资源简介

单元素养检测
单元素养检测(一)(Unit 1)
(100分钟　120分)
第一部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
　　阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
University Room Regulations
Approved and Forbidden Items
The following items are approved for use in residential(住宿的)rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any forbidden items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.
　　Access to Residential Rooms
　　Students are provided with a combination(密码组合)for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.
　　Cooking Policy
　　Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven(微波炉)to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.
　　Quiet Hours
　　Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the university. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11: 00 pm to 8: 00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1: 00 am to 8: 00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大学宿舍的规章制度: 批准和禁止的物品、烹饪政策、安静时间等, 并让同学们严格遵守。
1. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms
A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds.
B. Wireless routers and radios.
C. Hair dryers and candles.
D. TVs and electric blankets.
2. What if a student is found to have told his room’s combination to others
A. The combination should be changed.
B. The Office should be charged.
C. He should replace the door lock.
D. He should check out of the room.
3. What do we know about the cooking policy
A. A microwave oven can be used.
B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted.
C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.
D. Students have to close kitchen doors after cooking.
B
LONDON—Life for Cathy Hagner and her three children is set to permanent (永久的) fast-forward.
Their full school day and her job as a lawyer’s assistant are busy enough. But Hagner also has to take the two boys to soccer or hockey or basketball while dropping off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club.
Often, the exhausted family doesn’t get home until 7 pm. There is just time for a quick supper before homework. In today’s world, middle-class American and British parents treat their children as if they are competitors racing for some finishing line.
Parents take their children from activity to activity in order to make their future bright. It seems that raising a genius has become a more important goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child.
　　“Doctors across the country are reporting a growing number of children suffering from stomachaches and headaches due to exhaustion and stress, ” says child expert William Doherty of the University of Minnesota.
Teachers are dealing with exhausted kids in the classroom. It’s a very serious problem. Many children attend after-school clubs by necessity. But competitive pressures also create an explosion of activities. They include sports, language, music and math classes for children as young as four.
“There is a new parenting trend(趋势) under way which says that you have to tap all your child’s potential(潜能) at a young age; otherwise you will let him down, they will be unhappy, ” says Terry Apter, a Cambridge-based child and adolescent psychiatrist(青少年精神病专家).
“It isn’t entirely new: there have always been pushy parents. But what was previously(以前) seen as strange behaviour is now well accepted. ”
【语篇概述】现在的英、美中产家庭的父母亲让孩子们参加各种课外俱乐部, 学习体育、语言、音乐、数学等, 把孩子们变成了学习的机器, 他们感到不幸福。
4. From the second paragraph of this passage we can find that ______.
A. Hagner wastes much time helping her children’s lessons
B. Hagner doesn’t spend much time on her full-time job
C. Hagner is interested in sports and music
D. Hagner busies herself by following a trend
5. British parents, as the writer described in this passage, ______.
A. treat their children as sports players
B. pay no attention to their children’s lessons
C. bring up their children in a simple way
D. give their children little time to develop freely
6. The writer’s opinion about after-school clubs is that ______.
A. activities in the country are too competitive
B. children should attend four clubs at a time
C. some clubs result in competitive pressures
D. clubs should have more subjects for school children
7. The last paragraph tells us that in Britain ______.
A. parents used to take their children to every club
B. parents used to be wise on how to raise children
C. parents have all benefited from children’s clubs
D. parents have come to know the standard of education
C
Stop wasting your time thinking of reasons for your failures. Instead, realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born. Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.
The seeds, and the power to grow them, are contained in the most awesome machine ever created: the human mind. Success is a choice and not a chance. You were born a winner. You were born rich. You can be a success if only you make the right choice.
You cannot be successful without first developing your self-confidence. Your level of self-confidence is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself, and thus over your life. People with low self-confidence are people who do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their lives. They are always victims. They are leaves tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.
You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for whatever happens in your life. Failures think that everything happens by accident while successful people realize that they are responsible.
Everything happens as a result of something. If we can identify(确定) the cause, we can control the effect. We are responsible for what we choose to accept and believe. One generally rises to the level that one expects. We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success depends upon our level of confidence.
In all areas of your life, whether they are financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this , accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.
【语篇概述】本文告诉我们每一个人生来都可以成功, 也可以富裕, 那么区别到底在哪里 就在于你是否能够让成功的种子发芽。
8. People with low self-confidence are compared to leaves because they _____.
A. don’t have the power to face their fate
B. are ready to change their minds
C. can’t exercise control over themselves
D. are easily affected by windy weather
9. Losers would think that______.
A. their failure is only because of bad luck
B. they don’t make efforts to succeed
C. success is the result of hard work
D. working hard will lead to success
10. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that ______.
