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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
沪教版七年级英语下册 Unit 5 Water is life 测验A卷（广州专用）【新教材】
本卷共四大题，14页，满分110分。考试用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、涂改液和修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、语言知识及运用（共两节；满分 25 分）
第一节 语法选择（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从 1～10 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。
Water is 1 most important resource on Earth. About 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water, but only 2 fresh water is clean enough for us to use. Life cannot exist（生存）without water. Water is important for us and for 3 living things on Earth.
In our daily life, we use water for many things. We drink it to keep healthy. We use it 4 food, washing clothes and cleaning our homes. Factories use water to make products, and farms use water to grow crops. Water also helps 5 cities develop.
However, many people still waste water. They leave taps running when brushing teeth or washing hands. Some factories even pour dirty water into rivers, which 6 our water resources day by day.
Now, more and more people realize the problem. We 7 learn to save water in our daily life. We take shorter showers instead of baths. We fix dripping taps at once. We also collect rainwater 8 water plants.
Saving water is our duty. 9 everyone takes action to save water, we will have enough clean water for the future. If we waste clean water, we will 10 a lot more money cleaning water later.
1. A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. A. a bit B. a few C. a lot of D. a little
3. A. other B. another C. others D. the other
4. A. cook B. for cooking C. cooking D. cooked
5. A. we B. our C. ourselves D. ours
6. A. harm B. harms C. harmed D. harming
7. A. should B. could C. might D. need
8. A. water B. watering C. to water D. watered
9. A. While B. Though C. Because D. If
10. A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay
第二节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 11～20 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 项中，选出最佳选项。
Last week, our school held a 11 activity about saving water. All students and teachers joined in it. The activity aimed to tell us the importance of water and 12 us to use water wisely.
At the beginning, a teacher gave a speech. He told us many interesting 13 about water. For example, a person can live for weeks without food but only a few days without water. He also showed us how water travels from clouds to our homes.
Then, we watched a short play. In the play, a drop of water 14 a boy waste water. The water drop told the boy about its long 15 and asked him to stop wasting. The play was very funny and educational.
After that, we discussed in groups about 16 to save water in daily life. We came up with many good ideas. Some said we should turn off taps tightly. Others advised washing more clothes together to save water.
At last, we made 17 to tell people to save water. We put them up on the school walls. I learned a lot from this 18 . I know that every drop of water is valuable.
From now on, I will try my best to save water. I will also tell my family and friends to do the same. 19 small actions can make a big difference. Let’s work together to 20 our Earth and protect water resources.
11. A. sports B. music C. art D. science
12. A. stop B. teach C. keep D. let
13. A. facts B. stories C. jokes D. mistakes
14. A. saw B. heard C. felt D. smelt
15. A. way B. road C. journey D. street
16. A. when B. where C. what D. how
17. A. toys B. cakes C. posters D. cards
18. A. game B. activity C. lesson D. trip
19. A. No B. Few C. Little D. Even
20. A. damage B. save C. build D. find
二、阅读（共两节；满分 35 分）
第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 21～35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 项中，选出最佳选项。
(A)
Many modern cities add rain collection projects into urban（城市的）construction, aiming to ease the pressure on urban freshwater supply. Rainfall is a kind of natural and renewable resource, yet it has long been wasted by flowing directly away from hard roads and concrete（混凝土）buildings.
With simple transformation, common residential areas and public parks can set up rain gathering systems. Special pipelines and storage tanks can collect rainwater in rainy days. After simple filtering, this water can be widely used for road washing, landscape watering and public facility cleaning.
This kind of reused water is not fit for drinking, but it can cut down the consumption（消耗）of high-quality tap water in large amounts. City managers point out that this low-cost method can also reduce urban waterlogging（城市内涝）, as it reduces the speed of rainwater gathering on the ground.
More citizens are gradually accepting this green lifestyle. Making full use of rainfall resources is not only an effective way to save water, but also an important part of building eco-friendly modern cities. It connects natural resources with urban daily operation in a smart way.
