资源简介

专题02 阅读理解专题记叙文和新闻报道内容导航
【命题解码·定方向】命题趋势+3年高考真题热点角度拆解
【解题建模·通技法】析典例，建模型，技法贯通破类题/变式
【实战刷题·冲高分】精选高考大题+名校模拟题，强化实战能力，得高分
命题·趋势·定位
1. 选材特点：
记叙文和新闻报道是高考英语阅读理解的高频体裁。记叙文通常选取个人成长故事、人物特写、生活感悟、亲情友情、励志经历、文化趣闻等主题，强调故事性、情感性和启发性。新闻报道则聚焦社会热点、科技突破、体育赛事、环境保护、文化现象、人物专访等，强调时效性、真实性和客观性。
2. 语篇结构：
记叙文：通常按照时间顺序或情感发展线索展开，结构清晰，包括背景介绍、情节发展、高潮转折和结局感悟。文章结尾往往蕴含作者的观点或人生哲理。
新闻报道：多采用倒金字塔结构，即最重要的信息（5W1H：人物、时间、地点、事件、原因、方式）放在开头，随后按重要性递减的顺序展开细节。有时也会采用时间顺序或逻辑顺序。
3. 命题热点：
记叙文：重点考查细节理解（人物行为、事件过程）、推理判断（人物情感、写作意图、言外之意）、词义猜测（结合语境推断词义）以及主旨大意（故事寓意、标题选择）。
新闻报道：重点考查细节理解（新闻事实、数据、引语）、推理判断（作者态度、事件影响、报道目的）、写作手法（如引用专家观点、列举数据的作用）。
4. 常见的设问形式：
What can we learn about...
Why did the author...
What does the underlined word “...” in paragraph X refer to
What is the best title for the text
What is the author's purpose in writing the text
What can be inferred from the passage
How did the author feel when...
热点·角度·拆解
2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读理解记叙文和新闻报道）
卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式
2025·浙江1月卷 350 人与自我 教师将爱好融入教学，启发学生 细节理解、推理判断、观点态度
2025·天津卷 380 人与社会 玩具小屋承载的家庭情感与传承 细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意
2025·全国二卷 320 人与社会 医院学校教师的多重角色与意义 细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断
2025·上海卷 400 人与自我 学者从物理学转向教育研究的经历 细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测
2024·北京卷 360 人与自我 画家重拾绘画信心的心理历程 细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断
2024·新课标I卷 330 人与社会 兽医将针灸等整体医学用于动物治疗 细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断
2023·全国甲卷 310 人与自我 女性DIY爱好者的技能与传承 词义猜测、细节理解、推理判断
2023·北京卷 340 人与自我 科研申请被拒后的转机与成长 细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意
热点角度01 细节理解题
析典例·建模型
（2025·浙江1月卷·高考真题·）
When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies.
No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications.
When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself.
What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own.
What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author
A. Students' misunderstandings about teachers.
B. Students' false assumptions about learning.
C. The irrelevance of textbooks to students' life.
D. The gap between teachers' and students' hobbies.
【解题建模】
第一步，确定定位词： 题干中的关键信息是“challenge”和“teachers”。
第二步，找到答题句： 文章第一句“When you're a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions.”明确指出，教师工作的很大一部分是“battling student misconceptions（与学生的错误认知作斗争）”。下文进一步解释了这些错误认知是什么：认为学习无趣、与现实无关。
第三步，比较各选项： 选项B“Students' false assumptions about learning.”（学生对学习的错误假设）是对“student misconceptions”的同义转述，与原文表述一致。其他选项A、C、D在文中均未提及。
最终选出正确答案为B。
研考点·通技法
第一步 确定定位词 在题干中找出关键的人名、地名、时间、数字、核心名词或动词等，作为定位词。
第二步 找到答题句 用定位词或其同义词到原文中去定位，找到相关的句子。答案通常就在该句或其前后的上下文中。
第三步 比较各选项 将四个选项与找到的答题句进行仔细比对，选出与原文表述一致的正确选项。注意排除“无中生有”、“答非所问”、“偷换概念”等干扰项。
破类题·提能力
（2025·天津高考真题·）
My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning.
In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼).
Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it.
During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day.
The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together.
1．What did the author’s mother teach her to do
A．To sew and create miniatures.
B．To add imaginary figures to the dollhouse.
C．To make up fairy tales set in the dollhouse.
D．To do oil paintings and glue them onto the little walls.
2．Why did the author decide to update the dollhouse decades later
A．She intended to follow the trend on social media.
B．She was eager to start a new career as a toy designer.
C．She felt the urge to compete with other dollhouse makers.
D．She was inspired by people sharing their dollhouses online.
3．What did the author learn about dollhouses from the audiobooks
A．They were initially created for play.
B．People once sought comfort in them.
C．Rich people sold them for money during difficult times.
D．A uniform standard for their production was set in 1945.
热点角度02 推理判断题
析典例·建模型
（2025·天津高考真题·）
My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning.
In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼).
Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it.
During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day.
The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together.
What role did the dollhouse play in strengthening the emotional
ties between the author and her aging mother
A. A reminder of their childhood dreams.
B. A mirror of the eventful family history.
C. A tool to bring back good old memories.
D. A means to improve her mother's memory.
【解题建模】
第一步，明确推理方向： 题干问的是“玩具小屋在加强作者和年迈母亲之间情感联系方面扮演了什么角色？”这需要我们从字里行间推断其作用。
第二步，寻找线索句： 关键句是“The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse.”和“She loved retelling its history those old memories.” 这表明，尽管母亲记忆衰退，但谈论玩具小屋能带给她们真实的快乐，并且母亲喜欢重述与之相关的古老记忆。
第三步，合理推断： 由此可以推断，玩具小屋成为了一个媒介，让母女能够共享快乐的时光，共同回忆过去，从而加强了她们的情感纽带。选项C“A tool to bring back good old memories.”（一个带回美好旧时光的工具）准确地概括了这一作用。
最终选出正确答案为C。
研考点·通技法
推理判断题考查学生理解文章字面意思，并据此推断出隐含信息的能力。常见的推理包括：人物情感、作者态度、写作目的、事件原因、下文内容等。解题时需注意：
1. 忠实于原文：推理的依据必须来自原文，切忌主观臆断。
2. 抓住关键词句：关注表示情感、态度、逻辑关系的词句。
3. 排除过度推断：选项若表述过于绝对或与主旨相悖，往往是错误的。
破类题·提能力
（2026·浙江金丽衢十二校高三·二模）
I was born in 2010 in the countryside, which may be why I always felt a little out of step with the times. Throughout my childhood, I had never seen tall buildings or had a smartphone. The old computer we had at home was my only window to the online world, which I began exploring at the age of 8. My parents were busy during the day, so surfing the internet was a big deal for me. I always turned off the computer before they got home to let it cool down and hide what I had been doing all day.
I feel like the online vibe was much more inclusive back then. I still remember the friendly debates about the various adaptations of Legends of the Condor Heroes. Everyone would share their thoughts and reasons. Just the other day, I saw a similar question on Xiaohongshu, but the discussion quickly turned into heated arguments. Back then, sharing resources for online novels or gaming strategies was common, but now, such requests can easily trigger online debates.
My parents loved playing Stephen Chow movies at home, which turned me into a belated fan of these classic 1990s Hong Kong comedies. At the core of his humor lies tragedy, yet his films also taught me simple values: be brave, be resilient, stay optimistic, and never give up on your dreams. To me, Stephen Chow feels like an old friend I’ve known for years — a forever-young legend. I wish I had been born earlier, in that golden era.
I’d describe myself as a severe nostalgia (怀旧) addict, especially when it comes to 90s architecture. Just looking at images of those buildings or walking near them brings me a sense of comfort. Though they’ve become relics of the past, nothing is truly forgotten.
1．What can be inferred about the author’s childhood from the first paragraph
A．He had no idea about the online world. B．His life kept pace with the times.
C．His parents were too busy to look after him. D．He had limited access to the internet.