A. what we believe in is the result of creative mind
B. whether we will succeed depends on our attitudes
C. setting our expectations is vital before taking action
D. knowing cause and effect is the key to future success
11. The last paragraph serves as ______.
A. an introduction to another topic
B. a comparison between two views
C. the proof of the author’s points
D. the conclusion of the argument
D
　　You may not know a lot of people when you start senior high school. Maybe your friends from junior high school are going to a different senior high school. Even if you know other freshmen (—年级学生), you still feel anxious that you don’t know any upperclassmen. How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces
Most senior high schools hold the freshman orientation (迎新会) before school actually starts. It is helpful because you not only learn your way around the building but also get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen. That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognize a few familiar faces.
When you talk to people at orientation, you’ll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are. They’re all new to the school and don’t know what to expect. Talking about a common concern with your classmates can help you develop friendships.
The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. It builds on what you learned in junior high school, giving you a more advanced (高深的) knowledge of many subjects. So you may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging. If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you extra help.
Senior high school also has more after-school activities than junior high school, such as clubs, music and theater groups and sports teams. This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
Junior high school taught you the basics of time management and social skills while providing you with a little extra support and guidance. Senior high school gives you the chance to learn how to be more independent and responsible.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了高中学校的活动和其他情况, 以帮助高一新生更快更好地适应高中生活。
12. How do the freshmen usually feel on their first day of senior high school
A. Proud. 　　　　 B. Nervous.
C. Excited. D. Curious.
13. What are freshmen probably worried about
A. The learning task.
B. The ability to make friends.
C. The freshman orientation.
D. The relationship with teachers.
14. What do after-school activities mainly help students to do
A. Develop friendships.
B. Develop their interests.
C. Build up their strength.
D. Improve their learning ability.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. What you’ll learn in senior high school.
B. What you learned in junior high school.
C. The difference between junior high school and senior high school.
D. The importance of being more independent and responsible.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With good study habits, you’ll be able to reduce your stress and take exams with confidence. While building lasting study habits might seem hard at first, soon your new good habits will be part of your daily life. 　16　
　　Stay organized with a study schedule. 　17　 This can be in a notebook or online. For each day, write down the task you have to do and when you plan to do it, so that you don’t push it to the last minute.
　　Take detailed notes in class in the weeks leading up to the exam. Even if your teacher posts notes online, the physical act of taking notes will make the concepts stick better. Try not to just copy what the teacher has written on the board, but also write down the important things your teacher says. 　18　
　　Start studying for exams at least a week in advance. Instead of cramming(死记硬背)at the last minute, you should study for about an hour or two every day for a week. 　19　 Cramming the night before an exam isn’t just stressful and tiring, and it’s also not very effective.
　　　20　 If you have a big exam coming up, rather than living in a cave with your nose in the books all day, get together a group of friends from your class to study with them. Group studying helps you to engage and process the information more deeply.
A. Join or form a study group.
B. Balance group study and self-study.
C. This also forces you to be focused in class.
D. Cramming for an exam has certain benefits.
E. Keep a detailed planner listing all your exams and tasks.
F. You can create good study habits for exams by using the following tips.
G. This will give you time to gradually prepare everything you need to know.
【语篇概述】有了良好的学习习惯, 你就能减轻压力, 自信地参加考试。本文就如何培养良好的考试学习习惯给出了一些建议。
第二部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2022·济宁高一检测)
“Ding. . . ding. . . , ”the bell rang. The English teacher came into the classroom with test papers in his hand. All the students shouted. The teacher 　21　with a smile on his face, “I know there are too many tests for you these days, but the test today is very　22　. ”After hearing the teacher’s words, all the students sat up straight and 　23　 for the test to begin. The teacher started to 　24　 the test papers to each student. After he finished handing out the test papers, he asked them to begin.
　　There was not a question but only a small black “X” in the middle of the paper. The students were very　25　to see that. The teacher　26　the students’ surprise. Then he said, “I would like you to　27　about what you see there. You must finish it all by yourselves. ”
　　All the students thought about it hard and then wrote down their answers quietly. At the end of the class, the teacher collected their papers and read the answers. All of them described the black “X”. The next day, the teacher said, “Everybody only paid attention to the black ‘X’, but 　28　wrote about the white paper. ” The whole class listened 　29　, because they worried that they might fail the exam.
　　 Then the teacher said, “Don’t worry about the 　30　of this test. I just want you to think about your life. ” Everyone smiled. The teacher added, “The white paper is like our whole life and the black ‘X’ in the middle of the paper is just like problems in our daily life. Do you have some more thoughts ”
　　Then the students discussed and expressed their opinions actively. Finally, they understood the teacher and this special test.
　　Our life is a　31　, filled with love and care. 　32　, sometimes we just care about the problems like illness and hunger, and never see that these problems are much 　33　 than everything else we have in our life.
