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(共64张PPT)
UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
(单元主题语境：人与自我——道德与美德)
Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing ＆Other Parts
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．________ n．事故；车祸；失事
2．_________ vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
3．_________ n．子夜；午夜
4．______ n．进口；进口商品vt.进口；输入；引进
5．______ n．出口；出口商品 vt.出口；输出；传播
6．_____ n．(行星的)极；地极
7．____ n．(坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
accident
whisper
midnight
import
export
pole
lap
8．_____ vt.& vi.(过去式：_____，过去分词：______)咬；叮；蜇n.咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
9．__________ n．主席；主持人；董事长
10．________ n．记忆力；回忆
11．______ n．一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
12．_____ n．咖啡馆；小餐馆
13．_____ n．眼泪；泪水
bite
bit
bitten
chairman
memory
chain
café
tear
14．_______ n．(网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
15．_________ n．收入；收益
16．_____ prep.每；每一
17．__________ adv.因此；所以
court
income
per
therefore
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．_______ vi.运转；动手术 vt.操作→operator n．操作员；话务员→_________ n．手术；企业；经营
2．______ vt.帮助；援助→assistant n．助手；助理→assistance n．帮助；援助
3．_____ n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
4．_________ adj.灵活的；可变通的→flexibly adv.灵活地；有弹性地→flexibility n．柔韧性；灵活性
5．tense adj.紧张的；拉紧的→_________ n．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
operate
operation
assist
harm
flexible
tension
动词加后缀-ance构成抽象名词，后缀-ance表示行动、状况、性质等。例如：
assist→assistance　perform→performance
appear→appearance　accept→acceptance
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．去世___________
2．作为对……的纪念_____________
3．被……绊倒________
4．流着泪；含着泪_________
5．处于绝望中__________
6．大量_________________
7．once upon a time________________
pass away
in memory of
trip over
in tears
in despair
a great deal (of)
从前，很久以前
8．crash into the stone___________
9．pick oneself up_______________
10．come along__________________
11．complain about______
12．belong to_____
撞到石头上
(跌倒后)站起来
出现；进步；跟随
抱怨
属于
Ⅳ.重点句式
1. 句型：neither ...nor ...既不……也不……
教材原句：Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.
翻译：________________________________________________________
2．句型：if省略句
教材原句：If not，we surely must find the owner，for he will certainly miss it.
翻译：____________________________________________________
无论是她，还是她的同伴，都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。
如果不是的话，我们必须找到失主，他一定十分着急。
熟读精思 研读文本精华
Ⅰ.文本理解
主旨大意
The story tells us _____________________________________________
___________________．
not to complain about the problems we meet，but to
solve them positively
文章架构
People Experience Emotion Response
milkman crashed into the stone angry went away
woman
with
water 1.___________ the stone sad limped away
2.________
tripped over
in tears
People Experience Emotion Response
other
villagers 3.__________________ the stone — nobody
4.______________ to move the stone
young
girl 5.____________ moving the stone to the side of the street　 tired，
6._______ wanted to find the 7.______ of the gold coins
complained about
succeeded in
surprised
made an attempt
owner
细节探究
1．Who moved the stone out of the way？ (　　)
A．The king.
B．The girl.
C．The milkman.
D．The woman with a water pot on her head.
2．How did the king teach an important lesson to his people？ (　　)
A．By giving them some gold coins.
B．By telling them an interesting story.
C.By testing his people's response to his idea.
D．By helping his people clean the road.
3．What does the fable try to tell us？ (　　)
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B．Where there is a will，there is a way.
C．The world rewards doers，not complainers.
D．Love me，love my dog.
答案：1.B　2.C　3.C
难句突破
1．Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had been!
分析：这是一个主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词the gold coins。
翻译：_____________________________________________________
想象一下，当她看到原先石头所在之处的金币时有多么惊讶！
2．Now the gold is yours，because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是the gold is yours；because引导原因状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the only person，其中the lesson后为省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句。
翻译：
现在金币是你的了，因为我想教给我的子民的道理，只有
你一个人学会了。
课文语法填空
Once upon a time，there was a king who wanted to educate his people not to complain and expect others 1._______ (solve) their problems.A good idea occurred to him.Early one morning，he 2.__________ (disguise) himself and went to a local village.He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone.Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched.A milkman crashed into the stone，3.________ (spill) the milk everywhere.But he picked himself 4.____ and went away angrily.After a while，a group of women came along，each 5._________ (balance) a pot of water on
to solve
disguised
spilling
up
balancing
her head.One woman tripped over the stone，but at last she just limped away in 6.______ (tear)．None of them thought about moving the stone out of the road.Finding nobody making 7.____ attempt to move it，the king was in despair.Just then，a girl came along and pushed the stone with all her might.After a great deal of effort，she 8._______ (final) succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.To her surprise，she saw the gold coins 9.______ the stone had been.The king told the girl that the gold belonged to 10.____ (she)．
tears
an
finally
where
her
Ⅱ.教材续写积累
1．动作描写——烘托人物性格
“What fool put this stone here？” he shouted.
