言，预测→predictor n. 预言者
174. possess vt. 具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→possession n. 拥有；(pl. )财产；财物
175. persuade vt. 说服；使信服→persuasion n. 说服，劝说；信仰→persuasive adj. 有说服力的
176. participate vi. 参与，参加→participation n. 参加，参与→participant n. 参与者
177. permit vt. & vi. 允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n. 许可证→permission n. 允许，许可
178. present v. 颁发，授予；提出，提交；呈现，展现→presentation n. 幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出
179. prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令
180. poison vt. 污染；毒死，毒害→poisonous adj. 有毒的
181. qualify vt. & vi. (使)具有资格，(使)合格→qualification n. 资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准→qualified adj. 有资格的，胜任的
知识点4 首字母r~t
182. respect vt. 尊敬，敬重；方面→respectful adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的→respectable adj. 值得尊敬的；体面的
183. respond vi. & vt. 回答，回应；作出反应，响应→response n. 回复；反应，响应
184. recover vi. 恢复健康；恢复常态 vt. 全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→recovery n. 恢复
185. reflect v. 反思；反射→reflection n. 沉思；反射；映像；反映
186. recognize vt. 承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→recognition n. 认出；认可；承认
187. revise vt. 改变，修改；修订；复习→revision n. 复习
188. recommend vt. 推荐，举荐；劝告，建议→recommendation n. 推荐；建议；介绍信
189. represent vt. 代表；为……代言；体现→representative n. 代表；典型人物 adj. 有代表性的；典型的
190. reserve vt. 预订；预留；保留→reservation n. 预约，预订；保留
191. resist v. 抵抗；抗拒→resistance n. 抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的
192. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述→related adj. 有关系的；有关联的→relation n. 关系→relationship n. 关系
193. restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束→restriction n. 限制，约束→restricted adj. 受限制的
194. react vi. 反应→reaction n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
195. retire vi. & vt. 退休，退职；退出(房间、比赛等)→retirement n. 退休
196. rely vi. 依靠；依赖→reliable adj. 可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的
197. reject vt. 拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥，排异→rejection n. 抛弃；拒绝；被抛弃的东西
198. refer v. 查阅；参考，谈到→reference n. 提到；参考；推荐信
199. satisfy vt. 使……满意→satisfied adj. 满意的→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的
200. stress vt. 强调，着重→stressed adj. 焦虑不安的→stressful adj. 产生压力的；紧张的
201. suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；变差 vt. 遭受，蒙受→suffering n. 痛苦，苦难→sufferer n. 患者，受难者
202. solve v. 解决；处理→solution n. 解决方法，处理手段；答案
203. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意→satisfaction n. 满意；满足，达到→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满足的；(感到)满意的
204. select vt. 选择，挑选→selection n. 选择，挑选
205. settle vi. & vt. 定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置→settler n. 移居者；殖民者→settlement n. 解决；定居点
206. survive vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存，幸免于难→survival n. 幸存；生还→survivor n. 幸存者
207. shock n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt. 使震惊；使气愤→shocking adj. 令人震惊的→shocked adj. 感到震惊的
208. scare vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕 n. 恐慌；惊吓→scared adj. 害怕的→scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的
209. surround vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→surrounding adj. 周围的→surroundings n. 周围的环境
210. suit v. 对……合适；合身；适合；使适宜→suitable adj. 合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的
211. starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿，(使)饿死→starvation n. 挨饿；饿死
212. tolerate vt. 容忍；允许→tolerance n. 容忍；允许→tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的
213. treat vt. 治疗；对待；处理→treatment n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理
214. tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看→tendency n. 趋势；倾向；偏好
215. transport vt. 运输，运送 →transportation n. 运输；交通工具，运输工具
216. transform vi. & vt. (使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→transformation n. 转化；转换；变形
217. threat n. 威胁，恐吓→threaten vt. 危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓
知识点5 首字母u~z
