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(共28张PPT)
Unit 4 History and Traditions
Reading and Thinking
Learn about a country through its history
Read the maps below and figure out the names of the countries.
China
America
the Great Britain
the United Kingdom
England
the UK
the United States of America
the People’s Republic of China
Lead in
What’s in a name
（Reading and Thinking）
1. Which is the national flag of the UK
C
A
B
the Union Jack
How much do you know about the UK
√
2. Which is the bank note of the UK
Euros
Dollars
Pounds
C
A
B
√
3. Which is the longest river in England
A
B
C
the River Avon
the River Thames
the River Severn
√
4. What are the provinces called in England
A. departments
B. states
C. counties
√
郡
5. Who rules the country
A. The Queen/ The King
B. The Prime Minister 首相
C. Both
The king— the head of the state, but in name only.
The most powerful one is the Prime Minister, who controls everything.
√
Pre-reading
Tips:
Read a map
When you look at a map, think first about what the map shows and what the symbols mean.
What does the map show
It shows the four different parts that make up the UK and some of the major cities.
04
02
03
01
ENGLAND
WALES
SCOTLAND
NORTHERN
IRELAND
What puzzles the man in the video
Great Britain
England
Britain
the United Kingdom
Today’s Task：
Help William to distinguish the following terms.
While-reading
→fast reading: read for main ideas
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
A. The origin of the name of the UK.
B. The influences of the four groups of
invaders.
C. The significance of studying the
British history.
D. The similarities and differences of the
four countries.
E. The introduction to the topic.
How many names are used to refer to the UK and what are they
What does the author suggest to solve this puzzle
What is the function of the first paragraph
The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
While-reading
→careful reading: read for details (para.1)
→introduce the topic
Read para.2: Circle the words that describe time and draw a timeline to show what happened and how the name changed during these periods.
While-reading
→careful reading: read for details (para.2)
16th century
18th century
19th century
20th century
————
was joined
Wales
——————
was joined
Scotland
—————
was added
Ireland
Ireland broke away
Southern
England
+Wales
England+Wales
+Scotland
(Great Britain)
Great Britain
+ Northern Ireland
Great Britain
+Ireland
+
+
=
Do the four countries work together in all areas
the UK
Para 3: The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
However, they also have some differences.
Similarities
Differences
flag
currency
military defence
education system
legal system
traditions
football teams
How does the writer develop Para. 3
A. By expressing some personal opinions. B. By using a couple of quotes.
C. By referring to a social phenomenon. D. By making some comparisons.
√
While-reading
→careful reading: read for details (para.4)
In the history of the UK, there once appeared 4 groups of invaders who conquered the country. Find out who they are according to the timeline.
1st century
5th century
8th century
11th century
Romans
Anglo-Saxons
Vikings
Normans
While-reading
→careful reading: read for details (para.4)
Read para.4 and sort out the information.
When？ What happened What changed
1st century Roman arrived
5th century Anglo-Saxons came
8th century Vikings came
11th century Normans came
Built the first towns and good roads
Introduced the beginnings of English language;
Changed the way people built houses
Left behind many new vocabulary and the names of locations
Had castles built;
Made changes to the legal system
While-reading
→careful reading: read for details (para.5)
There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
Who do you think are the intended readers of this passage
Tourists/Visitors to the UK
While-reading
→careful reading: read for details (para.5)
There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
What is the main purpose of the last paragraph
To advise visitors to study the history and culture of the UK before visiting it.
Post-reading
Why is it important to study the history and culture of the UK
→discuss with your partners!
To make your visit more enjoyable. (para.5)
To solve our puzzles about the names. (para.1)
To help you understand more about the country and its traditions. (para.4)
Post-reading
So, what’s in a name？
→discuss with your partners!
In a name, there is _________________.
history
culture & tradition
politics
geography
civilization
Let’s learn the language points!
para 1:
The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
confused： v.感到困惑的
confuse： v.使迷惑
confusing： adj.令人困惑的
confusion： n.困惑
puzzled：adj.困惑的
puzzling：adj.令人困惑的
puzzlement：n.困惑
what引导的宾语从句，作by的宾语
If any：if条件状语从句的省略：
if so 如果这样的话
if not 如果不这样的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果有可能的话
Para 2: In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.
in the xxth century：在……世纪
join…to/and…：…与…相连接
add…to…：把…加入…
break away(from sb/sth) 脱离；背叛；逃脱
result in 导致，造成（+结果）
result from 由……造成（+原因）
as a result of 由于
as a result 因此
full name：全称
shortened name：简称
which引导的非限定从；省略关系词的定从
refer to sth as…：把某物称作…（refer-referred-referred）
be referred to as…：被称作…（be known as…）
which引导的非限定从
para 3: The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
belong to：属于…（无被动）
that引导的定从
过去分词作后置定语
as well as：同；和；还
military defence：军事防卫
para 4: The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history. Exploring it can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. They built the first towns and good roads. Next, the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses.
be surrounded by：被……包围
take over：接管；占领；控制；占上风
the Romans为同位语
定语从句，先行词为the way且从句缺状语，可用that/in which引导或省略
everywhere引导的地点状语从句
到处，处处
The Vikings came in the eighth century and left behind lots of new vocabulary, as well as the names of many locations across the UK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. The Normans were French, so many French words slowly entered into the English language.
leave behind：留下；抛下
conquer v.征服；占领→conqueror n.征服者
“have＋宾语(通常为sth.)＋过去分词(短语)”： “使某事被做”
主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做
Have sth done 中，过去分词做宾语补足语
集体名词
make changs to 对……做出改变
para 5: There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当；
as 引导原因状语从句；
that 引导限制性定从
dating all the way back to ...作后置定语
keep one’s eyes open (for)留心；留意
Unit 4 History and Traditions
Reading and Thinking
Thank you!

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