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【Article 1: Octopus: Masters of Disguise】
Have you ever wondered how octopuses hide so well in the ocean These clever creatures are masters of camouflage. They can change their color and even their shape in seconds to blend into their surroundings.
Octopuses have special cells in their skin called chromatophores. Each chromatophore holds a different color—red, yellow, brown, or black. When an octopus wants to hide, it contracts these cells to show the right color for its environment. For example, if it swims over a brown rock, it turns brown. If it moves to a bright coral reef, it becomes red or blue.
The octopus can also copy the shape of other sea animals. Sometimes it looks like a flounder (a flat fish) or a sea snake to trick enemies. Why To avoid predators like sharks and eels, or to sneak up on small fish for food.
Next time you watch an ocean documentary, look for these amazing animals. You’ll be shocked at how good they are at hiding!
Questions:
What special cells do octopuses have in their skin
How do octopuses use their shape-changing ability
What is the main idea of this passage
If you had the octopus’s camouflage ability, where would you use it first
Translation Task:
5."The octopus can even copy the shape of other sea animals, like a flounder or a sea snake to trick its enemies."
【题目分析与答案讲解】文章1：Octopus: Masters of Disguise
Q1: What special cells do octopuses have in their skin
答案：Chromatophores.
解析: 第二段明确提到“Octopuses have special cells in their skin called chromatophores.”，因此答案为chromatophores。
Q2: How do octopuses use their shape-changing ability
答案: To trick enemies (avoid predators like sharks and eels) or sneak up on small fish for food.
-解析: 第三段指出“Sometimes it looks like... to trick enemies. Why To avoid predators... or to sneak up on small fish for food.”，整合后即为答案。
Q3: What is the main idea of this passage
答案: Octopuses are masters of camouflage—they use color-changing (via chromatophores) and shape-changing abilities to hide from predators and catch food.
解析: 全文围绕章鱼的伪装技巧展开，第一段点明主题，第二段讲颜色变化，第三段讲形状变化，最后总结其伪装的神奇性，因此主旨需涵盖这两个核心能力及目的。
Q4: If you had the octopus’s camouflage ability, where would you use it first
答案: I would use it in a zoo to get close to my favorite animals (like pandas) without scaring them.
解析: A good answer should link the camouflage ability to a scenario where invisibility/hiding is useful (e.g., observing wildlife, playing hide-and-seek).
Q5: 翻译任务讲解
原文: "The octopus can even copy the shape of other sea animals, like a flounder or a sea snake to trick its enemies."
核心要点:
- "copy the shape": 模仿形状
- "flounder": 比目鱼（上下文提示“a flat fish”）
- "trick its enemies": 欺骗敌人
准确翻译: "章鱼甚至能模仿其他海洋动物的形状，比如比目鱼或海蛇来欺骗敌人。"
注意: 无需逐字直译“even”（此处表递进，译为“甚至”自然）；“like”引出例子，用“比如”衔接即可。
【Article 2: Plants That Help Each Other 】
Did you know some plants work with tiny living things to survive One example is the partnership between legumes and rhizobium bacteria.
Legumes are plants like beans, peas, and lentils. They have small bumps on their roots called nodules. Inside these nodules live rhizobium bacteria—tiny organisms that take nitrogen from the air and turn it into food for the plant. In return, the plant gives the bacteria sugar from its leaves.
This relationship helps both sides. The plant gets the nitrogen it needs to grow, and the bacteria get energy to live. Farmers love legumes because they make soil better for other crops (like wheat or corn). They often plant legumes first to improve the land.
Next time you eat beans, remember: they have a secret helper underground!
Questions:
What are legumes Name two examples.
What do rhizobium bacteria do for legumes
Why do farmers grow legumes
4. Think of another pair of living things that help each other. Explain briefly.
5.Translation Task:
"Inside these nodules live rhizobium bacteria, which can take nitrogen from the air and turn it into a form the plant can use."
【题目分析与答案讲解】 文章2：Plants That Help Each Other
Q1: What are legumes Name two examples.
答案: Legumes are plants like beans, peas, and lentils. Examples: beans and peas.
解析: 第二段首句明确给出定义及三个例子，任选两个即可。
Q2: What do rhizobium bacteria do for legumes
答案: They take nitrogen from the air and turn it into food for the plant.
解析:第二段提到“rhizobium bacteria—tiny organisms that take nitrogen from the air and turn it into food for the plant.”，直接对应答案。
Q3: Why do farmers grow legumes
答案: Because legumes make soil better for other crops (like wheat or corn).
解析: 第三段明确说“Farmers love legumes because they make soil better for other crops...”，因此答案正确。
Q4: Think of another pair of living things that help each other. Explain briefly.
答案: Clownfish and sea anemones. Clownfish get protection from the anemone’s stingers, and the anemone gets food scraps from the clownfish.
解析: A valid answer must show mutual benefit (both sides gain from the relationship).
Q5: 翻译任务讲解
原文: "Inside these nodules live rhizobium bacteria, which can take nitrogen from the air and turn it into a form the plant can use."
