资源简介

八　Unit 2　Period 4
阅读理解
A
Do you know about the differences between American English and British English How did these differences come about There is no quick answer to this question.At first the language in Britain and America was the same.In 1776 America became an independent country.After that the language slowly began to change.For a long time, the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.For example, 300 years ago the English talked about “fall”.Today most British people talk about “autumn”, but Americans still talk about “fall”.
At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages.For example the British took “typhoon” from Chinese, while the Americans took “tornado” from Spanish.
Noah Webster was the most important person in the history of American English.In 1828, Noah Webster published the first American dictionary.He wanted to make American English different from British English.So he changed the spelling of many words.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is almost the same in both British English and American English.
With the economic development, the USA is playing an important part in the world.The differences between American English and British English is much greater in the spoken language.However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了美国英语和英国英语的不同及发展历史。
1.When did America stop being a part of England
A.1707. 　　　　　 B.1828.
C.1776. D.1991.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“In 1776 America became an independent country.”可知。
2.Why is British English different from American English
A.The British decided to change the spelling of many American words.
B.American English changed but British English stayed the same.
C.The Americans and the British took different words from other languages.
D.America is a bigger country.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段可知:美国英语和英国英语都引进了许多外来词。
3.What did Noah Webster do
A.He published the first English dictionary.
B.He changed some English grammar.
C.He improved the written English.
D.He changed the spelling of many words.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知。
4.What can we infer from the passage
A.American English and British English will always stay the same.
B.In the future American English will change but British English not.
C.British English will change later but American English will not.
D.British English and American English will continue to change in the future.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章主要说明了美国英语和英国英语的分化及发展,可推断它们在未来将继续改变。
B
(2022· 临沂高一检测)
　　Americans use many expressions with the word “dog”.People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well.They take their dogs for walks,let them play outside and give them good food and medical care.However,dogs without owners to care for lead a different kind of life.The expression “to lead a dog’s life” describes a person who has an unhappy life.
　　Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world.That means many people are competing for the same things,like good jobs.They say that to be successful,a person has to work like a dog.The hard work can make people dog-tired.And,the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.
　　Still,people say every dog has its day.This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life.To be successful,people often have to learn new skills.Yet,some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks.They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.
　　Husbands and wives use this doghouse term when they are angry with each other.For example,a woman might get angry with her husband for forgetting their wedding anniversary(结婚周年纪念日).She might tell him that he is in the doghouse and treats him badly.However,the husband may decide that it is best to leave things alone and not create more problems.He might decide to let sleeping dogs lie.
　　Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather.The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year.A rainstorm may cool the weather.But we do not want it to rain too hard.We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.
【语篇概述】本文介绍了英语中一些与狗有关的习语。
5.What does the underlined expression “work like a dog” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Become successful.
B.Have an unhealthy life.
C.Compete for the same things.
D.Work very,very hard.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句 to be successful“成功”,以及后一句“The hard work can make people dog-tired.”辛苦的工作会让人疲惫不堪。可知,work like a dog意为“拼命/卖力工作”。故选D。
6.If a man comes home late and makes his wife annoyed,what might his wife say
A.It will rain cats and dogs.
B.Every dog has its day.
C.You lead a dog’s life.
D.You are in the doghouse.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Husbands and wives use this doghouse term when they are angry with each other.”及“She might tell him that he is in the doghouse and treats him badly.”可知,妻子会对丈夫说“You are in the doghouse.”,即她很生气。故选D。
7.Which of the following has the same meaning as “leave things untouched”
A.Become sick as a dog.
B.Teach an old dog new tricks.
C.Let sleeping dogs lie.
D.Make people dog-tired.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句(然而,丈夫可能会决定最好别管任何事情,不要制造更多的问题。他可能会决定不惹麻烦)可知,let sleeping dogs lie的含义是“不要惹是生非”,与leave things untouched意思相同。故选C。
8.What does the text mainly talk about
A.Expressions in American culture.
B.Some expressions with the word “dog”.
C.A good way to learn English well.
D.Dogs’ influence on American culture.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段并结合全文可知,文章主要介绍了英语中一些与狗有关的习语。故选B。
Ⅰ.完形填空
People from Great Britain brought the English language to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries.And in the past 300 years, there have been so many 　1　in both places that now people can easily 　2　an English person from an American in the way he or she talks.
Many old words　3　in England but were kept in America.For example, 300 years ago people in Great Britain got their water from something they 　4　either a “faucet”, “spigot”, or a “tap”.All these words are 　5　 heard in different parts of America, but only “tap” is still 　6　in England.Americans often make up new words or change old ones.“Corn” is one kind of plant in America and 　7　in England.
Also, over the last three centuries the English language has 　8　thousands of new words for things that weren’t 　9　before.And often, American and English people used two different names for them.A tin can is called “tin” for short in England, but a “can”in America.The word “radio”is　10　all over the world, including America.But many English people call it a “wireless”.And almost anything
　11　something to do with cars, railroads, etc.has different 　12　in British English and American English.
But now American English and British English may be　13　closer together.One thing is that British people can hear a large amount of American speech daily in 　14　, on television, or from travelers.Because of this, Americans 　15　to be influencing the British more and more.So some day, English may even be the same on both sides of the Atlantic.
