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辽宁省2026届高考模拟质量检测试卷
英语试卷
分值：150分 时间：120分钟
注意事项
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。
1. What will the man do
A. Throw a party. B. Buy some gifts. C. Make a cake.
2. What does the woman think of the leading actor's performance
A. Creative. B. Interesting. C. Lifeless.
3. When may the speakers meet
A. At 3:30 p. m. B. At 4:00 p. m. C. At 5:00 p. m.
4. What does the man wear today
A. A thick coat. B. A jacket. C. A sweater.
5. Where are the speakers probably
A. On a bus. B. On the subway C. In the office.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Jenny doing
A. Reading. B. Gardening. C. Drawing.
7. What does the man suggest doing
A. Taking a picture. B. Changing rooms. C. Growing a houseplant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How old is Nick now
A. 8. B. 10. C. 18.
9. Why does Nick keep practicing every day
A. To relax himself.
B. To attract more fans.
C. To improve basic skills.
10. What does Mary imply in the end
A. She prefers pop music.
B. She wants to learn the guitar.
C. She supports Nick's dream.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What are the speakers talking about
A. Tom's busy schedule.
B. Tom's first day at work.
C. Tom's office environment.
12. How does Tom feel about his company
A. Satisfied. B. Stressed. C. Curious.
13. Where did Tom learn detailed company rules
A. From the handbook.
B. From the senior designer.
C. From the official website.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What do Emma's parents want her to do during the summer vacation
A. Help analyze data. B. Learn to drive. C. Find a part-time job.
15. Why does David want a new computer
A. To work better. B. To test some software. C. To master new skills.
16. What benefit of working together does David mention
A. Saving more money. B. Supporting each other. C. Earning higher wages.
17. Which position will Emma apply for
A. The shop manager. B. The sales assistant. C. The cafe server.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who launched the "insect summer" project
A. A group of biology students.
B. An environmental organization.
C. A nature-related museum in Berlin.
19. Why are regular people involved in the project
A. They may inspire new ideas.
B. They can observe precisely.
C. They know the insects well.
20. What is the purpose of this project
A. To discover new species.
B. To collect data for research.
C. To define the role of insects.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Driving in Bangkok might seem challenging with its heavy traffic, but once you leave the capital, roads become much calmer. Thailand's roads are well maintained, rental costs are reasonable, and there's plenty to see. It's smart to start your road trip outside Bangkok by renting a vehicle in smaller towns.
Phuket to Satun
This 550 km trip along the Andaman Coast offers beautiful island views. Starting from Phuket, travelers can explore Phang-Nga Bay's unique islands, visit Krabi's famous climbing cliffs, and enjoy beaches at Ko Lanta. The trip ends with snorkeling（浮潜）and hiking at Ko Tarutao Marine National Park.
Mae Hong Son Loop
This 604 km journey from Chiang Mai features 1,864 curves through green hills. Visitors can explore Doi Inthanon National Park, relax in Mae Sariang's riverside town, and enjoy Mae Hong Son's temples. The route includes stops at Su Tong Pae bamboo bridge and the traveler-friendly town of Pai.
Chiang Rai to Phayao
This 250 km route takes you through Northern Thailand's cultural sites. Starting with Chiang Rai's famous white temple, the journey continues north to the Lao border town of Chiang Khong. The trip ends in peaceful Phayao, showing traditional Thai life.
Hua Hin to Surat Thani
This 580 km coastal journey takes you through quiet beach towns and Khao Sok National Park, one of the world's oldest rainforests. The trip ends at Surat Thani, where travelers can continue to popular islands like Ko Samui for beaches and scuba diving.
21. Which is the longest road trip
A. Phuket to Satun. B. Mae Hong Son Loop.
C. Chiang Rai to Phayao. D. Hua Hin to Surat Thani.
22. What can tourists enjoy at Chiang Rai to Phayao
A. Thai culture. B. Scuba diving.
C. Snorkeling. D. Island hopping.
23. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A travel guidebook. B. A history book.
C. A personal travel blog. D. A city map.
B
After retiring from professional soccer in 2013, Amir Lowery returned home and began coaching at a youth club. He knew that the city's immigrant（移民）communities included many soccer enthusiasts, but girls and boys from such communities were nowhere to be seen on the costly club circuit. Two years later, Lowery co-founded the Open Goal Project to help talented young players who could not afford club fees. The program supports about 500 children who play on eight free club teams, in a mini-league, and at summer camps. Beyond soccer skills, participants learn nutrition, financial knowledge, and receive academic and college guidance.
Joining his first soccer program at age 4, Lowery played for youth clubs and his parents sacrificed time, money and energy to transport him to games and tournaments. He had a social network of people who backed his passion and really wanted to see him succeed. That foundation helped him earn a full scholarship to Wake Forest University, where he captained the men's team before joining Major League Soccer.
The Open Goal Project operates on an annual budget of roughly $700,000. Local officials say the families it serves would otherwise have no access to high-level soccer. Lowery also hopes the program will broaden the soccer talent pool, and argues that rising costs—often near $1,000 a year per child—preclude many skilled players. Removing financial barriers, he believes, would reveal much untapped talent.
On a sunny afternoon, Lowery leads a practice on a field, where dozens of kids train and parents sit in chairs, watching proudly. Coach Precious Ogu, once an early Open Goal Project participant, understands how priceless such a sense of belonging is. Feeling out of place in a wealthy suburban club shaped her belief in the Open Goal Project's mission. As practice ends and the children walk off the field, it's clear they leave with more than ball skills.
