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专题05 阅读七选五
内容导航
【命题解码·定方向】命题趋势+3年高考真题热点角度拆解
【解题建模·通技法】析典例，建模型，技法贯通破类题/变式
【实战刷题·冲高分】精选高考大题+名校模拟题，强化实战能力，得高分
命题·趋势·定位
1. 选材特点： 文章体裁以说明文和议论文为主，主题涵盖人际关系、学习方法、心理健康、科技影响、社会文化、个人成长等，贴近学生生活，具有时代感和教育意义。文章结构清晰，逻辑性强，多采用总分总、问题解决、现象解释等结构。
2. 语篇结构： 语篇通常有明确的主题句和支撑句。设空位置灵活，包括段首（主旨句、承上启下句）、段中（过渡句、细节支撑句）和段尾（总结句、承上启下句）。
3. 命题热点： 考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑关系的理解和把握能力。具体包括：
上下文语境：根据空前空后的语义联系进行选择。
逻辑关系：识别并运用转折、因果、递进、并列、解释、例证、总结等逻辑关系词。
结构衔接：理解段落或篇章的整体结构，如总分、分总、并列等。
词汇复现与指代：利用代词（it, they, this等）、同义词、近义词、上下义词等在上下文中形成的线索。
热点·角度·拆解
2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读七选五）
卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式
2025·全国一卷 298 人与社会 如何使火车旅行更愉快 段首主旨句、段中细节支撑、逻辑关系（因果、并列）
2025·全国二卷 312 人与自我 如何开启艺术之旅 段首主旨句、段中过渡句、段尾总结句、逻辑关系（递进、转折）
2024·新课标I卷 305 人与自我 学习自我宽恕的方法 段中过渡句、逻辑关系（因果、解释）、代词指代
2024·新课标Ⅱ卷 288 人与社会 家庭志愿服务的意外好处 段首主旨句、段中细节支撑、逻辑关系（因果）
2024·全国甲卷 278 人与自我 饮食适度的技巧 段首主旨句、段中细节支撑、逻辑关系（转折、解释）
2023·新课标I卷 295 人与自我 如何开始艺术之旅 段首主旨句、段中过渡句、逻辑关系（递进、转折）
2023·新课标Ⅱ卷 302 人与社会 与AI聊天机器人的交流建议 段首主旨句、段中细节支撑、逻辑关系（转折、因果）
2023·北京卷 310 人与社会 大学排名忽视教学质量的探讨 段中过渡句、段尾总结句、逻辑关系（转折、因果）
热点角度01 段首主旨句/承上启下句
析典例·建模型
(2025·全国二卷·高考真题)
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. 1 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
A．Find your causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【解题建模】
第一步，分析设空位置： 设空在段尾，且为第一段的结尾，通常起到总结或承上启下的作用。
第二步，寻找上下文线索：
上文：提出了一个谜语，“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始”有什么共同点？
下文：第二段开头说“在数字时代，我们习惯于立即得到我们需要的东西”，然后转折说“然而，研究表明，如果我们练习耐心，我们的情况会好得多。”，并引出下面的几条技巧。
第三步，进行逻辑推断：
第一段通过谜语引出话题，空格处应该是谜语的答案。这个答案必须能概括这三种情况的共同点，并自然地引出下文关于“耐心”的讨论。
浏览选项，G选项“它们都是我们需要多一点耐心的情况” 直接点明了三者的共同点——需要耐心，完美地回答了谜语，并为主题“变得更有耐心”做好了铺垫。
第四步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案为G。
研考点·通技法
设空位置 常见功能 解题线索
段首 1. 引出段落主旨（常为祈使句或概括性语句） 2. 承上启下（衔接上一段内容，引出本段新话题） 1. 下文内容对其进行解释、说明或举例。 2. 与上一段末句有逻辑衔接。
段尾 1. 总结本段主旨 2.承上启下（为本段内容做总结，并引出下一段话题） 1. 对前文内容进行概括或总结。 2. 与下一段首句有逻辑衔接。
破类题·提能力
（2026 浙江省1月·真题）
During your initial reading of material, do you ever go back and reread sentences or paragraphs Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep 1 You are napping (打盹) or daydreaming. Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read. 2 Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not understand, but because you were not paying attention. This type of rereading is called regression.
Napping and daydreaming are habits caused by lack of involvement with the material. Be demanding on yourself and expect 100 percent attention to the task. Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate the new material to what you already know. 3 If your mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday.
Regression is a crutch (拐杖) that allows you to make up for wasted time. First of all, become aware of when and why you are regressing. 4 Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else, but I’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.”
5 Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However, regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time.
A．Both are to blame.
B．Probably the latter is true.
C．Don’t just read the words; think the ideas.
D．Spend a few minutes reading the material aloud.
E．Your eyes were engaged, but your mind was not.
F．Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit.
G．Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy.
（2025 全国一卷·真题）
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 1
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 2 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 3 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 4 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 5 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A．The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B．She has two children aged eight and four.