1.A.citizens　　　　　 B.inventions
C.changes D.advances
【解析】选C。背景常识题。从上下文可知,英国和北美两个地方的英语在过去的三百年里发生了很多变化,以至现在人们很容易区分开英国人和美国人。
2.A.pick 　 B.tell 　 C.take 　 D.judge
【解析】选B。固定搭配题。tell...from...把……和……区分开。句意:现在人们能很容易地凭他或她的谈话方式把美国人和英国人区分开。
3.A.disappeared B.stayed
C.returned D.formed
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。此句意思是“很多旧单词在英国已经消失不见了,而在美国却被保留了下来”。
4.A.said B.talked C.spoke D.called
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。something实际上作后面定语从句中谓语动词的宾语,而a “faucet”,“spigot”,or a“tap”亦作该动词的宾语。选项中只有called 后可接双宾语。
5.A.then B.hardly C.clearly D.still
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从上下文看, 所有这些词在美国不同地方还能听到, 因此用still。
6.A.necessary B.native
C.common D.lively
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。现在只有“tap”一词在英国还能经常听人说起。common相当于“often heard”。
7.A.another B.the other
C.none D.something
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。one...another...“……是一回事/ 一种……;……是另外一回事/另一种……”, 两个词经常在一起使用。
8.A.discovered B.added
C.improved D.learned
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。add“增加,添加”。
9.A.accepted B.known
C.introduced D.understood
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。此处指“以前不为人所知的东西”。 accepted被接受的;known 为人所知的; introduced被引入的;understood被理解的。
10.A.produced B.made
C.developed D.used
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。be used “被使用”。
11.A.having B.bringing
C.getting D.making
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。have sth.to do with...“与……有关系”。
12.A.types B.names
C.degrees D.parts
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。同样的东西在英式英语和美式英语中有了两个不同的名字。
13.A.putting B.staying
C.living D.growing
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。growing closer“变得越来越接近”。growing 相当于becoming。
14.A.families B.buses
C.movies D.newspapers
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。由后文的on television, or from travelers可推知此处用movies最合适。
15.A.need B.expect
C.seem D.happen
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。美国人似乎对英国人的影响越来越大了。
Ⅱ.写作
假设你英语学得很好,老师要求你用英语写一篇短文,谈谈学习英语的体会。短文内容要点如下:
简况:学习英语已经有六年多;起初觉得英语难学,大多数音发不好,很多单词拼不准,语法规则记不住;后来在老师和同学的帮助下进步很快,现在学习情况良好。
体会:要用最短的时间获得最大的学习效果,非下功夫不可。
注意:1.标题已给出,不计入总词数;
2.短文内容必须包括所给要点,但不要逐条翻译;
3.词数:80左右。
How to Learn English Well
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
How to Learn English Well
　　I have learned English for over six years.At first I felt it was hard to learn.I couldn’t pronounce most of the words I learned.I often made some spelling mistakes.And I couldn’t remember grammar.But later with the help of my teachers and classmates, I made great progress in English study.Now I am confident about learning it.
From my experience, I think you can learn any foreign language very well as long as you are willing to spend more time.
I always believe nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.五　Unit 2　Period 1
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation(工业化), the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation(全球化)and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150),Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了随着人类社会的发展,很多语言逐渐消失了。
1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times
A.They developed very fast.
B.They were large in number.
C.They had similar patterns.
D.They were closely connected.
2.Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2
A.Complex.　　　　　 B.Advanced.
C.Powerful. D.Modern.
3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present
A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400.
C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200.
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.New languages will be created.
B.People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C.Human development results in fewer languages.
D.Geography determines language evolution.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2022· 青岛高一检测)
　　Anyone who has studied a foreign language knows how difficult it is to become really fluent.　1　
　　Find a conversation partner
　　Try to find someone in your school who is a native speaker and ask him or her to meet with you regularly to have conversations in that language.　2　
　　Watch TV
　　Try to find a foreign language TV station and watch often.At first the actors will seem to speak too quickly,but try to recognize a few words or phrases. 　3　 Pay attention to patterns of pronunciation and the way that the voices rise and fall when questions are asked and statements are made.Children’s shows are great for learning and reviewing basic concepts.
　　Go out and practice
　　If you are visiting a foreign country and trying to learn the language,you’ll want to take every chance to go out and practice. 　4　 Successfully making a purchase(购买)or getting information in a foreign language will help you become more confident.Going grocery shopping in your hometown may not be very interesting,but in a foreign country things are different. 　5　
A.They actually became less fluent speakers.
B.Later it’ll become easier to follow the dialogues.
C.Any situation can be an interesting learning experience.
D.Are you trying to learn a new language in a foreign land
E.Here are some suggestions to help you practice your language skills.
F.Each day make a habit of going to a place like a shop,restaurant or bank.
G.Talking to someone with whom you feel comfortable is a great way to get experience with actual usage.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了在学习外语的过程中,练习语言技巧的几条建议。
阅读理解
Who really knows how old sayings got started As I was researching my latest book set in the 1500s in Scotland,I found some interesting information.
In the 1500s most people in Scotland got married in June because they took their yearly baths in May and still smelled clean for a month.However, in case the “freshness” had disappeared brides(新娘)would carry bouquets of flowers to hide their body odour (体臭).
The yearly bath was taken in a big tub filled with hot water and the first bath was taken by the man of the house.Other men in the house then took their baths in the same water, followed by the women.Babies were the last to be washed and then the water was so dirty that you couldn’t see the bottom of the tub, hence the saying“don’t throw the baby out with the bath water”.Wouldn’t it have made more sense to wash babies first, followed by women and then men who were dirty after working in the fields
Most people lived in a little cottage with a dirt floor while more wealthy people had slate(石板)floors, hence the saying“dirt poor”.The slate floors would get slippery in the winter or wet so they were spread with thresh.When the door was opened the thresh would start slipping outside.So a piece of wood was placed in the entrance way and that is why we call the step into a house the threshold.
In the 1500s in Scotland poor people lived on vegetables.Pork was hard to get, so if guests arrived and saw a slice of bacon(腊肉) hanging up, they would think the host could“bring home the bacon”.The host would cut off some to share with guests and all sat around “chewing the fat”.
【语篇概述】在英语的学习中,谚语是我们经常遇到的,本文介绍了一些谚语的由来,阅读本文了解一下吧。
1.Why did most people get married in June in the 1500s in Scotland
A.Because they still smelled clean by then.
B.Because June was the best time of the year.
C.Because brides could get fresh flowers in June.
D.Because they had to take a bath before marriage.
2.Which of the following was a sign of wealth in the 1500s in Scotland
A.Slates.　　　　 B.Thresh.
C.Vegetables. D.Bacon.
3.What can be used to describe a man who can support his family
A.He is dirt poor.
B.He is chewing the fat.
C.He could bring home the bacon.
D.He throws the baby out with the bath water.
4.The author writes the passage mainly to　　　.
A.tell some interesting stories
B.introduce some old traditions
C.give the meanings of some old sayings
D.explain how some old sayings came into being八　Unit 2　Period 4
阅读理解
A
Do you know about the differences between American English and British English How did these differences come about There is no quick answer to this question.At first the language in Britain and America was the same.In 1776 America became an independent country.After that the language slowly began to change.For a long time, the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.For example, 300 years ago the English talked about “fall”.Today most British people talk about “autumn”, but Americans still talk about “fall”.
At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages.For example the British took “typhoon” from Chinese, while the Americans took “tornado” from Spanish.
Noah Webster was the most important person in the history of American English.In 1828, Noah Webster published the first American dictionary.He wanted to make American English different from British English.So he changed the spelling of many words.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is almost the same in both British English and American English.
With the economic development, the USA is playing an important part in the world.The differences between American English and British English is much greater in the spoken language.However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了美国英语和英国英语的不同及发展历史。
1.When did America stop being a part of England
A.1707. 　　　　　 B.1828.
C.1776. D.1991.
2.Why is British English different from American English
A.The British decided to change the spelling of many American words.
B.American English changed but British English stayed the same.
C.The Americans and the British took different words from other languages.
D.America is a bigger country.
3.What did Noah Webster do
A.He published the first English dictionary.
