资源简介

(共82张PPT)
UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
(单元主题语境：人与自我——道德与美德)
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．_______ adj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意
2．_______ n．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3．________ adj.珍稀的；宝贵的
4．_____ n．专业服务费；报酬
5．___________ n．奖学金
6．______ vt.聘任；雇用；租用n.租借；租用
7．_________ n．同事；同僚
8．_______ n．十年；十年期
moral
virtue
precious
fee
scholarship
hire
colleague
decade
9．__________ adv.在别处；去别处
10．________ n．员工；全体职员
11．_________ n．节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款
12．___________ n．学前班；幼儿园
13．________ n．道德原则；法则；原则
14．________ adj.被动的；顺从的
15．__________ n．保险；保险业
elsewhere
staff
saving
kindergarten
principle
passive
insurance
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→illustration n．图表；插图；图解；图示
2．marry v．结婚；娶；嫁→_________ n．结婚；婚姻→married adj.已婚的
3．major adj.主要的；重要的vi.主修→__________ n．大部分；大多数→minority n．少数民族；少数派；少数人
4．________ vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；投诉
illustrate
marriage
majority
complain
5．________ vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→response n．反应；回答；回复
6．__________ n．医师；(尤指)内科医生→physicist n．物理学家→physical adj.身体的；物理学的→physics n．物理学
7．_______ vt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n．拒绝接受；否决
8．________ vt.任命；委派→appointment n．任命；约定
9．_______ n．诊所；门诊部→clinical adj.临床的；临床诊断的
respond
physician
reject
appoint
clinic
10．______ vt.选举；推选→election n．选举；推选；当选→elector n．有选举权的人；选民
11．______ vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于→tendency n．趋势；倾向
12．________ vt.发表(作品)；出版→publisher n．出版人(或机构)
13．______ vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出→retirement n．退休→retired adj.退休的
14．______ vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
elect
tend
publish
retire
scare
15．_______ adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→sharpen v．使变得锋利；(使)尖锐；(使)加重
16．energy n．精力；力量；能源→_________ adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
17．_______ vt.接替；取代；更换→replacement n．替换；更换；替代品
sharp
energetic
replace
动词加后缀-ment构成名词，后缀-ment表示“……的行为(或结果)”。例如：
appoint→appointment　treat→treatment
judge→judgement　punish→punishment
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．帮助某人渡过难关____________________
2．易于做某事；往往会发生某事_____________
3．陷入困境；遇到麻烦_____________
4．be affected by____________
5．instead of_______________
6．graduate from______________
7．in need of______
carry sb.through sth.
tend to do sth.
get in trouble
被……影响
代替；而不是
从……毕业
需要
8．care for____________
9．be responsible for____________
10．treat ...as ..._________________
11．of one's own________________
12．not ...any more__________
照看；喜欢
对……负责
把……看作……
属于某人自己的
不再……
Ⅳ.重点句式
1．句型：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
教材原句：To a person nothing is more precious than their life ...
翻译：_____________________________________________________
2．句型：would rather＋动词原形
教材原句：She responded，“I'd rather stay single to study all my life！”
翻译：___________________________________________
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了……
她回答道：“为了学习，我宁愿一辈子单身！”
3．句型：the＋序数词＋n.＋to do
教材原句：She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
翻译：
她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科有史以来聘任的第一位
女住院医师。
熟读精思 研读文本精华
Ⅰ.文本理解
主旨大意
The text mainly talks about ____________________________________
___________________．
Lin Qiaozhi's life and her contribution to
medicine and society
文章架构
Name Lin Qiaozhi
Nationality China
Occupation Doctor
Events ·At age 5，her mother died，which affected her deeply.
·At age 18，she chose to work and study.
·In 1929，she 1.___________ from Peking Union Medical College and became a resident 2._________ in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
·After a few years，she was sent to study in 3.________ ．
graduated
physician
Europe
Events ·In 1939，she studied in the US.She 4._________ the offer from her American 5._________ and returned to China.
·In 1941，she was 6.___________ director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
·A few months later，she opened a private 7._______ ．
·In 1954，she was 8.________ to the first National People's Congress.