　　We should try to take our eyes off problems and　34　each moment life gives us. Only then can we start a nice　35　and find true happiness in our lives.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了老师通过一场特别的测试来告诉学生们生活中的一个道理: 要放下自己所遇到的问题, 尽情享受生活中的每个精彩瞬间。
21. A. asked　　　　　 B. complained
C. explained D. guessed
22. A. difficult　B. hard　C. easy　D. special
23. A. waited B. looked
C. searched D. cared
24. A. sell out B. bring out
C. give out D. put out
25. A. happy B. sad
C. surprised D. relaxed
26. A. hated B. forgot
C. remembered D. noticed
27. A. hear B. worry
C. write D. learn
28. A. somebody B. nobody
C. everybody D. anybody
29. A. quickly B. hardly
C. angrily D. carefully
30. A. results B. suggestions
C. presents D. jobs
31. A. problem B. challenge
C. gift D. window
32. A. Instead B. However
C. Also D. Besides
33. A. more important B. bigger
C. smaller D. more serious
34. A. enjoy B. waste C. invite D. throw
35. A. door B. spirit C. skill D. journey
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am taught by many teachers in my school. Every subject has a 36. (differ) teacher, but I like my math teacher 37. (well). Her name is Lakshmi but we usually call her Ma’am. She is our class teacher too.
Ma’am 38. (join) us last term. She is very kind and her way of teaching is so 39. (interest) and simple that we all can understand everything 40. is being taught and how it can be done. Most 41. (important), Ma’am teaches math with lots of patience. If we do not understand a problem, she will spend extra time guiding us until we understand it. And we can go to ask her at any time during school hours for help.
She also helps us 42. activities at school. When there is some kind of programs, she will be there 43. (help) us to get ready for the show. Even when we go on picnics, she takes good care of 44. (we).
To me, Ma’am is not only 45. good teacher, but also our best friend. I love Ma’am and I wish her a happy life.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文, 数学老师Lakshmi是作者最喜欢的老师。她教学方法有趣简洁而且对学生有耐心, 此外, 还帮助学生参加活动甚至照顾他们。
第三部分　写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
　　假定你是高中学生李华, 你的美国朋友吉姆(Jim)即将升入中国的一所高中学习, 想让你给他一些学习建议。请你给他写一封电子邮件, 内容包括:
1. 与老师交流, 征求老师意见;
2. 上课积极参与讨论, 专心听讲, 做好笔记;
3. 课后积极完成作业, 巩固知识。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
　　阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022· 济南高一检测)
　　It was the first day of our new grade. Everyone in the classroom was chatting happily, excited to see each other again after the long holidays. When the door slid open, all of us stopped talking and turned to look. In came our teacher Ms Sullivan, followed by an ordinary-looking boy, “This boy’s name is Rafael. ” Ms Sullivan announced. “He’s a transfer student(转校生), and he’s going to be in our class starting from today. Make sure all of you welcome him warmly. ”
　　The class clapped. But I didn’t want to have a second look at the newcomer, for he had no outstanding qualities considering his small figure(身材) and casual T-shirt.
　　“Oh, I forgot to mention one thing. ” Ms Sullivan spoke up. “Rafael actually has hearing problems. Normally he would have hearing aids(助听器)on, but his old ones have just been broken. His doctor suggested that he stay at home until he got his new ones. However, Rafael insisted on attending his first day of school. So if you want to communicate with him, you have to write it on a piece of paper. ”
　　This single speech sent the whole class up into an uproar(嘈杂). Some students looked at each other with expressions of surprise. Others voiced cries of concern out of pity.
　　Ms Sullivan calmed everyone down. “I’d like someone to personally help him out throughout the day. Do I have any volunteers ”
　　“How can a disabled person be intelligent ” I thought to myself. I refused to raise my hand, expecting someone else would. But nobody did or said anything. Dead silence spread across the classroom.
　　It was by total bad luck that my eyes happened to meet Ms Sullivan’s.
　　“How about you, James ” She asked me. “Is it okay for you to take care of Rafael just for today ”
　　It is difficult to refuse a request by someone, especially if that person is a teacher. I sighed(叹气) and nodded slightly. Ms Sullivan gestured for Rafael to sit beside me and then asked us to share our holiday stories with the class.
注意:
续写词数应为150左右。
　　Immediately, the class became excited. ______________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
　　Then Rafael rose and walked onto the platform. _________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【补偿训练】
完成句子
1. I wish what I did didn’t put you under pressure(让你有压力).
2. Although I had told you over and over again(反复地), you still made the same mistake again.
3. When we meet any trouble, we should (保持镇静).
4. Perhaps she left his room (惊慌地), or his room was in a mess.
5. As we all know northern people in our country like eating dumplings (特别; 尤其).
6. I didn’t expect that he (参加)the 1500-metre race and won the second place.
7. We all think we should (全力以赴) to do our work whatever difficulties we meet.
8. In order to make a living the young man had to (开始从事)the job he didn’t like.
9. Actually, I have (计算出) the cost you spent during the senior high.
10. (在我看来), you should not spend too much time playing games.温馨提示：
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单元素养检测
单元素养检测(一)(Unit 1)
(100分钟　120分)
第一部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
　　阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
University Room Regulations
Approved and Forbidden Items
The following items are approved for use in residential(住宿的)rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any forbidden items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.