24. Why was the Open Goal Project established
A. To lower fees of the soccer club.
B. To inspire talented soccer players globally.
C. To equip children with multi-skills.
D. To fire soccer dreams of gifted poor kids.
25. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The influence of sports. B. Lowery's achievements.
C. The value of assistance. D. Lowery's love for soccer.
26. What does the underlined word "preclude" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Transform. B. Prevent. C. Rejuvenate. D. Disappoint.
27. Which aspect of the project matters most to Precious Ogu
A. It forms closer family bonds.
B. It thinks highly of welfare services.
C. It opens the path to the future.
D. It creates a harmonious atmosphere.
C
You've been there before: promising to finish that report by Thursday, or assuring your partner you'll be ready in "just five minutes". Then reality hits, deadlines fly by, and you're left wondering why you're so bad at estimating time. You're not alone. Most people tend to systematically underestimate the time, costs, and risks of future actions while overestimating their benefits. This is the "planning fallacy （谬误）", first described by psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky.
The planning fallacy is more than just poor time management. When planning, you tend to imagine an ideal situation, for example, visualizing yourself typing the message, perhaps reviewing it once, and hitting "send". In reality, new urgent emails will arrive in the process, or you need to look up some specific figures for reference, which lengthens your completion time.
This cognitive（认知的）bias is especially evident in large projects. The Sydney Opera House, for instance, was completed ten years behind schedule and its cost ballooned from $7 million to $102 million. Similarly, Berlin's new airport opened nine years late with a cost overrun of 4 billion euros. Such misjudgments occur because optimistic estimates come together when multiple people are involved, often worsened by the sunk cost fallacy—the tendency to continue investing in a failing project rather than admit failure.
According to experts, instead of relying on your sensation, you can try using the "outside view" by reflecting on how long similar tasks actually took in the past. Keeping a simple log of previous tasks can provide valuable data. Moreover, add time buffers（缓冲）as percentages—such as 25% or 50%—rather than fixed amounts. Breaking larger projects into smaller, manageable steps also improves accuracy. Additionally, using specific "if-then" plans can enhance commitment and execution.
Learning to make realistic time estimates not only reduces stress and improves work quality but also enhances your reputation for reliability. Over time, better planning can free up mental energy, protect your time, and create more opportunities for creativity and new pursuits.
28. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By showing real-life phenomena. B. By explaining a specific concept.
C. By sharing individual experiences. D. By presenting a widespread belief.
29. Why do people often underestimate their task completion time
A. They prefer to do things in an ideal way.
B. They lack skills in handling emergencies.
C. They picture an interruption-free situation.
D. They pay no attention to time management.
30. What do the examples in paragraph 3 indicate
A. Cognitive bias hits large projects the hardest.
B. Groups are more likely to make misjudgments.
C. The sunk cost fallacy is the root of project failure.
D. Planning optimism causes delays and overspending.
31. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4
A. Traditional practices in task scheduling.
B. The psychology of the planning fallacy.
C. Strategies to avoid the planning fallacy.
D. The direct benefits of realistic planning.
D
Newly published research finds that tropical forests can recover up to twice as fast after deforestation with sufficient soil nitrogen（氮）. Scientists from the University of Leeds launched the largest and longest experiment ever designed to examine how nutrients shape forest regrowth in tropical areas cleared for agriculture.
They selected 76 forest plots across Central America and monitored them for up to 20 years. Each site differed in age and size, allowing the team to track tree growth and death during forest recovery. Different nutrient treatments were applied to test nutrient roles. Some got nitrogen fertilizer, some phosphorus（磷）, some both, and others none. This allowed direct comparison of forest responses to different soil conditions.
The results showed that soil nutrients strongly influence tropical forest regrowth speed: nitrogen-rich forests recovered twice as fast as nitrogen-lacking ones in the first 10 recovery years, while phosphorus alone had no such effect. The findings were published on January 13 in the journal Nature Communications. Lead author Tang Wenguang said, "Our study is inspiring because it suggests there are ways we can boost the storage of greenhouse gases through reforestation by managing the nutrients available to trees."
Although nitrogen fertilizer was used in the experiment, the researchers do not recommend fertilizing forests. Widespread fertilizer use could lead to harmful side effects including polluting rivers and lakes and making the soil too weak for trees to stay healthy. Instead, the team suggests practical alternatives. Forest managers could plant trees from the bean family, which naturally add nitrogen to the soil. Another option is restoring forests in areas that already have sufficient nitrogen due to the effects of air pollution.
Tropical forests slow climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide and storing it in trees. If young tropical forests worldwide lack nitrogen, they may fail to store about 0.69 billion tonnes of CO2 each year—roughly equal to two years of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas release in the U.K.