B.He changed some English grammar.
C.He improved the written English.
D.He changed the spelling of many words.
4.What can we infer from the passage
A.American English and British English will always stay the same.
B.In the future American English will change but British English not.
C.British English will change later but American English will not.
D.British English and American English will continue to change in the future.
B
(2022· 临沂高一检测)
　　Americans use many expressions with the word “dog”.People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well.They take their dogs for walks,let them play outside and give them good food and medical care.However,dogs without owners to care for lead a different kind of life.The expression “to lead a dog’s life” describes a person who has an unhappy life.
　　Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world.That means many people are competing for the same things,like good jobs.They say that to be successful,a person has to work like a dog.The hard work can make people dog-tired.And,the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.
　　Still,people say every dog has its day.This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life.To be successful,people often have to learn new skills.Yet,some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks.They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.
　　Husbands and wives use this doghouse term when they are angry with each other.For example,a woman might get angry with her husband for forgetting their wedding anniversary(结婚周年纪念日).She might tell him that he is in the doghouse and treats him badly.However,the husband may decide that it is best to leave things alone and not create more problems.He might decide to let sleeping dogs lie.
　　Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather.The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year.A rainstorm may cool the weather.But we do not want it to rain too hard.We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.
【语篇概述】本文介绍了英语中一些与狗有关的习语。
5.What does the underlined expression “work like a dog” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Become successful.
B.Have an unhealthy life.
C.Compete for the same things.
D.Work very,very hard.
6.If a man comes home late and makes his wife annoyed,what might his wife say
A.It will rain cats and dogs.
B.Every dog has its day.
C.You lead a dog’s life.
D.You are in the doghouse.
7.Which of the following has the same meaning as “leave things untouched”
A.Become sick as a dog.
B.Teach an old dog new tricks.
C.Let sleeping dogs lie.
D.Make people dog-tired.
8.What does the text mainly talk about
A.Expressions in American culture.
B.Some expressions with the word “dog”.
C.A good way to learn English well.
D.Dogs’ influence on American culture.
Ⅰ.完形填空
People from Great Britain brought the English language to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries.And in the past 300 years, there have been so many 　1　in both places that now people can easily 　2　an English person from an American in the way he or she talks.
Many old words　3　in England but were kept in America.For example, 300 years ago people in Great Britain got their water from something they 　4　either a “faucet”, “spigot”, or a “tap”.All these words are 　5　 heard in different parts of America, but only “tap” is still 　6　in England.Americans often make up new words or change old ones.“Corn” is one kind of plant in America and 　7　in England.
Also, over the last three centuries the English language has 　8　thousands of new words for things that weren’t 　9　before.And often, American and English people used two different names for them.A tin can is called “tin” for short in England, but a “can”in America.The word “radio”is　10　all over the world, including America.But many English people call it a “wireless”.And almost anything
　11　something to do with cars, railroads, etc.has different 　12　in British English and American English.
But now American English and British English may be　13　closer together.One thing is that British people can hear a large amount of American speech daily in 　14　, on television, or from travelers.Because of this, Americans 　15　to be influencing the British more and more.So some day, English may even be the same on both sides of the Atlantic.
1.A.citizens　　　　　 B.inventions
C.changes D.advances
2.A.pick 　 B.tell 　 C.take 　 D.judge
3.A.disappeared B.stayed
C.returned D.formed
4.A.said B.talked C.spoke D.called
5.A.then B.hardly C.clearly D.still
6.A.necessary B.native
C.common D.lively
7.A.another B.the other
C.none D.something
8.A.discovered B.added
C.improved D.learned
9.A.accepted B.known
C.introduced D.understood
10.A.produced B.made
C.developed D.used
11.A.having B.bringing
C.getting D.making
12.A.types B.names
C.degrees D.parts
13.A.putting B.staying
C.living D.growing
14.A.families B.buses
C.movies D.newspapers
15.A.need B.expect
C.seem D.happen
Ⅱ.写作
假设你英语学得很好,老师要求你用英语写一篇短文,谈谈学习英语的体会。短文内容要点如下:
简况:学习英语已经有六年多;起初觉得英语难学,大多数音发不好,很多单词拼不准,语法规则记不住;后来在老师和同学的帮助下进步很快,现在学习情况良好。
体会:要用最短的时间获得最大的学习效果,非下功夫不可。
注意:1.标题已给出,不计入总词数;
2.短文内容必须包括所给要点,但不要逐条翻译;
3.词数:80左右。
How to Learn English Well
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六　Unit 2　Period 2
阅读理解
A
When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English.Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly.People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.
My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well.When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she.I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her.One time I had to call her stockbroker(股票经纪人).I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing, “This is Mrs Tan...”
And my mother was standing beside me, whispering loudly, “Why he doesn’t send me check already two weeks late.” And then, in perfect English I said, “I’m getting rather concerned.You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t arrived.”
Then she talked more loudly.“What he wants I come to New York to tell him front of his boss.” And so I turned to the stockbroker again, “I don’t want any more excuse.If I don’t receive the check immediately, I am going to have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week.”
The next week we ended up in New York.While I was sitting there red-faced, my mother, the real Mrs Tan, was shouting to his boss in her broken English.
When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me.But now, I see it differently.To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural.It is my mother tongue.Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom.It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world.
【语篇概述】“我”妈妈的中国式英语使她在商店、银行和饭店受到不公平的待遇,给她的生活带来诸多不便;但在“我”看来,她的英语地道、自然、流畅;这给“我”带来了许多的机会,帮助“我”形成了自己看事情的视角,使得“我”更好地表达了自己的思想,感知了这个世界。
1.Why was the author’s mother poorly served
A.She was unable to speak good English.
B.She was often misunderstood.
C.She was not clearly heard.
D.She was not very polite.
2.What does the author think of her mother’s English now
A.It confuses her.
B.It embarrasses her.
C.It helps her understand the world.
D.It helps her accept rude people.
3.We can infer from the passage that Chinese English　　　.
A.is clear and natural to non-native speakers
B.is vivid and direct to non-native speakers
C.has a very bad reputation in America
D.may bring inconvenience(不方便)in America
B
“How are you” is a nice question.It’s a friendly way that people in the USA greet each other.But “How are you” is also a very unusual question.It’s a question that often doesn’t need an answer.The person who asks “How are you” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the person’s friend isn’t fine.The reason is that “How are you” isn’t really a question and “Fine” isn’t really an answer.They are simply other ways of saying “Hello” or “Hi”.
　　Sometimes, people don’t say exactly what they mean.For example, when someone asks “Do you agree”, the other person might think, “No, I disagree.I think you’re wrong...”But it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure.” It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone.
