资源简介

Period 2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
1．抗击疟疾the fight against malaria
2．增加存活可能性increase chance of survival
3．中医，中药traditional Chinese medicine
4．获得广泛的……知识acquire a broad knowledge of
5．成为……的领导become head of
6．……的治愈方法a cure for
7．未能做成某事fail to do sth
8．产生有希望的结果produce promising results
9．在低温下at a low temperature
10．问题的解决方法solutions to the problem
11．成功做成某事manage to do sth/succeed in doing sth
12．家用储水的容器household water containers
13．夜以继日地工作work day and night
14．放弃give up
15．大量的large amounts of
16．很可能……be likely to do
17．志愿做某事volunteer to do sth
18．在……上试验……test...on...
19．反复试验through trial and error
20．鼓励科学家进一步探索宝库encourage scientists to further explore the treasure house
21．利用，动用draw on
intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指[intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的intention n．计划；目的，意图]
[教材原句P44]In the 1960s，many people were dying of malaria，and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾，于是1969年屠呦呦担任了一个旨在找到疟疾疗法的小组组长。
[人教版]The government，however，does not intend to stop the protection programmes，since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。
·intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事 intend to do/doing sth打算做某事，计划做某事 had intended to do sth(＝intended to have done sth)本打算做某事(但事实上没做) ·be intended for专为……设计；打算为……所用 be intended to do sth专为做某事而设计的；旨在做某事 ·with the/an intention of怀着……的意图
(1)Using emojis can add humor and feeling，keeping intention(intend) clear.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之道歉信)上周末我本来打算和你一起去书店的，但是发生了意想不到的事情。所以我写这封信是为了向你表达我的歉意。另外，我打算邀请你参加本周六下午3点为高中生举办的中国画展，不知道你是否能接受。
I had intended to go/intended to have gone to the bookstore with you last weekend but something unexpected happened.So I’m writing with the intention of expressing my apology to you.In addition，I intend inviting/intend to invite you to a Chinese painting exhibition (which/that is) intended for senior high students at 3 pm this Saturday and I wonder if you can accept it.
(3)(2023·北京，书面表达)得知你要组织一个俱乐部活动——绿色北京，旨在提高人们的环保意识，我写信给你提供一些实用的建议。
Aware that you are to organize a club activity—Green Beijing (that/which is) intended to raise people’s environmental awareness/consciousness，I am writing to provide you with some practical tips.
refer to 指的是；提到，谈及；参考，查阅(reference n．提及；参考，查阅；介绍信)
[教材原句P45]When they failed to produce any promising results，Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.当这些未能取得任何有希望的效果时，屠呦呦就再次查阅中医典籍。
[人教版]Pronouns(it，they，she，etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.代词(it，they，she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。
[外研版]Refer to the interview for ideas.参考这个访谈来汲取灵感。
·refer to...as...把……称作…… refer...to...把……提交给…… ·in/with reference to关于
(1)I have nothing to comment with reference(refer) to that matter.
(2)Please wait patiently for a few days.We have referred your complaint to our supplier.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之推荐信)关于学汉语，我向你强烈推荐《新华字典》，它被称作最好的参考书之一。当你遇到一些不认识的汉字时，你可以查阅它。
In/With reference to studying Chinese，I strongly recommend Xinhua Dictionary to you，which is referred to as one of the best reference books.When you meet with some unfamiliar Chinese characters，you can refer to it.
limited adj.有限的(limit vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度 limitless adj.无限的 limitation n．限制；局限)
[教材原句P45]However，it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.然而，由于研究资源有限，很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
[北师大版]The reason why this was difficult was that the team had limited resources.
这很困难的原因是团队资源有限。
·be limited to限定在……；受限于……(to为介词) ·limit...to...把……限定在……范围内 ·set a limit to/on限制…… beyond/over the limit超过限度 within the limits of限定在……范围内 there is a/no limit to...……是有限的/无限的
(1)[人教版]Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited(limit)．
(2)(应用文写作之活动介绍)In this farm picking activity，our work is limited to picking(pick) peaches and putting them into a big box.
[写作佳句]
(3)如果你有足够的勇气和信心，你所能做的是无限的。
There is no limit to what you can do if you have enough courage and confidence.
(4)(应用文写作之征文通知)要求你把文章控制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度，将不被录用。
You are requested to limit your essay to 800 words.If your essay is beyond/over the limit，it will not be accepted.
speed up(使)加速
[教材原句P45]To speed up the process and ensure its safety，Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。
·at a speed of...以……的速度
at low/high/full/top speed以低/高/全/最高速
pick up speed加速
·slow down减速
用speed的相关短语填空
(1)Obviously，an effective means of transportation can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.
(2)The train is heading for Shanghai at a speed of 120 kilometres an hour.Once outside the station，it begins to pick up speed/speed up.
(3)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，especially if you are driving at high speed.
[写作佳句]
(4)(应用文写作之劝诫信)你应该养成良好的学习习惯，这可以帮助你加快实现目标的速度。
You should form a good habit of learning，which can help you speed up to achieve your goal.
pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的
[教材原句P45]The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off.屠呦呦团队的努力最终得到了回报。
[外研版]Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals.四分之一决赛对抗卫冕冠军巴西队时，中国队的顽强毅力得到了回报，她们惊人地赢得了东山再起的机会。
pay back偿还(欠款)；报复；回报 pay for sth付某物的钱；为某事付出代价 pay sb for sth因某物给某人报酬 pay a visit to参观，拜访 pay attention to注意；留心
用pay相关短语的正确形式填空
(1)Her years of hard training paid off when she won the gold medal.