32. What is the experiment targeted at
A. Recovery speed of tropical forests.
B. The role of nutrients in forest regrowth.
C. Restoration of forests in cleared areas.
D. The environmental impact of deforestation.
33. What did the experiment find about forest regrowth
A. Nitrogen boosts recovery speed. B. Combined nutrients work better.
C. Tropical forests recover naturally. D. Phosphorus aids regrowth indirectly.
34. What can be inferred from the researchers' recommendation
A. CO2 release should be monitored.
B. Bean family trees should be cut down.
C. Nitrogen fertilizer should be used widely.
D. We should turn to nature-based solutions.
35. What is the best title of the text
A. Nitrogen: Impact on Climate Change
B. Tropical Forests: Global Carbon Sinks
C. Tropical Forests: Growth with Phosphorus
D. Nitrogen: The Secret Driving Forest Regrowth
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Achieving academic success isn't just about hitting the books harder. 36._______. Imagine transforming your study routine into a series of small, enjoyable habits that lead to big results. These insider tips will help you shine academically while enjoying the process.
Study Smarter, Not Harder
Picture this: You're explaining a concept to a friend, and suddenly, it clicks for both of you. 37._______. Teaching others can lead to a 90% retention（保留）rate.
Master Time Management
Time management is linked to higher academic performance. Break tasks into manageable chunks to avoid feeling overwhelmed, and use techniques like the Pomodoro method（番茄工作法）, which involves working for 25 minutes followed by a short break. 38._______.
Use Available Resources
39._______. School resources like libraries, tutoring centers, and study groups are invaluable. Online resources, including educational websites, forums, and video tutorials, offer a wealth of information.
40._______
A positive attitude can transform your academic journey. Embrace a growth mindset by viewing challenges and failures as opportunities to learn. Manage stress with mindfulness, meditation, and regular exercise to stay calm and focused.
Adopt Healthy Habits
Healthy habits are essential for academic success. Nutrition and water are critical for brain function, so fuel your body with a balanced diet. Sleep is equally important—aim for 7-9 hours of quality rest each night. Regular exercise boosts your mood, reduces stress, and enhances brain health.
Remember, academic success isn't just about working harder but working smarter and taking care of your overall well-being.
A. Have a Fixed Mindset
B. Keep a Positive Mindset
C. That's the power of active learning
D. Make the most of the resources at your disposal
E. This method can improve concentration and productivity
F. It's about studying smarter, keeping a positive outlook and more
G. Regular breaks and physical activities are linked to improved concentration
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I've finally faced the fear that has troubled me for 30 years. Like millions, I fear flying. When my daughter moved to Beijing, I knew I had to 41 it.
Flying terrifies me—my heart racing and legs shaking. I'm not 42 . Research shows many share this fear. And for me, frequent short work flights only made it 43 ,especially those lonely late-night ones.
With a visit to China coming, I 44 for an airline-offered course called "Flying with Confidence". At the airport, I was 45 by how many others had paid 399 to face the same fear. Among them was Mia, who stopped flying after a sudden panic attack. Now pregnant（怀孕的）, she wanted to 46 passing her fear down to her child.
Pilots led the morning session. Learning 47 , like a plane gliding（滑行）100 miles if engines stop, was comforting. They emphasized the 48 safety rules and over 100,000 safe flights daily.
The afternoon focused on 49 . The doctor patiently explained that "fear of fear" is common. He taught us to "breathe and squeeze"—slow breaths to control stress chemicals, and muscle squeezes to focus the mind. We practiced and it 50 .
Then came the 51 flight. As we boarded, earlier excitement turned to obvious 52 . Captain Miller provided a calming broadcast. When turbulence（气流）hit, I used the 53 technique. For the first time, panic didn't 54 .
The moment I exited the plane was emotional. My hands were still shaking, but my heart was already racing 55 , to my daughter in Beijing.
41. A. accept B. ignore C. test D. overcome
42. A. different B. alone C. unique D. brave
43. A. worse B. less C. easier D. clearer
44. A. longed B. planned C. searched D. registered
45. A. touched B. struck C. puzzled D. annoyed
46. A. avoid B. deny C. forget D. delay
47. A. skills B. facts C. theories D. news
48. A. latest B. multiple C. secret D. strict
49. A. assessment B. behavior C. psychology D. communication
50. A. worked B. happened C. varied D. mattered
51. A. personal B. normal C. first D. actual
52. A. boredom B. disappointment C. tension D. confusion
53. A. traditional B. learned C. inspiring D. usual
54. A. show off B. break down C. take over D. fade away
55. A. ahead B. again C. around D. along
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most ancient Chinese city walls followed a "square or rectangular（长方形的）" layout—this was not an accident, but a choice 56.__________ (root) in defense and tradition. In traditional Chinese culture, the square 57.__________ (symbolize) stability and order, and a square wall makes 58.__________ easier for soldiers to defend every side.
Another key part of the layout is the moat（护城河）, a deep wide channel dug around the wall and filled with water that acted as 59.__________ first line of defense: enemies trying to climb the wall on any side would have to cross the water first. Some cities even built "suspension bridges" over the moat 60.__________ (reinforce) the protection—these bridges could be lifted either at night 61.__________ in times of danger to cut off access. Together, the square wall, the wide moat, and the 62.__________ (move) bridge formed a "three-layer defense system" that kept ancient cities safe for centuries.
Every part of ancient city walls tells a story of wisdom. These structures aren't just old buildings; they're vivid 63.__________ (textbook) of ancient Chinese engineering and culture. Next time you walk along an ancient wall, take a much 64.__________ (close) look and you'll see every brick and carving is a gift from our ancestors, a reminder of 65.__________ they used their brains to build a safe and beautiful home.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周五你校邀请了某航天员来校做报告。请你给你的英国好友Kevin写一封邮件分享此次活动，内容包括：
（1）报告内容；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Kevin,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the quiet village of Ashford, life moved at a gentle pace. The village was known for its close-knit（关系密切的）community, where everyone knew each other's names and stories. Among them was the Bennett family, and the bond between the family members was as strong as the ancient oak tree （橡树） that stood in their backyard.
