【弯道超车】Unit 8 Making a Difference 核心考点(单词+短语+句型+语法)-2026年春人教版(2024)八年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 8 Making a Difference 核心考点(单词+短语+句型+语法)-2026年春人教版(2024)八年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026年春人教版(2024)八年级英语下册核心考点精讲精练
Unit 8 Making a Difference
核心词汇
1. 课标三级词汇(必考重点)
词汇 音标 词性 释义 常见搭配/短语
visitor / v z t (r)/ n. 参观者;来访者 对应动词 visit(参观)
elderly / eld li/ adj. 年纪较大的;上了年纪的 the elderly(老人;长者)
organization / ɡ na ze n/ n. 组织;团体;机构 同义词 organisation;对应动词 organize(组织)
stadium / ste di m/ n. 体育馆;运动场 复数 stadiums
provide /pr va d/ v. 提供;给予 provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.(提供……给某人)
owner / n (r)/ n. 主人;物主 对应动词 own(拥有);形容词 own(自己的)
cage /ke d / n. 笼子 in a cage(在笼子里)
donation /d ne n/ n. 捐赠物;捐赠 对应动词 donate(捐赠)
interviewer / nt vju (r)/ n. 面试官;采访者 对应动词 interview(采访)
shelter / elt (r)/ n. 庇护所;居所 animal shelter(动物收容所)
youth /ju θ/ n. 青年;青年时期 youth group(青年团);the youth(青年们)
active / kt v/ adj. 活跃的;积极的 stay active(保持活跃);对应名词 activity(活动)
army / ɑ mi/ n. 军队 Join the army(参军)
primary / pra m ri/ adj. 小学教育的;首要的 primary school(小学)
charity / t r ti/ n. 慈善机构(或组织);慈善事业 work for a charity(为慈善机构工作)
warmly / w mli/ adv. 热情地;温暖地 对应形容词 warm(温暖的)
lady / le di/ n. 女士;淑女 ladies and gentlemen(女士们先生们)
gentleman / d entlm n/ n. 先生;君子 复数 gentlemen
bark /bɑ k/ v./n. (狗)吠叫;狗叫声 The dog barks.(狗在叫。)
adult / d lt/ n./adj. 成年人;成年的;成熟的 adult education(成人教育)
missing / m s / adj. 失踪的;丢失的 go missing(失踪)
practical / pr kt kl/ adj. 实用的;实际的 对应名词 practice(练习)
life-saving / la f se v / adj. 救命的;救生的 life-saving skills(救生技能)
teamwork / ti mw k/ n. 团队合作 the power of teamwork(团队合作的力量)
successful /s k sesfl/ adj. 成功的;有成就的 对应名词 success(成功)
value / v lju / n. 重要作用;价值 对应形容词 valuable(宝贵的)
voluntary / v l ntri/ adj. 自愿的;无偿的 对应名词 volunteer(志愿者)
ordinary / dnri/ adj. 平凡的;普通的 反义词 special(特别的)
worth /w θ/ adj. 值得;有价值 be worth doing(值得做……)
audience / di ns/ n. 听众;观众 集合名词,视为整体时谓语用单数
willing / w l / adj. 乐意的;愿意的 be willing to do sth.(乐意做某事)
elder / eld (r)/ adj. (尤指家庭中两个成员)年龄较长的 elder brother(哥哥)
donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠;赠送 donate sth. to sb.(把某物捐给某人)
pocket / p k t/ n. 口袋 pocket money(零花钱)
effort / ef t/ n. 努力;艰难的尝试 make an effort(努力)
talent / t l nt/ n. 才能;天赋;天才 对应形容词 talented(有天赋的)
madam / m d m/ n. (正式、礼貌的称呼)女士;夫人 用于称呼女性
advertisement / d v t sm nt/ n. 广告;启事 缩写 ad;对应动词 advertise(宣传)
2. 词性转换(重点)
名词 动词 形容词/其他
visitor 参观者 visit 参观 —
organization 组织 organize 组织 organized 有条理的
donation 捐赠 donate 捐赠 —
owner 主人 own 拥有 own 自己的
interviewer 采访者 interview 采访 interviewee 受访者
activity 活动 act 行动 active 活跃的
warmth 温暖 — warm 温暖的;warmly 热情地
success 成功 succeed 成功 successful 成功的
volunteer 志愿者 volunteer 自愿做 voluntary 自愿的
practice 实践 practice 练习 practical 实用的
value 价值 — valuable 宝贵的
talent 天赋 — talented 有天赋的
3. 词根词缀拓展
-er/or 表示“从事……的人”:visit→visitor,interview→interviewer,donate→donor
-tion 表示“动作/状态”:donate→donation,organize→organization
-ful 表示“充满……的”:success→successful,help→helpful
-ing 可构成合成形容词:life-saving,record-breaking
核心短语
1. 必背短语
分类 短语 释义 例句/来源
志愿服务 make a difference 有(重要)作用;产生影响 Everyone can make a difference to the world.
help out 分担工作;帮忙做 She helps out at the shelter every weekend.
sign up 报名 I signed up with Blue Sky Rescue last month.
hand out 分发 Volunteers hand out meals to the homeless.
take care of 照顾 Take care of the animals in the shelter.
clean up 清扫;清理 We cleaned up the park.
cheer up 使振奋 They cheered up the sick children.
raise money 筹款 We need to raise money for charity.
援助对象 the elderly 老人;上了年纪的人 He volunteers at a nursing home to help the elderly.
in need 处于贫困中;生活困难 We should help people in need.
animal shelter 动物收容所 She works at an animal shelter.
nursing home 敬老院 He does volunteer work at a nursing home.
homeless people 无家可归者 The charity provides food for homeless people.
时间表达 ever since 自从;自……以后 She has volunteered here ever since she was 14.
on the go 忙碌的 She's always on the go with her volunteer work.
for example 例如 There are many ways to help, for example, donating books.
most of all 最重要的是 Most of all, we should be kind to others.
其他 be familiar with 通晓;熟悉 He is familiar with the community.
be worth the effort 值得付出这些努力 Volunteer work is worth the effort.
the key to ……的关键 Teamwork is the key to success.
search for 搜寻 They searched for the missing boy.
provide aid 提供援助 The team provided aid to the disaster area.
collect donations 筹集捐赠物 We are collecting donations for people in need.
used to do 过去常常做 I used to feel lonely.