C．Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D．After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E．Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F．Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G．She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
热点角度02 段中过渡句/细节支撑句
析典例·建模型
(2024·新课标I卷·高考真题)
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 1 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
A．A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D．It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E．It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【解题建模】
第一步，分析设空位置： 设空在段中，位于首句和尾句之间。
第二步，寻找上下文线索：
上文：说承担责任是积极的，但不要为此自责。人非圣贤，孰能无过。
下文：说你可以通过下面的写作练习来“帮助do this”。
第三步，进行逻辑推断：
上文的“don't beat yourself up”和“to err is human”都是在劝人不要过分自责，要原谅自己。下文的“to help you do this”中的“do this”必定指代空格处的内容。
因此，空格处必须是一个表示“自我宽恕”或类似含义的句子，才能与下文形成“方法”与“目的”的逻辑关系。
浏览选项，D选项“宽恕自己也同样重要” 直接点明主题，且“show yourself some forgiveness”与下文的“do this”形成指代关系。
第四步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案为D。
研考点·通技法
设空位置 常见功能 解题线索
段中（逻辑衔接） 1. 与前文构成因果、转折、并列、递进等关系2. 引出后文的解释、举例或结果 1. 逻辑关系词：however, therefore, for example, also, but等。 2. 代词指代：this, that, it, they等，看其在前文或后文是否有明确的指代对象。破类题·提能力
（2026·湖北黄冈市 二模）
Few activities are more engaging than storytelling. Students are primed to tell stories, and teachers can design digital storytelling as capstone projects (毕业设计). Storytelling naturally ignites emotion, leading to memorable learning, and allows movies to serve as summative assessments.
Getting started requires guiding students to develop a script. 1 A key point is that digital stories differ from reports. Merely reciting facts creates a product easily generated by AI. A better strategy is to ask students to wrap their learning in a narrative structure. Narrative provides a framework for learning new information. For example, students can personify a concept like rational numbers or a historical object. 2 .
3 They can plan their movie using a storyboard or two-column script. Take some time to teach explicitly the concept of “agreement”, or matching what the viewer sees to what they hear in the script. Thinking about this complementary process, and taking the time to plan visuals and sounds, allows students to build audiovisual literacy skills, too.
The most important component of a student movie project is the sound. Viewers overlook technical flaws but struggle with poor audio. Students should practice scripts aloud for fluency. 4
During editing, remind students of agreement between visuals and audio. 5 As for audio, music has a powerful impact on storytelling because it tells viewers how to feel. Foster audio literacy by discussing tone and mood. Help students understand how song selection affects the audience’s perception of their ideas. In addition, provide copyright-free sound resources for them to use. Finally, provide repeated opportunities for video creation across subjects. This develops storytelling proficiency and fluency.
A．Meanwhile, they should consider clear recording techniques.
B．Auditory effects should always be the focus of student projects.
C．Start simply, then encourage exploring features like green screens.
D．After having a solid script, students should move on to planning their film.
E．However, many students initially approach it like writing a traditional report.
F．For instance, using earbuds with microphones can greatly improve sound quality.
G．Using universal story structures, they integrate facts into a character’s experience.
（2024·全国甲卷）
What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 83
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 3 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
4 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A．Eat properly throughout the day.
B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
（建议用时：45分钟）
刷模拟
A
（2026·湖北宜昌市·二模）Museum guides do much more than lead tours; they help visitors connect deeply with history and science. At New York City’s Intrepid Museum, Jonathan Milard excels in this role. As the manager of school and teacher engagement, he designs educational experiences that inspire young minds. Milard has served here for ten years. 1 Through hard work, he gradually advanced to his current position. Every day is different.
Milard’s workday begins early. He rises at 7 a.m., prepares his lunch, and commutes (通勤) by subway from Queens to Manhattan. He typically arrives by 9 a. m., using his travel time efficiently. 2 A full list of activities awaits him at the museum.
3 After settling in, Milard researches and plans with his team. Student groups start arriving around 10:30 for guided tours. The museum welcomes learners of all ages — from kindergarteners to high schoolers. “I have the privilege of sharing aviation, space, and history with them,” Milard says. To make lessons memorable, he often wears costumes matching the day’s theme. His sessions are highly interactive, filled with questions and observations. Students are encouraged to think critically. It’s lively learning.
Afternoons shift to teamwork and management. Milard leads a team of twenty educators, discussing program improvements and upcoming projects. A significant portion of their work involves creating accessible experiences for visitors with disabilities. Since many programs are paid for by special funds, careful planning and reporting are essential. Milard also develops lesson plans and monitors program outcomes. 4
By 5 p.m., Milard prepares to wrap up. He reviews progress and sets priorities for the following days. On the subway home, he reads sci-fi or listens to music. 4 “We’re not just teaching facts; we’re waking up curiosity,” he notes. That interest, he believes, can last a lifetime.
A．Milard is always ready to offer help.
B．His career began as a part-time educator.
C．It’s detailed work, but he finds it rewarding.
D．Students are asked what they think about the lessons.
E．Morning hours are focused on preparation and interaction.
F．Reflecting on his career, he feels a deep sense of purpose.
G．During the ride, he reviews his schedule and answers emails.
B
（2026·重庆·二模）My volunteer journey began during a summer break when I joined a local organization supporting underprivileged (贫苦的) children. Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause. 6
At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain. 1 However, as I spent more time with them, I started to understand their resilience (适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection.
2 One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math. After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as I taught a difficult concept. The joy in her eyes was indescribable. It was then that I realized the power of patience and support. 3 I was responsible for coordinating (协调) a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve.
The volunteer experience did more than provide valuable skills — it shifted my priorities and life goals. Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual achievements. 4 I developed a passion for social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career.