　　People don’t say exactly what they are thinking when they want to finish talking with other people.For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now.” Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: “Someone’s at the door.” “Something is burning on the stove.” The excuses might be real, or not.Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn’t want to talk any more, but it isn’t polite to say that.The excuse is more polite, and it doesn’t hurt the other person.
　　Whether they are greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, people don’t say exactly what they are thinking.It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it’s part of the game of language.
【语篇概述】在美国无论是互相问候,谈论一个想法,或完成一个谈话,人们不会说他们到底在想什么。这是人们尽量善待对方的重要途径,也是语言游戏的一部分。
4. When a person in America asks “How are you”, he or she wants to hear “ 　　　”
A.How are you.　　　　B.Hello.
C.I don’t know. D.Fine.
5. When a person disagrees with someone, it is polite to say “　　　”
A.You are wrong.I disagree.
B.I’m not sure.
C.I’m sure I disagree.
D.I don’t agree with you.
6.A polite way to finish a talk is to say “　　　”
A.You have to go now.
B.I want to hang up.
C.I have to go now.
D.I don’t want to talk any more.
7.The rule of the game of language is probably 　　　.
A.“Always say what you mean”
B.“Don’t disagree with people.”
C.“Never say exactly what you’re thinking.”
D.“Be polite.”
完形填空
A friend and I had arranged to spend a whole Sunday taking a long walk in the country.We set off on an early train,each carrying a 　1　bag filled with sandwiches,cakes,fruit and bottles of lemonade.I 　2　how two people would be able to finish it all.
Soon we had left behind the smoky air of the city and had reached the country station where our　3　 was to begin.We were 　4　, because the sun was shining and there was a gentle breeze to make it just right for walking.We decided to go on a walk called the Four Mile Square:it has four equal sides, each about four miles in length and on a map looks like a rough square.It is 　5　 because each side passes through a different kind of country.We 　6　 in high spirits along the first side,which 　7　a river,planning to have a swim and our first meal before we left it.Before long,we came to a gate near which there was a 　8　, “Beware of the Bull(公牛)”.We were very 　9　.Our path ran through this field,and,as it was a public footpath,the farmer had no right to put a dangerous animal in it.“Oh, but it’s all right,”my friend said.“This bull is tied e on.”
I followed,because I could see for myself a strong rope 　10　to the ring in its nose at one end and round a large tree at the other.We felt very bold and walked nearer, 　11　a red handkerchief just to show that we weren’t afraid.
The bull began to walk towards us and did not stop.“It 　12　to have a long rope, ” I said,walking more quickly.The bull was also walking more quickly.Then, at the same moment, we both saw that the rope was broken,and without hesitation began to run.
We were halfway across the field but it didn’t take us long to reach the gate again.We jumped over,very much out of 　13　, and looked back to see the bull quietly　14　a bag of food.“That was a clever trick of mine,wasn’t it ” said my friend.“I dropped the food on purpose to 　15　away the bull’s attention.”
“No.”I cried.“It was not clever! I dropped mine accidentally.”
【语篇概述】作者和小伙伴在乡村度过周末,所经历的惊险一幕让人瞠目结舌,你有过这样的经历吗
1.A.small　 B.light
C.heavy　 D.huge
2.A.wondered B.knew
C.doubted D.thought
3.A.destination B.walk
C.adventure D.race
4.A.depressed B.thirsty
C.lucky D.tired
5.A.quiet B.convenient
C.remote D.famous
6.A.started off B.took up
C.ran off D.turned up
7.A.connected B.followed
C.surrounded D.reflected
8.A.guide B.report
C.sentence D.notice
9.A.scared B.excited
C.worried D.ashamed
10.A.tied B.applied
C.contacted D.added
11.A.waving B.wearing
C.folding D.throwing
12.A.fails B.needs
C.seems D.happens
13.A.question B.danger
C.sight D.breath
14.A.weighing B.examining
C.considering D.inspecting
15.A.pay B.give
C.take D.draw七　Unit 2　Period 3
完形填空
There are about fifteen hundred languages in the world.But only a few of them are very 　1　.English is one of these.Many people use it, not only in Britain and the US, but also in other parts of the world.About 200,000,000 people speak it as their own language.It is difficult to say how many people are learning it as a 　2　 language.Many millions are 　3　 to do so.
　　Is it easy or difficult to learn English Different people may have different answers.Have you ever 　4　 the ads of this kind in the newspapers or magazines
“Learn English in six weeks, or your 　5　 back...” “Easy and funny Our records and tapes 　6　 you master your English in a month.From the first day your
　7　 will be excellent.Just send...” Of course, it never 　8　 quite like this.
　　The only language that seems easy to learn is the mother tongue.We should 　9　 that we all learned our own language well when we were children.If we could learn English in the same way, it would not seem so difficult.　10　 what a small child does.He listens to what people say.He tries what he hears.When he is using the language, talking in it, and 　11　 in it all the time, just imagine how much practice that gets!
　　So it is 　12　 to say that learning English is easy.It 　13　 upon lots of practice.And practice needs great effort and 　14　 much time.Good teachers, records, tapes, books, and dictionaries will 　15　.But they cannot do the student’s work for himself.
【语篇概述】英语早已成为世界通用的语言,其重要性不言而喻。那么怎样才能学好英语呢 本文会给你一些启示。
1.A.difficult 　　　　 B.important
C.necessary D.easy
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据下文介绍的英语使用范围广、使用人数多等情况可知,英语这门语言是很重要的。important意为“重要的”,符合语境。
2.A.native B.foreign
C.useful D.mother
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。上文说约有两亿人把英语作为母语使用,此处是说有很多人把英语作为外语来学。as a foreign language 与前句中的as their own language 相对应。
3.A.learning B.hoping
C.trying D.expecting
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。学习外语需要付出努力。此处are trying to do so=are trying to learn English,意为“在努力学习英语”。
4.A.heard B.watched
C.noticed D.known
【解析】选C。背景常识题。由常识可知,报纸或杂志中的广告应是被“注意到”,而不是被“听到”,排除A项;watch“注视,观看”,强调动作;know“了解,认识”。故noticed“注意”符合句意。
5.A.knowledge B.time
C.money D.English
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。此句为广告用语,意为“六周之内学好英语,否则退款”。故选money。
6.A.encourage B.help
C.get D.allow
【解析】选B。固定搭配题。help sb.do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,符合句意。其他三项都需用带to的不定式作补足语。
7.A.experience B.action
C.habit D.pronunciation
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由语境可知,这里说的是英语培训班,所以该处填入的词应和英语学习有关,故选pronunciation“发音”。experience“经历;经验”;action“行动”;habit“习惯”。
8.A.happened B.looked
C.seemed D.felt
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。happen意为“发生”。这里指上面广告中提到的“快速学好英语”这种事情是绝不会发生的。
9.A.appreciate B.remember
C.search D.think
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。我们在儿童时期就学会了母语,这个事实我们现在还记得。remember 意为“记得”;appreciate“欣赏;感激”;search“寻找”;think“思考”。
10.A.Take care of B.Speak of
C.Talk of D.Think of
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。想一想孩子(学习语言的时候)做的什么。think of 意为“想一想”。
11.A.using B.thinking
C.trying D.practicing
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。由前面的talking in it “用这种语言交谈”可知,此处应填thinking,表示“用这种语言思考”。
12.A.hard B.easy
C.funny D.silly
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。由下文可知,掌握一门语言需要语言学习者付出极大的努力,因此很难说学英语是一件容易事。
13.A.depends B.tries
C.has D.takes
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。学好英语要依靠大量练习。depend upon意为“取决于;依赖”,符合句意。
14.A.uses　 B.takes
C.gets　 D.costs
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。练习需要付出极大的努力并要花费大量的时间。表示“做某事花费多长时间”一般用take一词。cost常表示花费多少费用或付出代价等。
15.A.do B.work
C.help D.master
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。好的教师、录音、磁带、书和词典将对学习英语有所帮助,但是起决定作用的还是学生自己。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
English Teacher Needed
We are one of the biggest English Teacher agencies in China, we refer lots of foreign teachers/employees to universities or companies daily.We provide this service to teachers for free.
