资源简介

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What’s the main idea of the text
A．The first show of Ludwig van Beethoven.
B．The creating process of Ludwig van Beethoven’s ninth symphony.
C．The musical genius Ludwig van Beethoven and his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
D．Ludwig van Beethoven’s skills on the piano.
答案　C
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．What is Beethoven most famous for
A．His piano performances.
B．Conducting orchestras.
C．Singing songs.
D．Writing music.
答案　D
2．What can we infer from paragraph 4
A．Michael Umlauf performed better than Beethoven.
B．The audience didn’t understand Beethoven’s music.
C．The audience liked and admired Beethoven very much.
D．Beethoven performed on the stage for less than an hour.
答案　C
3．Which words can best describe Beethoven
A．Selfish and cold-hearted.
B．Talented and strong-minded.
C．Weak but helpful.
D．Talented but lazy.
答案　B
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
Beethoven 1.is regarded(regard) as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.Unfortunately，he began to lose his hearing 2.in his twenties.He thought about giving up，but he continued to write music until his death in 1827.Beethoven produced some 3.amazing(amaze) pieces，including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
One day in February 1824，Beethoven’s ninth symphony was 4.finally(final) completed.Before the performance，Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be 5.a disaster.After all，he could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius.
The audience did not hesitate 6.to clap(clap) and cheer loudly as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.For more than an hour，Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms wildly in the air，and madly turning the pages of his score.
As the final，joyous note signalled the end of the symphony，the audience jumped to their 7.feet(foot)，clapping，cheering and waving their hats.But Beethoven continued conducting，his head 8.buried(bury) in the score.It was not until one of the singers took his arm and turned him to face the audience 9.that Beethoven realised his symphony was a success.The audience was shocked，most of 10.whom had no idea that Beethoven was deaf！
1．Everyone knows that Ludwig van Beethoven is a musical(music) genius but few might know how he created Symphony No.9 in D minor and how its(it) first show went.(P14)
结构分析：本句是but连接的并列复合句。前一个分句中that引导宾语从句；第二个分句中两个how均引导宾语从句。
汉语翻译：大家都知道路德维希·凡·贝多芬是一个音乐天才，但或许很少有人知道D小调第九交响曲的创作过程以及这部交响曲首演的故事。
2．Inspired by his struggles with deafness，the composer produced some amazing(amaze) pieces，including(include) nine symphonies，five piano pieces，and an opera！(P14，Para.1)
结构分析：本句是简单句。句中过去分词短语Inspired by...作状语，表被动。
汉语翻译：这位作曲家在与耳聋抗争中受到启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九部交响曲、五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧！
3．As he proudly(proud) signed his name at the bottom of the page，Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it for the first time.(P14，Para.2)
结构分析：本句是主从复合句。as引导时间状语从句；主句中的how引导宾语从句，when引导时间状语从句。
汉语翻译：他自豪地在页面底部署下名字，同时努力想象人们第一次听到它时会有什么反应。
4．After all，what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius？(P15，Para.3)
结构分析：本句是主从复合句。what use is a conductor是主句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a conductor；even if引导让步状语从句。
汉语翻译：毕竟，一个听不到自己的管弦乐队的指挥，即使他是音乐天才，能有什么用呢？
5．For more than an hour，Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms(arm) wildly in the air，and madly turning the pages of his score.(P15，Para.4)
结构分析：本句是简单句。句中现在分词短语waving...和turning...均作伴随状语。
汉语翻译：在一个多小时的时间里，贝多芬在乐队前面跳跃着，在空中忘情地挥舞着手臂，疯狂地翻动乐谱。
6．The whole time，Umlauf stood quietly by his side，skilfully(skilful) guiding the orchestra through the most amazing piece of music the world had ever known.(P15，Para.4)
结构分析：本句是主从复合句。guiding the orchestra...是现在分词短语作伴随状语；the world had ever known是省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰music。
汉语翻译：而奥姆洛夫一直安静地站在他身边，巧妙地指挥管弦乐队演奏这首世界上最神奇的音乐作品。
7．As the final，joyous/joyful(joy) note signalled the end of the symphony，the audience jumped to their feet，clapping，cheering and waving their hats.(P15，Para.5)
结构分析：本句是主从复合句。as引导时间状语从句；现在分词clapping，cheering和waving均作伴随状语。
汉语翻译：最后一个欢快的音符标志着交响乐的结束，观众们跳了起来，鼓掌、欢呼，并挥舞着他们的帽子。
struggle n．奋斗 vi.奋斗，拼搏
struggle to do sth努力做某事
struggle for...为……而奋斗；争夺……
struggle with/against...与……抗争
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
(1)The young girl is struggling to improve(improve) her performance at school.
(2)The atmosphere greatly affected the man who was struggling with/against cancer.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)不幸的是，大卫摔倒在地，但他挣扎着站起来，努力跑向终点线，他小小的身体左右摇晃着。
Unluckily，David fell to the ground，but he struggled to his feet and struggled to run to the finish line，his small body rocking from side to side.
respond vi.& vt.回应，回复(response n．回答；回应)
·respond to 回答；回应
· make a response to...对……做出回应
in response to...对……做出回应；回复……
(1)They decided to hold a meeting in response(respond) to the incident last week.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之道歉信)对不起，我昨天没有及时回复你的电子邮件。我太忙于研究了，完全忘记了。
I’m sorry that I didn’t respond to/make a response to your email in time yesterday.I was so busy with my research that I forgot it completely.
hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇(hesitation n．犹豫)
· hesitate about/over doing sth 对于做某事感到犹豫
not hesitate to do sth毫不犹豫做某事，尽管做某事
·have no hesitation in doing sth毫不犹豫做某事
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
(1)He didn’t hesitate to accept(accept) my invitation/accepted my invitation without hesitation(hesitate)，which surprised me.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之告知信)如果您有任何问题或需要更多的信息，请尽管问我。
Please do not hesitate to ask me if you have any questions or require more information.
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)一听到有人呼救，他就像箭一样冲到了湖边，然后毫不犹豫地跳了下去。
On hearing someone crying for help，he rushed to the lake like an arrow and jumped into it without hesitation.
charge n．[U] 掌管，主管；职责，责任vt.& vi.收费，要价 vt.控告；指责
·take charge of负责；掌管……
in charge (of) 负责；掌管
in the charge of/in one’s charge由……负责
free of charge免费
·charge sb for sth因某事向某人收费
charge sb with (doing) sth指控某人犯……罪
charge at冲击；冲向
(1)I wonder how much you will charge us for the six-week courses.
(2)It is said that the band is in the charge of a talented young singer.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2021·全国甲，书面表达)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
I will be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.
(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)张着血盆大口，这只凶猛的饿狼突然跳起来，冲向我，就快要一口把我吃掉。
Opening its bloody mouth，the fierce hungry wolf sprang to its feet suddenly，charged at me and was about to eat me up in one gulp.
signal v．(signalled或signaled)标志着；预示；发信号；示意 n．标识；信号
·signal (to/for) sb to do sth示意某人做某事
signal sb that...示意某人……
·a traffic signal交通信号
(1)I ran up to the car，took him by the arm and signalled him to follow(follow) me..
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之动作描写)我妈妈朝我眨了眨眼睛，示意我应该停止说话，但没有奏效。
My mother winked at me，and signaled (to/for) me to stop speaking/signaling me that I should stop speaking，but it didn’t work.
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)这个善良的人抱起受伤的男孩，把他放到车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。
The kind man lifted up the injured boy，placed him in the car and rushed him to the hospital，ignoring the traffic signals all the way.
compose vt.作(曲)；构成，组成；写作(composer n．作曲家)
be composed of(＝be made up of＝consist of)由……组成
compose oneself使自己镇静下来
(1)Mozart was a famous composer and he composed his last opera shortly before he died.(compose)
(2)He is performing the song composed(compose) by that master.
