资源简介

(共62张PPT)
UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
(单元主题语境：人与自然——农业生产)
Section Ⅲ　Using Language ＆ Other Parts
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．_______ adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的
2．______ n．炸弹vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹
3．______ n．地下通道；地道；隧道
4．______ n．小麦；小麦籽
5．______ n．味道；特点；特色
6．_______ n．肥料
7．________ vt.减轻；缓解
8．______ n．贫穷；贫困
urban
bomb
tunnel
wheat
flavour
fertiliser
alleviate
poverty
9．_________ n．杀虫剂；除害药物
10．____________ adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
11．_________ n．细菌
12．_________ n．可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的
13．________ n．食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货
14．_______ n．例子；实例；事例
15．_____ n．根；根茎；根部；根源
16．______ n．方面；层面
17．______ n．一批；一组 vt.分批处理
pesticide
widespread
bacterium
alternative
grocery
instance
root
aspect
batch
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．extend v．扩展；扩大；延长→________ n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extended adj.延长了的；扩展了的
2．________ adj.与化学有关的；化学的n.化学制品；化学品→chemistry n．化学→chemist n.化学家；药房；药剂师
3．_______ adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的→organ n．(人体或动植物的)器官→organism n．生物；有机体；有机组织
4．nutrient n．养分，营养物→________ n．营养；滋养→_________ adj.营养(物)的→__________ adj.有营养的；营养丰富的
extension
chemical
organic
nutrition
nutritional
nutritious
5．______ vt.& vi.消化vt.领会；领悟 n．摘要；文摘→digestion n．消化，消化系统→digestive adj.和消化相关的；消化的
6．________ adj.完全必要的；极其重要的→essentially adv.本质上；根本上；基本上
7．_______ n．矿物；矿物质→mine n．矿 v．采矿→miner n．矿工→mining n．采矿；采矿业
8．______ n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的→_____ adv.非常；深刻地；强烈地→deepen v．加深；加强
9．entire adj.全部的，整个的；完全的→_______ adv.全部地；完整地；完全地
digest
essential
mineral
depth
deeply
entirely
名词加后缀-al构成形容词，后缀-al表示“……的，与……有关的”。
nutrition→nutritional(营养的)
culture→cultural(文化的)
education→educational(与教育有关的)
person→personal(私人的)
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．例如；比如____________
2．在使用_______
3．相应地；转而；依次；轮流______
4．关于；至于_____
5．be rich in_____
6．as well_______
for instance
in use
in turn
as for
富含
也；还
7．switch to_____________
8．turn to_______________
9．focus on_________________________
10．(keep/be) free of sth___________________________________
11．keep ...from doing ... ___________________
转到；转换到
转向；求助于
集中(注意力、精力等)于
免受影响(或伤害等)的；不含有害物的
阻止……做……
Ⅳ.重点句式
1．句型：not only ...but (also) ...不仅……而且……
教材原句：For example，pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects，but also helpful ones.
翻译：_______________________________________________________
___________________
例如，农药在杀灭病菌和害虫的同时也会杀灭有益的细菌和昆
虫，从而破坏土地。
2．句型：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材原句：This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals.
翻译：______________________________________
3．句型：现在分词(短语)作结果状语
教材原句：Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground，making it ready for the next batch of crops.
翻译：______________________________________________________
_________________________
这使他们农田里的土壤矿物质含量更丰富。
种植不同作物的原因是这些作物把重要的矿物质带回土壤，
使之适宜种植下一茬作物。
熟读精思 研读文本精华
Ⅰ.文本理解
语篇特征
This text is an expository writing(说明文).
文章架构
细节探究
1．Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers？(　　)
A.They can fight crop disease and increase production.
B．They harm both the land and people's health.
C．They can help produce rich soil.
D．They are not expensive.
2．What concerns many people about the use of pesticides？ (　　)
A．Pesticides can damage the land.
B．Chemicals can stay in the soil for a long time.
