资源简介

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分并完成练习
When she was 16，Hannah’s parents died，①leaving her an orphan.However，②dreaming of being a mermaid actress，she worked hard and got a part-time job at the aquarium.③Having worked there for five years and gained recognition，now，she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.People often see her ④wearing mermaid clothing and ⑤diving up to 50 feet underwater to swim with dolphins，sharks and whales.She appeared in a documentary aiming at highlighting the cruelty of dolphin hunting.With time ⑥going by，besides performing and modeling，Hannah travels the world ⑦giving presentations and talks，getting more people involved in the conservation of ocean life.
1.加黑部分在句子中作状语的是①②③⑦，现在分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语；③Having worked...作状语表示的动作先于句子谓语动词的动作。
2．加黑部分在句子中作宾语补足语的是④⑤⑥。
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
动词-ing形式可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。本课时主要讲解动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语的用法。
一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
When we returned to the school，we found a stranger standing at the entrance.当我们回到学校时，我们发现一个陌生人站在大门口。
1．动词-ing形式在感官动词后作宾语补足语。
在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，表示一个正在进行的主动的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。
I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.
我感觉到有人在拍我的肩膀。
In the crowded café，I heard a friendly voice saying，“You can share my table.”
在这间拥挤的咖啡馆里，我听到一声友好的问候：“你可以和我坐在一桌。”
点津　(1)当动词-ing形式与句子的宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，则用其被动式“being done”。
I saw her being questioned by the police.
我看到她正在被警察盘问。
(2)see，hear，feel，watch等动词之后用动词-ing形式和省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：
前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。
We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher doing the experiment.
我们经过教室，看见老师正在做实验。(只在经过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验)
We sat for an hour and watched the teacher do the experiment.
我们坐了一个小时，看着老师做实验。(一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验，指全过程)
2．动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。
使役动词接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示“让……一直做某事”；常见的使役动词有have，keep，get，leave等。
It’s cold.We should have the fire burning all the time.天气冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。
I won’t have you running about in the room.
我不允许你一直在房间里跑来跑去。
点津　(1)如果作宾语补足语的动词与宾语为被动关系，则用过去分词形式。
We should keep him informed of what is going on here.我们应该让他随时了解这里发生了什么。
(2) have/make＋宾语＋宾语补足语，意为“让某人做某事”。
The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day.老板让他的工人每天工作12小时。
Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit.妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。
(3)have/get＋宾语＋done，done是过去分词作宾语补足语，意为“让别人去做某事”。
He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow.他明天让人给他修电脑。
3．动词-ing形式在with复合结构中的用法。
在with复合结构中，动词-ing形式充当宾语补足语，表示动作“正在进行”且与宾语为主动关系。
She threw the tortoise into the river with tears filling her eyes.
她把那只乌龟扔进了河里，眼里满是泪水。
点津　在with复合结构中，也可以使用不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。
I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.(表示事情还未做)
有这些衣服要洗，我不能出去了。
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.(表示状态)
整个下午他都锁着门工作。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①With an important exam coming(come)，she was quite nervous and couldn’t sleep well.
②While driving near his home，he saw a dog wandering(wander) on the road，clearly lost.
③Today I will hire some workers to have my house painted(paint)．
④With so much work to do(do)，he won’t go to the supermarket together with me.
⑤Walking towards the front door，we noticed a gentleman standing(stand) at one side.
⑥In order to save water，never leave the water running(run) while you brush your teeth.
⑦Peter kept his pet dog taken(take) care of by his roommate.
二、动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，并在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。
1．时间状语
动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when，while，after等引出。
Hearing these stories(＝When I hear these stories)，I’m skeptical about the place.
听到这些叙述，我对这个地方产生了怀疑。
2．原因状语
可以转换成as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。
Being so excited(＝As he was so excited)，he couldn’t go to sleep that night.
由于非常激动，那晚他无法入睡。
3．条件状语
可以转换成if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Working hard at your lessons(＝If you work hard at your lessons)，you will succeed.
如果你努力学习，你会成功的。
Not taking advantage of the time(＝If you don’t take advantage of the time)，you’ll regret.如果不好好利用时间，你会后悔的。
4．让步状语
可以转换成although/though引导的让步状语从句。
Knowing all this(＝Although/Though they knew all this)，they made me pay for the damage.
尽管知道一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。
5．结果状语
表示必然的结果，它常常位于句末，其前有逗号分开，有时分词前有副词thus，thereby修饰。
His father died，leaving him a lot of money.
他父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。
Their car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.
他们的车遇上了交通堵塞，结果造成延误。
点津　不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构，其被动形式为only to be done。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
6．方式或伴随状语
不可以转换成从句，但可以转换成并列句。
The girls came into the classroom，singing and dancing(＝and they sang and danced)．
女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。
He lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time(＝and stared at the sky for a long time)．
他躺在草地上，盯着天空看了很久。
点津　(1)当动词-ing形式表示的动作先发生，而谓语动词表示的动作后发生时，用动词-ing形式的完成式，若动词与句子主语为主动关系，用having done；若动词与句子主语为被动关系，则用having been done。
Having finished the letter，he went to post it.
他写完信后就去邮寄了。(having finished 是先发生的，went是后发生的)
Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.(动词-ing形式的被动式)
被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。
(2)动词-ed形式也可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等，与句子的主语构成动宾关系。
Generally speaking，if taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.
一般来说，如果按照说明书服用，这种药没有副作用。
(3)动词-ing形式作状语，有时也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The last bus having gone，we had to walk home.