(2)He burst into tears，begging her to forgive him and promising to pay back everything he had stolen.
(3)Learning that you are going to pay a visit to Xi’an，I’m writing to recommend some tourist attractions to you.
(4)It has become a common practice for some to pay for good ratings on their products or services so as to increase their sales.
Ⅰ.短语填空
1．When you deliver a speech，if necessary，you can refer to(参考) your notes.
2．She was determined to establish her own company and her efforts paid off(得到回报)．
3．To speed up the process and ensure its safety，they tested qinghao extract on themselves first.
4．Through trial and error(反复试验)，that vaccine was successfully developed in less than one year.
5．Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be of benefit to/be beneficial to(对……有好处) you.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．直到知道考试结果，他才如释重负。
It was not until he knew the result of the exam that he felt a sense of relief.
2．在我们班，Tony总是第一个完成作业的学生。
In our class，Tony is always the first student to finish the homework.
3．每个赛跑者都尽自己最大的努力去完成任务，沿途的同学给予了他们必要的帮助和鼓励。
Every runner tried their best to finish the task，with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement.
作业2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
[分值57.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．As a student，I think you should not be limited to learning your favourite subject.
2．The first time the teacher met the girl，he was struck by her wisdom(wise) and brightness.
3．The program was set up with the intention(intend) of helping people with mental problems.
4．The company informed us that the conference had been postponed(postpone) until next Monday.
5．Illegal hunting is threatening the survival(survive) of the species，so we must take some measures.
Ⅱ.主题微写作(满分15分)
1．我最尊敬的人是我的爸爸，一位高中教师。(定语从句)
The person (that/whom) I respect most is my father，a teacher in senior high school.
2．他全心全意对待工作和学生，极少有时间休息。(v.-ed作状语)
Devoted to his work and his students，he has little time for rest.
3．为了让我健康快乐地成长，他还抽出时间陪伴我，和我分享他工作中的许多有趣的事情。(in order to)
In order to make me grow healthily and happily，he also spares some time to keep me company and share many funny things with me about his work.
4．当我在学习中遇到难以解决的问题时，爸爸会耐心地听我说，鼓励我勇敢地克服困难。(形容词短语作后置定语)
When I come across the problems difficult to solve in my study，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.
5．他在工作中取得了很大成就，赢得了学生的尊重。(v.-ing作状语)
He has achieved a lot in his work，gaining the respect of his students.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Mark Temple，a medical molecular(分子的) biologist，used to spend a lot of time in his lab researching new drugs for cancer treatments.He would extract DNA from cells and then add a drug to see where it was binding(结合) along the chemical sequence(序列)．Before he introduced the drug，he’d look at DNA combination on a screen to see what might work best for the experiment，but the visual readout of the sequences was often unimaginably large.
So Temple wondered if there was an easier way to detect favorable patterns.“I realized I wanted to hear the sequence，” says Temple，who is also a musician.He started his own system of assigning notes to the different elements of DNA—human DNA is made of four distinct bases，so it was easy to start off with four notes—and made a little tune out of his materials.This trick indeed helped him better spot patterns in the sequences，which allowed him to make better choices about which DNA combinations to use.
Temple isn’t the first person to turn scientific data into sound.In the past 40 years，researchers have gone from exploring this trick as a fun way to spot patterns in their studies to using it as a guide to discovery.And the scientific community has come to realize that there’s some long-term value in this type of work.Temple，who from that first experiment has created his own algorithmic software to turn data into sound，believes the resulting music can be used to improve research and science communication.
So Temple decided to add layers of sound to make the sonification(可听化) into songs.He sees a clear difference between “sonification” and “musification”．Using sound to represent data is scientific，but very different from using creative input to make songs.The musical notes from DNA may be melodic to the human ear，but they don’t sound like a song you’d listen to on the radio.So when he tried to sonify the virus，he added layers of drums and guitar，and had some musician friends add their own music to turn the virus into a full-blown post-rock song.
Temple sees this work as an effective communication tool that will help a general audience understand complex systems in biology.He has performed his songs in public at concert halls in Australia.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了医学分子生物学家Mark Temple通过赋予DNA元素不同的音调而将DNA数据转化成声音，来帮助自己更好地进行研究。
1．What is Mark Temple’s purpose in turning DNA data into sound
A．To aid the process of his experiments.
B．To develop his creative ability.
C．To make his drug more powerful.
D．To help him fight boredom.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Before he introduced the drug，he’d look at DNA combination on a screen to see what might work best for the experiment，but the visual readout of the sequences was often unimaginably large.”和第二段的“So Temple wondered if there was an easier way to detect favorable patterns...and made a little tune out of his materials.”可知，Temple将DNA数据转化为声音的目的是帮助自己进行实验。故选A。
2．What can we learn about Temple’s system
A．Its effect remains to be seen.
B．It has produced satisfying results.
C．It is too complicated to operate.
D．It failed to work as expected.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“This trick indeed helped him better spot patterns in the sequences，which allowed him to make better choices about which DNA combinations to use.”可知，这个系统帮助他更好地发现了序列中的模式，使他能够更好地选择使用哪种DNA组合，所以他的研究系统产生了令人满意的效果。故选B。
3．Why did Temple try to make the virus sound like real music when sonifying it
A．To enhance people’s understanding of science.
B．To show his talent in producing music.
C．To get rid of public fear of the virus.
D．To remind people of the role of science in art creation.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段的“So when he tried to sonify the virus，he added layers of drums and guitar，and had some musician friends add their own music to turn the virus into a full-blown post-rock song.”和最后一段的“Temple sees this work as an effective communication tool that will help a general audience understand complex systems in biology.”可知，在将病毒可听化时，Temple努力使病毒听起来更像真正的音乐是为了帮助大众更好地理解科学。故选A。
4．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Why music can be the best way to present science.