·In 1983，she died.
rejected
colleagues
appointed
clinic
elected
细节探究
1．What made Lin Qiaozhi's brother angry with her？ (　　)
A．Her mother's death.
B．Her high tuition fees.
C．Her decision to be single.
D．Her marriage like most girls.
2．Why did Lin Qiaozhi open a private clinic？ (　　)
A．To help people in need.
B．To do further research.
C．To make more money.
D．To stay with her family.
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph？ (　　)
A．Dr Lin married very late.
B．Dr Lin adopted many babies.
C．Dr Lin died while working.
D．Dr Lin founded a kindergarten.
4．Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin？ (　　)
A．Warm-hearted and devoted.
B．Positive and confident.
C．Careful and thankful.
D．Negative but kind.
答案：1.B　2.A　3.C　4.A
课文语法填空
At age 5，Lin Qiaozhi lost her mother，1.______ death affected her deeply.At age 18，she decided to work and study despite the 2._________ (complain) from her brother.Later，she went on to study medicine as she had wished. After graduating from Peking Union Medical College with the Wenhai Scholarship，the 3._________ (high) prize given to 4.____________
(graduate)，she 5.__________ (hire) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital and later was named 6.___ chief resident physician.Several years later，she was sent to study in Europe and then the US where she was invited to stay by her colleagues but she 7.________ (reject) their offer.
whose
complaints
highest
graduates
was hired
a
rejected
In 1941，Lin Qiaozhi became the first Chinese woman ever 8.________
________ (appoint) director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.In 1954，she was elected to the first National People's Congress.However，despite all these important positions，she was more interested in tending patients，9.___________ (publish) medical research on care for women and children，and training the next generation of doctors.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married，she was known 10.____ the “mother of ten thousand babies”，having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.
to be
appointed
publishing
as
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义/一词多义
写出黑体词在语境中的含义
1．scholarship
He is not just a teacher；he is a man of profound scholarship，respected by all his colleagues._____________
学问；学识
2. sharp
①I felt a sharp pain in my stomach._______________
②Using sharp scissors，make a small cut in the material._______
3. moral
①You should follow the traditional moral standards._______
②Today I want to talk about public morals.____________
③The moral is that crime doesn't pay._____
剧烈的；猛烈的
锋利的
道德的
品行；道德
寓意
Ⅲ.教材续写积累
1．人物描写之背景描写——学习经历
①In 1929，Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship，the highest prize given to graduates.
②After working for a few years，she was sent to study in Europe and then，in 1939，in the US.
[仿写]完成句子
①去年，他从清华大学毕业后就去了海南。
Last year，he went to Hainan ____________________Tsinghua University.
②为了出国深造，他努力学习英语。
______________________________，he worked hard to learn English.
after graduating from
In order to further study abroad
2.人物描写之职业描写——工作情况
①She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
②Within six months，she was named a chief resident physician，a position that usually took four years to achieve.
③The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
④In 1954，she was elected to the first National People's Congress and，over the next several decades，she held many important positions.
[仿写]完成句子
①她成为第一位执行这些任务的女性消防队员。
She became __________________________________________．
②他在政府部门担任要职。
He ________________________ in the government department.
the first female firefighter to carry out these tasks
holds an important position
互动探究 精研核心知识
1 carry sb.through sth.帮助某人渡过难关
These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman，and what carried her through a life of hard choices.
林巧稚医生的这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么帮助她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
[要点突破]
carry through (常指艰难地)做，完成
carry sb.back to sth.使某人回想起某事
carry off赢得，获得(奖项、奖杯等)；成功应对
carry on继续做；坚持干
carry out实施；执行；履行
[写作佳句]
It was the love of medicine that carried her through that difficult period.
正是对医学的热爱帮助她度过那段困难时期。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Last year, the 16-year-old took part in an essay contest and carried ____a prize.
②You'll wear yourself out if you carry ____working so hard.
③Once we all agreed on the surprise party，we began to carry ____the plan.