核心句型
1. 谈论志愿服务计划与经历
句型 示例
—What are your plans for... —I think I'll... —What are your plans for the summer holidays —I think I'll do some volunteer work at a nursing home with my youth group.(你暑假有什么计划?——我想我会和我的青年团一起去养老院做义工。)
—Have you ever been to... —Yes/No... —Have you been to our animal shelter before —No, I haven't. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time.(你以前去过我们的动物收容所吗?——没有。但我的一个朋友在这里做了很长时间的志愿者。)
—Has she ever done... —Yes, she has. She has been... —Has she ever done volunteer work —Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.(她做过志愿者工作吗?——是的,她做过。从去年八月开始,她就在一家养老院做志愿者。)
2. 现在完成时核心句型
结构 示例
主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + since + 时间点/从句 I have helped out at over ten different sports events since I started.(自从我开始以来,我已经在十多次不同的体育活动中提供过帮助。)
主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + for + 时间段 She has volunteered at the nursing home for two years.(她已在该养老院志愿服务两年。)
主语 + have/has + been + 名词/形容词 + since + 时间点 She has been a volunteer since last August.(她从去年八月起就一直是志愿者。)
3. 课文经典句型(蓝天救援队)
句型 示例
描述组织目标 We've been to schools and other communities to teach children and adults how to stay safe and prepare for the worst.(我们去过学校和其他社区,教孩子们和成年人如何保持安全并为最坏的情况做准备。)
描述收获与意义 It has also helped me understand the power of teamwork because it's the key to successful rescues.(这也让我明白了团队合作的力量,因为这是成功救援的关键。)
描述组织宗旨 But our goal has always been to save as many people as we can.(但我们的目标始终是尽可能救更多的人。)
描述付出的价值 Harry realized that his work was worth the effort when he saw the smiles on the faces of the people he helped.(当哈利看到他帮助过的人脸上洋溢着笑容时,他意识到自己的付出是值得的。)
4. 表达感受与评价
句型 示例
It was a meaningful experience. Volunteering at the animal shelter was a meaningful experience.(在动物收容所做志愿者是一次有意义的经历。)
I feel proud/happy when... I feel proud when I see the smiles on people's faces.(当我看到人们脸上的笑容时,我感到自豪。)
I realize that... I realized that small actions can make a big difference.(我意识到小小的行动也能带来巨大的改变。)
be worth the effort All the volunteer work is worth the effort.(所有的志愿工作都值得付出这些努力。)
5. 提出建议与鼓励行动
句型 示例
Everyone can make a difference. Remember, everyone can make a difference, no matter how small their action is.(记住,每个人都能产生影响,无论他们的行动多么微小。)
Join us and help... Join us and help make the world a better place.(加入我们,帮助世界变得更美好。)
Why don't we... Why don't we organize a clean-up activity this weekend (我们这周末为什么不组织一次清洁活动呢?)
It would be a good idea to... It would be a good idea to start a recycling program at school.(在学校启动一个回收项目会是个好主意。)
语法聚焦
1. 现在完成时的基本结构
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 She has volunteered at the nursing home for two years.
否定句 主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 They haven't helped out since last month.
一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词? Has she donated her money
肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + have/has. Yes, she has.
否定回答 No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. No, she hasn't.
2. 现在完成时的标志词(本单元重点)
标志词 含义 用法 例句
for 持续了……(时间段) 后接时间段 She has worked here for five years.
since 自从……(时间点) 后接具体时间或从句 *She has worked here since 2020 / since she was 14.*
already 已经 肯定句,常放句中 I have already finished.
yet 还(未) 否定/疑问句,句末 I haven't finished yet.
ever 曾经 疑问句 Have you ever volunteered
never 从未 否定句(本身表否定) I have never done that.
just 刚刚 肯定句 She has just left.
3. for 与 since 的区别(重点难点)
对比维度 for since
后接 时间段(一段时间) 时间点(具体时刻)或从句
含义 “持续了多长时间” “自从……以来”
例句 She has volunteered for five years.(她已志愿服务了5年。) *She has volunteered since 2020 / since she left school.*(她从2020年起/从离开学校起就在志愿服务了。)
判断技巧:
若数字后接时间单位(years, months, days, hours)→ 用 for
若后接具体年份/日期/年龄/过去时从句 → 用 since
4. 延续性动词与非延续性动词(易错点)
常见非延续性动词及其转换:
非延续性动词(瞬间) 延续性动词/短语(可持续)
join 加入 be a member of / be in 是……的成员
buy 买 have 拥有
borrow 借入 keep 保留
start/begin 开始 be on 在进行中
leave 离开 be away (from) 离开
die 死亡 be dead 死了
get married 结婚 be married 已婚
arrive/reach 到达 be in/at 在……
对比例句:
He has been a volunteer for two years.(他是志愿者已有2年。)
He has joined the team for two years.(join 不能与时间段连用)
5. 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时(高频考点)
对比维度 现在完成时 一般过去时
核心含义 强调过去动作与现在的联系(结果/影响/持续) 仅说明动作发生在过去,与现在无关
时间焦点 过去 → 现在 仅在过去
典型标志词 for, since, already, yet, ever, never, just, recently yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 2020, just now
例句 I have volunteered at the stadium many times.(强调经验/对现在的影响) I volunteered at the stadium last Sunday.(仅陈述过去事实)
6. 现在完成时常见易错点总结
错误类型 错误示例 正确示例
for/since 混淆 I have learned English since 5 years. I have learned English for 5 years.
非延续动词 + for He has joined the army for a year. He has been in the army for a year.
已有过去时间状语 I have seen her yesterday. I saw her yesterday.
误用 ever 于肯定句 I have ever been to Beijing. I have never been to Beijing. / I have been to Beijing.
has/have 主谓一致 She have volunteered for a year. She has volunteered for a year.
重点词汇辨析
1. provide / offer / give
词汇 用法 例句
provide provide sth. for sb. 或 provide sb. with sth. The shelter provides food for homeless animals.
offer offer sth. to sb. 或 offer to do sth. He offered his help to us. / She offered to help.
give give sb. sth. 或 give sth. to sb. Please give me some advice.
2. make a difference / make a different
短语 含义 例句
make a difference 有(重要)作用;产生影响 Small actions can make a difference to the world.
make no difference 没有影响 It makes no difference when you start.
make a different 错误搭配 正确形式为 make a difference
3. worth / worthy / worthwhile
词汇 用法 例句
worth be worth doing(主动表被动),后不可接of The book is worth reading.
worthy be worthy of + n./being done The cause is worthy of support.
worthwhile It is worthwhile to do/doing It is worthwhile to volunteer.
4. donate / contribute
词汇 用法 例句
donate 捐赠(金钱、物品等) He donated all his pocket money to charity.
contribute 贡献(时间、精力、想法等) She contributed a lot of time to the project.
5. volunteer / voluntary
词汇 用法 例句
volunteer n. 志愿者;v. 自愿做 She works as a volunteer. / She volunteers at the shelter.
voluntary adj. 自愿的;无偿的 It is voluntary work, which means no pay.