2．What does the author mean by saying “the online vibe was much more inclusive back then”
A．More people were willing to share. B．It is easier to reach an agreement.
C．Different viewpoints could be respected. D．There were more online platforms.
3．What does the author think of Stephen Chow’s films
A．They only appeal to young people. B．They are tragedies with subtle humor.
C．They are difficult to understand today. D．They combine humor with deep meaning.
4．Which of the following best describes the author’s overall tone in the passage
A．Hopeful. B．Emotional. C．Humorous. D．Critical.
热点角度03 词义猜测题
析典例·建模型
（2023·新课标I卷·高考真题·A篇）
Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.”
“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”
There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.”
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A．Offering regular lessons. B．Paying extra attention.
C．Assigning no schoolwork. D．Showing no sympathy.
【解题建模】
第一步，定位划线词： 找到划线词“it”所在的句子。
第二步，分析上下文： 前一句“Some teachers don't give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead.”指出，一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表示同情。后一句是Ho老师的评论“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids.” 这里的“it”必然指代前文提到的事情。
第三步，确定指代内容： 结合上下文，Ho老师认为“不给孩子们布置作业”这种做法对学生是一种伤害（disservice）。因此，“it”指代的是“不给孩子们布置作业”这件事。
最终选出正确答案为C。
研考点·通技法
词义猜测题考查学生根据上下文语境推断生词、短语或代词指代的能力。解题技巧：
1. 利用定义或解释：通过信号词（如 `is, means, refers to, that is`）或同位语、定语从句来推测。
2. 利用逻辑关系：通过对比（`but, however, although`）、因果（`because, so, therefore`）、举例（`such as, for example`）等关系来推测。
3. 利用构词法：通过分析词根、前缀、后缀来猜测词义。
4. 代词指代：指代类问题，答案通常在前文，找到与代词单复数、逻辑一致的先行词。
破类题·提能力
（2024·浙江省首考高考真题）
When was the last time you used a telephone box I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”.
As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!
If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
1．What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to
A．The play. B．The shared house.
C．The sofa. D．The telephone box.
2．Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006
A．To place an urgent call. B．To put up a notice.
C．To shelter from the rain. D．To hold an audition.
3．What do we know about the “mini community library”
A．It provides phone service for free. B．Anyone can contribute to its collection.
C．It is popular among young readers. D．Books must be returned within a month.
4．Why did the author start to use the “library”
A．He wanted to borrow some love stories.
B．He was encouraged by a close neighbour.
C．He found there were excellent free books.
D．He thought it was an ideal place for reading.
热点角度04 主旨大意题
析典例·建模型
（2025·天津卷·高考真题·记叙文）My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning.
In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼).
Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it.
During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day.
The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together.
What would be the best title for the passage
A. The Dollhouse: A Lifelong Toy
B. Growing up with the Dollhouse
C. The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy
D. Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing
【解题建模】
第一步，概括文章主旨： 文章从作者儿时获得玩具小屋写起，描述了它如何陪伴自己成长、启发写作，最终又如何成为与患病母亲情感交流的纽带。
第二步，分析选项：
A项“A Lifelong Toy”只强调了玩具的陪伴性，未触及深层情感意义。
B项“Growing up with the Dollhouse”只概括了成长部分，忽略了母亲这条线。
C项“More Than Just a Toy”暗示了玩具小屋超越了玩具本身，承载了亲情、回忆和创作灵感，准确概括了全文主旨。
D项“Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing”只涉及了部分内容，以偏概全。
第三步，选出最佳标题： 能全面、深刻地概括文章核心内容和情感的标题是C。
最终选出正确答案为C。
研考点·通技法
主旨大意题考查学生对文章整体内容的理解和概括能力。常见题型包括：选择最佳标题、概括段落或文章大意、判断作者写作目的。解题技巧：
1. 关注首尾段落：文章的中心思想往往在首段引出，在尾段总结升华。
2. 寻找高频词和主题句：反复出现的词或句子往往与主题相关。
3. 注意排除干扰项：干扰项通常过于宽泛、以偏概全、或仅仅是文章的一个细节。
4. 记叙文看感悟：对于记叙文，最佳标题通常能体现故事的核心事件和最终的感悟或意义。
5. 新闻报道看核心事实：新闻报道的主旨通常在第一段，即导语部分。
破类题·提能力
（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷高考真题）
“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”
1．What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him
A．He’s odd. B．He’s strict. C．He’s brave. D．He’s rude.
2．Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A．He was trained in it at university. B．He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C．He benefited from it as a patient. D．He wanted to save money for pet owners.
3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B．The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C．Examples of rare animal diseases. D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
4．Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A．To prove Farber’s point. B．To emphasize its importance.
C．To praise veterinarians. D．To advocate animal protection.
（建议用时：45分钟）
刷模拟
A
（2026·四川省内江市·二模）I had to run another phone marathon the other day. Most of you have probably had to do the same at some point in your lives. This one started when I got a bill in the mail with a mistake on it. I knew what getting on the phone to straighten it out would mean but it had to be done. I started by calling the help number on the bill. This led me to the automated phone system with the endless list of options that I had to work through one at a time. Finally I was able to transfer to a person only to be sent overseas with noise on the line and a hard-to-understand operator. And of course they couldn’t help me so I got transferred from department to department while I ground my teeth and tightened my fist. I was about to give up and hang up the phone in frustration when I finally got transferred back to a manager in this country.
The line suddenly sounded crisp, clear, and free of noise. And the voice that answered was cheerful. I could actually hear the smile in her voice too. She was polite, understanding, caring and helped me to clear up the mistake. When we were done I thanked her for her help and wished her a wonderful day. She replied in kind. I hung up tired from my marathon but curiously refreshed as well.
I have no ill feelings towards the other operators I spoke to. They were only doing their jobs as best they could. I am grateful, though, that I stayed on the line long enough — despite all the frustration — to make a connection with a person so full of goodness, joyfulness, and love.
1．What does the writer want to stress by using the word “marathon” in paragraph 1
A．Physical demands. B．The call conditions.
C．Repeated experiences. D．The struggle involved.
2．How did the writer feel during most of the calls
A．Angry. B．Calm. C．Hopeful. D．Confused.
3．What made the writer feel curiously refreshed
A．A cheerful greeting. B．The clear phone line.
C．Fast problem solutions. D．Warm human kindness.
4．What is the writer’s main purpose
A．To explain a billing mistake. B．To share a lesson in patience.
C．To introduce a helpful manager. D．To complain about phone service.
B
（2026·湖北黄冈市·二模）A long-lost sculpture by American artist Harry Bertoia has been rediscovered and is back on display in Michigan.
The dramatic 26-foot-tall piece, created in 1970, now hangs in the seven-story atrium of General Motors’ new global headquarters, in Detroit, according to an announcement from the company.
The artwork, consisting of brass-and-bronze-coated steel wires, was originally commissioned for a Michigan mall. After the mall’s renovation in 1980, it was moved to another location but never displayed, though the mall opened again in 1983. For decades, it lay forgotten in a dusty basement until a shocking discovery in 2017 by an art appraiser (评估人) and a city arts commissioner. “It was all bent up, and dirty, covered with grit and cobwebs,” recalled Celia Bertoia, the artist’s daughter.
Its rescue found a perfect homecoming. General Motors, which had relocated its headquarters to a site with historical ties to the sculpture’s original commissioner, purchased the damaged work for $1 million. The connection runs deeper: GM had commissioned Bertoia’s first major public sculpture in 1953, and the artist, an Italian immigrant who arrived in Detroit at 15, had the auto industry’s deep fascination with metal and light.
Following over a year of careful restoration, installing the massive piece was an engineering feat, requiring a large opening in the building wall and crane lifts. Bertoia, who died in 1978, created art for many public spaces, believing it should be lived with and seen. His daughter sees this vertical sculpture as echoing her father’s spiritual, cosmic perspective. GM plans to offer public tours, finally allowing this once-forgotten masterpiece to be appreciated by all, fulfilling the artist’s wish for his work to connect with people.
1．What does the underlined word “renovation” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Renewal. B．Rediscovery. C．Construction. D．Destruction.