C．Pesticides can kill harmful bacteria and insects.
D.Chemicals may make people ill and even cause cancer.
3．Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in each field every few years？ (　　)
A．It can avoid using pesticides.
B．It can help increase output.
C．It can avoid damage to the environment.
D．It can help put minerals back into the ground.
4．What can we know from the passage？ (　　)
A.The chemicals in the soil will soon disappear.
B.Pesticides are of great benefit to helpful bacteria.
C．Crops grown with chemical fertilisers usually grow too fast.
D.Crops grown with chemical fertilisers can provide more essential minerals.
5．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？ (　　)
A.To urge the government to stop using pesticides.
B．To call on farmers to turn to organic farming.
C．To introduce some good ways to make the soil rich.
D．To give some advice on how to increase the output of crops.
答案：1.A　2.D　3.D　4.C　5.B
难句突破
1．Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground，making it ready for the next batch of crops.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。Why 引导主语从句；that引导表语从句；现在分词短语making it ready for the next batch of crops作结果状语。
翻译：______________________________________________________
_________________________
种植不同作物的原因是这些作物把重要的矿物质带回土壤，
使之适宜种植下一茬作物。
2．What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。What引导主语从句；that 引导同位语从句。
翻译：_______________________________________________________
他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求。
课文语法填空
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming 1._____ the middle of the 20th century，2.____ scientists have found that their long-term use sometimes does harm to both the land and people's health.In most countries，some 3.________ (pesticide)like DDT have been prohibited because of the damage caused to people and the environment.
since
but
pesticides
4．________ (solve) the problem，some farmers have switched to organic farming.They use natural waste from animals as fertiliser instead of artificial fertilisers.By 5._______ (do) so，they make the soil in their fields 6._______ (rich) in minerals than before.Many other methods are also used to produce rich soil.Farmers often change the kind of crop 7._______ (grow) in each field every year.In this way，some important minerals 8._______ (put) back into the ground.
To solve
doing
richer
grown
are put
Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture 9.________ (entire)，but organic farming can't serve the high demand for food around the world.So scientists have to find a 10.________
(suit) solution to the problem.
entirely
suitable
Ⅱ.教材续写积累
1．细节描写之故事进展——时间、人物、事件等要素信息
When they were first introduced，many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production.
[仿写]完成句子
①当彼得回到家里，被问及这双鞋的来历时，他全盘托出。
______________________and was asked about the origin of the shoes，Peter ___________________．
②最后，这一家人忍不住感谢老师在孩子最需要帮助的时候及时送来了温暖。
Finally，_________ couldn't help but __________________sending warmth in time when a child needed help most.
When Peter returned home
told the whole story
the family
thank the teacher for
2．细节描写之对比说明——选好角度、理清逻辑、用好连词或副词
They may look beautiful on the outside，but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals，and they often have less flavour as well.
[仿写]完成句子
①当我完成(比赛)并超过他时，他抬起头对我微笑，我也对他微笑。我累了；那是疲惫的微笑，但那是真正的微笑。
As I finished and passed him，he looked up and smiled at me and I smiled back.I was tired；it was a tired smile，___________________．
②虽然帮助她花费了我很多时间和精力，但我获得了相当大的满足和快乐。
_________________________________________，I gained considerable satisfaction and happiness.
but it was a real smile
Although I spent much time and energy helping her
互动探究 精研核心知识
1 harm vt.& n．损害；伤害
Over time，however，what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.
然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，长期使用农药和化肥有时会造成土地受损，还会危害人类的健康。
[要点突破]
[写作佳句]
Staring at the screen for a long time does harm to our eyes.
长时间盯着屏幕对我们的眼睛有害。
[学以致用]
单句填空/一句多译
①Some bacteria are ________(harm) to the human body and even help keep us healthy.
②Some experts say that music can be _________(harm) if it is too loud.
