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猜押热点专题04 “科技创新与数字时代”主题专练
（解析版）
一、政策溯源：国家战略与育人导向的顶层设计
1. 新质生产力与科技强国战略引领
《关于发展新质生产力推进高质量发展的意见》明确 “以科技创新引领产业升级，加快数字技术与实体经济深度融合”。2025-2026 年教育部持续将 “数字素养、科技伦理、创新意识” 纳入中小学育人核心指标。高考作为教育 “指挥棒”，必然将 “科技创新与数字时代” 转化为命题语境，通过英语语篇传递科技自立自强理念，引导青少年树立科技自信与数字责任意识，契合国家战略落地的教育使命。
2. 新课标 “人与社会” 主题强化
（2025 版）2025 年修订的《普通高中英语课程标准》将 “人与社会” 列为三大主题语境之一，新增 “科技发展、数字文明、创新实践” 等子主题，要求 “试题选材贴近时代前沿，聚焦科技伦理、数字安全、创新精神与合作探究”。新课标强调 “用英语讲好中国科技故事”，强化 “立德树人”，突出对科技伦理、数字公民素养、跨文化科技交流的考查，为 2026 年命题划定核心方向。
3. “科技 + 教育” 融合政策落地
近年高考命题全面落实 “科技创新与数字素养” 融合要求：
人工智能教育：新增 AI 伦理、AI 辅助学习、生成式 AI 利弊辨析等热点，考查数字时代的理性判断与应用能力；
数字素养：聚焦网络安全、信息辨别、数字鸿沟、数据隐私，强化 “数字公民” 责任；
前沿科技：量子计算、航天成就、新能源技术、智慧城市、机器人成为命题新增长点；
科技伦理：探讨人机关系、科技向善、知识产权、数据共享，呼应 “科技赋能与价值引领” 的双重目标。
二、2026 年命题迭代趋势
1. 主题深度化
从 “技术应用” 升级为 “科技伦理、数字文明、创新生态、科技与人文融合” 等内在议题，贴合数字时代青少年的现实困惑与成长需求。
2. 素材本土化
更多选用中国科技创新成果（如国产大模型、航天成就、新能源技术）、中国数字治理实践（如智慧城市、数字乡村）、青少年数字生活案例，强化 “中国视角” 与文化认同。
3. 题型融合化
阅读：科技科普文、创新纪实、科技伦理评论、中国科技故事外宣文比重提升，侧重逻辑分析、观点推断与跨文化理解；
续写：聚焦科技发明与生活改善、团队协作攻克技术难题、人机关系反思、科技伦理抉择，强化情感与价值导向；
应用文：科技活动邀请函、创新成果展示稿、数字安全倡议书、AI 学习心得分享、科技社团招募成为主流，突出交际实用性。
三、核心素养与能力考查
1. 语言能力
围绕 “科技创新与数字时代” 话题，考查主题词汇（artificial intelligence, digital literacy, innovation, ethical dilemma）、语篇逻辑、细节理解、观点表达与科技场景下的跨文化沟通。
2. 文化意识
渗透科技自立自强理念、创新精神、科技伦理、数字文明，引导树立正确的科技观与价值观，增强民族自豪感。
3. 思维品质
通过科技发展利弊分析、创新方案设计、科技伦理辩论、数字生活反思等语篇，考查逻辑、批判与创新思维。
4. 学习能力
引导学生主动学习科技知识、提升数字素养、理性看待技术发展，实现 “以考促学、以考育人”。
四、时代需求与考生适配
数字时代下，青少年面临网络依赖、信息过载、数字鸿沟、AI 焦虑等问题，成为社会关注焦点。高考选材回应现实，引导学生理性拥抱科技、提升数字素养、遵守科技伦理，兼具教育意义与社会价值。
五、新课标命题 “三贴近” 原则
贴近时代生活：聚焦数字生活、科技应用、创新实践，语篇时代感强；
贴近时代主题：紧扣 “新质生产力”“科技自立自强”“数字中国”“科技伦理” 政策；
贴近核心素养：落实 “人与社会” 主题，强化数字素养、创新精神、科技伦理与合作探究。
命题稳定性与延续性：“科技创新与数字时代” 是高考英语高频主题，近三年考查频次逐年上升。2026 年将延续并深化：AI 与新质生产力从 “配角” 变 “主角”，科技伦理、数字安全成为新热点，中国科技故事外宣持续高频，完全符合 “稳中求新” 的命题规律。
六、总结：猜押热点的底层逻辑
2026 年英语高考将 “科技创新与数字时代” 作为核心热点，是国家战略、新课标要求、历年命题规律、数字时代现实需求四大因素共同作用的必然结果。命题以 “人与社会” 为统领，覆盖 AI 应用、新质生产力、数字素养、科技伦理、中国科技成就，通过阅读、续写、应用文等题型，进行 “重能力、重素养、重应用” 的综合考查，既贴合新课标精神，也精准回应时代与育人需求。
七、2026 高考英语 “科技创新与数字时代” 核心话题词汇（按主题分类）
1. 人工智能与新质生产力 AI & New Productive Forces
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能
generative AI 生成式人工智能
large language model (LLM) 大语言模型
new 质生产力 new productive forces
technological innovation 科技创新
technological breakthrough 技术突破
digital transformation 数字化转型
smart manufacturing 智能制造
industrial upgrading 产业升级
high-tech industry 高新技术产业
AI application 人工智能应用
AI education 人工智能教育
AI healthcare 人工智能医疗
smart city 智慧城市
smart home 智能家居
robot 机器人
automation 自动化
algorithm 算法
data-driven 数据驱动的
digital economy 数字经济
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2. 数字素养与数字生活 Digital Literacy & Life
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
digital literacy 数字素养
digital citizenship 数字公民
digital safety 数字安全
network security 网络安全
data privacy 数据隐私
information security 信息安全
digital divide 数字鸿沟
screen time 屏幕时间
digital detox 数字戒断
self-control 自控力
online learning 在线学习
e-learning platform 电子学习平台
artificial intelligence-assisted learning 人工智能辅助学习
short-video 短视频
fake news 虚假信息
information discrimination 信息辨别
digital footprint 数字足迹
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
3. 科技伦理与创新精神 Tech Ethics & Innovation
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
tech ethics 科技伦理
AI ethics 人工智能伦理
human-AI interaction 人机交互
technological responsibility 科技责任
innovation spirit 创新精神
innovation consciousness 创新意识
teamwork 团队合作
problem-solving 问题解决
creative thinking 创造性思维
critical thinking 批判性思维
ethical dilemma 伦理困境
technological risk 技术风险
technological progress 技术进步
sustainable development 可持续发展
green technology 绿色技术
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
4. 前沿科技与中国成就 Frontier Tech & Chinese Achievements
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
quantum computing 量子计算
aerospace technology 航天技术
space exploration 太空探索
manned space mission 载人航天任务
new energy technology 新能源技术
renewable energy 可再生能源
carbon neutrality 碳中和
smart grid 智能电网
5G technology 5G 技术
internet of things (IoT) 物联网⑩ big data 大数据
cloud computing 云计算
high-speed rail 高铁
Chinese space station 中国空间站
lunar exploration 月球探测
Mars exploration 火星探测21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
5. 高频写作高级词
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
innovative 创新的
digitalized 数字化的
intelligent 智能的
efficient 高效的
convenient 便利的
reliable 可靠的
② secure 安全的
③ sustainable 可持续的
progressive 进步的
forward-looking 前瞻性的
cutting-edge 前沿的
groundbreaking 开创性的
transformative 变革性的
interconnected 互联的
intelligentized 智能化的
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Passage1
科技类·元宇宙与未来生活
The metaverse（元宇宙）, a virtual world that combines virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and the Internet, has become a hot topic in recent years. It is not just a new form of entertainment but a new space for people to work, study, communicate and live, which is expected to change the way we live and interact with the world.
The metaverse brings many new possibilities to people’s lives. In terms of work, people can work in a virtual office with colleagues from all over the world without going out, which saves time and travel costs. For example, a designer in China can cooperate with a team in the United States in a virtual studio, sharing ideas and modifying designs in real time. In education, the metaverse can create immersive learning environments. Students can “visit” ancient civilizations, dive into the deep sea or even travel to outer space through VR equipment, making learning more interesting and vivid. In daily life, people can make friends, attend virtual concerts and try on virtual clothes in the metaverse, enriching their spiritual life.
However, the development of the metaverse still faces many obstacles. First, the technology of the metaverse is not yet mature. VR and AR equipment is relatively expensive, and the virtual experience is not yet perfect, which limits the number of people who can access it. Second, there are hidden risks in data security and privacy protection. In the metaverse, people need to provide a lot of personal information, which may be stolen or misused by criminals. Third, the metaverse may lead to some social problems, such as people being addicted to the virtual world and ignoring real-life interactions.
To promote the healthy development of the metaverse, governments, enterprises and individuals need to work together. Governments should formulate relevant laws and regulations to standardize the development of the metaverse and protect users’ data security and privacy. Enterprises should increase investment in technology research and development to improve the virtual experience and reduce the cost of equipment. Individuals should use the metaverse rationally, balance the time spent in the virtual world and real life. With joint efforts, the metaverse will better serve people and bring more convenience and happiness to our lives.
1. What is the metaverse according to the passage
A. A new form of online entertainment only.
B. A virtual world combining VR, AR and the Internet.
C. A new type of mobile phone application.
D. A real-world space for people to work and study.
2. Which of the following is NOT a possibility brought by the metaverse
A. Working in a virtual office with global colleagues.
B. Having immersive learning experiences.
C. Ignoring real-life interactions completely.
D. Attending virtual concerts in daily life.
3. What does the underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Opportunities.
B. Advantages.
C. Difficulties and challenges.
D. Solutions.
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the development of the metaverse
A. Negative.
B. Optimistic.
C. Doubtful.
D. Neutral.
Answers & Explanations
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The metaverse, a virtual world that combines virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and the Internet”可知，元宇宙是一个结合了虚拟现实、增强现实和互联网的虚拟世界。A项“仅为一种新的在线娱乐形式”、C项“一种新型手机应用”、D项“人们工作学习的现实空间”均不符合文意。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段内容，元宇宙带来的可能性包括虚拟办公、沉浸式学习、参加虚拟音乐会，C项“完全忽视现实生活互动”是元宇宙可能带来的社会问题，并非其带来的可能性。
3. C 词义猜测题。根据第三段后文内容，元宇宙技术不成熟、存在隐私风险和社会问题，这些都是其发展过程中遇到的困难，由此推测“obstacles”意为“困难和挑战”。A项“机会”、B项“优势”、D项“解决方法”均不符合语境。
4. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“With joint efforts, the metaverse will better serve people and bring more convenience and happiness to our lives.”可知，作者认为在各方努力下，元宇宙将更好地服务于人类，由此可推断作者对元宇宙的发展持乐观态度。A项“消极的”、C项“怀疑的”、D项“中立的”均不符合文意。
词汇积累（高考高频）
1. virtual (adj.) 虚拟的 搭配：virtual reality 虚拟现实（VR）；virtual world 虚拟世界
2. combine (v.) 结合；联合 派生词：combination (n.) 结合；搭配：combine A with B 把A和B结合起来
3. immersive (adj.) 沉浸式的 搭配：immersive learning 沉浸式学习
4. mature (adj.) 成熟的；(v.) 成熟 搭配：mature technology 成熟技术
5. privacy (n.) 隐私 搭配：privacy protection 隐私保护；personal privacy 个人隐私
长难句分析
原句：For example, a designer in China can cooperate with a team in the United States in a virtual studio, sharing ideas and modifying designs in real time.