末班车已经开走了，我们不得不走回家。(having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus，而不是we)
(4)动词-ing形式的否定式：not＋v.-ing；not having＋v.-ed
Not knowing this，he didn’t come.
他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
[即时训练2]　单句语法填空
①Being(be) a freshman，she tended to get lost in the six-story building，leaving her helpless.
②Throwing(throw) a quick look at the bus station，I noticed it was now almost deserted.
③He hurried to the bus station，only to be told(tell) that the last bus had left.
④Learning(learn) that you are interested in it，I am more than glad to tell some related information to you.
⑤Misunderstood(misunderstand) by my classmates，I was in low spirits.
⑥Having finished(finish) all the tasks，I went to the cinema.
根据汉语提示补全短文
The old man returned from abroad，only 1.to find his hometown changed(结果发现他的家乡变了) beyond recognition.He 2.saw the roads built(看见道路被建) wider and many 3.cars running(车辆正行驶) on the roads,4.leaving/making him shocked and amazed(使他感到震惊和惊奇).5.Noticing high buildings finished(注意到高楼建成) one after another，he couldn’t find his own home.He was glad to 6.find people’s income increasing(发现人们的收入增长) continuously.7.Everything going smoothly(一切顺利)，he could 8.feel people enjoying(感觉人们享受着) their happy life.
作业3
[分值：72.5分]
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中动词-ing形式(短语)所作成分(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．A big fire broke out in that district，killing a lot of people.结果状语
2．The park was full of people enjoying themselves in the sunshine.定语
3．They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.宾语补足语
4．Working harder at English，you’ll make your life abroad easier.条件状语
5．Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.宾语补足语
6．She sat at the desk reading a story.伴随状语
7．The student talking with the foreigners over there is my brother.定语
8．Having spent all his money，the boy had to give his mother a call.原因状语
9．She opened the letter，only to burst into tears.结果状语
10．With much work to do，he must stay at home，even at weekends.宾语补足语
Ⅱ.用动词-ing形式作状语改写下列句子 (共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
1．When they heard the knock on the door，they stopped talking.
→Hearing the knock on the door，they stopped talking.
2．As he was ill，little John didn’t go to school yesterday.
→Being ill，little John didn’t go to school yesterday.
3．They stood there and waited for the bus，talking to each other.
→They stood there waiting for the bus，talking to each other.
4．Her husband died last year；as a result，he left her with three children.
→Her husband died last year，leaving her with three children.
5．The windows were closed and he fell asleep.
→The windows closed/With the windows closed，he fell asleep.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Over the years，many scientists have attempted to explain why spending time in green spaces can reduce feelings of stress and anxiety，from their supposed ability to clean the air to their mysterious effects on our brains.
The most common saying I tend to hear is that plants，particularly houseplants，clean the air.The latest research now suggests that in indoor spaces you would need a lot of them before you see any noticeable benefit.How many Well，you would need several hundred per square meter of living space to achieve the same benefit as simply opening a window.
What we do know，however，is that there is something unusual about the color green that seems to affect how our brains function.Researchers investigating the effect of exercise on psychological well-being have found that seeing views of the natural world on screens had additional benefits over and above the workout alone.However，when they changed the screens to show the same views in black and white or in shades of red，the effect was markedly reduced compared to the original green.This may mean that having evergreen species in your garden or even something as simple as painting your fence green might contribute to its effect.
Similarly，designing your garden to require higher maintenance(维护) so that it is not simply somewhere to sunbathe in summer may improve the beneficial effect by encouraging gentle workouts.Low-impact，prolonged exercise，such as gardening，can burn more calories(卡路里) than a hard-hitting gym session，despite feeling easier.It is a way of being active that may appeal to far more people.
Gardening is also a classic form of practicing mindfulness，which can help to focus our thoughts on the here and now，distracting us from any worries or stresses.Mindfulness exercises are well-documented to have a positive impact on psychological well-being.So act now，embrace(接受) the power of greenery and turn your garden into a welcoming space.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了绿色空间对人们的心理健康的积极影响，以及园艺活动的益处。
1．Which factor determines houseplants’ effect on cleaning the air
A．Their quantity. B．Their colors.
C．Their varieties. D．Their placement.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The latest research now suggests that in indoor spaces you would need a lot of them before you see any noticeable benefit.How many Well，you would need several hundred per square meter of living space to achieve the same benefit as simply opening a window.”可知，决定室内植物清洁空气效果的因素是它们的数量。故选A。
2．What is a benefit of seeing the color green during exercise
A．Promoting sports technique.
B．Burning more calories.
C．Increasing intelligence level.
D．Improving mental health.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Researchers investigating the effect of exercise on psychological well-being have found that seeing views of the natural world on screens had additional benefits over and above the workout alone.However，when they changed the screens to show the same views in black and white or in shades of red，the effect was markedly reduced compared to the original green.”可知，运动时看到绿色的好处是改善心理健康。故选D。
3．What contributes to the popularity of gardening
A．It is accessible and effective.
B．It is affordable and appealing.
C．It requires higher maintenance.
D．It offers a connection with nature.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段“Similarly，designing your garden to require higher maintenance(维护) so that it is not simply somewhere to sunbathe in summer may improve the beneficial effect by encouraging gentle workouts.Low-impact，prolonged exercise，such as gardening，can burn more calories(卡路里) than a hard-hitting gym session，despite feeling easier.It is a way of being active that may appeal to far more people.”可推知，园艺活动的普及性在于它既易获得又有效。故选A。
4．Why is gardening a form of mindfulness
A．It helps develop a sense of success.
B．It frees us from our daily matters.