B．How scientists help the public understand science.
C．Why scientists are turning molecules into music.
D．How music helps scientists conduct their research.
答案　C
解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Before he introduced the drug，he’d look at DNA combination on a screen to see what might work best for the experiment，but the visual readout of the sequences was often unimaginably large.”、第二段的“So Temple wondered if there was an easier way to detect favorable patterns.”、第三段、第四段的“So Temple decided to add layers of sound to make the sonification(可听化) into songs.”以及最后一段的“Temple sees this work as an effective communication tool that will help a general audience understand complex systems in biology.”可知，本文主要讲述了医学分子生物学家Mark Temple为什么将DNA数据转化为声音。故选C。
B(此篇精读)
Ariel Procaccia has always been attracted by big questions and hard problems.When he was a teenager，Procaccia loved reading books about big ideas.One of his favorites was Fermat’s Last Theorem，which tells the story of a math puzzle that remained unsolved for more than 300 years.Another book he enjoyed was A Brief History of Time，which explores deep questions about the universe.
By the time he went to college，Procaccia knew he wanted to study two of three things—math，computer science and physics.“But my dad is a physics professor，and it seemed strange to do the same thing he did，” Procaccia says.“So I chose the other two.”
Today，Procaccia is a computer scientist at Harvard University in Cambridge，Mass.There，he designs computer algorithms(算法) that can solve problems quickly and fairly.Through this work，Procaccia has been able to address① some big problems that directly affect people’s daily lives.
One of his favorite projects is Spliddit.org.It’s a free website that helps people divide things in a way that mathematically ensures fairness.For example，one of the apps on Spliddit is rent division.Say a few roommates rent an apartment and have different preferences② over rooms.The goal is to assign(分配) the rooms and divide the rent in a way that each roommate feels they got the best deal.Since Spliddit was started in 2014，it has been used by hundreds of thousands of people.
For those who think computer science is only about computers，Procaccia has a different view.He believes it is really about solving problems in the best way possible.He encourages people to explore it，even if they think they are not interested in computers.He says，“It’s not just about the machines；it’s about using them to make a real difference in people’s lives.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Ariel Procaccia是一位热衷于解决复杂问题的计算机科学家，他开发了Spliddit.org等工具，利用算法实现公平分配，并认为计算机科学的真正价值在于改善人们的生活，而不仅仅是技术本身。
5．What can we learn about Procaccia from the first paragraph
A．He has a curious mind.
B．He longed③ to be a teacher.
C．He was a quiet teenager.
D．He enjoys writing stories.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“When he was a teenager，Procaccia loved reading books about big ideas...which explores deep questions about the universe.”可知，Procaccia少年时期喜欢阅读关于重大思想的书籍，这些书涉及深奥的数学和宇宙问题，这体现了他具有强烈的好奇心。故选A项。
6．Why did Procaccia study math and computer science in college
A．He accepted his father’s suggestion.
B．He failed to choose the subjects he loved.
C．He was unwilling④ to follow his father’s path.
D．He thought computer science was more popular.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“By the time he went to college，Procaccia knew he wanted to study two of three things—math，computer science and physics.‘But my dad is a physics professor，and it seemed strange to do the same thing he did，’ Procaccia says.‘So I chose the other two.’”可知，Procaccia之所以在大学里学习数学和计算机科学，是因为父亲是物理学教授，他不愿意重走父亲的职业道路。故选C项。
7．What is the main purpose of the website Spliddit.org
A．To encourage students to explore math.
B．To share information on low-rent housing.
C．To help its users find suitable roommates.
D．To offer solutions to fair division problems.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“One of his favorite projects is Spliddit.org.It’s a free website that helps people divide things in a way that mathematically ensures fairness.”可知，该网站的主要目的是通过数学算法为公平分配问题提供解决方案。故选D项。
8．What is Procaccia’s opinion about computer science
A．It is mainly about computers.
B．It aims to improve people’s daily lives.
C．It only draws⑤ college students.
D．It depends on future computer scientists.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“He believes it is really about solving problems in the best way possible.”和“It’s not just about the machines；it’s about using them to make a real difference in people’s lives.”可推知，Procaccia认为计算机科学的本质在于用最优方式解决问题，旨在改善人们的日常生活。故选B项。
[语境猜词]
①address 熟义：n.地址　生义(文义)：v.解决
②preference(派)＝prefer＋ence n．偏爱，偏好
③long 熟义：adj.长的　生义(文义)：v.渴望
④unwilling(派)＝un＋willing adj.不愿意的
⑤draw 熟义：v.绘画　生义(文义)：v.吸引，使注意
[句式分析]
The goal is to assign the rooms and divide the rent in a way that each roommate feels they got the best deal.
分析：此句为复合句。and连接两个to do不定式短语作表语，divide前省略了to，解释说明主语goal的内容；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词way；they got the best deal为省略了that的宾语从句。
翻译：其目的是分配房间，并以每个室友都觉得最划算的方式分摊租金。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
One sunny afternoon，Wang Qing，a student at the Communication University of China，was walking on campus when her eyes were 1 to a cheongsam(旗袍) dress in a second-hand shop.
Wang Qing 2 the shop and gently touched the dress，feeling the history and culture behind it.The dress was cheap but of excellent quality，perfectly in line with her shopping 3 ：valuing cost-effectiveness over 4 about buying second-hand things.She gladly bought the second-hand cheongsam dress and returned to her dormitory with joy.