拆分：
① 举例状语：For example（例如）；
② 主句：a designer in China can cooperate with a team in the United States in a virtual studio（中国的设计师可以在虚拟工作室与美国的团队合作）；
③ 伴随状语：sharing ideas and modifying designs in real time（现在分词短语表伴随，意为“实时分享想法、修改设计”）。
释义：例如，中国的一名设计师可以在虚拟工作室与美国的团队合作，实时分享想法并修改设计。
Passage2
科技类·脑机接口与人类未来
出处：MIT Technology Review（《麻省理工科技评论》
Brain-computer interface (BCI), a cutting-edge technology that connects the human brain with external devices, is opening up new possibilities for human health and daily life. It establishes a direct communication channel between the brain's neural signals and computers or other electronic devices, allowing people to control external equipment with their thoughts without relying on physical movements.
The application of BCI technology has brought revolutionary changes to the medical field. For patients with paralysis or motor disorders, BCI can help them control wheelchairs, prosthetic limbs or even daily necessities through brain signals, greatly improving their quality of life. In addition, it is also used in the treatment of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy, helping to alleviate symptoms and assist in rehabilitation. Beyond medicine, BCI has broad prospects in fields such as virtual reality, gaming and military, bringing a new way of human-computer interaction.
However, the development of BCI technology is still accompanied by many challenges and controversies. Technically, it is difficult to collect and decode neural signals accurately, and the stability and safety of the interface need further improvement. Ethically, there are concerns about privacy and autonomy—BCI involves collecting sensitive brain data, which may lead to the leakage of personal thoughts and emotions. Besides, the high cost of BCI equipment and treatment limits its popularization and application among the general public.
To promote the healthy and sustainable development of BCI technology, it requires the joint efforts of scientists, governments, medical institutions and society as a whole. Scientists should strengthen technological research to improve the accuracy and stability of BCI and reduce costs. Governments need to formulate relevant laws and regulations to standardize the collection and use of brain data and protect personal privacy. Medical institutions should carry out standardized clinical trials to ensure the safety and effectiveness of BCI applications. With continuous exploration and supervision, BCI technology will better serve humanity and create a better future.
1. What is a brain-computer interface (BCI) according to the passage
A. A device that cures all neurological diseases.
B. A technology that connects the human brain with external devices.
C. A computer program that controls human thoughts.
D. A prosthetic limb used by paralyzed patients.
2. Which field is NOT mentioned as an application of BCI technology
A. Medicine.
B. Virtual reality.
C. Agriculture.
D. Military.
3. What does the underlined word “decode” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Collect and store information.
B. Analyze and understand the meaning of signals.
C. Create and send neural signals.
D. Destroy and delete useless data.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of BCI technology development.
B. The ethical problems of modern science and technology.
C. The applications, challenges and development suggestions of BCI technology.
D. The ways to reduce the cost of medical equipment.
Answers & Explanations
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Brain-computer interface (BCI), a cutting-edge technology that connects the human brain with external devices”可知，脑机接口是一种连接人类大脑与外部设备的技术。A、C、D项均不符合文意。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段内容，脑机接口的应用领域包括医学、虚拟现实、游戏和军事，农业未被提及。
3. B 词义猜测题。根据前文“collect and decode neural signals accurately”和后文“the stability and safety of the interface need further improvement”可知，脑机接口需要准确收集并解读神经信号，由此推测“decode”意为“解码、解读”。A、C、D项均不符合语境。
4. C 主旨大意题。通读全文，第二段讲述脑机接口的应用，第三段指出面临的挑战和争议，第四段给出发展建议。A、B、D项均为文章局部内容，C项“脑机接口技术的应用、挑战及发展建议”全面概括主旨。
词汇积累（高考高频）
1. interface (n.) 接口；界面 搭配：brain-computer interface 脑机接口
2. neural (adj.) 神经的 搭配：neural signals 神经信号
3. prosthetic (adj./n.) 假体的；假体 搭配：prosthetic limbs 假肢
4. decode (v.) 解码；解读 搭配：decode neural signals 解读神经信号
5. controversy (n.) 争议；争论 搭配：ethical controversy 伦理争议
长难句分析
原句：It establishes a direct communication channel between the brain's neural signals and computers or other electronic devices, allowing people to control external equipment with their thoughts without relying on physical movements.
拆分：
① 主句：It establishes a direct communication channel between the brain's neural signals and computers or other electronic devices（它在大脑神经信号与计算机或其他电子设备之间建立了直接的通信渠道）；
② 结果状语：allowing people to control... movements（现在分词短语表结果，意为“让人们无需依靠身体动作，就能用思想控制外部设备”）；
③ 伴随状语：without relying on physical movements（无需依靠身体动作）。
释义：它在大脑神经信号与计算机或其他电子设备之间建立了直接的通信渠道，让人们无需依靠身体动作，就能用思想控制外部设备。
Passage3
航天探索类·商业航天发展与太空探索新机遇
出处：The Independent（《独立报》）
In recent years, the field of space exploration has witnessed a major change—commercial space companies have emerged as important participants, breaking the long-term monopoly of national space agencies and opening up new opportunities for space exploration and utilization. Different from national space programs that focus more on scientific research and national security, commercial space companies pay more attention to the market demand and commercial value of space activities.
Commercial space development covers a variety of fields, including satellite launch, space tourism, space resource exploration and space-based services. In terms of satellite launch, commercial space companies have developed more cost-effective launch vehicles, reducing the cost of satellite launch and making it easier for more countries and enterprises to access space resources. Space tourism, as a new emerging industry, has attracted many wealthy individuals who are willing to pay a high price to experience space travel. In addition, commercial companies are also actively exploring space resources, such as lunar soil and asteroid minerals, which are expected to solve the problem of resource shortage on Earth in the future.
The rise of commercial space brings multiple benefits to the world. Firstly, it promotes the innovation of space technology, as commercial companies compete with each other to develop more advanced and efficient space products and services. Secondly, it expands the scope of space exploration and utilization, making space no longer a “privilege” of a few countries but accessible to more entities. Thirdly, the development of commercial space can drive the growth of related industries, such as aerospace manufacturing, electronic information and new materials, promoting global economic development.
However, commercial space development also faces many challenges and risks. The high cost of space technology research and development and the high risk of space activities make it difficult for many commercial companies to survive. In addition, there is a lack of perfect international rules and supervision systems for commercial space activities, which may lead to problems such as space debris pollution and competition for space resources. Moreover, the safety of space tourism and the protection of astronauts’ lives have also become major concerns of the public.
In the future, with the continuous progress of space technology and the improvement of international supervision systems, commercial space will surely develop more healthily and rapidly. It will not only promote the development of space exploration but also bring more new opportunities for human beings to understand the universe and solve global problems. The combination of national space agencies and commercial companies will become the new trend of space exploration, creating a better future for human space activities.
1. What is the major change in the field of space exploration in recent years
A. National space agencies have lost their status completely.
B. Commercial space companies have become important participants.
C. Space exploration has no commercial value anymore.
D. Space travel has become accessible to all people.
2. Which of the following is NOT a field of commercial space development mentioned in the passage
A. Satellite launch
B. Space tourism
C. Space resource exploration
D. Earth resource protection
3. What does the underlined word “monopoly” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A. The situation where only one group controls something.
B. The situation where many groups compete with each other.
C. The situation where something is easy to obtain.
D. The situation where something is impossible to achieve.
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. Commercial space development has no risks.
B. International rules for commercial space are perfect now.
C. The combination of national and commercial space forces will be a trend.
D. Space resources are not useful for solving Earth’s resource shortage.
Answers & Explanations
1. B 细节理解题
解题关键：题干提问“近年来太空探索领域的重大变化是什么”，定位原文中“major change”的描述，直接提取相关内容，比对选项即可。
定位技巧：题干关键词“major change”“field of space exploration”，定位到原文第一段第一句“In recent years, the field of space exploration has witnessed a major change—commercial space companies have emerged as important participants...”。
2. D 细节理解题
解题关键：题干提问“哪一项不是原文提到的商业航天发展领域”，需定位原文中提及的“商业航天领域”，逐一比对选项，排除原文提及的内容，剩余选项即为答案。
定位技巧：题干关键词“field of commercial space development”，定位到原文第二段第一句“Commercial space development covers a variety of fields, including satellite launch, space tourism, space resource exploration and space-based services.”。
3. A 词义猜测题（高考高频题型）
解题关键：结合上下文语境，分析划线词前后的语义逻辑，根据“商业航天公司的出现带来的变化”这一核心，推断词意，重点关注“breaking”（打破）这一动作的对象。
定位技巧：划线词“monopoly”在第一段第一句“breaking the long-term monopoly of national space agencies”，该句中“breaking”说明商业航天公司的出现，打破了国家航天机构长期以来的某种状态，且后文提到商业公司成为“重要参与者”，说明此前只有国家航天机构主导太空探索。
4. C 推理判断题（高考难点题型）
解题关键：立足原文细节，合理推断，遵循“原文有依据、不过度解读、不与原文矛盾”的原则，排除“绝对化、矛盾、无依据”的选项。
定位技巧：题干关键词“infer”，需结合全文细节，重点关注最后一段（原文结尾常是推理判断的重点区域），最后一段最后一句“The combination of national space agencies and commercial companies will become the new trend of space exploration.”。
词汇积累（高考高频）
commercial (adj./n.) 商业的；商业广告
搭配：commercial space 商业航天（高考阅读、写作热点科技话题词汇）
monopoly (n.) 垄断；独占
搭配：monopoly of... ……的垄断（高考阅读高频名词，常结合经济、科技领域考查）
exploration (n.) 探索；探测
搭配：space exploration 太空探索（派生词：explore v. 探索，高考完形、阅读高频词）
accessible (adj.) 可获得的；可到达的
搭配：be accessible to... 对……可获得（高考阅读、写作高频，常考固定搭配）
debris (n.) 碎片；残骸
搭配：space debris 太空碎片（高考阅读热点科技词汇，贴合航天探索话题）
长难句分析
原句：In recent years, the field of space exploration has witnessed a major change—commercial space companies have emerged as important participants, breaking the long-term monopoly of national space agencies and opening up new opportunities for space exploration and utilization.