④It's a difficult job but she's the person to carry it __________．
⑤大海的气息使她想起了她的童年。
The smell of the sea _____________________________．
off
on
out
through
carried her back to her childhood
2 majority n．大部分；大多数
At age 18，instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls，she chose to work and study.
十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这条传统道路，而是选择了工作和学习。
[要点突破]
①the majority of大多数……
a majority of大多数……
in the majority占大多数
②major vi.主修adj.主要的n.主修课程
major in主修
[写作佳句]
The majority of the students hold the view that it's convenient to go to school by bike.
大多数学生认为骑自行车上学很方便。
①the majority 单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式均可。
②“a majority of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
③“the majority of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
④“the majority of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
⑤“the majority of＋集合名词”作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式(视为整体)或复数形式(考虑个体)。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①He believes that his supporters are ___ the majority.
②The majority of the land ________________(destroy) so far.
③When it comes to education, the ________(major) of people believe that it is a lifetime study.
④He was later admitted to a key university, where he majored ____sociology. ⑤我尊重大多数人的观点。
I ________________________________．
in
has been destroyed
majority
in
respect the opinion of the majority
3 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚
“Why should girls learn so much？Finding a good husband should be their final goal！”her brother complained，thinking of the high tuition fees.
“女孩子为什么要读那么多书？找一个好丈夫才是她们的最终目标！”她的哥哥一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。
[要点突破]
①complain (to sb.) about/of sth.就某事(向某人)诉苦/抱怨
②complaint n．抱怨；投诉
make a complaint about ...对……提出投诉
[写作佳句]
I am writing to make a complaint about/complain about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant.
我写信是要对你们餐馆饭菜和服务质量的低劣提出投诉。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①He came to realize that instead of ____________(complain) about the raw materials, he should pay more attention to improving his skills.
②The daughter complained ____her father about her life and how things were so hard for her.
③He even faced ____________(complain) from his family while away to protect the wetlands.
④她经常抱怨有太多工作要做。
She often ________________________________________．
complaining
to
complaints
complains about/of having too much work to do
4 respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
She responded，“I'd rather stay single to study all my life！”
她回答道：“为了学习，我宁愿一辈子单身！”
[要点突破]
①respond to ...回应……；对……做出反应
respond that ...回答说……
②response n．反应；回答；回复
in response to ...作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语)
make a response to ...对……做出答复/反应(强调动作)
[写作佳句]
The majority of the students responded actively to the proposal made by the teacher.
大部分学生积极响应了老师的提议。
He put forward the suggestion on the question at the meet last night.Some people quickly responded to the suggestion while the majority of them present at the meet made no response to it.So they decided to have another meet in response to the question.
他在昨晚的会议上提出了对这个问题的建议。一些人很快对这个建议做出了回应，但出席会议的大多数人却没有。所以他们决定再开一次会来应对这个问题。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①You can rely on him to respond ____a challenge.
②____ response to the audience's great demand，the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
③He made no _________(respond) to my suggestion，which made me very disappointed.
④当被问及公司的未来时，经理回答说他保持乐观。
The manager ___________________________________when asked about the company's future.
to
In
response
responded that he remained optimistic
5 reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用
Dr Lin，however，rejected the offer.
然而，林医生谢绝了邀请。
[要点突破]
①reject sth.拒绝接受某事
②rejection n．拒绝接受；否决
[写作佳句]
Though I've been rejected by all the universities I applied to，I will never give up.
虽然我申请的所有大学都没有录取我，但我不会放弃。
John has been dreaming of working in that company.He insists on applying for a job in the company though he has been rejected many times.Once he said that their rejection made him more eager to want a job in it.
约翰一直梦想在那家公司工作。尽管他已被拒绝了很多次，他还是坚持在这家公司申请一份工作。有一次他说，他们的拒绝让他更渴望在那里找到一份工作。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①The new manager's proposal met with firm ___________(reject)．
②He was disappointed to learn that his application ______________ (reject) without an interview.
③露西一收到我的信就给我回信了，她拒绝了我的邀请。
The moment she received my letter，Lucy wrote back to me，__________
_________．
rejection
had been rejected
rejecting my
invitation
6 appoint vt.任命；委派
In 1941，Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital，but just a few months later，the department was closed because of the war.
