资源简介

(共71张PPT)
UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
(单元主题语境：人与自然——农业生产)
Section Ⅳ　Writing
1.写作词汇再现
①chemical化学的
②organic有机的
③fertiliser肥料
④contain包含
⑤nutrition营养
⑥environmentally-friendly环保的
⑦nutritious有营养的；营养丰富的
⑧pesticide杀虫剂，除害药物
⑨above all首先；最重要的是
⑩lead to导致
be beneficial to ...对……有益
be popular with 受欢迎
organic food有机食品
according to根据
with the development of ...随着……的发展
a widespread concern广泛的关注
advantages and disadvantages利弊；优点和缺点
positive aspects 积极的方面
as follows如下
become more and more popular变得越来越受欢迎
on the basis of the above discussion基于以上讨论
2．精彩句式再练
单句填空/一句多译/完成句子
①Different people，however，have different opinions ____this matter.
②There are various opinions ______the issue.
③It is obvious _____the air in the country is fresher and there is less pollution，which is very good for health.
on
over
that
④我喜欢住在农村而不喜欢住在城市，因为我喜欢乡村生活。
→I __________________________rather than live in the city because I like the country life.
→In my opinion，living in the countryside __________________________
because I like the country life.
⑤总之，我认为乡村生活比城市生活更有利于人们的健康。
In conclusion/As a whole，I hold the belief that/I think _______________
___________________________________________．
prefer to live in the countryside
is preferable to living in the city
the country life
is much better for people's health than the city life
Ⅰ 议论文写作
关于有机耕作和化学耕作的辩论式议论文
写作指导
辩论式议论文的特点
辩论式议论文通过说理来表达作者的观点和主张。作者对某一问题持有某种看法，为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，并给出论证，意在说服他人。
辩论式议论文的基本结构
第一段：先阐述要辩论的问题并表明自己的观点；
第二段：阐述自己支持观点的原因或者是另一方的观点及原因；
第三段：做出总结。
典例展示
假定你是李华，最近你校英文报开展了主题为“Chemical Farming or Organic Farming”的征文活动。请你写一篇英语短文投稿。要点如下：
1．支持有机耕作；
2．支持的理由。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[审题谋篇]
确定体裁、
话题 体裁：议论文
话题：农业生产方式
确定时态、
人称 时态：一般现在时为主
人称：第一、第三人称为主
布局文章
架构 首段：提出论点
中段：说明论证
尾段：总结并得出结论
列出核心
要点 1.支持有机耕作
2．介绍化学耕作的危害和有机耕作的优势
3．总结
[实践应用]
1．完成句子
①关于化学耕作和有机耕作，(人们)有各种各样的观点。
There are __________________________________________________．
②在我看来，有机耕作比化学耕作更好。
In my opinion，__________________________________________．
③使用化肥的化学耕作有许多明显的缺点。
____________________________________has many obvious disadvantages.
various opinions over chemical farming and organic farming
organic farming is preferable to chemical farming
Chemical farming using chemical fertilisers
④留在作物内部的化学物质可能会导致一些疾病，甚至癌症。
The chemicals staying inside the crops ___________________________
_______．
⑤蔬菜长得很快，但是营养成分很少。
The vegetables grow very fast，but ________________________．
⑥有机农产品仅在天然肥料的作用下生长，这使蔬菜和水果既好吃
又有营养。
Organic produce simply grows with natural fertilisers，which
_________________________________．
may lead to some diseases，even
cancer
they contain little nutrition
vegetables and fruit tasty and nutritious
makes
⑦它对我们的健康有益。
It ________________________．
⑧因此，我认为有机耕作给我们带来了更多的好处，也更加环保。
Therefore，I hold ______________________________________
________________________________________．
is beneficial to our health
the belief that organic farming brings us more
advantages and is more environmentally-friendly
2．句式升级
⑨把句③改写成it作形式主语的复合句
__________________________________________________________
_____________
⑩用现在分词短语作结果状语升级句⑥，并用非限制性定语从句合并句⑥和句⑦
It is obvious that chemical farming using chemical fertilisers has many disadvantages.
Organic produce simply grows with natural fertilisers，making vegetables and fruit tasty and nutritious，which is beneficial to our health.
3．精修成篇
结合以上句子写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
[参考范文]
There are various opinions over chemical farming and organic farming.In my opinion，organic farming is preferable to chemical farming.
It is obvious that chemical farming using chemical fertilisers has many disadvantages.Above all，the chemicals staying inside the crops may lead to some diseases，even cancer.Besides，the vegetables grow very fast，but they contain little nutrition.Organic foods are becoming increasingly popular with customers.As we know，organic produce simply grows with natural
fertilisers，making vegetables and fruit tasty and nutritious，which is beneficial to our health.