C．It directs our attention to the present.
D．It encourages learning and creativity.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Gardening is also a classic form of practicing mindfulness，which can help to focus our thoughts on the here and now，distracting us from any worries or stresses.”可知，园艺也是一种典型的正念练习方式，是因为它引导我们关注当下。故选C。
B(此篇精读)
Among those history，science and literature for teenagers，Sophie’s World is ①definitely a classic.The defining theme(主题) of Sophie’s World is，pretty clearly，philosophy.As the book moves along，Sophie Amundsen，a teenaged girl，learns important lessons in the history of Western philosophy from her teacher，Alberto Knox.Alberto，an intelligent man，guides Sophie through the history of philosophy.
It would take too long to summarize every ②philosophical system that Alberto reviews with Sophie—in fact，doing so would be beside the point.By the end of the book，Sophie certainly hasn’t settled on any one system of ideas.There are things about Plato，Hegel，Kant，and Nietzsche that she admires，and a few moral issues that she’s particularly interested in but she’s not prepared to throw in her lot as a Kantian or a Nietzschean.Even after learning about 3,000 years of Western thought，Sophie continues to wonder what to believe.
The concept of “wonder”—both in the sense of questioning what is true，and in the sense of being continually amazed by the world—is the key to understanding Sophie’s World.One reason why the novel doesn’t end with Sophie arriving at an answer to her questions is that any such answer would be a little ③unsatisfactory，since it would make the universe seem “fixed”，④predictable，and dry.Alberto teaches Sophie about philosophy not to give her answers but to train her to ask questions—to think of herself as an outsider，trying to ⑤make sense of what’s right in front of her nose.A good philosopher will never lose her sense of wonder at the universe’s mysteries.One could even say that the goal of philosophy as Alberto understands it is to escape banality(平庸) and boredom.
In this way，Sophie’s World arrives at the strange conclusion(结论) that although it’s important to ask philosophical questions，it’s not particularly important to choose definite answers to these questions.Philosophy is about preserving one’s sense of wonder—this，it’s suggested，is the only real wisdom.
语篇解读　这是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了《苏菲的世界》这本书的主要内容以及作者对它的评价和感悟。
5．What is the main subject matter of Sophie’s World
A．History. B．Philosophy.
C．Science. D．Literature.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“The defining theme(主题) of Sophie’s World is，pretty clearly，philosophy.”可知，《苏菲的世界》是一本关于哲学的书。故选B。
6．What prevents Sophie choosing just one philosophical system to believe
A．She is too young to understand the diverse ideas.
B．She wants to relate scientific knowledge to philosophy.
C．She finds the philosophical systems too boring to follow.
D．She wants to continue exploring different philosophical ideas.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Even after learning about 3,000 years of Western thought，Sophie continues to wonder what to believe.”可知，Sophie想要继续探索不同的哲学思想。故选D。
7．What is the goal of philosophy according to the text
A．To train people to become critical thinkers.
B．To teach the history of Western philosophical thought.
C．To provide definitive answers about the meaning of life.
D．To help people keep a sense of wonder about the world.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Alberto teaches Sophie about philosophy not to give her answers but to train her to ask questions...A good philosopher will never lose her sense of wonder at the universe’s mysteries.One could even say that the goal of philosophy as Alberto understands it is to escape banality(平庸) and boredom.”以及第四段中“Philosophy is about preserving one’s sense of wonder—this，it’s suggested，is the only real wisdom.”可推知，哲学旨在让人不断探索，保持好奇心。故选D。
8．What is the text
A．A book review. B．A diary entry.
C．A research paper. D．A short story.
答案　A
解析　文章体裁题。根据第一段中“Among those history，science and literature for teenagers，Sophie’s World is definitely a classic.”并结合文章主要介绍了《苏菲的世界》这本书的主要内容以及作者对它的评价和感悟可知，文章属于书评。故选A。
[语境猜词] ①definitely adv.肯定地 ②philosophical 派 ＝philosoph y ＋i＋cal adj.哲学的 ③unsatisfactory 派 ＝un＋satisfactory adj.令人不满意的 ④predictable 派 ＝predict＋able adj.可预测的 ⑤make sense of理解；弄懂 [句式分析] One reason why the novel doesn’t end with Sophie arriving at an answer to her questions is that any such answer would be a little unsatisfactory，since it would make the universe seem “fixed”，predictable，and dry. 分析：此句为复合句。why引导定语从句，reason为先行词，why在从句中作原因状语；that引导表语从句，that在从句中不作成分，无词义；since引导原因状语从句。 翻译：这部小说没有以苏菲找到问题的答案作为结尾，原因之一在于任何此类答案都会略显令人失望，因为它会让宇宙显得“固定不变”、可预测且枯燥乏味。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Have you ever started a new task at work，only to be distracted(干扰) by a ding on your phone Or perhaps you’re in the middle of a report，and your mind starts to wander to what you’ll have for dinner.If you find yourself familiar with any of these scenes，don’t worry. 1 Now let’s explore the reasons behind these distractions.
Our brains are naturally easy to be distracted.They are wonderfully complex machines designed to absorb new information and adapt to our environment. 2 They always quickly change our attention to the new stimulus(刺激)，causing us to lose focus on our current task.
3 It’s fortunate for us to have access to technology and the Internet，which provide a wealth of resources for learning，connecting，and entertaining ourselves.But this blessing is double-edged.The tools that help improve productivity can also lead to distractions.
We have a short attention span(持续时间)． 4 It’s said that our attention span has a cap，much like the limit on a fuel tank(油箱)．And once we hit that upper limit，our focus begins searching for other limits，like a traveler eager for new landscapes.