2．What directly led to the rediscovery of the sculpture
A．City’s planned asset inventory. B．Mall closure for redevelopment.
C．Public interest in company history. D．Expert recognition during inspection.
3．Why was GM considered the ideal owner for the rediscovered sculpture
A．It offered the highest bid.
B．It could fund the costly restoration.
C．It held exclusive rights to the artist’s works.
D．It shared historical connections with the piece.
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The artwork is huge and delicate.
B．GM charges visitors for tours to see the sculpture.
C．The scuplture will finally be made available for the public.
D．The artist’s daughter will serve as a tour guide at the exhibit.
C
（2026·湖北宜昌市·二模）As a child growing up in coastal Brittany, Eddie Wang would often watch large quantities of oyster (牡蛎) shells thrown away near the ports. Yet he also observed that these very shells, once burned and processed, were traditionally used as a protective layer on house walls, helping to regulate temperature. This early impression left a lasting impact, planting in him the idea that what others overlooked might hold hidden value.
Years later, Wang revisited this idea, driven by a desire to contribute to a circular economy. “I was fascinated by the unique qualities of oyster shells and wondered how they could be repurposed on a larger scale,” he explained. Through experimentation, his team developed a method to combine cleaned and processed oyster shells with recycled plastic from used bottles. The result is a fine, durable fiber — known as Seawool.
The process involves breaking the shells into a fine powder (粉末), which is then blended with melted recycled polyester (聚酯纤维). Like cooking, the mixture is pressed and pulled to create soft, lightweight fibers. Amazingly, these fibers hold onto the shells’ gift: they fight bad smells and help with temperature control.
Seawool is now gaining attention as a sustainable alternative for making all kinds of products, from clothing to household items. It not only reduces waste from both seafood and plastic industries but also offers a low-carbon production choice compared to conventional man-made fabrics.
Wang views his work as part of a broader movement toward “resource-positive design”. “Every waste stream could be a starting point for innovation,” he says. “By rethinking how materials interact, we can create systems that are both practical and restorative.” Through projects like Seawool, waste is no longer an endpoint, but the beginning of something new.
1．Why did Wang start researching oyster shells
A．He was struck by their large quantity. B．He sought to recycle durable Seawool.
C．He was inspired by their hidden potential. D．He aimed to replace plastics in production.
2．What does the underlined word “blended” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Combined. B．Equipped. C．Occupied. D．Covered.
3．What makes Seawool get so much attention
A．Its low cost. B．Its high quality. C．Its light weight. D．Its wide application.
4．Which of the following may Wang agree with
A．Well begun is half done. B．There’s no such thing as waste.
C．The world is full of opportunities. D．Necessity is the mother of innovation.
D
（2026·湖北黄冈市·二模）Zhang Hongjun once spent his days on noisy construction sites in Shanghai, far from his rural hometown in Fujian province. For over a decade, his life followed a common path: long hours of labor, low pay, and the loneliness of being a migrant worker in a vast city. He dreamed of a change but saw few opportunities back home.
A visit became a turning point. Stuck in his village, Zhang noticed something new. The roads were paved, internet signals were strong, and the local government was offering support to those willing to start businesses. The beautiful mountains and fresh air, once taken for granted, now seemed full of potential. An idea began to form: what if he could build a future here, not just make a living there
Using his savings and a small government grant, Zhang took a daring step. He transformed his family’s old, empty house into a modern café, a place where city visitors could enjoy coffee while viewing the terraced fields. At first, neighbors were puzzled. “Who will come to the mountains for coffee ” they asked. Zhang persisted, learning about coffee beans and design online.
Today, “Mountain Cloud Café” is more than a coffee shop. It’s a window for his village. Tourists come on weekends, and through his café, they discover and buy local specialties like mountain tea and dried fruits. Zhang has hired two local women, providing them with stable income. More importantly, his success has sparked a conversation. A few other young people, who once thought leaving was the only option, are now asking, “Could I come back too ”
“My dream isn’t huge,” Zhang says, looking at the lively scene outside. “I just want our home to thrive, so that our children might have a choice to stay.” His journey from construction site to café owner paints a picture of modern rural China — one where returning wings bring new life.
1．Which of the following best describes Zhang’s early life as a migrant worker
A．Relaxed and secure. B．Disconnected but satisfied.
C．Lonely and unfulfilled. D．Stressful but meaningful.
2．Why did Zhang return and start his Café business
A．He failed in his job in Shanghai.
B．He was in poor condition in the city.
C．He was invited by the local government.
D．He found new changes and support in his village.
3．What can we learn about Mountain Cloud Café
A．It has helped develop the village.
B．It features providing modern coffee.
C．It mainly sells coffee to young villagers.
D．It is well received from beginning to end.
4．What can be the most suitable title for the text
A．A New Trend of City Tourism
B．The Importance of Local Specialties
C．From Migrant Worker to Café Owner
D．Ways to Run a Successful Country Café
刷真题
A
（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷高考真题）Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.
Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.
“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”
It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit
Trost thinks so.
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.
And you’ll never be without something to read.
1．Why did BART start the kiosk program
A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use.
C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs.
2．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk
A．By popularity. B．By length.
C．By theme. D．By language.
3．What has Trost been doing recently
A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers.
C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists.
4．What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future
A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline.
C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase.
B
（2025·上海高考真题）
Andreas Schleicher sat down quietly toward the back of the room, trying not to attract attention. He did this sometimes, wandering into classes he had no intention of taking.
It was the mid-1980s, and he was studying physics at the University of Hamburg, one of Germany’s leading universities. In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. This class was taught by Thomas Neville Postlethwaite, who called himself an “educational scientist.” Schleicher found the title curious.
Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. “You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,” his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could.
Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. He found himself raising his hand and joining the discussion.
In Schleicher’s experience, German schools had not been as exceptional as German educators seemed to think. As a boy, he’d felt bored much of the time and earned ordinary grades. But, as a teenager, several teachers had encouraged his fascination with science and numbers, and his grades had improved. In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture.
At the end of class, the professor asked Schleicher to stay behind. He could tell that there was something different about this young man.
“Would you like to help me with this research ”
Schleicher stared back at him, shocked. “I know nothing about education.”
“Oh, that doesn’t matter,” Postlethwaite said, smiling.
After that, the two men began to team up, eventually creating the first international reading test, a test that measured reading ability globally.
1．Which of the following is true of Schleicher in his university years
A．He benefited from watching TV.
B．He often debated with his classmates.
C．He dropped in at different lectures.
D．He felt dissatisfied with his grades.
2．What can be learned about Schleicher’s father from the passage
A．He measured human qualities in a hard way.
B．He had conflicting ideas with Postlethwaite.
C．He considered education both art and science.
D．He had a preference for physics over education.
3．What does the word “That” (para.5) probably refer to
A．Obtaining a decent job.
B．Winning a national prize.
C．Joining heated discussions.
D．Designing a reading test.
4．Why was Schleicher different in Postlethwaite’s eyes
A．He was recommended by his high school teachers.
B．He had the potential for quantitative educational research.
C．He had good academic records during his school years.
D．He was influenced by his father’s research approach.
C
（2024·北京·高考真题）
When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns.
In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.
But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice.
One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints.
Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going.
Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments.
1．How did the author feel about the result of the art exam
A．Scared. B．Worried. C．Discouraged. D．Wronged.
2．In her 30s, the author _________.
A．avoided oil painting practice B．sought for a painting career
C．fancied abstract painting D．exhibited child paintings
3．Which word would best describe the author’s dream
A．Confusing. B．Empowering.
C．Disturbing. D．Entertaining.
4．What can we learn from this passage
A．Actions speak louder than words. B．Hard work is the mother of success.
C．Dreams are the reflections of realities. D．Creative activities involve being confident.
D
（2023·天津·高考真题）
One freezing morning last February, I walked through Ontario Place. Trees were frosted sculptures. Large chunks of ice floated in the lake. Then I saw a group of people in bathing suits bouncing up and down in the water. They held hands, shouting and yelling into the sky. They looked and sounded so free.