拆分：
① 主句：the field of space exploration has witnessed a major change（太空探索领域发生了重大变化）；核心动词：witness（见证），高考阅读高频词，常用“时间/地点 + witness + 事件”的结构，表“某时/某地发生某事”。
② 破折号后的解释说明：commercial space companies have emerged as important participants（商业航天公司已成为重要参与者）；核心短语：emerge as 作为……出现（高考阅读高频短语，可替换appear as）。
③ 现在分词短语作状语：breaking the long-term monopoly of national space agencies and opening up new opportunities for space exploration and utilization（打破了国家航天机构的长期垄断，为太空探索和利用开辟了新机遇）；考点：现在分词短语作伴随状语，表主动和伴随，两个并列的现在分词短语分别说明商业航天公司成为重要参与者带来的两个影响。
释义：近年来，太空探索领域发生了重大变化——商业航天公司已成为重要参与者，打破了国家航天机构的长期垄断，为太空探索和利用开辟了新机遇。（翻译要点：“witness”译为“发生”，贴合中文表达习惯；破折号后的内容译为解释说明分句，清晰明了；两个并列现在分词短语译为并列分句，保持语义连贯。）
整篇文章汉语翻译
近年来，太空探索领域发生了重大变化——商业航天公司已成为重要参与者，打破了国家航天机构的长期垄断，为太空探索和利用开辟了新机遇。与更注重科学研究和国家安全的国家航天项目不同，商业航天公司更关注太空活动的市场需求和商业价值。
商业航天发展涵盖多个领域，包括卫星发射、太空旅游、太空资源探索和天基服务等。在卫星发射方面，商业航天公司研发了更具成本效益的运载火箭，降低了卫星发射成本，使更多国家和企业更容易获取太空资源。太空旅游作为一个新兴产业，吸引了许多愿意支付高价体验太空旅行的富裕人士。此外，商业公司还在积极探索月球土壤、小行星矿物等太空资源，这些资源有望在未来解决地球资源短缺问题。
商业航天的兴起给世界带来了诸多益处。首先，它推动了太空技术的创新，因为商业公司相互竞争，研发更先进、更高效的太空产品和服务。其次，它扩大了太空探索和利用的范围，使太空不再是少数国家的“特权”，而是更多主体可以接触到的领域。第三，商业航天的发展能带动航空航天制造、电子信息、新材料等相关产业增长，推动全球经济发展。
然而，商业航天发展也面临诸多挑战和风险。太空技术研发成本高、太空活动风险大，使许多商业公司难以生存。此外，商业航天活动缺乏完善的国际规则和监管体系，可能导致太空碎片污染、太空资源争夺等问题。而且，太空旅游的安全性和宇航员的生命保护也成为公众关注的重点。
未来，随着太空技术的不断进步和国际监管体系的完善，商业航天必将更健康、更快速地发展。它不仅将推动太空探索的发展，还将为人类了解宇宙、解决全球问题带来更多新机遇。国家航天机构与商业公司的结合将成为太空探索的新趋势，为人类太空活动创造更美好的未来。
Passage4
经济类 直播带货与消费新趋势
出处：The Guardian（《卫报》）
With the rapid development of digital technology and the popularity of the Internet, live-streaming commerce has become one of the most popular shopping styles in recent years. More and more people are willing to buy daily necessities, food, clothes and electronic products through live-streaming rooms, which has greatly changed people’s consumption habits.
Live-streaming commerce has many advantages that traditional shopping does not have. First of all, live-streaming hosts can introduce products in detail and show the usage of products directly, so that consumers can know the products clearly before buying. Secondly, the price of products in live-streaming rooms is usually much lower than that in physical stores or online shops, which can help consumers save a lot of money. Thirdly, consumers can interact with hosts and other audiences at any time by sending comments, asking questions and joining lucky draws, making shopping more interesting and interactive.
The rise of live-streaming commerce also promotes the development of economy. It provides more job opportunities for hosts, product suppliers and technical workers. Many farmers and small businessmen sell their products through live-streaming, which helps them increase their income greatly. What’s more, live-streaming commerce can speed up the circulation of goods and promote the growth of consumption.
However, live-streaming commerce also faces some problems. Some hosts exaggerate the advantages of products and sell fake or low-quality products to consumers. In addition, after-sales service is not perfect, and it is difficult for consumers to return or exchange goods. Some live-streaming platforms lack strict supervision, leading to frequent market disorders.
To solve these problems, relevant laws and regulations should be made to supervise live-streaming commerce. Platforms should check the quality of products strictly and punish dishonest hosts seriously. Consumers should improve their ability to tell the difference between true and false information. Only with joint efforts can live-streaming commerce develop in a healthier and more orderly way.
1.What can we know about live-streaming commerce
A. It is less popular than traditional shopping.
B. It has changed people’s consumption habits.
C. It can only be used to sell food and clothes.
D. The price of products is higher in live-streaming rooms.
2.How does live-streaming commerce help increase people’s income
A. By providing more job opportunities. B. By helping people save money on shopping.
C. By improving product quality greatly. D. By perfecting the after-sales service.
3.What does the underlined word “exaggerate” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Speak too highly of something. B. Speak ill of something.
C. Introduce something in detail. D. Doubt something strongly.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To tell people to shop as much as possible.
B. To introduce live-streaming commerce and its development.
C. To advise hosts to sell more expensive products.
D. To criticize the disadvantages of live-streaming commerce.
Answers & Explanations
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段 “which has greatly changed people’s consumption habits” 可知答案。
2.A 细节理解题。第三段提到 “It provides more job opportunities...”，帮助人们增加收入。
3.A 词义猜测题。由后文 “sell fake or low-quality products” 可知主播夸大产品优点。
4.B 推理判断题。文章客观介绍直播带货的兴起、优势、问题与规范方向。
词汇积累（高考高频）
1.commerce (n.) 贸易；商业 搭配：live-streaming commerce 直播带货
2.consumption (n.) 消费 派生词：consume (v.) 消费
3.interactive (adj.) 互动的
4.exaggerate (v.) 夸大；夸张
5.supervision (n.) 监督；管理 派生词：supervise (v.) 监督
长难句分析
原句：Secondly, the price of products in live-streaming rooms is usually much lower than that in physical stores or online shops, which can help consumers save a lot of money.
拆分：
① 主句：the price of products... is much lower than that...（直播间产品价格通常比实体店或网店低得多）；
② 定语从句：which can help consumers save a lot of money（这能帮助消费者省下很多钱，which 指代前面整句话）。
释义：其次，直播间里的产品价格通常比实体店或网店低得多，这能帮助消费者省下很多钱。
Passage5
科技类·AI数字孪生与产业革新
出处：Tech Crunch（《科技博客》）
AI digital twin technology, a combination of artificial intelligence and digital simulation, is bringing a profound transformation to various industries. A digital twin is a virtual replica of a physical object, process or system, which can simulate its real-time status, operation and potential problems with the support of AI. This technology bridges the gap between the physical world and the digital world, providing new solutions for industrial development.
Digital twin technology has been widely applied in many industries. In the manufacturing industry, it can create virtual models of production lines, helping enterprises simulate production processes, find potential faults in advance and optimize production efficiency. In the construction industry, digital twins of buildings can be used to monitor construction progress, ensure project quality and reduce construction risks. In addition, it plays an important role in the medical field (such as simulating human organs for surgical training) and the energy field (such as optimizing the operation of power grids), bringing great convenience and benefits to these fields.
Despite its broad application prospects, digital twin technology still faces some challenges. Firstly, building a high-precision digital twin requires a large amount of data and high-cost equipment, which is a burden for small and medium-sized enterprises. Secondly, the integration of AI and digital twin technology needs further improvement, especially in terms of real-time data transmission and analysis. Besides, there are potential risks of data security and privacy leakage, as digital twins rely heavily on data collection and storage.
To promote the healthy development of digital twin technology, governments and enterprises need to work together. Governments should formulate relevant policies to support technological innovation and provide financial assistance for small and medium-sized enterprises. Enterprises should strengthen research and development to improve the precision and stability of digital twin technology and attach importance to data security protection. With the continuous progress of technology, digital twin technology will become an important driving force for industrial upgrading and promote the high-quality development of various industries.
1. What is a digital twin according to the passage
A. A physical object used to simulate virtual systems.
B. A virtual replica of a physical object, process or system.
C. A type of artificial intelligence used in medical treatment.
D. A digital device that collects data from the physical world.
2. Which industry is NOT mentioned as an application of digital twin technology
A. Manufacturing.
B. Construction.
C. Agriculture.
D. Medical field.
3. What does the underlined word “replica” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. A copy or duplicate of something.
B. A real physical object.
C. A new invention.
D. A type of software.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of AI digital twin technology.
B. The advantages of artificial intelligence in industry.
C. The applications, challenges and development suggestions of digital twin technology.
D. The ways to protect data security in digital twin technology.
答案和解析
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“A digital twin is a virtual replica of a physical object, process or system”可知，数字孪生是物理对象、过程或系统的虚拟副本。A、C、D项均不符合文意。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段内容，数字孪生技术的应用领域包括制造业、建筑业、医疗领域和能源领域，农业未被提及。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据后文“which can simulate its real-time status, operation and potential problems”可知，数字孪生可以模拟物理对象的实时状态，由此推测“replica”意为“复制品、副本”。B、C、D项均不符合语境。
4. C 主旨大意题。通读全文，第二段讲述数字孪生技术的应用，第三段指出面临的挑战，第四段给出发展建议。A、B、D项均为文章局部内容，C项“数字孪生技术的应用、挑战及发展建议”全面概括主旨。
词汇积累（高考高频）
1. replica (n.) 复制品；副本 搭配：virtual replica 虚拟副本
2. simulation (n.) 模拟；仿真 派生词：simulate (v.) 模拟；搭配：digital simulation 数字模拟
3. optimize (v.) 优化；使最优化 搭配：optimize production efficiency 优化生产效率
4. integration (n.) 整合；融合 派生词：integrate (v.) 整合；
搭配：the integration of AI and technology AI与技术的整合
5. leakage (n.) 泄露 搭配：data leakage 数据泄露
长难句分析
原句：A digital twin is a virtual replica of a physical object, process or system, which can simulate its real-time status, operation and potential problems with the support of AI.
拆分：
① 主句：A digital twin is a virtual replica of a physical object, process or system（数字孪生是物理对象、过程或系统的虚拟副本）；
② 定语从句：which can simulate its real-time status, operation and potential problems with the support of AI（修饰a virtual replica，意为“在人工智能的支持下，可以模拟其实时状态、运行情况和潜在问题”）；
③ 状语：with the support of AI（在人工智能的支持下）。
释义：数字孪生是物理对象、过程或系统的虚拟副本，在人工智能的支持下，它可以模拟其实时状态、运行情况和潜在问题。
Passage6
科技类·量子计算与科技变革
出处：Science Daily（《科学日报》）
Quantum computing, a revolutionary technology based on the principles of quantum mechanics, is reshaping the world of science and technology. Unlike traditional computers that use bits to store and process information, quantum computers use qubits, which can exist in multiple states at the same time. This unique feature enables quantum computers to solve complex problems that are beyond the reach of traditional computers.
Quantum computing has broad application prospects in various fields. In the field of medicine, it can accelerate the research and development of new drugs by simulating the structure and interaction of molecules, which shortens the time and reduces the cost of drug development. In the financial industry, quantum computing can be used for risk assessment and encryption, helping financial institutions better manage risks and protect transaction security. In addition, it plays an important role in artificial intelligence, climate prediction and material science, bringing new breakthroughs to these fields.
However, the development of quantum computing is still in its early stage and faces many challenges. Firstly, quantum computers are extremely sensitive to the external environment, such as temperature, noise and electromagnetic interference, which easily leads to the loss of quantum information. Secondly, the production of qubits is very difficult and requires high-precision technology, which limits the scale of quantum computers. Besides, the cost of developing and maintaining quantum computers is extremely high, making it difficult for most enterprises and research institutions to afford.
To promote the development of quantum computing, governments, scientific research institutions and enterprises around the world are working together. Governments have increased investment in quantum computing research to support technological breakthroughs. Scientists are exploring new materials and technologies to improve the stability of qubits and expand the scale of quantum computers. Enterprises are actively carrying out technological innovation and cooperation to promote the commercial application of quantum computing. With continuous efforts, quantum computing will bring a new round of technological revolution and change people's life and work in the future.