[写作佳句]
(3)The team，which consisted of/was composed of/was made up of(由……组成) over 50 people，was sent to that area.
(4)听到这个意外的消息后，她深吸了一口气，镇定下来再做回应。
After hearing the unexpected news，she took a deep breath and composed herself before responding.
独立主格结构
But Beethoven continued conducting，his head buried in the score.(P15，Para.5)
但贝多芬的头还埋在乐谱里，继续指挥。
结构分析：句中“his head buried in the score”是独立主格结构，用作伴随状语，可转换成“and his head was buried in the score”。
————————————————————————————————————————
独立主格结构通常由“名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语”构成。现在分词表示主动意义；过去分词表示被动意义或动作已完成；不定式表示尚未发生或将要发生的动作。
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)All the emails answered(answer)，the girl turned off the computer.
(2)The exam to be held(hold) tomorrow，I can’t go to the cinema tonight.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)看到这一幕，男孩藏在了一块大石头后面，他的心狂跳着。
Seeing the scene，the boy hid himself behind a big stone，his heart beating wildly.
阅读以下短文，体会加黑部分，完成下面的练习
The ①relationship between young people and ②nonprofit ③organizations can be the start of a great change in the community and should be a very ④powerful ⑤educational experience.An ⑥open-minded and ⑦promising flow of ⑧communication between organizations and community members can be the start of social and ⑨environmental change.Together，we can make a big ⑩difference.
英语中常见的构词法有合成法和派生法。合成法就是两个独立的单词合成一个新的单词，如文中的①⑥。派生法就是在一个词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来构成一个新词，如文中的②③④⑤⑦⑧⑨⑩。
构词法
按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫构词法。构词法是单词构词的基本规律，有辅助记忆、以熟带生、以生通熟的作用。掌握构词法知识对我们更好地理解词义、认识新词和扩大词汇量都有重要意义。英语中的构词法有合成法、派生法、转化法和缩略法四大类。
一、合成法
由两个或两个以上的单词合成的词叫合成词，这种构词法称为合成法。最常见的合成法包括：合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词、合成副词、合成介词、合成代词。词与词之间有的用连字符连接，有的直接连接在一起。
1．合成名词的常见结构
(1)名词＋名词
sportsman男运动员；lifeboat救生船
(2)名词＋动词-ing
handwriting书法；sightseeing观光
(3)名词＋动词＋-er
storyteller讲故事的人；lawbreaker不法分子
(4)动词＋副词
get-together聚会；breakthrough突破；tryout选拔赛
(5)过去分词＋副词
grown-up成年人
2．合成形容词的常见结构
(1)名词＋动词-ing
English-speaking讲英语的；peace-loving爱好和平的
(2)形容词＋名词＋-ed
warm-hearted热心的；strong-minded有主见的
(3)数词＋名词＋-ed
two-handed用双手的
(4)数词＋名词＋形容词
three-year-old三岁的；two-foot-deep两英尺深的
3．合成动词的常见结构
(1)形容词＋动词
whitewash粉刷(墙壁等)
(2)副词＋动词
overcome战胜；overthrow 推翻
(3)名词＋动词
sleepwalk梦游
4．合成副词的常见结构
(1)形容词＋名词
hotfoot急匆匆地
(2)副词＋副词
however无论如何；whenever究竟什么时候
(3)介词＋副词
forever永远
(4)介词＋名词
beforehand预先；downstairs 在楼下
5．合成介词的常见结构
(1)副词＋名词
inside在……里；outside 在……外
(2)介词＋副词
throughout遍及；within 在……之内
(3)副词＋介词
into到……里；upon 在……之上
6．合成代词的常见结构
(1)代词宾格＋self
herself她自己；himself 他自己
(2)物主代词＋self
myself我自己；yourself 你自己
(3)代词＋名词
anything任何东西；anybody任何人
二、派生法
在一个词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来生成一个新词的构词法，称作派生法。加在词根之前的词缀叫作前缀，加在词根之后的词缀为后缀。
1．动词变名词后缀
(1)-y　discover→discovery发现；injure→injury伤害
(2)-er/-or/-ar/-ee　employ→employer雇主；educate→educator教育工作者；beg→beggar乞丐；employ→employee雇员
(3)-al　arrive→arrival到达；refuse→refusal拒绝
(4)-ion/-tion/-ation　act→action行动；intend→intention打算；occupy→occupation职业
(5)其他　choose→choice选择；think→thought思想；思考
2．形容词变名词后缀
(1)-y/-ty/-ity　difficult→difficulty困难；safe→safety安全；major→majority大多数
(2)-th　warm→warmth温暖；true→truth真理
(3)-ness　happy→happiness幸福；kind→kindness仁慈
(4)-ce　silent→silence沉默；different→difference差异
3．形容词变副词后缀
(1)直接加-ly
certain→certainly肯定地；natural→naturally自然地
(2)以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i再加-ly
happy→happily高兴地；lucky→luckily幸运地
(3)以-le结尾的词，去e加y
terrible→terribly非常；simple→simply简单地
(4)以-ic结尾的形容词，加-ally
basic→basically基本上，大体上；tragic→tragically悲惨地，不幸地
4．否定前缀
(1)un-　healthy→unhealthy不健康的；fair→unfair不公平的
(2)im-/il-/ir-　possible→impossible不可能的；legal→illegal不合法的；regular→irregular 无规律的，不定期的；不规则的
(3)dis-　like→dislike不喜欢；agree→disagree不同意
(4)mis-　understand→misunderstand误解；lead→mislead误导
(5)in-　formal→informal非正式的；convenient→inconvenient不方便的
(6)non-　non-existent不存在的；non-profit非盈利的
5．其他意义的前缀、后缀
(1)re-(重新)　write→rewrite重写；build→rebuild重建
(2)-less(无)　harm→harmless无害的；use→useless无用的
三、转化法
把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。
1．许多名词可转化为动词，意思也随之有些改变。如：
cook(n.厨师→v.烹饪)　name(n.名字→v.命名)
picture(n.画→v.描绘)　stand(n.看台→v.站)
2．形容词转化为动词。如：
calm(adj.平静的→v.使平静)　spare(adj.空闲的→v.节省)
own(adj.自己的→v.拥有)　last(adj.最后的→v.持续)
3．形容词转化为副词。如：
hard(adj.困难的→adv.努力地)　well(adj.健康的→adv.很好地)
四、缩略法
缩略法是指把原词的音节加以省略或简化，从而在拼写和读音上都呈现出新的形式的构词方法。缩略法最常见的一种形式就是首字母缩略。如：
UN——the United Nations联合国
MTV——music television音乐电视
AIDS——Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome艾滋病
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He lied to me，which made me unhappy(happy)．
2．A foreigner(foreign) came to visit our campus last Friday.
3．It is very dangerous(danger) for children to play with fire.
4．Only in this way can a new generation be healthily(healthy) brought up.
5．Curious and excited，he opened the box without hesitation(hesitate)．
6．Frankly speaking，I enjoyed the play，particularly(particular) the second half.
7．I want to work in the atmosphere which is fairly informal(formal) and relaxing.
Ⅱ.选词填空
absent-minded，passer-by，face-to-face，dry-clean，ill-treated，peace-loving，color-blind，pickpocket，notebook，ready-made
1．Such expensive clothes need dry-cleaning.
2．They agreed to have a face-to-face talk the next week.
3．The pickpocket was caught stealing the cellphone from a lady.
4．The ill-treated people took up struggles for equal human rights.
5．Actually the boy is color-blind and cannot tell blue from yellow.
6．Some passers-by lent me a hand when they saw me get into trouble.
7．The fat man can hardly find any ready-made clothes that fit him well.
8．We are peace-loving and we never hurt others.
9．When I use my dictionary，I write down all the new words I have learnt in this little notebook.
10．The boy is often absent-minded in class，but sometimes he can listen to the teacher closely.
训练4　Lesson 3
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．She took charge of our dog w5hen we went on holiday.
