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(共45张PPT)
（人教新版）八年级
下
Crossing cultures
Unit6
Section A Grammar focus
01
02
03
04
能够理解并在语境中准确使用 unless 引导的条件状语从句、so … that 引导的结果状语从句和 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句 。
能够将unless、so...that/ as soon as引导的状语从句和后缀为-ing和-ed的形客词综合运用于文化冲击相关内容的语篇。
能够理解世界文化的多元性和丰富性，培养对不同文化的好奇心和同理心，不断积累文化知识，拓宽文化视野。
能够理解后缀为-ing和-ed的形容词的意义区别，并在语境中恰当运用这两类形容词。
Learning objectives
Warming-up
Let's enjoy a video.
Revision
Review the conversation and fill in the blanks.
Anna and Kaito
Harry and Li Tong
Bob ,Marieand Ji-Hoon
Kaito’s bow _________ Anna. In Japan,people bow_________ we meet a teacher.But in the US, bowing is____formal
____people don’t do it these days.
surprised
as soon as
so
that
In the UK,people usually just say hello to greet others. They think bowing is_____ formal _____they only do it at special times.
so
that
Ji-Hoon feels____________
because people in Korea don't usually kiss others _______ they love each other.But in France people kiss friends on the cheek to say hello
embarrassed
unless
Sam: What's wrong, Hongli
Hongli: I'm having dinner at my friend's house tonight.
But English table manners are so confusing that
I'm a little worried.
Sam: Well, I'm from London. Ask me anything!
Hongli: Thanks! Well, first, should I bring something
Sam: Yes. Bring a small gift, but don't bring food
unless the host asks you to. And remember to
wait for the host to start before you eat.
Hongli: Good to know! Could you tell me the proper
way to use a knife and fork too
Sam: Just hold the knife in your right hand, and the
fork in your left. If you get confused, watch
what everyone else does.
Hongli: OK. Anything else
Sam: Hmm. After the meal, thank the host and say
that everything was delicious. And, most
importantly …
Hongli: Yes
Sam: Enjoy yourself!
Hongli: Thanks, I will!
Revision
Review the conversation and answer the question.
-What does Hongli think of English table manners ·
-English table manners are so _________ that she is _________.
confusing
confused
-Should Hongli bring something
-Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food ______the host asks.
unless
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow. We usually
just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
不，那太正式了，我们现在都不这么做了。
当然可以。带个小礼物就好，但除非主人邀请，否则别带食物。
这真让人意外！在日本，我们一见到老师就会鞠躬。
Read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in red and translate the sentences into Chinese.
4a
What do the words in red mean
No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
so … that
unless
as soon as
如此……以至于；引导结果状语从句
除非；引导条件状语从句
一……就；引导时间状语从句
1.so...that...
小档案
含义：
如此……以致于……
用法：
引导结果状语从句
(adverbial clause of result)
Let’s learn!
Grammar
No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
so...that...
小档案
结构：
The boy is so young that
he cannot dress himself.
so + adj.+ that从句
so...that...
小档案
结构：
Luke runs so fast that
nobody can catch him.
Peter spoke so quietly that I could hardly hear him.
so + adv.+ that从句
so...that...
小档案
结构：
so + adj.+ a/an +可数名词单数+that从句
It is so interesting a story that
everybody likes it.
Alice is so nice a girl that
everybody wants to make friends with her.
so...that...
小档案
结构：
so + many/few +可数名词复数+that从句
Lucy has so few friends that
she often feels lonely.
There are so many toys that the little boy doesn’t know which to buy.
so...that...
小档案
结构：
so + much/little +不可数名词+that从句
I have so much homework to do that
I have to stay at home.
He has so little money that he cannot afford a car.
such...that...
小档案
含义：
如此……以致于……
用法：
引导结果状语从句
(adverbial clause of result)
拓展补充-1
It is so interesting a story that
everybody likes it.
=It is such an interesting story that everybody likes it.
结构：
such + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数+that从句
It is such an interesting story that everybody likes it.
such...that...
小档案
Alice is such a nice girl that
everybody wants to make friends with her.
结构：
such + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
They are such interesting books that
we want to read them once more.
such...that...
小档案
It is such bad weather that
I have to stay at home.
拓展补充-2
The boy is so young that
he cannot dress himself.
=The boy is too young to dress himself.
=The boy is not old enough to dress himself.
so … that… 结构有时可与 too … to…(太……而不能……)，not … enough to do …(做某事不够……)结构互换。
要记得更换形容词哦！
2.as soon as
小档案
含义：
一……就……
用法：
引导时间状语从句
(adverbial clause of time)
Let’s learn!
Grammar
as soon as
小档案
As soon as I get home,
I will call you.
Mary will look for a job
as soon as she leaves school.
句首
有逗号
as soon as 引导的时间状语从句可放于句首，此时从句后有逗号。
句中
从句也可放于句中，此时从句后无逗号。
as soon as
小档案
As soon as I get home,
I will call you.
Mary will look for a job
as soon as she leaves school.
一般现在时
一般
将来时
如果主句是一般将来时，as soon as 引导的从句用一般现在时(主将从现)。
as soon as
小档案
Carol answered the door
as soon as I knocked.
时间状语从句
主句
as soon as 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，一般情况下，主句也用一般现在时。表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。
了解即可
3.unless
小档案
含义：
除非；如果不
用法：
引导条件状语从句
(adverbial clause of condition)
Let’s learn!
Grammar
unless
小档案
I won’t go to the party unless I am invited.
Unless you work hard,
you will not catch up with others.