I’ve always found cold water thrilling. The shock of it is like pressing a switch. It seems to reset my body and soul.
And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I woke up most mornings with a dull, grey feeling as I forced myself out of bed to start the day. I needed something to cheer myself up, but I didn’t know what, until that day.
The ice warriors (勇士) emerged from the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each other. I called out: “You guys are awesome!” One woman waved back, “Come and join us! We’ re here every Monday morning.”
The night before my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervous. Cold water was one thing, but this icy lake was a whole other level. Should I back out Eventually, I got up in the dark and drove to the meeting spot.
After some wild warm up, I charged into the lake along with others. We yelled into the sky. Teeth chattering heart rates slowing, fingers and toes going numb (麻木), we stayed there for somewhere between two and five minutes. Knowing it was my first time, people cheered me on. It felt amazing. I was stupid with cold, but I couldn’t remember the last time I’d felt so happy.
Now I go dipping almost every day, and I’ve come to long for that moment when the cold becomes a second skin and my internal voice goes silent. Apart from the thrill of those first heart-stopping dives, which, ironically, saved me from going under, what has drawn me is this community of generous, open-hearted souls.
We laughed together, often, but from the stories we’ve shared about ourselves, I know I’m not the only one who faces life’s challenges. Holding hands in the freezing lake, we looked out for each other last winter and will do so through this one.
It won’t fix everything in our lives—but for some reason, it helps. At the end of each session I return home feeling stronger, lighter, more able to carry on. As another winter sets in, I’m more than ready to embrace the cold again.
1．When the author saw the people in the lake, her feeling can be best described as __________
A．nervous B．amazed
C．frightened D．calm
2．Why did the author think of joining the swimmers
A．To expand her social circle. B．To lift her spirits again.
C．To adapt to the cold weather. D．To prepare for a new career
3．What can be learnt about the author’s first dipping
A．She hesitated a bit before going.
B．She suffered from a heart problem.
C．She stayed in cold water too long.
D．She regretted not doing enough warm up.
4．What change has cold water swimming brought about in the author
A．She is more intelligent.
B．She gets more competitive.
C．She becomes a better storyteller.
D．She regains her inner peace.
5．What message does the author most likely want to convey
A．Severe cold builds up character
B．Group wisdom brightens our life.
C．Tackling the odds together cures.
D．Doing sports promotes friendship.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题02 阅读理解专题记叙文和新闻报道
内容导航
【命题解码·定方向】命题趋势+3年高考真题热点角度拆解
【解题建模·通技法】析典例，建模型，技法贯通破类题/变式
【实战刷题·冲高分】精选高考大题+名校模拟题，强化实战能力，得高分
命题·趋势·定位
1. 选材特点：
记叙文和新闻报道是高考英语阅读理解的高频体裁。记叙文通常选取个人成长故事、人物特写、生活感悟、亲情友情、励志经历、文化趣闻等主题，强调故事性、情感性和启发性。新闻报道则聚焦社会热点、科技突破、体育赛事、环境保护、文化现象、人物专访等，强调时效性、真实性和客观性。
2. 语篇结构：
记叙文：通常按照时间顺序或情感发展线索展开，结构清晰，包括背景介绍、情节发展、高潮转折和结局感悟。文章结尾往往蕴含作者的观点或人生哲理。
新闻报道：多采用倒金字塔结构，即最重要的信息（5W1H：人物、时间、地点、事件、原因、方式）放在开头，随后按重要性递减的顺序展开细节。有时也会采用时间顺序或逻辑顺序。
3. 命题热点：
记叙文：重点考查细节理解（人物行为、事件过程）、推理判断（人物情感、写作意图、言外之意）、词义猜测（结合语境推断词义）以及主旨大意（故事寓意、标题选择）。
新闻报道：重点考查细节理解（新闻事实、数据、引语）、推理判断（作者态度、事件影响、报道目的）、写作手法（如引用专家观点、列举数据的作用）。
4. 常见的设问形式：
What can we learn about...
Why did the author...
What does the underlined word “...” in paragraph X refer to
What is the best title for the text
What is the author's purpose in writing the text
What can be inferred from the passage
How did the author feel when...
热点·角度·拆解
2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读理解记叙文和新闻报道）
卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式
2025·浙江1月卷 350 人与自我 教师将爱好融入教学，启发学生 细节理解、推理判断、观点态度
2025·天津卷 380 人与社会 玩具小屋承载的家庭情感与传承 细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意
2025·全国二卷 320 人与社会 医院学校教师的多重角色与意义 细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断
2025·上海卷 400 人与自我 学者从物理学转向教育研究的经历 细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测
2024·北京卷 360 人与自我 画家重拾绘画信心的心理历程 细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断
2024·新课标I卷 330 人与社会 兽医将针灸等整体医学用于动物治疗 细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断
2023·全国甲卷 310 人与自我 女性DIY爱好者的技能与传承 词义猜测、细节理解、推理判断
2023·北京卷 340 人与自我 科研申请被拒后的转机与成长 细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意
热点角度01 细节理解题
析典例·建模型
（2025·浙江1月卷·高考真题·）
When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies.
No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications.
When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself.
What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own.
What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author
A. Students' misunderstandings about teachers.
B. Students' false assumptions about learning.
C. The irrelevance of textbooks to students' life.
D. The gap between teachers' and students' hobbies.
【解题建模】
第一步，确定定位词： 题干中的关键信息是“challenge”和“teachers”。
第二步，找到答题句： 文章第一句“When you're a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions.”明确指出，教师工作的很大一部分是“battling student misconceptions（与学生的错误认知作斗争）”。下文进一步解释了这些错误认知是什么：认为学习无趣、与现实无关。
第三步，比较各选项： 选项B“Students' false assumptions about learning.”（学生对学习的错误假设）是对“student misconceptions”的同义转述，与原文表述一致。其他选项A、C、D在文中均未提及。
最终选出正确答案为B。
研考点·通技法
第一步 确定定位词 在题干中找出关键的人名、地名、时间、数字、核心名词或动词等，作为定位词。
第二步 找到答题句 用定位词或其同义词到原文中去定位，找到相关的句子。答案通常就在该句或其前后的上下文中。
第三步 比较各选项 将四个选项与找到的答题句进行仔细比对，选出与原文表述一致的正确选项。注意排除“无中生有”、“答非所问”、“偷换概念”等干扰项。
破类题·提能力
（2025·天津高考真题·）
My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning.
In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼).
Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it.
During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day.
The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together.
1．What did the author’s mother teach her to do
A．To sew and create miniatures.
B．To add imaginary figures to the dollhouse.
C．To make up fairy tales set in the dollhouse.
D．To do oil paintings and glue them onto the little walls.
2．Why did the author decide to update the dollhouse decades later
A．She intended to follow the trend on social media.
B．She was eager to start a new career as a toy designer.
C．She felt the urge to compete with other dollhouse makers.
D．She was inspired by people sharing their dollhouses online.
3．What did the author learn about dollhouses from the audiobooks
A．They were initially created for play.
B．People once sought comfort in them.
C．Rich people sold them for money during difficult times.
D．A uniform standard for their production was set in 1945.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，包括其来源、作者小时候与母亲一起制作玩具小屋内的物品、长大后因玩具小屋而走上写作道路，以及多年后因母亲记忆力衰退而重新更新玩具小屋，并在此过程中与母亲共度美好时光的经历。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. (妈妈俯身在我身上，双手放在我的手上，轻轻地把小块布料引到针下，做成玩具小屋的床上用品。她还教我制作迷你毯子。妈妈用一点颜料和胶水向我展示，任何东西都可以变成玩具小屋的家具。)”可知，作者的妈妈教她缝纫和制作微型物品。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. (一天，在写了四个小时的第四本书后，我上网休息了一下，碰巧注意到人们在社交媒体上发布的漂亮的玩具小屋。它们让我想起了我的玩具小屋。我去了阁楼，把它带回我的房间，开始更新它。)”可知，作者决定更新玩具小屋是因为她在网上看到人们分享他们的玩具小屋，这让她想起了自己的玩具小屋。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. (在无意识地缝纫和布置家具的几个小时里，我听了一些关于玩具小屋历史的有声书，了解到它们并不是为了玩而发明的。人们在困境中求助于玩具小屋以寻求安慰，有着悠久而丰富的历史。)”可知，作者从有声书中了解到人们曾经在玩具小屋中寻求安慰。故选B项。
热点角度02 推理判断题
析典例·建模型
（2025·天津高考真题·）
My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning.