2．As long as you have struggled for your dream，you are a success.
3．It is obvious that she is totally unprepared for his response(respond)．
4．It was not until he got home that he found that his keys were missing.
5．The young conductor(conduct) was crazy about comedies in his spare time.
6．A composer(compose) is a person who writes music，especially classical music.
7．The lovely girl stood at the platform，waving(wave) to the passengers on the train.
8．The guide told us that this trip would be very joyous/joyful(joy)．
9．He spared some time to take his parents to enjoy the play performed(perform) by that actor.
10．Having realized the importance of protecting the environment，he didn’t hesitate to take(take) action.
Ⅱ.单句写作(求助信)(满分15分)
1．下周末要举行英语话剧比赛，我们把一篇课文改编成了一部英语话剧。(独立主格)
The English play contest to be held next weekend，we have adapted a text for an English play.
2．但是，直到昨天我们才意识到我们的话剧有一些问题。(It was not until...that...)
However，it was not until yesterday that we realized there was something wrong with our play.
3．我们正在排练(rehearse)我们的话剧，那时有人告诉我们台词太长了。(be doing...when...)
We were rehearsing our play when someone told us the lines were much too long.
4．现在最让我们困扰的是我们的台词不能恰当地传达我们的情感。(what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句)
What disturbs us most at present is that the lines can’t convey our emotions properly.
5．我们想让您在方便的时候帮忙修改润色一下我们的底稿。否则，我们的表演可能会是一次失败。(otherwise 虚拟语气用法)
We hope that you can help to revise and polish our script at your convenience.Otherwise，our performance would be a failure.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
参考范文
Dear Mr Smith，
I’m writing to ask for your guidance on our short play at the English play contest.The English play contest to be held next weekend，we have adapted a text for an English play.However，it was not until yesterday that we realized there was something wrong with our play.We were rehearsing our play when someone told us the lines were much too long.Besides，what disturbs us most at present is that the lines can’t convey our emotions properly.So we hope that you can help to revise and polish our script at your convenience.Otherwise，our performance would be a failure.
Would it be possible for us to meet in our classroom at 5 p．m.this Friday
We’re looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Researches show that 43,000 years ago our ancestors were making music.The fact that music has been with us for so long explains why it affects us both mentally and physically.Tears can uncontrollably well up even in the most hardened eyes when Bruce Springsteen sings The River.It’s hard not to nod your head with Joan Jett and the Blackhearts’ I Love Rock N’ Roll.And you might not be human if you don’t feel an urge to dance while listening to Taylor Swift’s Shake It Off.We have evolved(进化) to feel music.
There’s plentiful evidence that humans really feel music，but are the feelings universal If humans from different cultures listen to the same songs，will they respond in the same way That’s what a team of Chinese and Finnish researchers wanted to find out.
In a recent experiment，they presented nearly 2,000 participants from the United Kingdom，the United States，and China with different songs from Western and Chinese cultures and asked them to describe where they felt the music in their bodies.For this，the researchers gave each subject blank outlines of a human and asked them to color the regions where they felt changing activity in their bodies.
The researchers found that all the participants responded to the songs in nearly the same way.“Across both cultures，happy and danceable songs activated the arms，legs，and the head.In contrast，sad，gentle，and scary songs activated mainly the chest and head regions，” the researchers described.“The results suggest similar bodily feelings of musical emotions across distant cultures.” Furthermore，the results show that humans feel music in the same way regardless of language and familiarity.Participants from one culture were not very familiar with others’ songs.Instead，their bodies were responding to specific acoustic(听觉的) clues.
However，the team note that their experiment only analyzed two cultures，meaning it’s possible that people living in a faraway part of the world would react to music very differently，which will be the highlight of their further study.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。研究表明无论语言和熟悉程度如何，人类对音乐的感受都是相似的。
1．What do the songs mentioned in paragraph l feature
A．Danceable beats.
B．Traditional styles.
C．Emotional impact.
D．Confusing content.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。由第一段中的“The fact that music has been with us for so long explains why it affects us both mentally and physically.Tears can uncontrollably well up even in the most hardened eyes...It’s hard not to nod your head...And you might not be human if you don’t feel an urge to dance...”可知，第一段提到的歌曲具有情感冲击力。故选C项。
2．What do the Chinese and Finnish researchers aim to do
A．Understand the history of music.
B．Explore people’s feelings for music.
C．Compare cultural differences in songs.
D．Study songs’ effect on physical health.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。由第二段内容可知，中国和芬兰的研究人员旨在探索人们对音乐的感受。故选B项。
3．What can we learn from paragraph 4
A．All types of music activate the legs.
B．Humans respond similarly to music.
C．Familiar songs inspire more feelings.
D．People learn language through music.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。由第四段首句“The researchers found that all the participants responded to the songs in nearly the same way.”以及下文的具体阐述可知，人类对音乐的反应类似。故选B项。
4．What will the team do in the future
A．Create new music types.
B．Observe human behavior.
C．Put the discoveries to use.
D．Expand the participant range.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。由最后一段可知，团队目前只分析了两种文化，意味着居住在世界较远地区的人们可能对音乐的反应不同，这将是他们未来研究的重点，即团队将来会扩大实验参与者的范围。故选D项。
B
A broken heart and a sad ending to a long friendship.That’s something most of us have experienced，or probably will.After all，it’s part of human life.But the experience can be hard to get over.
But research shows there are pathways through the heartache.Listening to sad music is a major one.It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again.It can arouse the desire to connect with others.
Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart.A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy(同情)，and a desire for positive connection with others.That，itself，is psychologically healing.It draws you away from concentration on yourself，and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort.
Another experiment，from the University of Kent，found that when people were experiencing sadness，listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood.In fact，it did so when the person first consciously accepted the situation causing their sadness，and then began listening to the sad music.That is，when they intended that the sad music might help，they found that it did.
These findings link with other studies that show accepting your sad situation emotionally leads to healing and growth beyond it.It seems unbelievable but it does make sense.For example，research from Cornell University found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation，and viewing it as a step towards growth and change，encourages people to find a pathway through it，beyond it.As Churchill famously said，“If you’re going through hell，keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan，a new action.It brings hope.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了听悲伤的音乐在治愈心灵创伤中的作用。 相关研究表明，听悲伤的音乐可以帮助人们重新感受到生活的快乐和希望，唤起同理心，并激发与他人建立积极联系的欲望。
5．What can we learn from paragraphs 3 and 4
A．Sad music can make people help others.
B．Sad music can make sad people feel better.
C．Sad music can make people believe in themselves.
D．Sad music can make people concentrate on themselves.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart.” 和第四段中“Another experiment，from the University of Kent，found that when people were experiencing sadness，listening to music that was ‘beautiful but sad’ improved their mood.”可知，悲伤的音乐对悲伤的人而言有治愈作用，能改善他们的情绪，即可以让他们感觉好一些。故选B项。
6．What does the phrase underlined in the last paragraph mean
A．Hearing a swear word used by enemies.
B．Avoiding a place to go after death.
C．Getting an extremely pleasant time.
D．Having an unbearable experience.
答案　D
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“That discomfort points you towards creating a plan，a new action.It brings hope.”可推知，此处描述一种不适的、糟糕的经历。结合选项内容可知，画线短语意思应该是“有难以忍受的经历”。故选D项。
7．How does the author develop this article
A．By presenting research findings.
B．By giving directions.
C．By listing authoritative figures.
