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（北师大版）必修第三册UNIT8　GREEN LIVING
课时习题巩固检测
重点单词及句型讲解
派生词及重点短语梳理
Content
目录
part one
part two
part three
part one
派生词及重点短语梳理
派生词梳理
1.global adj.全球的,全世界的 globe n.球体;地球 globally adv.全球地,全世界地
2.industrial adj.工业的 industry n.工业
3.extinction n.灭绝 extinct adj.已灭绝的
4.solution n.解决办法;答案 solve v.解决
5.electricity n.电 electric adj.电动的 electrical adj.用电的;发电的
electronic adj.电子的
6.transport n.交通运输系统,运输方式 vt.运输;传播
transportation n.运输;交通工具
7.balance n.平衡;余额;天平 v.保持平衡;权衡 balanced adj.平衡的
8.foundation n.基础;地基 found v.创办;成立 founder n.创办人,创始者
9.involve vt.参与;包含;牵涉 involved adj.参与的;有关联的
involvement n.投入;参与
10.organiser n.组织者,安排者 organise vt.组织,筹备
organisation n.组织;团体;机构
11.agriculture n.农业 agricultural adj.农业的
12.proposal n.建议,提议;求婚 propose v.建议,提议
13.determination n. 决心;毅力 determine v.决定;决心;确定
determined adj.坚定的;坚决的
14.parking n.(车辆等的)停放 park v.停车
15.disappear vi.消失,不见 disappearance n.消失,不见 appear vi.出现;似乎;显得
16.tracking n.跟踪 track v.跟踪 n.踪迹
17.official n.官员,高级职员 adj.公务的;官方的 office n.办公室
officially adv.官方地
18.percentage n.百分比,百分率 percent n.百分之……;百分数
19.container n.容器 contain v.容纳
20.majority n.大多数;多数票 major adj.主要的;重要的 vi.主修
21.indicate vt.表明;显示 indication n.迹象;表示;标示
22.annually adv.每年;一年一度地 annual adj.每年的;一年一度的
23.pollutant n.污染物 pollute v.污染 pollution n.污染 polluted adj.受污染的
24.flooding n.水灾,洪水泛滥 flood n.洪水
重点短语梳理
1.do my part for sth尽自己所能做某事 2.can't be bothered to do sth懒得做某事
3.suffer from遭受 4.take action采取行动 5.be committed to尽心尽力于,致力于
6.make a difference 有影响;有作用
7.work through调整(情绪);(通过反复思考来)解决(问题) 8.come up with想出,想到
9.come up上来;走进;发生,出现;被提出 10.take part (in) 参加
11.cut back on削减,缩减 12.to sum up总之
13.make sb's dream come true(使)某人梦想成真
14.a matter of只有几个……之多,不多于 15.thanks to幸亏;由于
16.all around the world全世界 17.leave the tap running 让水龙头开着
18.drop a piece of litter扔一片垃圾 19.in the early 1990s在20世纪90年代初
20.live in peace with nature与自然和平相处 21.make a firm foundation夯实基础
22.make it a better place to live in让它成为更好的居住地
23.plenty of places for bicycle parking很多可以停放自行车的地方
24.enjoy the benefits of exercise 享受锻炼的好处
名词后缀-ing:表示行为、活动或事物的名称 直接加-ing tracking跟踪　parking (车辆等的)停放　flooding水灾,洪水泛滥　
warning警示,告诫　suffering痛苦 feeling感觉,感情　bargaining讨价还价,交易
双写词尾辅音 字母再加-ing beginning开始,开端;swimming游泳;shopping购物
构词方法归纳
part two
重点单词及句型讲解
1.bother vi.& vt.费心,麻烦;(使)烦恼 vt.打扰
【经典造句】　
I used to bother you to do many things for me,but you never got impatient with me.我过去总是麻烦您为我做很多事情,但是您从来不会对我不耐烦。
Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事。
重点单词讲解
bother (sb) to do sth麻烦(某人)做某事;费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth 用某事打扰某人
It bothers/bothered sb that.../to do... 使某人烦恼的是……
can't be bothered to do sth懒得做某事 be bothered about sth为……而担心/烦恼
2.involve vt.参与(engage);包含(include);牵涉→involved adj.有关联的;参与的
　→involvement n.参与;投入
【经典造句】　
I am more than delighted to get involved in the upcoming “Chinese Workshop” activity,which aims to promote cultural exchange between China and the UK.(2023·天津6月卷)
我非常高兴能参加即将举办的旨在促进中英文化交流的“中国工坊”活动。
involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人卷入(做)某事
be/get involved in/with　 参与;卷入
3.contented adj.满意的(satisfied);满足的→content vt.使满意 n.内容;目录
adj.满意的;满足的;愿意
【经典造句】　
It is widely acknowledged that happy people are those who are contented with their life.人们普遍认为,快乐的人是那些满足于自己生活的人。
content oneself with 满足于;使(某人)自己对……感到满足
be content/contented with 对……满足/满意
be content to do sth 乐于做某事
【注意】　content和contented都是形容词,但是contented可以作定语和表语,而content常作表语。
4.occur vi.(occurred,occurred,occurring)发生 (happen);出现(appear);(想法)产生
→occurrence n.出现;发生;发生的事情
【经典造句】　
Then an idea occurred to me. I pointed at my phone and asked him to give his phone number to me so that I could contact him when I came back here.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 然后我突然想到了一个主意。我指着我的手机,让他给我他的电话号码,这样我回来后可以联系他。
sth occurs/occurred to sb 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事
5.proposal n.建议(suggestion,advice,recommendation),提议;求婚→propose
v.提议;建议;打算
【经典造句】　
As to presents, I have a proposal that you (should) choose some with New Zealand features, which is bound to win your friend's affection.
关于礼物,我有一个建议,你应该选择一些具有新西兰特色的,这一定会赢得你朋友的喜爱。
the proposal to do...　 做……的建议
propose to do/doing...　 打算/建议做……
propose that...(should) do...　 建议……做……
【注意】　在suggestion,proposal,advice等需要具体内容解释的名词后常用虚拟
语气。
6.determination n.决心;毅力(persistence)→determine v.决定;决心;确定
→determined adj.坚定的;坚决的
【经典造句】　
David determined on/upon taking part in the cross-country run, his eyes twinkling with great determination. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫决定参加越野赛跑,他的眼里闪烁着极大的决心。
with determination 坚定地
determine to do... 决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
be determined to do... 决心做……(表示状态)
7.majority n.大多数;多数;多数票(minority)→major adj.主要的;重要的 vi.主修
n.主修学生
【经典造句】　
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. However.the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
一些人生来就有公开演讲的天赋。然而,大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家,是因为他们受过训练。
in a/the majority　 占大多数
a/the majority of　 大多数……
major in　 主修……
【注意】　“the/a majority of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数与该名词的数一致。
8.work through调整(情绪)
【经典造句】　
It is hard for the mother to work through her sadness after her daughter got drowned.
在女儿溺水身亡后,母亲很难从悲伤中走出来。
break through　 突破
get through　 通过;完成;打通(电话)
go through　 经历;仔细检查
look through　 浏览
9.cut back on削减,缩减
【经典造句】　
People should cut back on cigarettes, and eat a balanced diet.
人们应该减少吸烟,均衡饮食。
cut across　 穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut in　 插嘴
cut off　 中止;切掉;使隔绝
cut out...　 停止做(或使用、食用)……;剪下
cut up　 切碎
cut down　 砍倒;削减;删节;缩小(尺寸、数量等)
①While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of wonderful encounter with a local that all travelers long for. (2024·浙江1月卷)　　　　　
②The poor cat was deserted by its cruel owner.　　　　　
③Somehow,her courage seemed to desert her for a moment.　　　　　
desert
n.沙漠;荒原
vt.遗弃;舍弃
vt.背离;使失望
同一个单词的不同汉语意思
①He finally hit the target after he shot at it several times. 　　　　　