What you need to do is log on our website www..cn and register, we will put your resume(简历) on Chinese website except contact details.There are thousands of potential clients who will view your information daily, once they choose you we will contact(联系) with you.For any more details you also can send email to admin@.cn.
Part-time English Tutor Wanted
We are looking for a part-time English teacher. The teacher should come from USA, Canada, UK, New Zealand or Australia.We would like to have 2 lessons a week, 2 hours each lesson.
Please send me your resume with photo if you are interested, email: admin@.cn.
Private English Tutor Wanted
Senior Chinese manager is looking for a one-on-one English tutor for several hours per week.He would like to learn British pronunciation, so UK nationals will be preferred.Tutors should be fairly flexible to suit his busy schedule and be of professional appearance.Pay is to be discussed directly and will be very high for the right candidate.Teaching experience is not a must.
If interested, please send an email with your background information, pay expectations and a recent picture to dhanyatk@.
CALLING—Teacher/Librarian!
We are a small Kindergarten to Grade 6 international school in Beijing.We need a teacher/librarian.The teacher we are looking for will: Be a Chinese/English speaking librarian.
Qualifications
Be self-starters, active team players.
Have a positive attitude and love to work with kids.
Provide an exciting and innovative library program to students.
If you meet the above qualifications, please send your CV and a current picture to principalinchina@yahoo.ca.
【语篇概述】本文是四则教师招聘广告。有兴趣的不妨来读一读。
1.The purpose of the advertisements is　　　.
A.to start a business
B.to employ English teachers
C.to provide the latest jobs
D.to help people find a suitable job
【解析】选B。写作意图题。文章是四则教师招聘广告。第一则是招聘英语教师;第二则是招聘英语兼职老师;第三则是招聘英语私人教师;第四则是幼儿园招聘汉语或英语老师及图书管理员,故选B。
2.According to the first advertisement, we can learn that　　　.
A.English Teacher agency charges teachers for this service
B.you must go online to offer your basic information first
C.you may call to get more information about the job
D.once you choose English Teacher agency, you will get a job
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一则广告中第二段第一句What you need to do is log on our website www.language .cn and register, we will put your resume on Chinese website except contact details.可知。
3.In the third advertisement, the private English tutor should　　　.
A.be an English language expert from UK
B.speak American English
C.have rich teaching experience
D.have the ability to deal with changing situations
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据该广告中Tutors should be fairly flexible to suit his busy schedule and be of professional appearance.可知,所聘教师必须有会安排、运用时间,灵活处事的能力。
4.The underlined word “CALLING”in the fourth advertisement most means　　　.
A.job or profession　　　　 B.wish
C.interest D.chance
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据其后“—Teacher/Librarian! ”和后面文中内容可知该广告是招聘教师及图书管理员,故选A。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Last year my English class was difficult.1.　　　　　(one) of all, it wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked.To begin with, she spoke too quickly, and I couldn’t understand every word.2.　　　　　 (late) on, I realized that it doesn’t matter 3.　　　　　 you don’t understand every word.I was also afraid to speak in class, because I 4.　　　　　 (think) my classmates might laugh at me.I couldn’t always make complete sentences, either.Then I started to watch English TV.It helped a lot.I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the 5.　　　　　 (secret) of becoming a good language 6.　　　　　 (learn).Another thing that I found very 7.　　　　　 (difficulty) was English grammar.8.　　　　　 I decided to take lots of grammar notes in every class.Then I started to write my own original sentences using the grammar I was learning. It’s 9.　　　　　 (amaze) how much this helped.Now I am enjoying English 10.　　　　　 I get an A this term.My teacher is very impressed.
【语篇概述】这篇文章讲述了作者在英语学习上遇到了困难,后来通过改进学习方法,例如多做听力练习,看英语节目,做英语语法笔记等,英语成绩得到了很大提高。
1.【解析】First。句意:首先,明白老师讲的话对我不那么容易。短语first of all首先。
2.【解析】Later。句意:后来,我意识到如果你不理解每个单词是没有关系的。later on后来。
3.【解析】if。句意:如果你不理解每个单词是没有关系的。此处表示假设。
4.【解析】thought。句意:我也害怕在班上说话,因为我认为同学们会笑话我。这里描述的是过去的事情,所以动词think要用过去式thought。
5.【解析】secrets。句意:我认为做很多听力练习是成为一个好的语言学习者的秘密之一。secret秘密,可数名词;前面有one of……之一,所以要用复数形式secrets。
6.【解析】learner。句意:我认为做很多听力练习是成为一个好的语言学习者的秘密之一。learner学习者,名词。
7.【解析】difficult。句意:我发现的另外一个非常困难的事情是英语语法。此处修饰thing,故用形容词。
8.【解析】So。句意:所以我决定每节课记很多的语法笔记。此处表示结果。
9.【解析】amazing。句意:这对我的帮助真是让人惊讶。此处需要形容词。
10.【解析】and。句意:现在我喜欢学英语而且这个学期得了A。and表示并列。七　Unit 2　Period 3
完形填空
There are about fifteen hundred languages in the world.But only a few of them are very 　1　.English is one of these.Many people use it, not only in Britain and the US, but also in other parts of the world.About 200,000,000 people speak it as their own language.It is difficult to say how many people are learning it as a 　2　 language.Many millions are 　3　 to do so.