　　Access to Residential Rooms
　　Students are provided with a combination(密码组合)for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.
　　Cooking Policy
　　Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven(微波炉)to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.
　　Quiet Hours
　　Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the university. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11: 00 pm to 8: 00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1: 00 am to 8: 00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大学宿舍的规章制度: 批准和禁止的物品、烹饪政策、安静时间等, 并让同学们严格遵守。
1. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms
A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds.
B. Wireless routers and radios.
C. Hair dryers and candles.
D. TVs and electric blankets.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句(下列物品获准在宿舍使用: 电热毯、吹风机、个人电脑、收音机、电视机和DVD播放机。)可知, 电视机和电热毯是允许使用的。故选D。
2. What if a student is found to have told his room’s combination to others
A. The combination should be changed.
B. The Office should be charged.
C. He should replace the door lock.
D. He should check out of the room.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句(如果发现学生与他人分享了房间密码, 居住生活办公室可能会随时更换门锁密码, 费用由住户承担。)可知如果发现学生与他人共享房间密码, 他的房间密码将被更换。故选A。
3. What do we know about the cooking policy
A. A microwave oven can be used.
B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted.
C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.
D. Students have to close kitchen doors after cooking.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句(除了可以使用小的微波炉来加热食物外, 不允许学生在房间里做饭。)可知, 小的微波炉是可以使用的。故选A。
B
LONDON—Life for Cathy Hagner and her three children is set to permanent (永久的) fast-forward.
Their full school day and her job as a lawyer’s assistant are busy enough. But Hagner also has to take the two boys to soccer or hockey or basketball while dropping off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club.
Often, the exhausted family doesn’t get home until 7 pm. There is just time for a quick supper before homework. In today’s world, middle-class American and British parents treat their children as if they are competitors racing for some finishing line.
Parents take their children from activity to activity in order to make their future bright. It seems that raising a genius has become a more important goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child.
　　“Doctors across the country are reporting a growing number of children suffering from stomachaches and headaches due to exhaustion and stress, ” says child expert William Doherty of the University of Minnesota.
Teachers are dealing with exhausted kids in the classroom. It’s a very serious problem. Many children attend after-school clubs by necessity. But competitive pressures also create an explosion of activities. They include sports, language, music and math classes for children as young as four.
“There is a new parenting trend(趋势) under way which says that you have to tap all your child’s potential(潜能) at a young age; otherwise you will let him down, they will be unhappy, ” says Terry Apter, a Cambridge-based child and adolescent psychiatrist(青少年精神病专家).
“It isn’t entirely new: there have always been pushy parents. But what was previously(以前) seen as strange behaviour is now well accepted. ”
【语篇概述】现在的英、美中产家庭的父母亲让孩子们参加各种课外俱乐部, 学习体育、语言、音乐、数学等, 把孩子们变成了学习的机器, 他们感到不幸福。
4. From the second paragraph of this passage we can find that ______.
A. Hagner wastes much time helping her children’s lessons
B. Hagner doesn’t spend much time on her full-time job
C. Hagner is interested in sports and music
D. Hagner busies herself by following a trend
【解析】选D。推理判断题。第二段就是第一段内容的具体化。
5. British parents, as the writer described in this passage, ______.
A. treat their children as sports players
B. pay no attention to their children’s lessons
C. bring up their children in a simple way
D. give their children little time to develop freely
【解析】选D。推理判断题。从文章内容可以看出, 在英国, 孩子们在学校已经够累了, 回到家里, 父母亲还要他们参加课外俱乐部的一个又一个活动, 孩子们自己发展的空间当然没有了。
6. The writer’s opinion about after-school clubs is that ______.
A. activities in the country are too competitive
B. children should attend four clubs at a time
C. some clubs result in competitive pressures
D. clubs should have more subjects for school children
【解析】选C。推理判断题。第六段第四句话“But competitive pressures also create an explosion of activities”把俱乐部不好的作用讲得清楚明了。
7. The last paragraph tells us that in Britain ______.
A. parents used to take their children to every club
B. parents used to be wise on how to raise children
C. parents have all benefited from children’s clubs
D. parents have come to know the standard of education
【解析】选B。推理判断题。从本段第二句话“But what was previously seen as strange behaviour is now well accepted”可以判断出, 在英国, 过去家长们是知道怎样教育孩子们的。
C
Stop wasting your time thinking of reasons for your failures. Instead, realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born. Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.
The seeds, and the power to grow them, are contained in the most awesome machine ever created: the human mind. Success is a choice and not a chance. You were born a winner. You were born rich. You can be a success if only you make the right choice.