句首
逗号
unless引导的条件状语从句可放于句首，此时从句后有逗号。
从句也可放于句首，此时从句后无逗号。
unless
小档案
从句是
一般现在时
主句是
一般将来时
unless引导条件状语从句时，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，即主将从现。
Unless you work hard,
you will not catch up with others.
unless
小档案
主句用
情态动词
从句是
一般现在时
unless引导条件状语从句时，主句用情态动词，从句用一般现在时，即主情从现。
You cannot watch TV
unless you finish your homework.
unless
小档案
主句为
祈使句
从句是
一般现在时
unless引导条件状语从句时，主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时，即主祈从现。
Don’t watch TV
unless you finish your homework.
unless
小档案
Unless you work hard,
you will not catch up with others.
=If you don’t work hard,
you will not catch up with others.
unless相当于if...not...。
Read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in blue and translate the sentences into Chinese.
4a
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don’t look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing.
你的鞠躬让我很惊讶。在美国我们通常只说 “你好” 或者握手。
真令人惊讶！在日本，我们一见到老师就鞠躬。
别显得那么尴尬！
可这真的很让人尴尬。
How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don’t look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing.
形容词后缀 -ed 意为 “使（人）感到……的”，一般用来描述人的感受或情绪。
形容词后缀 -ing 意为 “……的”，通常用来描述事物的属性或特性，有时也可用来表述人的特性。
形容词后缀-ed
含义：
使（人）感到
……的
用法：
一般用来描述人的感受或情绪，在句中常作表语。具有被动意义。
Let’s learn!
Grammar
I was surprised by your bow.
作表语
形容词后缀-ing
含义：
令人……的
用法：
通常用来描述事物的属性或特性，有时也可用来表述人的特性，在句中作定语或表语。具有主动意义。
Let’s learn!
Grammar
作定语
She is an amazing teacher.
作表语
The ending of the movie was surprising.
动词 -ing 形容词（令人……的） -ed 形容词（感到……的）
surprise surprising surprised
interest interesting interested
embarrass embarrassing embarrassed
excite exciting excited
bore boring bored
relax relaxing relaxed
tire tiring tired
confuse confusing confused
amaze amazing amazed
please pleasing pleased
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
4b
1. Türkiye: People don’t kiss one another on the cheek. They can do so if they are good friends. (unless)
In Türkiye, people don’t kiss one another on the cheek unless they are good friends.
2. Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter someone’s home. (as soon as)
In Japan, you should take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone’s home.
take off 脱掉;（飞机等）起飞
3. Kenya: Being late is very common. You should be patient and not expect people to be on time. (so ... that)
4. China: Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude. You should avoid it. (so ... that)
In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time.
In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it.
aviod doing sth避免做某事
5. Mexico: Don’t use someone’s first name if you don’t know him or her well. You can use it if the person invites you to do so. (unless)
In Mexico, don’t use someone’s first name unless you know him or her well. / In Mexico, don’t use someone’s first name unless the person invites you to do so.
Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from
4c
surprising surprised interesting interested
so ... that as soon as unless
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is ___________ different from your own ___________ you feel ___________. For example, I experienced this ___________ I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my
so
that
surprised
as soon as
culture shock文化冲击
be different from和..不同
get off 下（飞机、火车、公共汽车等）
get on 登上（飞机、火车、公共汽车等）
right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus!
That was really ___________ to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone ___________ we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and ___________ in learning about the culture there. It’s so ___________ to discover cultural differences like this!
Can you tell where the writer is from
The writer is from Germany because the person says “we” when referring to what is normal in Germany.
surprising
unless
interested
interesting
即使
大量空间
be used to (doing) sth习惯于做某事
used to do sth过去常常做某事
be used to do sth被用来做某事
curious好奇的
cultural 与文化有关的；
Exercises
Ⅰ. 用所给词的正确形式填空
The movie was so __________ (surprise) that we all jumped up.
I am __________ (interest) in learning about different cultures.
It is ____________ (embarrass) to make mistakes in public.
She felt __________ (tire) after the long walk.
The __________ (excite) news made everyone cheer.
surprising
interested
embarrassing
tired
exciting
Ⅱ.用“so/such... that”, if, unless或as soon as 填空。
1. I believe you will succeed in the end ______ you don’t
give up halfway.
2. I gave some flowers to Gina ____________she finished
singing on stage.
3. It is ______ an interesting movie _______ I feel like
watching it a second time.
4. You can never know what’s possible _______ you try
to make something happen.
5. The memories of the junior high school are ______
sweet ______I will always keep them in my heart.
if
as soon as
such
that
unless
so
that
Ⅲ. 按括号内的要求完成下列各题。
1. You will win the singing competition. You will get a prize. (用if合并为含有条件状语从句的复合句)
If ______________________________________________.
2. Rita won't wear her sweater. Rita will feel cold. (用if合并为含有条件状语从句的复合句)
Rita __________________________________________.
3. Your parents won't know your ideas. You will talk with your parents. (用unless合并为含有条件状语从句的复合句)
Unless _______________________________________________.
you win the singing competition, you will get a prize
will feel cold if she doesn't wear her sweater
you talk with your parents, they won't know your ideas
4. I will be too busy tomorrow. I will visit my aunt. (用unless合并为含有条件状语从句的复合句)
I ____________________________________________.
5. We won't do our work well unless we are very careful. (改为同义句)
We won't do our work well _____________________________.
6. The game is very interesting. I am interested in it.（合并为一句）
7. He is tired. The work is tiring.（用 so…that 改写）
will visit my aunt unless I am too busy tomorrow
if we are not very careful
The game is so interesting that I am interested in it.
The work is so tiring that he is tired.
Homework
1.Must-do:
整理语法部分的笔记。
2. Choose-to-do:
描述你经历的或听过的一次文化冲击，至少使用 3 个 含-ing 和 3个-ed 形容词，并包含 so…that / unless / as soon as 中的至少两个结构。
谢谢
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