　　Is it easy or difficult to learn English Different people may have different answers.Have you ever 　4　 the ads of this kind in the newspapers or magazines
“Learn English in six weeks, or your 　5　 back...” “Easy and funny Our records and tapes 　6　 you master your English in a month.From the first day your
　7　 will be excellent.Just send...” Of course, it never 　8　 quite like this.
　　The only language that seems easy to learn is the mother tongue.We should 　9　 that we all learned our own language well when we were children.If we could learn English in the same way, it would not seem so difficult.　10　 what a small child does.He listens to what people say.He tries what he hears.When he is using the language, talking in it, and 　11　 in it all the time, just imagine how much practice that gets!
　　So it is 　12　 to say that learning English is easy.It 　13　 upon lots of practice.And practice needs great effort and 　14　 much time.Good teachers, records, tapes, books, and dictionaries will 　15　.But they cannot do the student’s work for himself.
【语篇概述】英语早已成为世界通用的语言,其重要性不言而喻。那么怎样才能学好英语呢 本文会给你一些启示。
1.A.difficult 　　　　 B.important
C.necessary D.easy
2.A.native B.foreign
C.useful D.mother
3.A.learning B.hoping
C.trying D.expecting
4.A.heard B.watched
C.noticed D.known
5.A.knowledge B.time
C.money D.English
6.A.encourage B.help
C.get D.allow
7.A.experience B.action
C.habit D.pronunciation
8.A.happened B.looked
C.seemed D.felt
9.A.appreciate B.remember
C.search D.think
10.A.Take care of B.Speak of
C.Talk of D.Think of
11.A.using B.thinking
C.trying D.practicing
12.A.hard B.easy
C.funny D.silly
13.A.depends B.tries
C.has D.takes
14.A.uses　 B.takes
C.gets　 D.costs
15.A.do B.work
C.help D.master
Ⅰ.阅读理解
English Teacher Needed
We are one of the biggest English Teacher agencies in China, we refer lots of foreign teachers/employees to universities or companies daily.We provide this service to teachers for free.
What you need to do is log on our website www..cn and register, we will put your resume(简历) on Chinese website except contact details.There are thousands of potential clients who will view your information daily, once they choose you we will contact(联系) with you.For any more details you also can send email to admin@.cn.
Part-time English Tutor Wanted
We are looking for a part-time English teacher. The teacher should come from USA, Canada, UK, New Zealand or Australia.We would like to have 2 lessons a week, 2 hours each lesson.
Please send me your resume with photo if you are interested, email: admin@.cn.
Private English Tutor Wanted
Senior Chinese manager is looking for a one-on-one English tutor for several hours per week.He would like to learn British pronunciation, so UK nationals will be preferred.Tutors should be fairly flexible to suit his busy schedule and be of professional appearance.Pay is to be discussed directly and will be very high for the right candidate.Teaching experience is not a must.
If interested, please send an email with your background information, pay expectations and a recent picture to dhanyatk@.
CALLING—Teacher/Librarian!
We are a small Kindergarten to Grade 6 international school in Beijing.We need a teacher/librarian.The teacher we are looking for will: Be a Chinese/English speaking librarian.
Qualifications
Be self-starters, active team players.
Have a positive attitude and love to work with kids.
Provide an exciting and innovative library program to students.
If you meet the above qualifications, please send your CV and a current picture to principalinchina@yahoo.ca.
【语篇概述】本文是四则教师招聘广告。有兴趣的不妨来读一读。
1.The purpose of the advertisements is　　　.
A.to start a business
B.to employ English teachers
C.to provide the latest jobs
D.to help people find a suitable job
2.According to the first advertisement, we can learn that　　　.
A.English Teacher agency charges teachers for this service
B.you must go online to offer your basic information first
C.you may call to get more information about the job
D.once you choose English Teacher agency, you will get a job
3.In the third advertisement, the private English tutor should　　　.
A.be an English language expert from UK
B.speak American English
C.have rich teaching experience
D.have the ability to deal with changing situations
4.The underlined word “CALLING”in the fourth advertisement most means　　　.
A.job or profession　　　　 B.wish
C.interest D.chance
Ⅱ.语法填空
Last year my English class was difficult.1.　　　　　(one) of all, it wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked.To begin with, she spoke too quickly, and I couldn’t understand every word.2.　　　　　 (late) on, I realized that it doesn’t matter 3.　　　　　 you don’t understand every word.I was also afraid to speak in class, because I 4.　　　　　 (think) my classmates might laugh at me.I couldn’t always make complete sentences, either.Then I started to watch English TV.It helped a lot.I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the 5.　　　　　 (secret) of becoming a good language 6.　　　　　 (learn).Another thing that I found very 7.　　　　　 (difficulty) was English grammar.8.　　　　　 I decided to take lots of grammar notes in every class.Then I started to write my own original sentences using the grammar I was learning. It’s 9.　　　　　 (amaze) how much this helped.Now I am enjoying English 10.　　　　　 I get an A this term.My teacher is very impressed.
【语篇概述】这篇文章讲述了作者在英语学习上遇到了困难,后来通过改进学习方法,例如多做听力练习,看英语节目,做英语语法笔记等,英语成绩得到了很大提高。六　Unit 2　Period 2
阅读理解
A
When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English.Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly.People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.
My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well.When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she.I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her.One time I had to call her stockbroker(股票经纪人).I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing, “This is Mrs Tan...”
And my mother was standing beside me, whispering loudly, “Why he doesn’t send me check already two weeks late.” And then, in perfect English I said, “I’m getting rather concerned.You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t arrived.”
Then she talked more loudly.“What he wants I come to New York to tell him front of his boss.” And so I turned to the stockbroker again, “I don’t want any more excuse.If I don’t receive the check immediately, I am going to have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week.”
The next week we ended up in New York.While I was sitting there red-faced, my mother, the real Mrs Tan, was shouting to his boss in her broken English.
When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me.But now, I see it differently.To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural.It is my mother tongue.Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom.It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world.
【语篇概述】“我”妈妈的中国式英语使她在商店、银行和饭店受到不公平的待遇,给她的生活带来诸多不便;但在“我”看来,她的英语地道、自然、流畅;这给“我”带来了许多的机会,帮助“我”形成了自己看事情的视角,使得“我”更好地表达了自己的思想,感知了这个世界。
1.Why was the author’s mother poorly served
A.She was unable to speak good English.
B.She was often misunderstood.
C.She was not clearly heard.
D.She was not very polite.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Because of her English,...or even acted as if they did not hear her.”可知。
2.What does the author think of her mother’s English now
A.It confuses her.
B.It embarrasses her.
C.It helps her understand the world.
D.It helps her accept rude people.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things,expressed ideas, and made sense of the world.”可知。
3.We can infer from the passage that Chinese English　　　.
