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清单04 必记一词多义与熟词生义
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必记一词多义
/
熟词生义
)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
单词 一词多义/熟词生义
1. address n. 地址；演讲 v. 设法解决；处理；对付 。
2. senior adj. 中学的；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员
3. breakdown n. 故障；垮掉;(对庞杂信息的)分类，分析，明细 。
4. goal n. 目标；进球得分
5. individual n. 个人adj. 单独的，个别的
6. character n. 品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字
7. junior adj. 地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员
8. focus n. 焦点，重点 vt. & vi. 集中
9. tip n. 指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费
10. aim n. 目的，目标 vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对
11. material n. 材料；素材 adj. 物质的，实际的；客观存在的
12. host n. 主人；东道主；主持人 vt. 主办；主持
13. tough adj. 艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的
14. potential n. 潜力；可能性 adj. 潜在的，可能的
15. challenge n. & vt. 挑战；质疑
16. advance n. 进步，进展；前进，行进 vt. & vi. 发展，进步
17. equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt. 比得上
18. balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力
19. base vt. 以……为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部
20. professional adj. 职业的，专业的 n. 专门人员，专业人士
21. alarm n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐，使害怕
22. attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)
23. option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课
24. shoot vi. & vt. (使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影
25. spot n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 vt. 看见
26. target n. (攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt. 把……作为攻击目标；面向
27. view n. 看法；视线；景色 vt. 把……视为；观看
28. expert n. 专家，行家 adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的
29. account n. 账户；描述；解释 vt. 认为是，视为
30. rent n. 租金 vi. & vt. 租用；出租
31. figure n. 数字；人物；体形，身材
32. operate n. 手术；运转，操作
33. flat n. 公寓 adj. 平坦的；瘪了的
34. scene n. (戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光
35. normal adj. 正常的，一般的 n. 常态，通常标准
36. stress n. 精神压力，紧张；强调 vt. 强调，着重
37. press vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊
38. secure adj. 安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt. 获得，得到；保卫
39. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生
40. volunteer vi. & vt. 主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者
41. perform vt. 做，履行；表演 vi. 工作，运转；表演
42. give out 分发；用完，耗尽
43. medium n. 传播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具 adj. 中等的，中号的
44. sight n. 视野；视力；看见
45. case n. 具体情况，事例；案件；容器
46. trick vt. 欺骗，欺诈 n. 诡计，花招；戏法
47. quality n. 品德，素质；质量；特征 adj. 优质的，高质量的
48. measure vt. 估量，判定；测量 n. 措施；衡量
49. escape vi. & vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n. 逃离，逃脱
pany n. 陪伴，做伴；公司
51. original adj. 起初的；独创的；原作的 n. 原件，原稿
52. crowd n. 一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt. 挤满，使拥挤 vi. 聚集；挤，涌
53. recover vi. 恢复健康；恢复常态 vt. 全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制
54. judge vt. & vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n. 法官；裁判员
55. suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；变差 vt. 遭受，蒙受
56. explode vi. 爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发 vt. 使爆炸
57. benefit n. 优势，益处，成效 vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于
58. respect vt. 尊重，尊敬 n. 尊敬，敬意；重视；方面
fort vt. 宽慰，抚慰 n. 舒服；安慰
60. failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障
61. plastic adj. 可塑的；塑料的 n. 塑料
62. function vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能
63. attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击
64. content n. 内容；目录 adj. 满意的
65. type n. 类型，种类 vt. & vi. 打字
66. sheet n. 一张(纸)；床单，被单；薄片
67. approach n. 方法；接近，靠近 vt. 接近，靠近；处理
68. lecture n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 vi. 开讲座，讲课 vt. 指责，训斥
69. award n. 奖，奖品，奖金 vt. 授予，给予
70. title n. 名称，标题；称号；职位名称
71. fancy adj. 复杂的；花哨的；昂贵的 vt. 想要，想做；倾慕
72. narrow adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt. & vi. (使)窄小，缩小
73. wave vi. & vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞 n. 海浪；大量涌现
74. attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上
75. adapt vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应
76. classic n. 经典作品，名著 adj. 经典的；古典的
77. cure n. 药物，疗法；治疗 vt. 治好
78. bat n. 蝙蝠；球棒，球板 vt. & vi. 用球棒(板)击球
79. range n. (变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列
80. tissue n. (人、动植物细胞的)组织；(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸
81. update vt. 使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n. 最新消息
82. court n. 球场；法院，法庭；宫廷
83. position n. 处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位
84. master n. 大师，能手；主人 vt. 精通，掌握；控制
85. assume vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露
86. tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看
87. average adj. 平均的；普通的；n. 平均数；平均水平；v. 平均为；计算出……的平均数
88. admit v. 承认； 准许进入(或加入)； 接纳；可容纳
89. band n. 乐队，乐团；一伙，一帮；带，箍
90. twist vi. & vt. 扭转，转动；使弯曲；曲折 n. 转动；转折；曲折处
91. march vi. 齐步走，前进；游行示威 n. 游行示威；行进
92. current n. 水流，潮流；电流；思潮 adj. 当前的；通用的
93. stuff n. 东西，物品；活儿，话 vt. 填满，装满；把……塞进
94. chain n. 链子，链条；一系列；连锁店 vt. 用锁链拴住
95. honour n. 尊敬，尊重；荣幸；荣誉 vt. 尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守
96. duty n. 责任，义务；上班，值班；职责；税
97. sort n. 种类，类别 vt. 整理，分类；妥善处理
98. tear n. 眼泪，泪珠 vt. & vi. (tore, torn)撕裂，撕碎
99. promote vt. 促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升
100. observe vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝
101. settle vi. & vt. 定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置
102. launch vt. 使(船)下水；开始从事，发动 n. 上市；发射，发起
103. feature n. 特色，特征 vt. 以……为特色，是……的特征
104. issue n. 重要议题，争论的问题；问题，担忧；(报刊)一期 vt. 宣布，公布
105. mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 v. 意味，打算
106. stage n. 舞台；阶段；步骤 vt. 上演，举办
107. appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n. 吸引力；申诉；呼吁，恳求
108. reflect vt. & vi. 反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思
109. transport vt. 运输，运送 n. 交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输
110. mass n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj. 大批的，广泛的
111. living adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的 n. 生计，谋生；生活方式
112. track vt. & vi. 跟踪，追踪 n. 足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
113. chief n. 首领，最高领导人 adj. 主要的；首席的
114. protest vi. 反对，抗议 vt. 反对；坚持声称，申辩 n. 抗议，反对
115. profit n. 利润，收益；好处 vi. & vt. 获益，得到好处
116. process n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt. 加工，处理
117. branch n. (政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支
118. official n. 官员，要员 adj. 公务的；正式的，官方的
119. apply v. 应用；申请；涂；有关；运用
120. signal vi. & vt. 发信号，示意；标志 n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
121. roll n. 名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi. & vt. 翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起
122. supply n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt. 供应，供给，提供
123. staff n. 全体职工；管理人员 vt. 在……工作，任职于
124. slide n. 幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi. & vt. 滑行；逐渐陷入
125. flood n. 洪水，水灾；大量 vi. & vt. 淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
126. bar 酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt. 封；阻挡；阻止
127. power n. 电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量
128. sharp adj. 灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的
129. bet vi. & vt. (用……) 打赌；(与……) 打赌; vt. 敢说；确信n. [C] 打赌；赌金
ment n. 议论，评论；批评，指责 vi. & vt. 表达意见
131. access n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt. 到达，进入；使用
132. deliver vt. 递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出; 助产，接生
133. instant adj. 立即的，立刻的；方便的 n. 瞬间，片刻；某一时刻
134. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢
135. take off 脱下；飞机起飞；在某段时间休假；开始成功
136. bring up 提出，呕吐；抚养，养育；教育
137. extract n. 提取物；选录 vt. 提取；选录；取出；设法得到
138. experiment n. 实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi. 做试验，进行实验；尝试
139. trial n. 试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi. & vt. 测试，试验
140. conduct vt. & vi. 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
141. charge vt. & vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管
142. credit n. 赞扬，认可；信用 vt. 存入金额；把……归于
143. favour vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
144. permit vt. & vi. 允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n. 许可证
145. pay off A. 还清(债务)　B. 取得成功，获得好的结果　C. 解雇，遣散
146. refer to v. 查阅，参考；谈到，提及；指的是
147. slice n. 薄片，片；部分，份额 vt. 把……切成片；切开，割破
148. flavor n. 味，味道；特点，特色 vt. 给……调味，加味于
149. native n. 出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人 adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的
150. digest vt. & vi. 消化；领会，理解 n. 摘要，文摘
151. lower vt. 降低，减少；把……放低，使……降下 adj. 下面的；在底部的；低洼的
152. cycle n. 循环；自行车，摩托车 vi. 骑自行车
153. plain adj. 朴素的，简单的；清楚的 n. 平原
154. delicate adj. 精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的
155. association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
156. mild adj. 温和的；温柔的; 温暖的，暖和的; 轻微的；不严重的; 味淡的；不浓
157. accompany vt. 陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏
158. essence n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油
159. strike 突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n. 罢工；袭击；击，打
160. toast n. 吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒 vt. 为……干杯；烤；取暖
161. wage vt. 开始，发动 n. (通常指按周领的)工资，工钱
162. campaign n. (宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt. & vi. 发起运动，参加活动
163. wind v. 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 n. 风，气流
164. decline n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi. & vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝
165. expose vt. 暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿；使遭受；使接触
166. employ vt. 运用，使用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
167. grasp n. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt. 抓紧；领会，理解