21. What is the purpose of building rain collection projects in cities
A. To lower local daily temperature
B. To relieve pressure on urban fresh water supply
C. To provide safe drinking water
D. To change urban building styles
22. Why was rainwater wasted in the past
A. It flowed off hard urban surfaces. B. It was too dirty to be collected.
C. People lacked storage tools . D. The weather was always dry.
23. What can processed rainwater be used for
A. Daily drinking and cooking B. Watering urban green scenery
C. Making industrial products D. Washing personal clothes
24. What extra advantage does rain collection bring
A. It slows down city flood risks. B. It improves local air quality.
C. It cuts construction costs. D. It increases annual rainfall.
(B)
Stable water supply is the core condition for steady crop production across all farming areas. Different kinds of plants need different water amounts in different growth periods, so fixed and orderly water supply plans matter greatly for farmers.
In some dry farming areas, traditional watering methods cause huge resource loss. Large-scale flood irrigation（灌溉）cannot control water volume well, so much water evaporates（蒸发）or sinks into useless soil layers. This old mode wastes precious fresh water and cannot promise crop growth.
Modern precision（精准度）irrigation technologies solve this problem effectively. Drip water supply can send water directly to plant roots, greatly improving water use efficiency. Farm workers can also judge watering time according to soil humidity, avoiding blind water pouring.
Scientific water use in agriculture plays a key role in global food security. With the growth of world population, farmland water demand keeps rising. Updating farming watering ways and abandoning backward modes have become necessary choices for green and sustainable agriculture development.
25. What is the key to steady crop output
A. Advanced farming machines B. Long-time sunshine
C. Rich soil nutrients D. Sufficient and ordered water supply
26. What is the weakness of traditional flood irrigation
A. It wastes plenty of water resources. B. It needs too many workers.
C. It stops crops from growing fast . D. It costs too much money.
27. What is the feature of modern drip irrigation
A. It spreads water over wide fields. B. It works only in rainy seasons.
C. It delivers water to plant roots. D. It needs no management at all.
28. Why should agriculture update watering ways
A. To meet rising water needs for farming B. To reduce the total area of farmland
C. To stop the growth of local crops D. To make farming totally automatic
(C)
Lakeside wetlands are valuable natural ecological buffers between water areas and land. They are covered with special hydrophytic（水生的）plants and soft soil, forming a unique natural environment distinct from terrestrial（陆地的）and aquatic zones.
These wetland zones have powerful natural adjustment ability. They can store surplus（过剩的）rainwater in rainy seasons and release water slowly during dry periods, thereby balancing regional water circulation（循环）. Besides, wetland plants and microorganisms（微生物）can absorb harmful matter in nearby water, acting as a natural barrier against water pollution.
Lots of small creatures choose wetlands as their living places. The mixed environment of water and grass offers enough food and safe shelters（栖息地） for insects, birds and small water plete wetland biology groups can keep the local ecological chain stable.
However, some lakeside wetlands are occupied and damaged in urban expansion. Protecting these natural lands cannot be ignored. Losing wetlands will not only break ecological balance, but also make nearby areas face water shortage and pollution more easily in the future.
29. What is the special feature of lakeside wetlands
A. They belong to pure land areas. B. They are covered with hard rock.
C. They lie between water and land. D. They are all deep water zones.
30.What natural function do wetlands have
A. They speed up water pollution. B. They adjust local water circulation.
C. They stop all rainfall in cities. D. They increase soil hardening.
31. Why do many small lives live in wetlands
A. Human protection is sufficient.
B. There is no natural enemy at all.
C. The temperature stays the same all year.
D. The environment offers food and shelter.
(D)
In the past, most families held the wrong view that tap water was cheap and endless, so they paid little attention to daily water consumption. Wasteful behaviors were very common in family life, and few people realized the hidden risk of fresh water shortage.
In recent years, with the spread of environmental knowledge, people’s water-using ideas have changed greatly. More families begin to choose water-saving home equipment and form moderate living habits. They check water pipes regularly to prevent hidden leaks and reuse domestic water properly.
This change is not only driven by environmental publicity, but also related to real life experience. Some regions have faced periodic（周期性的）water supply limits, making residents realize the value of limited fresh resources.
Small changes in every family can form huge social power. Rational household water use can effectively reduce urban water pressure and lower the cost of public water management. Building a water-saving society starts with everyone’s daily choices and long-term persistent（持久的）good habits.
