资源简介

(共63张PPT)
XB2 Unit2
Extended reading
Sp rts idi ms
Gussing game
Love me, love my dog.
Break a leg.
White night.
As cool as a cucumber.
Call of nature.
The apple of somebody’s eyes
A piece of cake
爱我，爱我的狗？
打破一条腿？
白夜？
冷静的像个黄瓜？
归隐田园？
眼睛里的苹果？
一块蛋糕？
Do you know these English idioms
爱屋及乌。
祝你好运。
不眠之夜。
泰然自若。
上厕所。
珍视之物。
轻而易举，小菜一碟
Look at the pictures and predict what sports idioms will be mentioned in the article.
Boxing
Baseball
Football
Read the article and fill in the chart.
Fast reading
para.1 ——introduction:________________of idioms
para.2—4 ——Football
Para.5、6 —— Baseball ____of sports idioms
Para._______——boxing
para.___——conclusion
Definition and Function
Types/categories
7、8
9
1. What is an idiom
2. What function(s) can idioms perform in a language
Detailed reading
An idiom is a group of words with meanings different
from the meanings of the individual words.
习语是一组字面含义与整体含义并不相同的词语。
Idioms make language more colourful and expressive.
习语能让语言变得更加生动形象、富有表现力。
Part 1 ( Para.1):
Every language has its idioms, which are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words. Idioms make language more colourful and expressive. Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life, there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language. Let’s take a look at some of them!
每种语言都有自己的习语。习语是一组词汇，它的意思不同于每个单独的词。习语让语言更为丰富多彩、更具表现力。由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分，许多体育习语也已融入人们的日常语言。让我们来看看其中几个吧！
n.个人 adj.单独的 独自的
富有表现力的；意味深长的
因为
不可分离的 separate 分离分开
设法进入；逐渐传入
separate v. 分离；分开 ｜ adj. 分开的；单独的
separate A from B （把 A 从 B 中分开）
We need separate rooms for the meeting.
我们需要单独的房间开会。
The teacher separated the noisy students from the others.
老师把吵闹的学生和其他同学分开坐。
inseparable
For them, love and responsibility are inseparable.
对他们来说，爱与责任是密不可分的。
be inseparable from sb./sth. 与…… 密不可分
She is almost inseparable from her pet dog.
她几乎和她的宠物狗形影不离。
Detailed reading
Paras. 2-4
How many idioms are mentioned What are they
move the goalposts
score an own goal
Football
Football (or soccer, as it is called in the USA) is one of the most popular sports in the world and many countries have their own football leagues. The English language is full of idioms which are thought to have come from football.
足球（football，在美国又叫 soccer），是世界上最受欢迎的体育运动之一，许多国家都有自己的足球联赛。英语中有许多习语被认为源自足球。
联赛 联盟；协会
充满
It is thought that regular exercise can improve people’s health.
据认为，规律运动能够改善人们的健康状况。
→Regular exercise is thought to improve people’s health.
It is thought that the ancient city was built in the Tang Dynasty.
据认为，这座古城建于唐代。
→The ancient city is thought to have been built in the Tang Dynasty.
这座古城被认为建于唐代。
sb./sth. is thought to do ... 句型 It is thought that...
从句用一般现在时句型
sb./sth. is thought to to have done ... 句型 It is thought that...
从句用一般过去时句型
She is thought to be a skilled surgeon.
她被认为是一位技艺精湛的外科医生。
It is thought that she is a skilled surgeon.
据认为，她是一位技艺精湛的外科医生。
He is thought to have won the competition last month.
他被认为在上个月赢得了比赛。
It is thought that he won the competition last month.
据认为，他在上个月赢得了比赛。
The project is thought to have been completed ahead of time.
这个项目被认为已提前完工。
It is thought that the project was completed ahead of time.