Therefore，I hold the belief that organic farming brings us more advantages and is more environmentally-friendly.
实战演练
为积极响应学校英语网站《健康生活》栏目的征文活动，请写一篇议论文投稿，说明有机耕作的好处，要点如下：
1．有机农产品更健康，让人放心；
2．有机耕作不会破坏环境；
3．有机耕作让农民收入增加。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Advantages of Organic Farming
Compared to chemical farming，organic farming enjoys its overwhelming superiority.The reasons are as follows.
Firstly，organic food is healthier and safer as in organic farming，poisonous chemicals like pesticides are forbidden from being used on crops.Furthermore，organic farming is environmentally-friendly.For instance，organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser，which is
harmless to the environment.Lastly，farmers can increase their income through organic farming.As people tend to pursue a green life，they are more likely to buy organic fruit and vegetables despite the high prices.
With incomparable advantages，therefore，organic farming is expected to benefit more people in the future.
Ⅱ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There is a farm not far from the coastline.It belongs to a man called Tom.Tom couldn't do everything by himself on the farm.Thus，he needed to hire one man to help him run the farm.However，no one worked on his farm for long.Why？Because the work was too tiring.Since the farm is near the sea，there are often storms from the sea that strike his farm.When a storm comes，Tom and the man he hired have to get up quickly and try to reduce
the losses caused by the storm.Therefore，no one liked working there.Tom had to look for people to work for him all the time.
One day，a man called Henry read the poster that Tom had put up and then came to his farm.
“Sir，I can work for you，” said Henry.
Tom looked at Henry.This young man was neither strong nor tall.
“Are you sure？” asked Tom.
“Yes，sir.I can do the work well.But you must pay me twice what you paid others before，”said that young man.
Tom was surprised.He didn't really believe such a man could do the work well.But it was really hard for him to find someone else to work for him.At last，he decided to give Henry a try.However，before hiring him，he said，“Can you really be a good helper？The work on the farm is hard and tiring.And there are often storms.”
Henry smiled and said，“Don't worry.I can be a good helper.You'll see.And storms won't be a problem.They won't even disturb our sleep.We can sleep very well even on stormy nights.”
And then Henry stayed on the farm.To Tom's joy，Henry worked hard and did his work well.It was obvious that he hadn't lied.
However，one night，there was a big storm.Tom was woken up by the strong wind.He was worried that the storm would cause great losses to his farm.And he saw his helper nowhere.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Tom thought Henry must still be sleeping.
Tom thought he had hired the wrong man.
[巧读文]
1．读要素
Who：Tom，a farm owner；Henry
Where：on the farm
What：Tom had a farm near the sea.Because there were often storms from the sea，when the storm came，it needed a huge amount of work.The employees Tom hired quit because they couldn't stand the hard work.Then Henry came in and asked to be paid twice what Tom paid others before.
2．读双线(情节线、情感线)
情节线：
情感线：
[妙构思]
1．读首句，定方向
第一段：由续写第一段首句“Tom thought Henry must still be sleeping.”可知，汤姆认为亨利一定还在睡觉。可推知第一段可描写汤姆找到亨利以后两人之间围绕应对暴风雨进行的对话。由续写第二段首句“Tom thought he had hired the wrong man.”提到汤姆认为他雇错人了，可知第一段最后还要描述汤姆对亨利的不认可。
第二段：由续写第二段首句“Tom thought he had hired the wrong man.”提到汤姆认为他雇错了人，由此可知，该段首先要描写汤姆去拯救农场财产；结合上文情节里提到的“We can sleep very well even on stormy nights.”可知，文章结局可以描述汤姆看到亨利的工作效果以及感受。
2．巧设问，定细节
第一段
(1)What did Tom do
__________________________________
(2)What did Tom say
________________
knocked at the door of Henry's room/...
we must work/...
(3)How did Tom feel
________
(4)What did Henry say
_______________________________
(5)How did Tom react to it
______________
angry/...
storms wouldn't disturb my sleep/...
disappointed/...
第二段
(1)What did Tom do
____________________________
(2)What did Tom see
________________
(3)How did Tom feel
_________
(4)What did Tom think of Henry
_________________________
rushed out to work on his own/...
all were settled/...
moved/...
the right person he hired/...
[雕句式]
根据提示升级下列句子
1．He was so anxious that he knocked at the door of Henry's room violently.