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院第一位中国籍女性妇产科主任，但是几个月之后，妇产科因为战争而关闭。
[要点突破]
①appoint sb.(as) ... 任命某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事
appoint some time for sth.为某事确定/约定时间
②appointment n．任命；约会；约定
make an appointment with sb.与某人约会/约见
keep/break an appointment守约/爽约
[写作佳句]
I have to apologise to you for not being able to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed time.
我不得不向你道歉，因为我不能在约定时间陪你去书店了。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①He ______________(appoint) general manager due to his rich experience.
②Our school appointed a new student _______(be) responsible for the student union.
③If you want to see the doctor，you'd better make an ___________(appoint) with him in advance.
④被任命为该校校长后，他努力提高学校教学质量。
After _______________________________________，he spared no effort to improve the teaching quality.
was appointed
to be
appointment
being appointed (as) headmaster of the school
7 tend vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于
She was more interested in tending patients，publishing medical research on care for women and children，and training the next generation of doctors.
她更感兴趣的是照顾病人、发表关于妇幼护理的医学研究成果和培养下一代的医生。
[要点突破]
①tend (to) sb./sth.照看某人/某物
tend to do sth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事
tend to/towards倾向于；有……的趋势
②tendency n．倾向；趋势
the tendency of ... ……的趋势
a tendency to do sth.做某事的倾向
[写作佳句]
(2024·全国甲卷)However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.
然而，当猫咪寻求关爱时，它们往往会发出绵长而柔和的喵喵声。
Now there is a tendency for more and more young people to take exercise in the gym.Because there are some trainers tending to you when you are in trouble there.You'd better not go there around 6：00 p.m.，since it tends to get very crowded then.
现在，越来越多的年轻人倾向于在健身房锻炼。因为当你在那里遇到麻烦，有教练会照顾你。你最好不要在下午6点左右去，因为那时健身房往往会很拥挤。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Last October，while _________(tend) her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small carrots and was about to throw them away.
②The prices of vegetables are reported to have a _______ (tend) to increase in some cities.
③我们观看了视频场景，勇敢的医生和护士照顾病人，与病毒作斗争。
We watched the video scenes，where brave doctors and nurses __________
_______and fought against the virus.
tending
tendency
tended (to)
patients
8 scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.
她在面试中如此害怕，以至于完全忘记了应该如何回答这些问题。
[要点突破]
①be scared stiff吓呆了
be scared to death吓得要死
be scared of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事
be scared to do sth.不敢做某事
②scare vt.惊吓；使害怕
scare ...away/off把……吓跑
scare sb.into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事
③scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
a scary movie一部恐怖电影
[写作佳句]
I told myself they weren't dangerous but that didn't stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment!
我告诉自己它们并不危险，但是这样做并没有一刻能抑制我那怕得要死的感觉！
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Most of us are eager for success and scared ___failure.
②I admit I was too ______ (scare) at that moment, and the girl standing beside me was giving me an awkward look.
③He was scared _____death on seeing the terrifying scene.
④That _______(scare) movie was so terrifying that Mark felt frightened at the thought of it.
⑤他们设法把熊吓跑了。
They managed to _____________________．
of
scared
to
scary
scare the bear away/off
9 energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
One of the advantages of hiring energetic and positive young people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are eager to learn.
聘用精力充沛、积极向上的年轻人的好处之一是他们往往表现出对工作的兴趣并且渴望学习。
[要点突破]
①energetically adv.精力旺盛地；积极地
②energy n．精力；力量；能源
apply/devote one's energy to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
[写作佳句]
(2024·北京卷)At 1：10 p．m., there was a line outside the drama room. Everyone looked energetic.
下午1点10分，戏剧室外面排起了队。每个人看起来都精力充沛。
force/power/strength/energy
词语 用法
force 主要指自然界的力量、军事力量、武力，以及法律、道德的力量
power 主要指“能力；权力；电力；影响力”
strength 搭配人时指“体力，力气”；搭配物时指“强度”；也可指“强项，长处”
energy 主要指人的“活力，精力”，也指“能源”
energetic
strength
force
power
energy
10 replace vt.接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处
The student union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary.