1.We should pay ________ attention to the safety of students during outdoor activities.
A.primary B.hardly C.lonely D.friendly
2.Robert offers to volunteer ________ a week.
A.once B.twice C.three times
3.To achieve ________, you need to have a clear goal.
A.success B.successful C.succeed
4.Will you join us _________ a volunteer
A.with B.for C.as
5.At first, Lily was too shy to talk to the elderly in the volunteer activity, but now she becomes more ________ and willing to chat with them.
A.active B.careful C.weak D.strange
6.Please ________ the plastic bottles ________ the paper before putting them in the bin.
A.separate; from B.pour; into C.punish; for D.fine; for
7.What animals does the shelter have
A.Only dogs. B.Only cats. C.Not mentioned.
8.________ is a good way to protect the environment.
A.Littering B.Recycling C.Wasting D.Polluting
9.I was hiking in the mountains _________ some friends.
A.with B.and C.to
10.The children greeted their teacher ________, sharing stories about their weekend.
A.finally B.warmly
C.recently D.usually
11.She ________ becoming a famous singer when she grows up.
A.dreams of B.thinks of C.hears of D.talks of
12.The second speaker works at an art ________.
A.stadium B.museum C.charity
13.—Look! There is ________ old man crossing the street.
—Let’s go and help ________ old man.
A.a; the B.an; the C.a; a D.an; an
14.How long have you ________ your best friend
A.known B.know C.knew
15.The United Nations is a world ________ that aims to keep peace and safety around the world.
A.organization B.group
C.team D.club
16.Solar energy is clean and ________. It doesn’t harm the environment.
A.unclean B.chemical C.eco-friendly D.strict
17.Many volunteers go to the old people’s home to support and care for ________.
A.the rich B.the young C.the elderly D.the dead
18.It’s ________ to join a volunteer club and help people in need.
A.boring B.useless C.meaningful D.difficult
19.When can you start ________ for the programme
A.Volunteer B.volunteering C.to volunteering D.volunteered
20.To volunteer with us, just drop ________ an email.
A.us B.we C.our
21.—Why do you keep this old watch It doesn’t even work.
—It’s not about money. I________it because it was my grandfather’s.
A.value B.store C.hold D.own
22.My ________ sister is a volunteer teacher in a village school, and she often shares her interesting stories with me.
A.old B.eld C.elder D.oldest
23.The workers are still ________ even during the holiday.
A.on the go B.willing to C.familiar with
24.They are ________ all the time. We’d better not interrupt them (打扰).
A.familiar with B.make a difference C.on the go
25.My sister often volunteers ________ a teacher in the village.
A.to B.as C.for D.with
26.Tom is very ________ in class — he always raises his hand to answer questions.
A.afraid B.proud C.active D.nervous
27.The first speaker works for a ________ organization.
A.sports B.sport C.sported
28.The law is very ________. Anyone who litters will be fined at least 50 yuan.
A.successful B.total C.strict D.wise
29.I ________ with a sports organization for almost three years now.
A.work B.have worked C.am working
30.—How long have you been collecting stamps
—I have been collecting stamps ________ I was ten years old, and now I have over 500 stamps from different countries.
A.since B.for C.during
31.—Hey, Lily! You look so energetic now.
—Yeah! I started my weight-management journey last year. All my ________ have paid off. I feel so much better now.
A.behaviours B.jokes C.efforts D.words
32.My brother ________ in this city for five years.
A.lives B.lived C.has lived D.will live
33.Many young people volunteer ________ the old people clean their houses on weekends.
A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped
34.—Do you mind _________ us how to start a small charity activity
—Not at all. First, you need to find a clear goal.
A.tell B.to tell C.telling D.told
35.—What activity did you _________for yesterday, Zhu Wei
—I decided to volunteer on a farm with a medical organization.
A.set up B.get up C.sign up D.take back
36.My friend ________ a wallet on her way to ________ her daughter yesterday.
A.picked up; picking up B.picking up; clean up
C.cheer up; pick up D.picked up; pick up
37.—How can we _________ to protecting the endangered animals
—We can donate money to animal protection organizations.
A.make a difference B.take differences C.do different
38.Every small act of kindness can ________ a big difference to people in need.
A.make B.take C.do D.give
39.The elderly are proud of having lived in such a safe _________for years.
A.church B.society C.stadium D.organization
40.The old car ________ on the way to school, so I was late.
A.ran out B.broke down C.poured down D.took control
41.________, we should keep kind and helpful.
A.Most of all B.More of all C.Most D.More
42.If you want to be a good guide in the nature park, you must be familiar ________ all the plants and animals here.
A.with B.to C.for D.at
43.The little boy always laughs ________ others, which is not polite.
A.to B.at C.with D.for
44.She has been a volunteer ________ last August.
A.for B.since C.in
45.The story is so meaningful that I just can’t ________.
A.put it down B.put down it C.put it away D.put away it
46.As a tour guide, he ________ all the scenic spots in this city and can tell interesting stories about them.
A.is familiar with B.is interested in
C.is good at D.is famous for
47.— How long have you stayed in Shanghai
— _______ I was 4.
A.Before B.Till C.Since D.When
48.—What do you usually do in your spare time
—I often go to the library. It ________ for five years.
A.opened B.has opened C.has been open D.will be open
49.—What’s the most meaningful thing you’ve done to make a difference
—________ is volunteering at the animal shelter every weekend.
A.This B.That C.It D.They
50.— I think John is very kind.
— Yes. He always________ everything with other kids.
A.reaches B.shares C.cares D.touches
51.Why did you choose to work here (Working at a stray animal rescue station)
A.Because I love animals. B.Because I need money. C.Because I have to.
52.—How long _________ the organization _________ free medical services to rural areas
—For five years. It has helped thousands of people.
A.has; provided B.do; provide C.will; provide D.did; provide
53.—Is your father at home
—No, he ________ to the supermarket.
A.has been B.has gone C.went D.will go
54.The speech about food safety is worth ________. Please tell John not to be late.
A.attend B.to attend C.attended D.attending
55.Mr Wu ________ in a primary school as a volunteer since two years ago.
A.has taught B.teaches C.taught D.teach
56.With the teacher’s help and his own ________, Tom finally improved his English grade from C to A.
A.interest B.effort
C.time D.luck
57.He ________ in bed for a week because of his serious leg hurt, so he missed the mid-term exam.
A.lies B.lay C.has lain D.has laid
58.You have taught children to do sports ________.
A.before B.ago C.later
59.I think it’s ________ duty to look after the environment.
A.everyone B.everyone’s C.everyones’
60.He ________ for the volunteer club last week.
A.sign up B.signed up C.signs up D.signing up
61.His grandfather ________ for two years.