A.is clear and natural to non-native speakers
B.is vivid and direct to non-native speakers
C.has a very bad reputation in America
D.may bring inconvenience(不方便)in America
【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章第一段告诉我们:“我”妈妈的中国式英语使她在商店、银行和饭店受到不公平的待遇,给她的生活带来不便。
B
“How are you” is a nice question.It’s a friendly way that people in the USA greet each other.But “How are you” is also a very unusual question.It’s a question that often doesn’t need an answer.The person who asks “How are you” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the person’s friend isn’t fine.The reason is that “How are you” isn’t really a question and “Fine” isn’t really an answer.They are simply other ways of saying “Hello” or “Hi”.
　　Sometimes, people don’t say exactly what they mean.For example, when someone asks “Do you agree”, the other person might think, “No, I disagree.I think you’re wrong...”But it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure.” It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone.
　　People don’t say exactly what they are thinking when they want to finish talking with other people.For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now.” Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: “Someone’s at the door.” “Something is burning on the stove.” The excuses might be real, or not.Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn’t want to talk any more, but it isn’t polite to say that.The excuse is more polite, and it doesn’t hurt the other person.
　　Whether they are greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, people don’t say exactly what they are thinking.It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it’s part of the game of language.
【语篇概述】在美国无论是互相问候,谈论一个想法,或完成一个谈话,人们不会说他们到底在想什么。这是人们尽量善待对方的重要途径,也是语言游戏的一部分。
4. When a person in America asks “How are you”, he or she wants to hear “ 　　　”
A.How are you.　　　　B.Hello.
C.I don’t know. D.Fine.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中The person who asks “How are you” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the person’s friend isn’t fine.可知选D。
5. When a person disagrees with someone, it is polite to say “　　　”
A.You are wrong.I disagree.
B.I’m not sure.
C.I’m sure I disagree.
D.I don’t agree with you.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段末so the other person might say “I’m not sure.” It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone.可知选B。
6.A polite way to finish a talk is to say “　　　”
A.You have to go now.
B.I want to hang up.
C.I have to go now.
D.I don’t want to talk any more.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now.”可知选C。
7.The rule of the game of language is probably 　　　.
A.“Always say what you mean”
B.“Don’t disagree with people.”
C.“Never say exactly what you’re thinking.”
D.“Be polite.”
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据短文最后It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it’s part of the game of language.可知选D。
完形填空
A friend and I had arranged to spend a whole Sunday taking a long walk in the country.We set off on an early train,each carrying a 　1　bag filled with sandwiches,cakes,fruit and bottles of lemonade.I 　2　how two people would be able to finish it all.
Soon we had left behind the smoky air of the city and had reached the country station where our　3　 was to begin.We were 　4　, because the sun was shining and there was a gentle breeze to make it just right for walking.We decided to go on a walk called the Four Mile Square:it has four equal sides, each about four miles in length and on a map looks like a rough square.It is 　5　 because each side passes through a different kind of country.We 　6　 in high spirits along the first side,which 　7　a river,planning to have a swim and our first meal before we left it.Before long,we came to a gate near which there was a 　8　, “Beware of the Bull(公牛)”.We were very 　9　.Our path ran through this field,and,as it was a public footpath,the farmer had no right to put a dangerous animal in it.“Oh, but it’s all right,”my friend said.“This bull is tied e on.”
I followed,because I could see for myself a strong rope 　10　to the ring in its nose at one end and round a large tree at the other.We felt very bold and walked nearer, 　11　a red handkerchief just to show that we weren’t afraid.
The bull began to walk towards us and did not stop.“It 　12　to have a long rope, ” I said,walking more quickly.The bull was also walking more quickly.Then, at the same moment, we both saw that the rope was broken,and without hesitation began to run.
We were halfway across the field but it didn’t take us long to reach the gate again.We jumped over,very much out of 　13　, and looked back to see the bull quietly　14　a bag of food.“That was a clever trick of mine,wasn’t it ” said my friend.“I dropped the food on purpose to 　15　away the bull’s attention.”
“No.”I cried.“It was not clever! I dropped mine accidentally.”
【语篇概述】作者和小伙伴在乡村度过周末,所经历的惊险一幕让人瞠目结舌,你有过这样的经历吗
1.A.small　 B.light
C.heavy　 D.huge
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。由包里的东西“sandwiches,cakes,fruit and bottles of lemonade”以及“I　　how two people would be able to finish it all.”可知,他们的包很沉。故用heavy“重的,沉重的”。
2.A.wondered B.knew
C.doubted D.thought
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。I wonder+从句表示“我不知道……”,和语境相符。
3.A.destination B.walk
C.adventure D.race
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据文章第一段的“taking a long walk in the country”可知,此处用B项。
4.A.depressed B.thirsty
C.lucky D.tired
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。由“the sun was shining and there was a gentle breeze to make it just right for walking”可知,这天很适合散步。故说明“我们”很幸运(lucky)。
5.A.quiet B.convenient
C.remote D.famous
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由“each side passes through a different kind of country”并结合选项可以推出,这个地方非常出名。
6.A.started off B.took up
C.ran off D.turned up
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。由常识可知,“我们”选定了要步行的地方,当然接下来“我们”要开始行动了。start off“出发,开始”;take up“拿起;从事”,是及物动词词组;run off“逃跑,流掉”;turn up“出现,露面”。
7.A.connected B.followed
C.surrounded D.reflected
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。“我们”先走的这一边同一条河并行,所以“我们”打算游泳。connect“连接”;follow“追随,沿……而行”;surround“包围,环绕”;reflect“反射,反映”。
8.A.guide B.report
C.sentence D.notice
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。由下文的Beware of the Bull可知,这是一则通知(notice)。
9.A.scared B.excited
C.worried D.ashamed
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。看到“小心公牛”的通知,“我们”当然是很担心的(worried)。
10.A.tied B.applied
C.contacted D.added
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。由常识可以知道,牛的鼻子上穿上一个环,然后把绳子系(tie)在这个环上。
11.A.waving B.wearing
C.folding D.throwing
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。上文说过牛被拴在了树上,所以“我们”很大胆,对着牛挥舞(wave)红手绢。
12.A.fails B.needs
C.seems D.happens
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。上文说到牛是被拴到树上的,所以当“我们”看到牛向“我们”走来,并且不停,“我们”认为这牛的缰绳好像(seem)很长。
13.A.question B.danger
C.sight D.breath
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由常识可知,“我们”被公牛追赶,当然是被追得上气不接下气(out of breath)。
14.A.weighing B.examining
C.considering D.inspecting
【解析】选B。背景常识题。weigh“称……的重量”;examine“仔细检查,调查”;consider“考虑,认为”;inspect“视察”。“我们”回头看到公牛在静静地检查着一包食物。由常识可知,是用examine,而不能是其他三项。
15.A.pay B.give
C.take D.draw
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。draw away sb.’s attention“引开某人的注意力”,是固定短语。五　Unit 2　Period 1
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation(工业化), the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation(全球化)and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150),Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了随着人类社会的发展,很多语言逐渐消失了。
1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times
A.They developed very fast.