In our daily life，distractions come in many forms and the sources of distractions can vary widely.The path to a more focused and productive life isn’t necessarily about removing all distractions.It’s an impossible task in this age of information. 5
A．We live in a world full of distractions.
B．We have poor time management skills.
C．But this strength can also be a weakness.
D．This isn’t necessarily because of a lack of interest.
E．Regaining your focus might be harder than you think.
F．You’re just part of a much larger group than you imagine.
G．Instead，learn to acknowledge and manage them effectively.
1．答案　F
解析　前文“If you find yourself familiar with any of these scenes，don’t worry.”说明如果做事情的时候分心了，不要担心，因此推断空处应是说明理由，F项“你只是比你想象中更大的群体中的一员”符合语境，与前文是因果关系。故选F。
2．答案　C
解析　前文“They are wonderfully complex machines designed to absorb new information and adapt to our environment.”说明大脑是用来吸收新信息的机器，后文“They always quickly change our attention to the new stimulus(刺激)，causing us to lose focus on our current task.”说明大脑的弱点，容易分散注意力，前后文是转折关系，因此推断C项“但这种优势也可能是劣势”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
3．答案　A
解析　空处为段落主旨句，后文“But this blessing is double-edged.The tools that help improve productivity can also lead to distractions.”说明科技和互联网是一把双刃剑，尽管有助于提高工作效率，但是也导致分心，因此推断A项“我们生活在一个充满分心的事物的世界”为该段落主旨。故选A。
4．答案　D
解析　根据该段主旨句“We have a short attention span(持续时间)．”可知，本段讲述我们的注意力持续时间比较短，因此推断D项“这并不一定是因为缺乏兴趣”符合语境，说明我们的注意力持续时间短的理由，下文讲述了真正可能的理由“It’s said that our attention span has a cap，much like the limit on a fuel tank(油箱)．”。故选D。
5．答案　G
解析　前文“The path to a more focused and productive life isn’t necessarily about removing all distractions.It’s an impossible task in this age of information.”说明消除所有的干扰是不可能的，因此推断下文给出解决办法，因此推断G项“相反，学会承认并有效地管理它们”符合语境，与前文形成转折关系。故选G。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A program called Everlasting Classics is becoming 1. (increase) popular.The program，2. combines Chinese traditional poetry with music，was launched by China Central Television(CCTV) in 2018.
And it became a great hit soon after the program 3. (show) on CCTV 1.It was hosted by Sa Beining,4. CCTV host loved by the audience，and the Appreciation Group in the program included Professor Kang Zhen from Beijing Normal University，Dean of the China Conservatory of Music，Wang Liguang，the famous hostess Zeng Baoyi and the well-known singer Yu Chengqing.Together，they led the audience to interpret and appreciate many classic Chinese poems，enjoying the 5. (beautiful) that the poems brought to the audience.Moreover，the poems were adapted into songs，which were sung by famous singers，like Zhang Jie，Wang Yuan，etc.，6. (make) the program more spellbinding.
In Season 1 of the program，one of the 7. (attract) songs was Butterfly Lovers(《梁祝》)．An 88-year-old pianist called Wu Yili played the music with the famous violinist Lü Siqing.The melodious music moved many of the audience 8. tears.In recent years，CCTV has produced many programs 9. (spread) traditional Chinese culture，including Chinese Poetry Competition 10. Everlasting Classics.Thanks to these programs，many people set off a craze for the study of Chinese culture.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国中央电视台为推广中国传统文化而制作的节目《经典咏流传》，它正变得越来越受欢迎。
1．答案　increasingly
解析　考查副词。此处用副词修饰形容词popular作状语，increasingly表示“越来越……，不断增加地”。故填increasingly。
2．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The program，在从句中作主语。故填which。
3．答案　was shown
解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语the program为单数，与show构成动宾关系，再结合时间状语in 2018可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was shown。
4．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。(单数)名词或名词短语作同位语时，往往前面使用不定冠词，且CCTV首字母的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
5．答案　beauty
解析　考查名词。enjoy the beauty欣赏……的美，此处应用名词作宾语。故填beauty。
6．答案　making
解析　考查非谓语动词。“ (make) the program more spellbinding”为结果状语，且前面主句与make构成主谓关系，因此应用现在分词。故填making。
7．答案　most attractive
解析　考查形容词的最高级。此处考查结构：one of＋最高级，意为“最……的之一”，attractive有吸引力的。故填most attractive。
8．答案　to
解析　考查介词。move sb to tears/be moved to tears把……感动哭，……被感动哭了。故填to。
9．答案　to spread
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to spread。
10．答案　and
解析　考查连词。此空前后为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。(共77张PPT)
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
Morals and virtues
Unit 2
阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分并完成练习
When she was 16，Hannah’s parents died，①leaving her an orphan.However，②dreaming of being a mermaid actress，she worked hard and got a part-time job at the aquarium.③Having worked there for five years and gained recognition，now，she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.People often see her ④wearing mermaid clothing and ⑤diving up to 50 feet underwater to swim with dolphins，sharks and whales.She appeared in a documentary aiming at highlighting the cruelty of dolphin hunting.With time ⑥going by，besides performing and modeling，Hannah travels the world ⑦giving presentations and talks，getting more people involved in the conservation of ocean life.