→__________________ that he knocked at the door of Henry's room violently.(so置于句首，句子部分倒装)
So anxious was he
2．Extremely evidently，Henry didn't realize how serious the situation was.
→_________________________ Henry didn't realize how serious the situation was.(it作形式主语)
3．Tom was seized by a strong sense of relief and tears streamed down his cheeks.
→Tom was seized by a strong sense of relief，_______________________
_______． (独立主格)
It was extremely evident that
tears streaming down his
cheeks
[成美文]
Tom thought Henry must still be sleeping.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Tom thought he had hired the wrong man.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Tom thought Henry must still be sleeping. So anxious was he that he knocked at the door of Henry's room violently.To Tom's astonishment，Henry was still lying in his bed.It was extremely evident that Henry didn't realize how serious the situation was.Filled with rage，Tom shouted，“Get up! There is a big storm.We must work right now.” Calm and peaceful，Henry responded，“Sir，have you forgotten I told you that storms wouldn't disturb my sleep Why not just go back to sleep？”Hearing the words，a wide disappointment took hold of Tom.
Tom thought he had hired the wrong man. Feeling helpless，he rushed out to work on his own.Nevertheless，no sooner had he gone outside than an unexpected scene came into his sight.All the roofs covered and all his chicken，horses and cows settled.Tom was seized by a strong sense of relief，tears streaming down his cheeks.It was Henry that did all the work well in advance before the storm came.He realized he had hired the best man.
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1．How does Cindy know much about animals
A．By having classes. B．By spending time on the farm.
C．By listening to stories from her father.
2．What crop does the woman's uncle plant
A．Beans. B．Cotton. C．Corn.
3．What does the man do
A．A businessman. B．A student.
C．A farmer.
4．What are the speakers talking about
A．A farm.
B．Some houses.
C．A corn field.
5．What will the man probably do for the woman
A．Plant trees on her land.
B．Build a pool in her yard.
C．Sell her some vegetables.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does Lily advise Mr Stenson to do
A．To use the pesticide. B．To change the crop.
C．To water the fields.
7．What do we know about Lily's uncle
A．He often shares his products.
B．He lives far from Lily.
C．He is good at farming.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What weather is the woman expecting
A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Cloudy.
9．What can we learn from the conversation
A．It will rain this afternoon.
B．The woman owns a farm.
C．The weather report made mistakes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How long has the woman worked on the farm
A．About four years.
B．About five years.
C．About eight years.
11．Who assists the woman with the farm work
A．Her friends.
B．Her relatives.
C．The local farmers.
12．What does the man offer to do
A．Find more helpers.
B．Pick apples himself.
C．Lend the woman his robots.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What will the weather be like in the afternoon
A．Bright. B．Rainy. C．Cloudy.
14．From which aspect of the birds does the old farmer know the weather
A．The height of their nests.
B．The shape of their nests.
C．The way in which they fly.
15．Why is the old farmer's father mentioned
A．To discuss how to take up farming.
B．To persuade the woman to study the weather.
C.To show where the farmer learned weather prediction.
16．Which behavior of cattle indicates a rainy day according to the man
A．Wandering around.　　B．Lying down.
C．Eating grass carelessly.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What are younger British people expected to do
A．Work in farming industry.
B．Improve their income.
C．Improve grain production.
18．Why are the older farmers advised to retire
A．To remove old farming methods.
B．To reduce the cost.
C．To protect the environment.
19．What is the average age of farmers in the UK
A．40. B．59. C．65.
20．What is the attitude of most farmers towards the plan
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Doubtful.
第一节
1．M：①Cindy's father has a farm.Cindy spent the whole summer vacation there.
W：Oh，①no wonder she knows so much about animals though she isn't interested in them.
2．W：②Have you ever been to a cotton farm like this before？My uncle switched over to it because he could make more money there.
M：I've never actually been to a farm，so I have no idea how farmers make a living！But my uncle used to grow corn and beans.
3．W：③Do you always want to be a farmer
M：No.I studied economics at school, and I wanted to be a businessman.③But when my father passed away, he left me his farm.I want to honor his memory.
4．W：Look at that large field of corn! ④And there is a farm with some beautiful houses on it.
M：④You can see the beauty of the farm on the train.
5．W：⑤If you could，I'd like you to surround my land with trees.
M：Do you still want a vegetable garden next to your pool
W：Absolutely.Just send the bill to my office.
(1.B　2.B　3.C　4.A　5.A)
第二节
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
W：Mr Stenson，⑥I think you need to replace corn with another plant in your fields.
M：Yes，Lily.But I'm not sure what plant is better.Some people say I should go for beans，while some say wheat is a good choice.
