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选择性必修四 Unit1-Unit5
课后基础测试
Unit 1 Science Fiction
一、核心词汇拓展
1.fiction n. 小说；虚构的事 → fictional adj. 虚构的；小说中的
2.predict v. 预测；预言 → prediction n. 预测；预言 → predictable adj. 可预测的
3.exist vi. 存在；实际上有 → existence n. 存在；生存 → existing adj. 现存的；目前的
4.indicate vt. 表明；显示；象征 → indication n. 迹象；指示
5.alarm n. 警报；惊恐 vt. 使惊恐；使担心 → alarmed adj. 惊恐的；担心的 → alarming adj. 令人惊恐的
6.reject vt. 拒绝接受；不予考虑 → rejection n. 拒绝；排斥
词汇拓展语法填空：
1.The novel is a work of _______ (fiction), but it reflects real social problems.
2.Weather experts have made a _______ (predict) that temperatures will rise sharply next week.
3.The _______ (exist) of life on other planets has not been confirmed yet.
4.There is no _______ (indicate) that the machine will break down soon.
5.Parents felt _______ (alarm) when they heard about the school accident.
二、核心短语识记
1.in advance 提前；预先 2.be addicted to 对……上瘾；沉迷于
3.keep in touch with 与……保持联系 4.take over 接管；接收；取代
5.break down 出故障；分解；垮掉 6.lose track of 与……失去联系
短语语法填空：
1.You should book tickets _______ advance if you want to see the exhibition.
2.Many teenagers are addicted _______ playing video games for hours.
3.Although we graduated years ago, we still keep _______ touch with each other.
4.Robots will probably take _______ many repetitive jobs in factories.
5.The old car broke _______ on the highway, causing a traffic jam.
三、经典句型运用
句型公式1：It is likely that... 很可能……
例：It is likely that robots will take over many dangerous jobs in the future.
很可能机器人将来会接管许多危险的工作。
翻译题： 很可能这部科幻小说会被改编成电影。
_________________________________________________________________________
句型公式2：as if / as though 引导方式状语从句（虚拟语气）
例：The machine acted as if it had emotions and could think independently.
这台机器表现得好像它有情感，能独立思考似的。
语法填空题： The android looked at me _______ it _______ (understand) my thoughts, but I knew it was just programmed to respond that way.
四、综合提升：语法填空
The rapid development of artificial intelligence has raised many questions about the future of human existence. Some scientists predict that AI 1. _______ (become) so advanced by 2050 that it 2. _______ (surpass) human intelligence in many fields. However, others argue that machines, 3. _______ they may seem intelligent, lack true consciousness and creativity.
Isaac Asimov, a master of science fiction, 4. _______ (write) about robots long before computers became common. In his stories, robots were often equipped with "positronic brains" and followed strict rules 5. _______ (protect) humans. What made his works 6. _______ (appeal) was not just the technology, but the moral dilemmas his characters faced.
Today, as we stand at the crossroads of technological revolution, we must ask ourselves: Will AI remain a tool 7. _______ serves humanity, or will it eventually replace us The answer 8. _______ (lie) not in the machines themselves, but in how we choose 9. _______ (develop) and regulate them. It is crucial that we 10. _______ (take) action now to ensure that technology improves rather than destroys our way of life.
Unit 2 Iconic Attractions
一、核心词汇拓展
1.iconic adj. 符号的；标志性的 → icon n. 偶像；图标；象征
2.attract vt. 吸引；引起……的兴趣 → attraction n. 吸引；有吸引力的事物 → attractive adj. 有吸引力的
3.amaze vt. 使惊奇；使惊愕 → amazed adj. 惊奇的；惊喜的 → amazing adj. 令人惊奇的
4.construct vt. 建造；创建 → construction n. 建造；建筑 → constructive adj. 建设性的
5.expand v. 扩大；增加；扩展 → expansion n. 扩大；扩展；膨胀
6.settle vi. & vt. 定居；结束（争论）；解决（纠纷）→ settlement n. 定居点；解决；协议
词汇拓展语法填空：
1.The Eiffel Tower has become an _______ (icon) symbol of Paris, recognized worldwide.
2.The ancient temple is one of the major tourist _______ (attract) in this region.
3.Visitors were completely _______ (amaze) by the grandeur of the Forbidden City.
4.The _______ (construct) of the suspension bridge took over six years to complete.
5.The rapid _______ (expand) of the city has threatened many historic buildings.
二、核心短语识记
1.be home to 是……的家园/所在地
2.date back to 追溯到；始于
3.in terms of 就……而言；在……方面
4.a range of 一系列；各种各样的
5.combine...with... 把……和……结合起来
6.leave a deep impression on 给……留下深刻印象
短语语法填空：
1.The small town is home _______ over fifty well-preserved ancient temples.