B.They were large in number.
C.They had similar patterns.
D.They were closely connected.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段中的When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers...they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知,在狩猎时代虽然人口很少,但语言种类很多。
2.Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2
A.Complex.　　　　　 B.Advanced.
C.Powerful. D.Modern.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的increasingly taking over,意为“越来越占据统治地位”,可知dominant意为“占优势的,占支配地位的”,与C项同义。
3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present
A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400.
C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.以及第四段第一句中的the total of 6,800 languages可知答案为B。
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.New languages will be created.
B.People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C.Human development results in fewer languages.
D.Geography determines language evolution.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述随着人类社会的发展,语言的种类越来越少,故C项为正确答案。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2022· 青岛高一检测)
　　Anyone who has studied a foreign language knows how difficult it is to become really fluent.　1　
　　Find a conversation partner
　　Try to find someone in your school who is a native speaker and ask him or her to meet with you regularly to have conversations in that language.　2　
　　Watch TV
　　Try to find a foreign language TV station and watch often.At first the actors will seem to speak too quickly,but try to recognize a few words or phrases. 　3　 Pay attention to patterns of pronunciation and the way that the voices rise and fall when questions are asked and statements are made.Children’s shows are great for learning and reviewing basic concepts.
　　Go out and practice
　　If you are visiting a foreign country and trying to learn the language,you’ll want to take every chance to go out and practice. 　4　 Successfully making a purchase(购买)or getting information in a foreign language will help you become more confident.Going grocery shopping in your hometown may not be very interesting,but in a foreign country things are different. 　5　
A.They actually became less fluent speakers.
B.Later it’ll become easier to follow the dialogues.
C.Any situation can be an interesting learning experience.
D.Are you trying to learn a new language in a foreign land
E.Here are some suggestions to help you practice your language skills.
F.Each day make a habit of going to a place like a shop,restaurant or bank.
G.Talking to someone with whom you feel comfortable is a great way to get experience with actual usage.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了在学习外语的过程中,练习语言技巧的几条建议。
1.【解析】选E。根据后文的标题可知本文是给学习外语者语言学习的建议。所以E.(这里有一些建议可以帮助你练习语言技能。)符合逻辑关系,故选E。
2.【解析】选G。根据前文“试着在你的学校里找一个说母语的人,让他或她定期和你见面,用那种语言交谈。”和本段标题Find a conversation partner(寻找对话伙伴)可知,本段讲的是和人进行交谈,所以G.(与你感到舒适的人交谈是获得实际使用经验的一个好方法。)符合语境,故选G。
3.【解析】选B。根据前文“开始,演员们似乎说得太快,但要试着辨认出几个单词或短语。”可知此处是教给读者如何听懂对方的话,所以B.(以后,听懂对话会变得更容易。)符合语境,故选B。
4.【解析】选F。根据前文“如果你正在国外访问并试图学习这门语言,你会想抓住每一个机会出去练习。”可知,后文叙述的是要抓住每一次练习语言的机会,所以F.(每天养成去商店、餐馆或银行之类的地方的习惯。)符合语境,故选F。
5.【解析】选C。根据前文“在你的家乡去杂货店购物可能不是很有趣,但在国外情况就不同了。”国外购物的情况不同,与后文的C.(任何情况都可能是一次有趣的学习经历。)语境相符,故选C。
阅读理解
Who really knows how old sayings got started As I was researching my latest book set in the 1500s in Scotland,I found some interesting information.
In the 1500s most people in Scotland got married in June because they took their yearly baths in May and still smelled clean for a month.However, in case the “freshness” had disappeared brides(新娘)would carry bouquets of flowers to hide their body odour (体臭).
The yearly bath was taken in a big tub filled with hot water and the first bath was taken by the man of the house.Other men in the house then took their baths in the same water, followed by the women.Babies were the last to be washed and then the water was so dirty that you couldn’t see the bottom of the tub, hence the saying“don’t throw the baby out with the bath water”.Wouldn’t it have made more sense to wash babies first, followed by women and then men who were dirty after working in the fields
Most people lived in a little cottage with a dirt floor while more wealthy people had slate(石板)floors, hence the saying“dirt poor”.The slate floors would get slippery in the winter or wet so they were spread with thresh.When the door was opened the thresh would start slipping outside.So a piece of wood was placed in the entrance way and that is why we call the step into a house the threshold.
In the 1500s in Scotland poor people lived on vegetables.Pork was hard to get, so if guests arrived and saw a slice of bacon(腊肉) hanging up, they would think the host could“bring home the bacon”.The host would cut off some to share with guests and all sat around “chewing the fat”.
【语篇概述】在英语的学习中,谚语是我们经常遇到的,本文介绍了一些谚语的由来,阅读本文了解一下吧。
1.Why did most people get married in June in the 1500s in Scotland
A.Because they still smelled clean by then.
B.Because June was the best time of the year.
C.Because brides could get fresh flowers in June.
D.Because they had to take a bath before marriage.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知,在16世纪,苏格兰人一般在五月份洗澡,在之后的一个月内仍能保持清新的体香,所以人们大都选择在六月份结婚。
2.Which of the following was a sign of wealth in the 1500s in Scotland
A.Slates.　　　　 B.Thresh.
C.Vegetables. D.Bacon.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知,在16世纪的苏格兰,普通人吃不起肉,而拥有一片腊肉就是财富的象征。
3.What can be used to describe a man who can support his family
A.He is dirt poor.
B.He is chewing the fat.
C.He could bring home the bacon.
D.He throws the baby out with the bath water.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可以推测出“bring home the bacon”可用来形容一个人有能力养家糊口。根据文章内容也可排除其他选项;don’t throw the baby out with the bath water意为“不要因小失大”;dirt poor意为“很穷”;chew the fat意为“聊天”。
4.The author writes the passage mainly to　　　.
A.tell some interesting stories
B.introduce some old traditions
C.give the meanings of some old sayings
D.explain how some old sayings came into being
【解析】选D。写作意图题。根据文章第一句以及后面几段所讲的几个谚语的来历可知,本文主要告诉我们几句谚语的由来。
【素养培优】
Read the passage in Part Ⅰ and try your best to retell the story.
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.Already over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages in the world are close to extinction.It is a worrying problem, which makes our language world lose its diversity.

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