资源简介

(共22张PPT)
UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
(单元主题语境：人与自我——道德与美德)
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
一、知识脉络
二、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
[感知]
1．I hear someone talking in the next room.
我听到有人在隔壁谈话。
2．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.
当看到公共汽车前的队伍越来越短，我感到一股无力感涌了上来。
3．We kept the fire burning all night long.
我们让火烧了整整一夜。
4．I won't have you running about in the room.
我不会让你在房间里跑来跑去的。
5．With the examination drawing near，many of us feel nervous recently.
随着考试的临近，最近我们很多人都感到紧张。
[探究]
句 功能意义
1、2 动词是_____动词；宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的
_____关系
3、4 动词是_____动词；宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的
_____关系
5 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示动作_________
感官
主谓
使役
主谓
正在进行
[归纳]
1．动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。它主要用在以下两类动词(短语)后作宾语补足语。
(1)感官动词(短语)：watch、observe、notice、see、hear、listen to、look at、smell、feel、taste等。
(2)使役动词：get、have、make、keep、leave等。
2．动词-ing形式在with复合结构中充当宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。
动词-ing形式(短语)与省略to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语的区别：
①动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，属于现场即时描述；
②省略to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，表示动作的全过程，属于一种回忆性描述。
I saw Linda whispering to Danny.
我看见琳达正在和丹尼交头接耳。(表示动作正在进行)
I saw Linda whisper to Danny.
我看见了琳达和丹尼交头接耳。(表示动作的全过程)
[即练]
单句填空
1．And when he saw the mists _______(rise) from the river and the soft clouds ____________(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
2．Walking towards the front door we noticed a gentleman ________(stand) at one side.
3．Don't leave the water _________(run) while you're brushing your teeth.
rising
surrounding
standing
running
4．She heard the wind _________(whistle) through the trees and the howl of a distant wolf.
5．In the crowded caf?， I heard a friendly voice _______(say), “You can share my table.”
whistling
saying
三、动词-ing形式作状语
[感知]
1．While reading the book(＝While he was reading the book)，he nodded from time to time.
他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
2．When walking down the street(＝When I was walking down the street)，I came across Tom.
沿着街漫步时，我遇到了汤姆。
3．Respecting his father(＝Because he respected his father)，he didn't want to argue with him.
因为他尊重父亲，所以他不想和父亲争论。
4．Not having made full preparations(＝Because we haven't made full preparations)，we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
5．His father died，leaving him a lot of money.
他的父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。
6．Mother drew the curtain for me，blocking out the light.
妈妈为我拉上窗帘，把光线挡在外面。
7．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot.
热气腾腾的小笼包端上来了。
8．He stood by the door，not daring to say a word.
他站在门口，不敢说一句话。
9．Being busy and exhausted(＝Although he was busy and exhausted), he gave us a lot of help.
虽然他又忙又累，但他还是给了我们很多帮助。
10．Being more careful(＝If you are more careful)，you can make fewer mistakes.
再细心点，你就会少犯错误。
[探究]
句 功能意义
1、2 动词-ing形式作____状语，相当于一个____________，有时可由连词______、______等引出
3、4 动词-ing形式作_____状语，相当于一个____________，其否定式：“not＋动词-ing形式”或“not having＋动词-ed形式”
5、6 动词-ing形式作_____状语，表示意料中的结果
时间
时间状语从句
while
when
原因
原因状语从句
结果
句 功能意义
7、8 动词-ing形式作____状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个相对次要的动作
9 动词-ing形式作_____状语
10 动词-ing形式作_____状语
伴随
让步
条件
[归纳]
1．动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
2．动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语一致。
3．动词-ing形式的否定形式在动词-ing前加not。
4．当动词-ing形式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，为强调动作顺序，应该使用完成式。
1．独立主格结构
动词-ing形式有自己的逻辑主语，这时其逻辑主语相对于句子的主语来说是独立的，因此又叫独立主格结构，其构成形式是“名词/代词＋动词-ing形式”。
Jane being ill，her mother had to look after her at home.
简生病了，她的母亲不得不在家照顾她。
The meeting being over，we went to play football.
会议一结束，我们就去踢足球了。
2．动词-ing形式作评注性状语
有些作状语的动词-ing形式在句中因为没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评注性状语。常见的有：generally speaking一般来说；strictly speaking严格来说；considering .../taking ...into consideration考虑到……；supposing假设，如果；providing如果；assuming假设；judging from/by根据……来判断。
Generally speaking，all living things are sure to die without food.
一般来说，没有食物，所有的生物都会死亡。
[即练]
单句填空
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) _________(feel) motivated, I started running regularly, but then two things happened.
2．People use plastic in their daily life，______ (leave) large amounts of waste.
3．_______ (see) the scenery from the top of the mountain, I was fascinated by the autumn colours.
Feeling
leaving
Seeing
4．People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, ________(look) through old magazines.
5．Nervously ________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
looking
facing
请根据下面的中文提示写一篇小短文
1．有一天在回家的路上，我们看到一根大树枝横卧在马路上。(动词-ing形式作宾语补足语)
2．考虑到它会带来麻烦，我们决定把它移走。(动词-ing形式作原因状语)
3．在一些过路人的帮助下， 我们成功地把它移到路边。(with复合结构)
4．看到我们的所作所为，许多人热烈鼓掌。(动词-ing形式作原因状语)
[参考范文]
One day, on our way home，we saw a big branch lying on the road.Considering it might cause some trouble，we decided to move it away.With some passers-by helping us，we succeeded in moving it to the side of the road.Seeing what we had done，many people applauded warmly.

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