218. volunteer vi. & vt. 主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者→voluntary adj. 志愿的
219. vary v. 变化→variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→various adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的
220. urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 →urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的→urgency n. 紧急；急迫
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必记名词派生词
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9
个
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知识点1 首字母a~g
1. anger n. 怒气，怒火→angry adj. 生气的，愤怒的
2. apology n. 道歉→apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪
3. accident n. 意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇→accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的
4. anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望→anxious adj. 焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的→anxiously adv. 焦急地；担忧地
5. agriculture n. 农业，农学→agricultural adj. 农业的；农艺的
6. alcohol n. 酒精，酒→alcoholic adj. 酒精的；含酒精的 n. 酒鬼；嗜酒如命者
7. ambition n. 野心，雄心；抱负→ambitious adj. 宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的
8. beauty n. 美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的→beautify vt. 美化；使更美丽
9. classic n. 经典作品，名著→classical adj. 古典的；经典的
merce n. 商务，商业，贸易→commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的→commercially adv. 商业上，贸易上
11. commerce n. 商业；贸易→commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的→commercially adv. 商业上
12. critic n. 批评家；评论家；评论员→critical adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→critically adv. 批判性地→criticism n. 批评，指责→criticize vt. 批评，批判
13. crime n. 罪，罪行；犯罪活动→criminal n. 罪犯 adj. 犯罪的，犯法的
14. chemical n. 化学制品 adj. 化学的；化学作用的→chemistry n. 化学 →chemist n. 化学家
15. detail n. 细节；具体情况→detailed adj. 详细的
16. dust n. 沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃→dusty adj. 布满灰尘的
17. effect n. 效果，作用；影响→effective adj. 有效的；生效的
18. energy n. 精力；活力；能量→energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
19. economy n. 经济→economic adj. 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economical adj. 节约的；经济的→economist n. 经济学家→economics n. 经济学
20. exception n. 例外→exceptional adj. 杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的
21. ecology n. 生态，生态学→ecological adj. 生态的，生态学的→ecologist n. 生态学家
22. fortune n. 运气；命运→fortunately adv. 幸运地，幸亏→fortunate adj. 幸运的
23. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj. 时尚的；流行的
24. fog n. 雾→foggy adj. 有雾的，雾茫茫的
25. factual adj. 事实的，真实的→factually adv. 真实地→fact n. 事实
26. finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理→financial adj. 财政的；金融的；资金的
27. global adj. 全球的；全面的→globe n. 球体；地球
28. greed n. 贪婪→greedy adj. 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的→greedily adv. 贪婪地，贪心地
29. gift n. 礼物；天赋；赠品→gifted adj. 有才华的，有天赋的
30. guilt n. 内疚；犯罪；有罪→guilty adj. 感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的
知识点2 首字母h~n
31. horror n. 恐怖电影(或故事等)；震惊，恐惧→horrible adj. 可怕的；令人恐惧的
32. history n. 历史→historian n. 史学工作者，历史学家→historical adj. 有关历史的→historic adj. 有历史意义的
33. harmony n. 融洽，和睦；和谐→harmonious adj. 和谐的
34. influence n. 影响(力)；有影响力的人或事→influential adj. 有很大影响力的，有支配力的
35. journal n. 日记；报纸，杂志→journalist n. 记者；新闻工作者
36. memory n. 记性，记忆力；内存，存储器；回忆→memorize vt. 记住，背熟；记忆→memorial n. 纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物
37. motive n. 原因，动机，目的→motivate vt. 激励；激发
38. mud n. 泥，淤泥→muddy adj. 泥泞的，浑浊的
39. mercy n. 宽恕，仁慈→merciful adj. 仁慈的
40. nation n. 国家；民族→national adj. 国家的；全国的；民族的→nationality n. 国籍；民族
知识点3 首字母o~t
41. occasion n. 时刻；时机；特殊场合，盛会→occasional adj. 偶然的；偶尔的→occasionally adv. 偶尔；有时
42. option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj. 可选择的
43. option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj. 可选择的
44. origin n. 起源→original adj. 起初的；独创的；原作的→originally adv. 最初
45. origin n. 起源，起因；出身→original adj. 起初的；原来的；首创的；独创的 n. 原著；原作→originally adv. 原来，起初
46. profession n. 职业，专业→professional adj. 职业的，专业的 n. 专门人员，专业人士→professor n. 教授，讲师