You cannot be successful without first developing your self-confidence. Your level of self-confidence is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself, and thus over your life. People with low self-confidence are people who do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their lives. They are always victims. They are leaves tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.
You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for whatever happens in your life. Failures think that everything happens by accident while successful people realize that they are responsible.
Everything happens as a result of something. If we can identify(确定) the cause, we can control the effect. We are responsible for what we choose to accept and believe. One generally rises to the level that one expects. We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success depends upon our level of confidence.
In all areas of your life, whether they are financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this , accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.
【语篇概述】本文告诉我们每一个人生来都可以成功, 也可以富裕, 那么区别到底在哪里 就在于你是否能够让成功的种子发芽。
8. People with low self-confidence are compared to leaves because they _____.
A. don’t have the power to face their fate
B. are ready to change their minds
C. can’t exercise control over themselves
D. are easily affected by windy weather
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句 “People with low self-confidence are people who do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their lives. ”可知, 不自信的人是因为他们不相信自己有能力, 也不相信自己能够为自己的生活作主。
9. Losers would think that______.
A. their failure is only because of bad luck
B. they don’t make efforts to succeed
C. success is the result of hard work
D. working hard will lead to success
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段末句 “Failures think that everything happens by accident while successful people realize that they are responsible. ” 可知, 失败者总是认为事情的发生都是偶然的。
10. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that ______.
A. what we believe in is the result of creative mind
B. whether we will succeed depends on our attitudes
C. setting our expectations is vital before taking action
D. knowing cause and effect is the key to future success
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第五段 “We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success depends upon our level of confidence. ”可知, 人们的思想和信念决定一切, 走向成功需要对自己充满期望和自信, 故选B。
11. The last paragraph serves as ______.
A. an introduction to another topic
B. a comparison between two views
C. the proof of the author’s points
D. the conclusion of the argument
【解析】选D。推理判断题。最后一段主要总结整篇文章的内容, 即要对你自己的生活负责, 要坚信这一点, 这样你就会走向成功, 故选D。
D
　　You may not know a lot of people when you start senior high school. Maybe your friends from junior high school are going to a different senior high school. Even if you know other freshmen (—年级学生), you still feel anxious that you don’t know any upperclassmen. How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces
Most senior high schools hold the freshman orientation (迎新会) before school actually starts. It is helpful because you not only learn your way around the building but also get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen. That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognize a few familiar faces.
When you talk to people at orientation, you’ll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are. They’re all new to the school and don’t know what to expect. Talking about a common concern with your classmates can help you develop friendships.
The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. It builds on what you learned in junior high school, giving you a more advanced (高深的) knowledge of many subjects. So you may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging. If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you extra help.
Senior high school also has more after-school activities than junior high school, such as clubs, music and theater groups and sports teams. This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
Junior high school taught you the basics of time management and social skills while providing you with a little extra support and guidance. Senior high school gives you the chance to learn how to be more independent and responsible.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了高中学校的活动和其他情况, 以帮助高一新生更快更好地适应高中生活。
12. How do the freshmen usually feel on their first day of senior high school
A. Proud. 　　　　 B. Nervous.
C. Excited. D. Curious.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Even if you know other freshmen, you still feel anxious that you don’t know any upperclassmen”可知, 新生来到学校第一天通常都会感到焦虑不安, 故选B。
13. What are freshmen probably worried about
A. The learning task.
B. The ability to make friends.
C. The freshman orientation.
D. The relationship with teachers.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. . . a bit more challenging”可知, 在高中学生将学习更高深的知识, 学习也会更有挑战性, 因此新生可能会担心学习, 故选A。
14. What do after-school activities mainly help students to do
A. Develop friendships.
B. Develop their interests.
C. Build up their strength.
D. Improve their learning ability.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第五段“Senior high school also has more after-school activities than junior high school. . . This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things”可知, 课外活动能发展学生的兴趣, 故选B。
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. What you’ll learn in senior high school.
B. What you learned in junior high school.
C. The difference between junior high school and senior high school.
D. The importance of being more independent and responsible.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。根据最后一段“Junior high school taught you. . . Senior high school gives you the chance to learn how to be more independent and responsible”可知, 本段主要讲的是初中教育和高中教育的不同, 故选C。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With good study habits, you’ll be able to reduce your stress and take exams with confidence. While building lasting study habits might seem hard at first, soon your new good habits will be part of your daily life. 　16　
　　Stay organized with a study schedule. 　17　 This can be in a notebook or online. For each day, write down the task you have to do and when you plan to do it, so that you don’t push it to the last minute.