据认为，这个项目提前完工了。
Meaning in football
Meaning in everyday use
Chinese meaning
change the location of goalposts
goal（目标；球门） + post（柱子 ) 球门柱
unfairly change the rules or requirements for something
改变规则；变卦
What do they mean？
move the goalposts
As you know, in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team’s goal, which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground. Can you imagine that every time you have a chance to score, the goalposts are moved That would be not only difficult, but also upsetting. If someone “moves the goalposts”in everyday life, it means they unfairly change the rules or requirements for something. An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target, only for the company to make the target higher, could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts.
only for sb. to do sth. 结果却……”“不料……
v.顶
相反的 对面的 opponent 对手 opposite 对立的
球门 目标
球门柱
v.固定 修理
地面地上
进球 得分 v. 分数n.
令人沮丧的
不公平地
n.保险
即将要 马上要
每年的 adj.
目标n.
正当地
抱怨 v.
变卦 改变规则
如你所知，在一场足球比赛中，球员们试图将球踢进或顶进对方球队的球门，也就是固定在地上的两根粗大门柱之间的那张网。你能想象，每次你有机会进球时，门柱却被移动了吗？那样的情形不仅难以应对，而且令人沮丧。如果在日常生活中有人 move the goalposts（移动门柱），意味着这些人不公正地改变了某件事情的规则或要求。如果一位保险销售员就快达到年度销售目标了，而公司却在这时提高了销售目标，那么他就可以正当地抱怨公司 move the goalposts。
complain about/of 抱怨某事
She never complains about the heavy workload, even when she is tired.
即使很累，她也从不抱怨工作量大。
My neighbor called to complain of the loud noise from our party last night.
我的邻居打电话来，抱怨我们昨晚派对的噪音太大。
The old man complained about being ignored by his children.
这位老人抱怨自己被子女忽视了。
complian to 向…… 抱怨；向…… 投诉
She decided to complain to the manager about the broken TV.
她决定向经理投诉那台坏掉的电视机。
only for sb. to do sth. 结果却……”“不料某人……
She made a cake carefully, only for her little brother to drop it on the floor.
她精心做了一个蛋糕，不料被弟弟摔在了地上。
I waited for him for an hour, only for him to say he wasn’t coming.
我等了他一个小时，结果他却说不来了。
I ran to the bus stop, only to find the bus had just left.
我跑到公交站，结果却发现公交车刚开走。
She stayed up late to finish her homework, only to forget to bring it to school.
她熬夜写完作业，结果却忘了带到学校。
only to do sth. 结果却……/ 不料……
Meaning in football
Meaning in everyday use
Chinese meaning
accidentally kicking or heading the ball into one's own net
someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests
乌龙球；做了对自己不利的事；
搬起石头砸自己的脚
偶然地 adv.
非故意地adv.
n.利益
What do they mean？
L22-24
L24-26
score an own goal
Thankfully, goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal, he or she might wish they did. “Scoring an own goal”in football means accidentally kicking or heading the ball into one’s own net, and it is one of the worst things that can happen to a football player. If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal. You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council makes a decision which backfires terribly!
球门n
accident意外事故 accidental 偶然的意外的
sth. happens to sb. 某事发生在某人身上
非故意地 intention 目的意图
兴趣 利益n.
议会
适得其反
谢天谢地
谢天谢地，门柱并不会真的移动——但是当一名球员 score an own goal（进乌龙球）时，他（她）说不定会希望球门真能移动。在足球中，进乌龙球的意思是不小心将球踢进或顶进了自己队的球门，而这是一名球员所能遇到的最糟糕的情况之一。如果有人犯下了无意中损害自身利益的严重错误，那么人们就会说，这样的人是在进乌龙球。当地方议会作出了一项决策，结果却适得其反时，你也许就会在报纸上看到这个说法！
偶然地、意外地 by accident /by chance /accidentally / unexpectedly
Unexpectedly, the shy girl won the first prize in the speech contest.
出乎意料的是，那个害羞的女孩赢得了演讲比赛一等奖。
he ball accidentally hit the window and broke it.
球意外砸到窗户，把玻璃打碎了。
By chance, we both chose the same movie ticket online.
