资源简介

(共20张PPT)
Unit 3 The Internet
Discovering Useful Structures
Identify the form and the function of the present perfect passive voice, and use it to describe the changes the Internet brings to our life;
Compare the present perfect passive voice with the active voice, and change the active form into the passive form;
Reflect on what we should do to reduce the negative impact of the Internet with the present perfect passive voice.
Learning objectives
Lead in
An enemy .
我方击杀了一名敌人
An ally .
我方队友被击杀
You .
你被击杀了
Our tower .
我方防御塔被摧毁
has been slained
has been slained
have been slained
has been destroyed
have been slained
现在完成时
被动语态
1. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
2. People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks.
3. Many people have been helped by the club.
4. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet.
Look and discuss what these sentences have in common.
现在完成时：have/ has + done
被动语态： be + done (V过去分词)
现在进行时的被动语态：主语 + have/has + been + done + (by…)
表完成
表被动
Read the pairs of sentences.
Underline and compare the different verb forms.
Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet.
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
The Internet has greatly improved Jan’s life.
People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
Passive Voice
Active Voice
have/has been done
have/has done
Differences in function
The doer of an action is unknown, not important or preferred not named.
It is more direct and often used. The doer of an action is the subject.
挑事儿：
If you think you're such a tough guy, then hit me.
You hit me!
Come and help me!
I was hit / beaten.
语态可以分为______和______，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系
主动
被动
主动语态变被动语态的原则
“三变”
“三不变”
原句意思不变
原句时态不变
原句主谓宾以外成分不变
原句主语 by的宾语
宾语 主语
谓语由主动 被动
被动语态
2016
1999
2003
Since QQ was born, it has made communication easier.
Since QQ was born,
communication
has been made
easier by it.
What changes have been brought by them
So far, Taobao has changed the way we shop.
TikTok has provided a more convenient way to watch videos.
So far, the way we shop has been changed by Taobao.
A more convenient way to watch videos has been provided by TikTok.
Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.
1. I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.
The software has been downloaded by me to help my phone battery last longer.
2. Someone has lost an identity card.
An identity card has been lost by someone
3. Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password
Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed by you
4. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file
Has the button been pressed by you to copy the file
5. Has anyone made a comment about the online database
Has any comment been made about the online database
现在完成时的被动语态
结构形式
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
主语 + have/has been done +其他
主语 + have/has not been done +其他
Have/Has +主语+ been done + 其他
特殊疑问词 have/Has +主语+ been done + 其他
现在完成时的被动语态
present(now)
future
past
表示 开始，一直持续到 的动作，还可能延续下去。
过去
现在
The dog has lived here since it was born.
The boy has lived with the dog for four years.
注：这类句子只用于延续性动词
for “持续”+一段时间，如three years, a long time…
since“自从”+过去的时间点/动作
A
B
时间状语
延续性动词
现在完成时的被动语态
表示 发生的或 的动作对 _____造成的 _________ 。
过去
已完成
现在
影响或结果
present(now)
future
past
工程已由李华完成了。(结果是现在不用做这项工作了)
The project has already been finished by Li Hua.
医生还没有被派出。(现在应派医生去治病救人了)
The doctor hasn't been sent for yet.
already 已经(肯定句) yet 已经（否定句或者疑问句）
recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起
ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经
so far 迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间
by now 到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里
in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里
常用的时间状语有：
常用于现在完成时的句型：
①一段时间+现在完成时+since从句（从句用一般过去时）
Ten years have passed since I graduated from university.
我大学毕业已有十年了。
②It/This the first/second/…time that sb. have/has done…
It is the third time that he has visited Harbin.
这是他第三次来哈尔滨。
③This/That/It is+形容词最高级+ n. + 定语从句（从句用现在完成时）
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
这是我读过的最有趣的书。
注意！
1. 现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别
The machine has been repaired.（说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响）
The machine is being repaired now.（说明动作正在进行）
The machine was repaired yesterday.（只说明动作发生在过去）
2. 非延续性动词，如 borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join,die等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。
例：工程已开始三个月了。
The project has been started for three months.
The project has been gone on for three months.


3. 并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如 happen, occur, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。
Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table.
Some of the best conversations have been happened around the dinner table.
4. 短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。
The patient has been taken good care.
--The patient has been taken good care of.


How has our life been changed by the Internet ？
Our lives greatly (change) by the Internet.we no longer have to wait in line or carry cash around when we go shopping，and Wechat pay&Alipay ha s already (use) to pay for goods and services lately.Mobile phones and telephones were mainly used for social communication before, while Social media apps hav e been downloade d(download) to do it nowadays.
Local newspaper was an important way of our access to information in the past, but now any news from anywhere in the world (update) up to the minute with a click or two.All kinds of malls and stores were frequently visited for shopping in the past, while more than 15 billion items (sell) on T-mall since 2014.
have been
changed
have
been used
have been
downloaded
has been updated
have been sold
What we should do to reduce the negative impact of the Internet
Health problems
PROBLEMS
SOlUTIONS
Fake news
Personal information
Cyberbully
Damage to social relationship
......
eg.
Personal information has been hidden so that we can protect our privacy.
Fake news ____________________(mix) with the real ones on the Internet.
Personal information________________________(leak) in some online activities.
Cyberbully_________________________(seen) more often nowadays.
It seems that more health problems _____________________(cause) by mobile phones.
The girl is upset because all her money_______________________(steal) from her account by a hacker.
Complete the sentences with the present perfect passive voice of the given verbs to talk about the drawbacks of the Internet.
have been mixed
has been leaked
has been seen
have been caused
has been stolen
Describe the changes that the Internet has brought to us.
现在完成时的被动语态
含义
结构
表示过去发生的被动动作现在已经完成或仍将持续,
强调对现在的影响
have/has been done
形式
肯定式
否定式
疑问式
have/has been done
have/has not been done
Have/Has+主语+been done
特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been done
用法
表示已经完成的被动动作
表示过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在
表示某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果
注意事项
动词短语不可分割也不可省略其中的介词和副词
不及物动词或词组无被动
Summary

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