A.died B.has died C.has been dead D.was dead
62.—My mom is busy preparing dinner. Can you ________ with setting the table, Mike
—Of course! I’ll do it right now.
A.sign up B.pick up C.help out D.hand out
63.—How long ________ you ________ this computer
—For three years.
A.have; bought B.have; had C.did; buy D.do; have
64.Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum ________ for about five years, but I ________ there.
A.has opened; haven’t gone B.has been open; haven’t been
C.has been open; haven’t gone D.has opened; haven’t been
65.—How long has your cousin ________ London
—She _______ there for three weeks, since the beginning of July.
A.been to; has gone to B.been in; has been in
C.been in; has been D.been from; has gone
66.—Why do you want to join the charity project
—Because I want to ________ people in need and bring them hope.
A.help B.hurt C.ignore D.trouble
67.—I haven’t seen your brother for a long time. Where is he
—He ________ abroad to study. He will come back next month.
A.has been B.has gone C.went D.goes
68.I ________ a member of the Red Cross for six years.
A.am B.was C.have been D.had been
69.When the foreign guests visited our school yesterday, the students greeted them ________ with smiles and flowers.
A.warmly B.clearly
C.easily D.quickly
70.The factory was ________ 10,000 yuan for polluting the air with harmful ________.
A.punished; fuels B.fined; chemicals
C.controlled; soils D.separated; resources
71.She has worked here ________ 2020.
A.for B.since C.in D.at
72.I’ve never forgotten _________ day.
A.those B.this C.that
73.—Tim, I remember you left London several years ago.
—Yes, we ________ London for three years.
A.left B.have left C.are away from D.have been away from
74.—Has Tom been waiting for us at the station
—Yes, he called me ten minutes ago and said he had already been waiting ________ half an hour by then.
A.after B.for C.since
75.Lisa is always ________ in class activities—she often volunteers to give speeches and organize group games.
A.quiet B.active C.willing D.lazy
76.—What inspired Robert to volunteer
—His friend ________ told him about her volunteer work.
A.Rose B.Robert C.the interviewer
77.My ________ brother volunteers at the nursing home to help the ________.
A.elder, elderly B.elderly, elder
C.older, elder D.eldest, elderly
78.Lucy is so kind that she ________ always ________ others in trouble.
A.was; helping B.is; helping C.has; helped D./; helps
79.The search for the survivors ________ since the Turkey-Syria earthquakes happened. More than 8,000 people have been rescued.
A.starts B.started C.has started D.has been on
80.Lots of tourists from the southern part of China ________ Harbin twice.
A.have been in B.have gone to
C.have been to D.have gone in
81.The charity sale last weekend was a great ________ —we raised over 5,000 yuan to help poor children buy books.
A.problem B.success
C.message D.pocket
82.—I ________ my home since ten years ago.
—That’s really a long time.
A.left B.have left
C.have been away from D.leave
83.Hurry up! The movie ________ for ten minutes.
A.has begun B.began C.has been on D.will begin
84.This app gives ________ tips on how to save electricity at home, like turning off lights when leaving a room.
A.strange B.common
C.practical D.missing
85.—What a great ________! It helps people communicate across the world easily.
—Yes, its ________ was a brilliant scientist.
A.invention; inventor B.inventor; invention C.invention; invention
86.Many students in our class ________ old clothes and toys to the children’s home every winter to help those in need.
A.choose B.collect C.donate D.receive
87.—Does the organization ________ houses to the homeless people
—Yes. And it also ________ them with food.
A.provide; provides B.supply; offers C.lend; provides D.afford; offers
88.I’m studying art ________ at university.
A.history B.lesson C.class
89.The old man ________ since two years ago. His family miss him very much.
A.has died B.died C.has been dead D.is dead
90.She ________ for the national diving team since 2018.
A.served B.has served C.serves D.will serve
91.—Did you study any other language ________ English when you were at college
—Yes, I studied three. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each.
A.except; besides B.but; except C.besides; except D.but; besides
92.—How long have you ________ in the volunteer club
—For about two years.
A.joined B.taken part in C.been
93.He ________ the army for five years.
A.has joined B.has been in C.joined D.was in
94.You should never ________ when you face difficulties.
A.give up B.look up to C.put in effort
95.We can improve our ________ skills by volunteering here.
A.elderly B.practical C.worth
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1.A
【解析】句意:在户外活动期间,我们应该把主要的注意力放在学生的安全上。
primary主要的;hardly几乎不;lonely孤独的;friendly友好的。attention为名词,需用形容词修饰,hardly是副词,排除;根据句意可知安全最重要,应给予“主要的”关注,lonely 和 friendly 语意不符。应填primary。
2.B
【解析】句意:罗伯特主动提出每周做两次志愿者。
once一次;twice两次;three times三次。根据课本Listen again部分“Robert offers to volunteer twice a week.”可知,罗伯特主动提出每周做两次志愿者,应填twice。
3.A
【解析】句意:要取得成功,你需要有一个明确的目标。
success成功,名词;successful成功的,形容词;succeed成功,动词。根据“To achieve…”可知,achieve“实现”,动词,后接名词作宾语。故选A。
4.C
【解析】句意:你愿意加入我们,担任一名志愿者吗?句中“join us____volunteer”表示此处需要介词说明加入后的身份角色,只有as符合语义逻辑。
5.A
【解析】句意:起初,莉莉在志愿活动中太害羞了,不敢和老人说话,但现在她变得更活跃,愿意和他们聊天了。
active积极的/活跃的;careful小心的;weak虚弱的;strange奇怪的。根据“but”可知,这里应与之前的“害羞”形成对比,现在愿意和他人聊天,说明变得活跃(active)了。
6.A
【解析】句意:请把塑料瓶和纸分开,然后再把它们放进垃圾桶。
考查动词短语辨析。separate...from...把……和……分开;pour...into...把……倒入……;punish...for...因……惩罚……;fine...for...因……罚款……。根据“before putting them in the bin”可知,扔垃圾前需要将塑料瓶和纸分开处理,符合垃圾分类的常识。故选A。
7.C
【解析】课文对话中只提到了照顾狗、打扫笼子等工作,没有明确说明收容所里只有狗、只有猫,或是有其他动物,因此选 “未提及”。
8.B
【解析】句意:回收利用是保护环境的好方法。
考查名词辨析。Littering乱扔垃圾;Recycling回收利用;Wasting浪费;Polluting污染。根据“保护环境”的语境,只有“回收利用”是积极环保的行为,其他选项均为破坏环境的行为。故选B。
9.A
【解析】句意:我当时正和一些朋友一起在山里徒步远足。
with和;and并且;to到。根据“some friends.”可知,此处表示和朋友一起,应用介词with。and是连词,用来连接并列成分,不能用在这里。
10.B
【解析】句意:孩子们热情地问候了他们的老师,分享着他们周末的故事。
考查副词辨析。finally最后;warmly热情地;recently最近;usually通常。根据“sharing stories about their weekend”可知,孩子们分享周末故事,说明他们见到老师时是热情、高兴的,因此用warmly修饰“greeted”最符合语境。故选B。
11.A
【解析】句意:她梦想着长大后成为一名著名的歌手。
dreams of梦想;thinks of想起;hears of听说;talks of谈论,“when she grows up”是指未来的梦想,可知 dreams of 符合语境。
12.B
【解析】句意:第二位演讲者在一家艺术博物馆工作。
stadium体育馆;museum博物馆;charity慈善机构。根据“works at an art”可知,是强调在艺术博物馆工作,应填museum。
13.B
【解析】句意:——看!有一位老人正在过马路。——我们去帮助那位老人吧。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指。第一个空,根据“There is...old man crossing the street.”可知,此处表示泛指一个老人,且“old”是以元音音素开头的单词,因此用不定冠词“an”;第二个空,根据上文语境可知,此处特指上文提到的过马路的那个老人,因此用定冠词“the”。故选B。
14.A
【解析】句意:你认识你最好的朋友多久了?