A．In spite of my intentions, I felt unprepared to help truly.
B．Facing unexpected challenges helped me become more appreciative.
C．Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized.
D．Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing.
E．However, the experience taught me there is more to life than those things.
F．Little did I know the experience would greatly transform my outlook on life.
G．The stories demonstrated the influence volunteering can have on individual growth.
C
（2026·陕西·二模）Cultivating a daily reading habit is a wonderful way to expand your knowledge, reduce stress, and enhance your vocabulary. However, many people struggle to stick with it, often saying they “don’t have time” or “can’t stay focused.” The good news is that these challenges are easy to overcome. 1
Choose books that truly interest you. If you pick a book only because it’s popular but doesn't appeal to your tastes, you’ll likely put it down quickly. 2 Whether it’s a mystery novel, a self-help book, or a collection of essays, focusing on topics you love makes reading feel like a pleasure not a chore.
3 Instead of aiming to finish a book in a week — something that might feel overwhelming — start with shorter targets. This doesn’t mean you have to spend hours reading every day. For example, commit to reading 10 pages each morning before breakfast or 15 minutes before bed. Meeting these small goals will build your confidence and make you more likely to keep going.
Create a dedicated reading space. Having a specific spot for reading helps signal to your brain that it’s time to focus. 4 It could be a comfortable chair by the window, a corner of your bedroom, or even a park bench on nice days. Keep distractions like your phone out of reach to avoid interruptions.
Track your progress. Keeping a simple log of the books you’ve read or the pages you’ve finished each day can motivate you to keep going. 5 You can also join a book club or share your progress with a friend — having someone to check in with — adds accountability.
Remember, building a reading habit takes time and patience. Don’t get discouraged if you miss a day or two. Just pick up where you left off, and soon reading will become a natural part of your daily life.
A．Manage your time wisely.
B．Set small, achievable goals.
C．The key is to find a quiet place where you feel relaxed.
D．If you’re unsure what you like, try sampling a few types first.
E．You can use a notebook or a reading app to record your journey.
F．With the right strategies, anyone can turn reading into a part of their routine.
G．Start with books that are shorter or have simpler language to build confidence.
刷真题
A
（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷·高考真题）
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 1 Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 2
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 3 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights
● 4 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 5 You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A．Visit during off-peak times.
B．So, should we stop traveling
C．Travel for you and no one else.
D．Can overtourism be avoided then
E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F．You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G．Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
B
（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷·高考真题）
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 1 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 2 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
3 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 4 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". 5 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A．I don't often use this dictionary.
B．It takes no account of the context.
C．But I still don't want to replace them.
D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
C
（2025·全国高考二卷·高考真题）
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults 1 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 2
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
3 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● 4
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 5 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
D
（2023·全国甲卷·高考真题）
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. 1 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 2 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 3 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● 4 .
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “ 5 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A．Find your causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题05 阅读七选五
内容导航
【命题解码·定方向】命题趋势+3年高考真题热点角度拆解
【解题建模·通技法】析典例，建模型，技法贯通破类题/变式
【实战刷题·冲高分】精选高考大题+名校模拟题，强化实战能力，得高分
命题·趋势·定位
1. 选材特点： 文章体裁以说明文和议论文为主，主题涵盖人际关系、学习方法、心理健康、科技影响、社会文化、个人成长等，贴近学生生活，具有时代感和教育意义。文章结构清晰，逻辑性强，多采用总分总、问题解决、现象解释等结构。
2. 语篇结构： 语篇通常有明确的主题句和支撑句。设空位置灵活，包括段首（主旨句、承上启下句）、段中（过渡句、细节支撑句）和段尾（总结句、承上启下句）。
3. 命题热点： 考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑关系的理解和把握能力。具体包括：
上下文语境：根据空前空后的语义联系进行选择。
逻辑关系：识别并运用转折、因果、递进、并列、解释、例证、总结等逻辑关系词。
结构衔接：理解段落或篇章的整体结构，如总分、分总、并列等。
词汇复现与指代：利用代词（it, they, this等）、同义词、近义词、上下义词等在上下文中形成的线索。
热点·角度·拆解
2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读七选五）
卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式