plex adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群；复合体；情结
169. reward vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金
170. advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
171. claim n. 声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
172. cast 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n. 全体演员；投，抛
173. owe vt. 欠(情)；欠(债)；归功于；归因于
174. debt n. 人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务
175. representative adj. 典型的，有代表性的 n. 典型人物，代表性人物；代表
176. trap vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼
177. release vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄 n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏
178. bark vi. (狗)吠叫 vt. 厉声发令 n. (狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮
179. mount vi. 逐步增加 vt. 攀登，爬上 n. 山
180. witness vt. & vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象 n. 目击者，见证人；证人
181. chart n. 图表；海图；(the charts)排行榜 vt. 记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图
182. sponsor vt. 赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助 n. 赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人
183. critical adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的
184. tailor vt. 专门制作，定做 n. 裁缝
185. absorb v. 吸收v. 理解，掌握v. 吸引，使专心v. 吞并
186. joint adj. 联合的，共同的 n. 关节；接合处
187. rank vi. & vt. 属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n. 地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔
188. fellow adj. 同类的，同情况的，同伴的 n. 同辈，同类；男人，家伙
189. relay n. 接力赛 vt. 转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播
190. amateur n. 业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj. 业余的
191. handle vt. 处理，应付；控制，操纵 n. 把手，拉手；柄
192. demonstrate vt. 表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi. 游行示威
193. limit n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt. 限制，限定；限量，减量
194. wrestle vi. & vt. 奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤
195. contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n. 合同，合约
196. means 方法，方式；财富，钱财
197. fundamental adj. 十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n. 基本规律，根本法则，基础
198. pace n. 发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vt. & vi. 来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏
199. characteristic n. 特征，特点 adj. 典型的，独特的
200. withdraw 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供
201. patent n. 专利，专利证书 adj. 有专利的，受专利保护的
202. fuel vt. 增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n. 燃料
203. switch vi. & vt. 转变；交换；调班 n. 开关，闸；转变，改变
204. abuse vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
205. affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
206. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
207. adjust vt. & vi. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理
208. evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证 vt. 证明，表明
209. arise v. 起床　v. 由……引起 . v. 起身　v. 出现
210. capacity n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量
211. pose vt. 造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n. 姿势
212. spy vi. 从事间谍活动 vt. 突然看见 n. 间谍
213. monitor vt. 监视，跟踪调查；监听 n. 显示屏；监测器；班长
214. highlight n. 最好(或最精彩)的部分 vt. 突出，强调；使醒目
214. contemporary adj. 当代的，现代的；属同时期的，同一时代的 n. 同代人，同辈人
215. initial adj. 最初的，开始的 n. 首字母
216. finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt. 提供资金
mit vt. 犯(罪)；承诺，保证；花(钱或时间) vi. 全心全意投入，忠于
218. urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n. 冲动，强烈的欲望
219. engage vt. & vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系
220. sample vt. 尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验 n. 样本，样品；取样
221. distinct adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的
222. border n. 国界，边界 vi. & vt. (与……)接壤
223. dot vt. 遍布；使布满，点缀；加点 n. 点
224. unfold vi. & vt. 开花；展开，打开；展示，展现
225. minority n. 少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人
226. manner n. 方式，方法；举止；行为方式；礼貌；礼仪
227. bother vt. 使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi. 花费时间精力(做某事) n. 麻烦，困难
228. discipline vt. 严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练 n. 训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力
229. shelter n. 躲避处；避难所　n. 居所；住处　n. 保护；掩蔽；庇护 vt. 掩蔽；为……提供避难所vi. 躲避；避难
230. occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
231. assistant n. 助手，助理；助教；售货员 adj. 辅助的；助理的；副的
232. log n. 航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi. & vt. 伐木
233. load vt. & vi. 装上，装入 n. 负载；承载量；大量
234. dismiss vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散
235. pack vt. & vi. 塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾；打包；包装 n. 包，包裹；小盒，小包
236. uniform n. 制服；队服 adj. 一致的，统一的
237. hatch vt. 密谋，策划；使孵出 vi. 孵化；孵出
238. plot n. 阴谋；故事情节 vi. & vt. 密谋
238. shift n. 改变，转移；轮班 vi. & vt. (使)移动，(使)转移；改变
239. acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢
240. adopt vt. 采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi. 领养，收养
241. ruin vt. 毁坏，毁灭；使破产 n. 毁坏；破产；(pl. )废墟
242. ban vt. 明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n. 禁令
243. reserve n. 自然保护区；储备 vt. 预订；预留；保留
244. submit vt. & vi. 提交，呈递；屈服
245. embrace vt. & vi. 欣然接受；包含；拥抱
246. anchor n. 锚；给以安全感的人(或物) vi. & vt. 抛锚；使固定
247. wire vt. 给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) n. 金属丝；电线；铁丝网
248. criminal n. 罪犯 adj. 犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的
248. forgive 原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)
249. wrap vt. 包，裹，用……缠绕 n. 披肩，围巾；包裹材料
250. bow n. 蝴蝶结；弓 vi. 鞠躬；低(头)
251. innocent adj. 无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n. 无辜者，单纯的人
252. keen adj. 热衷的，渴望的；喜爱；灵敏的；敏锐的
253. gain vt. & vi. 获得；增进，增长；(从……中)受益 n. 好处，利益
254. gesture n. 手势，姿势；姿态，表示 vt. & vi. 做手势，用手势表示
255. correspond vi. 类似于；相一致，符合；通信
256. accent n. 口音，腔调；重音；着重点，强调 vt. 着重，强调，突出
257. contest n. 比赛，竞赛；争夺，竞争 vt. 争取赢得；争辩，就……提出异议
258. suit vt. 满足需要；相配，合身 n. 套装，西装，西服
259. approve vt. & vi. 赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)
260. slip vi. 滑倒；滑落；溜；陷入 n. 差错；纸条；滑跤
261. labour n. 劳工；劳动，(尤指)体力劳动；分娩期，分娩 vi. 努力做；干苦力活
262. gear vt. 使适合于 n. 排挡，齿轮，传动装置
263. plug vt. 补足，供给；堵塞，封堵 n. 插头，插座
264. premier adj. 最著名的，最成功的，第一的 n. 首相，总理
265. hire vt. & vi. 聘用，雇用；租用 n. 新雇员；租借
266. swing 使)改变；(使)摆动，摇摆 n. 改变；摆动；秋千
267. label n. 标签；(不恰当的)称谓 vt. 贴标签于；(尤指不公正地)把……称为
268. profile n. 概述；形象；侧面轮廓 vt. 概述，写简介
269. convey vt. 表达，传递；传送，运送
270. firm adj. 强有力的，坚决的；坚固的；坚定的；牢固的 n. 商行，公司
271. operate vt. 操作，使运行 vi. 运转，工作；经营，营业
272. superior adj. 更好的，占优势的 n. 级别(或地位、职位)更高的人
273. concrete adj. 确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n. 混凝土
274. blank adj. 空白的 n. 空白处，空格
275. objective adj. 客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n. 目标，目的
276. register vt. & vi. 登记，注册 n. 语体风格，语域；登记表
277. abstract adj. 抽象的，纯理论的 vt. 把……抽象出，提取
278. motor adj. 机动车的，汽车的 n. 发动机，马达
279. drill vt. & vi. 培训，训练；钻(孔) n. 练习，训练；钻，钻头
280. polish vt. & vi. 修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n. 抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛
281. presentation n. 幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出
282. subscribe to 同意，赞成；订购，订阅；捐赠，捐款
283. curtain 窗帘；门帘；帷幕；覆盖物
284. green 绿色的；环保的
285. up to prep. (数目上)达到，忙于……，由…… 决定 生义为 prep. 胜任…… 的，有能力完成(任务)
286. subject n. 科目 生义为 n. 臣民；表现对象；绘画(或拍摄)题材；接受试验者
287. place n. 地点；位置；场所；放置；安放; v. 发出(订单)；订购
288. reject v. 拒绝(提议、请求等); v. 剔除；拒收(不合格产品)
一. 写出下列句子黑体单词的熟词生义
1.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷听力)The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities.
address：熟义: n. 地址；演讲 文章义:__________
2.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A)Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
breakdown: 熟义: n. 故障；垮掉 文章义:__________
3.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A) Batteries are energy - efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services.
plug: 熟义: n. 插头 文章义:__________
4.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A)The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.
green: 熟义: adj. 绿色的 文章义: __________
5.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A)fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.
up to: 熟义: prep. (数目上)达到，忙于……，由…… 决定 文章义：__________
6.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)I found myself wondering just how my students, who 'd created these people, knew their subjects so well.
subject: 熟义：n. 科目 文章义：__________
7.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)7. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
staggering: 熟义：adj. 摇晃的；蹒跚的 文章义：__________
8.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important.
strike: 熟义：v. 打击；罢工；撞击 文章义：__________
9.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance - the ability to connect people, to put us in another's skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
skin: 熟义：n. 皮肤 文章义：__________
10.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解C)Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion "New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through." Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
champion：熟义：n. 冠军；优胜者 文章义：__________
二. 语法填空
(2025新高考Ⅱ卷)I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56 bamboo and tea bushes(灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 57 (center) heating doesn't exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me 58 this one-and to be sure, the first time l came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it's amazing how you can adapt 59 learn in a new environment. Over time, I've found 60 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent(香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance 62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 63 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 64 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders.