情境导读
1.加颜色部分在句子中作状语的是 ，现在分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的 ；③Having worked...作状语表示的动作____
句子谓语动词的动作。
2.加颜色部分在句子中作宾语补足语的是 。
①②③⑦
主语
④⑤⑥
先于
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
动词-ing形式可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。本课时主要讲解动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语的用法。
一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
When we returned to the school，we found a stranger standing at the entrance.当我们回到学校时，我们发现一个陌生人站在大门口。
语法精讲
1.动词-ing形式在感官动词后作宾语补足语。
在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，表示一个正在进行的主动的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。
I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.
我感觉到有人在拍我的肩膀。
In the crowded café，I heard a friendly voice saying，“You can share my table.”
在这间拥挤的咖啡馆里，我听到一声友好的问候：“你可以和我坐在一桌。”
点津　(1)当动词-ing形式与句子的宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，则用其被动式“being done”。
I saw her being questioned by the police.
我看到她正在被警察盘问。
(2)see，hear，feel，watch等动词之后用动词-ing形式和省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：
前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。
We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher doing the experiment.
我们经过教室，看见老师正在做实验。(只在经过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验)
We sat for an hour and watched the teacher do the experiment.
我们坐了一个小时，看着老师做实验。(一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验，指全过程)
2.动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。
使役动词接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示“让……一直做某事”；常见的使役动词有have，keep，get，leave等。
It’s cold.We should have the fire burning all the time.天气冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。
I won’t have you running about in the room.
我不允许你一直在房间里跑来跑去。
点津　(1)如果作宾语补足语的动词与宾语为被动关系，则用过去分词形式。
We should keep him informed of what is going on here.我们应该让他随时了解这里发生了什么。
(2) have/make＋宾语＋宾语补足语，意为“让某人做某事”。
The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day.老板让他的工人每天工作12小时。
Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit.妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。
(3)have/get＋宾语＋done，done是过去分词作宾语补足语，意为“让别人去做某事”。
He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow.他明天让人给他修电脑。
3.动词-ing形式在with复合结构中的用法。
在with复合结构中，动词-ing形式充当宾语补足语，表示动作“正在进行”且与宾语为主动关系。
She threw the tortoise into the river with tears filling her eyes.
她把那只乌龟扔进了河里，眼里满是泪水。
点津　在with复合结构中，也可以使用不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。
I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.(表示事情还未做)
有这些衣服要洗，我不能出去了。
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.(表示状态)
整个下午他都锁着门工作。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①With an important exam (come)，she was quite nervous and couldn’t sleep well.
②While driving near his home，he saw a dog (wander) on the road，clearly lost.
③Today I will hire some workers to have my house (paint).
④With so much work (do)，he won’t go to the supermarket together with me.
coming
wandering
painted
to do
⑤Walking towards the front door，we noticed a gentleman __________
(stand) at one side.
⑥In order to save water，never leave the water (run) while you brush your teeth.
⑦Peter kept his pet dog (take) care of by his roommate.
standing
running
taken
二、动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，并在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。
1.时间状语
动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when，while，after等引出。
Hearing these stories(＝When I hear these stories)，I’m skeptical about the place.
听到这些叙述，我对这个地方产生了怀疑。
2.原因状语
可以转换成as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。
Being so excited(＝As he was so excited)，he couldn’t go to sleep that night.
由于非常激动，那晚他无法入睡。
3.条件状语
可以转换成if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Working hard at your lessons(＝If you work hard at your lessons)，you will succeed.
如果你努力学习，你会成功的。
Not taking advantage of the time(＝If you don’t take advantage of the time)，you’ll regret.如果不好好利用时间，你会后悔的。
4.让步状语
可以转换成although/though引导的让步状语从句。
Knowing all this(＝Although/Though they knew all this)，they made me pay for the damage.
尽管知道一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。
5.结果状语
表示必然的结果，它常常位于句末，其前有逗号分开，有时分词前有副词thus，thereby修饰。
His father died，leaving him a lot of money.
他父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。
Their car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.
他们的车遇上了交通堵塞，结果造成延误。
点津　不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构，其被动形式为only to be done。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
6.方式或伴随状语
不可以转换成从句，但可以转换成并列句。
The girls came into the classroom，singing and dancing(＝and they sang and danced).
女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。
He lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time(＝and stared at the sky for a long time).
他躺在草地上，盯着天空看了很久。
点津　(1)当动词-ing形式表示的动作先发生，而谓语动词表示的动作后发生时，用动词-ing形式的完成式，若动词与句子主语为主动关系，用having done；若动词与句子主语为被动关系，则用having been done。
Having finished the letter，he went to post it.
他写完信后就去邮寄了。(having finished 是先发生的，went是后发生的)
Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.(动词-ing形式的被动式)
被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。
(2)动词-ed形式也可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等，与句子的主语构成动宾关系。
Generally speaking，if taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.
一般来说，如果按照说明书服用，这种药没有副作用。
(3)动词-ing形式作状语，有时也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The last bus having gone，we had to walk home.
末班车已经开走了，我们不得不走回家。(having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus，而不是we)
(4)动词-ing形式的否定式：not＋v.-ing；not having＋v.-ed
Not knowing this，he didn’t come.
他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
[即时训练2]　单句语法填空
① (be) a freshman，she tended to get lost in the six-story building，leaving her helpless.
② (throw) a quick look at the bus station，I noticed it was now almost deserted.
③He hurried to the bus station，only (tell) that the last bus had left.
④ (learn) that you are interested in it，I am more than glad to tell some related information to you.
Being
Throwing
to be told
Learning
⑤ (misunderstand) by my classmates，I was in low spirits.
⑥ (finish) all the tasks，I went to the cinema.