2025·全国一卷 298 人与社会 如何使火车旅行更愉快 段首主旨句、段中细节支撑、逻辑关系（因果、并列）
2025·全国二卷 312 人与自我 如何开启艺术之旅 段首主旨句、段中过渡句、段尾总结句、逻辑关系（递进、转折）
2024·新课标I卷 305 人与自我 学习自我宽恕的方法 段中过渡句、逻辑关系（因果、解释）、代词指代
2024·新课标Ⅱ卷 288 人与社会 家庭志愿服务的意外好处 段首主旨句、段中细节支撑、逻辑关系（因果）
2024·全国甲卷 278 人与自我 饮食适度的技巧 段首主旨句、段中细节支撑、逻辑关系（转折、解释）
2023·新课标I卷 295 人与自我 如何开始艺术之旅 段首主旨句、段中过渡句、逻辑关系（递进、转折）
2023·新课标Ⅱ卷 302 人与社会 与AI聊天机器人的交流建议 段首主旨句、段中细节支撑、逻辑关系（转折、因果）
2023·北京卷 310 人与社会 大学排名忽视教学质量的探讨 段中过渡句、段尾总结句、逻辑关系（转折、因果）
热点角度01 段首主旨句/承上启下句
析典例·建模型
(2025·全国二卷·高考真题)
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. 1 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
A．Find your causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【解题建模】
第一步，分析设空位置： 设空在段尾，且为第一段的结尾，通常起到总结或承上启下的作用。
第二步，寻找上下文线索：
上文：提出了一个谜语，“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始”有什么共同点？
下文：第二段开头说“在数字时代，我们习惯于立即得到我们需要的东西”，然后转折说“然而，研究表明，如果我们练习耐心，我们的情况会好得多。”，并引出下面的几条技巧。
第三步，进行逻辑推断：
第一段通过谜语引出话题，空格处应该是谜语的答案。这个答案必须能概括这三种情况的共同点，并自然地引出下文关于“耐心”的讨论。
浏览选项，G选项“它们都是我们需要多一点耐心的情况” 直接点明了三者的共同点——需要耐心，完美地回答了谜语，并为主题“变得更有耐心”做好了铺垫。
第四步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案为G。
研考点·通技法
设空位置 常见功能 解题线索
段首 1. 引出段落主旨（常为祈使句或概括性语句） 2. 承上启下（衔接上一段内容，引出本段新话题） 1. 下文内容对其进行解释、说明或举例。 2. 与上一段末句有逻辑衔接。
段尾 1. 总结本段主旨 2.承上启下（为本段内容做总结，并引出下一段话题） 1. 对前文内容进行概括或总结。 2. 与下一段首句有逻辑衔接。
破类题·提能力
（2026 浙江省1月·真题）
During your initial reading of material, do you ever go back and reread sentences or paragraphs Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep 1 You are napping (打盹) or daydreaming. Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read. 2 Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not understand, but because you were not paying attention. This type of rereading is called regression.
Napping and daydreaming are habits caused by lack of involvement with the material. Be demanding on yourself and expect 100 percent attention to the task. Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate the new material to what you already know. 3 If your mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday.
Regression is a crutch (拐杖) that allows you to make up for wasted time. First of all, become aware of when and why you are regressing. 4 Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else, but I’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.”
5 Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However, regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time.
A．Both are to blame.
B．Probably the latter is true.
C．Don’t just read the words; think the ideas.
D．Spend a few minutes reading the material aloud.
E．Your eyes were engaged, but your mind was not.
F．Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit.
G．Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy.
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍阅读中因打瞌睡导致的回读现象，分析原因并给出专注阅读、克服该习惯的建议。
1．根据上文“Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep (是因为材料太难，第一次读不懂，还是因为你打瞌睡了？)”以及下文“You are napping (打盹) or daydreaming. (你在打盹或做白日梦。)”可知，此处应承接上文的两个疑问，明确更可能是后者（打瞌睡）的情况，B选项“Probably the latter is true. (可能后者是对的。)”中的the latter指代上文because you are asleep，与下文的打盹、做白日梦相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
2．根据上文“Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read. (读到页面中间，你意识到自己根本不知道读了什么。)”以及下文“Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not understand, but because you were not paying attention. (因此，你回去重读，不是因为你不懂，而是因为你没有集中注意力。)”可知，此处应体现眼睛在看但大脑没专注的状态，E选项“Your eyes were engaged, but your mind was not. (你的眼睛在看，但你的大脑没有投入。)”既解释了为什么不知道读了什么，又为下文“没集中注意力”的原因做铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。
3．根据上文“Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate the new material to what you already know. (集中注意力。想象即将接收的观点，并将新材料与你已有的知识联系起来。)”以及下文“If your mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday. (如果你的大脑真的专注于文本，你就不会去想周五晚上或周六去哪里。)”可知，此处应强调阅读时要思考观点而非只看文字，C选项“Don’t just read the words; think the ideas. (不要只看文字，要思考其中的观点。)”与上文Engage your mind和下文mind is truly occupied with the text相呼应，符合语境。故选C项。
4．根据上文“First of all, become aware of when and why you are regressing. (首先，要意识到自己何时以及为何会回读。)”以及下文“Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else, but I’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.” (比如，“好的。我因为想别的事情错过了那一段，但我会继续读下去，并开始集中注意力。”)”可知，此处应体现意识到回读原因后，要拒绝回读以打破习惯，F选项“Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit. (然后，开始拒绝自己回读的权利，以打破这个习惯。)”中的Then承接上文First of all，denying yourself the right与下文keep on going相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。
5．根据下文“Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However, regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time. (善于监控自己理解程度的优秀读者会在阅读过程中使用它。然而，因为打瞌睡而回读是浪费时间。)”可知，此处应区分两种回读，强调因不懂而回读是合理的，G选项“Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy. (因为不懂而回读是一种合理的补救策略。)”中的Rereading because you did not understand与下文regressing because your mind was asleep形成对比，reasonable fix-up strategy与下文use it in the reading process相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。
（2025 全国一卷·真题）
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 1
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 2 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 3 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 4 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 5 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A．The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B．She has two children aged eight and four.