根据“How long have you...”可知,时态是现在完成时,应该用过去分词,应填known。
15.A
【解析】句意:联合国是一个旨在维护世界和平与安全的世界组织。
考查名词辨析。organization组织;group团体;team队;club俱乐部。根据“The United Nations”及“keep peace and safety around the world”可知,联合国是正式的国际机构,organization符合语境。故选A。
16.C
【解析】句意:太阳能是清洁且环保的。它不伤害环境。
考查形容词辨析。unclean不干净的;chemical化学的;eco-friendly环保的;strict严格的。根据后句“It doesn’t harm the environment.”可知,太阳能对环境友好,与clean并列,应选表示“环保的”形容词。故选C。
17.C
【解析】句意:许多志愿者去养老院支持和照顾老年人。
考查“the + 形容词”表示一类人的用法。the rich 富人;the young年轻人;the elderly老年人;the dead死者。根据“old people’s home(养老院)”可知,志愿者去养老院照顾的对象应是老年人。故选C。
18.C
【解析】句意:加入志愿者俱乐部并帮助需要帮助的人是有意义的。
考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的;useless无用的;meaningful有意义的;difficult困难的。根据“join a volunteer club and help people in need”可知,参加志愿者俱乐部帮助他人应是一件有意义的事,C项符合。故选C。
19.B
【解析】句意:你什么时候开始为这个项目做志愿工作?
固定搭配start doing sth.开始做某事,用volunteer的动名词形式volunteering。
20.A
【解析】句意:如果想加入我们成为志愿者,只需给我们发一封邮件即可。
us我们(宾格);we我们(主格);our我们的(形容词性物主代词)。“drop someone an email”意为“给某人发一封邮件”,固定搭配,drop后接宾格,应填us。
21.A
【解析】句意:——你为什么留着这块旧表?它甚至都不走了。——这不是钱的问题。我珍视它,因为它是我祖父的。
考查动词辨析。value 珍视,重视;store 储存,存放;hold 拿着,持有;own 拥有。根据“It’s not about money.”可知,说话者并非看重其金钱价值,而是因为它是祖父的遗物,所以是“珍视”这份情感价值。故选A。
22.C
【解析】句意:我的姐姐是一所乡村学校的志愿教师,她经常和我分享她的有趣故事。
表示“姐姐”用elder sister,强调长幼关系。
23.A
【解析】句意:工人们即使在假期也仍然在忙个不停。
考查固定短语辨析。on the go忙个不停,四处奔走;willing to愿意;familiar with熟悉。根据“even during the holiday”可知,这里表达工人们在假期也没有休息,依然忙碌,on the go符合语境。故选A。
24.C
【解析】句意:他们一直都在忙碌着。我们最好不要打扰他们。
考查短语辨析。familiar with熟悉;make a difference有影响,起作用;on the go忙个不停,活跃。根据“all the time”和“We’d better not interrupt them”可知,他们一直处于忙碌状态,应用on the go表示状态。故选C。
25.B
【解析】句意:我的姐姐经常志愿作为一名老师在村里服务。
to到;as作为;for为了;with和……一起。根据“volunteers ... a teacher”可知,此处表示志愿充当某种身份,固定搭配volunteer as意为“志愿作为……”。
26.C
【解析】句意:汤姆在课堂上非常积极——他总是举手回答问题。
考查形容词辨析。afraid害怕的;proud骄傲的;active积极的;nervous紧张的。根据“he always raises his hand to answer questions”可知,汤姆在课堂上表现积极。故选C。
27.A
【解析】句意:第一位发言人就职于一家体育机构。
sports体育运动,复数;sport体育运动,单数;sported指某人穿戴某物。sports organization是固定搭配,表示体育组织/体育机构。
28.C
【解析】句意:这项法律非常严格。任何人乱扔垃圾将被罚款至少50元。
考查形容词辨析。successful成功的;total总的;strict严格的;wise明智的。根据“Anyone who litters will be fined at least 50 yuan.”可知,乱丢垃圾会被罚款,说明法律是严格的。故选C。
29.B
【解析】句意:我至今已经在一个体育组织工作了将近三年。
时间状语“for almost three years now”(至今将近三年)表示动作从过去开始持续到现在,需用现在完成时,此处应用have worked。
30.A
【解析】句意:——你集邮多久了?——我从十岁起就开始集邮了,现在我有来自不同国家的500多张邮票。
考查介词辨析。since自从,后接时间点;for后接一段时间;during在……期间。根据“I was ten years old”是一个时间点,且句子为现在完成进行时,表示动作从过去持续到现在,应用since。故选A。
31.C
【解析】句意:——嘿,莉莉!你现在看起来精力充沛。——是啊!我去年开始了我的体重管理之旅。我所有的努力都得到了回报。我现在感觉好多了。
考查名词辨析。behaviours行为;jokes玩笑;efforts努力;words话语。根据前文“started my weight-management journey”和“paid off”可知,此处应指付出的努力取得了效果,符合逻辑。故选C。
32.C
【解析】句意:我哥哥已经在这座城市住过五年了。
句中有时间标志短语“for five years”,表示“居住”这个动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,符合现在完成时的用法。现在完成时结构为“have/has +动词过去分词”,主语“My brother”是第三人称单数,因此用has lived。
33.B
【解析】句意:许多年轻人周末自愿去帮助老人打扫房子。
help动词原形;to help动词不定式;helping动名词;helped动词的过去式。根据固定搭配 volunteer to do sth.可知,volunteer后接动词不定式作宾语,意为“自愿做某事”。
34.C
【解析】句意:——你介意告诉我们如何开展一场小型慈善活动吗?——一点也不介意。首先,你需要找到一个明确的目标。
考查动词短语。tell告诉;to tell动词不定式;telling动名词/现在分词;told动词过去式/过去分词。根据“mind”可知,mind doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“介意做某事”,因此此处填telling。故选C。
35.C
【解析】句意:——朱伟,你昨天报名了什么活动?——我决定和一个医疗组织一起去农场做志愿者。
set up建立;get up起床;sign up报名;take back拿回。考查动词短语辨析,根据答语“决定去农场做志愿者”可知,此处指报名参加活动,sign up 符合语境。
36.D
【解析】句意:我的朋友昨天在去接她女儿的路上捡到一个钱包。
