资源简介

(共39张PPT)
UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
(单元主题语境：人与社会——肢体语言的交际意义)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
动词-ing形式作宾语和表语
动词-ing形式位于及物动词或介词后作宾语，也可位于系动词后作表语。
一、动词-ing形式作宾语
(一)作动词宾语
[感知]
1．(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.
为了避免惹恼你的同伴，使用筷子的方式很重要。
2．Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.
许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听轻松的音乐。
3．He admitted referring to his notes in the exam.
他承认在考试中查阅了笔记。
4．She can't stand being looked down upon in public.
她不能忍受在公共场合被人看不起。
5．Would you mind opening the window
你介意打开窗户吗？
[探究]
以上例句中，动词avoid、enjoy、admit、stand、mind后通常用
____________作宾语。
动词-ing形式
[归纳]
有些动词(或动词短语)后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语，这类动词(或动词短语)有：
avoid，miss，delay/put off(避免错过少延期)
advise，finish，practise(建议完成多练习)
enjoy，imagine，can't help，appreciate(喜爱想象禁不住欣赏)
admit，deny，envy(承认否定与嫉妒)
escape，risk，excuse(逃避冒险莫原谅)
stand，keep，mind(忍受保持不介意)
[即练]
单句填空
1．(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up(安排) early to avoid ________ (miss) the moment I am attempting to photograph.
2．(2022·全国甲卷)He is right，but I can't help _______ (wish) they would keep those old ferries.
missing
wishing
3．She can't stand ________ (keep) waiting so long.
4．My friend and I appreciate ______ (have) the opportunity to study abroad.
5．It is easier to avoid a discussion，but risking ______ (talk) about it may eventually lead to a better outcome.
keeping
having
talking
(二)作介词宾语
[感知]
1．Anneke understands how fear can get in the way of so many things people dream of doing.
安妮克明白恐惧是如何阻碍人们去做很多梦想着去做的事情的。
2．She didn't feel like making cakes with no one to try them.
她不想在没人吃的情况下做蛋糕。
3．He documented his journey as he set about treating nature a brand to be marketed to young people.
他记录了他的旅程，他开始把自然当作一个品牌来推销给年轻人。
4．I insist on listening to or speaking English for 20 minutes every day.
我坚持每天听或说英语20分钟。
5．His relationship with John made him look forward to helping more kids.
他和约翰的关系使他期待着帮助更多的孩子。
6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.
大卫患有脑部疾病，使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校里，他的同学们都把他当作一个普通的孩子。
7．She had trouble in deciding on her writing style.
她很难决定自己的写作风格。
8．There is no point (in) giving him such a good chance.
给他提供一个这么好的机会没有意义。
9．He is always busy (in) working every day，which has made him have little time to play with his child.
他每天总是忙于工作，这使他很少有时间和他的孩子一起玩。
[探究]
句1、2、3、4中，动词-ing形式在句中分别作介词___、_____、______和____的宾语；句5中look forward to的to是___词；句8、9都省略了介词___。
of
like
about
on
介
in
[归纳]
1．在下面的短语中，常用动词-ing形式作介词的宾语：be good at，dream of，care about，be concerned about，be interested in，feel like，insist on，think of，aim at，set about，be used to(习惯于)，get down to(开始做)，lead to(导致)，devote oneself to(献身于)，look forward to，stick to(坚持)，pay attention to(注意)，contribute to(捐助；贡献)，keep to(坚持；遵守)，turn to(求助于)，give up，be equal to(胜任的；等于)，adjust oneself to (调整以适应)，object to(反对；抗议)。
2．在下面的结构中，动词-ing形式作介词的宾语时，介词经常省略。
spend ...(in) doing sth花费……做某事
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing ...做……有困难/麻烦
stop/prevent ...(from)doing sth阻止……做某事
waste time (in) doing sth浪费时间做某事
be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事
have a hard time (in) doing sth费了很大劲做某事
There is no point (in) doing sth.做某事毫无意义。
[即练]
单句填空
1．That was because he had got used to ______ (live) in a big city.
2．(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to __________(witness) sunrises，the whole experience was amazing.
3．Because of the bad weather，they have to give up _______(go) out for a picnic tomorrow.
4．He devotes himself to __________(improve) his writing skills.
5．She likes spending much money _______(buy) clothes for herself.
living
witnessing
going
improving
buying
(三)动词-ing形式作宾语时的几种特殊情况
[感知]
1．Would you mind my/me eating the cake
你介意我吃这块蛋糕吗？
2．Would you mind Mary's/Mary riding the bike
你介意玛丽骑自行车吗？
3．They continued discussing/to discuss the plan after having a rest.
休息了一会后，他们继续讨论这项计划。
4．I love walking with my friend on sunny days.
我喜欢和我的朋友在阳光明媚的日子里散步。
5．It is a pleasant day today，so I love to have a walk with my friend.
今天是一个令人愉快的日子，所以我想和我的朋友一起散散步。
6．He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯。
7．The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还亮着。他忘记关了。
8．I found it useless/no use arguing about it.
我发现争论这件事没有用。
9．The house requires repairing.＝The house requires to be repaired.
这栋房子需要修缮。
10．The film is worth seeing a second time.
这部电影值得再看一次。