重点词汇
1. ________ v. 存在
2. ________ v. 适应
3. ________ n. 过程
4. ________ v. 使干燥
5. ________ v. 发现
6. ________ adj. 新鲜的
7. ________ n. 床单
8. ________ v. 否认
9. ________________久而久之
10. ________________有时
熟词生义
raise 熟词：v. 举起，提高 文章义：v. ________
派生词
1. comfort v. & n. 宽慰，舒服→________ adj. 舒服的
2. extreme adj. 极其的→________ adv. 极其
3. amaze v. 使惊讶→________ adj. 令人惊奇的
合成词
1. cloth+ line = clothesline n. ________
长难句分析
1. Nothing in my life before prepared me for this one - and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.
分析：这是一个并列复合句，由连词and连接两个分句。前一个分句中，Nothing是主语，in my life before是________修饰Nothing，prepared是谓语，me是宾语，for this one是________；后一个分句中，the first time I came here是________从句，其中I came here是定语从句修饰the first time，I是主语，never imagined是谓语，I would ever feel comfortable in this area是________。
句意：我以前的生活经历从未让我为这样的生活做好准备——而且可以肯定的是，我第一次来到这里时，从未想过自己会在这个地方感到自在。
2. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 分析：本句中Growing up是现在分词短语作________，my family and our neighbors是主语，never used是谓语，clotheslines是宾语，to dry clothing是________，denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine是现在分词短语作________，其中to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine是________修饰chance，破折号后面的内容是对one of the great wonders of sunshine的解释说明。
句意：在成长过程中，我的家人和邻居们从不用晾衣绳晾衣服，这让我失去了发现阳光一大奇妙之处的机会——晒了一整天衣服后那甜甜的“阳光香味”。
一. 写出下列句子黑体单词的熟词生义
1. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road which wanders along through the hills, in order to promote environmental protection.
wander：熟义：n. 闲逛 文章义：__________
2.(原创) In Denmark, people stand on chairs and jump off in unison as the clock strikes midnight, literally leaping into the new year.
strike：熟义：v. 罢工 文章义：__________
3. In the last three years, my brother has fifteen workers in his employ in his company.
employ：熟义：v. 雇佣，运用 文章义：__________
4. You can’t look directly into the strong light; you’ve got to shade your eyes from/against it.
shade：熟义：n. 阴凉处 文章义：__________
5. We all wondered why that big country waged war against the small one despite lacking resources.
wage：熟义：n. 工资 文章义：__________
6. People all over the world was campaigning to save Brazil’s rainforest from exploitation.
campaign：熟义：n. 活动 文章义：__________
7. We are going to make French toast and chicken porridge tomorrow morning.
toast：熟义：v. 为……干杯 文章义：__________
8. Don’t worry, I have arranged for my brother to wind my old watch at home. (A. 转动 B. 给……上发条)
wind：熟义：n. 风 文章义：__________
9. Diplomats now expect the mission to be much less ambitious. (A。艰巨的 B. 巨大的)
ambitious：熟义：adj. 雄心的，有抱负的 文章义：__________
10. Offered the position of chairman, Smith declined, preferring to keep his current job. (A. 下降 B. 婉言拒绝)
decline：熟义：v. 下降 文章义：__________
二. 阅读理解
A
The gradual return of the private buyer to the new car market helped to push up sales as number plates changed in March.
Most car buyers in March also changed their preferences for vehicle types, with a particular focus on how the vehicles are powered. Electric vehicles, including fully electric cars and hybrids, are gaining significant popularity. Sales of petrol cars now account for less than half of the market. While the government policymakers have pushed people to buy fully electric zero-emission(排放) cars, many consumers appear to choose hybrids instead, which are partly battery-powered but also carry petrol engines. With the growing popularity, the sales of hybrids now are on the rise. Here is the pie chart illustrating the sales proportion of vehicle types in March 2025.
Sales of fully electric cars hit a new monthly record, up to about 69,000 in March 2025, yet their market share dropped to just over 20% for the first quarter, as the popularity of hybrids grew even faster. That is a crucial number, because car makers have to sell 28 percent of their cars as zero-emission models in 2025 or face fines of up to 15,000 for every car they fail to sell to meet the government’s requirement.
Nick, an analyst in the local auto industry, believes electric car sales are being artificially increased, mainly because car makers are cutting prices just to hit their sales targets. Meanwhile, many people rushed to buy cars before a new tax on expensive cars started this week.
“Car makers remain committed to the market decarbonisation (碳减排) that the country and the environment demand but we need sustained growth, not a short-term bubble (泡沫) driven by unsustainable discounting and drivers rushing to avoid higher taxes,” said Nick. He also believed that the government policymakers should consider the “natural demand” for electric cars.
1. What was the percentage of electric vehicles sales in March 2025
A. 19%. B. 45%. C. 28%. D. 20%.
2. What is the major reason for the increase in electric car sales according to Nick
A. A new tax on cars. B. The change of number plates.
C. The reduction of car prices. D. Policies pushing for electric cars.
3. What will Nick agree with about the government’s electric car policy
A. Ignoring the decarbonisation. B. Strengthening the discounting policy.
C. Taking the market needs into account. D. Setting a lower zero-emission sales standard.
B
Once living in our backyards, many pets — for better and for worse — have now become spoiled “fur babies”, enjoying constant attention, special treatment, and comforts once reserved for human babies. Many see this as harmless fun, but the increasing tendency to treat pets as “children” can have severe health and welfare consequences for the animals involved.
The pet-to-fur-baby evolution can be attributed to many things, including overemphasis on the human-animal bond, ignorance of animals’ biological needs, irresistible consumerism and showing off. The principal causes and outcomes of fur babyism have intensified and spread globally. Evidence for this is inescapable and goes beyond the availability of clothes for birthdays, festivals and so on. Strollers, jewellery, nappies, nail polish, birthday cakes and shoes are now available for the modern fur baby, as are “gold standard” veterinary(兽医的) treatments.
The adverse health effects of fur babyism are well documented. Take strollers for dogs: while potentially useful for animals with disabilities, their overuse in other dogs can lead to weakening of muscles, joint damage and obesity. Restricting the fur baby’s movement limits its natural ability to explore, mark territory and interact with environmental features, such as others of its species, leading to fear and anxiety.
Given these potential health and welfare risks, one would expect veterinary experts to take a leading role in opposing the “fur baby” phenomenon. Oddly, attitudes among veterinarians vary widely — some criticize the trend while others support it and even profit from it. The latter is troubling because over-treatment may further harm animal welfare without necessarily improving health. Owners’ love for their pets is understandable, but must be balanced by prioritizing the animals’ interests. What is far less acceptable is the vet who cashes in on an owner’s misguided love for their pet to conduct unnecessary, painful and expensive tests and procedures on an animal that cannot give its permission.
All caregivers should reflect on the suffering that may arise when animals are treated inappropriately: that is, as children rather than dogs or cats. And vets chasing the fur baby trend should know better.
4. Which example best illustrates fur babyism
A. Training pets to follow basic commands.
B. Taking pets to the vet only when they are ill.
C. Celebrating pets’ birthday with a special treat.
D. Providing pets with daily food and clean water.
5. What does the underlined word “adverse” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Lasting. B. Negative. C. Surprising. D. Significant.
6. Why do some vets support the “fur baby” trend
A. They value the bond with animals. B. They profit from the pet-spoiling craze.
C. They show concern for animal welfare. D. They think pets should be treated as kids.
7. What might the author agree with
A. All veterinary treatments are unnecessary for fur babies.
B. The fur baby trend will soon disappear with vets’ opposition.
C. People’s love for pets should be based on animals’ real needs.
D. Pet-owner relationship should be weakened to avoid fur babyism.
三. 阅读理解七选五
Exams are more than just score cards; they offer a chance to learn about your study habits and knowledge gaps. 1 Taking time to reflect can turn your results into a tool for progress, helping you do better in future tests.
Start by going through your exam paper carefully. Look at both the questions you got right and wrong. For incorrect answers, think about why you missed them — was it because you didn’t understand the topic, made a careless mistake, or were short of time More importantly, pay close attention to your teachers’ comments. 2
Writing down your thoughts can help sort out mixed feelings and clarify key points. 3 For example, you felt rushed or confident, and you found which study methods seemed to work before the test. By noting them down, you can better recognize what works well and what needs improvement for future exams. This process helps you connect your performance with your preparation.
4 You may find that you often struggle with certain question types or specific topics. Based on this, adjust your study plan — spend more time reviewing weak areas and practice with similar questions to build confidence.
Post-exam reflection doesn’t mean focusing too much on mistakes. 5 Acknowledge what you did well to keep your motivation up, and turn insights from mistakes into consistent action. By making reflection a regular habit, you’ll become a more effective learner, avoid similar mistakes, and feel more prepared for the next challenge.
A. Actually, it’s about your growth from them.
B. You may find repeated errors in your notebook.
C. Estimate the time you spent studying for the exam.
D. What they say can point out areas you might have missed.
E. You must have experienced some impressions during the exam.
F. When you get your exam paper back, don’t just look at your score.
G. Looking for patterns in your mistakes is key to meaningful improvement.
四. 完形填空
Fresh out of college, my husband and I started our life together. Without secure employment, we struggled by, 1 challenged. From time to time, the 2 to purchase a house someday emerged, but it was just a wild dream. The idea of assuming a mortgage (贷款) had no appeal, so we didn’t dare to take any 3 .
During one of our weekend outings, by chance, we 4 a “For Sale” sign advertising a waterfront property. Still, with our 5 funds, we were conflicted: Should we seize this chance despite the uncertainty After 6 all the factors thoroughly, we remained 7 , so we turned to Steve’s uncle, Joe, for advice. Joe was an accomplished, kindhearted man whose opinion we 8 .
“Go and pursue whatever makes your life rich right now. Don’t 9 , or you will never get the courage to try anything new. Just ask yourself this: Will I 10 it later if I walk away now ” Having spent a long, struggling sleepless night 11 our options, we made a down payment the next day. That 12 gave us the courage to take on a bigger project thereafter. Two years later, we used the property as collateral(抵押) to start a small business that we had 13 and made a great fortune.
Uncle Joe’s 14 on matters of risk did teach us a good lesson: When you have nothing to 15 , a risk to pursue your dreams makes it a worthy goal.