1. What is the difference between quantum computers and traditional computers
A. Quantum computers use bits to process information.
B. Quantum computers use qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously.
C. Traditional computers are more powerful than quantum computers.
D. Traditional computers can solve more complex problems.
2. Which field is NOT mentioned as an application of quantum computing
A. Medicine.
B. Finance.
C. Climate prediction.
D. Space colonization.
3. What does the underlined word “sensitive” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Not easily affected by external factors.
B. Easily affected by external factors.
C. Stable and reliable.
D. Difficult to operate.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of quantum computing.
B. The advantages and disadvantages of traditional computers.
C. The characteristics, applications, challenges and development of quantum computing.
D. The ways to reduce the cost of quantum computing.
答案和解析
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Unlike traditional computers that use bits to store and process information, quantum computers use qubits, which can exist in multiple states at the same time”可知，量子计算机使用可同时存在于多种状态的量子比特，而传统计算机使用比特。A项与原文相反，C、D项不符合文意。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容，量子计算的应用领域包括医学、金融、人工智能、气候预测和材料科学，D项“太空殖民”未被提及。
3. B 词义猜测题。根据后文“such as temperature, noise and electromagnetic interference, which easily leads to the loss of quantum information”可知，量子计算机易受温度、噪音等外部因素影响，导致量子信息丢失，由此推测“sensitive”意为“敏感的，易受外部因素影响的”。A、C、D项均不符合语境。
4. C 主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段介绍量子计算的定义和与传统计算机的区别，第二段讲述其应用前景，第三段指出面临的挑战，第四段给出发展建议。A、B、D项均为文章局部内容，C项“量子计算的特点、应用、挑战及发展”全面概括主旨。
词汇积累（高考高频）
quantum (adj./n.) 量子的；量子
搭配：quantum computing 量子计算； quantum mechanics 量子力学
revolutionary (adj.) 革命性的 派生词：revolution (n.) 革命；
搭配：revolutionary technology 革命性技术
3. simulate (v.) 模拟；模仿 搭配：simulate the structure of molecules 模拟分子结构
4. sensitive (adj.) 敏感的 搭配：be sensitive to 对……敏感
5. precision (n.) 精确；精密 派生词：precise (adj.) 精确的；
搭配：high-precision technology 高精度技术
长难句分析
原句：Unlike traditional computers that use bits to store and process information, quantum computers use qubits, which can exist in multiple states at the same time.
拆分：
① 比较状语：Unlike traditional computers that use bits to store and process information（与使用比特存储和处理信息的传统计算机不同）；
② 定语从句1：that use bits to store and process information（修饰traditional computers，意为“使用比特存储和处理信息的”）；
③ 主句：quantum computers use qubits（量子计算机使用量子比特）；
④ 定语从句2：which can exist in multiple states at the same time（修饰qubits，意为“可以同时存在于多种状态的”）。
释义：与使用比特存储和处理信息的传统计算机不同，量子计算机使用量子比特，这种量子比特可以同时存在于多种状态。
Passage7
科技类·人工智能与教育变革
出处：MIT Technology Review（《麻省理工科技评论》）
Artificial Intelligence (AI), as a cutting-edge technology changing the world, has gradually penetrated into the field of education, bringing profound changes to teaching methods and learning modes. Unlike traditional education that adopts a "one-size-fits-all" model, AI-enabled education can tailor teaching plans and learning resources according to each student’s learning ability, interests and progress, realizing personalized education.
The application forms of AI in education are various and practical. Intelligent tutoring systems, for example, can analyze students’ learning data in real time, identify their weak points in knowledge and provide targeted exercises and explanations. This helps students make up for gaps in learning efficiently and avoid blind review. In addition, AI-powered translation tools and voice recognition technology can assist students in learning foreign languages, improving their listening, speaking, reading and writing skills through interactive practice. Some schools have also introduced AI teaching assistants, which can answer students’ questions at any time and reduce the workload of teachers.
The integration of AI and education has brought many benefits. For students, it makes learning more efficient and interesting, helping them build learning confidence and develop independent learning abilities. For teachers, it frees them from tedious daily work such as correcting homework and grading papers, allowing them to focus more on guiding students’ thinking and cultivating their comprehensive quality. For the education industry, it promotes the balanced development of education resources, enabling students in remote areas to access high-quality educational services through AI technology.
Nevertheless, the combination of AI and education also faces some challenges. On the one hand, some people worry that over-reliance on AI will reduce face-to-face communication between teachers and students, which is not conducive to the cultivation of students’ emotional intelligence and social skills. On the other hand, the application of AI in education requires high technical costs, and some schools, especially those in poor areas, cannot afford the relevant equipment and services. Besides, there are risks of data leakage, as AI systems need to collect a large amount of students’ personal and learning data.
With the continuous advancement of technology and the improvement of relevant policies, it is believed that the problems existing in AI-enabled education will be solved step by step. In the future, AI will not replace teachers but become a powerful assistant for them, promoting the transformation of education towards more personalized, efficient and equitable development.
1. What is the difference between AI-enabled education and traditional education
A. AI-enabled education adopts a "one-size-fits-all" model.
B. AI-enabled education provides personalized teaching plans.
C. Traditional education uses intelligent tutoring systems.
D. Traditional education realizes balanced development of resources.
2. Which application of AI in education is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Intelligent tutoring systems. B. AI-powered translation tools.
C. AI-driven exam proposition systems. D. AI teaching assistants.
3. What does the underlined word "penetrated" in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Withdrawn from. B. Entered and spread in.
C. Been rejected by. D. Been replaced by.
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. AI will completely replace teachers in the future.
B. AI-enabled education has no disadvantages.
C. The application of AI in education will become more and more mature.
D. All schools can afford AI education equipment now.
答案和解析
1. B 细节理解题（高考高频题型）。解题关键：定位第一段第二句“Unlike traditional education that adopts a 'one-size-fits-all' model, AI-enabled education can tailor teaching plans and learning resources according to each student’s learning ability, interests and progress”。解析：题干询问人工智能教育与传统教育的区别，原文明确指出传统教育是“一刀切”模式，而人工智能教育可根据学生情况定制教学计划（即个性化教学计划）。干扰项分析：A项与原文相反，“一刀切”是传统教育的模式；C项错误，智能辅导系统是人工智能教育的应用，而非传统教育；D项错误，实现教育资源均衡发展是人工智能教育的好处，并非传统教育的特点。
2. C 细节理解题。解题关键：定位第二段，逐一比对选项与原文提及的人工智能教育应用。解析：第二段提到了三种应用：Intelligent tutoring systems（智能辅导系统，A项）、AI-powered translation tools（人工智能翻译工具，B项）、AI teaching assistants（人工智能教学助手，D项），未提及AI-driven exam proposition systems（人工智能命题系统，C项），故选C。
3. B 词义猜测题（高考高频题型）。解题关键：结合上下文语境，分析该词前后语义逻辑。解析：第一段第一句“Artificial Intelligence (AI), as a cutting-edge technology changing the world, has gradually penetrated into the field of education, bringing profound changes...”，人工智能作为前沿技术，给教育领域带来了深刻变化，可推断其“进入并渗透到”教育领域。干扰项分析：A项“退出”、C项“被拒绝”、D项“被取代”均与“带来深刻变化”的语义逻辑矛盾，排除。
4. C 推理判断题（高考难点题型）。解题关键：立足原文，合理推断，避免过度解读或与原文矛盾。解析：最后一段提到“With the continuous advancement of technology and the improvement of relevant policies, it is believed that the problems existing in AI-enabled education will be solved step by step”，由此可推断，人工智能在教育领域的应用会逐渐成熟（C项）。干扰项分析：A项与原文“AI will not replace teachers”矛盾；B项错误，原文第四段明确提到人工智能教育面临诸多挑战，并非没有缺点；D项与原文“some schools, especially those in poor areas, cannot afford the relevant equipment and services”矛盾。
词汇积累（高考高频）
penetrate (v.) 渗透；进入
搭配：penetrate into a field 渗透到某个领域（高考常考场景：科技、文化领域的渗透）
tailor (v.) 定制；使适应 搭配：tailor teaching plans 定制教学计划
（拓展：tailor sth. to sb.’s needs 使某物适应某人的需求）
tedious (adj.) 繁琐的；乏味的
搭配：tedious work 繁琐的工作（近义词：boring，高考完形、阅读常考辨析）
equitable (adj.) 公平的；公正的
搭配：equitable development 公平发展（同根词：equity n. 公平，高考写作高级替换词）
leakage (n.) 泄露
搭配：data leakage 数据泄露（热点话题词汇，阅读、写作均可能涉及）
长难句分析
原句：Unlike traditional education that adopts a "one-size-fits-all" model, AI-enabled education can tailor teaching plans and learning resources according to each student’s learning ability, interests and progress, realizing personalized education.
拆分：
① 状语：Unlike traditional education that adopts a "one-size-fits-all" model（与采用“一刀切”模式的传统教育不同）；核心考点：unlike引导的比较状语，高考阅读中常用来对比两种事物的差异，是细节题的高频定位点。
② 定语从句：that adopts a "one-size-fits-all" model（修饰traditional education，说明传统教育的模式）；考点：that引导的限定性定语从句，先行词为education，在从句中作主语，高考常考定语从句的引导词辨析（that/which/who等）。
③ 主句：AI-enabled education can tailor teaching plans and learning resources according to each student’s learning ability, interests and progress（人工智能教育可以根据每个学生的学习能力、兴趣和进度定制教学计划和学习资源）；核心结构：tailor sth. according to sth.（根据某物定制某物），是高考写作可借鉴的高级表达。
④ 结果状语：realizing personalized education（现在分词短语表结果，意为“实现个性化教育”）；考点：现在分词作结果状语，区别于不定式作目的状语（to do），高考语法填空、阅读理解常考。
释义：与采用“一刀切”模式的传统教育不同，人工智能教育可以根据每个学生的学习能力、兴趣和进度定制教学计划和学习资源，实现个性化教育。（翻译要点：“one-size-fits-all”译为“一刀切”，符合中文表达习惯；“AI-enabled education”译为“人工智能教育”，简洁准确。）
整篇文章汉语翻译
人工智能（AI）作为一项改变世界的前沿技术，已逐渐渗透到教育领域，给教学方法和学习模式带来了深刻变革。与采用“一刀切”模式的传统教育不同，人工智能教育可以根据每个学生的学习能力、兴趣和进度定制教学计划和学习资源，实现个性化教育。
人工智能在教育领域的应用形式多样且实用。例如，智能辅导系统可以实时分析学生的学习数据，找出他们在知识上的薄弱环节，并提供针对性的练习和讲解。这有助于学生高效弥补学习漏洞，避免盲目复习。此外，人工智能翻译工具和语音识别技术可以辅助学生学习外语，通过互动练习提高他们的听、说、读、写能力。一些学校还引入了人工智能教学助手，它们可以随时解答学生的问题，减轻教师的工作量。
人工智能与教育的融合带来了诸多益处。对学生而言，它使学习更高效、更有趣，帮助他们建立学习信心，培养自主学习能力。对教师而言，它将教师从批改作业、阅卷等繁琐的日常工作中解放出来，让他们能更专注于引导学生思维和培养学生的综合素质。对教育行业而言，它促进了教育资源的均衡发展，使偏远地区的学生也能通过人工智能技术获取高质量的教育服务。
然而，人工智能与教育的结合也面临一些挑战。一方面，有人担心过度依赖人工智能会减少师生之间的面对面交流，不利于学生情商和社交能力的培养。另一方面，人工智能在教育中的应用需要高昂的技术成本，一些学校，尤其是贫困地区的学校，无法承担相关设备和服务费用。此外，由于人工智能系统需要收集大量学生的个人和学习数据，存在数据泄露的风险。
随着技术的不断进步和相关政策的完善，相信人工智能教育存在的问题将逐步得到解决。未来，人工智能不会取代教师，而是会成为教师的得力助手，推动教育向更个性化、更高效、更公平的方向转型。
Passage8
科技类·太空探索与人类未来
出处：National Geographic（《国家地理》）
In recent decades, space exploration has made remarkable progress with the joint efforts of various countries. From the first human landing on the moon to the launch of space stations, humans are constantly expanding their horizons and exploring the mysteries of the universe. Space exploration is not only a pursuit of scientific truth but also a preparation for the future survival and development of humanity.