[探究]
1．句1中eating前加上其逻辑主语——人称代词_______。
2．句2中riding前加上其逻辑主语——名词(所有格)_____________ 。
3．句3中continued后既可跟不定式，又可跟动词-ing形式作宾语，意义基本相同。
4．句4、5中love后分别跟动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语，___________表示经常性的情况；_______表示具体的动作。
my/me
Mary's/Mary
动词-ing形式
不定式
5．句6、7中forget后分别跟动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语，意义有很大差别。
6．句8中___作形式宾语，______________是真正的宾语。
7．句9中，在require后，repairing是主动形式表示被动含义，相当于不定式的 ___________。
8．句10中，在be worth后，seeing是主动形式表示______含义。
it
arguing about it
to be repaired
被动
2．某些动词(短语)后既可以跟不定式，也可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语。
(1)动词begin、start、continue等后既可跟不定式，也可跟动词-ing形式作宾语，意义基本相同。
(2)动词love、like、hate等后可跟动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语，但表意稍有区别：接动词-ing形式表示经常性的情况，接不定式表示具体某一次的动作。
3．it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词-ing形式，结构如下：
主语＋think/consider/find/feel/believe/...＋it＋useless/no use/no good/...＋doing ...
4．一些动词如need、require、want、deserve等后，用动词-ing形式表示被动含义，即need/require/want/deserve doing＝need/require/want/deserve to be done。
5．在(be) worth(表示值得做某事)后面只能用动词-ing形式来表示被动含义。例如：
The book is worth reading.
那本书值得一读。
动词-ing形式的复合结构的否定形式：“形容词性物主代词/代词(宾格)/名词(宾格)/名词所有格＋not doing ...” 例如：
She never complained about his not arriving in time.
她从不抱怨他没有及时到达。
[即练]
单句填空/同义句改写
1．(2023·浙江1月卷)I remember __________(show) my parents a video of Bea Johnson，sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars，and have so little trash!
2．You can't help __________(wonder) how hard it was for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
3．Most of us think it no use _________(fight) against each other.
showing
wondering
fighting
4．Thus，it may be worth ________ (bring) up issues with your friends，family members，or classmates rather than holding them back.
5．You didn't deserve to be treated that way，and nobody else does either.
→You didn't _____________________，and nobody else does either.
bringing
deserve treating that way
二、动词-ing形式作表语
[感知]
1．Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
她的工作是尽可能保持演讲厅的干净。
2．That is not playing the game.
那不是在玩游戏。
3．Although the job was very tiring，I was very happy in my heart for I learnt something from my work.
虽然工作很累，但我心里很高兴，因为我从工作中学到了一些东西。
4．The present situation is encouraging.
目前的形势令人振奋。
[探究]
1．句1中keeping在系动词 ___后作表语；句2中not playing是动词-ing形式的_________，在系动词 ____后作表语。
2．句3中tiring在系动词_____后作表语；句4中encouraging在系动词
___后作表语。
is
否定形式
is
was
is
[归纳]
1．当动词-ing形式用作表语时，该结构兼具动词、名词或形容词的特征。
2．动词-ing形式作表语，总是跟在系动词之后，构成复合谓语。
3．动词-ing形式作表语，有时相当于一个形容词，表示主语的性质或状态。如句3、4中的tiring，encouraging。
(1)区分动词-ing形式作表语和现在进行时态：
例如：
①His job is cleaning the classroom.(动词-ing形式在系动词is后作表语)
他的工作是打扫教室。
②He is cleaning the classroom.(和be动词一起构成谓语；表示现在进行的动作)
他正在打扫教室。
(2)动词-ing形式(短语)和不定式(短语)都能用作主语或表语，区别在于：
表示比较抽象、一般的行为，不跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用动词-ing形式(短语)；表示具体某次行为，特别是将来的行为，往往跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用不定式(短语)。例如：
①Our job is building houses.(泛指经常性、一般的行为)
我们的工作是盖房子。
②Our main task now is to build this house.(特指特定的、具体某次行为)
我们现在的主要任务是盖这栋房子。
(3)动词-ing形式作表语时，有些已经形容词化，可以用副词修饰，也可以用比较级形式。常见的有boring、astonishing、annoying、amazing、amusing、charming等。系动词除be外，还可用appear、sound、look、become、come、get、go、grow、keep、remain、seem等。例如：
What he says sounds more convincing.
他说的话听起来更有说服力。
[即练]
单句填空
1．The real problem is ________(get) to know the needs of the customers.
2．The woman's suggestion is ________(take) a short cut home.
3．All this looked __________(charm)，but the old lady could not see well，and so had no pleasure in them.
4．Part of this job was ________(select) students who had volunteered to be subjects for our project.
getting
taking
charming
to select
用所给词的适当形式填空
Chinese artist Wu Guanzhong is known for his paintings by 1._______ (use) oils(油彩) and the more traditional Chinese method—ink.According to Wu Guanzhong，he enjoyed 2.________ (combine) Western principles of art with Chinese spirit，and his passion was 3.________ (seek) a point at which the two could meet.To him，the important value of an artwork was
using
combining
to seek
4._________ (reflect) the art within the life of Chinese people and express love and responsibility to his motherland.Wu Guanzhong remained interested in 5.__________ (explore) ways of expression，with his style developing throughout his career.His life's work is now 6._______ (inspire) artists not only in China but across the world.
to reflect
exploring
inspiring

展开更多......

收起↑