碰巧的是，我们俩在网上选了同一张电影票。
I met my old classmate by accident in the supermarket yesterday.
我昨天在超市偶然遇到了老同学。
on purpose 故意地 deliberately / intentionally
The company deliberately raised the price to increase profits.
这家公司蓄意抬高价格来增加利润。
He deliberately ignored my calls because he was angry with me.
他因为生我的气，故意不接我的电话。
She didn’t break the cup by accident — she did it on purpose.
她不是不小心打碎杯子的，而是故意的。
The witness claimed that the man intentionally damaged the public property.
目击者声称这名男子故意损坏公共财物。
A lucky thing happened to my friend yesterday — she won a free concert ticket.
昨天一件幸运的事发生在我朋友身上 —— 她抽到了一张免费的演唱会门票。
What happened to you You look so tired and upset.
你怎么了？（什么事发生在你身上了？）你看起来又累又沮丧。
An accident happened to the driver when he was driving in the heavy rain.
那位司机在大雨中开车时，发生了一场意外。
sth. happens to sb. 某事发生在某人身上
类似短语 ：？？？？
A big fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.
昨晚小区里突然爆发了一场大火。
Detailed reading
How many idioms are mentioned What are they
Paras. 5-6
in the ballpark /a ballpark estimate
throw someone a curveball
three strikes and you are out
Paras. 5-6
Read Para. 5-6 carefully and match the idioms with their explanation.
roughly estimating
things that are unexpected and difficult to respond to
situations where you miss three chances
Detailed reading
in the ballpark /a ballpark estimate
throw someone a curveball
three strikes and you are out
If we do not know exactly where the ball is during the game, we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.
It is difficult for the other team to handle.
A batter is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball.
Literal meaning
Implicit meaning
Baseball
Baseball is an old and popular sport that has given the English language many different idioms. You might have heard expressions like “in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate”. The venue where a baseball game is played is called a ballpark. So, even if we do not know exactly where the ball is during the game, we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark. For this reason, people use the expression“in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate”to talk about rough estimates.
场地
即使 尽管
到底 adv.
假定；假设；认定
因此
估计
粗略的 大概的
棒球是一项古老而广受欢迎的体育运动，它也为英语提供了许多不同的习语。你也许听过 in the ballpark（在棒球场里）或是 a ballpark estimate（一个棒球场的估计）这样的说法。进行棒球比赛的场地被称为棒球场（ballpark）。因此，即便我们在棒球比赛中并不知道球的准确位置，我们仍然可以认定它就在球场内的某处。为此，人们会用 in the ballpark 或者 a ballpark estimate 这样的说法来谈论粗略的估计。
Another common baseball expression is “throwing someone a curveball”. Curveballs are balls that suddenly turn in the air, and these are of course difficult for the other team to handle. We use this expression to describe things that are unexpected and difficult to respond to.“Three strikes and you are out” is another idiom that comes from baseball. As it suggests, in baseball this means that a batter (the person with the baseball bat in his or her hands) is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball. This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances.
转向 转弯
处理
出乎意料的
应对
表明 v
击球手 bat 球拍 球棒
尝试 试图n./v.
另一个常见的棒球相关说法是 throw someone a curveball（给某人扔一个曲线球）。曲线球（curveball）是指能在空中突然转向的球，而这种球必然会让对方球队难以应付。我们用这个说法来形容那些出乎意料又难以应对的事情。three strikes and you are out（三振出局）是另一个来自棒球的习语。正如字面意思所说，三振出局在棒球运动中指的是击球手（手持棒球球棒的人）如果连续三次未能击中，就会出局。这个习语经常用于谈论某人错失三次良机后失败的情况。
Detailed reading
How many idioms are mentioned What are they
Paras. 7-8
below the belt
throw in the towel
Read the paragraphs about boxing idioms and fill in the following table.
Idiom
Chinese translation
Meaning in boxing
Meaning in everyday life
Example
below the belt
throw in the towel
放弃
不公正的、伤人的
hitting the opponent below the waist
throwing a towel into the ring to end the fight
a behaviour that is unfair and harmful
admitting defeat and giving up
Someone makes an unfair and cruel remark.
