资源简介

(共51张PPT)
对口高考一轮复习
名词性从句之
宾语从句
祁阳市职业中等专业学校
真题回顾
(2023’29) --- I’m worried ________ I can enter a good university or not.
--- Work hard and trust in yourself.
A. why B. which C. whether D. where
1
宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合
句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成
的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的
一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在
全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语句
当中的从句在全句中作宾语。
了解宾语从句
I know him .
2. I know that he is Jackie Chan.
主语
谓语
宾语
（简单句）
主语
谓语
宾 语 从 句
连词
从句主语
从句系动词
主 句
（复合句）
从句表语
宾语从句的概念：
句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、 动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时，我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。
句子结构：
主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句
宾语从句三要素
引导词（连接词）
语 序（陈述句）
时 态（相应时态）
考点一 宾语从句的引导词
由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
由疑问代词 who,whom,whose,which，
what 和疑问副词 where, when, why,how
引导的宾语从句
由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句
（一）由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
Ex:
I hear ______ he will be back in an hour.
2. He said ______ he missed us very much.
3. I am sure ______ he will succeed.
注：陈述句用that引导。that起连接的作用，在从句中没有实在的意义，也不充当任何成分。在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
◆ He said _______he wanted to stay at home.
◆ She doesn’t know _______she is seriously ill.
that
that
that
that
that
（二）1. 由疑问代词who, whom, whose, what, which和疑问副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些疑问代词和疑问副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如：
Do you know ___________they are waiting for
He asked ________handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me ________the bus stop is
Would you tell me ______the train is late.
who /whom
whose
where
why
① 当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget,
remember, decide等从句可以简化成
“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如：
I don't know which sweater I should buy .
→I don't know _______________________.
2. 宾语从句的转化
which sweater to buy
② 当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”, 如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the park
→Could you tell me _____________ the park
how to get to
Ex: ① Could you tell me _______I can get to the station 你能告诉我该怎么去车站吗
= Could you tell me _____________ to the station
② I don’t know_________ we will hold the sports meeting. 我不知道何时举行运动会。
= I don’t know _______________ the sports meeting.
how
how to get
when
when to hold
注意事项：
1.that 和what 的选用
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。
但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名
词性从句中充当_______、_______或
_______。而that在名词性从句中_______
任何成分，只起________作用。
主 语
宾 语
表 语
不充当
连 接
that / what？
1.______ he wants is a book.
2.The result is ______ we won the game.
3.This is _____ we want to know.
4.Is _____ he told us true
5.We should pay attention to ______ the
teacher is saying.
6. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.
What
that
what
what
what
what
2. 如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用that
① She says _______ she will leave a
message on his desk .
② He said ________ he was going to take care of the child .
③ He asks _____________ I like playing the piano .
④ You may ask the man over there______ you can get to the bus station .
that
that
if/whether
how
（三）由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句。
在句中的意思是_________。例如：
I want to know ___________he lives there.
He asked me __________I could help him.
Ex:
I want to know ____________he will go to the park with us.
2. Ask him ____________he can come
3. I don’t know _________it is going to rain or not.
if /whether
if/whether
if /whether
if /whether
whether
是 否
注意以下情况只用whether，不用if。
1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。如：
( ) Let me know whether you can come or not.
( ) Let me know if you can come or not.
2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如：
( ) Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell.
( ) If it is true or not, I can’t tell.
T
T
F
F
3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。
( ) I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.
( ) I don’t know if to accept or refuse.
4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：
( ) I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
( ) I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
T
T
F
F
课堂检测：
1.There’s a red car parking in our neighborhood. Do you know________ it is
A . what B . who C. whose D .whom
2.I’m wondering _______ Liu Xiang will have time to ______ the meeting.
A. whether, attend B. that, attend
C. whether, appear D. that, appear
3.—Can you tell me_______ it is from here to the Summer Palace
—Let me see. It’s about fifteen minutes’ ride.
A. how long B. how soon C. how far D. how much
C
A
C
4. ---Are you going camping this afternoon
---A typhoon is coming. I’m not sure _____the road to the mountain will be closed.