In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼).
Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it.
During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day.
The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together.
What role did the dollhouse play in strengthening the emotional
ties between the author and her aging mother
A. A reminder of their childhood dreams.
B. A mirror of the eventful family history.
C. A tool to bring back good old memories.
D. A means to improve her mother's memory.
【解题建模】
第一步，明确推理方向： 题干问的是“玩具小屋在加强作者和年迈母亲之间情感联系方面扮演了什么角色？”这需要我们从字里行间推断其作用。
第二步，寻找线索句： 关键句是“The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse.”和“She loved retelling its history those old memories.” 这表明，尽管母亲记忆衰退，但谈论玩具小屋能带给她们真实的快乐，并且母亲喜欢重述与之相关的古老记忆。
第三步，合理推断： 由此可以推断，玩具小屋成为了一个媒介，让母女能够共享快乐的时光，共同回忆过去，从而加强了她们的情感纽带。选项C“A tool to bring back good old memories.”（一个带回美好旧时光的工具）准确地概括了这一作用。
最终选出正确答案为C。
研考点·通技法
推理判断题考查学生理解文章字面意思，并据此推断出隐含信息的能力。常见的推理包括：人物情感、作者态度、写作目的、事件原因、下文内容等。解题时需注意：
1. 忠实于原文：推理的依据必须来自原文，切忌主观臆断。
2. 抓住关键词句：关注表示情感、态度、逻辑关系的词句。
3. 排除过度推断：选项若表述过于绝对或与主旨相悖，往往是错误的。
破类题·提能力
（2026·浙江金丽衢十二校高三·二模）
I was born in 2010 in the countryside, which may be why I always felt a little out of step with the times. Throughout my childhood, I had never seen tall buildings or had a smartphone. The old computer we had at home was my only window to the online world, which I began exploring at the age of 8. My parents were busy during the day, so surfing the internet was a big deal for me. I always turned off the computer before they got home to let it cool down and hide what I had been doing all day.
I feel like the online vibe was much more inclusive back then. I still remember the friendly debates about the various adaptations of Legends of the Condor Heroes. Everyone would share their thoughts and reasons. Just the other day, I saw a similar question on Xiaohongshu, but the discussion quickly turned into heated arguments. Back then, sharing resources for online novels or gaming strategies was common, but now, such requests can easily trigger online debates.
My parents loved playing Stephen Chow movies at home, which turned me into a belated fan of these classic 1990s Hong Kong comedies. At the core of his humor lies tragedy, yet his films also taught me simple values: be brave, be resilient, stay optimistic, and never give up on your dreams. To me, Stephen Chow feels like an old friend I’ve known for years — a forever-young legend. I wish I had been born earlier, in that golden era.
I’d describe myself as a severe nostalgia (怀旧) addict, especially when it comes to 90s architecture. Just looking at images of those buildings or walking near them brings me a sense of comfort. Though they’ve become relics of the past, nothing is truly forgotten.
1．What can be inferred about the author’s childhood from the first paragraph
A．He had no idea about the online world. B．His life kept pace with the times.
C．His parents were too busy to look after him. D．He had limited access to the internet.
2．What does the author mean by saying “the online vibe was much more inclusive back then”
A．More people were willing to share. B．It is easier to reach an agreement.
C．Different viewpoints could be respected. D．There were more online platforms.
3．What does the author think of Stephen Chow’s films
A．They only appeal to young people. B．They are tragedies with subtle humor.
C．They are difficult to understand today. D．They combine humor with deep meaning.
4．Which of the following best describes the author’s overall tone in the passage
A．Hopeful. B．Emotional. C．Humorous. D．Critical.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者的童年经历，表达对过去网络氛围、经典影片和90年代建筑的怀念之情。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Throughout my childhood, I had never seen tall buildings or had a smartphone. The old computer we had at home was my only window to the online world, which I began exploring at the age of 8. My parents were busy during the day, so surfing the internet was a big deal for me. I always turned off the computer before they got home to let it cool down and hide what I had been doing all day.(在我的整个童年时期，我从未见过高楼大厦，也没有智能手机。家里那台旧电脑是我通往网络世界的唯一窗口，我从8岁开始探索网络。父母白天很忙，所以上网对我来说是件大事。我总是在他们回家前关掉电脑，让它冷却下来，掩盖我一整天都在做的事情)”可知，作者童年接触网络的途径十分有限。故选D项。
2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“I still remember the friendly debates about the various adaptations of Legends of the Condor Heroes. Everyone would share their thoughts and reasons. Just the other day, I saw a similar question on Xiaohongshu, but the discussion quickly turned into heated arguments.(我还记得关于《射雕英雄传》各改编版本的友好讨论。每个人都会分享自己的想法和理由。就在前几天，我在小红书上看到一个类似的问题，但讨论很快变成了激烈的争吵)” 可知，过去网络讨论是友好的，人们可以表达不同观点并互相尊重，而现在容易变成激烈争吵，由此可推测划线部分的句意为“不同的观点能够得到尊重”。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At the core of his humor lies tragedy, yet his films also taught me simple values: be brave, be resilient, stay optimistic, and never give up on your dreams.(他的幽默核心是悲剧，然而他的电影也教会了我简单的价值观：勇敢、坚韧、保持乐观，永不放弃梦想)”可知，作者认为周星驰的电影将幽默与深刻内涵相结合。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I’d describe myself as a severe nostalgia (怀旧) addict, especially when it comes to 90s architecture. Just looking at images of those buildings or walking near them brings me a sense of comfort.(我会形容自己是一个重度怀旧者，尤其是在90年代的建筑方面。仅仅是看着这些建筑的照片或者在它们附近行走，就会给我带来一种慰藉感)”以及全文多处抒发怀念、感慨的语句可知，作者整体语气充满情感。故选B项。
热点角度03 词义猜测题
析典例·建模型
（2023·新课标I卷·高考真题·A篇）
Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.”
“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”
There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.”
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A．Offering regular lessons. B．Paying extra attention.
C．Assigning no schoolwork. D．Showing no sympathy.
【解题建模】
第一步，定位划线词： 找到划线词“it”所在的句子。
第二步，分析上下文： 前一句“Some teachers don't give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead.”指出，一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表示同情。后一句是Ho老师的评论“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids.” 这里的“it”必然指代前文提到的事情。
第三步，确定指代内容： 结合上下文，Ho老师认为“不给孩子们布置作业”这种做法对学生是一种伤害（disservice）。因此，“it”指代的是“不给孩子们布置作业”这件事。
最终选出正确答案为C。
研考点·通技法
词义猜测题考查学生根据上下文语境推断生词、短语或代词指代的能力。解题技巧：
1. 利用定义或解释：通过信号词（如 `is, means, refers to, that is`）或同位语、定语从句来推测。
2. 利用逻辑关系：通过对比（`but, however, although`）、因果（`because, so, therefore`）、举例（`such as, for example`）等关系来推测。
3. 利用构词法：通过分析词根、前缀、后缀来猜测词义。
4. 代词指代：指代类问题，答案通常在前文，找到与代词单复数、逻辑一致的先行词。
破类题·提能力
（2024·浙江省首考高考真题）
When was the last time you used a telephone box I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”.
As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!
If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
1．What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to
A．The play. B．The shared house.
C．The sofa. D．The telephone box.
2．Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006
A．To place an urgent call. B．To put up a notice.
C．To shelter from the rain. D．To hold an audition.
3．What do we know about the “mini community library”
A．It provides phone service for free. B．Anyone can contribute to its collection.
C．It is popular among young readers. D．Books must be returned within a month.
4．Why did the author start to use the “library”
A．He wanted to borrow some love stories.