Not mentioned.
Boxing
English also has a large number of idioms connected with boxing, which has been a popular sport for thousands of years. A boxer is not allowed to use his or her fists to hit the opponent below the waist. Hence comes the idiom“below the belt”. In day-to-day life, if someone makes an unfair and cruel remark, we can describe it as“below the belt”.
英语中也有大量习语与拳击有关，这是一项数千年来一直很受欢迎的运动。拳击手不允许用拳头击打对手腰部以下的部位。因此有了 below the belt（腰部以下，意为不正当的、伤人的）这个习语。在日常生活中，如果有人发表了有失公允的刻薄评论，我们就可以形容这种评论是 below the belt。
be connected with 与...相关
不被允许做...
对手n.
因此
不公正的
残忍的 刻薄的 评论
so 连词（conj.）
therefore / thus / hence 副词（adv.）
for this reason 介词短语 that is why 独立句子
因此 所以
The weather was extremely bad; ________, the flight was canceled.
She didn’t prepare for the exam at all, ________ she failed it completely.
He has devoted himself to charity for decades. ________ he is highly respected by everyone in the community.
他从未放弃自己的梦想，这就是他最终成功的原因。
He never gave up his dream, ________ he succeeded finally.
她精通三门外语，因此被这家跨国公司录用了。
She is proficient in three foreign languages, ________ she was hired by this multinational company.
comes the idiom “below the belt” 完全倒装句
1. 表示地点 / 方向的副词置于句首
常见副词：here, there, up, down, out, in, away, off 等
条件：谓语动词为 come, go, run, fly, rush 等不及物动词；主语为名词（代词不倒装）。
The bus comes here. → Here comes the bus.
公交车来了。
Here is a letter for you. → A letter for you is here.
这儿有你的一封信。
Here is your ID card. → Your ID card is here. 这是你的身份证。
Here came the rain suddenly. → The rain came here suddenly.
雨突然下了起来。
Here it comes. → 它来了。（主语 it 是代词）
2.地点介词短语置于句首 At the foot of the mountain ，In front of 主语必须是名词
A small village lies at the foot of the mountain.
At the foot of the mountain lies a small village.
山脚下坐落着一个小村庄。
Two tall trees stand in front of our classroom.
In front of our classroom stand two tall trees.
我们教室前矗立着两棵大树。
Many fish live in the lake.
In the lake live many fish.
湖里生活着很多鱼。
At the foot of the mountain ________ (lie) several old houses, which have been passed down from the Qing Dynasty.
Under the ancient bridge ________ (flow) a small stream.
On every shelf of the library ________ (place) hundreds of books, most of which are written in English.
Beside the road ________ (grow) a group of trees that are over 50 years old.
Inside the box ________ (be) a pair of glasses and two dictionaries.
Around the lake ________ (plant) a lot of flowers that ________ (water) every morning.
lie
flows
are placed
grow
is
are planted
are watered
The bus goes there. (there) → There goes the bus.
It comes here. (here) → Here it comes.
A small park lies behind our school.
→ Behind our school lies a small park.
Many stars shine in the sky.
→ In the sky shine many stars.
A stone bridge stands over the river.
→ Over the river stands a stone bridge.
From China emerged Mao Zedong.
Mao Zedong emerged from China.
中国出了个毛泽东。
“Throwing in the towel”is another common idiom that comes from boxing. When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own, the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. In everyday life, this idiom simply means admitting defeat and giving up.
（扔毛巾）是另一个来自拳击的常用习语。当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太过疲惫或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。在日常生活中，这个习语就是“承认失败，放弃”的意思。
迷惑的 困惑的adj.
某人自己
某人自己
教练
擂台
v.结束 n.________
coach /k t / ① 教练；指导者 ② （火车的）客车车厢
She hired a math coach to help her prepare for the college entrance examination.
