资源简介

(共34张PPT)
UNIT 3　FASCINATING PARKS
(单元主题语境：人与自然——引人入胜的公园)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
动词-ing形式作主语
一、定义
动词 -ing形式由“动词原形＋-ing”构成，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和(宾语)补(足)语。
二、动词 -ing形式的时态和语态
[感知]
1．Having a sense of responsibility is key to our success.
有责任感是我们成功的关键。
2．Having received so much generosity，Flores and her girls were deeply moved.
得到如此多的慷慨相助，弗洛雷斯和她的女儿们都深受感动。
3．We congratulate you on your remarkable achievements of being awarded two gold medals and one silver medal as well as being admitted to Stanford University.
祝贺你获得两枚金牌和一枚银牌的优异成绩，并被斯坦福大学录取。
4．Having been told the whole thing，Miss Shock welcomed Julie into her house.
得知这一切后，肖克小姐欢迎朱莉到她家里来。
[探究]
1．句1中Having a sense of responsibility在句中作_____，是动词- ing形式的一般式。
2．句2中Having received so much generosity在句中作____，是动词- ing形式的完成式。
3．句3中being awarded two gold medals and one silver medal和being admitted to Stanford University在句中作____，是动词- ing形式的被动式。
4．句4中Having been told the whole thing在句中作_____，是动词- ing形式的被动完成式。
主语
状语
宾语
状语
[归纳]
　　语态
时态　 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1．_________ (help) the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance，and the industry is playing its part.
2．Eating junk food，lacking exercise and ____________(addict) to online games still exist among teenagers，which are bad for their health.
Helping
being addicted
3．全力以赴之后，我最终在比赛中获得了第一名。
_____________________，I won first prize in the contest eventually.
4．尽管福克斯自己在事故中也受了伤，但他仍然去救助了那个奄奄一息的男子。
Fox went to the aid of the dying man despite ______________________
________．
Having made every effort
having been injured in the
accident
三、动词 -ing形式作主语的几种情况
(一)动词-ing形式作主语
[感知]
1．Learning to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
学习批判性思考是当今孩子们未来需要的一项重要技能。
2．Painting and collecting stamps are his hobbies.
绘画和集邮是他的爱好。
3．Being educated in Peking University is her dream.
在北京大学接受教育是她的梦想。
[探究]
1．句1中Learning to think critically作主语，谓语动词是___。
2．句2中Painting and collecting stamps作主语，谓语动词是_____。
3．句3中Being educated作主语，是动词 -ing形式的____语态。
is
are
被动
[归纳]
1．动词 -ing 形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
2．动词 -ing形式作主语时，根据主谓一致的原则，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。但是意义不同的两个动词- ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
3．如果作主语的动词表示被动意义，那么使用其being done的形式作主语。
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Taking responsibility for mistakes ___(be) a positive step，but don't beat yourself up about them.
2．In an urgent situation，_______ (come) together is kind of a normal deal for humans.
3．_______ (write) something in English every day，such as keeping diaries，has greatly improved my writing skill.
is
coming
Writing
4．过低碳生活对社会有益。
____________________can be beneficial to the society.
5．多吃水果和多喝水对我们的健康有很大的帮助。
Eating more fruit and drinking more water ________________________．
Living a low carbon life
are of great help to our health
(二)用形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语
[感知]
1．It is a waste of time crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收，悔亦无益。
2．It is no use reciting the text without understanding it.
只背诵课文而不理解它是没有用的。
3．It is hardly worth/worthwhile reading that book.
那本书几乎不值得读。
4．It is worth/worthwhile protecting the woods in the area.
保护这个地区的森林是值得的。
[探究]
以上例句中，形式主语____代替动词- ing形式作主语。
It
[归纳]
it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词 -ing形式。主要用于下列句型中：
①It be no use/useless doing ...做……无用。
②It be no good/pleasure/fun doing ...做……没有好处/乐趣。
③It be a waste of time doing ...做……浪费时间。
④It be worth/worthwhile doing ...做……是值得的。
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1．It is no good _________(learn) without practice.
2．____ is worth mentioning that our volleyball team won the championship twice in national middle school volleyball matches.
3．It's ____________(use) trying to persuade him to get rid of that habit; he just can't make it.
learning
It
useless/no use
4．其他人反对网上交友，因为他们认为网上聊天是在浪费时间。
Others are against making friends online as they think that __________
____________________．
it is a waste
of time chatting online
(三)动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语
[感知]
1．His being late made his friends very angry.
他的迟到让朋友们很生气。
2．Kate's leaving made everyone sad.
凯特的离开让每个人都很伤心。
[探究]
1．句1和句2用动词- ing形式的复合结构作主语。
2．句1中____是形容词性物主代词；句2中______是名词所有格。
His
Kate's
[归纳]
动词 -ing形式的复合结构作主语有两种形式：
①形容词性物主代词＋动词 -ing形式。
②名词所有格＋动词 -ing形式。
动词-ing形式的复合结构的否定形式为“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词＋not doing”。
②在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动词-ing形式的复合结构的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1．____ (he) failing in the examination made his parents disappointed.
2．我的女儿睡得很晚，令我很担心。
_________________________worried me very much.
3．约翰的到来将会使我们脱离困境。
________________will get us out of trouble.
His
My daughter's staying up late
John's coming here
(四)动词-ing形式作主语和动词不定式作主语的区别
[感知]
1．Volunteering just feels so good.
做志愿工作感觉真好。
2．Singing is my hobby，and to sing at my friend's birthday party is my dream.
唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日派对上唱歌是我的梦想。
3．In India and the Middle East，it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.
在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。
[探究]
1．句1和句2中动词-ing形式Volunteering和Singing作主语，多表示
_____________________的行为。
2．句2中不定式to sing作主语，多表示一次性或具体某一次的动作。
3．句3中用it作形式主语，不定式短语to eat with your left hand作真正的主语。
一般性/经常性/习惯性
[归纳]
1．动词-ing形式和动词不定式都可以作主语。区别在于：动词-ing 形式作主语时，常表示比较抽象的或一般性的行为；动词不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
2．动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语。
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1．_________ (collect) information is very important to a businessman.
2．After classes，it's a daily routine ______(take) and upload a picture of my homework after I finish it.
Collecting
to take
3．通常，包饺子是一个重要的部分，它增加了节日的气氛。
Typically，______________________________，which adds to the festive atmosphere.
4．就我而言，我认为保持均衡和健康的饮食很重要。
As far as I'm concerned，I think ______________________________
___________．
making dumplings is an important part
it is important to keep a balanced and
healthy diet
用所给词的适当形式填空
Although we can't be sure exactly when music came into our life，scientists do know something about why we listen to music.1.________ (listen) to music benefits us in many ways.
A study shows a child 2.________ (play) the piano has significantly increasing IQ and better academic performance.3._______ (take) exercise and listening to music can go hand in hand.For example，4._______ (run) to your favorite music can increase your physical performance during a tough
Listening
playing
Taking
running
session.If you focus on your favorite music，5._________ (ignore) that you've just run an extra mile is common.Another finding is that music can help you remember information better.Trying 6.___________ (memorize) English words seems easy for you while you are listening to soft music.What's more，it is reported that over 30% of Americans suffer from sleeping problems.A study indicated that students who listened to light music for 45 minutes before 7.______ (go) to sleep got better sleep than students who didn't.
ignoring
to memorize
going
If you feel upset and have trouble 8.________ (calm) down，listen to what you enjoy.It'll probably help you relax.At least，it'll put you in a better mood.
calming

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