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步步破题：高考阅读题型全解—CD训练
(限时:30分钟　满分:40分)
第一组
C
“That’s great,” said NASA astronaut Kjell Lindgren, after he ate a piece of red lettuce that was grown in a special box.“Tastes good,” agreed the U.S.astronaut Scott Kelly, who is spending one year at the research station.“Kind of like arugula,” Scott added, then used small bottles to spread extra virgin olive oil and vinegar on his leaf, much as one might spread mustard on a hot dog.
NASA says that if space explorers can grow their own food while they are away from the earth, they would be more likely to survive the deep space exploration, which can last months or even years.With no way to resupply a spacecraft making a long journey to and from Mars, the ability to grow food during the trip will be key to survive.“For us, having the ability to grow our own food is a big step in that direction,” he said.
Ray Wheeler, NASA’s lead scientist for advanced life support activities at Kennedy Space Center in Florida also said fresh foods such as tomatoes, blueberries and red lettuce could have a positive impact on people’s moods and also could provide some protection against radiation in space.
The red romaine lettuce was grown in a special plant-growing box called a Veggie unit that was built by Orbital Technologies Corporation in Madison, Wisconsin, and was flown to space aboard the Space-X Dragon cargo ship.The seeds are contained in rooting pillows, which come complete with soil and fertilizer.Since water cannot be poured in space, a special irrigation system delivers moisture to the plant pillows from below.
The seeds were “activated” by Scott on July 8 and grew for 33 days.On Monday, Lindgren used tongs to harvest the lettuce from its growing box, before attaching the leaves carefully to a tray.He cleaned them and handed them, in a food-safe bag, to Scott and Japanese astronaut Kimiya Yui.They saved a couple of leaves for Russian cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko and Gennady Padalka,who were outside the station doing a spacewalk.
A previous crop of lettuce was grown in space last year but was not eaten by astronauts.Instead, it underwent and passed food safety tests back on earth.
1.How did Scott do with the space-grown lettuce
A.He cooked it in a special box.
B.He ate it with a kind of arugula.
C.He put some mustard on it.
D.He put the virgin olive oil on it.
2.What may the underlined words “that direction” in the second paragraph refer to
A.the journey to and from Mars
B.the way to grow food
C.the building of research station
D.the ability to fly in space
3.What do Ray Wheeler’s words mean
A.The lettuce is a great step enabling human travel to Mars.
B.Humans are not able to arrive at Mars without the lettuce.
C.Tomatoes are obviously better than the blueberries in size.
D.Radiation would be reduced if people don’t eat some lettuce.
4.What is the main idea of the passage
A.The significance of growing food in space for deep space exploration.
B.The challenges of resupplying a spacecraft during long space journeys to and from Mars.
C.The process of growing red romaine lettuce in a special plant-growing box in space.
D.The importance of food safety tests for crops grown in space.
D
(2026·青岛高三年级第一次适应性检测)
“Shhh!” This is the demand that eco-acoustics (生态声学) researcher Jérome Sueur makes of humanity.The noises of technology spread across even the remotest corners of the planet.Sueur explores the impact of the ever-present sound on the animal world in Natural History of Silence.
Between travelogue-style chapters and philosophical reflections,the book covers many key terms and theories,such as the acoustic niche hypothesis (声学生态位假说),which assumes that each species has its own acoustic space to improve communication with its own kind and limit sound competition from other species.Sueur’s point is this:silence is a crucial resource,like food or water,which species compete for to survive.“Making sound is important,” he writes.But humans need to “make sure we are not more alive than others”.
When human activities were put on hold years ago,noise-monitoring organizations in France recorded a 60-75% drop in sound levels in many cities.Globally,wildlife communication changed.Fish and dolphins off the coast of New Zealand extended the range of their calls by 65% owing to a sharp reduction in boat travel.However,when humans emerged from their homes,so did all human-generated sounds and their harmful effects on natural systems,Sueur writes.
Sueur calls for a greater awareness of the need to preserve zones where noise is not welcome,effectively proposing a global network of silent shelters for wildlife.The book,thus,highlights an imaginary dividing line between humanity and nature—an approach to conservation that has thwarted contemporary environmentalists who believe true conservation success comes from building a harmonious bond with nature.Some even argue against it in public and attempt to seek more all-around solutions that involve local and indigenous (本土的) communities.
To encourage readers to act,the book could have included stories about successful no-fly zones where communities are working to address the problem.But the focus on solutions is narrow.Instead,his winding and wordy writing often carries a tone of anger,which could drive away the people he wants to silence.
5.What does the acoustic niche hypothesis assume
A.Species use sounds to communicate.
B.Each species has a unique sound range.
C.Species compete for sound resources.
D.Making sound is the key to survival.
6.Why are fish and dolphins mentioned in paragraph 3
A.To show the destruction caused by human activities.
B.To stress the role of animals in the local ecosystem.
C.To illustrate the impact of human activities on wildlife.
D.To compare responses of different animals.
7.What does the underlined word “thwarted” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Enlightened. B.Transformed.
C.Misled. D.Discouraged.
8.What can we learn about the book from the last paragraph
A.It is written in an objective tone.
B.It serves its writing purpose well.
C.It fails to relate to certain readers.
D.It conveys rather shallow ideas.
