资源简介

(共27张PPT)
UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
(单元主题语境：人与自然——农业生产)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
主语从句
一、定义
[感知]
1．Jim is good at playing the piano.
2．To see is to believe.
3．Smoking is bad for health.
4．What he has said is true.
5．Whether they would support us was still a problem.
[探究]
1．在英语中，句子的主语可以由_____、____、___________、
____________或一个_____来充当。
2．一个从句在句子中充当主语时，要用适当的________来引导。
名词
代词
动词不定式
动词-ing形式
从句
连接词
[归纳]
如果一个从句在句子中充当主语，那么这个从句就是主语从句。
主语从句通常放在主句的谓语动词之前，但有时也用it作句子的形式主语，而把从句放到句子的末尾。例如：
Is it true that he is the girl's father
他真的是那个女孩的父亲吗？
[即练]
用下画线标出下列句子的主语
1．_________________________________ makes no difference to me.
2．________________________ hasn't been decided.
3．________________ hasn't been decided.
4．____________________________ is not known.
5．___ is a pity ____________________________．
Who will be invited to attend the party
Which book I shall choose
When we will leave
Where the meeting will be held
It
that she has made such a mistake
二、连接词
[感知]
1．What we need is more water.
我们需要的是更多的水。
2．Whether we can arrive there on time depends on the traffic.
我们是否能按时到达那里视交通情况而定。
3．When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
延误的航班什么时候起飞主要取决于天气状况。
4．Why the man hadn't reported the accident sooner was never clear.
现在还不清楚那个人为什么不早点报告那起事故。
5．Who the letter was from is still unknown.
这封信是谁寄的尚不清楚。
6．That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.
你即将来伦敦的消息是这么久以来我听到的最好的消息。
[探究]
1．句1中连接代词What在从句中作______的宾语。
2．句2中从属连词Whether意为“_____”，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。
3．句3中连接副词When在从句中作_____状语。
4．句4中连接副词Why在从句中作_____状语。
5．句5中连接代词Who在从句中作介词_____的宾语。
6．句6中从属连词_____无意义，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用，但不能省略。
need
是否
时间
原因
from
That
[归纳]
名称 类别 用法与区别
从属
连词 that 只起连接作用，本身无意义，不充当任何成分，但不能省略。
whether 意为“是否”，只起连接作用，不作成分。
连接
代词 what，who，whom，whose，which，whatever，whoever，whichever等 在主语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
连接
副词 when，where，how，why等 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。
主语从句的连接词的选择需要根据连接词在从句中所作的语法成分及其意义来决定。例如，使用连接代词what时，从句一定缺少主语、宾语或者表语。
[即练]
用适当的连接词填空
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)__________ grade the team received would be shared by both students.
2．It was not fair _____I had to contribute my money.
3．It is suggested ____we should eat more vegetables and do more exercise.
Whatever
that
that
4．_________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
5．____________ we will decorate the house this year has nothing to do with you.
Whether
How/Whether
三、it作形式主语的几种情况
[感知]
1．It is very important that a student (should) learn English well.
学生学好英语很重要。
2．It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
有人建议会议延期召开。
3．It seems that friendships can also exist between dogs and horses.
狗和马之间似乎也存在友谊。
4．It is no wonder that your students have made such great progress.
难怪你的学生们进步这么大。
[探究]
1．句1句式为“______________________________”。
2．句2句式为“______________________________”。
3．句3句式为“___________________________”。
4．句4句式为“__________________________”。
It＋系动词＋形容词＋主语从句．
It＋系动词＋过去分词＋主语从句．
It＋不及物动词＋主语从句．
It＋系动词＋名词＋主语从句．
[归纳]
句型 用法
It＋系动词＋形容词＋主语从句． 常用于此句型的形容词有important，likely/unlikely，possible，necessary，natural，wrong等。
It＋系动词＋名词＋主语从句． 常用于此句型的名词有a fact，an idea，an honour，a wonder，no wonder，a pity等。
It＋系动词＋过去分词＋主语从句． 常用于此句型的过去分词有known，proved，said，reported，predicted，decided，suggested，thought等。
It＋不及物动词＋主语从句． 常用于此句型的不及物动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。
①在句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句．”中，过去分词若为suggested，ordered，required，advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”形式。
②在句型“It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句．”中，若形容词为important，necessary，strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”形式。
[即练]
单句填空/句型转换
1．It's satisfying _____he has set out to prepare for the coming exam.
2．It doesn't matter ________you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
3．___ was also very important that they should remember not to be greedy.
4．In gift shops，many tourists are likely to pass by what may be a symbol of Portugal: swallows made of glass.
→In gift shops，_________________________ would pass by what may be a symbol of Portugal: swallows made of glass.(it作形式主语)
that
whether
It
it is likely that many tourists
5．The camera was said to have passed down from her father and she cherished it a lot.
→__________________________________________________ and she cherished it a lot.(it作形式主语)
It was said that the camera was passed down from her father
四、主语从句的注意事项
[感知]
1．What they need are books.
他们需要的是书。
2．When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.
他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
3．Whether genetically-modified food does us harm remains to be seen.
＝It remains to be seen whether/if genetically-modified food does us harm.(宾语从句)
转基因食物是否对我们有害仍有待观察。
4．What caused the accident was that a man was lying on the ground.
引起这起事故的是“一个男人正躺在地上”这个事实。
5．That she was at the entrance to the cinema then was a big surprise to me.
她当时在电影院入口，这让我大吃一惊。
[探究]
1．句1中主句的谓语用的是 ____形式，与主句中作表语的名词 ______一致。
2．句2中and连接两个(主语)从句作主语，谓语动词用 _____形式。
3．句3中________引导主语从句，如果将此句转换为动词后的宾语从句，引导词whether和___可以互换。
4．句3、句4和句5中主句的谓语用的是_____形式。
复数
books
复数
whether
if
单数
[归纳]
1．从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式；但what和who引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
2．如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数形式。
3．主语从句中，必须用whether，不可替换为if。if仅适用于动词后的宾语从句(如I wonder if/whether...)，且不能用于主语从句、表语从句、介词后或动词不定式前。正式写作中优先用whether以避免歧义。
4．引导词that在主语从句中不充当句子成分，本身无意义，但不可以省略；what在主语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或者定语，有其具体的含义。
5．在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述语序。
[即练]
单句填空
1．Which student will win ___(be) uncertain.
2．_____________ you know about the matter must be kept secret.
3．______ he said is irrelevant(不相关的) to the topic we are discussing now.
4．_____ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
is
Whatever/What
What
How
5．It is common knowledge _____honey bees can communicate with each other.
6．When and _______we will have the sports meeting hasn't been decided yet.
7．_____________ we can have clean drinking water lies in what measures are taken.
that
where
When/Whether
用正确的名词性从句连接词填空
I am going to tell you 1._____ happened in my restaurant today.
This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant.It was unknown 2.______ he was from.We wondered 3.___ he was so hungry.4.____ surprised us was that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.5._____ the man was able to pay the bill made us surprised.The gentleman asked 6.__________ we would mind waiting for just a few minutes.Then it was shocking 7.______ he took out of an envelope—a million pound bank note.
what
where
why
What
That
if/whether
that
I asked Mr Clements 8._________ it was genuine.Mr Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year.He thought 9._____ the gentleman showed them couldn't be a fake.
10．_____ a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there.I really couldn't describe how excited I was.
if/whether
what
Why

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