1. A. economically B. academically C. visually D. intellectually
2. A. request B. agreement C. desire D. necessity
3. A. risk B. suggestion C. tour D. interview
4. A. selected B. carried C. missed D. spotted
5. A. adequate B. limited C. additional D. vital
6. A. holding back B. signing for C. reflecting on D. putting aside
7. A. indecisive B. expressive C. responsive D. impatient
8. A. interpreted B. comprehended C. doubted D. valued
9. A. refuse B. hesitate C. complain D. hurry
10. A. regret B. identify C. clarify D. evaluate
11. A. changing B. defending C. spreading D. weighing
12. A. mistake B. experience C. experiment D. mission
13. A. ignored B. sold C. expected D. handled
14. A. attempt B. wisdom C. restriction D. reliance
15. A. hide B. do C. lose D. offer
五. 语法填空
At a DJ party in Shanghai, a group of people danced to the infectious beat of a song popular among young people worldwide. But these dancers were not typical partygoers — they were all over 50. The event 1 (organize) by Just Begin Life Club, a community which helps retirees expand their social circles, embrace new experiences, and transition 2 (smooth) into the next phase of their lives.
Founded in 2023 and based in Shanghai, the club primarily serves people over 50. Interestingly, it is run by two young entrepreneurs(企业家) born in 3 1980s and 1990s, respectively.
“Last year marked the rise of the ‘silver economy’, with many new business 4 (model) emerging,” a young entrepreneur explained. “But Just Begin Life is Shanghai’s first club-style service for seniors.” The “silver economy” refers to 5 (economy) activities catering to the needs of the elderly, including products and services 6 (design) for their lifestyles.
Before 7 (launch) the club, the two young entrepreneurs conducted extensive research. They found that while many products for seniors focus on health, there is a noticeable gap in services, 8 support the mental and emotional well-being of active retirees in their 50s and 60s — many of whom remain physically and mentally sharp.
Just Begin Life aims 9 (bridge) that gap. The club’s activities go 10 the typical low-energy options often associated with older adults. Instead, they offer engaging and dynamic experiences like jazz dance, English conversation meet-ups, and DJ parties.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)清单04 必记一词多义与熟词生义
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必记一词多义
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熟词生义
)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
单词 一词多义/熟词生义
1. address n. 地址；演讲 v. 设法解决；处理；对付 。
2. senior adj. 中学的；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员
3. breakdown n. 故障；垮掉;(对庞杂信息的)分类，分析，明细 。
4. goal n. 目标；进球得分
5. individual n. 个人adj. 单独的，个别的
6. character n. 品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字
7. junior adj. 地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员
8. focus n. 焦点，重点 vt. & vi. 集中
9. tip n. 指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费
10. aim n. 目的，目标 vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对
11. material n. 材料；素材 adj. 物质的，实际的；客观存在的
12. host n. 主人；东道主；主持人 vt. 主办；主持
13. tough adj. 艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的
14. potential n. 潜力；可能性 adj. 潜在的，可能的
15. challenge n. & vt. 挑战；质疑
16. advance n. 进步，进展；前进，行进 vt. & vi. 发展，进步
17. equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt. 比得上
18. balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力
19. base vt. 以……为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部
20. professional adj. 职业的，专业的 n. 专门人员，专业人士
21. alarm n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐，使害怕
22. attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)
23. option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课
24. shoot vi. & vt. (使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影
25. spot n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 vt. 看见
26. target n. (攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt. 把……作为攻击目标；面向
27. view n. 看法；视线；景色 vt. 把……视为；观看
28. expert n. 专家，行家 adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的
29. account n. 账户；描述；解释 vt. 认为是，视为
30. rent n. 租金 vi. & vt. 租用；出租
31. figure n. 数字；人物；体形，身材
32. operate n. 手术；运转，操作
33. flat n. 公寓 adj. 平坦的；瘪了的
34. scene n. (戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光
35. normal adj. 正常的，一般的 n. 常态，通常标准
36. stress n. 精神压力，紧张；强调 vt. 强调，着重
37. press vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊
38. secure adj. 安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt. 获得，得到；保卫
39. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生
40. volunteer vi. & vt. 主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者
41. perform vt. 做，履行；表演 vi. 工作，运转；表演
42. give out 分发；用完，耗尽
43. medium n. 传播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具 adj. 中等的，中号的
44. sight n. 视野；视力；看见
45. case n. 具体情况，事例；案件；容器
46. trick vt. 欺骗，欺诈 n. 诡计，花招；戏法
47. quality n. 品德，素质；质量；特征 adj. 优质的，高质量的
48. measure vt. 估量，判定；测量 n. 措施；衡量
49. escape vi. & vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n. 逃离，逃脱
pany n. 陪伴，做伴；公司
51. original adj. 起初的；独创的；原作的 n. 原件，原稿
52. crowd n. 一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt. 挤满，使拥挤 vi. 聚集；挤，涌
53. recover vi. 恢复健康；恢复常态 vt. 全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制
54. judge vt. & vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n. 法官；裁判员
55. suffer vi. 受苦，受折磨；变差 vt. 遭受，蒙受
56. explode vi. 爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发 vt. 使爆炸
57. benefit n. 优势，益处，成效 vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于
58. respect vt. 尊重，尊敬 n. 尊敬，敬意；重视；方面
fort vt. 宽慰，抚慰 n. 舒服；安慰
60. failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障
61. plastic adj. 可塑的；塑料的 n. 塑料
62. function vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能
63. attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击
64. content n. 内容；目录 adj. 满意的
65. type n. 类型，种类 vt. & vi. 打字
66. sheet n. 一张(纸)；床单，被单；薄片
67. approach n. 方法；接近，靠近 vt. 接近，靠近；处理
68. lecture n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 vi. 开讲座，讲课 vt. 指责，训斥
69. award n. 奖，奖品，奖金 vt. 授予，给予
70. title n. 名称，标题；称号；职位名称
71. fancy adj. 复杂的；花哨的；昂贵的 vt. 想要，想做；倾慕
72. narrow adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt. & vi. (使)窄小，缩小
73. wave vi. & vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞 n. 海浪；大量涌现
74. attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上
75. adapt vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应
76. classic n. 经典作品，名著 adj. 经典的；古典的
77. cure n. 药物，疗法；治疗 vt. 治好
78. bat n. 蝙蝠；球棒，球板 vt. & vi. 用球棒(板)击球
79. range n. (变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列
80. tissue n. (人、动植物细胞的)组织；(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸
81. update vt. 使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n. 最新消息
82. court n. 球场；法院，法庭；宫廷
83. position n. 处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位
84. master n. 大师，能手；主人 vt. 精通，掌握；控制
85. assume vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露
86. tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看
87. average adj. 平均的；普通的；n. 平均数；平均水平；v. 平均为；计算出……的平均数
88. admit v. 承认； 准许进入(或加入)； 接纳；可容纳
89. band n. 乐队，乐团；一伙，一帮；带，箍
90. twist vi. & vt. 扭转，转动；使弯曲；曲折 n. 转动；转折；曲折处
91. march vi. 齐步走，前进；游行示威 n. 游行示威；行进
92. current n. 水流，潮流；电流；思潮 adj. 当前的；通用的
93. stuff n. 东西，物品；活儿，话 vt. 填满，装满；把……塞进
94. chain n. 链子，链条；一系列；连锁店 vt. 用锁链拴住
95. honour n. 尊敬，尊重；荣幸；荣誉 vt. 尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守
96. duty n. 责任，义务；上班，值班；职责；税
97. sort n. 种类，类别 vt. 整理，分类；妥善处理
98. tear n. 眼泪，泪珠 vt. & vi. (tore, torn)撕裂，撕碎
99. promote vt. 促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升
100. observe vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝
101. settle vi. & vt. 定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置
102. launch vt. 使(船)下水；开始从事，发动 n. 上市；发射，发起
103. feature n. 特色，特征 vt. 以……为特色，是……的特征
104. issue n. 重要议题，争论的问题；问题，担忧；(报刊)一期 vt. 宣布，公布
105. mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 v. 意味，打算
106. stage n. 舞台；阶段；步骤 vt. 上演，举办
107. appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n. 吸引力；申诉；呼吁，恳求
108. reflect vt. & vi. 反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思
109. transport vt. 运输，运送 n. 交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输
110. mass n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj. 大批的，广泛的
111. living adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的 n. 生计，谋生；生活方式
112. track vt. & vi. 跟踪，追踪 n. 足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
113. chief n. 首领，最高领导人 adj. 主要的；首席的
114. protest vi. 反对，抗议 vt. 反对；坚持声称，申辩 n. 抗议，反对
115. profit n. 利润，收益；好处 vi. & vt. 获益，得到好处
116. process n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt. 加工，处理
117. branch n. (政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支
118. official n. 官员，要员 adj. 公务的；正式的，官方的
119. apply v. 应用；申请；涂；有关；运用
120. signal vi. & vt. 发信号，示意；标志 n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
121. roll n. 名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi. & vt. 翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起
122. supply n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt. 供应，供给，提供
123. staff n. 全体职工；管理人员 vt. 在……工作，任职于
124. slide n. 幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi. & vt. 滑行；逐渐陷入
125. flood n. 洪水，水灾；大量 vi. & vt. 淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
126. bar 酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt. 封；阻挡；阻止
127. power n. 电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量
128. sharp adj. 灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的
129. bet vi. & vt. (用……) 打赌；(与……) 打赌; vt. 敢说；确信n. [C] 打赌；赌金
ment n. 议论，评论；批评，指责 vi. & vt. 表达意见
131. access n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt. 到达，进入；使用
132. deliver vt. 递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出; 助产，接生
133. instant adj. 立即的，立刻的；方便的 n. 瞬间，片刻；某一时刻
134. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢
135. take off 脱下；飞机起飞；在某段时间休假；开始成功
136. bring up 提出，呕吐；抚养，养育；教育
137. extract n. 提取物；选录 vt. 提取；选录；取出；设法得到
138. experiment n. 实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi. 做试验，进行实验；尝试