学生会将在一月份举行一个特别的会议来选举一个人接替这个秘书。
[要点突破]
①replace sth.代替/取代某物
replace sb.as ...取代某人成为……
replace sb./sth.with ...用……替换某人/某物，以……接替某人/某物
②in sb.'s/sth.'s place＝in place of sb./sth.代替某人/某物
take the place of＝replace代替；替换
in place在正确的位置；准备妥当
out of place不在正确的位置；不适当
take place发生
[写作佳句]
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
纸质文本在教育中不能完全被取代。
[学以致用]
单句填空/一句多译
①As far as I'm concerned，it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them _____ snacks.
②It is generally believed that teachers will never ____________(replace) by computers in class.
③The librarian _________(replace)the books correctly on the shelves and then left.
with
be replaced
replaced
④找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。
→It would be hard to find a man __________________________．
→It would be hard to find a man __________________________________．
to replace the present manager
to take the place of the present manager
1“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
To a person nothing is more precious than their life ...
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了……
[情境探究]
①Nothing is more comforting than a mother's hug.
没有什么比母亲的拥抱更令人感到安慰的了。
②When talking with the elderly，you can't be too polite.
＝When you talk with the elderly，you can't be polite enough.
和老人说话时，你再礼貌也不为过。
③Tom is taller than any other student in our class.
汤姆是我们班最高的学生。
[要点突破]
表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构：
①“否定词＋比较级”表示“没有什么比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。
②can/could＋never/not＋...＋形容词/副词＋enough＝can/could＋never/not＋...too＋形容词/副词
③形容词/副词比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
[学以致用]
单句填空/一句多译
①Mr.Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a ______(good) boss.
②It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was _________(happy) than I was.
③我认为，在我们的日常生活中健康最重要。
→In my view，____________________________ in our daily life.(最高级)
→From my point of view，nothing is _______________________in our daily life.(否定词＋比较级)
better
happier
health is the most important thing
more important than health
2 would rather＋动词原形
She responded，“I'd rather stay single to study all my life！”
她回答道：“为了学习，我宁愿一辈子单身！”
[情境探究]
①To live a low-carbon life，some people would rather ride a bike than drive a car to work.
为了过低碳生活，有些人宁愿骑车也不愿意开车去上班。
②He would much rather spend time on his hobbies.
他更愿意把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
③Nowadays more and more people would rather not live in big cities.
现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里。
[要点突破]
①would rather do ...than do ...＝would do ...rather than do ...＝prefer to do ...rather than do ...宁愿做……而不愿做……
②would rather (not) do/have done ...宁愿(不)做/做过……
③would rather＋从句
(1)使用“would rather ...than ...”句型时要注意平行结构，即than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个介词短语等。
(2)would rather后跟that从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。
①“would rather that＋主语＋did sth.”表示对现在或将来的虚拟；
②“would rather that＋主语＋had done sth.”表示对过去的虚拟。
[学以致用]
单句填空/一句多译
①She would rather you ______(come) tomorrow than today.
②I would rather you ____________(finish) your homework yesterday.
came
had finished
③简是一个文静的女孩，她宁愿待在图书馆也不愿去看电影。
→Jane is a quiet girl，who _______________________________go to see a movie.
→Jane is a quiet girl，who _____________________________go to see a movie.
→Jane is a quiet girl，who _________________________________go to see a movie.
would rather stay in the library than
would stay in the library rather than
prefers to stay in the library rather than
单句填空/完成句子
①(2025·北京卷)Instead of simply _________ (complain)，he decided to do something about it.
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend _______(be) healthier, better adjusted and better at dealing with stress.
③(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)He had the old carpets __________(replace)．
complaining
to be
replaced
④(2024·浙江1月卷)A similar process is at work in our ________(respond) to information.
⑤例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护。
(2024·全国甲卷)For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals that they rely on to either ask for help, ___________any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
response
scare away

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