B．He was encouraged by a close neighbour.
C．He found there were excellent free books.
D．He thought it was an ideal place for reading.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。
1．词句猜测题。根据第一段第五句“I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.(所以，我打电话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.(最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图书。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是免费的。这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的书！)”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。
热点角度04 主旨大意题
析典例·建模型
（2025·天津卷·高考真题·记叙文）My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning.
In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼).
Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it.
During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day.
The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together.
What would be the best title for the passage
A. The Dollhouse: A Lifelong Toy
B. Growing up with the Dollhouse
C. The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy
D. Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing
【解题建模】
第一步，概括文章主旨： 文章从作者儿时获得玩具小屋写起，描述了它如何陪伴自己成长、启发写作，最终又如何成为与患病母亲情感交流的纽带。
第二步，分析选项：
A项“A Lifelong Toy”只强调了玩具的陪伴性，未触及深层情感意义。
B项“Growing up with the Dollhouse”只概括了成长部分，忽略了母亲这条线。
C项“More Than Just a Toy”暗示了玩具小屋超越了玩具本身，承载了亲情、回忆和创作灵感，准确概括了全文主旨。
D项“Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing”只涉及了部分内容，以偏概全。
第三步，选出最佳标题： 能全面、深刻地概括文章核心内容和情感的标题是C。
最终选出正确答案为C。
研考点·通技法
主旨大意题考查学生对文章整体内容的理解和概括能力。常见题型包括：选择最佳标题、概括段落或文章大意、判断作者写作目的。解题技巧：
1. 关注首尾段落：文章的中心思想往往在首段引出，在尾段总结升华。
2. 寻找高频词和主题句：反复出现的词或句子往往与主题相关。
3. 注意排除干扰项：干扰项通常过于宽泛、以偏概全、或仅仅是文章的一个细节。
4. 记叙文看感悟：对于记叙文，最佳标题通常能体现故事的核心事件和最终的感悟或意义。
5. 新闻报道看核心事实：新闻报道的主旨通常在第一段，即导语部分。
破类题·提能力
（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷高考真题）
“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”
1．What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him
A．He’s odd. B．He’s strict. C．He’s brave. D．He’s rude.
2．Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A．He was trained in it at university. B．He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C．He benefited from it as a patient. D．He wanted to save money for pet owners.
3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B．The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C．Examples of rare animal diseases. D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
4．Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A．To prove Farber’s point. B．To emphasize its importance.
C．To praise veterinarians. D．To advocate animal protection.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点戒备的姿态，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
（建议用时：45分钟）
刷模拟
A
（2026·四川省内江市·二模）I had to run another phone marathon the other day. Most of you have probably had to do the same at some point in your lives. This one started when I got a bill in the mail with a mistake on it. I knew what getting on the phone to straighten it out would mean but it had to be done. I started by calling the help number on the bill. This led me to the automated phone system with the endless list of options that I had to work through one at a time. Finally I was able to transfer to a person only to be sent overseas with noise on the line and a hard-to-understand operator. And of course they couldn’t help me so I got transferred from department to department while I ground my teeth and tightened my fist. I was about to give up and hang up the phone in frustration when I finally got transferred back to a manager in this country.
The line suddenly sounded crisp, clear, and free of noise. And the voice that answered was cheerful. I could actually hear the smile in her voice too. She was polite, understanding, caring and helped me to clear up the mistake. When we were done I thanked her for her help and wished her a wonderful day. She replied in kind. I hung up tired from my marathon but curiously refreshed as well.
I have no ill feelings towards the other operators I spoke to. They were only doing their jobs as best they could. I am grateful, though, that I stayed on the line long enough — despite all the frustration — to make a connection with a person so full of goodness, joyfulness, and love.
1．What does the writer want to stress by using the word “marathon” in paragraph 1
A．Physical demands. B．The call conditions.
C．Repeated experiences. D．The struggle involved.
2．How did the writer feel during most of the calls
A．Angry. B．Calm. C．Hopeful. D．Confused.
3．What made the writer feel curiously refreshed
A．A cheerful greeting. B．The clear phone line.
C．Fast problem solutions. D．Warm human kindness.
4．What is the writer’s main purpose
A．To explain a billing mistake. B．To share a lesson in patience.
C．To introduce a helpful manager. D．To complain about phone service.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者打客服电话解决账单错误的经历，以及一位友善工作人员带来的温暖与感悟。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This one started when I got a bill in the mail with a mistake on it. I knew what getting on the phone to straighten it out would mean but it had to be done. I started by calling the help number on the bill. This led me to the automated phone system with the endless list of options that I had to work through one at a time. Finally I was able to transfer to a person only to be sent overseas with noise on the line and a hard-to-understand operator. And of course they couldn’t help me so I got transferred from department to department while I ground my teeth and tightened my fist.(这场马拉松始于一封邮寄来的账单，上面有一个错误。我知道打电话去解决问题意味着要经历什么，但这件事必须处理。我先拨打了账单上的客服电话。这通电话把我引向了自动语音应答系统，面对一长串选项，我不得不一个个地按下去。终于，我被转接给了人工客服，可电话却被转接到了国外，线路里噪音不断，客服人员的口音也让人难以听懂。当然，他们根本帮不了我，于是我就在咬牙切齿、攥紧拳头的状态下，被一个部门转接至另一个部门。)”可知，作者拨打客服电话过程漫长、曲折、令人煎熬，用“marathon”强调其中的艰难与费力。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“And of course they couldn’t help me so I got transferred from department to department while I ground my teeth and tightened my fist. I was about to give up and hang up the phone in frustration when I finally got transferred back to a manager in this country.(当然，他们根本帮不了我，于是我就在咬牙切齿、攥紧拳头的状态下，被一个部门转接至另一个部门。就在我即将放弃、沮丧地想要挂电话时，电话终于被转回了本国的一位经理那里。)”可知，作者在大部分通话过程中感到愤怒、沮丧。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The line suddenly sounded crisp, clear, and free of noise. And the voice that answered was cheerful. I could actually hear the smile in her voice too. She was polite, understanding, caring and helped me to clear up the mistake. When we were done I thanked her for her help and wished her a wonderful day. She replied in kind. I hung up tired from my marathon but curiously refreshed as well.(电话那头的声音突然变得清晰、干脆，没有一丝杂音。接电话的人声音欢快，我甚至能从她的语气中听出笑容。她礼貌、善解人意、充满关怀，帮我成功解决了账单上的错误。通话结束后，我感谢了她的帮助，并祝她度过美好的一天。她也同样向我送上了祝福。我挂断电话时，身体虽因那场“马拉松”而疲惫，却莫名地感到精神一振。)”可知，是工作人员温暖的善意让作者感到精神一振。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I am grateful, though, that I stayed on the line long enough — despite all the frustration — to make a connection with a person so full of goodness, joyfulness, and love.(不过，我很感激自己尽管满心沮丧，还是坚持留在电话线上，最终联系到了这样一位内心充满善良、喜悦与爱的人。)”可知，作者通过这次经历想分享关于耐心的感悟。故选B。
B
（2026·湖北黄冈市·二模）A long-lost sculpture by American artist Harry Bertoia has been rediscovered and is back on display in Michigan.
The dramatic 26-foot-tall piece, created in 1970, now hangs in the seven-story atrium of General Motors’ new global headquarters, in Detroit, according to an announcement from the company.
The artwork, consisting of brass-and-bronze-coated steel wires, was originally commissioned for a Michigan mall. After the mall’s renovation in 1980, it was moved to another location but never displayed, though the mall opened again in 1983. For decades, it lay forgotten in a dusty basement until a shocking discovery in 2017 by an art appraiser (评估人) and a city arts commissioner. “It was all bent up, and dirty, covered with grit and cobwebs,” recalled Celia Bertoia, the artist’s daughter.
Its rescue found a perfect homecoming. General Motors, which had relocated its headquarters to a site with historical ties to the sculpture’s original commissioner, purchased the damaged work for $1 million. The connection runs deeper: GM had commissioned Bertoia’s first major public sculpture in 1953, and the artist, an Italian immigrant who arrived in Detroit at 15, had the auto industry’s deep fascination with metal and light.