47. power n. 电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj. 强有力的；强大的；有权势的→powerless adj. 无力的；无能的
48. politics n. 政治(学)→politician n. 政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→political adj. 政治的
49. poison n. 毒物，毒药→poisonous adj. 有毒的
50. romance n. 爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情→romantic adj. 浪漫的；爱情的；(Romantic)浪漫主义的
51. relief n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt. 减轻；缓和
52. recreation n. 娱乐，消遣→recreational adj. 消遣的；娱乐的
53. science n. 科学→scientific adj. 科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→scientist n. 科学家
54. shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧→ashamed adj. 惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→shameful adj. 可耻的，丢脸的
55. system n. 系统；制度，体制→systematic adj. 系统化的，有条理的→systematically adv. 有条理地
56. tradition n. 传统，传统的信仰(或风俗)→traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的→traditionally adv. 传统上
57. talent n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj. 有才能的
知识点4 首字母u~z
58. universe n. 宇宙，天地万物→universal adj. 普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的
59. wool n. 毛织物；羊毛→woollen (AmE woolen) adj. 毛纺的；羊毛的
(
必记形容词派生词
86
个
)
知识点1 首字母a~g
1. aware adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的→awareness n. 意识；认识
2. appropriate adj. 合适的→appropriately adv. 适当地；合适地
3. automatic adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的→automatically adv. 无意识地；自动地
4. actual adj. 真实的；实际的→actually adv. 实际上，事实上
5. absolute adj. 绝对的，完全的→absolutely adv. 绝对地，完全地；极其
6. able adj. 有能力的→enable vt. 使能够，使可行→ability n. 能力
7. anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv. 焦急地→anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望
8. appropriate adj. 合适的→appropriately adv. 适当地；合适地
9. accurate adj. 正确无误的；精确的→accurately adv. 精确地；准确地→accuracy n. 准确(性)；精确(程度)
10. absent adj. 缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的→absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席
11. brief adj. 简洁的，简单的；短时间的→briefly adv. 简洁地，简单地
12. broad adj. 广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的→broadly adv. 广泛地→broaden vt. 变宽，扩大……的范围
13. confident adj. 自信的→confidence n. 信心，信任；把握
14. classic n. 经典作品，名著→classical adj. 古典的；经典的
15. convenient adj. 便利的，方便的，省事的，实用的→convenience n. 方便，便利；便利设施
16. consequent adj. 随之发生的→consequence n. 结果，后果；重要性→consequently adv. 因此；结果
17. curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的→curiosity n. 好奇，好奇心→curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地
ic adj. 滑稽的；喜剧的→comedy n. 喜剧→comedian n. 喜剧演员；滑稽演员
19. constant adj. 持续不断的→constantly adv. 不断地；始终，一直
20. distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的→distance n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
21. disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷，障碍
22. deep adj. 深的；深厚的→depth n. 最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚→deeply adv. 极其；至深处；强烈地→deepen v. (使情感，感觉)加强，变强烈
23. evident adj. 明显的→evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证→evidently adv. 明显地，显而易见
24. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerly adv. 渴望地→eagerness n. 渴望
25. efficient adj. 效率高的，有功效的→efficiency n. 效率；效能
26. extreme adj. 极端的；严重的 n. 极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→extremely adv. 极端地
27. entire adj. 完全的→entirely adv. 完全地，全部地，完整地
28. enthusiastic adj. 热情的，热心的→enthusiasm n. 热心，热忱，热情
29. extensive adj. 广阔的；大量的；广泛的；广博的→extensively adv. 广阔地；广泛地
30. fluent adj. (尤指外语)流利的，熟练的→fluently adv. 流利地；流畅地→fluency n. 流利；流畅
31. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的→unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的→familiariz(s)e v. (使)熟悉，了解，通晓→familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓，认识
32. frequent adj. 频繁的，经常的 v. 常去，常到(某处)→frequently adv. 频繁地，经常→frequency n. 频率，频繁
33. frank adj. 坦率的，直率的→frankly adv. 坦率地
34. formal adj. (穿着、言语、行为等)适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的→informal adj. 非正式的，不正规的→formally adv. 正式地；按传统