　　Take detailed notes in class in the weeks leading up to the exam. Even if your teacher posts notes online, the physical act of taking notes will make the concepts stick better. Try not to just copy what the teacher has written on the board, but also write down the important things your teacher says. 　18　
　　Start studying for exams at least a week in advance. Instead of cramming(死记硬背)at the last minute, you should study for about an hour or two every day for a week. 　19　 Cramming the night before an exam isn’t just stressful and tiring, and it’s also not very effective.
　　　20　 If you have a big exam coming up, rather than living in a cave with your nose in the books all day, get together a group of friends from your class to study with them. Group studying helps you to engage and process the information more deeply.
A. Join or form a study group.
B. Balance group study and self-study.
C. This also forces you to be focused in class.
D. Cramming for an exam has certain benefits.
E. Keep a detailed planner listing all your exams and tasks.
F. You can create good study habits for exams by using the following tips.
G. This will give you time to gradually prepare everything you need to know.
【语篇概述】有了良好的学习习惯, 你就能减轻压力, 自信地参加考试。本文就如何培养良好的考试学习习惯给出了一些建议。
16. 【解析】选F。推理判断题。根据下文所列举的一些培养好的考试学习习惯的建议, 可知F选项(你可以通过以下技巧来养成良好的考试学习习惯。)意思相符, 故选F。
17. 【解析】选E。推理判断题。根据下文“这可以在笔记本或在网上进行。每一天, 写下你要做的任务和你计划去做的时间, 这样你就不会把它推到最后一分钟。”可知E选项(准备一份详细的计划表, 列出你所有的考试和任务。)意思相符, 故选E。
18. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据上文“不要只是照搬老师写在黑板上的东西, 还要写下老师说的重要的话。”可知C选项(这也迫使你在课堂上集中注意力。)意思相符, 故选C。
19. 【解析】选G。推理判断题。根据上文“至少提前一周开始备考。不要在最后一刻死记硬背, 你应该在一个星期内每天学习一或两个小时。”可知G选项(这将给你时间逐步准备一切你需要知道的。)意思相符, 故选G。
20. 【解析】选A。段落大意题。根据本段内容“如果你即将迎来一场大考, 与其整天埋头苦学, 不如召集班上的一群朋友和他们一起学习。小组学习有助于你更深入地参与和处理信息。”可知A选项(加入或组成一个学习小组。)意思相符, 故选A。
第二部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2022·济宁高一检测)
“Ding. . . ding. . . , ”the bell rang. The English teacher came into the classroom with test papers in his hand. All the students shouted. The teacher 　21　with a smile on his face, “I know there are too many tests for you these days, but the test today is very　22　. ”After hearing the teacher’s words, all the students sat up straight and 　23　 for the test to begin. The teacher started to 　24　 the test papers to each student. After he finished handing out the test papers, he asked them to begin.
　　There was not a question but only a small black “X” in the middle of the paper. The students were very　25　to see that. The teacher　26　the students’ surprise. Then he said, “I would like you to　27　about what you see there. You must finish it all by yourselves. ”
　　All the students thought about it hard and then wrote down their answers quietly. At the end of the class, the teacher collected their papers and read the answers. All of them described the black “X”. The next day, the teacher said, “Everybody only paid attention to the black ‘X’, but 　28　wrote about the white paper. ” The whole class listened 　29　, because they worried that they might fail the exam.
　　 Then the teacher said, “Don’t worry about the 　30　of this test. I just want you to think about your life. ” Everyone smiled. The teacher added, “The white paper is like our whole life and the black ‘X’ in the middle of the paper is just like problems in our daily life. Do you have some more thoughts ”
　　Then the students discussed and expressed their opinions actively. Finally, they understood the teacher and this special test.
　　Our life is a　31　, filled with love and care. 　32　, sometimes we just care about the problems like illness and hunger, and never see that these problems are much 　33　 than everything else we have in our life.