C．Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D．After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E．Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F．Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G．She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳·墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
1．根据上文“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. (课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项“Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. (这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Not only...also...”结构，既承接“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。故选E项。
2．根据上文“She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. (她在机器之间来回制作饮品。)”及下文“As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. (当顾客从她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响到她真诚的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。D选项“After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. (完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishing an order”衔接“make the drinks”，“calls out the name”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。故选D项。
3．根据上文“Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. (墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. (我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C选项“Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. (有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的“arrives early”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“serve the students early”呼应“like to make coffee for the students”，展现其敬业精神。故选C项。
4．根据上文“Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. (乔安娜 赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文““Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. (赖特说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F选项“Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. (去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备。)”中的“starts her day off good”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerful mood”与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F项。
5．根据下文“She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. (她完全打算留下来，继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G选项“She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. (她已经在这里服务了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17 years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’t imagine working anywhere else”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“staying”形成直接呼应。故选G项。
热点角度02 段中过渡句/细节支撑句
析典例·建模型
(2024·新课标I卷·高考真题)
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 1 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
A．A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D．It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E．It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【解题建模】
第一步，分析设空位置： 设空在段中，位于首句和尾句之间。
第二步，寻找上下文线索：
上文：说承担责任是积极的，但不要为此自责。人非圣贤，孰能无过。
下文：说你可以通过下面的写作练习来“帮助do this”。
第三步，进行逻辑推断：
上文的“don't beat yourself up”和“to err is human”都是在劝人不要过分自责，要原谅自己。下文的“to help you do this”中的“do this”必定指代空格处的内容。
因此，空格处必须是一个表示“自我宽恕”或类似含义的句子，才能与下文形成“方法”与“目的”的逻辑关系。
浏览选项，D选项“宽恕自己也同样重要” 直接点明主题，且“show yourself some forgiveness”与下文的“do this”形成指代关系。
第四步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案为D。
研考点·通技法
设空位置 常见功能 解题线索
段中（逻辑衔接） 1. 与前文构成因果、转折、并列、递进等关系2. 引出后文的解释、举例或结果 1. 逻辑关系词：however, therefore, for example, also, but等。 2. 代词指代：this, that, it, they等，看其在前文或后文是否有明确的指代对象。破类题·提能力
（2026·湖北黄冈市 二模）
Few activities are more engaging than storytelling. Students are primed to tell stories, and teachers can design digital storytelling as capstone projects (毕业设计). Storytelling naturally ignites emotion, leading to memorable learning, and allows movies to serve as summative assessments.
Getting started requires guiding students to develop a script. 1 A key point is that digital stories differ from reports. Merely reciting facts creates a product easily generated by AI. A better strategy is to ask students to wrap their learning in a narrative structure. Narrative provides a framework for learning new information. For example, students can personify a concept like rational numbers or a historical object. 2 .
3 They can plan their movie using a storyboard or two-column script. Take some time to teach explicitly the concept of “agreement”, or matching what the viewer sees to what they hear in the script. Thinking about this complementary process, and taking the time to plan visuals and sounds, allows students to build audiovisual literacy skills, too.
The most important component of a student movie project is the sound. Viewers overlook technical flaws but struggle with poor audio. Students should practice scripts aloud for fluency. 4
During editing, remind students of agreement between visuals and audio. 5 As for audio, music has a powerful impact on storytelling because it tells viewers how to feel. Foster audio literacy by discussing tone and mood. Help students understand how song selection affects the audience’s perception of their ideas. In addition, provide copyright-free sound resources for them to use. Finally, provide repeated opportunities for video creation across subjects. This develops storytelling proficiency and fluency.
A．Meanwhile, they should consider clear recording techniques.
B．Auditory effects should always be the focus of student projects.
C．Start simply, then encourage exploring features like green screens.
D．After having a solid script, students should move on to planning their film.
E．However, many students initially approach it like writing a traditional report.
F．For instance, using earbuds with microphones can greatly improve sound quality.
G．Using universal story structures, they integrate facts into a character’s experience.
【答案】1．E 2．G 3．D 4．A 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍将数字故事创作设为学生毕业设计的方法，需先写好剧本并融入叙事，再规划影片、重视音频，剪辑时兼顾视听协调并多创作练习。
1．由上文“Getting started requires guiding students to develop a script.(开始制作需要引导学生撰写脚本。)”及下文“A key point is that digital stories differ from reports.(关键是数字故事不同于报告。)”可知，空格处需指出学生常把写脚本当成写传统报告。E项“However, many students initially approach it like writing a traditional report.(然而，许多学生一开始把它当作写传统报告来对待。)”符合语境，其中it指代上文“develop a script”，有承上作用。故选E项。
2．由上文“For example, students can personify a concept like rational numbers or a historical object.(例如，学生可以将有理数这样的概念或一件历史物品拟人化。)”可知，举例说明学生可将知识概念融入拟人化表达，空格处应进一步说明如何把事实与叙事结合，G项“Using universal story structures, they integrate facts into a character’s experience.(利用通用的故事结构，他们将事实融入到一个角色的经历中。)”符合语境，承接上文的拟人化举例，说明具体的实施方法。故选G项。
3．由下文“They can plan their movie using a storyboard or two-column script.(他们可以使用故事板或双栏剧本来规划自己的影片。)”可知，后文讲学生规划影片的具体方式，空格处应提出“完成剧本后进入影片规划阶段”的观点，D项“After having a solid script, students should move on to planning their film.(在有了完善的剧本后，学生们应该继续规划他们的影片。)”符合语境，其中“planning their film”与下文“plan their movie”相呼应，起到总起下文的作用。故选D项。
4．由上文“Viewers overlook technical flaws but struggle with poor audio. Students should practice scripts aloud for fluency.(观众会忽略技术缺陷，但难以忍受糟糕的音频。学生应该大声练习剧本以保证表达流畅。)”可知，强调音频的重要性及学生的基础练习，空格处应进一步说明提升音频质量的相关做法，A项“Meanwhile, they should consider clear recording techniques.(同时，他们应该考虑清晰的录音技巧。)”符合语境，“Meanwhile”承接上文的练习建议，“recording techniques”紧扣“poor audio”的问题。故选A项。
5．由上文“During editing, remind students of agreement between visuals and audio.(在剪辑过程中，提醒学生视觉与音频的协调统一。)”及下文“ As for audio, music has a powerful impact on storytelling because it tells viewers how to feel.(至于音频，音乐对讲故事有着强大的影响，因为它告诉观众如何感受。)”可知，空格处应围绕“视觉”相关编辑建议展开，与下文的音频建议形成并列，C项“Start simply, then encourage exploring features like green screens.(从简单的开始，然后鼓励探索绿幕这样的特效。)”符合语境，聚焦视觉剪辑的方法，衔接上下文的视觉、音频分述逻辑。故选C项。
（2024·全国甲卷）
What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 83
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 3 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
4 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A．Eat properly throughout the day.