32. What was people’s old attitude towards tap water
A. They thought it was rare and precious. B. They believed it was inexhaustible.
C. They tried their best to save it. D. They worried about water shortage.
33. What change has taken place in family water use
A. People reuse water less than before. B. Household water waste becomes worse.
C. People choose water-saving tools. D. Water equipment is seldom checked.
34. What makes people change their water habits
A. Higher local water price only
B. The update of city traffic rules
C. Environmental education and real situations
D. The increase of household equipment
35. What is the influence of family water-saving actions
A. It eases the city’s water burden. B. It raises public management costs.
C. It limits people’s daily life. D. It causes water supply limits.
第二节 阅读填空（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
More and more communities are building their own water recycling systems. Instead of letting grey water from sinks and showers flow into sewers（下水道）, these systems collect it through a separate pipe network. The collected water then passes through three cleaning stages, such as screening, filtering, and disinfection（消毒）. 36 This self-operating design makes it very easy for communities to manage.
The cleaned water is not drinkable, but it is safe and clean enough for many everyday mon uses include watering green spaces, washing cars, and flushing toilets. 37 By choosing recycled water for these activities, a typical neighborhood can reduce its tap water use by nearly 40%.
Saving money is one benefit, but there is another important advantage that is easily overlooked. 38 During heavy storms, the system’s storage tanks can hold a large amount of wastewater for hours before slowly releasing it. This delay gives the public drainage system（排水系统）more time to cope, so the streets are less likely to be flooded. 39
Today, many city governments have recognized the great potential of such systems. 40 Encouraged by this policy support, more and more developers are including water recycling designs in their new projects.
选项：
A. All these tasks share one thing in common because they do not require drinking-quality water.
B. As a result, the system acts as a hidden shield against urban waterlogging.
C. The whole treatment process is fully automatic and needs very little human attention.
D. In fact, these recycling units can play a surprising role in flood prevention.
E. They have introduced rules requiring new buildings to leave space for recycling equipment.
三、项目情境（读写综合）（共两节；满分 20 分）
第一节 项目情境（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
阅读以下城市水资源科学管护宣传材料，根据同学们的实践行动匹配对应倡议，将 A–F 选项填入对应位置，一项为多余选项。
A. Adopt efficient irrigation devices for urban greening to cut down unnecessary water loss in plant maintenance.B. Participate in water protection lectures and share knowledge about treasuring water resources with more people.C. Install water-saving valves at home to lower daily water consumption and improve resource utilization（利用）.D. Support industrial water recycling projects to reduce the waste of production water and protect urban water sources.E. Join river cleanup activities to remove rubbish and keep natural water bodies clean and safe.F. Use reclaimed water for road cleaning and public area sanitation to save precious fresh water resources. 41. Zhao Hao takes part in classes about water protection and tells his friends and relatives the importance of saving water.42. Sun Li installs small water-saving parts in her home to reduce the amount of water used every day.43. Wang Jia volunteers to clean up trash along the river and keep the natural water area clean.44. Li Ran uses treated recycled water to clean the roads in the community instead of fresh tap water.45. Zhang Peng uses modern watering equipment for community plants to avoid unnecessary water waste.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第二节 读写综合（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
阅读短文，掌握大意，并回答以下问题。
Wetlands are known as “the kidneys of the Earth” and they are closely connected with water resources. Wetlands can store large amounts of rainwater and adjust the distribution of water in nature, which effectively prevents floods and keeps water supplies stable. They also purify polluted water naturally by absorbing harmful substances and providing a living environment for thousands of animals and plants.
However, many wetlands are disappearing because of human activities. People fill wetlands to build farms and houses and discharge waste water into them, which damages the wetland ecosystem. As a result, the ability of wetlands to store and purify water becomes weaker, leading to more floods and less clean water.
Protecting wetlands is protecting water resources. Governments have set up wetland reserves to stop unreasonable development. As students, we can learn about wetland protection, refuse to destroy wetland plants, and tell others the importance of wetlands and water.
Every small action can make a difference. Wetlands and water are indispensable for human survival. We should live in harmony with nature and keep wetlands and water resources safe for the future.