35. further adj. 更多的，更进一步的 adv. 较远，更远；进一步 vt. 促进，增进→far adj. & adv. 远的(地)→farther adj. & adv. 更远的/地→furthest/farthest adj. & adv. 最远的/地
36. free adj. 自由的；免费的→freedom n. 自由→freely adv. 自由地
37. frequent adj. 频繁的→frequency n. 发生率，出现率；频繁；频率→frequently adv. 频繁地
38. fresh adj. 新鲜的→refresh v. 使恢复精力；使想起→refreshed adj. 恢复了精力的，精神振作的→refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的；使人精力充沛的
39. gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的→gently adv. 轻柔地，温和地
40. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的→generosity n. 慷慨，大方，宽宏大量
41. grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的→gratitude n. 感谢；感激
42. genuine adj. 真诚的，可信赖的；真的，名副其实的→genuinely adv. 真切地，真诚地
知识点2 首字母h~n
43. independent adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的→independence n. 独立
44. instant adj. 立即的，立刻的；方便的→instantly adv. 立即 conj. 一……就……
45. intelligent adj. 有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n. 才智
46. incredible adj. 极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的→incredibly adv. 难以置信地；非常地
47. innocent adj. 无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 →innocence n. 天真；清白
48. legal adj. 合法的；法律的→illegal adj. 不合法的；违法的→legally adv. 法律上，合法地→illegally adv. 违法地，非法地
49. long adj. 长的→length n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→lengthen v. 加长
50. logical adj. 符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→logically adv. 逻辑上；符合逻辑地
51. likely adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的→unlikely adj. 不可能的，无法预料的，没有希望的
52. legal adj. 法律许可的，合法的→illegal adj. 不合法的，非法的→legally adv. 法律上，合法地→illegally adv. 违法地，非法地
53. literary adj. 文学的，文学上的；爱好文学的→literature n. 文学；文献；著作
54. major adj. 主要的，重要的→majority n. 大部分；大多数→(反)minority n. 少数；少数民族
55. mental adj. 思想的，精神的，智力的→mentally adv. 精神上；智力上
56. moral adj. 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n. 品行，道德；寓意→immoral adj. 不道德的
57. normal adj. 正常的，一般的 →normally adv. 通常；正常地→abnormal adj. 不正常的，异常的；畸形的
知识点3 首字母o~z
58. strong adj. 强壮的→strength n. 优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen vt. & vi. 巩固，加强
59. potential adj. 潜在的，可能的→potentially adv. 潜在地，可能地
60. responsible adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n. 责任
61. tense adj. 紧张的→tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸
62. regular adj. 频繁的；有规律的→regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地
63. typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的→typically adv. 典型地；有代表性地；通常
64. personal adj. 个人的；人际的；个性的→personality n. 性格，个性；气质→personally adv. 就个人而言；亲自
65. previous adj. 先前的，以往的；稍前的→previously adv. 先前地；早先
66. significant adj. 有重要意义的，显著的→significance n. 意义；重要性→significantly adv. 显著地；意味深长地
67. permanent adj. 永久的→permanence n. 永久，持久性
68. particular adj. 特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→particularly adv. 特别，尤其
69. sharp adj. 灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv. 急剧地；锋利地→sharpen vt. 使锋利
70. obvious adj. 明显的→obviously adv. 显然，明显地
71. technical adj. 技术的，技能的；专门技术的；专业的→technically adv. 技术上地→technique n. 技术；工艺；技巧
72. responsible adj. 负责的→responsibility n. 责任，负责；职责，义务
73. patient adj. 忍耐的，耐心的 →patience n. 耐心，忍耐力→patiently adv. 耐心地
74. real adj. 真正的；确实的；真实存在的→reality n. 事实，实际经历；现实，实际情况→really adv. 真正地；实际上
75. stable adj. 稳定的；牢固的；稳重的→stability n. 稳定(性)，稳固(性)→stably adv. 稳定地
76. profession n. 行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明→professional adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专业人员
77. psychology n. 心理，心理特征；心理学→psychological adj. 心理的；精神上的；心理学的→psychologically adv. 心理上地；心理学地
78. visible adj. 看得见的；明显的→invisible adj. 看不见的→visibly adv. 易察觉地；明显地
79. permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的→permanence n. 永久性，持久性；永久
80. short adj. 短的；不足的；矮的，低的→shortage n. 不足，短缺→shorten vt. 缩短；减少 vi. 缩短；变短
81. violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv. 猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地→violence n. 暴力，暴行；狂热，激情