D．By comparing examples.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“A recent study from Germany found...”，第四段中“Another experiment，from the University of Kent，found that...”和最后一段中“For example，research from Cornell University found that...”可知，文章呈现了多个研究结果，来表明听悲伤音乐的积极作用。故选A项。
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the article
A．How to Find Pathways Through Heartaches
B．How We React to a Broken Heart Matters a Lot
C．What We Can Do to Overcome Discomfort in Life
D．Why Listening to Sad Music Heals Your Broken Heart
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“But research shows there are pathways through the heartache.Listening to sad music is a major one.”可知，文章主要介绍了听悲伤的音乐在治愈心灵创伤中的作用，这些作用包括帮助人们重新感受到生活的快乐和希望，唤起同理心，并激发与他人建立积极联系的欲望等。因此，D项“为什么听悲伤的音乐能治愈你破碎的心”契合文章主旨，可作为最佳标题。故选D项。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
The music industry has undergone great changes over the past few decades due to technological advancements. 1
Music Creation Made Easy with Technology
2 Today，artists can create their music from home using software.The digital workstations such as Ableton or Logic Pro allow musicians to record and edit music on their computers，saving both time and money.With these tools，anyone with a computer can make music，whether they’re a professional artist or a beginner.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Music
Artificial intelligence(AI) is making waves in music creation.It can now help musicians write songs and create tunes and mix tracks.Programs like Amper Music and AIVA assist in composing music to create original pieces.AI can help artists save time and come up with fresh ideas. 3 Will AI eventually replace musicians，or will it be a helpful tool for them to use
Music Education Through Technology
Learning music has become easier thanks to technology.Some apps and online platforms provide lessons for beginners and advanced musicians alike.These tools make learning more flexible. 4 Technology also helps teachers create interactive lessons，making music education more fun.
The Role of Virtual Reality in Music
Virtual reality(VR) is slowly becoming a part of the music world.With VR，fans can attend concerts in virtual spaces. 5 Some artists are even creating VR music videos，offering an immersive(沉浸式的) experience.Although VR is still new to music，it has the potential to completely change how people enjoy live and recorded music in the future.
A．They allow people to practice anytime and anywhere.
B．Anyone with an Internet connection can listen to music.
C．They can experience the performance as if they were there in person.
D．Digital technology is playing a role in how music is made and enjoyed.
E．This method has made it easier for people to explore different music.
F．In the past，recording music meant going to a studio and spending money.
G．However，it also raises questions about the role of human creativity in music.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于技术进步，音乐行业发生了巨大变化，并从音乐创作、人工智能对音乐的影响、音乐教育以及虚拟现实在音乐中的应用四个方面进行了阐述。
1．答案　D
解析　根据上文可知，下文承接上文，要讲述技术进步在音乐产业中起到的作用，D选项“数字技术在音乐的制作和欣赏方式上发挥着作用”符合语境，点明主旨。故选D。
2．答案　F
解析　下文讲述了技术进步带来音乐创作方式的改变，F选项“在过去，录制音乐意味着要去录音室并花钱”符合语境，与下文形成对比。故选F。
3．答案　G
解析　根据小标题可知，本段讲人工智能对音乐的影响。结合上文“Artificial intelligence(AI) is making waves in music creation.It can now help musicians...come up with fresh ideas.”可知，人工智能在音乐创作中起积极作用。G选项“然而，它也引发了关于人类创造力在音乐中作用的疑问”承接上文，讲述人工智能在音乐创作领域带来积极影响的同时，也带来了问题，引出下文对这些问题的介绍。故选G。
4．答案　A
解析　根据上文可知，技术的发展让学习音乐变得更容易。下文要讲述这些工具使学习更加灵活的表现，A选项“它们允许人们随时随地练习”符合语境，承接上文，说明这些工具的便利性。故选A。
5．答案　C
解析　根据上文“With VR，fans can attend concerts in virtual spaces.”可知，有了虚拟现实，粉丝们可以在虚拟空间里参加音乐会。空处要讲述粉丝们参加虚拟音乐会的体验，C选项“他们可以像亲临现场一样体验演出”符合语境，承接上文，说明粉丝们参加虚拟音乐会的感受。故选C。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
On March 22，just 10 minutes before a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class 1.________________(schedule) to begin，the lecture hall at Nanchang University was packed with over 100 people.
More students continued to pour in,2. (cause) Chen Li，the professor to give the lecture，to relocate the class to a larger place.Having taught the course for many years，Chen focuses on the history，melodies and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera.Chen’s teaching style，which combines traditional lecturing with live performances,3. (set) her class apart.
Often dressed in Jiangxi Opera costumes in her class，Chen transforms the classroom into a stage to build 4. (enthusiastic) in her students.Wearing traditional clothes，the students immerse themselves 5. (entire) in the world of Jiangxi Opera.“In my class，I urge them 6. (come) to the stage and experience the whole process for themselves，” Chen said.“7. an active advocate of Jiangxi Opera，I need to think more about the future of the art form.”
Zhou Xiaoli，who once performed in Chen’s class，found her interactive teaching method unique and 8. (engage) and has developed an interest in this art form.“I thought Jiangxi Opera boring and outdated before,9. her class made me love it，” she said.
Jiangxi Opera has deep historical roots.During the 1950s and 60s，it thrived in Leping City with more than 400 ancient stages，over 20 percent of 10. were well-preserved from the Ming and Qing Dynasties.In 2018，Jiangxi Opera appeared on the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了南昌大学的陈教授将表演带入赣剧艺术鉴赏课以激发学生们的热情，以及赣剧在江西的历史与发展情况。
1．答案　was scheduled
解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，从句主语a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class与schedule之间为被动关系，故此处使用被动语态；主句谓语动词为“was packed”且有明确的过去时间短语“On March 22”，所以从句也要用一般过去时，从句主语为单数。故填was scheduled。
2．答案　causing
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处填非谓语动词，cause与其逻辑主语为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式，构成现在分词短语作结果状语。故填causing。
3．答案　sets
解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，从句谓语动词“combines”用一般现在时，主句谓语动词也要用一般现在时；此处主语“style”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填sets。
4．答案　enthusiasm
解析　考查名词。空前“build”为及物动词，此处需填“enthusiastic”的名词形式作宾语。故填enthusiasm。
5．答案　entirely
解析　考查副词。此空需修饰动词“immerse”，应使用副词形式。故填entirely。
6．答案　to come
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处考查urge＋宾语＋to do，需填不定式形式作宾补。故填to come。
7．答案　As
解析　考查介词。根据空格后的“an active advocate”以及句意可知，此处需填介词as表明身份，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填As。
8．答案　engaging
解析　考查形容词。“unique and ”表明此处需填形容词，结合句意可知，此处表示“迷人的”，应填“engage”的现在分词形式转化的形容词。故填engaging。
9．答案　but/yet
解析　考查连词。结合句意，分析句子可知，此处需要一个表示转折的并列连词。故填but/yet。
10．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词stages，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，应用which。故填which。(共108张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Lesson 3
ART
UNIT 7
内容索引
Part 1　课文深度理解
Part 2　长句难句分析
Part 3　语言知识梳理
Part 4　语法项目精讲
训练4
课文深度理解
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What’s the main idea of the text
A.The first show of Ludwig van Beethoven.
B.The creating process of Ludwig van Beethoven’s ninth symphony.
C.The musical genius Ludwig van Beethoven and his Symphony No.9 in D
minor.
D.Ludwig van Beethoven’s skills on the piano.
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Germany
composer
hearing
including
disaster
charge
jumped
quietly
feet
cheering
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1.What is Beethoven most famous for
A.His piano performances.
B.Conducting orchestras.
C.Singing songs.
D.Writing music.
√
2.What can we infer from paragraph 4
A.Michael Umlauf performed better than Beethoven.
B.The audience didn’t understand Beethoven’s music.
C.The audience liked and admired Beethoven very much.
D.Beethoven performed on the stage for less than an hour.
√
3.Which words can best describe Beethoven
A.Selfish and cold-hearted.
B.Talented and strong-minded.
C.Weak but helpful.
D.Talented but lazy.
√
Beethoven 1. (regard) as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.Unfortunately，he began to lose his hearing 2. his twenties.He thought about giving up，but he continued to write music until his death in 1827.Beethoven produced some 3. (amaze) pieces，including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
One day in February 1824，Beethoven’s ninth symphony was
4. (final) completed.Before the performance，Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be 5. disaster.After all，he could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius.