B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了，在饮食上注意节制及其如何节制的方法。
1．上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在吃的少。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。
2．根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一顿饭。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。
3．上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。
4．根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。
5．设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“全天合理饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。
（建议用时：45分钟）
刷模拟
A
（2026·湖北宜昌市·二模）Museum guides do much more than lead tours; they help visitors connect deeply with history and science. At New York City’s Intrepid Museum, Jonathan Milard excels in this role. As the manager of school and teacher engagement, he designs educational experiences that inspire young minds. Milard has served here for ten years. 1 Through hard work, he gradually advanced to his current position. Every day is different.
Milard’s workday begins early. He rises at 7 a.m., prepares his lunch, and commutes (通勤) by subway from Queens to Manhattan. He typically arrives by 9 a. m., using his travel time efficiently. 2 A full list of activities awaits him at the museum.
3 After settling in, Milard researches and plans with his team. Student groups start arriving around 10:30 for guided tours. The museum welcomes learners of all ages — from kindergarteners to high schoolers. “I have the privilege of sharing aviation, space, and history with them,” Milard says. To make lessons memorable, he often wears costumes matching the day’s theme. His sessions are highly interactive, filled with questions and observations. Students are encouraged to think critically. It’s lively learning.
Afternoons shift to teamwork and management. Milard leads a team of twenty educators, discussing program improvements and upcoming projects. A significant portion of their work involves creating accessible experiences for visitors with disabilities. Since many programs are paid for by special funds, careful planning and reporting are essential. Milard also develops lesson plans and monitors program outcomes. 4
By 5 p.m., Milard prepares to wrap up. He reviews progress and sets priorities for the following days. On the subway home, he reads sci-fi or listens to music. 4 “We’re not just teaching facts; we’re waking up curiosity,” he notes. That interest, he believes, can last a lifetime.
A．Milard is always ready to offer help.
B．His career began as a part-time educator.
C．It’s detailed work, but he finds it rewarding.
D．Students are asked what they think about the lessons.
E．Morning hours are focused on preparation and interaction.
F．Reflecting on his career, he feels a deep sense of purpose.
G．During the ride, he reviews his schedule and answers emails.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．E 4．C 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了纽约无畏号博物馆的学校与教师互动经理乔纳森·米拉德十年来的工作日常，包括他的职业起点、每日安排及对教育工作的深刻感悟。
1．上文“At New York City’s Intrepid Museum, Jonathan Milard excels in this role. As the manager of school and teacher engagement, he designs educational experiences that inspire young minds. Milard has served here for ten years.(在纽约市的无畏号博物馆，乔纳森·米拉德在这个角色中表现出色。作为学校和教师互动经理，他设计教育体验，激发年轻人的思维。米拉德在这里工作了十年)”说明米拉德在博物馆担任重要角色，且工作多年。下文“Through hard work, he gradually advanced to his current position. Every day is different.(通过努力工作，他逐渐晋升到了现在的职位。每一天都不同)”说明他职业的进展。空处承上启下，说明米拉德的职业起点。所以B项“他的职业生涯始于兼职教育工作者”符合语境，B选项中的“began as”与后文“gradually advanced”相呼应。故选B。
2．上文“He typically arrives by 9 a.m., using his travel time efficiently.(他通常在上午9点前到达，有效地利用了他的旅行时间)”说明米拉德通勤时高效利用时间。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明米拉德在通勤时具体做什么。所以G项“在旅途中，他查看日程安排并回复电子邮件”符合语境。G选项中的“During the ride”与上文中的“commutes by subway”相呼应。故选G。
3．下文“After settling in, Milard researches and plans with his team. Student groups start arriving around 10:30 for guided tours.(安顿下来后，米拉德和他的团队一起研究和计划。学生团体大约在10:30到达，开始参加有讲解的参观)”说明米拉德早上主要做准备和与学生互动。空处总起该段内容，所以E项“早上的时间集中在准备和互动上”符合语境。故选E。
4．上文“Milard also develops lesson plans and monitors program outcomes.(米拉德还制定课程计划并监控项目成果)”说明米拉德的工作很细致。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明米拉德对工作的态度。所以C项“这是详细的工作，但他觉得很有收获”符合语境。故选C。
5．下文““We’re not just teaching facts; we’re waking up curiosity,” he notes. That interest, he believes, can last a lifetime.(“我们不仅仅是在教授事实；我们是在唤醒好奇心，”他指出。他认为，这种兴趣可以持续一生)”说明米拉德对工作有深刻感悟。空处和下文为顺接关系，说明米拉德反思自己的职业。所以F项“反思自己的职业生涯，他感到一种深深的使命感”符合语境。故选F。
B
（2026·重庆·二模）My volunteer journey began during a summer break when I joined a local organization supporting underprivileged (贫苦的) children. Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause. 6
At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain. 1 However, as I spent more time with them, I started to understand their resilience (适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection.