2.The castle dates back _______ the 12th century when it was built by local nobles.
3.In terms _______ architectural value, the cathedral ranks among the finest in Europe.
4.The museum shop offers a range _______ souvenirs for international tourists.
5.The architect cleverly combined modern materials _______ traditional designs.
三、经典句型运用
句型公式1：强调句 It is/was... that/who...
例：It was the Sydney Opera House that made me fall in love with Australian architecture.
正是悉尼歌剧院让我爱上了澳大利亚的建筑。
翻译题： 正是这些古老的建筑让这座城市如此独特。
____________________________________________________________________
句型公式2：分词作状语（Seeing/Hearing...）
例：Seeing the magnificent view from the top, the tourists couldn't help taking photos.
从山顶看到壮丽的景色，游客们忍不住拍起照来。
语法填空题： _______ (strike) by the beauty of the sunset over the Grand Canyon, the poet immediately sat down to write a poem.
强调句语法填空：
1.It was the Great Wall _______ attracted millions of visitors from all over the world.
2.It was in the Ming Dynasty _______ the construction of the Forbidden City began.
3.It was not until I climbed to the top _______ I appreciated the full beauty of the landscape.
4.It was with the help of local guides _______ we managed to explore the ancient ruins.
5.It was the unique combination of East and West _______ left the deepest impression on the architect.
四、综合提升：语法填空
Australia, a land of stunning contrasts, 1. _______ (be) home to some of the world's most iconic attractions. From the ancient red rocks of Uluru to the modern sails of the Sydney Opera House, the country offers 2. _______ unique blend of natural wonders and human creativity.
The Great Barrier Reef, 3. _______ (stretch) over 2,300 kilometers along the Queensland coast, is the largest coral reef system on Earth. It is so vast that it can 4. _______ (see) from outer space. However, climate change 5. _______ (pose) a serious threat to this delicate ecosystem. Scientists warn that if temperatures continue to rise, much of the reef 6. _______ (destroy) within decades.
What makes these attractions truly special is not just 7. _______ they look, but the stories they tell. Uluru, for example, is sacred to the local indigenous people, 8. _______ have lived in harmony with this land for over 30,000 years. For them, every rock formation and waterhole carries deep spiritual 9. _______ (significant).
As visitors, we should remember that we are not merely observers but participants in the preservation of these treasures. Only by respecting local cultures and protecting the environment 10. _______ we ensure that these iconic attractions remain for future generations.
Unit 3 Sea Exploration
一、核心词汇拓展
1.explore v. 探索；勘探；探究 → exploration n. 探索；探险 → explorer n. 探险家；勘探者
2.deep adj. 深的；深刻的 → depth n. 深（度）；深处
3.long adj. 长的；长久的 → length n. 长度；长短
4.wide adj. 宽的；广泛的 → width n. 宽度；广度
5.high adj. 高的；高级的 → height n. 高度；身高
6.strong adj. 强壮的；强烈的 → strength n. 力量；强度；优点
词汇拓展语法填空：
1.The spirit of human _______ (explore) has driven us to discover the unknown world beneath the waves.
2.The submarine dived to a _______ (deep) of over 6,000 meters to study the ocean floor.
3.The _______ (long) of the Great Barrier Reef extends over 2,300 kilometers along the coast.
4.Scientists measured the _______ (wide) of the underwater canyon using sonar technology.
5.The _______ (strong) of the ocean currents made the diving operation extremely challenging.
二、核心短语识记
1.set sail 起航；开航
2.in search of 寻找；搜寻
3.on board 在（船、飞机、火车等）上
4.run out of 用完；耗尽
5.in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时
6.owe...to... 把……归功于……；欠（某人）……
短语语法填空：
1.The research vessel set _______ from Shanghai on a six-month ocean expedition.
2.The team ventured into the Arctic waters _______ search of rare marine species.
3.All scientists _______ board must follow strict safety protocols during deep-sea dives.
4.The ship nearly ran _______ of fuel while navigating through the stormy Pacific.
5._______ the meantime, the crew on deck monitored the weather conditions constantly.
三、经典句型运用
句型公式1：Only + 状语置于句首引起的部分倒装
例：Only by working together can we protect our oceans for future generations.
只有通过共同努力，我们才能为后代保护我们的海洋。
翻译题： 只有当他潜入深海时，他才意识到海洋有多神秘。
________________________________________________________________
句型公式2：so...that... 如此……以至于……（so置于句首的部分倒装）
例：So dangerous was the voyage that many sailors lost their lives.