82. social adj. 社会的；社交的→socialist adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者→society n. 社会→socialism n. 社会主义
83. prior adj. 在前的；优先的，占先的→priority n. 优先，优先权；重点
84. rude adj. 粗鲁的，无礼的，粗野的→rudeness n. 无礼貌；粗野；粗鲁
85. relevant adj. 紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的→relevance n. 关联，相关性→relevantly adv. 相关地→irrelevant adj. 不相关的，无关紧要的
86. tight adj. 牢固的；严格的，密集的；亲密的→tighten v. (使)变紧，加强→tightly adv. 紧紧地，牢固
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Passage 1
(2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新高考I卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56.________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 57.________ earliest binary - based(基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting - edge technology and contemporary art," says Tu. “We hope 58.________(present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. ”
"In a Go game, each move should serve a long - term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘59.________(guide)’ till they lose," explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players' personalities 60.________(reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent," she adds. “A decent winner always 61.________(try) to beat the opponent 62.________ no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态) of respect for the other side. "
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63.________(strategy) placement of the pieces, 64.________ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65.________(digital) generated pictures and silk - screen prints for the exhibition.
重点词汇
1. ________ adj. 当代的
2. ________ adj. 抽象的
3. ________ adj. 视觉的
4. ________ n. 指导；指引
5. ________ v. 揭示；展现
6. ________ v. 暴露
7. ________ adj. 得体的
8. ________ n. 策略
9. ________ n. 能量
10. ________ adj. 数字的
11. ________________根据……
12. ________________负责
13. ________________暴露，接触
熟词生义
go 熟义：去；文章义：n. ________
派生词
1. exhibit v. 展览→________ n. 展览
2. minimum adj. 最小的→________ adj. 极简主义的
3. concept n. 概念→________ adj. 概念的
合成词
1. binary+ base= binary - based adj. ________
2. art+ work = artwork n. ________
3. cut +edge= cutting - edge adj. ________
长难句分析
1. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, which originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
分析：本句的主干是An exhibition is featuring artwork，是主谓宾结构。at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai是________，修饰主语An exhibition；inspired by Go是________，修饰宾语artwork；or weiqi in Chinese是Go的同位语；which originated in China more than 4,000 years ago是一个________从句，修饰先行词Go。
翻译：上海久事美术馆正在展出一系列受围棋(中文称“围棋”)启发的艺术作品，围棋起源于4000多年前的中国。
2. We hope to present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
分析：本句的主语是We，谓语是hope，to present. . . 和initiate. . . 是并列的动词不定式结构作________。the rather abstract Go game and AI是present的________，in a visual context是状语；dialogues是initiate的________，with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism是________，修饰dialogues。
翻译：我们希望在视觉情境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义展开对话。
一. 阅读理解
A
Imagine a future where the most powerful computers aren’t made of silicon chips, but are grown from living cells. This is the ambitious goal of synthetic(合成) biology, and a team from MIT has just taken a groundbreaking step. They have successfully engineered common baker’s yeast(酵母) cells to perform basic computational operations, effectively turning them into tiny, self-reproducing biological computers.
Traditional computers process information using a binary(二进制) code of 0s and 1s, represented by electrical currents. The MIT team’s system, however, works differently. They redesigned the yeast’s genetic circuits so that specific combinations of chemicals act as “input” signals. When the yeast cell detects these chemical clues, it triggers a chain of internal gene expression, ultimately leading to a visible “output” — for example, the cell giving off a green light under a microscope to signal a “YES” answer, or remaining dull for a “NO”.