她雇了一位数学辅导老师，帮自己备战高考。
All passengers are required to get on the second coach of the train before departure.
发车前，所有乘客需登上列车的第二节车厢。
admit / d m t/ ① 承认
admit + 名词 / 代词 承认....
He refused to admit his fault/mistake in the accident.
他拒绝承认自己在这场事故中的过错。
admit + doing sth. 承认做过某事
admit (that) 从句
The boy admitted breaking the window with a ball.
这个男孩承认用球砸破了窗户。
She finally admitted that she had lied to her parents.
她最终承认自己对父母撒了谎。
admit ②允许进入
admit sb to/into ＋地点团体 准许某人进入....
这家超市不准宠物进入。
They don’t admit pets into the supermaket.
be admitted to/ into ＋地点团体 某人被准许进入
只有持票者才被允许进入音乐厅。
Only ticket holders are admitted to/into the concert hall.
考上大学 be admitted to university/college
After years of hard work, he was finally admitted to a medical college.
经过多年努力，他终于考上了一所医学院。
Top athletes can be admitted to university without taking the college entrance exam in some countries.
在一些国家，顶尖运动员可以免高考进入大学。
After years of hard training, she finally got the chance to stand in the ring and fight for the national prize.
经过多年的刻苦训练，她终于得到了站上擂台、争夺全国奖项的机会。
She wore a simple silver ring that her grandmother had given her on her birthday.
她戴着一枚简约的银戒指，那是她奶奶在她生日时送给她的。
We were about to leave the house when the ring of the doorbell suddenly stopped us.
我们正要出门，突然响起的门铃声音拦住了我们。
The alarm clock rings at 6 o'clock every morning to wake me up.
闹钟每天早上六点响，把我叫醒。
ring n.① 铃声 ② 戒指 ③擂台 ④v.响铃——rang ——rung
Sport is challenging and so is life. However, when you are thrown a curveball, do not throw in the towel—work hard, be careful not to score an own goal, and you are sure to make it!
体育运动充满了挑战，生活同样也是如此。然而，当你接到一个曲线球时，不要放弃——努力奋斗，注意别进乌龙球，你就一定会成功！
The meeting started at 9 a.m., but I didn't make it because of the heavy rain.
会议早上 9 点开始，但因为下大雨我没能赶到。
Will you make it to my birthday party this weekend
这个周末你能赶来参加我的生日派对吗？
I'm afraid I can't make it to the airport to see you off.
恐怕我没法赶到机场为你送行。
Even though life is hard sometimes, we have to make it.
尽管生活有时很艰难，我们还是得熬过去。
make it成功做到；及时赶到
Choose one idiom and make sentences with it.
move the goalposts
score an own goal
in the ballpark /a ballpark estimate
throw someone a curveball
three strikes and you are out
below the belt
throw in the towel
e.g. Our teacher always moves the goalposts when it comes to homework. First, she said it should be 500 words, but then she asked for 800 words.
Try to think of some situations about your real life.
Sport is challenging and so is life. However, when you are thrown a curveball, do not throw in the towel—work hard, be careful not to score an own goal, and you are sure to make it!
Read Para.9 and answer the questions.
Q1: What is the author's meaning in Para.9 Please find out the sport idioms and write down the implicit meanings.
> To echo (呼应) the idioms introduced above.
> To add a sense of humour to the article.
>To make the conclusion colorful and expressive.
Q2: Why does the author end Para.9 with these idioms
are faced with unexpectedand difficult situations
give up
not to make mistakes unintentionally and harm others’ interests
4. We were about to sign the contract when the other guys _________________ and said they wanted more money.
5. When Sam was late for work again, the manager said,“ You’ve been late twice this week. This is my final warning—_________________________!”
3. I think if someone wants to criticize me, they should focus on my work. Mentioning my past problem is ___________________.