Space exploration has brought great breakthroughs in science and technology. For example, the research on space environment has promoted the development of new materials and medical technologies. The technology used in space shuttles and space stations has been applied to daily life, bringing convenience to people. In addition, space exploration helps humans understand the origin and evolution of the universe, as well as the possibility of life on other planets. Many space probes have been sent to Mars, Venus and other planets to collect data and look for signs of life.
Moreover, space exploration is of great significance for the future of humanity. With the increasing pressure of population growth and resource shortage on Earth, space may become a new home for humans in the future. Countries around the world are actively carrying out research on space colonization, such as building space cities and developing technologies for long-term space survival. In addition, space resources, such as mineral resources and solar energy in space, may solve the resource crisis on Earth.
However, space exploration also faces great challenges. Firstly, space exploration requires a huge amount of funds and human resources, which is a heavy burden for many countries. Secondly, the space environment is extremely harsh, with high radiation, extreme temperature and vacuum, which brings great risks to astronauts and space equipment. Besides, there are still many technical difficulties to overcome in long-distance space travel and space colonization.
To promote the development of space exploration, countries around the world should strengthen cooperation and share resources and technologies. Governments should increase investment in space exploration and encourage scientific research institutions and enterprises to participate in it. In addition, scientists should continue to make technological breakthroughs to solve the existing difficulties. It is believed that with the unremitting efforts of humans, we will explore more mysteries of the universe and create a better future for humanity.
1. What is the significance of space exploration for science and technology
A. It helps humans solve all environmental problems on Earth.
B. It promotes the development of new materials and medical technologies.
C. It makes space travel accessible to everyone.
D. It replaces the research on Earth's resources.
2. Why is space exploration important for the future of humanity
A. It can help humans find a new home and solve resource crises.
B. It can make humans control the entire universe.
C. It can reduce the population on Earth.
D. It can eliminate all risks on Earth.
3. What does the underlined word “harsh” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Comfortable and safe.
B. Gentle and mild.
C. Severe and unfavorable.
D. Simple and easy to adapt to.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of space exploration and its achievements.
B. The benefits, challenges and development suggestions of space exploration.
C. The risks of space exploration for astronauts.
D. The ways to build space cities.
答案和解析
1. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“the research on space environment has promoted the development of new materials and medical technologies”可知，太空探索推动了新材料和医疗技术的发展。A项“解决地球所有环境问题”、C项“让每个人都能进行太空旅行”、D项“取代地球资源研究”均不符合文意。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第三段“space may become a new home for humans in the future”和“space resources... may solve the resource crisis on Earth”可知，太空探索对人类未来的重要性在于能帮助人类寻找新家园、解决资源危机。B项“控制整个宇宙”、C项“减少地球人口”、D项“消除地球所有风险”均过于绝对，不符合文意。
3. C 词义猜测题。根据后文“with high radiation, extreme temperature and vacuum”可知，太空环境有高辐射、极端温度和真空，由此推测“harsh”意为“恶劣的、不利的”。A项“舒适安全的”、B项“温和的”、D项“简单易适应的”均不符合语境。
4. B 主旨大意题。通读全文，第二段讲述太空探索的益处，第四段指出面临的挑战，第五段给出发展建议。A项“太空探索的历史和成就”、C项“太空探索对宇航员的风险”、D项“建造太空城市的方法”均为文章局部内容，B项“太空探索的益处、挑战及发展建议”全面概括主旨。
词汇积累（高考高频）
1. exploration (n.) 探索；探测 派生词：explore (v.) 探索；搭配：space exploration 太空探索
2. remarkable (adj.) 显著的；非凡的 搭配：remarkable progress 显著进步
3. horizon (n.) 视野；地平线 搭配：expand one's horizons 开阔视野
4. harsh (adj.) 恶劣的；严厉的 搭配：harsh environment 恶劣环境
5. colonization (n.) 殖民；定居 派生词：colonize (v.) 殖民；定居
长难句分析
原句：From the first human landing on the moon to the launch of space stations, humans are constantly expanding their horizons and exploring the mysteries of the universe.
拆分：
① 状语：From the first human landing on the moon to the launch of space stations（从人类第一次登上月球到空间站的发射）；
② 主句：humans are constantly expanding their horizons and exploring the mysteries of the universe（人类正在不断开阔视野，探索宇宙的奥秘）；
③ 并列谓语：expanding their horizons 和 exploring the mysteries of the universe（开阔视野和探索宇宙奥秘）。
释义：从人类第一次登上月球到空间站的发射，人类正在不断开阔视野，探索宇宙的奥秘。
Passage9
环境类·城市绿化与生态修复
　　Urban greening has become a crucial component of modern urban development, as it not only enhances the living environment of residents but also helps address environmental issues such as air pollution and the heat island effect. In recent years, a growing number of cities have started to focus on ecological restoration, integrating green spaces into urban planning to build more sustainable cities.
　　A major benefit of urban greening is the improvement of air quality. Trees and plants are able to absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen, which helps lower the concentration of harmful gases in the air. For example, a large urban central park can absorb a considerable amount of carbon dioxide, freshening the air for nearby residents. Another advantage is the mitigation of the heat island effect. Urban areas are generally warmer than rural areas due to the large number of buildings and roads, but green spaces can produce a cooling effect through shading and transpiration.
　　Nonetheless, urban greening also faces several difficulties. A primary problem is the scarcity of space for green areas in densely populated cities. Many cities have limited land resources, making it challenging to construct large parks and green belts. Another difficulty is the high cost of green space maintenance. Watering, pruning, and pest control are all costly, and numerous cities are unable to properly maintain their green areas. Furthermore, some green spaces are not scientifically designed, which may result in the waste of resources.
　　In summary, urban greening is an effective means of improving the urban environment, but it demands careful planning and management. The best approach is to combine ecological restoration with urban development, ensuring that green spaces are both aesthetically pleasing and functionally practical.
1. What is the main benefit of urban greening for cities
A. It can make cities more crowded.
B. It can enhance the living environment and solve environmental problems.
C. It can decrease the number of trees and plants.
D. It can raise the cost of urban development.
2. Why can green spaces mitigate the heat island effect
A. Because they can absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen.
B. Because they can produce a cooling effect through shading and transpiration.
C. Because they can freshen the air.
D. Because they can provide more space for residents.
3. What is one of the challenges of urban greening
A. It can improve air quality.
B. It can mitigate the heat island effect.
C. It is hard to build large green areas in densely populated cities.
D. It can reduce the cost of green space maintenance.
4. What is the author’s view on urban greening
A. It is unnecessary for modern cities. B. It requires careful planning and management.
C. It should be completely abandoned due to high costs .D. It is only suitable for small cities.
答案与详细解析
B解析：根据第一段 “it not only enhances the living environment… but also helps address environmental issues…” 可知，城市绿化主要作用是改善居住环境、解决环境问题。
B解析：根据第二段 “green spaces can produce a cooling effect through shading and transpiration” 直接对应答案。
C解析：根据第三段 “scarcity of space… in densely populated cities… limited land resources, making it challenging to construct large parks” 可知，人口密集城市难以建设大型绿地是主要挑战之一。
B解析：根据最后一段 “it demands careful planning and management” 可知作者观点。
词汇积累（高考高频）
1. sustainable (adj.) 可持续的；文中义：将绿地与城市规划相结合，打造一个更可持续的城市。
搭配：sustainable development 可持续发展；sustainable city 可持续城市
2. absorb (v.) 吸收；文中义：树木和植物可以吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。
搭配：absorb carbon dioxide 吸收二氧化碳；absorb water 吸水
3. lower (v.) 减少；降低；文中义：减少空气中有害气体的浓度。
搭配：lower the concentration of 降低……的浓度；lower pollution 减少污染
4. maintenance (n.) 维护；保养；文中义：浇水、修剪和病虫害防治都很昂贵，许多城市无法承担其绿地维护费用。
搭配：green space maintenance 绿地维护；equipment maintenance 设备维护
5. prune (v.) 修剪；文中义：浇水、修剪和病虫害防治都很昂贵，许多城市无法承担其绿地维护费用。
搭配：prune trees 修剪树木；prune branches 修剪树枝
长难句分析
原句：Trees and plants are able to absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen, which helps lower the concentration of harmful gases in the air.（第二段第二句）
拆分：
① 主句：Trees and plants are able to absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen（树木和植物可以吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气）；
② 非限制性定语从句：which helps lower the concentration of harmful gases in the air（which指代前文内容，意为“这有助于降低空气中有害气体的浓度”）。
释义：树木和植物可以吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气，这有助于降低空气中有害气体的浓度。
Passage10
环保类·全球塑料污染治理新方案
出处：National Geographic（《国家地理》）
Plastic pollution has become one of the most urgent environmental problems in the world. Every year, hundreds of millions of tons of plastic are produced worldwide, and a large part of them eventually enters oceans, rivers and soil, causing serious damage to ecosystems and human health. Traditional plastic waste treatment methods, such as landfills and burning, can hardly solve the problem fundamentally, and may even lead to secondary pollution.
In recent years, countries around the world have taken active measures to fight against plastic pollution. Many governments have passed laws to limit or ban single-use plastics, including plastic bags, straws and disposable tableware. Some companies have started to use biodegradable materials instead of traditional plastics to develop environmentally friendly products. In addition, advanced technologies such as chemical recycling and plastic upcycling are being developed, which can turn waste plastic into high-value products.
Public awareness of plastic reduction is also rising rapidly. More and more people choose to take reusable bags, bottles and containers in daily life, refusing unnecessary plastic products. Environmental organizations are actively promoting zero-waste lifestyles and calling on the whole society to join in the action of protecting the earth.
However, the global fight against plastic pollution still faces great challenges. The production of plastics is still increasing in some areas, and the recycling system is not perfect in many developing countries. What’s more, the cost of new environmental protection technologies is relatively high, which limits their popularization and application.
Experts believe that solving plastic pollution requires joint efforts from governments, enterprises and individuals. Only by reducing the use of plastics at source, improving recycling systems and developing green alternatives can human beings gradually win the battle against plastic pollution and protect the shared home of all living things.