139. trial n. 试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi. & vt. 测试，试验
140. conduct vt. & vi. 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
141. charge vt. & vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管
142. credit n. 赞扬，认可；信用 vt. 存入金额；把……归于
143. favour vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
144. permit vt. & vi. 允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n. 许可证
145. pay off A. 还清(债务)　B. 取得成功，获得好的结果　C. 解雇，遣散
146. refer to v. 查阅，参考；谈到，提及；指的是
147. slice n. 薄片，片；部分，份额 vt. 把……切成片；切开，割破
148. flavor n. 味，味道；特点，特色 vt. 给……调味，加味于
149. native n. 出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人 adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的
150. digest vt. & vi. 消化；领会，理解 n. 摘要，文摘
151. lower vt. 降低，减少；把……放低，使……降下 adj. 下面的；在底部的；低洼的
152. cycle n. 循环；自行车，摩托车 vi. 骑自行车
153. plain adj. 朴素的，简单的；清楚的 n. 平原
154. delicate adj. 精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的
155. association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
156. mild adj. 温和的；温柔的; 温暖的，暖和的; 轻微的；不严重的; 味淡的；不浓
157. accompany vt. 陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏
158. essence n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油
159. strike 突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n. 罢工；袭击；击，打
160. toast n. 吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒 vt. 为……干杯；烤；取暖
161. wage vt. 开始，发动 n. (通常指按周领的)工资，工钱
162. campaign n. (宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt. & vi. 发起运动，参加活动
163. wind v. 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 n. 风，气流
164. decline n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi. & vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝
165. expose vt. 暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿；使遭受；使接触
166. employ vt. 运用，使用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
167. grasp n. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt. 抓紧；领会，理解
plex adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群；复合体；情结
169. reward vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金
170. advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
171. claim n. 声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
172. cast 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n. 全体演员；投，抛
173. owe vt. 欠(情)；欠(债)；归功于；归因于
174. debt n. 人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务
175. representative adj. 典型的，有代表性的 n. 典型人物，代表性人物；代表
176. trap vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼
177. release vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄 n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏
178. bark vi. (狗)吠叫 vt. 厉声发令 n. (狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮
179. mount vi. 逐步增加 vt. 攀登，爬上 n. 山
180. witness vt. & vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象 n. 目击者，见证人；证人
181. chart n. 图表；海图；(the charts)排行榜 vt. 记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图
182. sponsor vt. 赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助 n. 赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人
183. critical adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的
184. tailor vt. 专门制作，定做 n. 裁缝
185. absorb v. 吸收v. 理解，掌握v. 吸引，使专心v. 吞并
186. joint adj. 联合的，共同的 n. 关节；接合处
187. rank vi. & vt. 属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n. 地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔
188. fellow adj. 同类的，同情况的，同伴的 n. 同辈，同类；男人，家伙
189. relay n. 接力赛 vt. 转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播
190. amateur n. 业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj. 业余的
191. handle vt. 处理，应付；控制，操纵 n. 把手，拉手；柄
192. demonstrate vt. 表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi. 游行示威
193. limit n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt. 限制，限定；限量，减量
194. wrestle vi. & vt. 奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤
195. contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n. 合同，合约
196. means 方法，方式；财富，钱财
197. fundamental adj. 十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n. 基本规律，根本法则，基础
198. pace n. 发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vt. & vi. 来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏
199. characteristic n. 特征，特点 adj. 典型的，独特的
200. withdraw 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供
201. patent n. 专利，专利证书 adj. 有专利的，受专利保护的
202. fuel vt. 增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n. 燃料
203. switch vi. & vt. 转变；交换；调班 n. 开关，闸；转变，改变
204. abuse vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
205. affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
206. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
207. adjust vt. & vi. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理
208. evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证 vt. 证明，表明
209. arise v. 起床　v. 由……引起 . v. 起身　v. 出现
210. capacity n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量
211. pose vt. 造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n. 姿势
212. spy vi. 从事间谍活动 vt. 突然看见 n. 间谍
213. monitor vt. 监视，跟踪调查；监听 n. 显示屏；监测器；班长
214. highlight n. 最好(或最精彩)的部分 vt. 突出，强调；使醒目
214. contemporary adj. 当代的，现代的；属同时期的，同一时代的 n. 同代人，同辈人
215. initial adj. 最初的，开始的 n. 首字母
216. finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt. 提供资金
mit vt. 犯(罪)；承诺，保证；花(钱或时间) vi. 全心全意投入，忠于
218. urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n. 冲动，强烈的欲望
219. engage vt. & vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系
220. sample vt. 尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验 n. 样本，样品；取样
221. distinct adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的
222. border n. 国界，边界 vi. & vt. (与……)接壤
223. dot vt. 遍布；使布满，点缀；加点 n. 点
224. unfold vi. & vt. 开花；展开，打开；展示，展现
225. minority n. 少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人
226. manner n. 方式，方法；举止；行为方式；礼貌；礼仪
227. bother vt. 使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi. 花费时间精力(做某事) n. 麻烦，困难
228. discipline vt. 严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练 n. 训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力
229. shelter n. 躲避处；避难所　n. 居所；住处　n. 保护；掩蔽；庇护 vt. 掩蔽；为……提供避难所vi. 躲避；避难
230. occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
231. assistant n. 助手，助理；助教；售货员 adj. 辅助的；助理的；副的
232. log n. 航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi. & vt. 伐木
233. load vt. & vi. 装上，装入 n. 负载；承载量；大量
234. dismiss vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散
235. pack vt. & vi. 塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾；打包；包装 n. 包，包裹；小盒，小包
236. uniform n. 制服；队服 adj. 一致的，统一的
237. hatch vt. 密谋，策划；使孵出 vi. 孵化；孵出
238. plot n. 阴谋；故事情节 vi. & vt. 密谋
238. shift n. 改变，转移；轮班 vi. & vt. (使)移动，(使)转移；改变
239. acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢
240. adopt vt. 采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi. 领养，收养
241. ruin vt. 毁坏，毁灭；使破产 n. 毁坏；破产；(pl. )废墟
242. ban vt. 明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n. 禁令
243. reserve n. 自然保护区；储备 vt. 预订；预留；保留
244. submit vt. & vi. 提交，呈递；屈服
245. embrace vt. & vi. 欣然接受；包含；拥抱
246. anchor n. 锚；给以安全感的人(或物) vi. & vt. 抛锚；使固定
247. wire vt. 给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) n. 金属丝；电线；铁丝网
248. criminal n. 罪犯 adj. 犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的
248. forgive 原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)
249. wrap vt. 包，裹，用……缠绕 n. 披肩，围巾；包裹材料
250. bow n. 蝴蝶结；弓 vi. 鞠躬；低(头)
251. innocent adj. 无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n. 无辜者，单纯的人
252. keen adj. 热衷的，渴望的；喜爱；灵敏的；敏锐的
253. gain vt. & vi. 获得；增进，增长；(从……中)受益 n. 好处，利益
254. gesture n. 手势，姿势；姿态，表示 vt. & vi. 做手势，用手势表示
255. correspond vi. 类似于；相一致，符合；通信
256. accent n. 口音，腔调；重音；着重点，强调 vt. 着重，强调，突出
257. contest n. 比赛，竞赛；争夺，竞争 vt. 争取赢得；争辩，就……提出异议
258. suit vt. 满足需要；相配，合身 n. 套装，西装，西服
259. approve vt. & vi. 赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)
260. slip vi. 滑倒；滑落；溜；陷入 n. 差错；纸条；滑跤
261. labour n. 劳工；劳动，(尤指)体力劳动；分娩期，分娩 vi. 努力做；干苦力活
262. gear vt. 使适合于 n. 排挡，齿轮，传动装置
263. plug vt. 补足，供给；堵塞，封堵 n. 插头，插座
264. premier adj. 最著名的，最成功的，第一的 n. 首相，总理
265. hire vt. & vi. 聘用，雇用；租用 n. 新雇员；租借
266. swing 使)改变；(使)摆动，摇摆 n. 改变；摆动；秋千
267. label n. 标签；(不恰当的)称谓 vt. 贴标签于；(尤指不公正地)把……称为
268. profile n. 概述；形象；侧面轮廓 vt. 概述，写简介
269. convey vt. 表达，传递；传送，运送
270. firm adj. 强有力的，坚决的；坚固的；坚定的；牢固的 n. 商行，公司
271. operate vt. 操作，使运行 vi. 运转，工作；经营，营业
272. superior adj. 更好的，占优势的 n. 级别(或地位、职位)更高的人
273. concrete adj. 确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n. 混凝土
274. blank adj. 空白的 n. 空白处，空格
275. objective adj. 客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n. 目标，目的
276. register vt. & vi. 登记，注册 n. 语体风格，语域；登记表
277. abstract adj. 抽象的，纯理论的 vt. 把……抽象出，提取
278. motor adj. 机动车的，汽车的 n. 发动机，马达
279. drill vt. & vi. 培训，训练；钻(孔) n. 练习，训练；钻，钻头
280. polish vt. & vi. 修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n. 抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛
281. presentation n. 幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出
282. subscribe to 同意，赞成；订购，订阅；捐赠，捐款
283. curtain 窗帘；门帘；帷幕；覆盖物
284. green 绿色的；环保的
285. up to prep. (数目上)达到，忙于……，由…… 决定 生义为 prep. 胜任…… 的，有能力完成(任务)
286. subject n. 科目 生义为 n. 臣民；表现对象；绘画(或拍摄)题材；接受试验者
287. place n. 地点；位置；场所；放置；安放; v. 发出(订单)；订购
288. reject v. 拒绝(提议、请求等); v. 剔除；拒收(不合格产品)
一. 写出下列句子黑体单词的熟词生义
1.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷听力)The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities.
address：熟义: n. 地址；演讲 文章义:__________
2.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A)Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
breakdown: 熟义: n. 故障；垮掉 文章义:__________
3.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A) Batteries are energy - efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services.
plug: 熟义: n. 插头 文章义:__________
4.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A)The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.
green: 熟义: adj. 绿色的 文章义: __________
5.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A)fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.
up to: 熟义: prep. (数目上)达到，忙于……，由…… 决定 文章义：__________
6.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)I found myself wondering just how my students, who 'd created these people, knew their subjects so well.