考查动词短语。pick up捡起;接(某人);clean up打扫;cheer up欢呼。 时间状语“yesterday”可知,时态为一般过去时,动词应用过去式“picked up捡起”,此处指“捡到一个钱包”;第二个空应在动词不定式to后,填动词原形“pick up”表示去接她的女儿。故选D。
37.A
【解析】句意:—我们怎样才能做出贡献来保护濒危动物?—我们可以向动物保护组织捐款。
make a difference是固定搭配,意为“起作用,有影响”,符合语境;根据答语“donate money”可知问句询问如何为保护动物做出贡献。
38.A
【解析】句意:每一个小小的善举都能对有需要的人产生重大影响。
考查动词辨析。make制作;take带走;do做;give给。根据固定搭配“make a difference”表示“产生影响/起作用”可知,此处应选make。故选A。
39.B
【解析】句意:老年人为多年来生活在这样一个安全的社会中而感到自豪。
church教堂;society社会;stadium体育场;organization组织。空格前“such a safe”提示需要填一个表示“环境/场所”的名词。老年人长期生活的地方应是“社会”,而非具体的教堂、体育场或组织,society符合语境。
40.B
【解析】句意:那辆旧车在上学路上抛锚了,所以我迟到了。
考查动词短语辨析。ran out用完;broke down出故障,抛锚;poured down倾盆而下;took control控制。根据“The old car”和“so I was late”可知,旧车在路上发生故障导致迟到。故选B。
41.A
【解析】句意:最重要的是,我们应该保持善良并乐于助人。
Most of all是固定短语,“最重要的是、首先”;More of all为错误搭配;Most通常表示“最”或“大多数”,单独使用不表达“最重要的是”;More表示“更多”。此处强调在众多品质中“最重要的是”,应用Most of all。
42.A
【解析】句意:如果你想成为自然公园的一名好导游,你必须熟悉这里所有的动植物。
with和……一起;to到;for为了;at在。根据“you must be familiar…”可知,be familiar with是动词短语,意为“熟悉……”。应填with。
43.B
【解析】句意:这个小男孩总是嘲笑别人,这是不礼貌的。
to朝,向;at在;向;with和……一起;for为了。laugh at意为“嘲笑”,laugh with意为“和……一起笑”。根据“which is not polite”可知,是不礼貌的行为,推测出是嘲笑别人。应填at。
44.B
【解析】句意:她从去年八月起就一直是一名志愿者。
for为了;since自从;in在……里面。根据“She has been a volunteer...last August.”可知,此处表示自从去年八月起就一直是一名志愿者,应用since,后接具体时间点last August。
45.A
【解析】句意:这个故事如此有意义以至于我简直无法放下它。
put down意为“放下”,put away意为“收起来”。根据“The story is so meaningful”可知,故事有意义,应该是“不能放下”,排除选项C和D,put down是动词和副词构成的短语,it是代词,在句中作宾语,代词宾语要放在动词和副词之间,表达成“put it down”。
46.A
【解析】句意:作为一名导游,他熟悉这个城市的所有景点,并能讲述关于它们的有趣故事。
考查形容词短语辨析。is familiar with熟悉;is interested in对……感兴趣;is good at擅长;is famous for因……而出名。根据“and can tell interesting stories about them”可知,导游应该对所有景点很熟悉,这样才能讲述关于它们的有趣故事。故选A。
47.C
【解析】句意:——你在上海待了多久了?——从我4岁起。
Before在……之前;Till直到;Since自从;When当……时候。根据问句“How long”(提问时间段)和现在完成时的语境,since后接过去时间点,用于回答时长,符合语境。
48.C
【解析】句意:——你空闲时间通常做什么?——我经常去图书馆。它已经开放五年了。
考查现在完成时。根据“for five years”可知,此处表示持续五年的状态,强调图书馆“已经开放五年了”,需用现在完成时,且open作形容词表示“开放的状态”,用“has been open”表示持续性。故选C。
49.C
【解析】句意:——你做过最有意义、能带来改变的事情是什么?——是每个周末在动物收容所做志愿者。
考查代词用法。This这个;That那个;It它;They他们/它们。答句中缺少主语,用代词It指代前面问句中的“the most meaningful thing”。故选C。
50.B
【解析】句意:——我认为比尔很善良。——是的。他经常和其他孩子分享一切。
考查动词辨析。reached触及;shares分享;cares关心;touches触摸。根据“Bill is very kind”可知,比尔善良,所以和其他孩子分享玩具。故选B。
51.A
【解析】句意:你为什么选择在这里工作?(在流浪动物救助站工作)
考查情景交际。Because I love animals.因为我喜欢动物;Because I need money.因为我需要钱;Because I have to.因为我必须这么做。根据“Why did you choose to work here ”可知,此处应该回答:因为我喜欢动物。故选A。
52.A
【解析】句意:——这个组织为农村地区提供免费医疗服务多久了?——五年了。它已经帮助了成千上万的人。
考查动词时态。how long用于询问动作持续的时间,答句“For five years”和“It has helped”提示动作从过去持续到现在,需用现在完成时。主语the organization是单数,助动词用has;provide的过去分词是provided。因此此处填has; provided。故选A。
53.B
【解析】句意:——你爸爸在家吗?——不,他去超市了。
has been to表示去过某地(已返回);has gone to表示去了某地(还没回来),此处强调爸爸去超市还没回来对现在的影响——现在不在家,需用现在完成时,表示“还没回来”,应用has gone。
54.D
【解析】句意:这个关于食品安全的演讲值得参加。请告诉约翰不要迟到。
考查非谓语动词。短语“be worth”意为“值得”,后接动名词或名词作宾语。故选D。
55.A
【解析】句意:吴先生自两年前起就作为志愿者在一所小学任教。
考查现在完成时。has taught已经教,现在完成时;teaches教,一般现在时;taught教,一般过去时;teach教,动词原形。根据时间状语“since two years ago”,表示从过去持续到现在的动作,需用现在完成时have/has+done。故选A。
56.B
【解析】句意:在老师的帮助和他自己的努力下,汤姆最终把他的英语成绩从C提高到了A。
interest兴趣;effort努力;time时间;luck运气。根据“Tom finally improved his English grade from C to A.”可知,Tom成绩提升的原因包括老师的帮助和自身的努力,因此应填入effort。
57.C
【解析】句意:他因为腿伤严重在床上躺了一周,所以他错过了期中考试。
根据前半句“for a week”和后半句“so he missed the mid-term exam”中的missed可知,句子时态为现在完成时,且根据“in bed”可知此处意为“躺”,此处用“lie”的现在完成时“has lain”。
58.A
【解析】句意:你以前教过孩子们进行体育锻炼。