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
is regarded
in
amazing
finally
a
The audience did not hesitate 6. (clap) and cheer loudly as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.For more than an hour，Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms wildly in the air，and madly turning the pages of his score.
As the final，joyous note signalled the end of the symphony，the audience jumped to their 7. (foot)，clapping，cheering and waving their hats.But Beethoven continued conducting，his head 8. (bury) in the score.It was not until one of the singers took his arm and turned him to face the audience 9. Beethoven realised his symphony was a success.The audience was shocked，most of 10. had no idea that Beethoven was deaf！
to clap
whom
feet
buried
that
返 回
长句难句分析
1.Everyone knows that Ludwig van Beethoven is a (music) genius but few might know how he created Symphony No.9 in D minor and how
(it) first show went.(P14)
结构分析：本句是but连接的 句。前一个分句中that引导_____
从句；第二个分句中两个how均引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
its
musical
并列复合
宾语
宾语
大家都知道路德维希·凡·贝多芬是一个音乐天才，但或许很少有人知道D小调第九交响曲的创作过程以及这部交响曲首演的故事。
2.Inspired by his struggles with deafness，the composer produced some
(amaze) pieces， (include) nine symphonies，five piano pieces，and opera！(P14，Para.1)
结构分析：本句是 句。句中过去分词短语Inspired by...作 ，表被动。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
including
amazing
an
简单
状语
这位作曲家在与耳聋抗争中受到启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九部交响曲、五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧！
3.As he (proud) signed his name the bottom of the page，Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it
the first time.(P14，Para.2)
结构分析：本句是 句。as引导 从句；主句中的how引导 从句，when引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
at
proudly
for
主从复合
时间状语
他自豪地在页面底部署下名字，同时努力想象人们第一次听到它时会有什么反应。
宾语
时间状语
4.After all，what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is musical genius？(P15，Para.3)
结构分析：本句是 句。what use is a conductor是 ；who引导 从句，修饰先行词a conductor；even if引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
a
主从复合
主句
毕竟，一个听不到自己的管弦乐队的指挥，即使他是音乐天才，能有什么用呢？
定语
让步状语
5.For more than an hour，Beethoven jumped about front of the orchestra，waving his (arm) wildly in the air，and madly turning the pages of his score.(P15，Para.4)
结构分析：本句是 句。句中现在分词短语waving...和turning...均作
。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
in
arms
简单
在一个多小时的时间里，贝多芬在乐队前面跳跃着，在空中忘情地挥舞着手臂，疯狂地翻动乐谱。
伴随状语
6.The whole time，Umlauf stood quietly his side， (skilful) guiding the orchestra through the most amazing piece of music the world had ever known.(P15，Para.4)
结构分析：本句是 句。guiding the orchestra...是现在分词短语作 ；the world had ever known是省略了 的 从句，修饰music。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
skilfully
by
主从复合
而奥姆洛夫一直安静地站在他身边，巧妙地指挥管弦乐队演奏这首世界上最神奇的音乐作品。
伴随状语
that/which
定语
7.As the final， (joy) note signalled the end of the symphony，the audience jumped their feet，clapping，cheering and waving their hats.(P15，Para.5)
结构分析：本句是 句。as引导 从句；现在分词clapping，cheering和waving均作 。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
joyous/joyful
to
主从复合
最后一个欢快的音符标志着交响乐的结束，观众们跳了起来，鼓掌、欢呼，并挥舞着他们的帽子。
时间状语
伴随状语
返 回
语言知识梳理
n.奋斗 vi.奋斗，拼搏
1
struggle
(1)The young girl is struggling (improve) her performance at school.
(2)The atmosphere greatly affected the man who was struggling
cancer.
to improve
struggle to do sth努力做某事
struggle for...为……而奋斗；争夺……
struggle with/against...与……抗争
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
with/against
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)不幸的是，大卫摔倒在地，但他挣扎着站起来，努力跑向终点线，他小小的身体左右摇晃着。
Unluckily，David fell to the ground，but he ________________
and ，his small body rocking from side to side.
写作佳句
struggled to his feet
struggled to run to the finish line
vi.& vt.回应，回复(response n.回答；回应)
2
respond
(1)They decided to hold a meeting in (respond) to the incident last week.
response
·respond to 回答；回应
·make a response to...对……做出回应
in response to...对……做出回应；回复……
(2)(应用文写作之道歉信)对不起，我昨天没有及时回复你的电子邮件。我太忙于研究了，完全忘记了。
I’m sorry that I didn’t your email in time yesterday.I was so busy with my research that I forgot it completely.
写作佳句
respond to/make a response to
vi.犹豫；踌躇(hesitation n.犹豫)
3
hesitate
(1)He didn’t hesitate (accept) my invitation/accepted my invitation without (hesitate)，which surprised me.
to accept
·hesitate about/over doing sth 对于做某事感到犹豫
not hesitate to do sth毫不犹豫做某事，尽管做某事
·have no hesitation in doing sth毫不犹豫做某事
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
hesitation
(2)(应用文写作之告知信)如果您有任何问题或需要更多的信息，请尽管问我。
if you have any questions or require more information.
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)一听到有人呼救，他就像箭一样冲到了湖边，然后毫不犹豫地跳了下去。
On hearing someone crying for help，he rushed to the lake like an arrow and .
写作佳句
Please do not hesitate to ask me
jumped into it without hesitation
4
charge
n.[U] 掌管，主管；职责，责任vt.& vi.收费，要价 vt.控告；指责
·take charge of负责；掌管……
in charge (of) 负责；掌管
in the charge of/in one’s charge由……负责
free of charge免费
·charge sb for sth因某事向某人收费
charge sb with (doing) sth指控某人犯……罪
charge at冲击；冲向
(1)I wonder how much you will charge us the six-week courses.
(2)It is said that the band is in charge of a talented young singer.
for
the
(3)(2021·全国甲，书面表达)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
I _____________________________________________________
designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.
写作佳句
will be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting
(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)张着血盆大口，这只凶猛的饿狼突然跳起来，冲向我，就快要一口把我吃掉。
Opening its bloody mouth，the fierce hungry wolf sprang to its feet suddenly， and was about to eat me up in one gulp.
charged at me
5
signal
(1)I ran up to the car，took him by the arm and signalled him _________
(follow) me..
·signal (to/for) sb to do sth示意某人做某事
signal sb that...示意某人……
·a traffic signal交通信号
to follow
v.(signalled或signaled)标志着；预示；发信号；示意 n.标识；信号
(2)(读后续写之动作描写)我妈妈朝我眨了眨眼睛，示意我应该停止说话，但没有奏效。
My mother winked at me，_______________________________
，but it didn’t work.
写作佳句
and signaled (to/for) me to stop
speaking/signaling me that I should stop speaking
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)这个善良的人抱起受伤的男孩，把他放到车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。
The kind man lifted up the injured boy，placed him in the car and rushed him to the hospital，___________________________
.
ignoring the traffic signals all
the way
vt.作(曲)；构成，组成；写作(composer n.作曲家)
6
compose
be composed of(＝be made up of＝consist of)由……组成
compose oneself使自己镇静下来
(1)Mozart was a famous and he his last opera shortly before he died.(compose)
(2)He is performing the song (compose) by that master.
composer
composed
composed
(3)The team，which _____________________________________
(由……组成) over 50 people，was sent to that area.
(4)听到这个意外的消息后，她深吸了一口气，镇定下来再做回应。
After hearing the unexpected news，she took a deep breath and
before responding.
写作佳句
consisted of/was composed of/was made up
of
composed herself
But Beethoven continued conducting，his head buried in the score.(P15，Para.5)
但贝多芬的头还埋在乐谱里，继续指挥。
结构分析：句中“his head buried in the score”是独立主格结构，用作伴随状语，可转换成“and his head was buried in the score”。
独立主格结构
7
独立主格结构通常由“名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语”构成。现在分词表示主动意义；过去分词表示被动意义或动作已完成；不定式表示尚未发生或将要发生的动作。
(1)All the emails (answer)，the girl turned off the computer.