这次航行如此危险，以至于许多水手丧生。
语法填空题： _______ vast _______ the ocean is that we have only explored less than 5% of it.
Only倒装语法填空：
1.Only by using advanced submersibles _______ (can) scientists reach the deepest parts of the ocean.
2.Only when the storm had passed _______ the crew resume their exploration activities.
3.Only through international cooperation _______ we hope to solve the problem of ocean pollution.
4.Only after months of preparation _______ the research team ready to launch the underwater expedition.
5.Only if we take immediate action _______ (prevent) further damage to marine ecosystems.
四、综合提升：语法填空
The spirit of sea exploration 1. _______ (define) human history for thousands of years. From the ancient Polynesians who navigated the Pacific using only stars and waves, to modern scientists 2. _______ (map) the ocean floor with advanced technology, our curiosity about the deep has never faded.
The Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the world's oceans, 3. _______ (locate) in the western Pacific. It is so deep that if Mount Everest 4. _______ (place) at the bottom, its peak would still be over two kilometers below the surface. In 1960, Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh became the first humans 5. _______ (reach) the bottom, proving that such extremes could be conquered.
However, sea exploration is not just about 6. _______ (set) records. The ocean produces over half of the world's oxygen and absorbs vast amounts of carbon dioxide. Understanding these processes is essential 7. _______ we are to address climate change effectively. Moreover, marine ecosystems hold potential cures for diseases, with many new medicines 8. _______ (derive) from sea organisms.
Despite its importance, ocean exploration remains 9. _______ (challenge). The pressure at great depths is crushing, and the darkness is absolute. Yet, as one famous explorer once said, "We know more about the surface of the Moon than we do about the bottom of the sea." It is time we 10. _______ (change) this situation and unlocked the secrets of the deep.
Unit 4 Sharing
一、核心词汇拓展
1.volunteer n. 志愿者；志愿兵 v. 自愿做 → voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的 → voluntarily adv. 自愿地
2.adjust vi. & vt. 适应；调整；校准 → adjustment n. 调整；调节
3.participate vi. 参加；参与 → participation n. 参加；参与 → participant n. 参加者；参与者
4.operate vi. & vt. 工作；运转；操作 → operation n. 手术；操作；经营 → operator n. 操作员；接线员
5.deliver vt. 递送；发表；接生 → delivery n. 递送；分娩；演讲方式
6.benefit n. 益处；好处 vt. 使受益；得益于 → beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的
词汇拓展语法填空：
1.The organization relies entirely on _______ (volunteer) support to run its community programs.
2.Moving to a new country requires a significant period of _______ (adjust) for most people.
3.Active _______ (participate) in community service helps students develop a sense of responsibility.
4.The mobile clinic performs surgical _______ (operate) in remote villages twice a month.
5.Regular exercise proves highly _______ (benefit) to both physical and mental well-being.
二、核心短语识记
1.adapt to 适应（新情况） 2.be accustomed to 习惯于
3.in particular 尤其；特别 4.make a difference 有影响；起作用
5.be dying to 极想；渴望 6.hear from 收到……的来信/消息
短语语法填空：
1.It took the volunteers several weeks to adapt _______ the harsh conditions in the mountain village.
2.Having lived abroad for a decade, she is now accustomed _______ different cultural practices.
3.The charity focuses on education, girls' schooling _______ particular.
4.Even small donations can make a significant _______ to improving local healthcare facilities.
5.The children were dying _______ hear from their sponsor who had supported them for years.
三、经典句型运用
句型公式1：It is / was + 被强调部分 + that...（强调谓语动词时用 do/does/did）
例：It was through sharing that I truly understood the meaning of happiness.
正是通过分享，我才真正理解了幸福的含义。
翻译题： 她确实为这个项目付出了很多努力。
_________________________________________________________________
强调句语法填空：
1.It was the local villagers ______taught the volunteers how to farm sustainably.
2.It was not until the medical team arrived _______ the injured child received proper treatment.
3.It was through countless hours of practice _______ the young nurse mastered the delivery technique.
4.It was in the remote mountain clinic __Dr. Chen spent her most meaningful years.
5.The volunteers ____（do） realize how much their work mattered to the community.
句型公式2：not...until... 直到……才……（not until 置于句首的部分倒装）
例：Not until I worked in the village did I realize how little I knew about the world.
直到我在村子里工作，我才意识到自己对世界的了解是多么少。
语法填空题： _______ _______ he experienced life in the remote area _______ he began to appreciate what he had.
Not until倒装语法填空：
1.Not until she witnessed the poverty firsthand _______ she understand the urgency of their mission.