[仿写]完成句子
“今天谁值日？”他大喊道。
“____________________？” he shouted.
Who is on duty today
2．语言描写——升华主题
...you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.
[仿写]完成句子
你是唯一真正领悟了我们祖先试图通过这个故事传递的智慧的人。
You are __________________________________________our ancestors sought to pass down through this story.
the only one who has truly grasped the wisdom
互动探究 精研核心知识
1 whisper vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
I saw her whispering something into his ear，obviously not wanting to be heard.
我看见她对他耳语了几句，很明显不想被人听见。
[要点突破]
①whisper to sb.对某人耳语
whisper about sth./sb.小声议论某事/某人
whisper sth.to sb.低声告诉某人某事
whisper sth.into one's ear对某人耳语某事
It's whispered that ...据传言说……
②in a whisper/whispers低声说；小声地说
[写作佳句]
His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.
他的老师托马斯·惠利就在他旁边，小声为他加油。
[学以致用]
单句填空/同义句改写/句式升级
①He then bent down to touch the ice, ___________(whisper) “thanks” before leaving the rink.
②He tried whispering something ______his father's ear in the hope of waking him up.
③They sat at the back of the room and talked in a low voice.
→They sat at the back of the room，_________________．(whisper)
④He is whispered to be heavily in debt.
→___________________ he is heavily in debt.(it作形式主语)
whispering
into
talking in a whisper
It is whispered that
2 assist vt.帮助；援助
…Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.
……白求恩医生尽其所能帮助中国人民。
[要点突破]
①assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事
assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
assist sb.with sth.帮助某人某事
②assistance n．帮助；援助
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come to one's assistance帮助某人
③assistant n．助手；助理
[写作佳句]
When he was worried that he couldn't sell out the popcorn，John came to his assistance.
正当他担心爆米花卖不完的时候，约翰来帮助他了。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①We will have robots and computers to assist us _____the things that are boring.
②We'll do all we can to assist you ________(finish) this task on schedule.
③I love doing housework.I always assist my parents ____doing the dishes after meals.
④在他们妈妈的帮助下，他们做出了美味的爆米花。
______________________________，they managed to make delicious popcorn.
with
to finish
in
With the assistance of their mother
3 pass away去世
Sadly，Dr Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in Shijiazhuang.
不幸的是，白求恩医生于次年11月去世，被葬在石家庄。
[要点突破]
pass sth.on to sb.将某物转交给某人
pass sth.down把……传给后人；把……往下传
pass by从……旁边走过；经过
pass out分发；晕倒
pass sb./sth.off as把某人/某事物冒充成
[写作佳句]
The old man had no children of his own，and most of his relatives had passed away.
这个老人没有自己的孩子，多数亲人也已过世。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Will you be passing ___ the supermarket on your way home
②She wants to be a gymnastic coach to pass ______what she's learned to
other kids when she grows up.
③Please pass ____the message to as many people as possible.
④在病人之家，我帮忙洗衣服和床单以及分发午餐。
At the home for the sick，I helped wash clothes and sheets and _____________．
by
down
on
pass out lunch
4 disguise vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖n.伪装；化装用具
Early one morning，the king disguised himself and went to a local village.
一天清晨，国王乔装打扮一番后，去了当地的一个村庄。
[要点突破]
①disguise oneself as ...把某人假扮成……；把某人伪装成……
disguise ...in ...用……伪装(掩饰) ……
②in disguise伪装；乔装打扮
without disguise毫不掩饰
a blessing in disguise因祸得福；祸中有福
[写作佳句]
I wish you could tell me the truth without disguise.
我希望你毫无隐瞒地告诉我真相。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Hua Mulan disguised herself ___ a man so she could fight on the battlefield.
②I didn't recognize him because he was ___ disguise.
③失去那份工作真的是因祸得福，我找到了一份更令人愉快的工作。
Losing that job was really ___________________，and I found a much more enjoyable job.
as
in
a blessing in disguise
5 tear n．眼泪；泪水
She picked herself up and limped away in tears.
她站起身，含着泪一瘸一拐地走了。
[要点突破]
①in tears流着泪；含着泪
burst into tears突然哭起来
②tear v．撕开；撕裂
tear down拆毁，拆除(建筑物、墙等)
tear up撕毁，撕碎(文件等)
tear sth.into pieces把某物撕成碎片
[写作佳句]
I suggest that you tear up the composition and start over again.
我建议你把这篇作文撕掉，再从头开始写。
Tears in her eyes，she tore the letter into pieces and threw them in the bin.
眼含着泪，她把信撕成了碎片，扔到了垃圾桶里。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Years later, we decided to tear _____our old house and build a beautiful one.
②The mother of the boy was ___ tears and told us her story.
③No matter what the reason is，you should not tear ____ the letter and throw it into the wastebasket.