subject: 熟义：n. 科目 文章义：__________
7.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)7. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
staggering: 熟义：adj. 摇晃的；蹒跚的 文章义：__________
8.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important.
strike: 熟义：v. 打击；罢工；撞击 文章义：__________
9.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance - the ability to connect people, to put us in another's skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
skin: 熟义：n. 皮肤 文章义：__________
10.(2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解C)Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion "New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through." Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
champion：熟义：n. 冠军；优胜者 文章义：__________
【答案】
1. v. 设法解决；处理；对付
2. n. (对庞杂信息的)分类，分析，明细
3. v. 接入；兼容
4. adj. 环保的
5. prep. 胜任…… 的，有能力完成(任务)
6. n. 臣民；表现对象；绘画(或拍摄)题材；接受试验者
7. adj. 令人吃惊的，惊人的
8. 给(某人以……)印象；让(某人)觉得(strike sb. as + adj., 指某事给某人留下某种印象或感受)
9. n. 外壳；皮囊
10. v. 积极倡导；全力支持；捍卫
二. 语法填空
(2025新高考Ⅱ卷)I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56 bamboo and tea bushes(灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 57 (center) heating doesn't exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me 58 this one-and to be sure, the first time l came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it's amazing how you can adapt 59 learn in a new environment. Over time, I've found 60 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent(香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance 62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 63 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 64 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。
56. where 此处考查定语从句。空白处所在句是一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句，the countryside of Zheiiang, China作为先行词表示地点，空白处在定语从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
57. central 此处考查词性转换。空白处应用形容词作定语修饰heating，故填central, central heating意为“集中供暖(系统)”
58. for 此处考查介词。 prepare sb. for sth. 是固定搭配，意为“使某人为某事做好准备”
59. and 此处考查连词。 how you can后是两个并列谓语动词 adapt和learn，故填and。
60. myself 此处考查代词。句意为：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里感到无比自在。空白处与主语指同一人，表示“我自己”，故填反身代词 myself。
61. is 此处考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词。本句描述的是现在的情况，故用一般现在时。主语The "sunshine scent"是单数，且根据空白处后的one of them可知填is。
62. to discover 此处考查非谓语动词。chance后接不定式作后置定语，the chance to do sth. 意为“去做某事的机会”
63. absence 此处考查词性转换。根据定冠词the和of smog可知，此处应填absent的名词形式。
64. afternoons 此处考查名词。本句中afternoon是可数名词，根据空白处前的plenty of可知，此处应填afternoon的复数形式，表示“许多个天空湛蓝、空气清新的午后”
65. left此处考查非谓语动词。sheet or shirt和leave是被动关系，故此处应用leave的过去分词形式left作后置定语。left to sun意为“被放在阳光下晒”。
重点词汇
1. ________ v. 存在
2. ________ v. 适应
3. ________ n. 过程
4. ________ v. 使干燥
5. ________ v. 发现
6. ________ adj. 新鲜的
7. ________ n. 床单
8. ________ v. 否认
9. ________________久而久之
10. ________________有时
熟词生义
raise 熟词：v. 举起，提高 文章义：v. ________
派生词
1. comfort v. & n. 宽慰，舒服→________ adj. 舒服的
2. extreme adj. 极其的→________ adv. 极其
3. amaze v. 使惊讶→________ adj. 令人惊奇的
合成词
1. cloth+ line = clothesline n. ________
长难句分析
1. Nothing in my life before prepared me for this one - and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.
分析：这是一个并列复合句，由连词and连接两个分句。前一个分句中，Nothing是主语，in my life before是________修饰Nothing，prepared是谓语，me是宾语，for this one是________；后一个分句中，the first time I came here是________从句，其中I came here是定语从句修饰the first time，I是主语，never imagined是谓语，I would ever feel comfortable in this area是________。
句意：我以前的生活经历从未让我为这样的生活做好准备——而且可以肯定的是，我第一次来到这里时，从未想过自己会在这个地方感到自在。
2. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 分析：本句中Growing up是现在分词短语作________，my family and our neighbors是主语，never used是谓语，clotheslines是宾语，to dry clothing是________，denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine是现在分词短语作________，其中to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine是________修饰chance，破折号后面的内容是对one of the great wonders of sunshine的解释说明。
句意：在成长过程中，我的家人和邻居们从不用晾衣绳晾衣服，这让我失去了发现阳光一大奇妙之处的机会——晒了一整天衣服后那甜甜的“阳光香味”。
【答案】
重点词汇：1. exist 2. adapt 3. process 4. dry 5. discover 6. fresh 7. sheet 8. deny
9. over time 10. at times
熟词生义：v. 抚养
派生词：1. comfortable 2. extremely 3. amazing
合成词: 晾衣绳
长难句分析：1. 后置定语; 目的状语; 时间状语; 宾语从句 2. 时间状语; 目的状语; 结果状语; 后置定语
一. 写出下列句子黑体单词的熟词生义
1. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road which wanders along through the hills, in order to promote environmental protection.
wander：熟义：n. 闲逛 文章义：__________
2.(原创) In Denmark, people stand on chairs and jump off in unison as the clock strikes midnight, literally leaping into the new year.
strike：熟义：v. 罢工 文章义：__________
3. In the last three years, my brother has fifteen workers in his employ in his company.
employ：熟义：v. 雇佣，运用 文章义：__________
4. You can’t look directly into the strong light; you’ve got to shade your eyes from/against it.
shade：熟义：n. 阴凉处 文章义：__________
5. We all wondered why that big country waged war against the small one despite lacking resources.
wage：熟义：n. 工资 文章义：__________
6. People all over the world was campaigning to save Brazil’s rainforest from exploitation.
campaign：熟义：n. 活动 文章义：__________
7. We are going to make French toast and chicken porridge tomorrow morning.
toast：熟义：v. 为……干杯 文章义：__________
8. Don’t worry, I have arranged for my brother to wind my old watch at home. (A. 转动 B. 给……上发条)
wind：熟义：n. 风 文章义：__________
9. Diplomats now expect the mission to be much less ambitious. (A。艰巨的 B. 巨大的)
ambitious：熟义：adj. 雄心的，有抱负的 文章义：__________
10. Offered the position of chairman, Smith declined, preferring to keep his current job. (A. 下降 B. 婉言拒绝)
decline：熟义：v. 下降 文章义：__________
【答案】
1. v. 蜿蜒 2. v. 敲钟，报时 3. n. 公司 4. v. 遮住光线 5. v. 发起
6. v. 发起运动 7. n. 吐司，面包 8. v. 给……上发条 9. adj. 艰巨的，巨大的 10. v. 婉言拒绝
二. 阅读理解
A
The gradual return of the private buyer to the new car market helped to push up sales as number plates changed in March.
Most car buyers in March also changed their preferences for vehicle types, with a particular focus on how the vehicles are powered. Electric vehicles, including fully electric cars and hybrids, are gaining significant popularity. Sales of petrol cars now account for less than half of the market. While the government policymakers have pushed people to buy fully electric zero-emission(排放) cars, many consumers appear to choose hybrids instead, which are partly battery-powered but also carry petrol engines. With the growing popularity, the sales of hybrids now are on the rise. Here is the pie chart illustrating the sales proportion of vehicle types in March 2025.
Sales of fully electric cars hit a new monthly record, up to about 69,000 in March 2025, yet their market share dropped to just over 20% for the first quarter, as the popularity of hybrids grew even faster. That is a crucial number, because car makers have to sell 28 percent of their cars as zero-emission models in 2025 or face fines of up to 15,000 for every car they fail to sell to meet the government’s requirement.
Nick, an analyst in the local auto industry, believes electric car sales are being artificially increased, mainly because car makers are cutting prices just to hit their sales targets. Meanwhile, many people rushed to buy cars before a new tax on expensive cars started this week.
“Car makers remain committed to the market decarbonisation (碳减排) that the country and the environment demand but we need sustained growth, not a short-term bubble (泡沫) driven by unsustainable discounting and drivers rushing to avoid higher taxes,” said Nick. He also believed that the government policymakers should consider the “natural demand” for electric cars.
1. What was the percentage of electric vehicles sales in March 2025
A. 19%. B. 45%. C. 28%. D. 20%.
2. What is the major reason for the increase in electric car sales according to Nick
A. A new tax on cars. B. The change of number plates.
C. The reduction of car prices. D. Policies pushing for electric cars.
3. What will Nick agree with about the government’s electric car policy
A. Ignoring the decarbonisation. B. Strengthening the discounting policy.
C. Taking the market needs into account. D. Setting a lower zero-emission sales standard.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着三月份车牌的更换，私人购车者逐渐回归新车市场，推动了汽车销量的上升，其中电动汽车(包括纯电动汽车和混合动力汽车)越来越受欢迎，文章还提及了行业分析师对电动汽车销量增长原因的看法以及对政府电动汽车政策的建议。
1. 细节理解题。根据饼状图中“Fully electric cars 19%(纯电动汽车19%)”和“Hybrids 26% (混合动力车26%)”可知，电动汽车(包括纯电动汽车和混合动力汽车)的销量占比为45%。故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Nick, an analyst in the local auto industry, believes electric car sales are being artificially increased, mainly because car makers are cutting prices just to hit their sales targets. (当地汽车行业分析师尼克认为，电动汽车的销量正在被人为抬高，主要是因为汽车制造商为了实现销售目标而降价)”可知，尼克认为汽车降价是电动汽车销量增加的主要原因。故选C项。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nick的话“He also believed that the government policymakers should consider the “natural demand” for electric cars. (他还认为，政府决策者应该考虑对电动汽车的“自然需求”)”可知，尼克认为政府应该考虑市场对电动汽车的需求，即要考虑市场需求。故选C项。
B
Once living in our backyards, many pets — for better and for worse — have now become spoiled “fur babies”, enjoying constant attention, special treatment, and comforts once reserved for human babies. Many see this as harmless fun, but the increasing tendency to treat pets as “children” can have severe health and welfare consequences for the animals involved.