Misunderstood
Having finished
根据汉语提示补全短文
The old man returned from abroad，only 1.____________________
(结果发现他的家乡变了) beyond recognition.He 2.__________
(看见道路被建) wider and many 3. (车辆正行驶) on the roads,4. (使他感到震惊和惊奇).5. (注意到高楼建成) one after another，he couldn’t find his own home.He was glad to 6.________
(发现人们的收入增长) continuously.
达标检测
to find his hometown
changed
saw the
roads built
cars running
leaving/making him shocked and amazed
Noticing high buildings finished
find
people’s income increasing
7. (一切顺利)，he could 8.____________
(感觉人们享受着) their happy life.
Everything going smoothly
feel people
enjoying
作业3
1.A big fire broke out in that district，killing a lot of people.
2.The park was full of people enjoying themselves in the sunshine.
3.They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.
4.Working harder at English，you’ll make your life abroad easier.
5.Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中动词-ing形式(短语)所作成分
_________
_____
___________
_________
___________
结果状语
定语
宾语补足语
条件状语
宾语补足语
6.She sat at the desk reading a story.
7.The student talking with the foreigners over there is my brother.
8.Having spent all his money，the boy had to give his mother a call.
9.She opened the letter，only to burst into tears.
10.With much work to do，he must stay at home，even at weekends.
_________
_____
_________
_________
___________
伴随状语
定语
原因状语
结果状语
宾语补足语
1.When they heard the knock on the door，they stopped talking.
→___________________________________________________________
2.As he was ill，little John didn’t go to school yesterday.
→___________________________________________________________
3.They stood there and waited for the bus，talking to each other.
→___________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.用动词-ing形式作状语改写下列句子
Hearing the knock on the door，they stopped talking.
Being ill，little John didn’t go to school yesterday.
They stood there waiting for the bus，talking to each other.
4.Her husband died last year；as a result，he left her with three children.
→___________________________________________________________
5.The windows were closed and he fell asleep.
→___________________________________________________________
Her husband died last year，leaving her with three children.
The windows closed/With the windows closed，he fell asleep.
A
Over the years，many scientists have attempted to explain why spending time in green spaces can reduce feelings of stress and anxiety，from their supposed ability to clean the air to their mysterious effects on our brains.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了绿色空间对人们的心理健康的积极影响，以及园艺活动的益处。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
The most common saying I tend to hear is that plants，particularly houseplants，clean the air.The latest research now suggests that in indoor spaces you would need a lot of them before you see any noticeable benefit.How many Well，you would need several hundred per square meter of living space to achieve the same benefit as simply opening a window.
What we do know，however，is that there is something unusual about the color green that seems to affect how our brains function.Researchers investigating the effect of exercise on psychological well-being have found that seeing views of the natural world on screens had additional benefits over and above the workout alone.However，when they changed the screens to show the same views in black and white or in shades of red，the effect was markedly reduced compared to the original green.This may mean that having evergreen species in your garden or even something as simple as painting your fence green might contribute to its effect.
Similarly，designing your garden to require higher maintenance(维护) so that it is not simply somewhere to sunbathe in summer may improve the beneficial effect by encouraging gentle workouts.Low-impact，prolonged exercise，such as gardening，can burn more calories(卡路里) than a hard-hitting gym session，despite feeling easier.It is a way of being active that may appeal to far more people.
Gardening is also a classic form of practicing mindfulness，which can help to focus our thoughts on the here and now，distracting us from any worries or stresses.Mindfulness exercises are well-documented to have a positive impact on psychological well-being.So act now，embrace(接受) the power of greenery and turn your garden into a welcoming space.
1.Which factor determines houseplants’ effect on cleaning the air
A.Their quantity. B.Their colors.
C.Their varieties. D.Their placement.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The latest research now suggests that in indoor spaces you would need a lot of them before you see any noticeable benefit.How many Well，you would need several hundred per square meter of living space to achieve the same benefit as simply opening a window.”可知，决定室内植物清洁空气效果的因素是它们的数量。故选A。
解析
2.What is a benefit of seeing the color green during exercise
A.Promoting sports technique.
B.Burning more calories.
C.Increasing intelligence level.
D.Improving mental health.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Researchers investigating the effect of exercise on psychological well-being have found that seeing views of the natural world on screens had additional benefits over and above the workout alone.However，when they changed the screens to show the same views in black and white or in shades of red，the effect was markedly reduced compared to the original green.”可知，运动时看到绿色的好处是改善心理健康。故选D。
解析
3.What contributes to the popularity of gardening
A.It is accessible and effective.
B.It is affordable and appealing.
C.It requires higher maintenance.
D.It offers a connection with nature.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段“Similarly，designing your garden to require higher maintenance(维护) so that it is not simply somewhere to sunbathe in summer may improve the beneficial effect by encouraging gentle workouts.Low-impact，prolonged exercise，such as gardening，can burn more calories(卡路里) than a hard-hitting gym session，despite feeling easier.It is a way of being active that may appeal to far more people.”可推知，园艺活动的普及性在于它既易获得又有效。故选A。
解析
4.Why is gardening a form of mindfulness
A.It helps develop a sense of success.
B.It frees us from our daily matters.
C.It directs our attention to the present.
D.It encourages learning and creativity.
√
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Gardening is also a classic form of practicing mindfulness，which can help to focus our thoughts on the here and now，distracting us from any worries or stresses.”可知，园艺也是一种典型的正念练习方式，是因为它引导我们关注当下。故选C。
解析
B(此篇精读)
Among those history，science and literature for teenagers，Sophie’s World is ①definitely a classic.The defining theme(主题) of Sophie’s World is，pretty clearly，philosophy.