④当女孩得知她的父母在地震中幸存下来时，她大哭起来。
When the girl learned that her parents survived the earthquake，she __________
______．
down
in
up
burst into
tears
6 despair n．绝望vi.绝望；感到无望
The king was in despair.“Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm？”
国王绝望了。“这个村子里就没有一个人觉得有责任让邻居免受伤害吗？”
[要点突破]
①in despair处于绝望中
be the despair of sb.令某人担心(或绝望)
②despair of sb./sth./doing sth.对某人/某物/做某事感到绝望或丧失信心
[写作佳句]
Don't despair of success.Where there's a will，there's a way.
不要丧失获得成功的信心。有志者，事竟成。
[学以致用]
单句填空
①After repeated failure, she was ___ despair but she never gave up.
②No news coming for a decade，he despaired of _______(get) in touch with them.
③The boy showing no interest in study is ___ despair of his parents.
in
getting
the
7 harm n．& vt.伤害；损害
The king was in despair.“Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm？”
国王绝望了。“这个村子里就没有一个人觉得有责任让邻居免受伤害吗？”
[要点突破]
①do/cause harm to sb./sth.＝do sb./sth.harm对某人/某物有害
There is no harm in doing sth.做某事无害。
②harmful adj.有害的
be harmful to对……有害
③harmless adj.无害的
[写作佳句]
Staring at the screen is harmful to our eyes.Worse still，we don't have many opportunities to interact with our friends.
盯着屏幕看对我们的眼睛有害。更糟糕的是，我们没有太多机会与朋友互动。
[学以致用]
单句填空/一句多译
①Shoes play an important role in our life，for they can protect our feet from _______________(harm)．
②There is no harm ___using the environmentally friendly products.
③While the sun's rays can age and do harm ____our skin, they also give us beneficial vitamind.
being harmed
in
to
④有些年轻人痴迷于电脑游戏，这对他们的健康非常有害。
→Some young people are addicted to playing computer games，_________
_________________________．(定语从句；harmful)
→Some young people are addicted to playing computer games，________
_______________________．(分词作状语；harm)
which is
very harmful to their health
causing
great harm to their health
8 a great deal (of) 大量
After a great deal of effort，she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.
经过一番努力，她终于成功地把石头挪到了路边。
[要点突破]
表示“许多；大量”的短语可分为以下几类：
[写作佳句]
Thanks to papermaking and printing，a great deal of ancient information has been kept in books.
多亏了造纸术和印刷术，大量的古代信息得以保存在书中。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①There ___(be) a great deal of difference between the two.
②_____ (be) there plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables in your diet
③他的演讲中有许多有趣的故事。
_______________________________________________in his speech.
is
Are
There are a large number of/a great many funny stories
1 neither ...nor ...既不……也不……
Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.
无论是她，还是她的同伴，都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。
[情境探究]
①Kunming is a beautiful city，where it's neither too hot nor too cold all over the year.
昆明是个美丽的城市，全年既不太热也不太冷。
②The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.
分歧如此尖锐，以至于他和我都不知道如何解决。
③The girl was unhappy，so she neither sang nor danced at the party.
这个女孩不高兴，所以她在派对上既没唱歌也没跳舞。
[要点突破]
“neither ...nor ...”意为“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。有类似用法的并列结构还有：
either ...or ...要么……要么……
not only ...but also ...不仅……而且……
not ...but ...不是……而是……
[学以致用]
单句填空/句式升级
①Not only John and Tom but also their sister，Mary，______ (take) great interest in the piano lessons now.
②However，neither the story nor the details of the experiment ____(be) entirely true.
③Peter didn't want to take the responsibility；his wife didn't either.
→_______________________ wanted to take the responsibility.
(neither ...nor ...)
takes
are
Neither Peter nor his wife
2 if省略句
If not，we surely must find the owner，for he will certainly miss it.
如果不是的话，我们必须找到失主，他一定十分着急。
[情境探究]
①If so, I will call you back at 5：00 p．m.
如果是这样的话，我会在下午5点给你回电话。
②He hoped more people could volunteer to help the people in need if possible.
如果可能的话，他希望更多的人能够自愿帮助那些需要帮助的人。
③The aim of these experiments was to find the connection, if any，between the two phenomena.
这些实验的目的是找到这两种现象之间的联系——如果有的话。
[要点突破]
其他常见的if省略句：
①if so如果是这样的话
②if any如果有的话
③if possible如果可能的话
④if necessary如果有必要的话
[学以致用]
完成句子/句式升级
①你穿过这条繁忙的街道时要小心。如果不小心的话，你可能会被汽车撞到。
Be careful when you cross this busy street.______ ，you may be hit by a car.
②如果是这样的话，那么你对于幸福的本质有一些错误的认识。
______，you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.
③If it is necessary，we will finish it ahead of time.
→____________，we will finish it ahead of time.(省略句)
If not
If so
If necessary
单句填空/完成句子
①(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with ___ great deal of freedom.
②(2025·浙江1月卷)In her study，Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male，female，and genderless versions of a digital voice __________(assist) and a self-driving car known as “Miuu”．
a
assistant
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether ________(bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
④之后，她试着看自己能否跑完第一圈。
(2024·浙江1月卷)After that, she tried to see if she could complete her ____
____．
to bite
first
lap

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