Mr. Bennett, a retired history teacher, spent his days tending to his garden and reading tales of British traditions. His wife, Mrs. Bennett, was the heart of the home, always baking small round cakes and making tea for family gatherings. Their son, James, had moved to London years ago to pursue a career in finance, leaving behind his parents and younger sister, Emily.
Emily, a spirited 16-year-old, often felt the absence of her brother. James rarely returned to visit, always citing work commitments. One day, while helping her father in the garden, Emily found an old photo album（相册）on a dusty shelf. It was filled with pictures of James as a child—joyfully building sandcastles on Brighton Beach, enthusiastically celebrating holidays by the fireplace, and energetically playing ball games on the village green.
"Dad, why doesn't James come home anymore " Emily asked, her voice full of sadness and confusion, as she looked up with eyes that searched for comfort and answers. Mr. Bennett said softly, "Life takes people in different directions, honey. But family is always here, waiting."
That evening, inspired by the memories described in the photographs, Emily resolved to write a heartfelt letter to James. She poured her emotions onto the page, expressing how deeply they missed him and painting a vivid picture of how the village had transformed over the years. She enclosed a photo of the oak tree, now taller and stronger, alongside the words, "This tree has grown, just like our love for you."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Several days later, James received the letter. ___________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When James arrived home, the family was overjoyed. _____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 得分
答案 B C C B B A C C A C B A A B A
题号 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 得分
答案 A C B A B B A A D C B D A C D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 得分
答案 C B A D D F C E D B D B A D B
题号 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 得分
答案 A B D C A D C B C A
第一部分 听力
1-5. BCCBB 6-10. ACCAC
11-15. BAABA 16-20. ACBAB
附：听力录音材料
Text 1
M: Did you remember to prepare some gifts for Adam's party
W: Oh, I completely forgot! I was so busy with the cake.
M: That's alright. I'll run to the store quickly. We still have time.
Text 2
M: Did you enjoy the movie last night
W: Not really. The leading actor is terrible. He makes no facial expression and his performance is dry and dull. But the story was a bit innovative, to be honest.
M: Really I thought it was engaging. I guess we have different tastes.
Text 3
W: Are you coming to the library with me at three thirty this afternoon
M: I'd love to, but I have an hour-long football practice at four o'clock.
W: Okay. Maybe we can meet after you finish.
Text 4
M: It's so cold today! I should have worn my thicker coat.
W: Yes, the temperature dropped a lot. A jacket is not enough to keep you warm. The weather report said it might snow tomorrow.
M: Snow That would be great! I can wear my new sweater then.
Text 5
W: The subway is so crowded at this time of day.
M: I know. It's much faster than the bus, though.
W: You're right. Being stuck in traffic is worse. I was late for work several times last month because of that.
Text 6
M: What's got you so absorbed, Jenny I haven't heard a sound from you for an hour.
W: Oh, it's this book. It's about a lonely girl who discovers a hidden garden. The story is full of magic and friendship. It makes me want to have my own garden.
M: Maybe you can start with a small plant in your room. It doesn't take up too much room and you don't have to spend a lot of time taking care of it.
W: That's a great idea! How about this kind of rose in the picture It's so fantastic!
Text 7
W: Nick, that was a beautiful piece you just played! When did you first learn to play the guitar
M: Thanks, Mary! I started when I was 10. My uncle, who's been a music teacher for 8 years, gave me my first guitar and taught me the basic skills in his first summer vacation.
W: That's wonderful. You play so smoothly now. Do you manage to practice every day
M: Yes. I'll practice for at least 30 minutes before bed, because it really helps me clear my mind after a long and busy day at school.
W: I can imagine! What kind of music do you enjoy playing the most
M: Pop music. It's good for improving my technique. My dream is to form a band with some friends one day.
W: That sounds amazing! I'll be your first fan.
Text 8
W: So, how was your first day at the new company, Tom I've been curious all day!
M: It was great, Sarah. Honestly, I was a bit nervous this morning, but everyone was friendly and helpful. My manager, Mark, spent the first hour just showing me around and making me feel welcome.
W: That's a good start! What's the office like And what did you end up doing today
M: The office is equipped with advanced computers. My desk is by the window, so I get a nice view. I went through the company handbook to learn about the company rules in detail and met my team. A senior designer, Lisa, showed me some of the ongoing projects.
W: That sounds perfect! I'm really happy for you.
Text 9
M: Hey, Emma. Have you decided what you're going to do this summer vacation
W: Not really, David. It's really a hard decision. My parents advise me to sign up for driving lessons and get a driver's license. They keep saying it's an essential skill, and I think they're right. What about you
M: I want to earn money and buy a new laptop. Mine is so old and slow that it can barely run the software I need for my data analysis work. It's a necessity at this point.
W: I heard the new shopping mall downtown is hiring a lot of part-time staff for the summer, like sales assistants and cafe servers. We could apply together. The manager told me that sales assistants earn the most.