2. The coach wasn’t sure what the final result would be, so he gave the journalist _________________.
Practice makes perfect.
a ballpark estimate throw sb a curveball three strikes and you are out
hit below the belt move the goalposts
1. The professor _____________________when he asked his students to solve a problem that they have never met.
threw them a curveball
a ballpark estimate
hitting below the belt
moved the goalposts
three strikes and you are out
How to introduce an idiom
I’d like to introduce an interesting (unexpected/expressive…) Chinese idiom…
This idiom is related to…
This idiom is about…
This idiom is derived from…
It means that…
It is now used to…
You might see this expression…
For instance/example, you can use this idiom if…
You can use these sentences：
Introduce the background information.
Give an idiom.
Explain the literal meaning.
Explain the implicit meaning.
Steps
It means that the arrow is fitted to the string. This idiom is now used to describe a critical moment.
n. 弦
It means getting up early in the morning upon hearing the crow of a rooster and practising with the sword. This idiom is used to describe someone who is very hard-working.
n. 剑，刀
Do you know any Chinese sports idioms
How Chinese sports idioms are different or similar to English sports idioms
martial arts
historical stories or events
ositive
ncouraging
dditional
Chinese sports idioms come mostly from _____________ like shooting or sword dancing. They are usually derived from ________________________, which is quite different from English sports idioms. Many Chinese sports idioms show quite p______ and e__________ meanings. However, both Chinese and English sports idioms have developed some a________ meanings and are often used in daily life.
Homework
Compulsory one: Write and polish your introduction of 1 Chinese idiom. (No less than 80 words)
Optional one: Search for more sports idioms, think about how Chinese sports idioms are different from or similar to English sports idioms.
Please write down your thoughts and share with the class next time.
Making sentences
examples:
如果你说的是五百万，那就差不多了。
If you said five million, you'd be in the ballpark.
All that I can do now is give you a ballpark estimate.
我现在能做的就是给你一个大致的估计。
The workers complained that their boss threw them a curveball.
工人们抱怨老板有意刁难他们。
Making sentences
examples:
别再迟到了，事不过三。
Don’t be late again. Three strikes and you’re out.
把他以前作弊的事情翻出来，这样做并不公平。
Mentioning his past cheating problems is hitting below the belt.
Isn't it too early to throw in the towel
现在放弃是不是太早了？。
More idioms for you
一石二鸟
一箭双雕
一举两得
赠马不看牙；
不要对别人送的礼物
挑三拣四
下倾盆大雨
非常冷静，泰然自若
1. _____________________ 田径运动
2. _____________________ 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事
3. _____________________ 欢天喜地，得意扬扬
4. _____________________ 正确客观地看待
5. _____________________ 偶然来到，无意中处于
track and field
call on sb. to do sth.
walk on air
keep sth. in perspective
find one’s way into
6. _________________________ 改变条件(或规则)
7. _________________________ 进乌龙球，无意中做让自己吃亏的事
8. _________________________ 差不多
9. _________________________ 大致相近的估计
10. ________________________ 给某人出难题
11. ________________________ 三振出局
12. ________________________ 不公正的，伤人的
13. ________________________ 认输，承认失败
move the goalposts
score an own goal
in the ballpark
a ballpark estimate
throw sb. a curveball
three strikes and you are out
below the belt
throw in the towel
Text Review
Since sport is an ___________(separate) part of life, there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.
An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target, only for the company to make the target ______(high), could rightly _________(complaint) about the company moving the goalposts .
If someone makes a bad mistake which _____________ (intend) harms their own interests, they are said _______________(score) an own goal.
Even if we don’t know exactly _______the ball is during the game, we can assume it is somewhere in the ballpark.
inseparable
higher
complain
unintentionally
to have scored
where
Text Review
5._____ it suggests, in baseball this means a batter is out after making three unsuccessful _______ (attempt) to hit the ball.
6. This idiom is often used in to talk about situations _______ people fail after wasting three chances.
7. Hence _________(come) the idiom “below the belt”.
8. When a boxer is ____________(输得很惨) and is too tired or confused _____ give up on his own, the coach will l_______ (真的) throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.
where
comes
iterally
losing badly
to
As
attempts
See you next time！

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