46. What are wetlands regarded as
47. What functions do wetlands have in water management
48. Why are many wetlands disappearing
49. What will happen if wetland ecosystem is damaged
50. What can students do to protect wetlands and water resources
四、写作（共三节；满分 30 分）
第一节 语篇填词（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。（每空只写一词）
Water is essential for all living things and it supports the progress of human society. It plays a key role in a (51), industry and global trade, helping the world develop in a better way.
When we use up clean water, we need to let it r (52) to nature after proper treatment, so that the water cycle can keep working. As students, we should take action to protect water in p (53) places like school gardens, community pools and riverside parks.
It is our d (54) to save every drop of water, because water is widely used in different fields. Factories in different i (55) need plenty of clean water for production, and cities with a large population also depend on clean water to run well.
Throughout history, water has been pushing the development of business and global exchange. As a result, many cities near water grew rich and strong. We must make sure to use water wisely and never pollute it. Small actions can make a big difference, and we should keep doing our part to protect this valuable resource for all living things on the Earth.
第二节 语法填空（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water is one of the most valuable resources on Earth, and it supports all living things as well as the progress of human society. Every plant and animal needs water to grow and keep healthy, so we have to use every drop of water (56) (wise) in our daily life. It is really necessary for every teenager (57) (develop) good habits of saving water and protecting water resources. Our club (58) (hold) many water-protecting activities last month to teach students more about saving water. It is a good habit for us to pay attention (59) every small thing about water protection, such as turning off taps in time and reusing waste water from washing fruits or clothes. If everyone takes action to cherish and protect water, we can make our world a (60) (good) place for all living things and keep the Earth full of vitality forever.
第三节 书面表达（共 1 题，满分 20 分）
假如你是李华，学校将举办 “World Water Day” 主题活动，需你代表学生会写一篇英文倡议书，呼吁全体同学珍惜水资源、践行节水行动。请根据以下提示完成写作。
提示：
1. 水是生命之源，支撑动植物生长与城市发展。
2. 分享 3 种校园节水小妙招。
3. 号召大家共同保护水资源。
要求：
1. 词数 100 词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
2. 条理清晰，语言流畅，不出现真实个人信息。
Dear schoolmates,
World Water Day is coming, and we need to take action to protect water.
The Students’ Union
参考答案
一、语言知识及运用
第一节 语法选择
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A
1. 解析：形容词最高级 most important 前必须加定冠词 the。
2. 解析：fresh water 为不可数名词；a little 修饰不可数名词，表 “少量”；a bit 后需加 of，a few 修饰可数名词，a lot of 语义不符。
3. 解析：other + 复数名词 表示 “其他的……”；another 接单数，others 后不接名词，the other 特指两者中的另一个。
4. 解析：固定搭配 use sth. for doing sth. 意为 “用某物做某事”。
5. 解析：形容词性物主代词 our 修饰名词 cities；we 主格，ourselves 反身代词，ours 名词性物主代词均不可修饰名词。
6. 解析：定语从句先行词为前文整件事，视作单数；全文一般现在时，谓语动词用三单 harms。
7. 解析：should 应该，用于提出建议；could 能够，might 可能，need 需要，不符合语境。
8. 解析：动词不定式 to water 表目的，“收集雨水用来浇灌植物”。
9. 解析：if 引导条件状语从句，表 “如果”；while 当……时，though 虽然，because 因为。
10. 解析：固定搭配 spend time/money doing sth.；cost 主语为物，take 多用于 it 句型，pay 后常接 for。
第二节 完形填空
11. D 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B
11. 解析：节水属于科普环保类，science 科学活动；sports 运动、music 音乐、art 美术均不贴合主题。
12. 解析：活动目的是teach 教导学生合理用水；stop 阻止，keep 保持，let 让，不符合句意。
13. 解析：老师讲解关于水的客观facts（事实）；stories 故事，jokes 笑话，mistakes 错误。