②To make some of my landscape shots,I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. (2023·全国乙卷)　　　　　
③Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets,hitting a baseball,or throwing a football,preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. (2021·浙江6月卷) 　　　　　
④Once we set foot on the park,we found the roses putting out new shoots. 　 　
shoot
vt.射击
vi.拍摄
vt.射(门);投(篮)
n.芽,苗
balance
　　I often spend a lot of money protecting some rare animals to help keep the
①balance of nature. So when seeing my bank ②balance, I have to ③balance the advantages against the disadvantages before I give up my present job.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
①n.平衡　②n.余额　③ vt.权衡
1.句型公式:if引导虚拟条件句
课本原句:Of course,it wouldn't matter if there were just a few people in the world.
当然,如果世界上只有几个人,那就无所谓了。
【经典造句】　
If I were a dustman,I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.
如果我是一名环卫工人,我会让我们的城市更干净,街上没有任何垃圾。
重点句型讲解
本句为if引导的虚拟条件句,表示与现在事实相反的假设。
不同虚拟条件句中谓语动词的形式如下:从句:had done
虚拟过去从句:had done
虚拟过去主句:would/could/should/might have done
虚拟现在从句:did(be动词用were/was)
虚拟现在主句:would/could/should/might to
推测将来从句:did/were to do/should do
推测将来主句: would/could/should/might do
2.句型公式:with复合结构
课本原句:In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的一举一动!
【经典造句】　
With my heart starting to beat and my mouth dry,I rose to my feet and headed for the stage.
我的心开始咚咚跳,嘴里发干,我站起来,向舞台走去。
句中加黑部分为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”作状语。
“with+宾语+宾语补足语”即with复合结构,在句中多作状语,也可以作定语。常见的结构有:
with+宾语+形容词/副词/名词/介词短语(表状态)
with+宾语+动词-ing形式(表主动、进行)
with+宾语+动词-ed形式(表被动、完成)
with+宾语+to do(表主动、将要发生)
part three
课时习题巩固检测
完形填空
In high school,I did a scientific experiment.The experiment made me
　1　 that science could teach us a lot.It teaches us the 　2　 so we know where we are from.That day,I firmly 　3　 to be a scientist.Ever since that day,I have studied harder 　4　 in all my science-related subjects.After school,I do much research on how I can become a 　5　 scientist in the future.
(　　)1.A. suspect B. wonder
C. realise D. value
C
【解析】 根据下文描述科学教会了我们的具体内容可知,该空表示那次实验让作者意识到(realise)了科学能教会我们很多东西。故选C。
(　　)2.A. school B. origin
C. growth D. study
B
【解析】 根据空后的内容“so we know where we are from”可知,科学教了我们起源(origin)。故选B。
(　　)3.A. refused B. volunteered
C. continued D. decided
D
【解析】 根据上文的“science could teach us a lot”可知,作者通过做实验发现了科学能教会我们很多东西;再根据下文可知,作者更加努力地学习与科学有关的学科,所以该空描述作者决定(decided)成为一名科学家。故选D。
(　　)4.A. especially B. possibly
C. properly D. separately
A
【解析】 上文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家,所以会对与科学相关的课程尤其(especially)关注。故选A。
(　　)5.A. happy B. popular
C. real D. careful
C
【解析】 上文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家并为之付出努力,所以此处指作者去研究如何成为一名真正的(real)科学家。故选C。
One of my 　6　 for my becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock,
who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.At 25, she already had her PhD in botany.After that,she started her 　7　 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she
　8　 herself to that research for the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the 　9　 to achieve my ambition as a scientist,I want to be like Doctor McClintock.She 　10　 something that helped the other scientists 　11　 the things about genetics.