Following over a year of careful restoration, installing the massive piece was an engineering feat, requiring a large opening in the building wall and crane lifts. Bertoia, who died in 1978, created art for many public spaces, believing it should be lived with and seen. His daughter sees this vertical sculpture as echoing her father’s spiritual, cosmic perspective. GM plans to offer public tours, finally allowing this once-forgotten masterpiece to be appreciated by all, fulfilling the artist’s wish for his work to connect with people.
1．What does the underlined word “renovation” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Renewal. B．Rediscovery. C．Construction. D．Destruction.
2．What directly led to the rediscovery of the sculpture
A．City’s planned asset inventory. B．Mall closure for redevelopment.
C．Public interest in company history. D．Expert recognition during inspection.
3．Why was GM considered the ideal owner for the rediscovered sculpture
A．It offered the highest bid.
B．It could fund the costly restoration.
C．It held exclusive rights to the artist’s works.
D．It shared historical connections with the piece.
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The artwork is huge and delicate.
B．GM charges visitors for tours to see the sculpture.
C．The scuplture will finally be made available for the public.
D．The artist’s daughter will serve as a tour guide at the exhibit.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍美国艺术家哈里·伯托亚一件失踪已久的雕塑被重新发现、修复并在通用汽车总部公开展出的经过。
1．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“After the mall’s renovation in 1980, it was moved to another location but never displayed, though the mall opened again in 1983.(1980年商场renovation后，它被搬到了另一个地方，但从未展出，尽管商场在1983年重新开放。)”可知，商场在1980年经过改造后，1983年重新开放，由此可推知“renovation”意为“翻新、整修”。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For decades, it lay forgotten in a dusty basement until a shocking discovery in 2017 by an art appraiser (评估人) and a city arts commissioner. (几十年来，它被遗忘在布满灰尘的地下室里，直到2017年一位艺术评估师和一位城市艺术专员有了惊人发现。)”可知，专家在检查过程中的识别发现直接导致了雕塑的重新找到。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The connection runs deeper: GM had commissioned Bertoia’s first major public sculpture in 1953, and the artist, an Italian immigrant who arrived in Detroit at 15, had the auto industry’s deep fascination with metal and light.(这种联系更为深远：通用汽车在1953年委托伯托亚创作了他第一件重要的公共雕塑，而这位15岁来到底特律的意大利移民艺术家，对汽车行业的金属和光线有着深深的迷恋。)”可知，通用汽车被认为是这件重新发现雕塑的理想所有者，是因为它与这件作品有着历史渊源。故选D项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“GM plans to offer public tours, finally allowing this once-forgotten masterpiece to be appreciated by all, fulfilling the artist’s wish for his work to connect with people.(通用汽车计划提供公众参观，最终让这件曾经被遗忘的杰作被所有人欣赏，实现了艺术家希望自己的作品与人们产生联系的愿望。)”可知，这座雕塑最终将向公众开放。故选C项。
C
（2026·湖北宜昌市·二模）As a child growing up in coastal Brittany, Eddie Wang would often watch large quantities of oyster (牡蛎) shells thrown away near the ports. Yet he also observed that these very shells, once burned and processed, were traditionally used as a protective layer on house walls, helping to regulate temperature. This early impression left a lasting impact, planting in him the idea that what others overlooked might hold hidden value.
Years later, Wang revisited this idea, driven by a desire to contribute to a circular economy. “I was fascinated by the unique qualities of oyster shells and wondered how they could be repurposed on a larger scale,” he explained. Through experimentation, his team developed a method to combine cleaned and processed oyster shells with recycled plastic from used bottles. The result is a fine, durable fiber — known as Seawool.
The process involves breaking the shells into a fine powder (粉末), which is then blended with melted recycled polyester (聚酯纤维). Like cooking, the mixture is pressed and pulled to create soft, lightweight fibers. Amazingly, these fibers hold onto the shells’ gift: they fight bad smells and help with temperature control.
Seawool is now gaining attention as a sustainable alternative for making all kinds of products, from clothing to household items. It not only reduces waste from both seafood and plastic industries but also offers a low-carbon production choice compared to conventional man-made fabrics.
Wang views his work as part of a broader movement toward “resource-positive design”. “Every waste stream could be a starting point for innovation,” he says. “By rethinking how materials interact, we can create systems that are both practical and restorative.” Through projects like Seawool, waste is no longer an endpoint, but the beginning of something new.
1．Why did Wang start researching oyster shells
A．He was struck by their large quantity. B．He sought to recycle durable Seawool.
C．He was inspired by their hidden potential. D．He aimed to replace plastics in production.
2．What does the underlined word “blended” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Combined. B．Equipped. C．Occupied. D．Covered.
3．What makes Seawool get so much attention
A．Its low cost. B．Its high quality. C．Its light weight. D．Its wide application.
4．Which of the following may Wang agree with
A．Well begun is half done. B．There’s no such thing as waste.
C．The world is full of opportunities. D．Necessity is the mother of innovation.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Eddie Wang受童年观察启发，将被丢弃的牡蛎壳与回收塑料结合，研发出可持续新材料Seawool，实现废物再利用，践行循环经济与资源创新设计理念的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This early impression left a lasting impact, planting in him the idea that what others overlooked might hold hidden value.(这个早期的印象给他留下了持久的影响，让他萌生了这样的想法：别人忽视的东西可能隐藏着价值。)”以及第二段中的“Years later, Wang revisited this idea, driven by a desire to contribute to a circular economy.(多年后，Wang重温了这个想法，出于为循环经济做出贡献的愿望。)”可知，Wang开始研究牡蛎壳是因为他受到了牡蛎壳潜在价值的启发。故选C项。
2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“The process involves breaking the shells into a fine powder (粉末), which is then blended with melted recycled polyester (聚酯纤维).(这个过程包括将贝壳磨成细粉，然后与熔化的回收聚酯_____。)”以及后文“Like cooking, the mixture is pressed and pulled to create soft, lightweight fibers.(就像烹饪一样，将混合物压拉，制成柔软、轻质的纤维。)”可知，贝壳磨成的细粉要和熔化的回收聚酯混合，然后压拉制成纤维，所以blended意思是“混合”，与Combined意思相近。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Seawool is now gaining attention as a sustainable alternative for making all kinds of products, from clothing to household items.(作为一种可持续的替代品，Seawool现在正受到关注，可用于制造从服装到家居用品等各种产品。)”可知，Seawool受到关注是因为它的应用广泛。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wang views his work as part of a broader movement toward ‘resource-positive design’. ‘Every waste stream could be a starting point for innovation,’ he says. ‘By rethinking how materials interact, we can create systems that are both practical and restorative.’ Through projects like Seawool, waste is no longer an endpoint, but the beginning of something new.(Wang将他的工作视为更广泛的‘资源正向设计’运动的一部分。他说：‘每一种废物流都可能是创新的起点。’‘通过重新思考材料如何相互作用，我们可以创建既实用又具有恢复性的系统。’通过像Seawool这样的项目，废物不再是终点，而是新事物的开始。)”可推知，Wang会认同“没有真正的废物”这一观点。故选B项。
D
（2026·湖北黄冈市·二模）Zhang Hongjun once spent his days on noisy construction sites in Shanghai, far from his rural hometown in Fujian province. For over a decade, his life followed a common path: long hours of labor, low pay, and the loneliness of being a migrant worker in a vast city. He dreamed of a change but saw few opportunities back home.
A visit became a turning point. Stuck in his village, Zhang noticed something new. The roads were paved, internet signals were strong, and the local government was offering support to those willing to start businesses. The beautiful mountains and fresh air, once taken for granted, now seemed full of potential. An idea began to form: what if he could build a future here, not just make a living there
Using his savings and a small government grant, Zhang took a daring step. He transformed his family’s old, empty house into a modern café, a place where city visitors could enjoy coffee while viewing the terraced fields. At first, neighbors were puzzled. “Who will come to the mountains for coffee ” they asked. Zhang persisted, learning about coffee beans and design online.