14. 解析：一滴水saw（看见） 男孩浪费水；heard 听见，felt 感觉，smelt 闻。
15. 解析：形容水漫长的自然流转过程，用journey（旅程）；road/street 指实体道路，way 方式。
16. 解析：小组讨论how（如何） 在日常生活中节水，表方式。
17. 解析：制作posters（海报） 张贴宣传节水；toys 玩具，cakes 蛋糕，cards 卡片不合适。
18. 解析：全文围绕校园节水activity（活动） 展开，前后呼应。
19. 解析：Even 即使微小的举动，也能带来大改变。
20. 解析：共同save（守护 / 拯救） 地球、保护水资源；damage 破坏，build 建造，find 寻找。
二、阅读
第一节 阅读理解
21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A
21. 解析：原文第一段 ease the pressure on urban freshwater supply = relieve fresh water supply pressure。
22. 解析：原文第一段 flowing directly away from hard roads and concrete buildings。
23. 解析：原文第二段 landscape watering 对应浇灌城市绿化景观。
24. 解析：原文第三段 reduce urban waterlogging 减缓城市内涝，降低洪水风险。
25. D 26. A 27. C 28. A
25. 解析：原文首句 Stable water supply 充足且有序的供水是农作物稳产的关键。
26. 解析：第二段 cause huge resource loss 传统漫灌浪费大量水资源。
27. 解析：第三段 send water directly to plant roots 滴灌直接供水至植物根部。
28. 解析：第四段 farmland water demand keeps rising 升级灌溉方式以满足农业用水增长需求。
29. C 30. B 31. D
29. 解析：首段第一句 between water areas and land 湿地位于水陆交界处。
30. 解析：第二段 balancing regional water circulation 湿地可调节区域水循环。
31. 解析：第三段 offers enough food and safe shelters 湿地为生物提供食物与栖息地。
32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
32. 解析：第一段 cheap and endless 人们认为自来水取之不尽（inexhaustible）。
33. 解析：第二段 choose water-saving home equipment 民众开始选用节水设备。
34. 解析：第三段 environmental publicity + real life experience 环保宣传 + 现实缺水情况。
35. 解析：第四段 reduce urban water pressure 家庭节水缓解城市用水压力。
第二节 阅读填空
36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. E
36. 后文 self-operating 自动运行，对应全程自动化、无需人工。
37. 列举浇花、洗车等用途，共同点是无需饮用水标准。
38. 下文讲述暴雨储水，对应防洪的隐藏作用。
39. 承接上文防洪功能，因此成为城市防涝屏障。
40. 前文提及政府重视，对应出台建筑相关规定。
三、项目情境（读写综合）
第一节 项目情境
41. B 42. C 43. E 44. F 45. A
41. 参加节水讲座、分享知识 → 对应 B
42. 家装节水配件、减少用水 → 对应 C
43. 清理河道垃圾、保护水域 → 对应 E
44. 再生水清扫公共区域 → 对应 F
45. 绿化高效灌溉、减少浪费 → 对应 A
第二节 读写综合
46. Wetlands are regarded as “the kidneys of the Earth”.
47. They can store rainwater, adjust water distribution, prevent floods, keep water supplies stable and purify polluted water.
48. Because people fill wetlands for buildings and farms and pour waste water into wetlands.
49. It will weaken wetlands’ ability to store and purify water and cause more floods and less clean water.
50. We can learn about wetland protection, not destroy wetland plants and spread the importance of wetlands and water.
四、写作
第一节 语篇填词
51. agriculture 52. return 53. public 54. duty 55. industries
51. agriculture （农业，与 industry 工业并列）
52. return （return to nature 回归自然，固定搭配）
53. public （public places 公共场所）
54. duty （It’s our duty to do 做…… 是我们的责任）
55. industries （different industries 各行各业，用复数）
第二节 语法填空
56. wisely 57. to develop 58. held 59. to 60. better
56. 副词修饰动词 use（明智地用水）
57. 固定句型：It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
58. last month 为过去时，hold 过去式 held
59. 固定搭配：pay attention to 注意
60. 暗含对比，创造更好的地球环境
第三节 书面表达
Dear schoolmates,
World Water Day is coming, and we need to take action to protect water. Water is the source of life. It supports the growth of plants and animals and is necessary for the development of our city.
As students, we can save water in our daily school life. First, always turn off the taps tightly after use to prevent dripping. Second, when washing hands or doing experiments, don’t let the water run unnecessarily. Third, we can reuse water, such as using the water from washing fruits to water the plants in our school garden.
Let’s work together from now on. Every small action counts. By protecting water resources, we are protecting our future and keeping the Earth vibrant.
The Students’ Union
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