Actually，Wang Qing often found 5 items on second-hand platforms，saving money while 6 her needs.She also received textbooks from 7 who no longer needed them，preventing waste.
Wang isn’t 8 .Zhang Yiming from Renmin University ventured into the world of second-hand trading by chance.He had a movie ticket but couldn’t attend due to a schedule change，so he decided to sell it.This experience 9 him to the joys of second-hand trading，leading him to 10 both online and offline options.
“In a seller’s 11 ，selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money in the 12 ，” Zhang said in an interview.He believed that modern youths put more 13 on practicality，seeking 14 for money in their purchases.
The stories of these two young people 15 more and more young people to join the second-hand trading movement，promoting a green，eco-friendly，and economical lifestyle.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两个年轻人的故事，这两个年轻人的故事启发了越来越多的年轻人加入二手交易运动中来，倡导绿色、环保、经济的生活方式。
1．A.transported B．drawn
C．signaled D．brought
答案　B
解析　transport运输；draw吸引；signal打手势；bring带来。根据下文“Wang Qing the shop and gently touched the dress，feeling the history and culture behind it.”可知，王青走在校园里，突然一家二手商店里的一件旗袍吸引了她的目光。故选B项。
2．A.broke into B．stepped into
C．looked over D．took over
答案　B
解析　break into破门而入；step into迈入；look over翻阅；take over接管。根据下文“gently touched the dress”可知，此处表示王青走进店里。故选B项。
3．A.list B．collection
C．philosophy D．basket
答案　C
解析　list列表；collection收藏；philosophy哲学，生活的信条；basket篮子。根据下文“valuing cost-effectiveness over about buying second-hand things”可知，此处表示王青的购物理念。故选C项。
4．A.complaints B．concepts
C．guarantees D．concerns
答案　D
解析　complaint抱怨；concept观念；guarantee保证；concern担心。根据上文“valuing cost-effectiveness”以及下文“She gladly bought the second-hand cheongsam dress and returned to her dormitory with joy.”可知，王青重视成本效益，而不是担心买到二手东西。故选D项。
5．A.appealing B．moving
C．frightening D．puzzling
答案　A
解析　appealing有吸引力的；moving令人感动的；frightening令人害怕的；puzzling令人困惑的。根据上文“when her eyes were to...”可知，王青经常在二手平台上找到吸引人的东西。故选A项。
6．A.satisfying B．ignoring
C．understanding D．determining
答案　A
解析　satisfy满足；ignore忽略；understand理解；determine决定。根据上文“second-hand platforms”以及下文“her needs”可知，王青通过二手平台省钱同时满足她的需要。故选A项。
7．A.classmates B．graduates
C．composers D．natives
答案　B
解析　classmate同学；graduate毕业生；composer作曲家；native本地人。根据下文“who no longer needed them”以及常识可知，不再需要教科书的是毕业生。故选B项。
8．A.alone B．anxious
C．aware D．accessible
答案　A
解析　alone独自的；anxious焦虑的；aware意识到的；accessible易接近的。根据下文“Zhang Yiming from Renmin University ventured into the world of second-hand trading by chance.”可知，王青并不是独自做这件事的人，还有很多人也像她一样。故选A项。
9．A.stimulated B．described
C．introduced D．recommended
答案　C
解析　stimulate刺激；describe描述；introduce介绍，引进；recommend推荐。根据下文“the joys of second-hand trading”可知，这段经历给他带来了二手交易的乐趣。故选C项。
10．A.export B．establish
C．explore D．estimate
答案　C
解析　export出口；establish建立；explore探索；estimate评估。根据下文“both online and offline options”可知，这段经历促使他探索线上和线下的选择。故选C项。
11．A.interest B．observation
C．imagination D．view
答案　D
解析　interest兴趣；observation观察；imagination想象；view观点。根据下文“selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money in the ”可知，“出售闲置的物品不仅可以防止浪费，还能赚到一些钱”是卖家的观点。故选D项。
12．A.direction B．destination
C．form D．process
答案　D
解析　direction方向；destination目的地；form形式；process过程。根据上文“selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money in the”以及常识可知，卖东西是一个可以赚钱的过程。故选D项。
13．A.pressure B．emphasis
C．blame D．limits
答案　B
解析　pressure压力；emphasis强调；blame责备；limit限制。根据下文“on practicality，seeking for money in their purchases”可知，许多年轻人购买二手商品，更看重的是实用性和价值型。故选B项。
14．A.value B．deal
C．advice D．help
答案　A
解析　value价值；deal交易；advice建议；help帮助。根据下文“for money in their purchases”以及常识可知，此处表示许多年轻人在购买中寻求物有所值。故选A项。
15．A.intended B．instructed
C．inspired D．invited
答案　C
解析　intend打算；instruct指导；inspire激励；invite邀请。根据下文“promoting a green，eco-friendly，and economical lifestyle”可知，两个年轻人的故事启发了越来越多的年轻人加入二手交易运动中来。故选C项。(共72张PPT)
Period 2
Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
Scientists who
changed the world
Unit 4
内容索引
Part 1　课文词块自查
Part 2　语言知识梳理
Part 3　基础达标检测
作业2
课文词块自查
1.抗击疟疾
2.增加存活可能性
3.中医，中药
4.获得广泛的……知识
5.成为……的领导
6.……的治愈方法
7.未能做成某事
8.产生有希望的结果
_______________________
_________________________
__________________________
____________________________
_______________
___________
_____________
________________________
increase chance of survival
traditional Chinese medicine
acquire a broad knowledge of
become head of
a cure for
fail to do sth
the fight against malaria
produce promising results
____________________
_______________________
__________________________________
_________________________
___________________
________
_________________
_____________
9.在低温下
10.问题的解决方法
11.成功做成某事
12.家用储水的容器
13.夜以继日地工作
14.放弃
15.大量的
16.很可能……
at a low temperature
solutions to the problem
manage to do sth/succeed in doing sth
household water containers
work day and night
give up
large amounts of
be likely to do
__________________
___________
___________________
_________________________________
__________________
__________
17.志愿做某事
18.在……上试验……
19.反复试验
20.鼓励科学家进一步探索宝库
21.利用，动用
volunteer to do sth
test...on...