A. which B. what C. whether D. why
5. My neighbor asked me _____ I heard the big noise last night or not .
A. whether B. if C. what D. why
6. ----Could you tell me ______ you’ll go to Paris
----Next month.
A. why B. where C. when D. how
C
A
C
7. ---Look at the stone bridge. Do you know ______ it was built
---In the 1860s. It is quite old.
A. when B. how C. where D. why
8. I told the teacher _____ I had seen.
A. what B. which C. where D. that
9. ----Do you know _____ the Smiths left Shanghai
----I’m not sure about the date. I only remember it was a Sunday.
A. if B. why C. how D. when
10. Go back _____ you come from.
A. why B. where C. when D. how
A
A
D
B
2-3
考点二 宾语从句的语序
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how ______ ( can I /I can )get to the zoo
Please tell me when ________(will we /we will ) have the meeting.
宾语从句的语序应为________。例如：
陈述语序
I can
we will
Ex: T/ F
他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。
How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )
How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )
你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？
Could you tell me where he lives ( )
Could you tell me where does he live ( )
F
T
T
F
注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong
What’s the matter
What’s happening
What happened
eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.
Can you tell me who is over there
对应练习：
1. Could you show me ________
A. how can I get to the station
B. where is the station
C. how I could get to the station
D. how I can reach the station
2. Please tell me _______.
A. what does he like B. what he does like
C. what he likes D. what he like
3. Miss Li, would you please tell me ______
A. can I learn English well
B. that I can learn English well
C. how I can learn English well
D. how can I learn English well
D
C
C
4.—James, can you tell me ________
— Paul I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be a shy and quiet boy.
A. what is Paul like B. what Paul is like
C. what does Paul like D. what Paul likes
5. --- I want to watch the basketball final. Do you know ______
--- At 3:00 pm tomorrow.
A. where will it take place B. when will it take place
C. where it will take place D. when it will take place
6. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning.
A. what the matter is B. what is wrong
C. what the matter was D. what was the matter
B
D
D
考点三 宾语从句的时态
注 意：
★I think (that) you _______ (are/ were)right.
★ Please tell us where he _____ (is/ was)now .
★Can you tell me how I _____ (can/ could)get to the railway station
1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不受影响。例如：
are
is
can
例如：
◆He asked what time it ______. (is/ was).
◆He told me that he __________________( is preparing /was preparing) for the
sports meeting.
◆He said that he _________(will/ would ) go back to the U.S.A. soon.
◆ He asked if you _____________( have written /had written) to Peter.
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从
句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，
过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。
was
was preparing
would
had written
主句为一般过去时态，从句的时态变化情况：
从句由原来 变为
一般现在时
现在进行时
一般将来时
现在完成时
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去将来时
过去完成时
注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用 。
e.g.
The teacher said that the moon
______(move) around the sun.
■He said that light _______(travel) much faster than sound.
My father told me there ____ (be)12 months in a year.
一般现在时
moves
travels
are
1．could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。
注意事项
Could you please tell me where we show our tickets
Could you tell us which gate we have to go to
Would you like to know when he __________ (come) back
will come
时态练习
1. The girls asked if they _____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2. Catherine said that she _____ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone
C. has never been D. had never been
3. Could you tell me whether they_____ dictation today.
A. had B. has C. will have D. are
A
D
C
4. Linda said the moon______ round the earth.
A. traveled B. has traveled
C. travels D. had traveled
5. Tom said he _______ back in a week.
A. will come B. would come C. come D. came
C
B
课堂检测：
1.---Where is Tom Do you know
---I think he ______ to the library.
A. has gone B. goes C. has been D. went
2.---Could you tell me _____
--- He lives in Shanghai.
A. where Mark lives B. where does Mark live
C. where Mark lived D. where did Mark live
3. She asked Linda if_____ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could
C. she can D. she may
A
A
B
4.---Do you know ________
---Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.
A. why did they move here
B. why they moved here
C. when did they move here
D. when they moved here
5.---Could you please tell me _____ Zhang Aiping’s hometown
---The day after tomorrow, I think.