③所有这些坏习惯肯定会对我们的健康有害。
→All these bad habits will surely __________________．
→All these bad habits will surely ____________________．
harmless
harmful
do harm to our health
be harmful to our health
2 in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流
This affects the crops grown on the land and，in turn，the animals and humans who digest them.
这会影响种植在地里的作物，继而影响消化这些作物的动物和人类。
[要点突破]
[写作佳句]
Gradually，I began to make progress，which in turn boosted my confidence in maths.
渐渐地，我开始进步，这反过来也增强了我对数学的信心。
[学以致用]
单句填空/词汇升级/一句多译
①It's your turn ________ (clean) the room and wash the dishes.
②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I post my work on social media and，___ turn，have met some of the kindest people.
③Frustrated，I turned ___my head teacher and he offered me many insights.
④The woman had gone for an interview for a job as a teacher，but was refused because of behaving inappropriately. _______________
to clean
in
to
was turned down
⑤为了节省开支，我们轮流开车送孩子们去上学。
→In order to save money，we ______________the kids to school.(take turns)
→In order to save money，we ___________________________．
(by turns)
take turns to drive
drive the kids to school by turns
3 essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
They may look beautiful on the outside，but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals，and they often have less flavour as well.
它们或许表面好看，但里面含有的水分通常多于必需矿物质，并且味道也不太好。
[要点突破]
①be essential to/for ...对……很重要
②It is essential that ...(should) do ...做……是完全必要的/至关重要的。
③It is essential for sb to do ...对某人来说做……是完全必要的。
[写作佳句]
It is essential that everybody(should) get prepared for emergencies.
每个人为紧急情况做好准备是至关重要的。
句型“It is essential that ...”表示“……是完全必要的”，that引导的从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Sun and water are essential _______the growth of crops.
②It is essential for us _______(set) our goal realistically.
③你学习一些中国历史知识是很有必要的。
It is essential that ____________________________________________．
to/for
to set
you (should) learn some knowledge of Chinese history
④在面对紧急情况时保持镇静是很重要的。
______________we should keep calm when faced with emergencies.
⑤丰富多样的文化生活对这对夫妇而言是至关重要的。
A rich and various cultural life ______________this couple.
It is essential that
is essential for/to
4 alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
As an alternative，some farmers have switched to organic farming，and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.
作为一种替代方法，有些农民已经转向有机耕作，许多顾客在当地食品杂货店购物时也转而选择有机食品。
[要点突破]
①an alternative to ...……的替代物(to是介词)
②have no alternative but to do sth别无选择，只好做某事
③have the alternative of doing sth有做某事的选择
[写作佳句]
The boy knew that if he wanted to stand out among people，there was no shortcut or alternative but hard work.
这个男孩知道，如果他想在人群中脱颖而出，除了努力工作，没有捷径或替代性选择。
“别无选择，只好做某事”的其他表达
①have no choice but to do sth
②can't do sth but do sth
③can do nothing but do sth
注意：在以上结构中，若 but 之前出现实义动词do或do的某种形式(如does、did等)，but之后要用省略了to的不定式，否则，but之后的不定式不能省略to。
[学以致用]
单句填空/选词填空/完成句子
①(2023·浙江1月卷)Compared to other __________(alternative)，it's comfortable and relaxing to make a trip by rail.
②Shopping online is a convenient alternative ____driving to the store，because it helps save time.
③Scarcely had Bauer bounced off the sandy bottom safely when he could do nothing but _______(rush/to rush) to the girl.
alternatives
to
rush
④你可以在去留之间作出选择。
You __________________going or staying.
⑤他们需要养家糊口，别无选择，只能冒险。
They need to feed the family，and they ___________________________
______________．
have the alternative of
have no choice/alternative but
to take the risk
5 depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)
Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich.