第二组
C
(2026·合肥高三第一次教学质量检测)
Scientists with the BrainGate research center have developed a breakthrough brain-computer interface (BCI).The system aims to restore communication for individuals with speech disabilities caused by conditions like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),which lead to the gradual loss of mobility and speech.It uses implanted sensors to interpret brain signals when a user attempts to speak,transforming them into text that is read aloud by a computer.The study,published in the New England Journal of Medicine on August 14,was led by David Brandman and Sergey Stavisky,faculty members at UC Davis Health.
ALS,also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease,affects nerve cells controlling muscle movements.BCI technology can restore communication for those affected.In this study,Casey Harrell,a 45-year-old man with ALS,regained the ability to communicate effectively within minutes of using the system.Harrell described the experience as life-changing,saying,“My past condition was so demoralizing.Not being able to communicate seems as if you were trapped.Something like this technology will help people get back into life and society.”
The BrainGate clinical trial,led by Dr.Leighal Hochberg from Brown University,has made major progress in interpreting brain signals to help people with paralysis (瘫痪) communicate.In July 2023,the UC Davis Health team implanted a BCI device into Harrell’s brain,focusing on the left precentral gyrus,a part of the brain that controls speech.The system translates brain activity into phonemes (音素) and words,enabling real-time communication.Harrell’s BCI generated speech with a voice similar to his own,using software trained with existing voice samples of his voice before he developed ALS.This allowed him to connect with his loved ones in a deeply personal way.Harrell used the system for over 248 hours,and the system achieved remarkable results,with 99.6% accuracy for a 50-word vocabulary in 30 minutes and 90.2% accuracy for a 125,000-word vocabulary after 1.4 additional training hours.
“This is transformative technology,” Brandman said.“It provides hope for people who want to speak but can’t.” Dr.John Ngai,director of the National Institutes of Health’s BRAIN Initiative,highlighted the milestone as a major step in restoring communication for individuals locked in by paralysis.
1.What do we know about the BrainGate BCI
A.It is used to treat speech disabilities.
B.It translates brain signals into speech.
C.It helps people with ALS move and speak.
D.It connects brains to make computers smarter.
2.What does the underlined word “demoralizing” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Discouraging. B.Demanding.
C.Comforting. D.Eye-opening.
3.Why was the speech composed in Harrell’s pre-ALS voice
A.To enable his communication in real time.
B.To make his speech emotionally meaningful.
C.To improve the accuracy of speech translation.
D.To help interpret his brain signals more easily.
4.What is Dr.John Ngai’s attitude towards the BrainGate BCI
A.Favourable. B.Unclear.
C.Cautious. D.Dismissive.
D
(2026·合肥高三第一次教学质量检测)
It might surprise you to learn that dogs are playing an increasingly important role as conservationists.For centuries,they have been known as man’s best friends.Now,their unique abilities are being made use of to help protect some of the world’s most threatened species.
Quick and loyal,dogs possess many qualities that make them ideal for fieldwork,but it’s their extraordinary sense of smell that makes them invaluable for conservation work.With around 220 million olfactory receptors (嗅觉受体) compared to just 5 million in humans,dogs can detect scents (气味) and analyze them with astonishing accuracy,devoting 40 times more of their brain to scent analysis than we do.
Thanks to this incredible ability,some dogs are now being trained to save at-risk animals by sniffing (嗅) out their droppings.At the University of Washington’s Conservation Canines facility,20 specially trained dogs have successfully tracked killer whale droppings,which only float briefly on the ocean’s surface.Analyzing these samples enables scientists to monitor the health of killer whale populations,which are under significant stress from food shortages,pollution,and boat traffic.
Beyond tracking animal droppings,conservation dogs are also trained for live animal detection,further showcasing their abilities.They can locate rare species in their natural habitats.Additionally,they are now used to tackle the non-native species that threaten the survival of the local wildlife.Dogs also take on other important roles.For example,at Kenya’s Mombasa Port,dogs sniff out illegal wildlife products such as rhino horns and ivory.Across Africa,they work on the frontlines against illegal hunting,serving as a powerful security force enhancer.
While dogs may not be the ultimate solution to every conservation challenge,their incomparable abilities make them invaluable companions in the fight to protect our planet’s biodiversity.
5.Why are the figures mentioned in the second paragraph
A.To highlight the superiority of dogs’ sense of smell.
B.To suggest the amazing accuracy of dogs’ analysis.
C.To recognize the importance of conservation work.
D.To show dogs’ impressive achievements in fieldwork.
6.How do dogs help protect killer whales
A.By tracking their movements.
B.By detecting their droppings.
C.By monitoring their populations.
D.By analyzing the collected samples.
7.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 4
A.Wildlife products are popular in African countries.
B.Non-native species affect the survival of local wildlife.
C.Dogs are used to detect and prevent illegal wildlife trade.
D.Dogs can accurately locate the natural habitats of rare species.
8.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To appeal to people to protect biodiversity.
B.To report various environmental challenges.
C.To introduce dogs’ roles in conservation efforts.
D.To prove the conventional claim of dogs’ qualities.答 案
第一组
C
1.
答案D
2.
答案A
3.
答案A
4.
答案A
D
5.
答案B
6.
答案C
7.
答案D
8.
答案C
第二组
C
1.
答案B
2.
答案A
3.
答案B
4.
答案A
D
5.
答案A
6.
答案B
7.
答案C
8.
答案C

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