核心要点:
- "nodules": 根瘤（上下文提示“small bumps on their roots”）
- "rhizobium bacteria": 根瘤菌（术语，可直译）
- "turn it into a form the plant can use": 转化为植物可利用的形式
准确翻译: "这些根瘤里生活着根瘤菌，它们能从空气中吸收氮并将其转化为植物可以利用的形式。"
注意: 倒装句“Inside these nodules live...”译为“这些根瘤里生活着...”更符合中文表达习惯；定语从句“which can...”拆分后更流畅。
【Article 3: The Longest Journey of Birds 】
Every year, Arctic terns make one of the longest trips of any animal. These small birds (about the size of a pigeon) migrate from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back—over 40,000 kilometers a year!
Why do they travel so far In the Arctic summer, there’s lots of food like fish and insects. But when winter comes, the Arctic gets cold and dark. So the terns fly south to the Antarctic, where it’s summer and food is plentiful too.
How do they find their way Scientists think they use the sun and stars to navigate. They also have a strong sense of direction. Some terns fly over the ocean for days without stopping!
Arctic terns live for about 30 years. That means in their lifetime, they can fly to the moon and back—twice!
Questions:
How far do Arctic terns fly each year
Why do Arctic terns go to the Antarctic in winter
What helps Arctic terns navigate during migration
If you followed an Arctic tern, what would you most want to see on its journey
Translation Task:
"These small birds migrate from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back again—over 40,000 kilometers a year!"
【题目分析与答案讲解 】 文章3：The Longest Journey of Birds
Q1: How far do Arctic terns fly each year
答案: Over 40,000 kilometers.
解析: 第一段直接给出“migrate from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back—over 40,000 kilometers a year!”。
Q2: Why do Arctic terns go to the Antarctic in winter
答案: Because the Arctic gets cold and dark in winter, while the Antarctic has summer and plenty of food.
解析: 第二段提到“But when winter comes, the Arctic gets cold and dark. So the terns fly south to the Antarctic, where it’s summer and food is plentiful too.”，整合因果关系即可。
Q3: What helps Arctic terns navigate during migration
答案: The sun, stars, and a strong sense of direction.
解析: 第三段明确说“Scientists think they use the sun and stars to navigate. They also have a strong sense of direction.”。
Q4: If you followed an Arctic tern, what would you most want to see on its journey
答案: I would want to see the Antarctic icebergs and the way the tern flies over the ocean without stopping.
解析: A good answer should link to the tern’s journey (ocean, polar regions) and highlight unique, interesting scenes.
Q5: 翻译任务讲解
原文: "These small birds migrate from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back again—over 40,000 kilometers a year!"
核心要点:
- "migrate": 迁徙（科普术语）
- "back again": 再返回（强调往返）
准确翻译: "这些小鸟每年从北极迁徙到南极再返回——行程超过4万公里！"
注意: 破折号后的内容补充说明距离，中文保留破折号以保持原意。
【Article 4: Lights in the Dark Ocean】
The deep ocean is a dark place—no sunlight reaches there. But some animals have a secret: they make their own light! This is called bioluminescence. One such animal is the lanternfish.
Lanternfish are small (about 10 cm long) and live in the deep sea. They have tiny light organs on their bodies that glow blue or green.
Why do they glow Some use their lights to attract small fish to eat. Others use them to hide from bigger predators. For example, if a large fish swims above, the lanternfish glows to match the faint surface light—so the big fish can’t see it.
Scientists are still learning about bioluminescence. But one thing is clear: the deep ocean is full of amazing secrets!
Questions:
What is bioluminescence (Use the passage to answer)
How do lanternfish use their lights to catch food
Why do some lanternfish glow to match the surface light
What’s one thing you want to know about the deep ocean
Translation Task:
"Some lanternfish use their lights to attract small fish to eat, while others use them to hide from bigger animals."
【题目分析与答案讲解】 文章4：Lights in the Dark Ocean
Q1: What is bioluminescence (Use the passage to answer)
答案: It is the ability of some animals to make their own light.
解析:第一段明确说“they make their own light! This is called bioluminescence.”。
Q2: How do lanternfish use their lights to catch food
答案: They use their lights to attract small fish to eat.
解析: 第三段提到“Some use their lights to attract small fish to eat.”。
Q3: Why do some lanternfish glow to match the surface light
答案: To hide from bigger predators (so the big fish can’t see them).
解析: 第三段举例说明“If a large fish swims above, the lanternfish glows to match the faint surface light—so the big fish can’t see it.”，因此目的是躲避捕食者。
Q4: What’s one thing you want to know about the deep ocean
答案: I want to know how many more bioluminescent animals live in the deep ocean and what other secrets they have.
解析: A valid answer should focus on deep ocean mysteries (e.g., unknown species, unique abilities) related to the passage.
Q5: 翻译任务讲解
原文: "Some lanternfish use their lights to attract small fish to eat, while others use them to hide from bigger animals."
核心要点:
- "while others": 而另一些（表对比）
- "hide from bigger animals": 躲避更大的动物
准确翻译: "有些灯笼鱼用它们的光吸引小鱼来吃，而另一些则用这些光躲避更大的动物。"
注意: "while"表转折对比，译为“而另一些”更自然；重复代词“them”译为“这些光”避免歧义。

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