This achievement, published in Science, is revolutionary for several reasons. First, these biological computers are incredibly energy-efficient, running on the same sugar nutrients the yeast uses to grow. Second, they are self-assembling and self-repairing, properties no silicon-based machine possesses. Most importantly, they can operate in complex, liquid environments inside the body or in ecosystems, where traditional electronics fail.
The immediate application lies in smart diagnostics(诊断). Imagine taking in a capsule containing these engineered yeast cells. They could travel through your body, detect specific disease markers, and produce a clear visual signal in your waste, offering a cheap and safe diagnostic tool. In the longer term, such “wetware” computers could monitor environmental pollution or even direct the behavior of future living machines.
Of course, significant challenges remain. The “calculation” speed of cells is currently far slower than that of electronic computers, and designing reliable, complex genetic circuits is immensely difficult. Yet, this research lights the path to a future where computation is smoothly woven into the fabric of life itself.
1. How does the biological computer indicate its output
A. By giving off an observable signal. B. By detecting specific chemical clues.
C. By activating gene expression chains. D. By using a combination of chemicals.
2. What powers the biological computer
A. Sugar nutrients that support yeast growth.
B. A capsule containing engineered yeast cells.
C. The process of assembling and repairing itself.
D. Electrical energy generated by genetic circuits.
3. What might challenge the development of biological computers
A. Finding a more energetic organism. B. Overcoming major ethical concerns.
C. Improving genetic engineering design. D. Developing faster electronic computers.
4. Which of the following is the best title for this article
A. A Brighter Future: How Yeast Will Diagnose Disease
B. Encode Information: The Making of a Bio-Supercomputer
C. The End of Silicon: Why living Computers Are Taking Over
D. Compute Differently: Engineering Cells to Process Information
二. 阅读理解七选五
Does the thought of public speaking make you nervous Would you rather get caught in a storm than give a speech ____1____ There are two main elements that make up a good oral(口头的) report — the writing and the presentation. Follow the guidelines below, and there will be clear skies ahead.
Writing Your Material
Try to keep your sentences short and simple. To be most effective, hit your key points in the introduction, explain them in the body, and then repeat them once again in your conclusion. “Introduction” is your chance to engage your audience and really capture their interest in the subject you are presenting. ____2____ “Body” is the longest part of your report. Here you explain the facts and ideas you want to convey. Give information that supports your main idea, and expand on it with specific examples or details. “Conclusion” is the time to summarize the information and emphasize your most important points to the audience one last time.
Preparing Your Delivery
____3____ Confidence, enthusiasm, and energy are key to delivering an effective oral report, and they can best be achieved through tryouts. Ask family and friends to be your practice audience and give you their opinion when you’re done. The more times you practice, the more you’ll master the material.
Present it with everything you’ve got. Be as creative as you can. Include videos, sound clips, slide presentations, charts, diagrams and photos. Visual aids help stimulate your audience’s senses and keep them interested and engaged. ____4____
Keep your nerves under control. ____5____ That’s normal. Preparation is the key. And if you make a mistake or struggle on your words, just regroup and keep going. Nobody’s perfect, and nobody expects you to be.
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Confidence is significant.
C. They can also help to enhance your key points.
D. Giving an oral report does not have to be a natural disaster.
E. Everyone gets a little nervous when speaking in front of a group.
F. You don’t want to convey too much information to your audience.
G. Use a funny personal experience or start with an interesting question.
三. 完形填空
One day, hundreds of people were stuck in traffic on the highway in below-freezing temperatures due to a snowstorm. With the conditions making it ____1____ for rescue workers to help, many were trapped overnight with no access to ____2____.
But one stuck driver found a ____3____ spot in the despair. As she was sitting in her car fearing the ____4____, Casey Holihan and her husband, John Noe, ____5____ a bread truck just ahead of them in the jam. Willing to try just about anything, they called the customer service number listed on the back of the truck and left a ____6____ begging for the driver to open the back and ____7____ bread to the hungry passengers around them. It was a last-ditch effort, and the couple wasn’t very ____8____ about getting a response. But to their ____9____ they soon received a phone call from the company’s owner, Chuck Paterakis, with the news that he was ____10____ the truck’s driver to open up and pass out loaves of bread from his cargo. Overjoyed by the news, Holihan and Noe ____11____ the truck’s driver to bring much-needed things to the cars around them.