through trial and error
encourage scientists to further explore
the treasure house
draw on
返 回
语言知识梳理
vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指[intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的intention n.计划；目的，意图]
[教材原句P44]In the 1960s，many people were dying of malaria，and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾，于是1969年屠呦呦担任了一个旨在找到疟疾疗法的小组组长。
[人教版]The government，however，does not intend to stop the protection programmes，since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。
1
intend
·intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事
intend to do/doing sth打算做某事，计划做某事
had intended to do sth(＝intended to have done sth)本打算做某事(但事
实上没做)
·be intended for专为……设计；打算为……所用
be intended to do sth专为做某事而设计的；旨在做某事
·with the/an intention of怀着……的意图
(1)Using emojis can add humor and feeling，keeping (intend) clear.
intention
(2)(应用文写作之道歉信)上周末我本来打算和你一起去书店的，但是发生了意想不到的事情。所以我写这封信是为了向你表达我的歉意。另外，我打算邀请你参加本周六下午3点为高中生举办的中国画展，不知道你是否能接受。
__________________________________________________________
_______last weekend but something unexpected happened.So I’m writing________________________________________________.In addition，I ______________________________________to a Chinese
painting exhibition __________________________________________
at 3 pm this Saturday and I wonder if you can accept it.
写作佳句
I had intended to go/intended to have gone to the bookstore with you
with the intention of expressing my apology to you
intend inviting/intend to invite you
(which/that is) intended for seniorhigh students
(3)(2023·北京，书面表达)得知你要组织一个俱乐部活动——绿色北京，旨在提高人们的环保意识，我写信给你提供一些实用的建议。
Aware that you are to organize a club activity—Green Beijing _______________________________________________________
_______________________，I am writing to provide you with some practical tips.
(that/which is) intended to raise people’s environmental awareness/consciousness
指的是；提到，谈及；参考，查阅(reference n.提及；参考，查阅；介绍信)
2
refer to
[教材原句P45]When they failed to produce any promising results，Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.当这些未能取得任何有希望的效果时，屠呦呦就再次查阅中医典籍。
[人教版]Pronouns(it，they，she，etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.代词(it，they，she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。
[外研版]Refer to the interview for ideas.参考这个访谈来汲取灵感。
·refer to...as...把……称作……
refer...to...把……提交给……
·in/with reference to关于
(1)I have nothing to comment with (refer) to that matter.
(2)Please wait patiently for a few days.We have referred your complaint ____our supplier.
reference
to
(3)(应用文写作之推荐信)关于学汉语，我向你强烈推荐《新华字典》，它被称作最好的参考书之一。当你遇到一些不认识的汉字时，你可以查阅它。
studying Chinese，I strongly recommend Xinhua Dictionary to you，which__________________________
____________________.When you meet with some unfamiliar Chinese characters，you can it.
写作佳句
In/With reference to
is referred to as one of the
best reference books
refer to
adj.有限的(limit vt.限制；限定 n.界限；限度 limitless adj.无限的 limitation n.限制；局限)
3
limited
[教材原句P45]However，it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.然而，由于研究资源有限，很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
[北师大版]The reason why this was difficult was that the team had limited resources.
这很困难的原因是团队资源有限。
·be limited to限定在……；受限于……(to为介词)
·limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
·set a limit to/on限制……
beyond/over the limit超过限度
within the limits of限定在……范围内
there is a/no limit to...……是有限的/无限的
(1)[人教版]Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are (limit).
(2)(应用文写作之活动介绍)In this farm picking activity，our work is limited to (pick) peaches and putting them into a big box.
picking
limited
(3)如果你有足够的勇气和信心，你所能做的是无限的。
what you can do if you have enough courage and confidence.
(4)(应用文写作之征文通知)要求你把文章控制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度，将不被录用。
You are requested to .If your essay is ，it will not be accepted.
写作佳句
There is no limit to
limit your essay to 800 words
beyond/over the limit
[教材原句P45]To speed up the process and ensure its safety，Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。
4
speed up
(使)加速
·at a speed of...以……的速度
at low/high/full/top speed以低/高/全/最高速
pick up speed加速
·slow down减速
用speed的相关短语填空
(1)Obviously，an effective means of transportation can help us to ____________to reach our destinations.
(2)The train is heading for Shanghai 120 kilometres an hour.Once outside the station，it begins to .
(3)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，especially if you are driving .
speed up
at a speed of
pick up speed/speed up
at high speed
(4)(应用文写作之劝诫信)你应该养成良好的学习习惯，这可以帮助你加快实现目标的速度。
You should form a good habit of learning，__________________
____________ to achieve your goal.
写作佳句
which can help you
speed up
成功，奏效，达到目的
5
pay off
[教材原句P45]The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off.屠呦呦团队的努力最终得到了回报。
[外研版]Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals.四分之一决赛对抗卫冕冠军巴西队时，中国队的顽强毅力得到了回报，她们惊人地赢得了东山再起的机会。
pay back偿还(欠款)；报复；回报
pay for sth付某物的钱；为某事付出代价
pay sb for sth因某物给某人报酬
pay a visit to参观，拜访
pay attention to注意；留心
用pay相关短语的正确形式填空
(1)Her years of hard training when she won the gold medal.