Today, “Mountain Cloud Café” is more than a coffee shop. It’s a window for his village. Tourists come on weekends, and through his café, they discover and buy local specialties like mountain tea and dried fruits. Zhang has hired two local women, providing them with stable income. More importantly, his success has sparked a conversation. A few other young people, who once thought leaving was the only option, are now asking, “Could I come back too ”
“My dream isn’t huge,” Zhang says, looking at the lively scene outside. “I just want our home to thrive, so that our children might have a choice to stay.” His journey from construction site to café owner paints a picture of modern rural China — one where returning wings bring new life.
1．Which of the following best describes Zhang’s early life as a migrant worker
A．Relaxed and secure. B．Disconnected but satisfied.
C．Lonely and unfulfilled. D．Stressful but meaningful.
2．Why did Zhang return and start his Café business
A．He failed in his job in Shanghai.
B．He was in poor condition in the city.
C．He was invited by the local government.
D．He found new changes and support in his village.
3．What can we learn about Mountain Cloud Café
A．It has helped develop the village.
B．It features providing modern coffee.
C．It mainly sells coffee to young villagers.
D．It is well received from beginning to end.
4．What can be the most suitable title for the text
A．A New Trend of City Tourism
B．The Importance of Local Specialties
C．From Migrant Worker to Café Owner
D．Ways to Run a Successful Country Café
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述农民工张洪军返乡，借助家乡变化与政府支持开咖啡馆，带动乡村发展，展现了现代中国农村的新面貌。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“For over a decade, his life followed a common path: long hours of labor, low pay, and the loneliness of being a migrant worker in a vast city. He dreamed of a change but saw few opportunities back home.(十多年来，他的生活循规蹈矩：整日劳作，薪水微薄，身为农民工，在偌大的城市里孑然一身。他渴望改变，却深知回到家乡，也难寻机遇。)”可知，张洪军早年的生活孤独且不满足。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Stuck in his village, Zhang noticed something new. The roads were paved, internet signals were strong, and the local government was offering support to those willing to start businesses. The beautiful mountains and fresh air, once taken for granted, now seemed full of potential. An idea began to form: what if he could build a future here, not just make a living there (被困在村子里的张洪军发现了一些新东西。道路已经铺好，互联网信号很强，当地政府正在为那些愿意创业的人提供支持。曾经被视为理所当然的美丽山脉和新鲜空气，现在似乎充满了潜力。一个想法开始形成：如果他能在这里创造未来，而不仅仅是在那里谋生呢？)”可知，他回乡创业是因为村里有了新变化和支持。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Tourists come on weekends, and through his café, they discover and buy local specialties like mountain tea and dried fruits. Zhang has hired two local women, providing them with stable income.(周末游客前来，通过咖啡馆他们发现并购买高山茶、干果等当地特产。张洪军雇佣了两名当地妇女，为她们提供稳定收入。)”可知，咖啡馆带动了村庄发展。故选A项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Zhang Hongjun once spent his days on noisy construction sites in Shanghai, far from his rural hometown in Fujian province.(张洪军曾在上海嘈杂的工地上度日，远离他的家乡福建省。)”和最后一段“His journey from construction site to café owner paints a picture of modern rural China — one where returning wings bring new life.(他从建筑工地到咖啡馆老板的旅程描绘了一幅现代中国农村的图景——在那里，回归的翅膀带来了新的生命。)”可知，文章讲述了张洪军从农民工变成咖啡馆老板的故事，所以C项“From Migrant Worker to Café Owner(从农民工到咖啡馆老板)”符合语境。故选C项。
刷真题
A
（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷高考真题）Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.
Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.
“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”
It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit
Trost thinks so.
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.
And you’ll never be without something to read.
1．Why did BART start the kiosk program
A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use.
C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs.
2．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk
A．By popularity. B．By length.
C．By theme. D．By language.
3．What has Trost been doing recently
A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers.
C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists.
4．What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future
A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline.
C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART的未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段““You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官Alicia Trost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的书报亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入书报亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。
4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。
B
（2025·上海高考真题）
Andreas Schleicher sat down quietly toward the back of the room, trying not to attract attention. He did this sometimes, wandering into classes he had no intention of taking.
It was the mid-1980s, and he was studying physics at the University of Hamburg, one of Germany’s leading universities. In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. This class was taught by Thomas Neville Postlethwaite, who called himself an “educational scientist.” Schleicher found the title curious.
Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. “You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,” his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could.
Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. He found himself raising his hand and joining the discussion.
In Schleicher’s experience, German schools had not been as exceptional as German educators seemed to think. As a boy, he’d felt bored much of the time and earned ordinary grades. But, as a teenager, several teachers had encouraged his fascination with science and numbers, and his grades had improved. In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture.
At the end of class, the professor asked Schleicher to stay behind. He could tell that there was something different about this young man.
“Would you like to help me with this research ”
Schleicher stared back at him, shocked. “I know nothing about education.”
“Oh, that doesn’t matter,” Postlethwaite said, smiling.
After that, the two men began to team up, eventually creating the first international reading test, a test that measured reading ability globally.
1．Which of the following is true of Schleicher in his university years
A．He benefited from watching TV.
B．He often debated with his classmates.
C．He dropped in at different lectures.
D．He felt dissatisfied with his grades.
2．What can be learned about Schleicher’s father from the passage
A．He measured human qualities in a hard way.
B．He had conflicting ideas with Postlethwaite.
C．He considered education both art and science.
D．He had a preference for physics over education.
3．What does the word “That” (para.5) probably refer to
A．Obtaining a decent job.
B．Winning a national prize.
C．Joining heated discussions.
D．Designing a reading test.
4．Why was Schleicher different in Postlethwaite’s eyes
A．He was recommended by his high school teachers.
B．He had the potential for quantitative educational research.
C．He had good academic records during his school years.
D．He was influenced by his father’s research approach.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲述了Andreas Schleicher在大学期间偶然进入教育科学领域，并最终与教授合作创建了第一个国际阅读测试的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. (然而，在他的空闲时间，他像其他人看电视一样溜进课堂听讲座。)”可知，Schleicher在大学期间经常溜进不同的课堂听讲座。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. ‘You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,’ his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. (Schleicher的父亲是这所大学的教育学教授，他一直把教育视为一种神秘的艺术。‘你无法衡量教育中重要的事情——人的品质，’他的父亲喜欢这样说。据Schleicher所知，教育没有什么科学可言，这就是他更喜欢物理的原因。但是这位他连姓都念不出来的英国人似乎却有相反的想法。)”可知，Schleicher的父亲认为教育是艺术，无法衡量，而Postlethwaite则试图用科学的方法分析教育，由此可推知，Schleicher的父亲与Postlethwaite的想法有冲突。故选B项。
3．词句猜测题。根据第五段“In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. (高中时，他获得了全国科学奖，这意味着他大学毕业后或多或少能在一家私营公司找到一份高薪工作。这正是他原本的计划，直到他走进了Postlethwaite的课堂。)”可知，That指代上文提到的“在一家私营公司找到一份高薪工作”，即获得一份体面的工作。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. (Schleicher的父亲是这所大学的教育学教授，他一直把教育视为一种神秘的艺术。)”以及后文Schleicher与Postlethwaite教授合作，共同创建了第一个国际阅读测试，用科学的方法分析教育，可推知，Schleicher受父亲研究方法的影响，对教育有独特的思考，这种思考方式在Postlethwaite教授眼中是与众不同的，所以认为他有潜力。D项“He was influenced by his father’s research approach.（他受到父亲研究方法的影响。）”符合题意。A项“他被高中老师推荐了”，C项“他在学校期间学习成绩很好”，文章均未提及；根据第三段“From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. (据Schleicher所知，教育没有什么科学可言，这就是他更喜欢物理的原因。)”可知，Schleicher原本对教育科学并不感兴趣，所以B项“他有进行量化教育研究的潜力”不是教授认为他与众不同的原因。故选D项。
C
（2024·北京·高考真题）
When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns.
In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.
But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice.
One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream

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