语篇解读　这是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了《苏菲的世界》这本书的主要内容以及作者对它的评价和感悟。
As the book moves along，Sophie Amundsen，a teenaged girl，learns important lessons in the history of Western philosophy from her teacher，Alberto Knox.Alberto，an intelligent man，guides Sophie through the history of philosophy.
It would take too long to summarize every ②philosophical system that Alberto reviews with Sophie—in fact，doing so would be beside the point.By the end of the book，Sophie certainly hasn’t settled on any one system of ideas.There are things about Plato，Hegel，Kant，and Nietzsche that she admires，and a few moral issues that she’s particularly interested in but she’s not prepared to throw in her lot as a Kantian or a Nietzschean.Even after learning about 3,000 years of Western thought，Sophie continues to wonder what to believe.
The concept of “wonder”—both in the sense of questioning what is true，and in the sense of being continually amazed by the world—is the key to understanding Sophie’s World.One reason why the novel doesn’t end with Sophie arriving at an answer to her questions is that any such answer would be a little ③unsatisfactory，since it would make the universe seem “fixed”，④predictable，and dry.Alberto teaches Sophie about philosophy not to give her answers but to train her to ask questions—to think of herself as an outsider，trying to ⑤make sense of what’s right in front of her nose.
A good philosopher will never lose her sense of wonder at the universe’s mysteries.One could even say that the goal of philosophy as Alberto understands it is to escape banality(平庸) and boredom.
In this way，Sophie’s World arrives at the strange conclusion(结论) that although it’s important to ask philosophical questions，it’s not particularly important to choose definite answers to these questions.
Philosophy is about preserving one’s sense of wonder—this，it’s suggested，is the only real wisdom.
5.What is the main subject matter of Sophie’s World
A.History. B.Philosophy.
C.Science. D.Literature.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The defining theme(主题) of Sophie’s World is，pretty clearly，philosophy.”可知，《苏菲的世界》是一本关于哲学的书。故选B。
解析
6.What prevents Sophie choosing just one philosophical system to believe
A.She is too young to understand the diverse ideas.
B.She wants to relate scientific knowledge to philosophy.
C.She finds the philosophical systems too boring to follow.
D.She wants to continue exploring different philosophical ideas.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Even after learning about 3,000 years of Western thought，Sophie continues to wonder what to believe.”可知，Sophie想要继续探索不同的哲学思想。故选D。
解析
7.What is the goal of philosophy according to the text
A.To train people to become critical thinkers.
B.To teach the history of Western philosophical thought.
C.To provide definitive answers about the meaning of life.
D.To help people keep a sense of wonder about the world.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Alberto teaches Sophie about philosophy not to give her answers but to train her to ask questions...A good philosopher will never lose her sense of wonder at the universe’s mysteries.One could even say that the goal of philosophy as Alberto understands it is to escape banality(平庸) and boredom.”以及第四段中“Philosophy is about preserving one’s sense of wonder—this，it’s suggested，is the only real wisdom.”可推知，哲学旨在让人不断探索，保持好奇心。故选D。
解析
8.What is the text
A.A book review. B.A diary entry.
C.A research paper. D.A short story.
√
文章体裁题。根据第一段中“Among those history，science and literature for teenagers，Sophie’s World is definitely a classic.”并结合文章主要介绍了《苏菲的世界》这本书的主要内容以及作者对它的评价和感悟可知，文章属于书评。故选A。
解析
①definitely adv._______
②philosophical(派)＝philosoph(y)＋i＋cal adj.________
③unsatisfactory(派)＝un＋satisfactory adj.______________
④predictable(派)＝predict＋able adj.__________
⑤make sense of ____________
语境猜词
肯定地
哲学的
令人不满意的
可预测的
理解；弄懂
One reason why the novel doesn’t end with Sophie arriving at an answer to her questions is that any such answer would be a little unsatisfactory，since it would make the universe seem “fixed”，predictable，and dry.
分析：此句为 句。why引导 从句，reason为先行词，why在从句中作 ；that引导 从句，that在从句中不作成分，无词义；since引导 从句。
翻译：________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
句式分析
复合
定语
原因状语
原因状语
这部小说没有以苏菲找到问题的答案作为结尾，原因之一在于任何此类答案都会略显令人失望，因为它会让宇宙显得“固定不变”、可预测且枯燥乏味。
表语
Have you ever started a new task at work，only to be distracted(干扰) by a ding on your phone Or perhaps you’re in the middle of a report，and your mind starts to wander to what you’ll have for dinner.
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章介绍了注意力不集中的理由并给出了措施。
If you find yourself familiar with any of these scenes，don’t worry. 1 Now let’s explore the reasons behind these distractions.
A.We live in a world full of distractions.
B.We have poor time management skills.
C.But this strength can also be a weakness.
D.This isn’t necessarily because of a lack of interest.
E.Regaining your focus might be harder than you think.
F.You’re just part of a much larger group than you imagine.
G.Instead，learn to acknowledge and manage them effectively.
√
前文“If you find yourself familiar with any of these scenes，don’t worry.”说明如果做事情的时候分心了，不要担心，因此推断空处应是说明理由，F项“你只是比你想象中更大的群体中的一员”符合语境，与前文是因果关系。故选F。
解析
Our brains are naturally easy to be distracted.They are wonderfully complex machines designed to absorb new information and adapt to our environment. 2 They always quickly change our attention to the new stimulus(刺激)，causing us to lose focus on our current task.
A.We live in a world full of distractions.
B.We have poor time management skills.
C.But this strength can also be a weakness.
