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(共24张PPT)
UNIT 1　FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
(单元主题语境：人与社会——节日与庆典)
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
动词-ing形式作定语和表语
一、动词-ing形式作定语
[感知]
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station.
就在这时，冈特指向了汽车站的候车厅。
2．In the following years，she worked even harder.
在接下来的几年中，她工作更努力了。
3．Keep quiet.There's a sleeping child.＝Keep quiet.There's a child who is sleeping.
保持安静，有个孩子在睡觉。
4．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Thankfully, there was a long queue still waiting to board the bus(＝that/which was still waiting to board the bus)．
幸运的是，还有许多人在排队等待上车。
[探究]
句 动词-ing形式的功能意义
1 表示名词的属性或____
2、3、4 表示所修饰的名词的____或状态
用途
动作
[归纳]
1．动词-ing形式表示名词的属性、作用或用途，作“供……用”讲，相当于“介词for＋动词-ing”短语，常置于被修饰的名词前。
2．动词-ing形式表示所修饰的名词的动作或状态，相当于定语从句。当动词-ing形式单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果作定语的动词-ing形式是一个短语，则放在该名词后。
[即练]
单句填空
1．Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a ________(move) belt.
2．(2023·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a _______(write) contest.
3．His mother touched his face with her ________(shake) hands，with tears in her eyes.
moving
writing
shaking
4．All the students said they had never experienced such an _________
(interest) class before.
5．He said he became just as nervous as those _______ (play) instruments on stage.
interesting
playing
二、动词-ing形式作表语
[感知]
1．My favourite sport is swimming.(＝ Swimming is my favourite sport.)
我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
2．(2024·浙江1月卷)One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building.(＝Finding her way in the huge school building was one of the major headaches for her.)
在庞大的校舍中找路，成了她最头疼的问题之一。
3．“But，” she added, “the results were ‘a little disappointing’．”
“但是，”她补充说，“结果‘有点令人失望’。”
4．The film we saw last night was very moving.
我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。
[探究]
句 动词-ing形式的功能意义
1、2 与___语内容一致
3、4 说明主语的_____或特征
主
性质
[归纳]
1．动词-ing形式表示抽象的一般性的行为时，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。
2．动词-ing形式表示主语的某种性质或特征时，通常可以看作形容词。常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing、amusing、confusing、disappointing、boring、encouraging、inspiring、moving、tiring、interesting、surprising等。
3．动词-ing形式作表语与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别：动词-ing形式表示一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。
①在主系表结构中，系动词除be外还有appear、sound、look、become、come、get、go、grow、keep、remain、seem等。
②动词-ing形式作表语时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；而进行时中的动词-ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作。两者不可混淆。
The present situation is encouraging.(表语)
目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。
The present situation is encouraging us to stride forward in production.(谓语动词的组成部分)
目前的形势鼓舞着我们在生产上大步前进。
[即练]
单句填空
1．The shark is an animal that is ___________(frighten)．
2．Taking pictures of polar bears is ________(amaze) but also dangerous.
3．His job is _______(paint) walls.
4．It'll be _______(tire) to walk or dance for a long time in those shoes.
frightening
amazing
painting
tiring
三、过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语和表语
(一)过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语
[感知]
1．The question discussed was very important.
讨论过的那个问题很重要。
2．The house standing at the corner of the street was built after the earthquake.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是在地震后建的。
[探究]
句 定语形式 意义
1 _________ 表示被动、完成
2 动词-ing形式 表示_____、进行
过去分词
主动
(二)充当形容词的过去分词与动词-ing形式作表语
[感知]
1．They became so worried that they stayed awake all night.
他们变得如此担心，以至于一整晚都没有睡觉。
2．The situation became so worrying that something should be done at once.
形势变得如此令人担忧，应该立刻采取措施。
[探究]
句 用法
1 过去分词作表语，表示状态，常用___作主语
2 动词-ing形式作表语，表示特征，常用___作主语
人
物
[归纳]
形式 意义
过去分词 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”
现在分词 表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”
[即练]
单句填空
1．We were all __________by the __________news that our basketball team won the game.(encourage)
2．An important step for _________countries towards __________ones is to wipe out poverty.(develop)
3．The story was so _______that he was _______to tears.(move)
4．He was ________(excite) at the good news.
encouraged
encouraging
developing
developed
moving
moved
excited
5．Landing on the moon's far side is extremely __________ (challenge)．
6．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a __________(question) look.
challenging
questioning
用所给词的适当形式补全下面的短文
The Bernina Express follows a route 1._________ (run) from eastern Switzerland to northern Italy.People 2._________ (travel) aboard the Bernina Express have the chance to see incredible views.It is 3._______ (amaze) that the landscape 4._______ (line) the route is beautiful and dramatic，with snowy mountains and green valleys.There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers 5._______ (want) to get back to nature：the train window becomes the TV screen，and the natural world is the show.
running
travelling
amazing
lining
wanting

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