W：I personally can't help you with this，⑦but I can ask my uncle.He works on a farm and has helped a lot of farmers.
M：That'd be great.Hmm ...What do you think if I invite him to visit my farm
W：Good idea！He lives not far from here.And he'll be able to spare you a few hours next Saturday.
M：Thank you very much.I promise to give you the first new products from my fields!
(6.B　7.C)
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
M：Wow，it's nice to see the sun again.
W：⑧Yes，we have been expecting the sun for many days.
M：But it's said to be cloudy this afternoon.And we'll probably have some rain again at night.
W：Oh，that's too bad.⑨The vegetables on my farm do need sunlight.They are getting yellow.
M：I'm sorry to hear that.We can do nothing but wait.
W：What did the weather report say
M：It just said what I told you just now.
(8.B　9.B)
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
M：Wow！So many apple trees here.It looks as if the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one.
W：Yeah.Apple trees take four to five years to produce their first fruit.
M：⑩How many years have you spent on the farm，Rose
W：⑩About eight years.After making some money by working in IT for a few years，I moved to the country and started growing apples all over the farm one year later. Luckily，Aunt Kitty's family live nearby.They are a
great help to me.But I'm afraid we need at least eight helpers to pick so many apples this year.You know，try to harvest the fruit before the first frost.
M：Oh，by the way， I'm using two robots to do the farm work.I can lend them to you anytime you want.
W：That would be nice.Thanks.
(10.C　11.B　12.C )
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
W：What's the weather like today？Have you listened to the forecast
M：Yes. The weatherman said it'll be sunny in the morning and there will be a shower in the afternoon.I met an old Irish farmer recently.He said he needn't listen to the forecast.He can predict the weather by observing birds and other animals.
W：Really？And how does that work
M：Well， he said that the nesting of birds can show both long-term and short-term weather patterns.He said that some birds，like magpies，build their nests lower if there are expected storms in summer，and higher if the weather is going to be fine，regardless of what the nests look like.This would be a long-term prediction.
W：How does he know this
M： He learned it from his father and grandfather.Predicting the weather is very important for farmers，of course.
W：And what about short-term predictions
M：Well， according to him，when cattle lie down in the fields instead of walking around and eating grass，it will rain that day.
W：Wow，I've never heard those before.It's interesting to learn some ways to predict the weather.
(13.B　14.A　15.C　16.B)
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
W： The government in the United Kingdom wants to change its farming industry.It wants younger people to do farming work.It has a new plan to pay older farmers to retire.Some older farmers could get up to $140，000 in cash if they retire. The reason the government wants older farmers to retire is to protect the environment.Older farmers use more traditional methods to farm their land.The UK's farming minister believes younger farmers are more open to green methods. The average age of farmers in the UK is 59.Around 40 percent of them are above the
age of 65.The minister said，“We need to address the challenges of helping new farmers realize their dream of gaining access to land，while also helping an older generation to retire with dignity.” The plan is popular with many old farmers.A farmers' association said 75 percent of its farmers were interested in the retirement plan.The UK's National Farmers' Union welcomed the government's plan.It said，“We want to see this fair change.Farmers who are considering leaving the industry have enough time and information to make their decisions.”
(17.A　18.C　19.B　20.A)
【语音技巧】
英式英语与美式英语在发音上的区别
1．当字母r出现在单词的元音字母组合中时，美音会出现独特的卷舌音，也就是元音发音完毕后，要很流畅地将舌尖向后卷，但不得接触上腭。
Car [英] /kɑ / [美] /kɑ r/dear　　[英] /dI /　　　[美] /dIr/
单词 英音 美音
half /hɑ f/ /h f/
bath /bɑ θ/ /b θ/
pass /pɑ s/ /p s/
calm /kɑ m/ /kɑm/
palm /pɑ m / /pɑm/
2．英音中的元音/ɑ /在用于/f/、/θ/、/s/或鼻音前时，一般美音发/ /，但在字母组合lm前发/ɑ/。
3.英音/ /变为美音/ /或/ɑ/。
单词 英音 美音
bought /b t/ /b t/或/bɑt/
talk /t k/ /t k/或/tɑk/
ball /b l/ /b l/或/bɑl/
caught /k t/ /k t/或/kɑt/
law /l / /l /或/lɑ/
4.英音/ /、/ /在美音中不再区分，读/ /。
单词 英音 美音
above / 'b v/ / 'b v/
but /b t/ /b t/
touch /t t / /t t /
love /l v/ /l v/
blood /bl d/ /bl d/

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