The simple loaves of bread were surely a ray of ____12____ in an impossibly disturbing situation. Holihan herself calls it “one of the ____13____ moments” she’s ever witnessed. This company could have made a(n) ____14____ from the bread but instead chose to help the people around them. That is just so incredible that someone chose ____15____ over profit, especially in a situation where people were so desperate.
1. A. stressful B. effortless C. practical D. difficult
2. A. water B. necessities C. bread D. blankets
3. A. new B. familiar C. bright D. strange
4. A. least B. best C. most D. worst
5. A. spotted B. realized C. stared D. knew
6. A. number B. message C. note D. clue
7. A. lend B. sell C. distribute D. send
8. A. upset B. optimistic C. excited D. anxious
9. A. relief B. regret C. surprise D. credit
10. A. consulting B. guiding C. begging D. instructing
11. A. kept up with B. teamed up with C. met up with D. put up with
12. A. hope B. truth C. inspiration D. faith
13. A. happiest B. bravest C. kindest D. friendliest
14. A. profit B. difference C. living D. contribution
15. A. welfare B. fame C. award D. humanity
四. 语法填空
New mammals are stepping into the spotlight as “diplomats(外交官)”. Golden snub-nosed monkeys from central China have begun making ___1___(they) way to European zoos as part of an initiative similar to “panda diplomacy”.
Golden snub-nosed monkeys have ___2___ deep history in China and have been featured in artwork. They are recognizable by their striking golden-orange fur and hairless blue face. The monkeys not just feed on fruits and seeds, ___3___ they also eat insects. They turn gray-brown in summer, and each winter they regrow the thick orange coat that helps them stand freezing temperatures in the high mountains of the Xizang Plateau, ___4___ they live.
The species is endangered, with about 8,000 to 15,000 individuals ___5___(live) in the wild. They face major threats, including habitat loss due to deforestation, as well as illegal hunting. Since golden snub-nosed monkeys are native only ___6___ China, they can’t leave the country without government approval.
China is hoping ___7___(save) these monkeys just as it did with pandas, which also live only in the country. After ___8___(success) conservation efforts, pandas ___9___(remove) from the endangered species list and reclassified as vulnerable in 2016. To date, six golden “ambassadors” have brought China’s goodwill abroad, which is a great step toward greater public ___10___(aware), scientific research and conservation.
五. 读后续写
My uncle, my mother’s brother, was the one who loved me greatly. It was his birthday, and I wanted to do something really special for him. So I decided to bake a birthday cake for him from zero all by myself.
Having already brought my trusty oven into the kitchen, I set about the business of gathering the necessary materials and preparing for the task at hand, with the help of my mother. Now it was time to bake. I felt just like a great cook, as my hands skillfully measured and mixed ingredients, making sure that everything was absolutely perfect. This was no ordinary cake, you see. It was created with love especially for my uncle on his very special day.
I slaved for hours to get that tiny little cake picture perfect. Finally it was done. It was the most beautiful cake I had ever seen. It was definitely worth the extra effort and hard work that I had put into it with patience that only came from pride in one’s efforts.
My masterpiece was a tiny, two-layer white cake with silky-smooth fudge frosting(软糖糖霜) and one little blue candle for decoration. I could barely wait until five o’clock to surprise my uncle with his special gift, painstakingly created by my two little hands.
Overjoyed at the prospect of finally getting to present my uncle with his cake and wish him a very happy birthday, I raced out the door with cake in hand. In my haste, I failed to notice that it had rained. The steps beside the porch were wet. Rushing blindly off the porch, I hit the slippery steps and realized with horror the disaster that was about to happen. Everything seemed to be in slow motion as my feet flew out from under me, and my cake flew high into the air. Only seconds after my pride hit the ground, my beautiful cake came crashing down beside me with a loud sound! When I looked over at the little broken cake, my heart broke too.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My mother, who had been watching from the window, came to my rescue.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I arrived at my uncle’s house on time, with my cake still perfect.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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