(　　)6.A. experiences B. persuasions
C. generations D. inspirations
D
【解析】 根据下文介绍的科学家Barbara McClintock可知,她是使作者产生动机的人(inspirations)之一。故选D。
(　　)7.A. attempt B. career
C. praise D. tradition
B
【解析】 下文“the development of maize cytogenetics”是她事业(career)的具体内容。故选B。
(　　)8.A. devoted B. invited
C. limited D. decreased
A
【解析】 根据空后的“for the rest of her life”可知,Barbara McClintock把余生都奉献(devoted)给了那项研究。故选A。
(　　)9.A. reason B. freedom
C. right D. opportunity
D
【解析】 根据下文的“I want to be like Doctor McClintock”和空前的提示词“lucky”可知,此处表示还未发生,所以是被给予成为科学家的机会(opportunity)。故选D。
(　　)10.A. heard B. expected
C. discovered D. awarded
C
【解析】 根据下文的“something that helped the other scientists”可知,她发现(discovered)的一些东西帮助了其他科学家。故选C。
(　　)11.A. set out B. figure out
C. stick out D. break out
B
【解析】 McClintock博士所发现的东西帮助了其他科学家弄清楚(figure out)关于遗传学的内容。故选B。
I know I will be able to achieve my 　12　 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it.If I achieve my goal,I will share my 　13　 of success with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists.
My future will be as 　14　 as the stars in the night sky.However,my future is still far.I will make the most of the 　15　 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist.
(　　)12.A. dream B. reward
C. fame D. stage
A
【解析】 根据空前的动词“achieve”可知,这里指实现梦想(dream),同时呼应前文的“ambition”。故选A。
(　　)13.A. fortune B. location
C. light D. secret
D
【解析】 根据空后的“of success with all the kids”可知,作者会和孩子们分享成功的秘诀(secret)。故选D。
(　　)14.A. bright B. capable
C. proud D. brave
A
【解析】 作者把自己的未来比作夜空中的星星,所以应该是明亮的(bright)。故选A。
(　　)15.A. lesson B. present
C. mind D. heart
B
【解析】 上文描述作者的未来还很遥远,所以此处应该是作者会充分把握现在(present)去实现自己的目标。故选B。
语法填空
(2025·八省联考)
In 2010,the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages.The goal was two-fold:1.　　 　　(celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2.　　　　(tongue).
to celebrate
tongues
1.【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语为was,空处为非谓语动词,应用动词不定式作目的状语,与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。
2.【解析】 考查名词复数。根据空前的“all six”可知,空处应用tongue(语言)的复数形式。故填tongues。
Language is the carrier of communication,the bridge of interaction between nations,3.　　 the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time,a language and its individual 4.　　　　(write) forms make up the “soul” of a nation’s cultural tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 5.　 　　　(treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6.　　 the world to better understand China,but also 7.　　　 　(promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
and
written
be treated
for
promotes
3.【解析】 考查连词。“the carrier of communication”“the bridge of interaction between nations”和“the bond of understanding among civilizations”是并列关系,共同阐述语言的作用。故填and。
4.【解析】 考查形容词。空处修饰名词forms,应用形容词written作前置定语,written forms意为“书写形式”。故填written。
5.【解析】 考查动词语态。主语Every language与动词treat构成被动关系,应用be treated表被动,且空处位于情态动词should后。故填be treated。
6.【解析】 考查介词。固定短语provide sth for sb/sth,意为“为某人/某物提供某物”。故填for。
7.【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处是由“not only...but also...”连接的并列谓语,时态应用一般现在时,且主语The UN Chinese Language Day为单数,因此空处应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填promotes。
Today,more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in
8.　　　 　(improve) communication and cooperation between China and 9. 　 rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture,the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history,its hard-working people,
its development through 10.　　　 　(innovate),and its inclusiveness.China,
on its part,will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
improving
the
innovation
8.【解析】 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词in的宾语,应用其动名词形式。故填improving。
9.【解析】 考查冠词。固定短语the rest of...意为“……的其余部分”。故填the。
10.【解析】 考查名词。空处作介词through的宾语,应用其名词形式,意为“创新”。故填innovation。
结语
十年磨剑放光芒，笔尖生辉多力量，自信满满心莫慌，满腔热血上战场，才思隽永心中藏，知识重点全不忘，乘风破浪会有时，金榜题名定辉煌。祝同学们高考加油！
THANK YOU!

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