The pet-to-fur-baby evolution can be attributed to many things, including overemphasis on the human-animal bond, ignorance of animals’ biological needs, irresistible consumerism and showing off. The principal causes and outcomes of fur babyism have intensified and spread globally. Evidence for this is inescapable and goes beyond the availability of clothes for birthdays, festivals and so on. Strollers, jewellery, nappies, nail polish, birthday cakes and shoes are now available for the modern fur baby, as are “gold standard” veterinary(兽医的) treatments.
The adverse health effects of fur babyism are well documented. Take strollers for dogs: while potentially useful for animals with disabilities, their overuse in other dogs can lead to weakening of muscles, joint damage and obesity. Restricting the fur baby’s movement limits its natural ability to explore, mark territory and interact with environmental features, such as others of its species, leading to fear and anxiety.
Given these potential health and welfare risks, one would expect veterinary experts to take a leading role in opposing the “fur baby” phenomenon. Oddly, attitudes among veterinarians vary widely — some criticize the trend while others support it and even profit from it. The latter is troubling because over-treatment may further harm animal welfare without necessarily improving health. Owners’ love for their pets is understandable, but must be balanced by prioritizing the animals’ interests. What is far less acceptable is the vet who cashes in on an owner’s misguided love for their pet to conduct unnecessary, painful and expensive tests and procedures on an animal that cannot give its permission.
All caregivers should reflect on the suffering that may arise when animals are treated inappropriately: that is, as children rather than dogs or cats. And vets chasing the fur baby trend should know better.
4. Which example best illustrates fur babyism
A. Training pets to follow basic commands.
B. Taking pets to the vet only when they are ill.
C. Celebrating pets’ birthday with a special treat.
D. Providing pets with daily food and clean water.
5. What does the underlined word “adverse” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Lasting. B. Negative. C. Surprising. D. Significant.
6. Why do some vets support the “fur baby” trend
A. They value the bond with animals. B. They profit from the pet-spoiling craze.
C. They show concern for animal welfare. D. They think pets should be treated as kids.
7. What might the author agree with
A. All veterinary treatments are unnecessary for fur babies.
B. The fur baby trend will soon disappear with vets’ opposition.
C. People’s love for pets should be based on animals’ real needs.
D. Pet-owner relationship should be weakened to avoid fur babyism.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章指出宠物成为“毛孩子”的现象及成因，说明其对宠物健康的不良影响，呼吁主人和兽医优先关注宠物真实需求。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Evidence for this is inescapable and goes beyond the availability of clothes for birthdays, festivals and so on. Strollers, jewellery, nappies, nail polish, birthday cakes and shoes are now available for the modern fur baby, as are “gold standard” veterinary (兽医的) treatments. (这方面的证据确凿无疑，且远不止于为生日、节日等场合准备的衣物。如今，现代“毛孩子”不仅能拥有婴儿车、首饰、纸尿裤、指甲油、生日蛋糕和鞋子，还能享受“黄金标准”的兽医诊疗服务)”可知，为用特别的礼物庆祝宠物的生日最能体现“毛孩子”现象。故选C项。
5. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Take strollers for dogs: while potentially useful for animals with disabilities, their overuse in other dogs can lead to weakening of muscles, joint damage and obesity. (以宠物推车为例：虽然对残疾动物可能有用，但在其他狗狗身上过度使用会导致肌肉萎缩、关节损伤和肥胖)”可知，这些都是负面、有害的健康影响，因此adverse意为“消极的、不利的”，与negative同义。故选B项。
6. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Oddly, attitudes among veterinarians vary widely — some criticize the trend while others support it and even profit from it. (奇怪的是，兽医们的态度差异很大——一些人批评这一趋势，而另一些人支持它，甚至从中获利)”可知，部分兽医支持是因为能从溺爱宠物的热潮中获利。故选B项。
7. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Owners’ love for their pets is understandable, but must be balanced by prioritizing the animals’ interests. (主人对宠物的爱是可以理解的，但必须优先考虑动物的自身需求来平衡这种爱)”可推知，作者认为人们对宠物的爱应建立在动物真实需求的基础上。故选C项。
三. 阅读理解七选五
Exams are more than just score cards; they offer a chance to learn about your study habits and knowledge gaps. 1 Taking time to reflect can turn your results into a tool for progress, helping you do better in future tests.
Start by going through your exam paper carefully. Look at both the questions you got right and wrong. For incorrect answers, think about why you missed them — was it because you didn’t understand the topic, made a careless mistake, or were short of time More importantly, pay close attention to your teachers’ comments. 2
Writing down your thoughts can help sort out mixed feelings and clarify key points. 3 For example, you felt rushed or confident, and you found which study methods seemed to work before the test. By noting them down, you can better recognize what works well and what needs improvement for future exams. This process helps you connect your performance with your preparation.
4 You may find that you often struggle with certain question types or specific topics. Based on this, adjust your study plan — spend more time reviewing weak areas and practice with similar questions to build confidence.
Post-exam reflection doesn’t mean focusing too much on mistakes. 5 Acknowledge what you did well to keep your motivation up, and turn insights from mistakes into consistent action. By making reflection a regular habit, you’ll become a more effective learner, avoid similar mistakes, and feel more prepared for the next challenge.
A. Actually, it’s about your growth from them.
B. You may find repeated errors in your notebook.
C. Estimate the time you spent studying for the exam.
D. What they say can point out areas you might have missed.
E. You must have experienced some impressions during the exam.
F. When you get your exam paper back, don’t just look at your score.
G. Looking for patterns in your mistakes is key to meaningful improvement.
【答案】1. F 2. D 3. E 4. G 5. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了考试不仅是评分卡，更是反思契机。应仔细分析试卷与错题，记录备考感受，据此调整学习计划，巩固优势并弥补不足，从而提升学习效率。
1. 根据上文“Exams are more than just score cards; they offer a chance to learn about your study habits and knowledge gaps. (考试远不止是成绩单这么简单；它们还能让你了解自己的学习习惯和知识盲点)”以及后文“Taking time to reflect can turn your results into a tool for progress, helping you do better in future tests. (花时间进行反思能够将你的考试成绩转化为促进进步的工具，帮助你在未来的考试中取得更好的成绩)”可知，上文提到考试不仅仅是成绩单，它们提供了了解你的学习习惯和知识差距的机会；下文说花时间反思可以把你的成绩变成进步的工具，帮助你在未来的考试中做得更好。F项“当你拿回试卷时，不要只看分数”承接上文，引出下文关于反思的内容，符合语境。故选F。
2. 根据上文“Start by going through your exam paper carefully. Look at both the questions you got right and wrong. For incorrect answers, think about why you missed them — was it because you didn’t understand the topic, made a careless mistake, or were short of time More importantly, pay close attention to your teachers’ comments. (首先，仔细检查你的试卷。看看你做对和做错的题目。对于做错的题目，思考一下你为什么答错了——是因为你没有理解题目内容、犯了粗心的错误，还是因为时间不够？更重要的是，要仔细留意老师的评语)”可知，上文提到对于错误的答案，思考为什么错了，更重要的是，要密切关注老师的评论。D项“他们所说的话可以指出你可能忽略的领域”进一步说明了老师评论的作用，与上文紧密相连。故选D。
3. 根据后文“For example, you felt rushed or confident, and you found which study methods seemed to work before the test. By noting them down, you can better recognize what works well and what needs improvement for future exams. This process helps you connect your performance with your preparation. (例如，你可能会感到时间紧迫或者充满自信，并且在考试前能够确定哪些学习方法是有效的。通过把这些方法记录下来，你就能更清楚地认识到哪些方法行之有效，哪些还需要改进，以便在未来的考试中加以运用。这个过程能帮助你将自己的表现与备考情况联系起来)”可知，下文举例说明在考试中可能有的感受，如感到匆忙或自信，以及发现哪些学习方法在考试前似乎有效等。E项“你在考试中一定有过一些印象”引出下文关于考试感受的描述，符合语境。故选E。
4. 根据后文“You may find that you often struggle with certain question types or specific topics. Based on this, adjust your study plan — spend more time reviewing weak areas and practice with similar questions to build confidence. (你可能会发现自己在某些题型或特定主题上常常感到困难。基于这种情况，调整你的学习计划——多花时间复习薄弱环节，并通过练习类似题目来增强信心)”可知，下文提到你可能会发现自己经常在某些类型的题目或特定主题上遇到困难，在此基础上，调整你的学习计划。G项“寻找错误中的模式是有意义改进的关键”与下文寻找错误模式并调整学习计划相呼应，起到了引领下文的作用。故选G。
5. 根据上文“Post-exam reflection doesn’t mean focusing too much on mistakes. (考试后的反思并不意味着要过分纠结于错误之处)”可知，上文提到考后反思并不意味着过于关注错误。A项“实际上，它的意义在于你能从这些错误中获得成长”进一步阐述了考后反思的真正意义，承接上文并深化主题。故选A。
四. 完形填空
Fresh out of college, my husband and I started our life together. Without secure employment, we struggled by, 1 challenged. From time to time, the 2 to purchase a house someday emerged, but it was just a wild dream. The idea of assuming a mortgage (贷款) had no appeal, so we didn’t dare to take any 3 .
During one of our weekend outings, by chance, we 4 a “For Sale” sign advertising a waterfront property. Still, with our 5 funds, we were conflicted: Should we seize this chance despite the uncertainty After 6 all the factors thoroughly, we remained 7 , so we turned to Steve’s uncle, Joe, for advice. Joe was an accomplished, kindhearted man whose opinion we 8 .
“Go and pursue whatever makes your life rich right now. Don’t 9 , or you will never get the courage to try anything new. Just ask yourself this: Will I 10 it later if I walk away now ” Having spent a long, struggling sleepless night 11 our options, we made a down payment the next day. That 12 gave us the courage to take on a bigger project thereafter. Two years later, we used the property as collateral(抵押) to start a small business that we had 13 and made a great fortune.