2 One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math. After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as I taught a difficult concept. The joy in her eyes was indescribable. It was then that I realized the power of patience and support. 3 I was responsible for coordinating (协调) a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve.
The volunteer experience did more than provide valuable skills — it shifted my priorities and life goals. Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual achievements. 4 I developed a passion for social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career.
A．In spite of my intentions, I felt unprepared to help truly.
B．Facing unexpected challenges helped me become more appreciative.
C．Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized.
D．Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing.
E．However, the experience taught me there is more to life than those things.
F．Little did I know the experience would greatly transform my outlook on life.
G．The stories demonstrated the influence volunteering can have on individual growth.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．E
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者暑假参加帮助贫困儿童的志愿活动，起初只是想做公益，后来深受触动，收获了成长与能力，也改变了人生观，决心未来投身社会服务。
1．前文“Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause.( 起初，我认为这只是一个利用空闲时间参与有益事业的方式。)”提到作者最初把志愿活动当作打发空闲时间、做公益的方式（心态较随意）。后文“At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain.( 起初，我被这些孩子所面临的挑战震惊了——贫困、缺乏教育以及情感上的痛苦。)”讲述志愿过程中看到孩子的困境、收获成长，体现经历带来的巨大改变。F选项“Little did I know the experience would greatly transform my outlook on life.( 我当时一点也不知道，这段经历会极大地改变我的人生观。)”承上启下，引出后文的转变，完美匹配。故选F项。
2．前文“At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain.( 起初，我被这些孩子所面临的挑战震惊了——贫困、缺乏教育以及情感上的痛苦。)”提到作者被孩子面临的贫困、缺教育等困境震惊。后文“However, as I spent more time with them, Istarted to understand their resilience(适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection.( 然而，随着我与他们相处的时间增多，我开始理解他们的坚韧和力量，这激励我全力以赴。这标志着一段深厚且持久的联系的开始。)”提到后来理解了孩子的韧性，开始全力以赴。A选项“In spite of my intentions,I felt unprepared to help truly.( 尽管我有这个意愿，但我感觉自己真的没准备好去帮助他们。)”体现最初的手足无措，与后文的“全力以赴”形成转折，符合语境。故选A项。
3．后文“One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math. After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as Itaught a difficult concept.( 有一个这样的例子，当时我正在帮助一个名叫玛丽亚的年轻女孩学习她困难的科目——数学。经过数周的共同努力，我看到她掌握了一个复杂的概念。她眼中的喜悦难以言表。)”具体讲述帮助女孩 Maria 学数学的难忘瞬间，体现志愿经历的意义。D 选项 “Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing.( 几个关键的瞬间让我的志愿者经历真正改变了我的人生。)”总起下文，引出具体的 “关键瞬间”，衔接自然。故选D项。
4．前文“One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math.( 有一个这样的例子，当时我正在帮助一个名叫玛丽亚的年轻女孩学习她困难的科目——数学。)”讲了帮助 Maria 的一个事例，后文“I was responsible for coordinating (协调)a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve.( 我负责协调一组志愿者，这让我学会了领导和团队合作的技能。那些时刻塑造了我参与志愿服务的方式，并激励我寻求更多的服务机会。)”讲自己协调志愿者、收获领导力的另一个事例。C 选项“Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized.( 另一个难忘的瞬间是在我们组织的一次社区活动中。)”引出下一个具体事例，符合逻辑。故选C项。
5．前文“Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual achievements.( 在此之前，我一直专注于学业成绩和个人成就。)”指出作者之前只关注学业成功和个人成就。后文“I developed a passion for social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career.( 现在我对社会工作和社区服务产生了浓厚的兴趣，并且正努力将这些融入到我未来的职业生涯中。)”提到作者培养了对社会工作的热情，改变了未来职业方向。E选项“However, the experience taught me there is more to life than those things.(然而，这段经历教会我，生活中还有比那些更重要的东西。)”转折前文的个人导向，引出后文的观念转变，贴合主旨。故选E项。
C
（2026·陕西·二模）Cultivating a daily reading habit is a wonderful way to expand your knowledge, reduce stress, and enhance your vocabulary. However, many people struggle to stick with it, often saying they “don’t have time” or “can’t stay focused.” The good news is that these challenges are easy to overcome. 1
Choose books that truly interest you. If you pick a book only because it’s popular but doesn't appeal to your tastes, you’ll likely put it down quickly. 2 Whether it’s a mystery novel, a self-help book, or a collection of essays, focusing on topics you love makes reading feel like a pleasure not a chore.