2.Not until the supplies arrived _______ the volunteers able to start the vaccination program.
3.Not until he adapted to local customs ______ he gain the trust of the villagers.
4.Not until the project was completed _______ they recognize the true impact of their sharing.
6.Not until we hear ___ the children we sponsored ____we feel completely at ease.
四、综合提升：语法填空
Joanna, a young graduate from a medical college, 1. _______ (decide) to spend a year volunteering in a rural clinic in Papua New Guinea. Nothing could have prepared her 2. _______ the challenges she would face. The living conditions were primitive: no running water, limited electricity, and insects everywhere. At first, she found it difficult 3. _______ (adapt) to such an environment.
However, what struck her most was not the hardship but the warmth of the local people. Despite having very little, they shared whatever they had. "4. _______ (give) is not about what you have, but about what you are willing to share," an elderly villager told her. This simple truth 5. _______ (transform) her perspective completely.
Joanna's daily routine involved treating minor injuries, delivering health education, and assisting with childbirths. She soon discovered that her work was making a real 6. _______ (different) to the community. Mothers who had previously been afraid to seek medical help now came to the clinic regularly, 7. _______ (know) they would be treated with respect and care.
The experience taught Joanna that true sharing goes beyond material things. It is about giving your time, your skills, and your heart. When she finally had to leave, the whole village gathered to see her off. "You have become part of us," the village chief said, tears 8. _______ (roll) down his weathered cheeks.
Back in her home country, Joanna continues to advocate for global health equality. She often speaks at schools, 9. _______ (encourage) young people to consider volunteering abroad. "The world 10. _______ (change) one small act of sharing at a time," she tells them. "And that act might be yours."
Unit 5 Launching Your Care
一、核心词汇拓展
1.launch vt. 发起；发动；上市；发射 → launcher n. 发射器；发射装置
2.career n. 职业；事业；生涯 → careerist n. 野心家；追求名利的人
3.qualify v. 取得资格；合格 → qualified adj. 有资格的；合格的 → qualification n. 资格；学历；限定条件
4.apply vi. & vt. 申请；请求；应用 → application n. 申请；应用；涂抹 → applicant n. 申请人
5.finance n. 财政；金融；资金 → financial adj. 财政的；金融的 → financier n. 金融家；理财家
6.motivate vt. 激励；激发 → motivation n. 动机；动力 → motivated adj. 有积极性的；有动机的
词汇拓展语法填空：
1.The company plans to _______ (launch) a new training program for fresh graduates next month.
2.To become a certified accountant, you need to obtain professional _______ (qualify) first.
3.The HR department received over 500 _______ (apply) for the marketing position.
4.The _______ (finance) sector offers numerous career opportunities for economics majors.
5.Strong self-___(motivate) is essential for success in a competitive workplace.
二、核心短语识记
1.apply for 申请；请求 2.be suited to 适合……
3.in charge of 负责；主管 4.get down to 开始认真处理；着手做
5.keep in mind 牢记；放在心上 6.look forward to 盼望；期待
短语语法填空：
1.After graduation, she decided to apply _______ a position at an international corporation.
2.His analytical skills make him well suited _______ a career in data science.
3.The senior manager _______ charge of the recruitment process will interview candidates next week.
4.Once the orientation ends, we should get down ___learning the practical skills.
5.Please keep _______ mind that punctuality makes a strong first impression.
三、经典句型运用
句型公式1：疑问词 + 不定式（what to do / how to do...）
例：The career advisor taught me how to write an impressive cover letter.
职业顾问教我如何写一封令人印象深刻的求职信。
翻译题： 我不知道选择哪所大学，也不知道如何准备面试。
______________________________________________________________
疑问词+不定式语法填空：
1.Many graduates struggle with _______ (decide) which career path to pursue.
2.The workshop will teach participants _______ (negotiate) salaries effectively.
3.She showed me _______ (format) my resume to catch the employer's attention.
4.Freshmen often wonder _______ (balance)academic work and extracurricular activities.
5.The mentor advised the intern _______ (handle) workplace conflicts professionally.
句型公式2：独立主格结构（with/without + 宾语 + 宾补）
例：With so many options available, young people often feel overwhelmed when choosing a career.
有这么多的选择，年轻人在选择职业时常常感到不知所措。
语法填空题： _______ her application _______ (submit), she began to prepare for the upcoming interview nervously.
独立主格语法填空：
1.With so many resumes _______ (submit), the hiring team faced a challenging selection process.
2.Without any prior experience _______ (list) on her CV, she worried about her competitiveness.
3.With the deadline __（approach), he stayed up all night to polish his portfolio.