D.This isn’t necessarily because of a lack of interest.
E.Regaining your focus might be harder than you think.
F.You’re just part of a much larger group than you imagine.
G.Instead，learn to acknowledge and manage them effectively.
√
前文“They are wonderfully complex machines designed to absorb new information and adapt to our environment.”说明大脑是用来吸收新信息的机器，后文“They always quickly change our attention to the new stimulus(刺激)，causing us to lose focus on our current task.”说明大脑的弱点，容易分散注意力，前后文是转折关系，因此推断C项“但这种优势也可能是劣势”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
解析
3 It’s fortunate for us to have access to technology and the Internet，which provide a wealth of resources for learning，connecting，and entertaining ourselves.But this blessing is double-edged.The tools that help improve productivity can also lead to distractions.
A.We live in a world full of distractions.
B.We have poor time management skills.
C.But this strength can also be a weakness.
D.This isn’t necessarily because of a lack of interest.
E.Regaining your focus might be harder than you think.
F.You’re just part of a much larger group than you imagine.
G.Instead，learn to acknowledge and manage them effectively.
√
空处为段落主旨句，后文“But this blessing is double-edged.The tools that help improve productivity can also lead to distractions.”说明科技和互联网是一把双刃剑，尽管有助于提高工作效率，但是也导致分心，因此推断A项“我们生活在一个充满分心的事物的世界”为该段落主旨。故选A。
解析
We have a short attention span(持续时间). 4 It’s said that our attention span has a cap，much like the limit on a fuel tank(油箱).And once we hit that upper limit，our focus begins searching for other limits，like a traveler eager for new landscapes.
A.We live in a world full of distractions.
B.We have poor time management skills.
C.But this strength can also be a weakness.
D.This isn’t necessarily because of a lack of interest.
E.Regaining your focus might be harder than you think.
F.You’re just part of a much larger group than you imagine.
G.Instead，learn to acknowledge and manage them effectively.
√
根据该段主旨句“We have a short attention span(持续时间).”可知，本段讲述我们的注意力持续时间比较短，因此推断D项“这并不一定是因为缺乏兴趣”符合语境，说明我们的注意力持续时间短的理由，下文讲述了真正可能的理由“It’s said that our attention span has a cap，much like the limit on a fuel tank(油箱).”。故选D。
解析
In our daily life，distractions come in many forms and the sources of distractions can vary widely.The path to a more focused and productive life isn’t necessarily about removing all distractions.It’s an impossible task in this age of information. 5
A.We live in a world full of distractions.
B.We have poor time management skills.
C.But this strength can also be a weakness.
D.This isn’t necessarily because of a lack of interest.
E.Regaining your focus might be harder than you think.
F.You’re just part of a much larger group than you imagine.
G.Instead，learn to acknowledge and manage them effectively.
√
前文“The path to a more focused and productive life isn’t necessarily about removing all distractions.It’s an impossible task in this age of information.”说明消除所有的干扰是不可能的，因此推断下文给出解决办法，因此推断G项“相反，学会承认并有效地管理它们”符合语境，与前文形成转折关系。故选G。
解析
A program called Everlasting Classics is becoming 1.______________
(increase) popular.The program，2. combines Chinese traditional poetry with music，was launched by China Central Television(CCTV) in 2018.
Ⅴ.语法填空
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国中央电视台为推广中国传统文化而制作的节目《经典咏流传》，它正变得越来越受欢迎。
increasingly
which
1.考查副词。此处用副词修饰形容词popular作状语，increasingly表示“越来越……，不断增加地”。故填increasingly。
2.考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The program，在从句中作主语。故填which。
解析
And it became a great hit soon after the program 3._____________
(show) on CCTV 1.
was shown
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语the program为单数，与show构成动宾关系，再结合时间状语in 2018可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was shown。
解析
It was hosted by Sa Beining,4. CCTV host loved by the audience，and the Appreciation Group in the program included Professor Kang Zhen from Beijing Normal University，Dean of the China Conservatory of Music，Wang Liguang，the famous hostess Zeng Baoyi and the well-known singer Yu Chengqing.
a
考查冠词。(单数)名词或名词短语作同位语时，往往前面使用不定冠词，且CCTV首字母的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
解析
Together，they led the audience to interpret and appreciate many classic Chinese poems，enjoying the 5. (beautiful) that the poems brought to the audience.
beauty
考查名词。enjoy the beauty欣赏……的美，此处应用名词作宾语。故填beauty。
解析
Moreover，the poems were adapted into songs，which were sung by famous singers，like Zhang Jie，Wang Yuan，etc.，6. (make) the program more spellbinding.
making
考查非谓语动词。“ (make) the program more spellbinding”为结果状语，且前面主句与make构成主谓关系，因此应用现在分词。故填making。
解析
In Season 1 of the program，one of the 7. (attract) songs was Butterfly Lovers(《梁祝》).An 88-year-old pianist called Wu Yili played the music with the famous violinist Lü Siqing.
most attractive
考查形容词的最高级。此处考查结构：one of＋最高级，意为“最……的之一”，attractive有吸引力的。故填most attractive。
解析
The melodious music moved many of the audience 8. tears.
to
考查介词。move sb to tears/be moved to tears把……感动哭，……被感动哭了。故填to。
解析
In recent years，CCTV has produced many programs 9.____________
(spread) traditional Chinese culture，including Chinese Poetry Competition 10. Everlasting Classics.Thanks to these programs，many people set off a craze for the study of Chinese culture.
to spread
and
9.考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to spread。
10.考查连词。此空前后为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
解析
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