3 Instead of aiming to finish a book in a week — something that might feel overwhelming — start with shorter targets. This doesn’t mean you have to spend hours reading every day. For example, commit to reading 10 pages each morning before breakfast or 15 minutes before bed. Meeting these small goals will build your confidence and make you more likely to keep going.
Create a dedicated reading space. Having a specific spot for reading helps signal to your brain that it’s time to focus. 4 It could be a comfortable chair by the window, a corner of your bedroom, or even a park bench on nice days. Keep distractions like your phone out of reach to avoid interruptions.
Track your progress. Keeping a simple log of the books you’ve read or the pages you’ve finished each day can motivate you to keep going. 5 You can also join a book club or share your progress with a friend — having someone to check in with — adds accountability.
Remember, building a reading habit takes time and patience. Don’t get discouraged if you miss a day or two. Just pick up where you left off, and soon reading will become a natural part of your daily life.
A．Manage your time wisely.
B．Set small, achievable goals.
C．The key is to find a quiet place where you feel relaxed.
D．If you’re unsure what you like, try sampling a few types first.
E．You can use a notebook or a reading app to record your journey.
F．With the right strategies, anyone can turn reading into a part of their routine.
G．Start with books that are shorter or have simpler language to build confidence.
【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍培养日常阅读习惯的好处，以及针对没时间、难专注等问题给出的具体可行方法，帮助人们把阅读变成日常生活的一部分。
1．根据上文“However, many people struggle to stick with it, often saying they “don’t have time” or “can’t stay focused.” The good news is that these challenges are easy to overcome.(然而，很多人难以坚持，常说自己“没时间”或“无法集中注意力”。好消息是这些问题很容易克服。)”可知，前文提出阅读困难并说明可以解决，空处需要引出下文的解决办法。F选项(有了正确的方法，任何人都可以把阅读变成日常生活的一部分)承接上文的问题，总起下文给出的具体策略，符合语境。故选F项。
2．根据上文“Choose books that truly interest you. If you pick a book only because it's popular but doesn't appeal to your tastes, you’ll likely put it down quickly.(选择你真正感兴趣的书。如果你只因为一本书流行而选择它，但它并不符合你的口味，你可能很快就会放下。)”可知，此段强调选自己感兴趣的书，空处需要补充不知道自己喜欢什么时该怎么做。D选项(如果你不确定自己喜欢什么，可以先尝试几种类型)承接上文的选书建议，给出具体做法，符合语境。故选D项。
3．根据下文“Instead of aiming to finish a book in a week — something that might feel overwhelming — start with shorter targets.(与其设定一周读完一本书的目标——这可能会让人有压力——不如从更小的目标开始。)”可知，此段核心是设定小目标。B选项(设定小的、可实现的目标)概括本段主旨，并与下文“shorter targets” “small goals”相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
4．根据上文“Create a dedicated reading space. Having a specific spot for reading helps signal to your brain that it’s time to focus.(打造一个专门的阅读空间。有一个专门阅读的地方有助于向大脑发出该集中注意力的信号。)”可知，此段讲阅读空间，空处需要进一步说明空间的要求。C选项(关键是找一个安静、让你感到放松的地方)承接上文的阅读空间话题，具体说明空间特点，符合语境。故选C项。
5．根据上文“Track your progress. Keeping a simple log of the books you’ve read or the pages you’ve finished each day can motivate you to keep going.(记录你的进度。简单记录你读过的书或每天读完的页数可以激励你坚持下去。)”可知，此段讲记录阅读进度，空处需要说明用什么记录。E选项(你可以用笔记本或阅读应用来记录你的过程)承接上文的记录建议，给出具体工具，符合语境。故选E项。
刷真题
A
（2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷·高考真题）
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 1 Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 2
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 3 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights
● 4 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 5 You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A．Visit during off-peak times.
B．So, should we stop traveling
C．Travel for you and no one else.
D．Can overtourism be avoided then
E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F．You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G．Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．G
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。
1．前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，B选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。
2．前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。
3．前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights ( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”符合语境。故选E。
4．空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
5．前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【点睛】
B
（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷·高考真题）
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 1 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 2 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
3 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 4 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". 5 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A．I don't often use this dictionary.
B．It takes no account of the context.
C．But I still don't want to replace them.
D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
1．上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
2．上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes no account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。
3．下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。
4．下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
5．上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
【点睛】
C
（2025·全国高考二卷·高考真题）
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults 1 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 2
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
3 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● 4
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 5 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．E 4．C 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。
1．根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Volunteering as a family”直接回应“bring your family together”和“shared hobby”，引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。
2．根据段落主题句“You’ll feel like you have more time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. (然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. (志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes you feel capable”和“inspires you to make the most of each day”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like you have more time”形成因果关联。故选G项。
3．根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“For adults”对应“adults 55 and older”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health”，与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。
4．根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect teen’s well-being in the years to come. (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C选项“Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelong effect”对应“affect teen’s well-being in the years to come”，“on kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选C项。
5．根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. (每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联系)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F选项“You may even learn that your kid has talent you didn’t know about before. (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的“learn that your kid has talent”体现“Everyone brings something unique”，且“in a new way”对应“发现孩子未知天赋”的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选F项。
D
（2023·全国甲卷·高考真题）
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. 1 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 2 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 3 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● 4 .
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “ 5 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A．Find your causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
1．根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
2．根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
3．根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
4．根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
5．根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
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