M: Good idea! It will be fun if we work together. And we could even remind each other not to spend all our earnings right away. Let's go to the mall tomorrow morning.
W: OK! How I wish I could serve the hot coffee in delicate cups!
Text 10
How many insects can you count in one hour That is the question being asked by a group of environmentalists outside of Berlin's Natural History Museum. The Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union, or NABU, has organized the insect summer project, asking regular people to help count the insects they see within 10 meters. The project is not like precise scientific observations. However, the discoveries of regular people can give professional researchers unexpected insights.
Laura Breitkreuz is an expert on insects and biodiversity at NABU. She said this project was to help scientists get information for their study on the effects of climate change. They have seen that a few insects that normally occur only in the south are spreading further north. In recent years, the number of some insects has dropped due to human causes. The project not only helps the scientists, but helps people respect the role that insects play in their daily lives.
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
21. 答案：B
解析：细节理解题。哪段公路旅行的路程是最长的？文中第三段第一句提到"This 604 km journey from Chiang Mai features 1,864 curves through green hills."，意为"这段从清迈出发的604千米行程以1,864个（蜿蜒）穿过青山间的弯道为特色"。通读全文并结合定位句可知，Mae Hong Son Loop的路线是最长的。故选B。
22. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。游客在从清莱到帕尧的路线中能欣赏到什么？文中第四段第二、三句提到"Starting with Chiang Rai's famous white temple, the journey continues north to the Lao border town of Chiang Khong. The trip ends in peaceful Phayao, showing traditional Thai life."，意为"旅程从清莱著名的白庙开始，继续向北到达老挝边境城镇清孔镇。这段旅程在宁静的帕尧结束，展现了泰国传统的生活风貌"。由此可知，游客可以体验泰国文化（Thai culture）。故选A。
23. 答案：A
解析：文章出处题。这篇文章可能摘自哪里？本文介绍了在泰国境内适合自驾游的四条路线，在这四条路线中，游客能欣赏自然风光或体验文化特色。由此可推知，本文出自一本旅游指南。故选A。
24. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。为什么设立Open Goal Project？A项"为了降低足球俱乐部费用"；B项"为了激励全世界有天赋的足球运动员"；C项"为了使孩子们掌握多种技能"；D项"为了点燃有天赋的贫困孩子的足球梦"。根据第一段中的"girls and boys from such communities were nowhere to be seen on the costly club circuit"（在昂贵的俱乐部巡回赛上看不到来自这些社区的男孩女孩）和"to help talented young players who could not afford club fees"（帮助那些负担不起俱乐部费用的有天赋的年轻球员）可知，该项目设立的初衷是消除经济障碍，让有天赋的贫困孩子也能追求足球梦想。A项，文中未提及是否会降低俱乐部费用；B项，"globally"范围过大，扶助对象来自"the city's immigrant（移民）communities"，且此处未涉及"负担不起费用"这个条件；C项，提供多种技能是项目内容，非设立目的。
25. 答案：C
解析：主旨要义题。第二段主要是关于什么的？A项"体育运动的影响力"；B项"Lowery的成就"；C项"支持的重要性"；D项"Lowery对足球的热爱"。根据第二段中的"his parents sacrificed time, money and energy... tournaments"可知，他的父母牺牲了时间、金钱和精力来支持他参与足球运动。根据"He had a social network of people who backed his passion and really wanted to see him succeed"可知，他身边有一群支持他的爱好且真心希望他成功的人，而"That foundation helped"说明上述支持非常重要。结合这些信息可推断，本段核心是阐述"支持"在他成长中的重要作用，即parents sacrificed + network of people + backed his passion + wanted to see him succeed + That foundation helped→The value of assistance。A项，段落聚焦个人经历中获得的支持而非"体育运动的影响力"；B项，"成就"仅是支持的结果；D项，对足球的热爱是背景信息，非段落核心。
26. 答案：B
解析：词汇理解题。第三段中画线词"preclude"是什么意思？A项"改变"；B项"阻止"；C项"使更有活力"；D项"使失望"。根据画线词所在句的"rising costs... many skilled players"（不断上涨的费用……很多有技能的运动员）和画线词后的"Removing financial barriers, he believes, would reveal much untapped talent"（他认为，消除经济障碍将发掘许多未被开发的才能）的对比可知，此处应是表示高昂费用阻止很多有技能的运动员参与。
27. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。对Precious Ogu来说，这个项目最重要的是什么？A项"它形成了更紧密的家庭纽带"；B项"它高度重视福利服务"；C项"它为未来开辟了道路"；D项"它创造了和谐的氛围"。根据末段中的"Coach Precious Ogu... understands how priceless such a sense of belonging is. Feeling out of place in a wealthy suburban club shaped her belief..."可知，教练Precious Ogu理解这种归属感多么宝贵，她曾经在富裕的郊区俱乐部感到格格不入的经历塑造了她的信念，再结合本段开头和结尾描述的训练场景可知，她最看重的是项目为孩子们创造的归属感和被接纳、受欢迎的环境。故选D项。A项，家庭纽带可以视为该项目的附带效果，但不是Precious Ogu最关注的地方；B项，该项目虽有福利性质，但文中没有信息表明这是Precious Ogu最关心的点；C项，"开辟未来道路"是对"they leave with more than ball skills"的过度引申。
28. 答案：A
解析：推理判断题。作者是如何引出话题的？A项"通过展示现实生活现象"；B项"通过解释一个具体概念"；C项"通过分享个人经历"；D项"通过呈现一个普遍看法"。根据第一段的"promising to finish that report by Thursday... you're left wondering why you're so bad at estimating time" "This is the 'planning fallacy （谬误）', first described by psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky."可知，文章开篇描绘了两个具体且普遍的生活场景：承诺周四完成报告却未能做到，以及告诉伴侣"五分钟就准备好"实则更久。通过描述这些场景，作者自然地引出了"规划谬误"这一核心主题。故选A。B项，解释是在现象描述之后才进行的；C项，"个人经历"具有特指性，与作者使用的"You"（泛指任何人）相悖；D项，开头部分主要是现象描述，看法（如"大部分人往往系统性地低估时间"）是在现象描述后提出的。
29. 答案：C
解析：推理判断题。为什么人们常常低估任务完成时间？A项"他们喜欢用理想的方式做事情"；B项"他们缺乏处理突发事件的技能"；C项"他们想象了一个没有干扰的情境"；D项"他们不注意时间管理"。第二段中的"When planning, you tend to imagine an ideal situation… In reality, new urgent emails will arrive in the process, or you need to look up some specific figures for reference"明确指出，规划时，人们往往会想象一个理想状况，而事实上，过程中会有新的紧急邮件，或者需要查找一些具体数据作参考。由此可推断，人们低估任务完成时间是因为在规划阶段只考虑了任务在完美、无干扰状态下进行的理想情境，而忽略了现实世界中必然存在的意外和干扰，即imagine + visualizing→picture；ideal situation + typing + reviewing it once + hitting "send"→ interruption-free situation。A项错在"用理想的方式"，是对原文"tend to imagine an ideal situation"（往往会想象一个理想状况）的曲解；B项，原文提到"new urgent emails"这种突发情境，但没有信息表明缺乏相关的处理能力；D项错在"pay no attention to"，文中只说规划谬误与较差的时间管理能力有关，但"不注意"无依据。
30. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。第三段的例子表明了什么？A项"认知偏差对大型项目打击最严重"；B项"群体更容易做出错误判断"；C项"沉没成本谬误是项目失败的根源"；D项"规划乐观主义导致延误和超支"。根据第三段中的"The Sydney Opera House... completed ten years behind schedule and its cost ballooned from $7 million to $102 million" "Berlin's new airport opened nine years late with a cost overrun of 4 billion euros" "Such misjudgments occur because optimistic estimates... involved"可知，悉尼歌剧院比原计划晚了10年完工，造价从700万美元飙升至1.02亿美元；柏林新机场的启用晚了9年，成本超支40亿欧元。这种错误判断之所以发生，是因为当多人参与其中时，乐观的估计就会出现。由此可推知，规划乐观主义导致时间延误和成本超支。故选D，即optimistic estimates→ Planning optimism；ten years behind schedule + nine years late → delays；cost ballooned + a cost overrun → overspending。A 项混淆概念，文中是说"especially evident"（尤其明显），并非"hits... hardest"；B项，文中提到了群体错误判断，但这只是段末解释原因时的一个点，并非例子主要展示的内容；C项错在"root"，沉没成本谬误只是"worsened"（加剧）了错误判断，并非项目失败的根源。
31. 答案：C
解析：主旨要义题。第四段主要谈论什么？A项"任务规划中的传统做法"；B项"规划谬误心理"；C项"避免规划谬误的策略"；D项"切合实际的规划的直接好处"。根据第四段中的"try using the 'outside view' " "Keeping a simple log of previous tasks" "add time buffers（缓冲）as percentages" "Breaking larger projects into smaller, manageable steps" "using specific 'if-then' plans"可知，本段围绕"如何做"展开，介绍了避免或应对规划谬误的策略，如采用"外部视角"、对之前的任务做一个简单的记录、增加百分比时间缓冲、分解大项目等。A项错在"传统"，本段提及的做法都与应对规划谬误有关，"传统"并非其特点；B项，主要是前两段解释的内容；D项，本段中的"provide valuable data" "improves accuracy" "enhance commitment and execution"均与"benefits"相关，但不全是"realistic planning"的好处。
32. 答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"Scientists from the University of Leeds... to examine how nutrients shape forest regrowth in tropical areas cleared for agriculture"可知，实验的目的是探究营养物质如何影响农业开垦后热带地区森林的再生，即营养物质在森林再生中的作用，故选B。A项"热带森林的恢复速度"；C项"被开垦地区的森林恢复"；D项"森林砍伐对环境的影响"。
33. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的"The results showed that... while phosphorus alone had no such effect"可知，实验结果显示土壤营养物质对热带森林的恢复速度有显著影响，在恢复的前10年，氮元素充足的森林的恢复速度是氮元素缺乏的森林的两倍，而仅施加磷则没有这种效果。由此可知，氮元素能加快森林恢复速度，故选A。B项"混合营养物质效果更好"；C项"热带森林能自然恢复"；D项"磷间接帮助（森林）再生"。
34. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的"the researchers do not recommend fertilizing forests" "Instead, the team suggests practical alternatives… the effects of air pollution"可知，研究人员不建议给森林施氮肥，而是提出了两种可行的替代方案，即种植能自然增加土壤氮元素的豆科植物、在氮元素充足的区域恢复森林。由此可知，研究人员建议采用基于自然的解决方案，故选D。A项"二氧化碳排放应被监测"文中未提及，属于无中生有；B项"豆科树木应被砍伐"与文中的"plant trees from the bean family"相悖；C项"氮肥应被广泛使用"与文中的"the researchers do not recommend fertilizing forests"相悖。
35. 答案：D
解析：主旨要义题。第一段首句直接点明本文主旨，即最新发表的研究发现，在土壤氮元素充足的情况下，砍伐后的热带森林的恢复速度能提高一倍；第二、三段介绍了研究实验的过程和结果；第四段是研究人员给出的相关建议；最后一段补充氮元素对生态环境的重要意义。由此可知，本文重点讨论了氮元素对热带森林再生的关键驱动作用，故D项"氮：驱动森林再生的秘密"最适合作本文标题。A项"氮：对气候变化的影响"；B项"热带森林：全球碳汇"；C项"热带森林：磷促进生长"。
第二节
36. 答案：F
解析：细节句。上文讲"实现学术成功不只是更努力地用功学习"。F项"它（还）在于更聪明地学习并保持积极的心态等等"与上文逻辑衔接紧密，符合语境。故选F。
37. 答案：C
解析：过渡句。上文讲"想象一下：你正在向朋友解释一个概念，突然，你们两个人都豁然开朗"。下文讲"教别人能带来90% 的（知识）留存率"。C项"这就是主动学习的力量"既对上文的场景进行总结，又引出下文主动学习的效果，符合语境。故选C。
38. 答案：E
解析：总结句。上文提到番茄工作法，即工作25分钟后休息一会儿。E项"这种方法能提高专注力和效率"是对该方法效果的说明，承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
39. 答案：D
解析：主旨句。本段小标题是"利用可用的资源"。D项"充分利用你能支配的资源"呼应本段小标题，总领下文学校资源和在线资源的具体内容，是本段主旨句。故选D。
40. 答案：B
解析：小标题。空格处为本段小标题。下文围绕"积极的态度能改变学术旅程" "培养成长型思维" "管理压力"等内容展开。B项"保持积极的心态"能准确概括本段核心内容，且与其他段落小标题格式一致，符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
41. 答案：D
解析：上文信息推断。根据上文中的"Like millions, I fear flying. When my daughter moved to Beijing"可知，作者恐惧飞行，但是作者的女儿搬到了北京，因此，作者意识到自己不得不克服（overcome）飞行恐惧。accept "接受"；ignore "忽视"；test "检测"。
42. 答案：B
解析：下文信息推断。根据下文中的"Research shows many share this fear"可知，许多人都有恐飞症，作者并不是唯一恐惧飞行的人。alone "孤身一人的，无伴的"符合语境。different "不同的"；unique "独一无二的"；brave "勇敢的"。
43. 答案：A
解析：下文信息推断。根据空前的"frequent short work flights"和空后的"especially those lonely late-night ones"可知，作者恐飞，但还是会因工作经常坐短途飞机出行，尤其是后半夜孤单的航班，这让作者恐飞的情况变得更糟（worse）。less "更少的"；easier "更容易的"；clearer "更清晰的"。
44. 答案：D
解析：下文信息推断。根据下文中的"Pilots led the morning session" "The afternoon focused on 49 ."和"Then came the 51 flight."可知，作者注册（registered）参加了航空公司举办的"自信飞行"课程。long "渴望，盼望"；plan "计划"；search "搜寻，搜索"。
45. 答案：B
解析：下文信息推断+常识。根据下文中的"how many others had paid 399 to face the same fear"可知，作者发现有非常多遭受飞行恐惧的人愿意支付399英镑上课来克服飞行恐惧，结合常识可推知，这样的场景让作者深感惊讶。此处为strike熟词生义的用法，be struck by意为"被……震惊/惊讶"。touch "感动"；puzzle "使困惑"；annoy "使恼怒"。
46. 答案：A
解析：上文信息提示+常识。根据上文中的"Now pregnant（怀孕的）"和常识可知，怀孕的Mia参加这个课程是为了避免（avoid）将恐飞症遗传给自己的孩子。deny "否认，否定"；forget "忘记"；delay "推迟，使延迟"。
47. 答案：B
解析：下文信息提示。结合下文中的举例"like a plane gliding（滑行）100 miles if engines stop"可知，这是飞行员给学员们讲的飞行中的事实（facts）。skill "技巧"；theory "理论"；news "新闻"。
48. 答案：D
解析：上文信息推断+常识。根据上文和常识可知，飞行员的讲解是为了消除学员们对飞行的恐惧，其讲的飞行常识、每日超十万次安全飞行都是为了让学员们安心，因此，空处讲的应该是航空公司有严格的（strict）安全规则确保飞行安全。latest "最近的，最新的"；multiple "多种多样的"；secret "机密的"。
49. 答案：C
解析：下文信息推断。根据下文中的"The doctor patiently explained that 'fear of fear' is common" "to control stress chemicals"及"to focus the mind"可知，下午的课程主要专注于心理（psychology）层面培训。assessment "评价，评估"；behavior "行为"；communication "沟通"。
50. 答案：A
解析：下文信息推断。根据下文中的"As we boarded, earlier excitement..."并结合语境可知，心理训练起作用 (worked)了。happen "发生"；vary "变化"；matter "有影响"。
51. 答案：D
解析：下文信息推断。根据下文中的"As we boarded... Captain Miller provided a calming broadcast"可知，作者一行经过训练之后来到了真实的（actual）飞行环节。personal "个人的"；normal "正常的"；first "首次的"。
52. 答案：C
解析：下文信息推断。根据下文中的"Captain Miller provided a calming broadcast"可知，学员们还是有些紧张。tension "紧张，焦虑"符合语境。boredom "厌烦，厌倦"；disappointment "失望"；confusion "困惑"。
53. 答案：B
解析：下文信息推断。根据10题可知，心理训练有作用；再根据下文的"For the first time, panic didn't 54 ."可知，作者不再恐惧飞行。据此可以推断，作者应该是使用了已经学到的（learned）技巧。traditional "传统的"；inspiring "鼓舞人心的"；usual "平常的"。
54. 答案：C
解析：下文信息推断。根据下文中的"but my heart was already racing 55 , to my daughter in Beijing."可知，作者克服了飞行恐惧，因此，恐惧第一次没有占上风（take over）。show off "卖弄，炫耀"；break down "发生故障"；fade away "逐渐消失"。