Uncle Joe’s 14 on matters of risk did teach us a good lesson: When you have nothing to 15 , a risk to pursue your dreams makes it a worthy goal.
1. A. economically B. academically C. visually D. intellectually
2. A. request B. agreement C. desire D. necessity
3. A. risk B. suggestion C. tour D. interview
4. A. selected B. carried C. missed D. spotted
5. A. adequate B. limited C. additional D. vital
6. A. holding back B. signing for C. reflecting on D. putting aside
7. A. indecisive B. expressive C. responsive D. impatient
8. A. interpreted B. comprehended C. doubted D. valued
9. A. refuse B. hesitate C. complain D. hurry
10. A. regret B. identify C. clarify D. evaluate
11. A. changing B. defending C. spreading D. weighing
12. A. mistake B. experience C. experiment D. mission
13. A. ignored B. sold C. expected D. handled
14. A. attempt B. wisdom C. restriction D. reliance
15. A. hide B. do C. lose D. offer
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A
11. D 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫刚毕业时经济拮据，偶然发现一处房产，在犹豫不决时向叔叔Joe请教，最终听从建议勇敢做出决定，并因此获得人生转机的故事。
1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有稳定工作，我们勉强度日，在经济上捉襟见肘。A. economically经济上；B. academically学术上；C. visually视觉上；D. intellectually智力上。根据前文“Without secure employment”以及后文“The to purchase a house someday emerged, but it was just a wild dream. ”可知，没有稳定工作，买房是一个遥远的梦，说明他们“经济上”困难。故选A项。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：时不时地，将来买房的愿望会浮现，但那只是一个遥远的梦。A. request请求；B. agreement同意；C. desire愿望；D. necessity必要性。根据后文“wild dream”可知，买房是他们的“愿望”。故选C项。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：承担贷款的想法对我们没有吸引力，所以我们不敢冒任何风险。A. risk风险；B. suggestion建议；C. tour旅行；D. interview面试。根据前文“The idea of assuming a mortgage (贷款) had no appeal”可知，不愿意贷款，意味着不愿冒“风险”。故选A项。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次周末出游中，我们偶然发现了一个“出售”广告，宣传一处临水房产。A. selected选择；B. carried携带；C. missed错过；D. spotted发现，看到。根据前文“by chance”以及后文“a “For Sale” sign”可知，他们是偶然“看到”广告牌。故选D项。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于资金有限，我们很矛盾：即便存在不确定性，我们是否也应该抓住这个机会呢？A. adequate足够的；B. limited有限的；C. additional额外的；D. vital至关重要的。根据前文“Without secure employment, we struggled by, challenged”他们经济困难可知，资金“有限”。故选B项。
6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在彻底反思所有因素后，我们仍然犹豫不决，于是我们向史蒂夫的叔叔乔寻求建议。A. holding back退缩；B. signing for签收；C. reflecting on反思，仔细考虑；D. putting aside搁置。根据后文“all the factors thoroughly”可知，他们在“仔细考虑”各种因素。故选C项。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在彻底反思所有因素后，我们仍然犹豫不决，于是我们向史蒂夫的叔叔乔寻求建议。A. indecisive犹豫不决的；B. expressive善于表达的；C. responsive反应迅速的；D. impatient不耐烦的。根据后文“so we turned to Steve’s uncle, Joe, for advice”他们需要寻求建议可推知，他们自己无法做出决定，是“犹豫不决的”。故选A项。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joe是一位有成就且善良的人，我们很看重他的意见。A. interpreted解释；B. comprehended理解；C. doubted怀疑；D. valued重视，看重。根据前文“so we turned to Steve’s uncle, Joe, for advice”和“an accomplished, kindhearted man”可知，他们主动向Joe寻求建议，说明“重视”他的意见。故选D项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要犹豫，否则你永远不会有勇气尝试新事物。A. refuse拒绝；B. hesitate犹豫；C. complain抱怨；D. hurry匆忙。根据前文“Go and pursue”和后文“or you will never get the courage”可知，Joe是建议他们不要“犹豫”。故选B项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：问问自己：如果我现在放弃，以后会后悔吗？A. regret后悔；B. identify识别；C. clarify澄清；D. evaluate评估。根据后文“if I walk away now ”可知，Joe假设了放弃想要的东西的情况，然后问自己以后是否会“后悔”。故选A项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在度过了一个漫长、挣扎的不眠之夜，权衡着我们的选择之后，我们第二天付了首付。A. changing改变；B. defending辩护，抵御；C. spreading传播；D. weighing权衡。根据前文“struggling”以及后文“our options”可知，他们在“权衡”各种选择的利弊。故选D项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次经历给了我们此后承担更大项目的勇气。A. mistake错误；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D. mission使命。前文讲述了他们发现房产、犹豫不决、寻求建议到最终决定购买的整个过程，这是一次宝贵的“经历”。故选B项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后，我们用这处房产作抵押，创办了一家我们一直期待的小企业，并发了大财。A. ignored忽视；B. sold出售；C. expected期待；D. handled处理。根据前文“gave us the courage to take on a bigger project thereafter”和“to start a small business”可推知，小企业是更大的项目，是他们“期待”去做的事情。故选C项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joe叔叔在风险问题上的智慧确实给我们上了很好的一课：当你没什么可失去的时候，为追逐梦想而冒险是值得的目标。A. attempt尝试；B. wisdom智慧；C. restriction限制；D. reliance依赖。根据前文“Go and pursue whatever makes your life rich right now. Don’t , or you will never get the courage to try anything new. ”可知，Joe给他们建议，这些建议对他们人生产生积极影响，这是Joe的“智慧”。故选B项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joe叔叔在风险问题上的智慧确实给我们上了很好的一课：当你没什么可失去的时候，为追逐梦想而冒险是值得的目标。A. hide隐藏；B. do做；C. lose失去；D. offer提供。根据前文“Fresh out of college, my husband and I started our life together. Without secure employment, we struggled by, challenged”可知，他们刚毕业、经济困难、没有稳定工作，确实没什么可“失去”。故选C项。
五. 语法填空
At a DJ party in Shanghai, a group of people danced to the infectious beat of a song popular among young people worldwide. But these dancers were not typical partygoers — they were all over 50. The event 1 (organize) by Just Begin Life Club, a community which helps retirees expand their social circles, embrace new experiences, and transition 2 (smooth) into the next phase of their lives.
Founded in 2023 and based in Shanghai, the club primarily serves people over 50. Interestingly, it is run by two young entrepreneurs(企业家) born in 3 1980s and 1990s, respectively.
“Last year marked the rise of the ‘silver economy’, with many new business 4 (model) emerging,” a young entrepreneur explained. “But Just Begin Life is Shanghai’s first club-style service for seniors.” The “silver economy” refers to 5 (economy) activities catering to the needs of the elderly, including products and services 6 (design) for their lifestyles.
Before 7 (launch) the club, the two young entrepreneurs conducted extensive research. They found that while many products for seniors focus on health, there is a noticeable gap in services, 8 support the mental and emotional well-being of active retirees in their 50s and 60s — many of whom remain physically and mentally sharp.
Just Begin Life aims 9 (bridge) that gap. The club’s activities go 10 the typical low-energy options often associated with older adults. Instead, they offer engaging and dynamic experiences like jazz dance, English conversation meet-ups, and DJ parties.
【答案】
1. was organized 2. smoothly 3. the 4. models 5. economic
6. designed 7. launching 8. which 9. to bridge 10. beyond
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海Just Begin Life Club这一服务50岁以上人群的俱乐部，体现了“银发经济”下针对老年人精神需求的新型服务模式。
1. 考查动词时态语态。句意：这场活动是由Just Begin Life Club组织的，该社区帮助退休人员拓展社交圈、拥抱新体验，并顺利过渡到人生的下一阶段。The event与organize是动宾关系，根据上文“At a DJ party in Shanghai, a group of people danced”可知，活动是过去发生的，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was organized。
2. 考查副词。句意：这场活动是由Just Begin Life Club组织的，该社区帮助退休人员拓展社交圈、拥抱新体验，并顺利过渡到人生的下一阶段。此处修饰动词transition，应用副词smoothly，作状语，意为“顺利地”。故填smoothly。
3. 考查冠词。句意：有趣的是，它由两位分别出生于20世纪80年代和90年代的年轻企业家经营。in the 1980s是固定表达，意为“在20世纪80年代”，此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
4. 考查名词复数。句意：“去年标志着‘银发经济’的兴起，许多新的商业模式涌现出来，”一位年轻企业家解释道。many后接可数名词复数models，作宾语。故填models。
5. 考查形容词。句意：“银发经济”指的是满足老年人需求的经济活动，包括为他们的生活方式设计的产品和服务。此处修饰名词activities，应用形容词economic，作定语，意为“经济的，与经济有关的”。故填economic。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：“银发经济”指的是满足老年人需求的经济活动，包括为他们的生活方式设计的产品和服务。products and services与design是动宾关系，应用过去分词designed，作后置定语。故填designed。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在创办俱乐部之前，两位年轻的企业家进行了广泛的调查研究。launch和the two young entrepreneurs是主谓关系，此处应是现在分词launching。故填launching。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：他们发现，虽然许多老年产品专注于健康，但在服务方面存在明显的缺口，这些服务支持50至60岁活跃退休人员的精神和情感健康，他们中的许多人身心依然敏锐。此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是services，指物，此空应用关系代词which。故填which。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Just Begin Life旨在填补这一缺口。aim to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”，此空应用动词不定式to bridge。故填to bridge。
10. 考查介词。句意：该俱乐部的活动超越了通常与老年人相关的典型低能量的活动选择。根据“the typical low-energy options”及“Instead, they offer engaging and dynamic experiences”可知，此空应用介词beyond。go beyond是固定短语，意为“超越”。故填beyond。
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