1. What is the main problem caused by plastic pollution according to Paragraph 1
A. It leads to the rise of global temperature.
B. It damages ecosystems and human health.
C. It makes energy resources run out quickly.
D. It increases the cost of daily production.
2. Which measure is NOT mentioned to deal with plastic pollution
A. Banning single-use plastics completely in all countries.
B. Using biodegradable materials to make products.
C. Developing chemical recycling technology.
D. Promoting reusable daily necessities.
3. What does the underlined word “biodegradable” probably mean
A. Able to be broken down naturally.
B. Hard to be recycled or reused.
C. Made of advanced plastic materials.
D. Produced with low cost.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of plastic production and usage.
B. The harm, solutions and challenges of plastic pollution.
C. The ways to develop new recycling technologies.
D. The importance of environmental organizations.
答案和解析
1. 【答案】C 【题型】细节理解题
【解析】题干要求“传统教学模式的弊端是什么”，定位原文第一段第二句“Traditional teaching mode often follows the same process for all students, ignoring their differences in learning ability, interest and progress”（传统教学模式通常对所有学生采用相同的流程，忽视了他们在学习能力、兴趣和进度上的差异）。
- A 错误：“它过于关注学生的差异”，与原文“ignoring their differences”（忽视差异）相反，属于反向干扰，表述矛盾。
- B 错误：“它使用先进技术教学”，原文第一段明确说传统教学模式与AI赋能教育形成对比，AI才是“先进技术”，传统教学模式未使用先进技术，属于偷换概念。
- C 正确：“它忽视学生之间的个体差异”，与原文“ignoring their differences in learning ability, interest and progress”完全对应，“individual differences”（个体差异）是原文“differences in learning ability, interest and progress”的概括，符合题干要求。
- D 错误：“它提供个性化学习体验”，原文第一段第三句提到“AI-powered education can provide personalized learning experience”（人工智能赋能教育提供个性化学习体验），说明“个性化学习”是AI教育的优势，而非传统教学的特点，属于偷换概念。
2. 【答案】B 【题型】细节理解题
【解析】题干要求“人工智能教育系统如何帮助学生”，定位原文第二段“AI education systems can collect and analyze students’ learning data... Based on the data, the system can find out students’ weak points and provide targeted learning materials and exercises. Students can study at their own pace...”（人工智能教育系统可以实时收集和分析学生的学习数据……基于这些数据，系统可以找出学生的薄弱环节，并提供针对性的学习材料和练习。学生可以按照自己的节奏学习……）。
- A 错误：“强迫所有学生以相同的速度学习”，与原文“Students can study at their own pace”（学生可以按照自己的节奏学习）相反，属于反向干扰，且“force”（强迫）表述绝对，不符合文意。
- B 正确：“分析学习数据并提供针对性帮助”，与原文“collect and analyze students’ learning data... find out students’ weak points and provide targe猜押热点专题04 “科技创新与数字时代”主题专练
（原卷版）
一、政策溯源：国家战略与育人导向的顶层设计
1. 新质生产力与科技强国战略引领
《关于发展新质生产力推进高质量发展的意见》明确 “以科技创新引领产业升级，加快数字技术与实体经济深度融合”。2025-2026 年教育部持续将 “数字素养、科技伦理、创新意识” 纳入中小学育人核心指标。高考作为教育 “指挥棒”，必然将 “科技创新与数字时代” 转化为命题语境，通过英语语篇传递科技自立自强理念，引导青少年树立科技自信与数字责任意识，契合国家战略落地的教育使命。
2. 新课标 “人与社会” 主题强化
（2025 版）2025 年修订的《普通高中英语课程标准》将 “人与社会” 列为三大主题语境之一，新增 “科技发展、数字文明、创新实践” 等子主题，要求 “试题选材贴近时代前沿，聚焦科技伦理、数字安全、创新精神与合作探究”。新课标强调 “用英语讲好中国科技故事”，强化 “立德树人”，突出对科技伦理、数字公民素养、跨文化科技交流的考查，为 2026 年命题划定核心方向。
3. “科技 + 教育” 融合政策落地
近年高考命题全面落实 “科技创新与数字素养” 融合要求：
人工智能教育：新增 AI 伦理、AI 辅助学习、生成式 AI 利弊辨析等热点，考查数字时代的理性判断与应用能力；
数字素养：聚焦网络安全、信息辨别、数字鸿沟、数据隐私，强化 “数字公民” 责任；
前沿科技：量子计算、航天成就、新能源技术、智慧城市、机器人成为命题新增长点；
科技伦理：探讨人机关系、科技向善、知识产权、数据共享，呼应 “科技赋能与价值引领” 的双重目标。
二、2026 年命题迭代趋势
1. 主题深度化
从 “技术应用” 升级为 “科技伦理、数字文明、创新生态、科技与人文融合” 等内在议题，贴合数字时代青少年的现实困惑与成长需求。
2. 素材本土化
更多选用中国科技创新成果（如国产大模型、航天成就、新能源技术）、中国数字治理实践（如智慧城市、数字乡村）、青少年数字生活案例，强化 “中国视角” 与文化认同。
3. 题型融合化
阅读：科技科普文、创新纪实、科技伦理评论、中国科技故事外宣文比重提升，侧重逻辑分析、观点推断与跨文化理解；
续写：聚焦科技发明与生活改善、团队协作攻克技术难题、人机关系反思、科技伦理抉择，强化情感与价值导向；
应用文：科技活动邀请函、创新成果展示稿、数字安全倡议书、AI 学习心得分享、科技社团招募成为主流，突出交际实用性。
三、核心素养与能力考查
1. 语言能力
围绕 “科技创新与数字时代” 话题，考查主题词汇（artificial intelligence, digital literacy, innovation, ethical dilemma）、语篇逻辑、细节理解、观点表达与科技场景下的跨文化沟通。
2. 文化意识
渗透科技自立自强理念、创新精神、科技伦理、数字文明，引导树立正确的科技观与价值观，增强民族自豪感。
3. 思维品质
通过科技发展利弊分析、创新方案设计、科技伦理辩论、数字生活反思等语篇，考查逻辑、批判与创新思维。
4. 学习能力
引导学生主动学习科技知识、提升数字素养、理性看待技术发展，实现 “以考促学、以考育人”。
四、时代需求与考生适配
数字时代下，青少年面临网络依赖、信息过载、数字鸿沟、AI 焦虑等问题，成为社会关注焦点。高考选材回应现实，引导学生理性拥抱科技、提升数字素养、遵守科技伦理，兼具教育意义与社会价值。
五、新课标命题 “三贴近” 原则
贴近时代生活：聚焦数字生活、科技应用、创新实践，语篇时代感强；
贴近时代主题：紧扣 “新质生产力”“科技自立自强”“数字中国”“科技伦理” 政策；
贴近核心素养：落实 “人与社会” 主题，强化数字素养、创新精神、科技伦理与合作探究。
命题稳定性与延续性：“科技创新与数字时代” 是高考英语高频主题，近三年考查频次逐年上升。2026 年将延续并深化：AI 与新质生产力从 “配角” 变 “主角”，科技伦理、数字安全成为新热点，中国科技故事外宣持续高频，完全符合 “稳中求新” 的命题规律。
六、总结：猜押热点的底层逻辑
2026 年英语高考将 “科技创新与数字时代” 作为核心热点，是国家战略、新课标要求、历年命题规律、数字时代现实需求四大因素共同作用的必然结果。命题以 “人与社会” 为统领，覆盖 AI 应用、新质生产力、数字素养、科技伦理、中国科技成就，通过阅读、续写、应用文等题型，进行 “重能力、重素养、重应用” 的综合考查，既贴合新课标精神，也精准回应时代与育人需求。
七、2026 高考英语 “科技创新与数字时代” 核心话题词汇（按主题分类）
1. 人工智能与新质生产力 AI & New Productive Forces
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能
generative AI 生成式人工智能
large language model (LLM) 大语言模型
new 质生产力 new productive forces
technological innovation 科技创新
technological breakthrough 技术突破
digital transformation 数字化转型
smart manufacturing 智能制造
industrial upgrading 产业升级
high-tech industry 高新技术产业
AI application 人工智能应用
AI education 人工智能教育
AI healthcare 人工智能医疗
smart city 智慧城市
smart home 智能家居
robot 机器人
automation 自动化
algorithm 算法
data-driven 数据驱动的
digital economy 数字经济
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2. 数字素养与数字生活 Digital Literacy & Life
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
digital literacy 数字素养
digital citizenship 数字公民
digital safety 数字安全
network security 网络安全
data privacy 数据隐私
information security 信息安全
digital divide 数字鸿沟
screen time 屏幕时间
digital detox 数字戒断
self-control 自控力
online learning 在线学习
e-learning platform 电子学习平台
artificial intelligence-assisted learning 人工智能辅助学习
short-video 短视频
fake news 虚假信息
information discrimination 信息辨别
digital footprint 数字足迹
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
3. 科技伦理与创新精神 Tech Ethics & Innovation
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
tech ethics 科技伦理
AI ethics 人工智能伦理
human-AI interaction 人机交互
technological responsibility 科技责任
innovation spirit 创新精神
innovation consciousness 创新意识
teamwork 团队合作
problem-solving 问题解决
creative thinking 创造性思维
critical thinking 批判性思维
ethical dilemma 伦理困境
technological risk 技术风险
technological progress 技术进步
sustainable development 可持续发展
green technology 绿色技术
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
4. 前沿科技与中国成就 Frontier Tech & Chinese Achievements
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
quantum computing 量子计算
aerospace technology 航天技术
space exploration 太空探索
manned space mission 载人航天任务
new energy technology 新能源技术
renewable energy 可再生能源
carbon neutrality 碳中和
smart grid 智能电网
5G technology 5G 技术
internet of things (IoT) 物联网⑩ big data 大数据
cloud computing 云计算
high-speed rail 高铁
Chinese space station 中国空间站
lunar exploration 月球探测
Mars exploration 火星探测21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
5. 高频写作高级词
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
innovative 创新的
digitalized 数字化的
intelligent 智能的
efficient 高效的
convenient 便利的
reliable 可靠的
② secure 安全的
③ sustainable 可持续的
progressive 进步的
forward-looking 前瞻性的
cutting-edge 前沿的
groundbreaking 开创性的
transformative 变革性的
interconnected 互联的
intelligentized 智能化的
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Passage1
科技类·元宇宙与未来生活
The metaverse（元宇宙）, a virtual world that combines virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and the Internet, has become a hot topic in recent years. It is not just a new form of entertainment but a new space for people to work, study, communicate and live, which is expected to change the way we live and interact with the world.
The metaverse brings many new possibilities to people’s lives. In terms of work, people can work in a virtual office with colleagues from all over the world without going out, which saves time and travel costs. For example, a designer in China can cooperate with a team in the United States in a virtual studio, sharing ideas and modifying designs in real time. In education, the metaverse can create immersive learning environments. Students can “visit” ancient civilizations, dive into the deep sea or even travel to outer space through VR equipment, making learning more interesting and vivid. In daily life, people can make friends, attend virtual concerts and try on virtual clothes in the metaverse, enriching their spiritual life.
However, the development of the metaverse still faces many obstacles. First, the technology of the metaverse is not yet mature. VR and AR equipment is relatively expensive, and the virtual experience is not yet perfect, which limits the number of people who can access it. Second, there are hidden risks in data security and privacy protection. In the metaverse, people need to provide a lot of personal information, which may be stolen or misused by criminals. Third, the metaverse may lead to some social problems, such as people being addicted to the virtual world and ignoring real-life interactions.