4.With her qualifications _______ (recognize) internationally, she received offers from three countries.
5.Without a clear career goal _______ (define), many graduates drift between temporary jobs.
四、综合提升：语法填空
Choosing a career path is one of the most significant decisions a young person 1. _______ (make). With technology evolving at an unexpected pace, many traditional jobs are disappearing while entirely new professions are 2. _______ (create) overnight. How can one prepare for a future 3. _______ is so unpredictable
First, it is essential to develop a growth mindset. Rather than seeking a job that simply matches your current skills, look for one 4. _______ offers opportunities to learn and evolve. Remember that your first job does not have to be your forever job. Many successful professionals 5. _______ (switch) careers multiple times before finding their true calling.
Second, practical experience matters enormously. Internships, part-time jobs, and volunteer work provide insights that no textbook can offer. They not only help you understand what a particular field is really like but also enable you 6. _______ (build) valuable connections. As the saying goes, "It's not just what you know, 7. _______ who you know."
Third, never underestimate the power of soft munication, teamwork, and problem-solving abilities are highly sought after by employers across all industries. A candidate 8. _______ (possess) strong technical skills but lacking interpersonal abilities may struggle to advance in their career.
Finally, stay flexible and resilient. Rejection is part of the process—whether it's a declined application or a failed interview. What matters is 9. _______ you respond to these setbacks. Learn from them, adjust your approach, and keep moving forward. 10. _______ (launch) your career is not a single event but a journey of continuous exploration and self-discovery.
参考答案
Unit 1 Science Fiction
一、核心词汇拓展
答案： 1. fiction 2. prediction 3. existence 4. indication 5. alarmed
二、核心短语识记
答案： 1. in 2. to 3. in 4. over 5. down
三、经典句型运用
It is likely that this science fiction novel will be adapted into a film.
as if / as though; understood（与现在事实相反，用一般过去时）
四、综合提升：语法填空
答案：
will have become 2. will surpass 3. although/though 4. wrote 5. to protect 6. appealing 7. that/which 8. lies 9. to develop 10. (should) take
Unit 2 Iconic Attractions
一、核心词汇拓展
答案： 1. iconic 2. attractions 3. amazed 4. construction 5. expansion
二、核心短语识记
答案： 1. to 2. to 3. of 4. of 5. with
三、经典句型运用
It is these ancient buildings that make the city so unique.
Struck（过去分词表被动，"被……打动"）
答案： 1. that 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. that
四、综合提升：语法填空
答案：
is 2. a 3. stretching 4. be seen 5. is posing 6. will be destroyed 7. how 8. who 9. significance 10. can
Unit 3 Sea Exploration
一、核心词汇拓展
答案： 1. exploration 2. depth 3. length 4. width 5. strength
二、核心短语识记
答案： 1. sail 2. in 3. on 4. out 5. In
三、经典句型运用
Only when he dived into the deep sea did he realize how mysterious the ocean was.
So; is（"So + adj. + 主语 + 谓语" 部分倒装结构）
答案： 1. can 2. did 3. can 4. was 5. can we prevent
四、综合提升：语法填空
答案：
has defined 2. mapping 3. is located 4. were placed 5. to reach 6. setting 7. if 8. derived 9. challenging 10. changed/should change
Unit 4 Sharing
一、核心词汇拓展
答案： 1. voluntary 2. adjustment 3. participation 4. operations 5. beneficial
二、核心短语识记
答案： 1. to 2. to 3. in 4. difference 5. to
三、经典句型运用
She did make great efforts for this project.（强调谓语动词）
Not until; did（Not until 置于句首，主句部分倒装）
强调句练习答案： 1. that/who 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. did
not until 倒装答案： 1. did 2. were 3. did 4. did 5. from; can
四、综合提升：语法填空
答案：
decided 2. for 3. to adapt 4. Giving 5. transformed 6. difference 7. knowing 8. rolling 9. encouraging 10. is changed
Unit 5 Sharing
一、核心词汇拓展
答案： 1. launch 2. qualifications 3. applications 4. financial 5. motivation
二、核心短语识记
答案： 1. for 2. to 3. in 4. to 5. in
三、经典句型运用
I don't know which university to choose or how to prepare for the interview.
With; submitted（with + 宾语 + 过去分词，表示"申请已被提交"）
疑问词+不定式语法填空答案： 1. deciding 2. how to negotiate 3. how to format 4. how to balance 5. how to handle
答案： 1. submitted 2. listed 3. approaching 4. recognized 5. defined
四、综合提升：语法填空
答案：
will make 2. being created 3. that/which 4. that/which 5. have switched 6. to build 7. but 8. possessing 9. how 10. Launching

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