　　We should try to take our eyes off problems and　34　each moment life gives us. Only then can we start a nice　35　and find true happiness in our lives.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了老师通过一场特别的测试来告诉学生们生活中的一个道理: 要放下自己所遇到的问题, 尽情享受生活中的每个精彩瞬间。
21. A. asked　　　　　 B. complained
C. explained D. guessed
【解析】选C。考查动词。asked询问; complained抱怨; explained 解释; guessed 猜测。根据下文I know there are too many tests for you these days, but the test today. . . 可知, 老师向学生们解释今天试卷的不同, 故选C。
22. A. difficult　B. hard　C. easy　D. special
【解析】选D。考查形容词。difficult困难的; hard难的; easy简单的; special 特别的。根据下文Finally, they understood the teacher and this special test可知, 今天的测试很特别, 故选D。
23. A. waited B. looked
C. searched D. cared
【解析】选A。考查动词。waited等待; looked看; searched搜索; cared 关注。根据前文After hearing the teacher’s words, all the students sat up straight可知, 听到老师说完, 所有学生都坐直, 等待着测试开始, 故选A。
24. A. sell out B. bring out
C. give out D. put out
【解析】选C。考查动词短语。sell out卖完; bring out出版; give out分发; put out熄灭。根据下文he finished handing out the test papers可知, 老师把试卷分发到每个学生手里, 故选C。
25. A. happy B. sad
C. surprised D. relaxed
【解析】选C。考查形容词。happy高兴的; sad难过的; surprised 惊讶的; relaxed 放松的。根据下文The teacher ______the students’ surprise可知, 学生们看到试卷中有个X感到很惊讶, 故选C。
26. A. hated B. forgot
C. remembered D. noticed
【解析】选D。考查动词。hated憎恨; forgot忘记; remembered 记得; noticed 注意。根据下文Then he said, “I would like you to ______about what you see there”可知, 老师注意到学生们惊讶的表情, 向他们解释, 故选D。
27. A. hear B. worry
C. write D. learn
【解析】选C。考查动词。hear听说; worry担心; write写; learn 学习。根据句意, 老师让学生们把自己所看见的内容写下来, 故选C。
28. A. somebody B. nobody
C. everybody D. anybody
【解析】选B。考查不定代词。somebody某个人; nobody没什么人; everybody 每个人; anybody任何人。but是表转折关系的连词, 根据前文Everybody only paid attention to the black “X”可知, 每个人只关注到黑色的X, 没人写关于这张白色的纸。故选B。
29. A. quickly B. hardly
C. angrily D. carefully
【解析】选D。考查副词。quickly快速地; hardly几乎不; angrily 生气地; carefully 仔细地。根据下文because they worried that they might fail the exam可知, 他们担心可能考试失败, 所以整个班级仔细地听老师说话, 故选D。
30. A. results B. suggestions
C. presents D. jobs
【解析】选A。考查名词。results结果; suggestions建议; presents 礼物; jobs工作。根据句意, 不要担心考试的结果, 故选A。
31. A. problem B. challenge
C. gift D. window
【解析】选C。考查名词。problem 问题; challenge挑战; gift 礼物; window窗户。根据句意可知, 我们的生命是一份礼物, 充满了爱和关怀。故选C。
32. A. Instead B. However
C. Also D. Besides
【解析】选B。考查副词。Instead代替, 反而; However然而; Also 也; Besides 除了。根据句意, 此处表示然而有时候我们只关注像疾病和饥饿这样的问题, 表转折, 故选B。
33. A. more important B. bigger
C. smaller D. more serious
【解析】选C。考查形容词比较级。more important更重要的; bigger 更大的; smaller 更小的; more serious更严重的。根据句意, 此处表示从未看到我们所遇到的问题比我们生活中拥有的其他东西都渺小, 故选C。
34. A. enjoy B. waste C. invite D. throw
【解析】选A。考查动词。enjoy享受; waste浪费; invite 邀请; throw 扔。根据前文We should try to take our eyes off problems可知, 应该尝试放下问题, 享受生活的每一个瞬间, 故选A。
35. A. door B. spirit C. skill D. journey
【解析】选D。考查名词。door门; spirit心灵; skill技能; journey旅行。根据句意, 只有那样我们才会开始一段美妙的旅程, 故选D。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am taught by many teachers in my school. Every subject has a 36. (differ) teacher, but I like my math teacher 37. (well). Her name is Lakshmi but we usually call her Ma’am. She is our class teacher too.
Ma’am 38. (join) us last term. She is very kind and her way of teaching is so 39. (interest) and simple that we all can understand everything 40. is being taught and how it can be done. Most 41. (important), Ma’am teaches math with lots of patience. If we do not understand a problem, she will spend extra time guiding us until we understand it. And we can go to ask her at any time during school hours for help.
She also helps us 42. activities at school. When there is some kind of programs, she will be there 43. (help) us to get ready for the show. Even when we go on picnics, she takes good care of 44. (we).
To me, Ma’am is not only 45. good teacher, but also our best friend. I love Ma’am and I wish her a happy life.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文, 数学老师Lakshmi是作者最喜欢的老师。她教学方法有趣简洁而且对学生有耐心, 此外, 还帮助学生参加活动甚至照顾他们。
36. 【解析】different。考查词性转换。此处修饰名词teacher, 故应用形容词形式。
37. 【解析】best。考查比较等级。句意: 每科有一个不同的老师, 但我最喜欢数学老师。根据句意可知此处应使用最高级。
38. 【解析】joined。考查动词的时态。根据时间状语last term可知此处应用一般过去时。
39. 【解析】interesting。考查词性转换。此处与simple并列, 作表语, 且主语her way of teaching表示事物, 故填interesting。
40. 【解析】that。考查定语从句。先行词为不定代词everything, 且关系代词在定语从句中作主语, 故用that。
41. 【解析】importantly。考查词性转换。此处作状语, 故应用副词形式。
42. 【解析】with。考查介词。help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。故应用介词with。
43. 【解析】to help。考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语, 故应用动词不定式。
44. 【解析】us。考查代词。此处作介词of的宾语, 故应用代词的宾格形式。
45. 【解析】a。考查冠词。句意: 对我来说, Ma’am不仅是一位好老师, 而且是我们最好的朋友。此处表示数量“一”的概念, 且good的第一个音素为辅音, 故用不定冠词a。
第三部分　写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
　　假定你是高中学生李华, 你的美国朋友吉姆(Jim)即将升入中国的一所高中学习, 想让你给他一些学习建议。请你给他写一封电子邮件, 内容包括:
1. 与老师交流, 征求老师意见;
2. 上课积极参与讨论, 专心听讲, 做好笔记;
3. 课后积极完成作业, 巩固知识。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
　　I’m delighted to hear that you’ll be a senior student. Now, I’d like to share my study tips with you.