(2)The exam (hold) tomorrow，I can’t go to the cinema tonight.
answered
to be held
(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)看到这一幕，男孩藏在了一块大石头后面，他的心狂跳着。
Seeing the scene，the boy hid himself behind a big stone，_____
.
写作佳句
his
heart beating wildly
返 回
语法项目精讲
阅读以下短文，体会加颜色部分，完成下面的练习
The ①relationship between young people and ②nonprofit ③organizations can be the start of a great change in the community and should be a very ④powerful ⑤educational experience.An ⑥open-minded and ⑦promising flow of ⑧communication between organizations and community members can be the start of social and ⑨environmental change.Together，we can make a big ⑩difference.
情境导读
英语中常见的构词法有合成法和派生法。合成法就是两个独立的单词合成一个新的单词，如文中的 。派生法就是在一个词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来构成一个新词，如文中的 。
①⑥
②③④⑤⑦⑧⑨⑩
构词法
按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫构词法。构词法是单词构词的基本规律，有辅助记忆、以熟带生、以生通熟的作用。掌握构词法知识对我们更好地理解词义、认识新词和扩大词汇量都有重要意义。英语中的构词法有合成法、派生法、转化法和缩略法四大类。
语法精讲
一、合成法
由两个或两个以上的单词合成的词叫合成词，这种构词法称为合成法。最常见的合成法包括：合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词、合成副词、合成介词、合成代词。词与词之间有的用连字符连接，有的直接连接在一起。
1.合成名词的常见结构
(1)名词＋名词
sportsman男运动员；lifeboat救生船
(2)名词＋动词-ing
handwriting书法；sightseeing观光
(3)名词＋动词＋-er
storyteller讲故事的人；lawbreaker不法分子
(4)动词＋副词
get-together聚会；breakthrough突破；tryout选拔赛
(5)过去分词＋副词
grown-up成年人
2.合成形容词的常见结构
(1)名词＋动词-ing
English-speaking讲英语的；peace-loving爱好和平的
(2)形容词＋名词＋-ed
warm-hearted热心的；strong-minded有主见的
(3)数词＋名词＋-ed
two-handed用双手的
(4)数词＋名词＋形容词
three-year-old三岁的；two-foot-deep两英尺深的
3.合成动词的常见结构
(1)形容词＋动词
whitewash粉刷(墙壁等)
(2)副词＋动词
overcome战胜；overthrow 推翻
(3)名词＋动词
sleepwalk梦游
4.合成副词的常见结构
(1)形容词＋名词
hotfoot急匆匆地
(2)副词＋副词
however无论如何；whenever究竟什么时候
(3)介词＋副词
forever永远
(4)介词＋名词
beforehand预先；downstairs 在楼下
5.合成介词的常见结构
(1)副词＋名词
inside在……里；outside 在……外
(2)介词＋副词
throughout遍及；within 在……之内
(3)副词＋介词
into到……里；upon 在……之上
6.合成代词的常见结构
(1)代词宾格＋self
herself她自己；himself 他自己
(2)物主代词＋self
myself我自己；yourself 你自己
(3)代词＋名词
anything任何东西；anybody任何人
二、派生法
在一个词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来生成一个新词的构词法，称作派生法。加在词根之前的词缀叫作前缀，加在词根之后的词缀为后缀。
1.动词变名词后缀
(1)-y　discover→discovery发现；injure→injury伤害
(2)-er/-or/-ar/-ee　employ→employer雇主；educate→educator教育工作者；beg→beggar乞丐；employ→employee雇员
(3)-al　arrive→arrival到达；refuse→refusal拒绝
(4)-ion/-tion/-ation　act→action行动；intend→intention打算；occupy→
occupation职业
(5)其他　choose→choice选择；think→thought思想；思考
2.形容词变名词后缀
(1)-y/-ty/-ity　difficult→difficulty困难；safe→safety安全；major→
majority大多数
(2)-th　warm→warmth温暖；true→truth真理
(3)-ness　happy→happiness幸福；kind→kindness仁慈
(4)-ce　silent→silence沉默；different→difference差异
3.形容词变副词后缀
(1)直接加-ly
certain→certainly肯定地；natural→naturally自然地
(2)以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i再加-ly
happy→happily高兴地；lucky→luckily幸运地
(3)以-le结尾的词，去e加y
terrible→terribly非常；simple→simply简单地
(4)以-ic结尾的形容词，加-ally
basic→basically基本上，大体上；tragic→tragically悲惨地，不幸地
4.否定前缀
(1)un-　healthy→unhealthy不健康的；fair→unfair不公平的
(2)im-/il-/ir-　possible→impossible不可能的；legal→illegal不合法的；regular→irregular 无规律的，不定期的；不规则的
(3)dis-　like→dislike不喜欢；agree→disagree不同意
(4)mis-　understand→misunderstand误解；lead→mislead误导
(5)in-　formal→informal非正式的；convenient→inconvenient不方便的
(6)non-　non-existent不存在的；non-profit非盈利的
5.其他意义的前缀、后缀
(1)re-(重新)　write→rewrite重写；build→rebuild重建
(2)-less(无)　harm→harmless无害的；use→useless无用的
三、转化法
把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。
1.许多名词可转化为动词，意思也随之有些改变。如：
cook(n.厨师→v.烹饪)　name(n.名字→v.命名)
picture(n.画→v.描绘)　stand(n.看台→v.站)
2.形容词转化为动词。如：
calm(adj.平静的→v.使平静)　spare(adj.空闲的→v.节省)
own(adj.自己的→v.拥有)　last(adj.最后的→v.持续)
3.形容词转化为副词。如：
hard(adj.困难的→adv.努力地)　well(adj.健康的→adv.很好地)
四、缩略法
缩略法是指把原词的音节加以省略或简化，从而在拼写和读音上都呈现出新的形式的构词方法。缩略法最常见的一种形式就是首字母缩略。如：
UN——the United Nations联合国
MTV——music television音乐电视
AIDS——Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome艾滋病
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He lied to me，which made me (happy).
2.A (foreign) came to visit our campus last Friday.
3.It is very (danger) for children to play with fire.
4.Only in this way can a new generation be (healthy) brought up.
5.Curious and excited，he opened the box without (hesitate).
达标检测
unhappy
foreigner
dangerous
healthily
hesitation
6.Frankly speaking，I enjoyed the play， (particular) the second half.
7.I want to work in the atmosphere which is fairly (formal) and relaxing.
particularly
informal
Ⅱ.选词填空
absent-minded，passer-by，face-to-face，dry-clean，ill-treated，peace-loving，color-blind，pickpocket，notebook，ready-made
1.Such expensive clothes need .
2.They agreed to have a talk the next week.
3.The was caught stealing the cellphone from a lady.
4.The people took up struggles for equal human rights.
5.Actually the boy is and cannot tell blue from yellow.
6.Some lent me a hand when they saw me get into trouble.
dry-cleaning
face-to-face
pickpocket
ill-treated
color-blind
passers-by
absent-minded，passer-by，face-to-face，dry-clean，ill-treated，peace-loving，color-blind，pickpocket，notebook，ready-made
7.The fat man can hardly find any clothes that fit him well.
8.We are and we never hurt others.
9.When I use my dictionary，I write down all the new words I have learnt in this little .
10.The boy is often in class，but sometimes he can listen to the teacher closely.
ready-made
peace-loving
notebook
absent-minded
返 回
训练4
1.She took charge our dog w5hen we went on holiday.
2.As long as you have struggled your dream，you are a success.
3.It is obvious that she is totally unprepared for his (respond).
4.It was not until he got home he found that his keys were missing.
5.The young (conduct) was crazy about comedies in his spare time.