before以前,通常与完成时连用,可以是过去某个时间之前,也可泛指以前;ago以前,通常与一般过去时连用,表示从现在算起某段时间以前;later后来。根据“You have taught children to do sports”可知,此句为现在完成时,这里说的是以前教过,表达的是泛指以前。
59.B
【解析】句意:我认为保护环境是每个人的责任。
“everyone”意思是“每个人”,它是一个不定代词,在表示所属关系,即“……的”时,要在其后加“’s”构成名词所有格形式,应填everyone’s 。
60.B
【解析】句意:他上周报名参加了志愿者俱乐部。
根据时间状语“last week”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,signed up符合语境。
61.C
【解析】句意:他的祖父已经去世两年了。
时间状语“for two years”提示此句用现在完成时,表示动作/状态从过去持续到现在,谓语结构是have/has done;与一段时间连用应使用延续性动词,非延续性动词die转换成延续性短语是be dead,应填has been dead。
62.C
【解析】句意:——我妈妈正忙着准备晚餐。迈克,你能帮忙摆一下桌子吗?——当然!我马上做。
sign up报名;pick up捡起/接人;help out帮忙;hand out分发。根据题干“with setting the table”可知,请求对方“帮忙”摆桌子,应填help out。
63.B
【解析】句意:——你拥有这台电脑多久了?——三年了。
根据答语“For three years.”表示持续的时间可知,此处应用现在完成时,且动词需用延续性动词,buy是短暂性动词,需改为延续性动词have,过去分词为had,应填have; had。
64.B
【解析】句意:扬州中国大运河博物馆已经开放大约五年了,但我还没去过那里。
根据“for about five years”可知,句子应用现在完成时,且动词需为延续性动词,open作动词是短暂性动词,不能与时间段连用,其延续性状态为be open,故排除A、D选项;第二空表示“没去过某地”,应用haven’t been,haven’t gone意为“去了某地还没回来”,不符合语境。排除C选项。
65.C
【解析】句意:——你表亲待在伦敦多久了?——她从七月初开始已经在那里三周了。
been to去过某地,已返回,非延续;been in在某地,可延续;been from来自某地;has gone to去了某地,未返回,非延续,不可与时间段连用;has been in在某地,后接地点名词。根据“How long”和“for three weeks”可知,谓语动词需用延续性动词,been to和gone to表示瞬间动作,不能与时间段连用;第一空后接名词London,需用介词in,构成been in;第二空后接副词there,无需介词,直接用has been。
66.A
【解析】句意:——你为什么想加入这个慈善项目?——因为我想帮助有需要的人,并给他们带来希望。
考查动词辨析。help帮助;hurt伤害;ignore忽视;trouble麻烦。根据“I want to…people in need and bring them hope”以及选项可知,此处指帮助有需要的人,应用help。故选A。
67.B
【解析】句意:——我好久没见你哥哥了。他在哪里?——他出国留学了。他下个月会回来。
has been去过(现在完成时,表示已经回来);has gone去了(现在完成时,表示尚未回来);went去了(动词过去式);goes去(动词三单形式)。根据“Where is he ”和“He will come back next month.”可知,他目前不在说话现场,而是去了国外尚未回来,强调对现在的影响,应用has gone。
68.C
【解析】句意:我成为红十字会的一员已经六年了。
考查时态。根据“for six years”可知,强调从过去持续到现在的状态,需用现在完成时have/has done,主语是I,助动词用have。故选C。
69.A
【解析】句意:昨天外国客人来我校参观时,同学们面带微笑、手捧鲜花,热情地迎接了他们。
warmly热烈地;clearly清楚地;easily容易地;quickly快速地。根据“the students greeted them…with smiles and flowers.”可知,迎接外国客人的方式应是热情的。应填warmly。
70.B
【解析】句意:这家工厂因排放有害化学物质污染空气被罚款10,000元。
考查动词和名词辨析。punished受惩罚,fuels燃料;fined被罚款,chemicals化学物质;controlled受控的, soils土壤;separated分开的, resources资源。根据“for polluting the air”可知,工厂污染空气应被罚款,且“有害的”通常修饰“化学物质”更合理。故选B。
71.B
【解析】句意:她从2020年就在这里工作了。
for为了;since自从;in在……里面;at在。根据“She has worked here”可知,句子是现在完成时,且“2020”是一个时间点,所以这里应该用since,应填since。
72.C
【解析】句意:我从未忘记那一天。
those那些;this这,这个;that那,那个。“day”是单数名词形式,因此不能使用修饰复数名词的those,可直接排除A。B和C都可修饰单数名词,但此处是“难忘的某一天”这类带有回忆感的语境,that更常用于指代过去的、较远的日子,情感上更贴合“从未忘记”的回忆色彩;而this更偏向指代眼前或较近的日子,所以空处应填that。
73.D
【解析】句意:——蒂姆,我记得你几年前离开了伦敦。——是的,我们离开伦敦已经三年了。
根据时间状语“for three years”可知,句子需用现在完成时,且动词需具有延续性。leave是短暂性动词,不能与时间段连用,需转换为be away from表示状态,have been away from符合语境。
74.B
【解析】句意:——汤姆一直在车站等我们吗?——是的,他十分钟前给我打电话,说到那时他已经等了半个小时了。
考查介词辨析。after在……之后;for后接时间段;since自从……以来;根据“half an hour”可知,此处用for连接时间段“half an hour”。故选B。
75.B
【解析】句意:丽莎在课堂活动中总是很积极——她经常自愿发表演讲并组织小组游戏。
quiet安静的;active积极的;willing乐意的;lazy懒惰的。根据“she often volunteers to give speeches and organize group games.”可知,丽莎在课堂上很“积极”,应填active。
76.A
【解析】句意:——是什么激励了罗伯特去参加志愿活动?——他的朋友罗斯向他讲述了她所做的志愿者工作。
Rose罗斯,女子名;Robert罗伯特,男子名;the interviewer采访者。根据“her volunteer work”可知,罗伯特是受“女性朋友”的激励去参加志愿活动,只有Rose符合语境,the interviewer需要在相应语境下使用,不能用于“朋友”角色。应填Rose。
77.A
【解析】句意:我的哥哥在养老院做志愿者,帮助老年人。
elder年长的(用于兄弟姊妹间长幼排序);elderly老年人;older更老的(表年龄大小比较);eldest最年长的(三者及以上比较)。第一空表“哥哥”(兄弟间长幼)用elder,第二空表“老年人”用the elderly,应填elder, elderly。
78.D
【解析】句意:露西如此善良以至于她总是帮助有困难的人。
根据前半句“Lucy is so kind”可知,句子描述的是现在的性格特征,时态为一般现在时;后半句由“always”修饰,表示习惯性动作,主语she是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用helps,第一空无需填词。