55. 答案：A
解析：上文信息推断。根据上文中的"With a visit to China coming"可知，作者即将飞往中国看望女儿，因此，作者不再恐飞之后，心思已经提前（ahead）飞到在北京的女儿处了。again "再一次，又一次"；around "在周围；大约；到处"；along "沿着；顺着；一起"。
第二节
56. 答案：rooted
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国大多数古城墙采用"正方形或长方形"布局——这并非偶然，而是源于防御与传统的选择。破折号后的句子中已有谓语，空处作非谓语。choice与root"根源在于，由……产生"之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填rooted。be rooted in sth. "起源于某事物"。
57. 答案：symbolizes
解析：考查时态。句意：在中国传统文化中，方形象征稳定与秩序，方形城墙也让士兵更易防守每一面。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填symbolizes。
58. 答案：it
解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处是形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式"to defend every side"，故填it。
59. 答案：the
解析：考查冠词。句意：布局的另一个关键部分是护城河，一条在城墙周围挖掘的、注满水的深宽沟渠，它充当第一道防线：敌人若想从任意一面爬上城墙，必须先过河。语境和空后的序数词 first 表明，此处应用定冠词，故填the。
60. 答案：to reinforce
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一些城市甚至在护城河上修建"吊桥"以加强防护，这些吊桥可在夜间或危险时期升起以阻断通行。根据句意可知，此处表示修建吊桥的目的，应用不定式，故填to reinforce。
61. 答案：or
解析：考查并列连词。根据句中的either可知，时间状语at night和in times of danger之间是选择关系，故填or。
62. 答案：movable
解析：考查形容词。句意：方形城墙、宽阔护城河与可移动吊桥共同构成"三层防御体系"，让古城在数百年间得以安全。空处在句中作定语修饰bridge，应用形容词；上文的"these bridges could be lifted"表明，吊桥具有可移动的特性。故填movable"可移动的，活动的"。本题易误填moving。moving可表示"移动的，运动的"，但其更强调正在移动这个动作或状态，而movable侧重于特性描述，表示某物具备可以被移动的功能。
63. 答案：textbooks
解析：考查名词。句意：这些结构体不只是古老的建筑；它们是中国古代工程与文化的生动教科书。空前有形容词vivid修饰，应用名词；空前无冠词，且根据主语they可知，空处应用名词复数形式，故填textbooks。
64. 答案：closer
解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：下次你沿古城墙行走时，更仔细地观察，你会发现，每一块砖、每一处雕刻，都是祖先留下的礼物，提醒着我们，他们如何用智慧建造安全美丽的家园。句中的"Next time"和空前的much暗示此处有比较意味，强调应比之前观察得更细致，应用比较级，故填closer。
65. 答案：how
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句；结合上文的描述（建设方形城墙、修建护城河、建吊桥）可知，此处强调如何做，空处作方式状语，故填how。
第四部分 写作
第一节
Dear Kevin,
I'm writing to share with you an interesting lecture given by a famous astronaut in our school last Friday.
He talked about his experiences in space and the challenges of working in such an extreme environment. The lecture also covered the strict training astronauts go through and the technology they use. It was incredible to hear about his first-hand experiences of conducting research in space and witnessing the splendid view of Earth from there.
I was really inspired by his passion for space exploration. Not only did it make me realize how much human determination can achieve, but it also deepened my appreciation for space missions.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1:
Several days later, James received the letter. As he opened it, Emily's handwriting brought a flood of memories. He could almost hear her voice as she described the oak tree, and how much she missed him. He realized how much he had sacrificed for his career—joyful time with his family and the warmth of their love. That night, he sat by the window, staring at lights in London, but his thoughts were miles away. Without hesitation, he booked a train ticket home to Ashford.
Paragraph 2:
When James arrived home, the family was overjoyed. Mrs. Bennett hugged him tightly, her eyes glistening with tears, while Mr. Bennett clapped him on the back, a relieved smile on his face. With Emily's laughter filling the air, they spent the weekend together. James joined his father in the garden and even played ball games with Emily. As they sat under the oak tree, watching the sunset, James felt a sense of belonging he had long forgotten. He knew no matter where life took him, his roots would always be with the people who loved him most.
英语试卷·第4页（共4页）

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