To promote the healthy development of the metaverse, governments, enterprises and individuals need to work together. Governments should formulate relevant laws and regulations to standardize the development of the metaverse and protect users’ data security and privacy. Enterprises should increase investment in technology research and development to improve the virtual experience and reduce the cost of equipment. Individuals should use the metaverse rationally, balance the time spent in the virtual world and real life. With joint efforts, the metaverse will better serve people and bring more convenience and happiness to our lives.
1. What is the metaverse according to the passage
A. A new form of online entertainment only.
B. A virtual world combining VR, AR and the Internet.
C. A new type of mobile phone application.
D. A real-world space for people to work and study.
2. Which of the following is NOT a possibility brought by the metaverse
A. Working in a virtual office with global colleagues.
B. Having immersive learning experiences.
C. Ignoring real-life interactions completely.
D. Attending virtual concerts in daily life.
3. What does the underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Opportunities.
B. Advantages.
C. Difficulties and challenges.
D. Solutions.
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the development of the metaverse
A. Negative.
B. Optimistic.
C. Doubtful.
D. Neutral.
Passage2
科技类·脑机接口与人类未来
出处：MIT Technology Review（《麻省理工科技评论》
Brain-computer interface (BCI), a cutting-edge technology that connects the human brain with external devices, is opening up new possibilities for human health and daily life. It establishes a direct communication channel between the brain's neural signals and computers or other electronic devices, allowing people to control external equipment with their thoughts without relying on physical movements.
The application of BCI technology has brought revolutionary changes to the medical field. For patients with paralysis or motor disorders, BCI can help them control wheelchairs, prosthetic limbs or even daily necessities through brain signals, greatly improving their quality of life. In addition, it is also used in the treatment of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy, helping to alleviate symptoms and assist in rehabilitation. Beyond medicine, BCI has broad prospects in fields such as virtual reality, gaming and military, bringing a new way of human-computer interaction.
However, the development of BCI technology is still accompanied by many challenges and controversies. Technically, it is difficult to collect and decode neural signals accurately, and the stability and safety of the interface need further improvement. Ethically, there are concerns about privacy and autonomy—BCI involves collecting sensitive brain data, which may lead to the leakage of personal thoughts and emotions. Besides, the high cost of BCI equipment and treatment limits its popularization and application among the general public.
To promote the healthy and sustainable development of BCI technology, it requires the joint efforts of scientists, governments, medical institutions and society as a whole. Scientists should strengthen technological research to improve the accuracy and stability of BCI and reduce costs. Governments need to formulate relevant laws and regulations to standardize the collection and use of brain data and protect personal privacy. Medical institutions should carry out standardized clinical trials to ensure the safety and effectiveness of BCI applications. With continuous exploration and supervision, BCI technology will better serve humanity and create a better future.
1. What is a brain-computer interface (BCI) according to the passage
A. A device that cures all neurological diseases.
B. A technology that connects the human brain with external devices.
C. A computer program that controls human thoughts.
D. A prosthetic limb used by paralyzed patients.
2. Which field is NOT mentioned as an application of BCI technology
A. Medicine.
B. Virtual reality.
C. Agriculture.
D. Military.
3. What does the underlined word “decode” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Collect and store information.
B. Analyze and understand the meaning of signals.
C. Create and send neural signals.
D. Destroy and delete useless data.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of BCI technology development.
B. The ethical problems of modern science and technology.
C. The applications, challenges and development suggestions of BCI technology.
D. The ways to reduce the cost of medical equipment.
Passage3
航天探索类·商业航天发展与太空探索新机遇
出处：The Independent（《独立报》）
In recent years, the field of space exploration has witnessed a major change—commercial space companies have emerged as important participants, breaking the long-term monopoly of national space agencies and opening up new opportunities for space exploration and utilization. Different from national space programs that focus more on scientific research and national security, commercial space companies pay more attention to the market demand and commercial value of space activities.
Commercial space development covers a variety of fields, including satellite launch, space tourism, space resource exploration and space-based services. In terms of satellite launch, commercial space companies have developed more cost-effective launch vehicles, reducing the cost of satellite launch and making it easier for more countries and enterprises to access space resources. Space tourism, as a new emerging industry, has attracted many wealthy individuals who are willing to pay a high price to experience space travel. In addition, commercial companies are also actively exploring space resources, such as lunar soil and asteroid minerals, which are expected to solve the problem of resource shortage on Earth in the future.
The rise of commercial space brings multiple benefits to the world. Firstly, it promotes the innovation of space technology, as commercial companies compete with each other to develop more advanced and efficient space products and services. Secondly, it expands the scope of space exploration and utilization, making space no longer a “privilege” of a few countries but accessible to more entities. Thirdly, the development of commercial space can drive the growth of related industries, such as aerospace manufacturing, electronic information and new materials, promoting global economic development.
However, commercial space development also faces many challenges and risks. The high cost of space technology research and development and the high risk of space activities make it difficult for many commercial companies to survive. In addition, there is a lack of perfect international rules and supervision systems for commercial space activities, which may lead to problems such as space debris pollution and competition for space resources. Moreover, the safety of space tourism and the protection of astronauts’ lives have also become major concerns of the public.
In the future, with the continuous progress of space technology and the improvement of international supervision systems, commercial space will surely develop more healthily and rapidly. It will not only promote the development of space exploration but also bring more new opportunities for human beings to understand the universe and solve global problems. The combination of national space agencies and commercial companies will become the new trend of space exploration, creating a better future for human space activities.
1. What is the major change in the field of space exploration in recent years
A. National space agencies have lost their status completely.
B. Commercial space companies have become important participants.
C. Space exploration has no commercial value anymore.
D. Space travel has become accessible to all people.
2. Which of the following is NOT a field of commercial space development mentioned in the passage
A. Satellite launch
B. Space tourism
C. Space resource exploration
D. Earth resource protection
3. What does the underlined word “monopoly” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A. The situation where only one group controls something.
B. The situation where many groups compete with each other.
C. The situation where something is easy to obtain.
D. The situation where something is impossible to achieve.
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. Commercial space development has no risks.
B. International rules for commercial space are perfect now.
C. The combination of national and commercial space forces will be a trend.
D. Space resources are not useful for solving Earth’s resource shortage.
Passage4
经济类 直播带货与消费新趋势
出处：The Guardian（《卫报》）
With the rapid development of digital technology and the popularity of the Internet, live-streaming commerce has become one of the most popular shopping styles in recent years. More and more people are willing to buy daily necessities, food, clothes and electronic products through live-streaming rooms, which has greatly changed people’s consumption habits.
Live-streaming commerce has many advantages that traditional shopping does not have. First of all, live-streaming hosts can introduce products in detail and show the usage of products directly, so that consumers can know the products clearly before buying. Secondly, the price of products in live-streaming rooms is usually much lower than that in physical stores or online shops, which can help consumers save a lot of money. Thirdly, consumers can interact with hosts and other audiences at any time by sending comments, asking questions and joining lucky draws, making shopping more interesting and interactive.
The rise of live-streaming commerce also promotes the development of economy. It provides more job opportunities for hosts, product suppliers and technical workers. Many farmers and small businessmen sell their products through live-streaming, which helps them increase their income greatly. What’s more, live-streaming commerce can speed up the circulation of goods and promote the growth of consumption.
However, live-streaming commerce also faces some problems. Some hosts exaggerate the advantages of products and sell fake or low-quality products to consumers. In addition, after-sales service is not perfect, and it is difficult for consumers to return or exchange goods. Some live-streaming platforms lack strict supervision, leading to frequent market disorders.
To solve these problems, relevant laws and regulations should be made to supervise live-streaming commerce. Platforms should check the quality of products strictly and punish dishonest hosts seriously. Consumers should improve their ability to tell the difference between true and false information. Only with joint efforts can live-streaming commerce develop in a healthier and more orderly way.
1.What can we know about live-streaming commerce
A. It is less popular than traditional shopping.
B. It has changed people’s consumption habits.
C. It can only be used to sell food and clothes.
D. The price of products is higher in live-streaming rooms.
2.How does live-streaming commerce help increase people’s income
A. By providing more job opportunities.
B. By helping people save money on shopping.
C. By improving product quality greatly.
D. By perfecting the after-sales service.
3.What does the underlined word “exaggerate” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Speak too highly of something.
B. Speak ill of something.
C. Introduce something in detail.
D. Doubt something strongly.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To tell people to shop as much as possible.
B. To introduce live-streaming commerce and its development.
C. To advise hosts to sell more expensive products.
D. To criticize the disadvantages of live-streaming commerce.
Passage5
科技类·AI数字孪生与产业革新
出处：Tech Crunch（《科技博客》）
AI digital twin technology, a combination of artificial intelligence and digital simulation, is bringing a profound transformation to various industries. A digital twin is a virtual replica of a physical object, process or system, which can simulate its real-time status, operation and potential problems with the support of AI. This technology bridges the gap between the physical world and the digital world, providing new solutions for industrial development.
Digital twin technology has been widely applied in many industries. In the manufacturing industry, it can create virtual models of production lines, helping enterprises simulate production processes, find potential faults in advance and optimize production efficiency. In the construction industry, digital twins of buildings can be used to monitor construction progress, ensure project quality and reduce construction risks. In addition, it plays an important role in the medical field (such as simulating human organs for surgical training) and the energy field (such as optimizing the operation of power grids), bringing great convenience and benefits to these fields.
Despite its broad application prospects, digital twin technology still faces some challenges. Firstly, building a high-precision digital twin requires a large amount of data and high-cost equipment, which is a burden for small and medium-sized enterprises. Secondly, the integration of AI and digital twin technology needs further improvement, especially in terms of real-time data transmission and analysis. Besides, there are potential risks of data security and privacy leakage, as digital twins rely heavily on data collection and storage.
To promote the healthy development of digital twin technology, governments and enterprises need to work together. Governments should formulate relevant policies to support technological innovation and provide financial assistance for small and medium-sized enterprises. Enterprises should strengthen research and development to improve the precision and stability of digital twin technology and attach importance to data security protection. With the continuous progress of technology, digital twin technology will become an important driving force for industrial upgrading and promote the high-quality development of various industries.
1. What is a digital twin according to the passage
A. A physical object used to simulate virtual systems.
B. A virtual replica of a physical object, process or system.
C. A type of artificial intelligence used in medical treatment.
D. A digital device that collects data from the physical world.
2. Which industry is NOT mentioned as an application of digital twin technology
A. Manufacturing.
B. Construction.
C. Agriculture.
D. Medical field.
3. What does the underlined word “replica” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. A copy or duplicate of something.
B. A real physical object.
C. A new invention.
D. A type of software.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of AI digital twin technology.
B. The advantages of artificial intelligence in industry.
C. The applications, challenges and development suggestions of digital twin technology.
D. The ways to protect data security in digital twin technology.
Passage6
科技类·量子计算与科技变革
出处：Science Daily（《科学日报》）
Quantum computing, a revolutionary technology based on the principles of quantum mechanics, is reshaping the world of science and technology. Unlike traditional computers that use bits to store and process information, quantum computers use qubits, which can exist in multiple states at the same time. This unique feature enables quantum computers to solve complex problems that are beyond the reach of traditional computers.
Quantum computing has broad application prospects in various fields. In the field of medicine, it can accelerate the research and development of new drugs by simulating the structure and interaction of molecules, which shortens the time and reduces the cost of drug development. In the financial industry, quantum computing can be used for risk assessment and encryption, helping financial institutions better manage risks and protect transaction security. In addition, it plays an important role in artificial intelligence, climate prediction and material science, bringing new breakthroughs to these fields.