79.D
【解析】句意:自从Turkey-Syria地震发生以来,搜寻幸存者的工作一直在进行。已有超过8000人获救。
根据时间状语"since the Turkey-Syria earthquakes happened"可知,主句应用现在完成时,表示动作从过去持续到现在,排除一般现在时和一般过去时。start是瞬间动词,不能与since连用表示动作持续,需转换为延续性状态,be on表示进行中,符合语境。应填has been on。
80.C
【解析】句意:许多来自中国南方的游客已经去过哈尔滨两次了。
考查现在完成时中have been to与have gone to的辨析。have been in待在(某地);have gone to去了(某地,未回);have been to去过(某地,已回);have gone in搭配错误。根据句意“Lots of tourists from the southern part of China...Harbin twice.”可知,表示“去过某地并已返回”应用have been to,且twice表示经历。故选C。
81.B
【解析】句意:上周末的慈善义卖非常成功——我们筹集了5000多元来帮助贫困儿童买书。
problem问题;success成功;message信息;pocket口袋。根据后句“we raised over 5,000 yuan”可知,义卖筹得了钱,说明是“成功”的,应填success。
82.C
【解析】句意:——自从十年前我就离开家了。——那真是很长一段时间了。
考查现在完成时与延续性动词的用法。left离开,过去式;have left已经离开,现在完成时;have been away from已经离开,持续状态;leave离开,原形。根据时间状语since ten years ago可知,动作从过去持续到现在,需用现在完成时,且动词需具有延续性。leave为非延续性动词,不能与一段时间连用,而be away from表示离开的持续状态,可与since…搭配。故选C。
83.C
【解析】句意:快点!电影已经开始十分钟了。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“for ten minutes”可知,动作需持续一段时间,而begin“开始”是短暂性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,需转换为延续性动词或状态,has been on表示“已经开始并持续”,符合题意。故选C。
84.C
【解析】句意:这款应用提供了关于居家节电的实用小窍门,比如离开房间时关灯。
strange奇怪的;common普通的;practical实用的;missing丢失的。根据“like turning off lights when leaving a room.”可知,离开房间关灯是实用性的省电技巧。应填practical。
85.A
【解析】句意:——多么伟大的一项发明啊!它帮助人们在世界各地轻松交流。——是的,它的发明者是一位杰出的科学家。
invention发明,指物;inventor发明者,指人。第一空结合后句“It helps people communicate...”可知指代事物,应填invention;第二空结合表语“a brilliant scientist”可知主语指人,应填inventor。
86.C
【解析】句意:我们班许多学生每年冬天都会向儿童之家捐赠旧衣服和玩具,以帮助那些有需要的人。
choose选择;collect收集;donate捐赠;receive收到。根据题干“to the children’s home”及“to help those in need”可知,学生是“捐赠”旧衣物,应填donate。
87.A
【解析】句意:——这个组织为无家可归的人提供住房吗?——是的。它还为他们提供食物。
考查动词辨析与搭配。第一空:provide提供,常用provide sth. to sb.或provide sb. with sth.“提供某物给某人”;supply供应,常用supply sb. with sth.或supply sth. to sb.;lend借出,常用lend sth. to sb.;afford负担得起。根据“houses to the homeless people”可知,此处意为“提供”,可用provide/supply sth. to sb.结构。第二空:provides提供,第三人称单数;offers提供,第三人称单数:常用offer sb. sth或offer sth. to sb.。根据后文“them with food”可知,此处为provide sb. with sth.结构,应用provides。故选A。
88.A
【解析】句意:我正在大学学习艺术史。
history历史;lesson课;class班级。根据“studying art”和“at university”可知,大学里学习的是一门学科,即“艺术史”。应填history。
89.C
【解析】句意:这位老人自从两年前就已经去世了。他的家人非常想念他。
根据“since two years ago”可知,句子应用现在完成时,且谓语动词需具有延续性。die是瞬间动词,不能与时间段连用,需转化为be dead表示状态,应填has been dead。
90.B
【解析】句意:自2018年以来,她一直为国家跳水队效力。
根据句中的时间状语“since 2018”可知,该句时态要用现在完成时,表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”,主语She是第三人称单数,所以用has,serve的过去分词是served,因此答案是has served。
91.C
【解析】句意:——你上大学时除了英语还学了别的语言吗?——是的,我学了三种。但除了每种语言的几个单词外,我全忘了。
考查介词辨析。except除……之外,不包括;besides除……之外,还包括;but除了,常与nothing等连用。第一空根据“Did you study any other language”可知,询问“除了英语之外 (包括英语) 是否还学了其他语言”,应使用besides;第二空表示“除了每种语言的几个单词外全忘了”,即“几个单词”没有忘,其余都忘了,应使用except表示排除。故选C。
92.C
【解析】句意:——你在志愿者俱乐部待了多久了?——大约两年了。
考查延续性动词的用法。joined加入,短暂性动词;taken part in参加,短暂性动词短语;been在,延续性动词。问句由“How long”引导,询问时间段,需用延续性动词。join和take part in都属于短暂性动作,不能与时间段连用;be表示状态,可以延续。故选C。
93.B
【解析】句意:他参军已经五年了。
joined参加,短暂性动词;be in在,表状态,延续性动词。“for five years”表示一段时间,因此本句时态应用现在完成时,且需与延续性动词连用。
94.A
【解析】句意:当你面对困难时,你永远不应该放弃。
give up意为放弃;look up to意为钦佩、尊敬;put in effort意为付出努力。根据面对困难的语境,此处表达不应放弃,give up符合题意。
95.B
【解析】句意:我们可以通过在这里做志愿活动来提高我们的实用技能。
考查形容词辨析。elderly年老的;practical实际的,实用的;worth值得的。根据“improve our ... skills by volunteering here”可知,此处表示做志愿活动来提高我们“实用的”技能。故选B。
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