有机耕作的农民也种植多种利用不同土壤深度的作物，以保持土壤肥沃。
[要点突破]
①in depth全面地；深入地
in the depth of ...在……深处
at a depth of ...深度为……
②deep adj.深的 adv.在深处；深深地
deep in thought陷入沉思
③deeply adv.很，非常；强烈地；深刻地
④deepen vi.& vt.加深，(使)变深 vt.增长(知识)；加深(理解)
[写作佳句]
He had been resting his head in his hands，deep in thought.
他双手撑着头，陷入了沉思。
作副词用时，deep和deeply都有“深深地，深切地”的意思。但deep常用来表示具体意义的“深度”，如sink deep、dig deep、study deep into the night、study deep into the subject等；当修饰带有感彩的动词时，如hate、dislike、love、admire、hurt、regret等，通常用deeply。另外，修饰形容词、过去分词等，一般也用deeply，表示抽象意义的“深度地”。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①In the _____ (deep) of my heart，I would keep these heartwarming moments forever.
②Reading can ______ (deep) their understanding of the events happening at home and abroad.
③_______ (deep) rooted in the social reality，his works describe the real-life experiences of various people.
depth
deepen
Deeply
④他怀着深深的感激之情告诉我，这些志愿者帮助他渡过了人生中最困难的时期。
___________________，he told me that the volunteers helped him through a most difficult period of his life.
⑤参观历史遗迹能使我们深入地品味我们的历史和文化。
Paying a visit to historic sites enables us to _________________________
_________．
Feeling deeply grateful
taste our history and culture
in depth
not only ...but (also) ... 不仅……而且……
For example，pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects，but also helpful ones.
例如，农药在杀灭病菌和害虫的同时也会杀灭有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。
[情境探究]
①Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food，but it also maintains the balance of nature.
海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，还维持着自然平衡。
②Through the exhibition，not only can you admire wonderful pictures，but you can also understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better.
通过展览，你不仅可以欣赏到精彩的绘画，还可以更好地了解中国传统绘画艺术。
[要点突破]
“not only ...but also ...”结构，表示“不但/不仅……而且……”，通常可以连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等，还可以连接两个并列的句子。具体用法如下：
①not only A but also B＝B as well as A
②“not only ...but also ...”连接两个分句时，若not only位于句首，not only所在的分句要部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装。
③“not only ...but also ...”连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。
④not only只能连用，而but also既可以连用，也可以分开，甚至also还可以省略。
“not only ...but also ...”结构，连接两个并列成分作主语时，其谓语的单复数通常与就近的主语的数保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。类似用法的结构还有“not ...but ...”“whether ...or ...”“neither ...nor ...”
“either ...or ...”等。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子/句式升级
①Not only Tom but also his classmates ____(be) coming to visit the museum.
②So，whoever you are，thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out，but ______(make) her day too.
are
made
③参观这次剪纸展览，我们不仅能欣赏到民间艺术作品，还能学到很多。
Visiting this paper-cutting exhibition，we will _______________________ _______________________．
④They not only provide abundant resources and food for us，but also are crucial for the global climate development.
→___________________________________________________，but they are also crucial for the global climate development.(改为倒装句)
not only enjoy the folk art
works，but also learn a lot
Not only do they provide abundant resources and food for us
单句填空/完成句子
①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The task John set for himself was to remove _________(harm) substances from some sludge(污泥).
②这个平台不仅为专业厨师保留，也为那些愿意发现新体验的人保留。
(2025·浙江1月卷)This platform is ________________________________，but also for those willing to discover new experiences.
harmful
not only reserved for professional cooks
③这些特质反过来又被映射到被赋予性别的产品上。
(2025·浙江1月卷)These qualities，_______，are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender.
④首先，共享单车已经成为城市出行的象征，为短途旅行提供了一种经济实惠、绿色环保的选择。
(2024·全国甲卷)Firstly，shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility，offering an affordable and green _____________________．
in turn
alternative for short trips
⑤她说，我们控制人工智能是完全必要的，否则就会被边缘化甚至面临更严重的后果。
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says ____________that we keep control of artificial intelligence，or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
it is essential

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