First of all, you’d better communicate with your teachers regularly. In this way, they may offer some great advice on both your study and life. Besides, why not involve yourself in each class actively, listen to the teacher attentively and take notes carefully so that you can review later Last but not least, it’s a good idea to do your homework on time soon after school, which will help you practice what you have learned and make it fresh in your mind.
I sincerely hope my advice can be helpful to you and that you can enjoy your new school life. Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
　　阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022· 济南高一检测)
　　It was the first day of our new grade. Everyone in the classroom was chatting happily, excited to see each other again after the long holidays. When the door slid open, all of us stopped talking and turned to look. In came our teacher Ms Sullivan, followed by an ordinary-looking boy, “This boy’s name is Rafael. ” Ms Sullivan announced. “He’s a transfer student(转校生), and he’s going to be in our class starting from today. Make sure all of you welcome him warmly. ”
　　The class clapped. But I didn’t want to have a second look at the newcomer, for he had no outstanding qualities considering his small figure(身材) and casual T-shirt.
　　“Oh, I forgot to mention one thing. ” Ms Sullivan spoke up. “Rafael actually has hearing problems. Normally he would have hearing aids(助听器)on, but his old ones have just been broken. His doctor suggested that he stay at home until he got his new ones. However, Rafael insisted on attending his first day of school. So if you want to communicate with him, you have to write it on a piece of paper. ”
　　This single speech sent the whole class up into an uproar(嘈杂). Some students looked at each other with expressions of surprise. Others voiced cries of concern out of pity.
　　Ms Sullivan calmed everyone down. “I’d like someone to personally help him out throughout the day. Do I have any volunteers ”
　　“How can a disabled person be intelligent ” I thought to myself. I refused to raise my hand, expecting someone else would. But nobody did or said anything. Dead silence spread across the classroom.
　　It was by total bad luck that my eyes happened to meet Ms Sullivan’s.
　　“How about you, James ” She asked me. “Is it okay for you to take care of Rafael just for today ”
　　It is difficult to refuse a request by someone, especially if that person is a teacher. I sighed(叹气) and nodded slightly. Ms Sullivan gestured for Rafael to sit beside me and then asked us to share our holiday stories with the class.
注意:
续写词数应为150左右。
　　Immediately, the class became excited. ______________________________
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____________________________________________________________________
　　Then Rafael rose and walked onto the platform. _________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
　　Immediately, the class became excited. Nobody shared my silence except Rafael. Some could hardly wait to tell their seatmates about their holiday trips, eyes shining and faces aglow with joy. Those who hadn’t been anywhere bombarded them with inquiring questions. Obviously bewildered at the sudden commotion around, Rafael turned to me for reasons in written words. Surprisingly, my explanation put a smile on his face. “Any volunteer to share your story ” asked Ms Sullivan, whose words I set down on paper for Rafael.
　　Then Rafael rose and walked onto the platform. Greeting us with a confident smile, Rafael shared his story in a magnetic voice, which left me stunned. I felt more ashamed to learn that he ran a website to help children with hearing problems than guilty about stupidly thinking disabled people couldn’t be intelligent. Then his voice was lost in a thunderous outburst of applause. I clapped my hands even more loudly, determined never to judge a book by its cover.
【补偿训练】
完成句子
1. I wish what I did didn’t put you under pressure(让你有压力).
2. Although I had told you over and over again(反复地), you still made the same mistake again.
3. When we meet any trouble, we should keep calm(保持镇静).
4. Perhaps she left his room in panic(惊慌地), or his room was in a mess.
5. As we all know northern people in our country like eating dumplings in particular(特别; 尤其).
6. I didn’t expect that he took part in (参加)the 1500-metre race and won the second place.
7. We all think we should go all out(全力以赴) to do our work whatever difficulties we meet.
8. In order to make a living the young man had to take up (开始从事)the job he didn’t like.
9. Actually, I have figured out (计算出) the cost you spent during the senior high.
10. In my view(在我看来), you should not spend too much time playing games.
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