A. when will you visit B. when you will visit
C. why you will visit D .how you will visit
D
B
6. I didn’t understand _____ , so I raised my hand to ask.
A. what my teacher says
B. what does my teacher say
C. what my teacher said
D. what did my teacher say
7. Could you tell me where we ______ next week .
A. would go B. to go
C. had to go D. will go
C
D
8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see ______ .
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
9. My uncle promised he ______ a postcard from Egypt.
A. sent B. will send
C. would send D. has sent
10. By the time I got to the check-out, I realized that I _____ my purse at my office.
A. have left B. had left
C. left D. was leaving
D
C
B
4
宾语从句的相关考点：
一、否定的转移：
当主句的主语是第一人称(I/ we) ，谓语动词是think, believe, guess, suppose（认为）等词时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。
Eg: I don’t think he is right. 我认为他不对。
二、宾语从句的附加疑问句（反意疑问句）怎么变？
1. 一般对主句进行反问： 如：
She didn’t say that he would come here,
________
did she
Eg:
① I believe he can finish it on time,________
② We think that English is very useful, _______
can’t he
isn’t it
2. 当主句的主语是第一人称（I/ we），谓语
动词是think, believe, guess, suppose(认为)
等词时，则对从句进行反问，但要注意否定还
原即先要否定还原，再对从句进行反问：
③ I don’t think (that) you are right, ________
第一步：句子还原为I think (that) you are not right.
第二步：对从句即You are not right.进行反问
Ex：
① I don’t think that you can do it,________
② We don’t believe that the news is true,_______
are you
can you
is it
比较：
① They all think that English is very important, _________
② He didn’t think that the news was true, _______
② I didn’t think that the news was true, _______
don’t they
did he
was it
三、(1) if 意为“如果”，引导______ 状语从句时，主句用________ （时态），从句用__________（时态）表_____。
但if意为“是否” 引导______ 从句时，其时态取决于主句。当主句是一般现在时，从句的时态不受影响；当主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时。如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用 __________ (时态)。
例：I don’t know if it ______ tomorrow. If it _____,I’ll stay at home.
A. will rain ,rains B. rains ,will rain
C. will rain ,will rain D. rains ,rains
条 件
将来时
一般现在时
将来
一般现在时
宾 语
区别练习:
1.If it _____ tomorrow, I won’t come.
A. will rain B. would rain C. rains D. rain
2. He didn’t tell me if it ______ tomorrow.
A. rains B. rained C. will rain D. would rain
3. I don’t know if he ______ tomorrow. If he______ , I’ll tell you.
A. will come; will come B. comes; will come
C. will come; comes D. comes; comes
4. I don’t know if it ______ tomorrow. If it______ , we’ll visit the Great Wall.
A. will rain , isn’t rain B. rains ,won’t rain
C. will rain ,doesn’t rain D. rains , doesn’t rain
C
D
C
C
(2) when引导时间状语从句，意为“当…….的时候”-----__________ (时态)
when引导宾语从句，意为“什么时候，何时”，其时态取决于主句的时态(同if)
Ex:
1. ---Do you know when ____ for Hong Kong
---I’m not sure. When he ____ , I’ll let you know.
A. will he ;leaves B. he will leave; will leave
C. he leaves; will leave D. he will leave; leaves
2. He doesn’t tell me when he______. I’ll call you up as soon as he ______.
A. will come, arrives B. comes, arrives
C. will come, will arrive D. comes, will arrive
主将从现
一、三类词引导的宾语从句：
二、宾语从句的语序
三、宾语从句的时态
四、还有几个注意事项
从属连词that
疑问词：8个“W”,1个“H”
从属连词whether/if
小 结
宾语从句六注意：
一、引导词
if/whether区别
特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词+to do
二、语序
what is the matter （怎么了？）语序不变
三 、时态
如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象 ,仍用一般现在时
Could/Would you tell me…
四、if, when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别
五、反意疑问句
一般看主句
主语是I/We 谓语是think, believe, suppose, guess等看从句
六、否定前移
在主语是I/We，谓语是think , believe , suppose, imagine
等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词
not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：
I don’t think he has time to play with girl.
我认为他没时间和女孩玩。
Goodbye!

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