However, the development of quantum computing is still in its early stage and faces many challenges. Firstly, quantum computers are extremely sensitive to the external environment, such as temperature, noise and electromagnetic interference, which easily leads to the loss of quantum information. Secondly, the production of qubits is very difficult and requires high-precision technology, which limits the scale of quantum computers. Besides, the cost of developing and maintaining quantum computers is extremely high, making it difficult for most enterprises and research institutions to afford.
To promote the development of quantum computing, governments, scientific research institutions and enterprises around the world are working together. Governments have increased investment in quantum computing research to support technological breakthroughs. Scientists are exploring new materials and technologies to improve the stability of qubits and expand the scale of quantum computers. Enterprises are actively carrying out technological innovation and cooperation to promote the commercial application of quantum computing. With continuous efforts, quantum computing will bring a new round of technological revolution and change people's life and work in the future.
1. What is the difference between quantum computers and traditional computers
A. Quantum computers use bits to process information.
B. Quantum computers use qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously.
C. Traditional computers are more powerful than quantum computers.
D. Traditional computers can solve more complex problems.
2. Which field is NOT mentioned as an application of quantum computing
A. Medicine.
B. Finance.
C. Climate prediction.
D. Space colonization.
3. What does the underlined word “sensitive” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Not easily affected by external factors.
B. Easily affected by external factors.
C. Stable and reliable.
D. Difficult to operate.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of quantum computing.
B. The advantages and disadvantages of traditional computers.
C. The characteristics, applications, challenges and development of quantum computing.
D. The ways to reduce the cost of quantum computing.
Passage7
科技类·人工智能与教育变革
出处：MIT Technology Review（《麻省理工科技评论》）
Artificial Intelligence (AI), as a cutting-edge technology changing the world, has gradually penetrated into the field of education, bringing profound changes to teaching methods and learning modes. Unlike traditional education that adopts a "one-size-fits-all" model, AI-enabled education can tailor teaching plans and learning resources according to each student’s learning ability, interests and progress, realizing personalized education.
The application forms of AI in education are various and practical. Intelligent tutoring systems, for example, can analyze students’ learning data in real time, identify their weak points in knowledge and provide targeted exercises and explanations. This helps students make up for gaps in learning efficiently and avoid blind review. In addition, AI-powered translation tools and voice recognition technology can assist students in learning foreign languages, improving their listening, speaking, reading and writing skills through interactive practice. Some schools have also introduced AI teaching assistants, which can answer students’ questions at any time and reduce the workload of teachers.
The integration of AI and education has brought many benefits. For students, it makes learning more efficient and interesting, helping them build learning confidence and develop independent learning abilities. For teachers, it frees them from tedious daily work such as correcting homework and grading papers, allowing them to focus more on guiding students’ thinking and cultivating their comprehensive quality. For the education industry, it promotes the balanced development of education resources, enabling students in remote areas to access high-quality educational services through AI technology.
Nevertheless, the combination of AI and education also faces some challenges. On the one hand, some people worry that over-reliance on AI will reduce face-to-face communication between teachers and students, which is not conducive to the cultivation of students’ emotional intelligence and social skills. On the other hand, the application of AI in education requires high technical costs, and some schools, especially those in poor areas, cannot afford the relevant equipment and services. Besides, there are risks of data leakage, as AI systems need to collect a large amount of students’ personal and learning data.
With the continuous advancement of technology and the improvement of relevant policies, it is believed that the problems existing in AI-enabled education will be solved step by step. In the future, AI will not replace teachers but become a powerful assistant for them, promoting the transformation of education towards more personalized, efficient and equitable development.
1. What is the difference between AI-enabled education and traditional education
A. AI-enabled education adopts a "one-size-fits-all" model.
B. AI-enabled education provides personalized teaching plans.
C. Traditional education uses intelligent tutoring systems.
D. Traditional education realizes balanced development of resources.
2. Which application of AI in education is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Intelligent tutoring systems. B. AI-powered translation tools.
C. AI-driven exam proposition systems. D. AI teaching assistants.
3. What does the underlined word "penetrated" in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Withdrawn from. B. Entered and spread in.
C. Been rejected by. D. Been replaced by.
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. AI will completely replace teachers in the future.
B. AI-enabled education has no disadvantages.
C. The application of AI in education will become more and more mature.
D. All schools can afford AI education equipment now.
Passage8
科技类·太空探索与人类未来
出处：National Geographic（《国家地理》）
In recent decades, space exploration has made remarkable progress with the joint efforts of various countries. From the first human landing on the moon to the launch of space stations, humans are constantly expanding their horizons and exploring the mysteries of the universe. Space exploration is not only a pursuit of scientific truth but also a preparation for the future survival and development of humanity.
Space exploration has brought great breakthroughs in science and technology. For example, the research on space environment has promoted the development of new materials and medical technologies. The technology used in space shuttles and space stations has been applied to daily life, bringing convenience to people. In addition, space exploration helps humans understand the origin and evolution of the universe, as well as the possibility of life on other planets. Many space probes have been sent to Mars, Venus and other planets to collect data and look for signs of life.
Moreover, space exploration is of great significance for the future of humanity. With the increasing pressure of population growth and resource shortage on Earth, space may become a new home for humans in the future. Countries around the world are actively carrying out research on space colonization, such as building space cities and developing technologies for long-term space survival. In addition, space resources, such as mineral resources and solar energy in space, may solve the resource crisis on Earth.
However, space exploration also faces great challenges. Firstly, space exploration requires a huge amount of funds and human resources, which is a heavy burden for many countries. Secondly, the space environment is extremely harsh, with high radiation, extreme temperature and vacuum, which brings great risks to astronauts and space equipment. Besides, there are still many technical difficulties to overcome in long-distance space travel and space colonization.
To promote the development of space exploration, countries around the world should strengthen cooperation and share resources and technologies. Governments should increase investment in space exploration and encourage scientific research institutions and enterprises to participate in it. In addition, scientists should continue to make technological breakthroughs to solve the existing difficulties. It is believed that with the unremitting efforts of humans, we will explore more mysteries of the universe and create a better future for humanity.
1. What is the significance of space exploration for science and technology
A. It helps humans solve all environmental problems on Earth.
B. It promotes the development of new materials and medical technologies.
C. It makes space travel accessible to everyone.
D. It replaces the research on Earth's resources.
2. Why is space exploration important for the future of humanity
A. It can help humans find a new home and solve resource crises.
B. It can make humans control the entire universe.
C. It can reduce the population on Earth.
D. It can eliminate all risks on Earth.
3. What does the underlined word “harsh” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Comfortable and safe.
B. Gentle and mild.
C. Severe and unfavorable.
D. Simple and easy to adapt to.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of space exploration and its achievements.
B. The benefits, challenges and development suggestions of space exploration.
C. The risks of space exploration for astronauts.
D. The ways to build space cities.
Passage9
环境类·城市绿化与生态修复
　　Urban greening has become a crucial component of modern urban development, as it not only enhances the living environment of residents but also helps address environmental issues such as air pollution and the heat island effect. In recent years, a growing number of cities have started to focus on ecological restoration, integrating green spaces into urban planning to build more sustainable cities.
　　A major benefit of urban greening is the improvement of air quality. Trees and plants are able to absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen, which helps lower the concentration of harmful gases in the air. For example, a large urban central park can absorb a considerable amount of carbon dioxide, freshening the air for nearby residents. Another advantage is the mitigation of the heat island effect. Urban areas are generally warmer than rural areas due to the large number of buildings and roads, but green spaces can produce a cooling effect through shading and transpiration.
　　Nonetheless, urban greening also faces several difficulties. A primary problem is the scarcity of space for green areas in densely populated cities. Many cities have limited land resources, making it challenging to construct large parks and green belts. Another difficulty is the high cost of green space maintenance. Watering, pruning, and pest control are all costly, and numerous cities are unable to properly maintain their green areas. Furthermore, some green spaces are not scientifically designed, which may result in the waste of resources.
　　In summary, urban greening is an effective means of improving the urban environment, but it demands careful planning and management. The best approach is to combine ecological restoration with urban development, ensuring that green spaces are both aesthetically pleasing and functionally practical.
1. What is the main benefit of urban greening for cities
A. It can make cities more crowded.
B. It can enhance the living environment and solve environmental problems.
C. It can decrease the number of trees and plants.
D. It can raise the cost of urban development.
2. Why can green spaces mitigate the heat island effect
A. Because they can absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen.
B. Because they can produce a cooling effect through shading and transpiration.
C. Because they can freshen the air.
D. Because they can provide more space for residents.
3. What is one of the challenges of urban greening
A. It can improve air quality.
B. It can mitigate the heat island effect.
C. It is hard to build large green areas in densely populated cities.
D. It can reduce the cost of green space maintenance.
4. What is the author’s view on urban greening
A. It is unnecessary for modern cities.
B. It requires careful planning and management.
C. It should be completely abandoned due to high costs
.D. It is only suitable for small cities.
Passage10
环保类·全球塑料污染治理新方案
出处：National Geographic（《国家地理》）
Plastic pollution has become one of the most urgent environmental problems in the world. Every year, hundreds of millions of tons of plastic are produced worldwide, and a large part of them eventually enters oceans, rivers and soil, causing serious damage to ecosystems and human health. Traditional plastic waste treatment methods, such as landfills and burning, can hardly solve the problem fundamentally, and may even lead to secondary pollution.
In recent years, countries around the world have taken active measures to fight against plastic pollution. Many governments have passed laws to limit or ban single-use plastics, including plastic bags, straws and disposable tableware. Some companies have started to use biodegradable materials instead of traditional plastics to develop environmentally friendly products. In addition, advanced technologies such as chemical recycling and plastic upcycling are being developed, which can turn waste plastic into high-value products.
Public awareness of plastic reduction is also rising rapidly. More and more people choose to take reusable bags, bottles and containers in daily life, refusing unnecessary plastic products. Environmental organizations are actively promoting zero-waste lifestyles and calling on the whole society to join in the action of protecting the earth.
However, the global fight against plastic pollution still faces great challenges. The production of plastics is still increasing in some areas, and the recycling system is not perfect in many developing countries. What’s more, the cost of new environmental protection technologies is relatively high, which limits their popularization and application.
Experts believe that solving plastic pollution requires joint efforts from governments, enterprises and individuals. Only by reducing the use of plastics at source, improving recycling systems and developing green alternatives can human beings gradually win the battle against plastic pollution and protect the shared home of all living things.
1. What is the main problem caused by plastic pollution according to Paragraph 1
A. It leads to the rise of global temperature.
B. It damages ecosystems and human health.
C. It makes energy resources run out quickly.
D. It increases the cost of daily production.
2. Which measure is NOT mentioned to deal with plastic pollution
A. Banning single-use plastics completely in all countries.
B. Using biodegradable materials to make products.
C. Developing chemical recycling technology.
D. Promoting reusable daily necessities.
3. What does the underlined word “biodegradable” probably mean
A. Able to be broken down naturally.
B. Hard to be recycled or reused.
C. Made of advanced plastic materials.
D. Produced with low cost.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of plastic production and usage.
B. The harm, solutions and challenges of plastic pollution.
C. The ways to develop new recycling technologies.
D. The importance of environmental organizations.
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