(2)He burst into tears，begging her to forgive him and promising to __________everything he had stolen.
paid off
pay back
(3)Learning that you are going to Xi’an，I’m writing to recommend some tourist attractions to you.
(4)It has become a common practice for some to good ratings on their products or services so as to increase their sales.
pay a visit to
pay for
返 回
基础达标检测
1.When you deliver a speech，if necessary，you can (参考) your notes.
2.She was determined to establish her own company and her efforts __________(得到回报).
3.To the process and ensure its safety，they tested qinghao extract on themselves first.
4. (反复试验)，that vaccine was successfully developed in less than one year.
refer to
Ⅰ.短语填空
paid off
speed up
Through trial and error
5.Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will ______________ _______________(对……有好处) you.
be of benefit to
/be beneficial to
1.直到知道考试结果，他才如释重负。
It was he felt a sense of relief.
2.在我们班，Tony总是第一个完成作业的学生。
In our class，Tony is always .
3.每个赛跑者都尽自己最大的努力去完成任务，沿途的同学给予了他们必要的帮助和鼓励。
Every runner tried their best to finish the task，with ________________
_____________________________________as well as encouragement.
not until he knew the result of the exam that
Ⅱ.完成句子
the first student to finish the homework
返 回
their classmates
along the way giving them necessary help
作业2
1.As a student，I think you should not be limited learning your favourite subject.
2.The first time the teacher met the girl，he was struck by her _________(wise) and brightness.
3.The program was set up with the (intend) of helping people with mental problems.
4.The company informed us that the conference _____________________(postpone) until next Monday.
to
wisdom
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
intention
had been postponed
5.Illegal hunting is threatening the (survive) of the species，so we must take some measures.
survival
1.我最尊敬的人是我的爸爸，一位高中教师。(定语从句)
，a teacher in senior high school.
2.他全心全意对待工作和学生，极少有时间休息。(v.-ed作状语)
，he has little time for rest.
3.为了让我健康快乐地成长，他还抽出时间陪伴我，和我分享他工作中的许多有趣的事情。(in order to)
，he also spares some time to keep me company and share many funny things with me about his work.
The person (that/whom) I respect most is my father
Ⅱ.主题微写作
Devoted to his work and his students
In order to make me grow healthily and happily
4.当我在学习中遇到难以解决的问题时，爸爸会耐心地听我说，鼓励我勇敢地克服困难。(形容词短语作后置定语)
，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.
5.他在工作中取得了很大成就，赢得了学生的尊重。(v.-ing作状语)
He has achieved a lot in his work， .
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
When I come across the problems difficult to solve in my study
gaining the respect of his students
A
Mark Temple，a medical molecular(分子的) biologist，used to spend a lot of time in his lab researching new drugs for cancer treatments.He would extract DNA from cells and then add a drug to see where it was binding(结合) along the chemical sequence(序列).
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了医学分子生物学家Mark Temple通过赋予DNA元素不同的音调而将DNA数据转化成声音，来帮助自己更好地进行研究。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Before he introduced the drug，he’d look at DNA combination on a screen to see what might work best for the experiment，but the visual readout of the sequences was often unimaginably large.
So Temple wondered if there was an easier way to detect favorable patterns.“I realized I wanted to hear the sequence，” says Temple，who is also a musician.He started his own system of assigning notes to the different elements of DNA—human DNA is made of four distinct bases，so it was easy to start off with four notes—and made a little tune out of his materials.This trick indeed helped him better spot patterns in the sequences，which allowed him to make better choices about which DNA combinations to use.
Temple isn’t the first person to turn scientific data into sound.In the past 40 years，researchers have gone from exploring this trick as a fun way to spot patterns in their studies to using it as a guide to discovery.And the scientific community has come to realize that there’s some long-term value in this type of work.Temple，who from that first experiment has created his own algorithmic software to turn data into sound，believes the resulting music can be used to improve research and science communication.
So Temple decided to add layers of sound to make the sonification(可听化) into songs.He sees a clear difference between “sonification” and “musification”.Using sound to represent data is scientific，but very different from using creative input to make songs.The musical notes from DNA may be melodic to the human ear，but they don’t sound like a song you’d listen to on the radio.So when he tried to sonify the virus，he added layers of drums and guitar，and had some musician friends add their own music to turn the virus into a full-blown post-rock song.
Temple sees this work as an effective communication tool that will help a general audience understand complex systems in biology.He has performed his songs in public at concert halls in Australia.
1.What is Mark Temple’s purpose in turning DNA data into sound
A.To aid the process of his experiments.
B.To develop his creative ability.
C.To make his drug more powerful.
D.To help him fight boredom.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Before he introduced the drug，he’d look at DNA combination on a screen to see what might work best for the experiment，but the visual readout of the sequences was often unimaginably large.”和第二段的“So Temple wondered if there was an easier way to detect favorable patterns...and made a little tune out of his materials.”可知，Temple将DNA数据转化为声音的目的是帮助自己进行实验。故选A。
解析
2.What can we learn about Temple’s system
A.Its effect remains to be seen.
B.It has produced satisfying results.
C.It is too complicated to operate.
D.It failed to work as expected.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段的“This trick indeed helped him better spot patterns in the sequences，which allowed him to make better choices about which DNA combinations to use.”可知，这个系统帮助他更好地发现了序列中的模式，使他能够更好地选择使用哪种DNA组合，所以他的研究系统产生了令人满意的效果。故选B。
解析
3.Why did Temple try to make the virus sound like real music when sonifying it
A.To enhance people’s understanding of science.