6.A (compose) is a person who writes music，especially classical music.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
of
for
response
that
conductor
composer
7.The lovely girl stood at the platform， (wave) to the passengers on the train.
8.The guide told us that this trip would be very (joy).
9.He spared some time to take his parents to enjoy the play ____________
(perform) by that actor.
10.Having realized the importance of protecting the environment，he didn’t hesitate (take) action.
waving
joyous/joyful
performed
to take
1.下周末要举行英语话剧比赛，我们把一篇课文改编成了一部英语话剧。(独立主格)
，we have adapted a text for an English play.
2.但是，直到昨天我们才意识到我们的话剧有一些问题。(It was not until...that...)
However， there was something wrong with our play.
The English play contest to be held next weekend
Ⅱ.单句写作(求助信)
it was not until yesterday that we realized
3.我们正在排练(rehearse)我们的话剧，那时有人告诉我们台词太长了。(be doing...when...)
someone told us the lines were much too long.
4.现在最让我们困扰的是我们的台词不能恰当地传达我们的情感。(what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句)
the lines can’t convey our emotions properly.
We were rehearsing our play when
What disturbs us most at present is that
5.我们想让您在方便的时候帮忙修改润色一下我们的底稿。否则，我们的表演可能会是一次失败。(otherwise 虚拟语气用法)
We hope that you can help to revise and polish our script at your convenience.____________________________________________
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Otherwise，our performance would be a failure.
参考范文
Dear Mr Smith，
I’m writing to ask for your guidance on our short play at the English play contest.The English play contest to be held next weekend，we have adapted a text for an English play.However，it was not until yesterday that we realized there was something wrong with our play.We were rehearsing our play when someone told us the lines were much too long.
Besides，what disturbs us most at present is that the lines can’t convey our emotions properly.So we hope that you can help to revise and polish our script at your convenience.Otherwise，our performance would be a failure.
Would it be possible for us to meet in our classroom at 5 p.m.this Friday
We’re looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
A
Researches show that 43,000 years ago our ancestors were making music.The fact that music has been with us for so long explains why it affects us both mentally and physically.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。研究表明无论语言和熟悉程度如何，人类对音乐的感受都是相似的。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Tears can uncontrollably well up even in the most hardened eyes when Bruce Springsteen sings The River.It’s hard not to nod your head with Joan Jett and the Blackhearts’ I Love Rock N’ Roll.And you might not be human if you don’t feel an urge to dance while listening to Taylor Swift’s Shake It Off.We have evolved(进化) to feel music.
There’s plentiful evidence that humans really feel music，but are the feelings universal If humans from different cultures listen to the same songs，will they respond in the same way That’s what a team of Chinese and Finnish researchers wanted to find out.
In a recent experiment，they presented nearly 2,000 participants from the United Kingdom，the United States，and China with different songs from Western and Chinese cultures and asked them to describe where they felt the music in their bodies.For this，the researchers gave each subject blank outlines of a human and asked them to color the regions where they felt changing activity in their bodies.
The researchers found that all the participants responded to the songs in nearly the same way.“Across both cultures，happy and danceable songs activated the arms，legs，and the head.In contrast，sad，gentle，and scary songs activated mainly the chest and head regions，” the researchers described.“The results suggest similar bodily feelings of musical emotions across distant cultures.” Furthermore，the results show that humans feel music in the same way regardless of language and familiarity.Participants from one culture were not very familiar with others’ songs.Instead，their bodies were responding to specific acoustic(听觉的) clues.
However，the team note that their experiment only analyzed two cultures，meaning it’s possible that people living in a faraway part of the world would react to music very differently，which will be the highlight of their further study.
1.What do the songs mentioned in paragraph l feature
A.Danceable beats.
B.Traditional styles.
C.Emotional impact.
D.Confusing content.
√
推理判断题。由第一段中的“The fact that music has been with us for so long explains why it affects us both mentally and physically.Tears can uncontrollably well up even in the most hardened eyes...It’s hard not to nod your head...And you might not be human if you don’t feel an urge to dance...”可知，第一段提到的歌曲具有情感冲击力。故选C项。
解析
2.What do the Chinese and Finnish researchers aim to do
A.Understand the history of music.
B.Explore people’s feelings for music.
C.Compare cultural differences in songs.
D.Study songs’ effect on physical health.
√
细节理解题。由第二段内容可知，中国和芬兰的研究人员旨在探索人们对音乐的感受。故选B项。
解析
3.What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.All types of music activate the legs.
B.Humans respond similarly to music.
C.Familiar songs inspire more feelings.
D.People learn language through music.
√
推理判断题。由第四段首句“The researchers found that all the participants responded to the songs in nearly the same way.”以及下文的具体阐述可知，人类对音乐的反应类似。故选B项。
解析
4.What will the team do in the future
A.Create new music types.
B.Observe human behavior.
C.Put the discoveries to use.
D.Expand the participant range.
√
推理判断题。由最后一段可知，团队目前只分析了两种文化，意味着居住在世界较远地区的人们可能对音乐的反应不同，这将是他们未来研究的重点，即团队将来会扩大实验参与者的范围。故选D项。
解析
B
A broken heart and a sad ending to a long friendship.That’s something most of us have experienced，or probably will.After all，it’s part of human life.But the experience can be hard to get over.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了听悲伤的音乐在治愈心灵创伤中的作用。相关研究表明，听悲伤的音乐可以帮助人们重新感受到生活的快乐和希望，唤起同理心，并激发与他人建立积极联系的欲望。
But research shows there are pathways through the heartache.Listening to sad music is a major one.It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again.It can arouse the desire to connect with others.
Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart.A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy(同情)，and a desire for positive connection with others.That，itself，is psychologically healing.It draws you away from concentration on yourself，and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort.
Another experiment，from the University of Kent，found that when people were experiencing sadness，listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood.In fact，it did so when the person first consciously accepted the situation causing their sadness，and then began listening to the sad music.That is，when they intended that the sad music might help，they found that it did.
These findings link with other studies that show accepting your sad situation emotionally leads to healing and growth beyond it.It seems unbelievable but it does make sense.For example，research from Cornell University found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation，and viewing it as a step towards growth and change，encourages people to find a pathway through it，beyond it.As Churchill famously said，“If you’re going through hell，keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan，a new action.It brings hope.
5.What can we learn from paragraphs 3 and 4
A.Sad music can make people help others.
B.Sad music can make sad people feel better.
C.Sad music can make people believe in themselves.
D.Sad music can make people concentrate on themselves.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart.” 和第四段中“Another experiment，from the University of Kent，found that when people were experiencing sadness，listening to music that was ‘beautiful but sad’ improved their mood.”可知，悲伤的音乐对悲伤的人而言有治愈作用，能改善他们的情绪，即可以让他们感觉好一些。故选B项。
解析
6.What does the phrase underlined in the last paragraph mean
A.Hearing a swear word used by enemies.
B.Avoiding a place to go after death.
C.Getting an extremely pleasant time.
D.Having an unbearable experience.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“That discomfort points you towards creating a plan，a new action.It brings hope.”可推知，此处描述一种不适的、糟糕的经历。结合选项内容可知，画线短语意思应该是“有难以忍受的经历”。故选D项。
解析
7.How does the author develop this article
A.By presenting research findings.
B.By giving directions.
C.By listing authoritative figures.
D.By comparing examples.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中“A recent study from Germany found...”，第四段中“Another experiment，from the University of Kent，found that...”和最后一段中“For example，research from Cornell University found that...”可知，文章呈现了多个研究结果，来表明听悲伤音乐的积极作用。故选A项。
解析
8.Which of the following can be the best title for the article
A.How to Find Pathways Through Heartaches
B.How We React to a Broken Heart Matters a Lot
C.What We Can Do to Overcome Discomfort in Life
D.Why Listening to Sad Music Heals Your Broken Heart
√
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“But research shows there are pathways through the heartache.Listening to sad music is a major one.”可知，文章主要介绍了听悲伤的音乐在治愈心灵创伤中的作用，这些作用包括帮助人们重新感受到生活的快乐和希望，唤起同理心，并激发与他人建立积极联系的欲望等。因此，D项“为什么听悲伤的音乐能治愈你破碎的心”契合文章主旨，可作为最佳标题。故选D项。
解析
The music industry has undergone great changes over the past few decades due to technological advancements. 1
A.They allow people to practice anytime and anywhere.