B.To show his talent in producing music.
C.To get rid of public fear of the virus.
D.To remind people of the role of science in art creation.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段的“So when he tried to sonify the virus，he added layers of drums and guitar，and had some musician friends add their own music to turn the virus into a full-blown post-rock song.”和最后一段的“Temple sees this work as an effective communication tool that will help a general audience understand complex systems in biology.”可知，在将病毒可听化时，Temple努力使病毒听起来更像真正的音乐是为了帮助大众更好地理解科学。故选A。
解析
4.What does the text mainly talk about
A.Why music can be the best way to present science.
B.How scientists help the public understand science.
C.Why scientists are turning molecules into music.
D.How music helps scientists conduct their research.
√
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Before he introduced the drug，he’d look at DNA combination on a screen to see what might work best for the experiment，but the visual readout of the sequences was often unimaginably large.”、第二段的“So Temple wondered if there was an easier way to detect favorable patterns.”、第三段、第四段的“So Temple decided to add layers of sound to make the sonification(可听化) into songs.”以及最后一段的“Temple sees this work as an effective communication tool that will help a general audience understand complex systems in biology.”可知，本文主要讲述了医学分子生物学家Mark Temple为什么将DNA数据转化为声音。故选C。
解析
B(此篇精读)
Ariel Procaccia has always been attracted by big questions and hard problems.When he was a teenager，Procaccia loved reading books about big ideas.One of his favorites was Fermat’s Last Theorem，
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Ariel Procaccia是一位热衷于解决复杂问题的计算机科学家，他开发了Spliddit.org等工具，利用算法实现公平分配，并认为计算机科学的真正价值在于改善人们的生活，而不仅仅是技术本身。
which tells the story of a math puzzle that remained unsolved for more than 300 years.Another book he enjoyed was A Brief History of Time，which explores deep questions about the universe.
By the time he went to college，Procaccia knew he wanted to study two of three things—math，computer science and physics.“But my dad is a physics professor，and it seemed strange to do the same thing he did，” Procaccia says.“So I chose the other two.”
Today，Procaccia is a computer scientist at Harvard University in Cambridge，Mass.There，he designs computer algorithms(算法) that can solve problems quickly and fairly.Through this work，Procaccia has been able to address① some big problems that directly affect people’s daily lives.
One of his favorite projects is Spliddit.org.It’s a free website that helps people divide things in a way that mathematically ensures fairness.For example，one of the apps on Spliddit is rent division.Say a few roommates rent an apartment and have different preferences② over rooms.The goal is to assign(分配) the rooms and divide the rent in a way that each roommate feels they got the best deal.Since Spliddit was started in 2014，it has been used by hundreds of thousands of people.
For those who think computer science is only about computers，Procaccia has a different view.He believes it is really about solving problems in the best way possible.He encourages people to explore it，even if they think they are not interested in computers.He says，“It’s not just about the machines；it’s about using them to make a real difference in people’s lives.”
5.What can we learn about Procaccia from the first paragraph
A.He has a curious mind.
B.He longed③ to be a teacher.
C.He was a quiet teenager.
D.He enjoys writing stories.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段中“When he was a teenager，Procaccia loved reading books about big ideas...which explores deep questions about the universe.”可知，Procaccia少年时期喜欢阅读关于重大思想的书籍，这些书涉及深奥的数学和宇宙问题，这体现了他具有强烈的好奇心。故选A项。
解析
6.Why did Procaccia study math and computer science in college
A.He accepted his father’s suggestion.
B.He failed to choose the subjects he loved.
C.He was unwilling④ to follow his father’s path.
D.He thought computer science was more popular.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“By the time he went to college，Procaccia knew he wanted to study two of three things—math，computer science and physics.‘But my dad is a physics professor，and it seemed strange to do the same thing he did，’ Procaccia says.‘So I chose the other two.’”可知，Procaccia之所以在大学里学习数学和计算机科学，是因为父亲是物理学教授，他不愿意重走父亲的职业道路。故选C项。
解析
7.What is the main purpose of the website Spliddit.org
A.To encourage students to explore math.
B.To share information on low-rent housing.
C.To help its users find suitable roommates.
D.To offer solutions to fair division problems.
细节理解题。根据第四段中“One of his favorite projects is Spliddit.org.It’s a free website that helps people divide things in a way that mathematically ensures fairness.”可知，该网站的主要目的是通过数学算法为公平分配问题提供解决方案。故选D项。
解析
√
8.What is Procaccia’s opinion about computer science
A.It is mainly about computers.
B.It aims to improve people’s daily lives.
C.It only draws⑤ college students.
D.It depends on future computer scientists.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“He believes it is really about solving problems in the best way possible.”和“It’s not just about the machines；it’s about using them to make a real difference in people’s lives.”可推知，Procaccia认为计算机科学的本质在于用最优方式解决问题，旨在改善人们的日常生活。故选B项。
解析
①address 熟义：n.地址　生义(文义)： v.______
②preference(派)＝prefer＋ence n.___________
③long 熟义：adj.长的　生义(文义)： v.______
④unwilling(派)＝un＋willing adj.__________
⑤draw 熟义：v.绘画　生义(文义)： v._____________
语境猜词
解决
偏爱，偏好
渴望
不愿意的
吸引，使注意
The goal is to assign the rooms and divide the rent in a way that each roommate feels they got the best deal.