B.Anyone with an Internet connection can listen to music.
C.They can experience the performance as if they were there in person.
D.Digital technology is playing a role in how music is made and enjoyed.
E.This method has made it easier for people to explore different music.
F.In the past，recording music meant going to a studio and spending money.
G.However，it also raises questions about the role of human creativity in music.
Ⅳ.七选五
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于技术进步，音乐行业发生了巨大变化，并从音乐创作、人工智能对音乐的影响、音乐教育以及虚拟现实在音乐中的应用四个方面进行了阐述。
√
根据上文可知，下文承接上文，要讲述技术进步在音乐产业中起到的作用，D选项“数字技术在音乐的制作和欣赏方式上发挥着作用”符合语境，点明主旨。故选D。
解析
Music Creation Made Easy with Technology
2 Today，artists can create their music from home using software.The digital workstations such as Ableton or Logic Pro allow musicians to record and edit music on their computers，saving both time and money.With these tools，anyone with a computer can make music，whether they’re a professional artist or a beginner.
A.They allow people to practice anytime and anywhere.
B.Anyone with an Internet connection can listen to music.
C.They can experience the performance as if they were there in person.
D.Digital technology is playing a role in how music is made and enjoyed.
E.This method has made it easier for people to explore different music.
F.In the past，recording music meant going to a studio and spending money.
G.However，it also raises questions about the role of human creativity in music.
√
下文讲述了技术进步带来音乐创作方式的改变，F选项“在过去，录制音乐意味着要去录音室并花钱”符合语境，与下文形成对比。故选F。
解析
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Music
Artificial intelligence(AI) is making waves in music creation.It can now help musicians write songs and create tunes and mix tracks.Programs like Amper Music and AIVA assist in composing music to create original pieces.
AI can help artists save time and come up with fresh ideas. 3 Will AI eventually replace musicians，or will it be a helpful tool for them to use
A.They allow people to practice anytime and anywhere.
B.Anyone with an Internet connection can listen to music.
C.They can experience the performance as if they were there in person.
D.Digital technology is playing a role in how music is made and enjoyed.
E.This method has made it easier for people to explore different music.
F.In the past，recording music meant going to a studio and spending money.
G.However，it also raises questions about the role of human creativity in music.
√
根据小标题可知，本段讲人工智能对音乐的影响。结合上文“Artificial intelligence(AI) is making waves in music creation.It can now help musicians...come up with fresh ideas.”可知，人工智能在音乐创作中起积极作用。G选项“然而，它也引发了关于人类创造力在音乐中作用的疑问”承接上文，讲述人工智能在音乐创作领域带来积极影响的同时，也带来了问题，引出下文对这些问题的介绍。故选G。
解析
Music Education Through Technology
Learning music has become easier thanks to technology.Some apps and online platforms provide lessons for beginners and advanced musicians alike.These tools make learning more flexible. 4 Technology also helps teachers create interactive lessons，making music education more fun.
A.They allow people to practice anytime and anywhere.
B.Anyone with an Internet connection can listen to music.
C.They can experience the performance as if they were there in person.
D.Digital technology is playing a role in how music is made and enjoyed.
E.This method has made it easier for people to explore different music.
F.In the past，recording music meant going to a studio and spending money.
G.However，it also raises questions about the role of human creativity in music.
√
根据上文可知，技术的发展让学习音乐变得更容易。下文要讲述这些工具使学习更加灵活的表现，A选项“它们允许人们随时随地练习”符合语境，承接上文，说明这些工具的便利性。故选A。
解析
The Role of Virtual Reality in Music
Virtual reality(VR) is slowly becoming a part of the music world.With VR，fans can attend concerts in virtual spaces. 5 Some artists are even creating VR music videos，offering an immersive(沉浸式的) experience.Although VR is still new to music，it has the potential to completely change how people enjoy live and recorded music in the future.
A.They allow people to practice anytime and anywhere.
B.Anyone with an Internet connection can listen to music.
C.They can experience the performance as if they were there in person.
D.Digital technology is playing a role in how music is made and enjoyed.
E.This method has made it easier for people to explore different music.
F.In the past，recording music meant going to a studio and spending money.
G.However，it also raises questions about the role of human creativity in music.
√
根据上文“With VR，fans can attend concerts in virtual spaces.”可知，有了虚拟现实，粉丝们可以在虚拟空间里参加音乐会。空处要讲述粉丝们参加虚拟音乐会的体验，C选项“他们可以像亲临现场一样体验演出”符合语境，承接上文，说明粉丝们参加虚拟音乐会的感受。故选C。
解析
On March 22，just 10 minutes before a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class 1._______________(schedule) to begin，the lecture hall at Nanchang University was packed with over 100 people.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了南昌大学的陈教授将表演带入赣剧艺术鉴赏课以激发学生们的热情，以及赣剧在江西的历史与发展情况。
was scheduled
Ⅴ.语法填空
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，从句主语a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class与schedule之间为被动关系，故此处使用被动语态；主句谓语动词为“was packed”且有明确的过去时间短语“On March 22”，所以从句也要用一般过去时，从句主语为单数。故填was scheduled。
解析
More students continued to pour in,2. (cause) Chen Li，the professor to give the lecture，to relocate the class to a larger place.Having taught the course for many years，Chen focuses on the history，melodies and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处填非谓语动词，cause与其逻辑主语为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式，构成现在分词短语作结果状语。故填causing。
解析
causing
Chen’s teaching style，which combines traditional lecturing with live performances,3. (set) her class apart.
sets
考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，从句谓语动词“combines”用一般现在时，主句谓语动词也要用一般现在时；此处主语“style”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填sets。
解析
Often dressed in Jiangxi Opera costumes in her class，Chen transforms the classroom into a stage to build 4. (enthusiastic) in her students.Wearig traditional clothes，the students immerse themselves 5. (entire) in the world of Jiangxi Opera.
enthusiasm
4.考查名词。空前“build”为及物动词，此处需填“enthusiastic”的名词形式作宾语。故填enthusiasm。
5.考查副词。此空需修饰动词“immerse”，应使用副词形式。故填entirely。
解析
entirely
“In my class，I urge them 6. (come) to the stage and experience the whole process for themselves，” Chen said.“7. an active advocate of Jiangxi Opera，I need to think more about the future of the art form.”
to come
6.考查非谓语动词。此处考查urge＋宾语＋to do，需填不定式形式作宾补。故填to come。
7.考查介词。根据空格后的“an active advocate”以及句意可知，此处需填介词as表明身份，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填As。
解析
As
Zhou Xiaoli，who once performed in Chen’s class，found her interactive teaching method unique and 8. (engage) and has developed an interest in this art form.“I thought Jiangxi Opera boring and outdated before,9. her class made me love it，” she said.
engaging
8.考查形容词。“unique and ”表明此处需填形容词，结合句意可知，此处表示“迷人的”，应填“engage”的现在分词形式转化的形容词。故填engaging。
9.考查连词。结合句意，分析句子可知，此处需要一个表示转折的并列连词。故填but/yet。
解析
but/yet
Jiangxi Opera has deep historical roots.During the 1950s and 60s，it thrived in Leping City with more than 400 ancient stages，over 20 percent of 10. were well-preserved from the Ming and Qing Dynasties.In 2018，Jiangxi Opera appeared on the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time.
which
考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词stages，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，应用which。故填which。
解析
返 回
本课结束

展开更多......

收起↑