分析：此句为 句。and连接两个to do不定式短语作 ，divide前省略了to，解释说明主语goal的内容；that引导 从句，修饰先行词way；they got the best deal为省略了that的 从句。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
句式分析
复合
表语
其目的是分配房间，并以每个室友都觉得最划算的方式分摊租金。
定语
宾语
One sunny afternoon，Wang Qing，a student at the Communication University of China，
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两个年轻人的故事，这两个年轻人的故事启发了越来越多的年轻人加入二手交易运动中来，倡导绿色、环保、经济的生活方式。
Ⅳ.完形填空
was walking on campus when her eyes were 1 to a cheongsam(旗袍) dress in a second-hand shop.
1.A.transported B.drawn
C.signaled D.brought
√
transport运输；draw吸引；signal打手势；bring带来。根据下文“Wang Qing the shop and gently touched the dress，feeling the history and culture behind it.”可知，王青走在校园里，突然一家二手商店里的一件旗袍吸引了她的目光。故选B项。
解析
Wang Qing 2 the shop and gently touched the dress，feeling the history and culture behind it.
2.A.broke into B.stepped into
C.looked over D.took over
√
break into破门而入；step into迈入；look over翻阅；take over接管。根据下文“gently touched the dress”可知，此处表示王青走进店里。故选B项。
解析
The dress was cheap but of excellent quality，perfectly in line with her shopping 3 ：valuing cost-effectiveness over 4 about buying second-hand things.She gladly bought the second-hand cheongsam dress and returned to her dormitory with joy.
3.A.list B.collection
C.philosophy D.basket
4.A.complaints B.concepts
C.guarantees D.concerns
√
√
3.list列表；collection收藏；philosophy哲学，生活的信条；basket篮子。根据下文“valuing cost-effectiveness over about buying second-hand things”可知，此处表示王青的购物理念。故选C项。
4.complaint抱怨；concept观念；guarantee保证；concern担心。根据上文“valuing cost-effectiveness”以及下文“She gladly bought the second-hand cheongsam dress and returned to her dormitory with joy.”可知，王青重视成本效益，而不是担心买到二手东西。故选D项。
解析
Actually，Wang Qing often found 5 items on second-hand platforms，saving money while 6 her needs.She also received textbooks from 7 who no longer needed them，preventing waste.
5.A.appealing B.moving
C.frightening D.puzzling
6.A.satisfying B.ignoring
C.understanding D.determining
7.A.classmates B.graduates
C.composers D.natives
√
√
√
5.appealing有吸引力的；moving令人感动的；frightening令人害怕的；puzzling令人困惑的。根据上文“when her eyes were to...”可知，王青经常在二手平台上找到吸引人的东西。故选A项。
6.satisfy满足；ignore忽略；understand理解；determine决定。根据上文“second-hand platforms”以及下文“her needs”可知，王青通过二手平台省钱同时满足她的需要。故选A项。
7.classmate同学；graduate毕业生；composer作曲家；native本地人。根据下文“who no longer needed them”以及常识可知，不再需要教科书的是毕业生。故选B项。
解析
Wang isn’t 8 .Zhang Yiming from Renmin University ventured into the world of second-hand trading by chance.He had a movie ticket but couldn’t attend due to a schedule change，so he decided to sell it.This experience 9 him to the joys of second-hand trading，leading him to 10 both online and offline options.
8.A.alone B.anxious
C.aware D.accessible
9.A.stimulated B.described
C.introduced D.recommended
10.A.export B.establish
C.explore D.estimate
√
√
√
8.alone独自的；anxious焦虑的；aware意识到的；accessible易接近的。根据下文“Zhang Yiming from Renmin University ventured into the world of second-hand trading by chance.”可知，王青并不是独自做这件事的人，还有很多人也像她一样。故选A项。
9.stimulate刺激；describe描述；introduce介绍，引进；recommend推荐。根据下文“the joys of second-hand trading”可知，这段经历给他带来了二手交易的乐趣。故选C项。
10.export出口；establish建立；explore探索；estimate评估。根据下文“both online and offline options”可知，这段经历促使他探索线上和线下的选择。故选C项。
解析
“In a seller’s 11 ，selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money in the 12 ，” Zhang said in an interview.
11.A.interest B.observation
C.imagination D.view
12.A.direction B.destination
C.form D.process
√
√
11.interest兴趣；observation观察；imagination想象；view观点。根据下文“selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money in the ”可知，“出售闲置的物品不仅可以防止浪费，还能赚到一些钱”是卖家的观点。故选D项。
12.direction方向；destination目的地；form形式；process过程。根据上文“selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money in the”以及常识可知，卖东西是一个可以赚钱的过程。故选D项。
解析
He believed that modern youths put more 13 on practicality，seeking 14 for money in their purchases.
13.A.pressure B.emphasis
C.blame D.limits
14.A.value B.deal
C.advice D.help
√
√
13.pressure压力；emphasis强调；blame责备；limit限制。根据下文“on practicality，seeking for money in their purchases”可知，许多年轻人购买二手商品，更看重的是实用性和价值型。故选B项。
14.value价值；deal交易；advice建议；help帮助。根据下文“for money in their purchases”以及常识可知，此处表示许多年轻人在购买中寻求物有所值。故选A项。
解析
The stories of these two young people 15 more and more young people to join the second-hand trading movement，promoting a green，eco-friendly，and economical lifestyle.
15.A.intended B.instructed
C.inspired D.invited
√
intend打算；instruct指导；inspire激励；invite邀请。根据下文“promoting a green，eco-friendly，and economical lifestyle”可知，两个年轻人的故事启发了越来越多的年轻人加入二手交易运动中来。故选C项。
解析
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