资源简介

(共73张PPT)
Unit 3　
War and peace
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
Achieving peace and development requires reducing and even eliminating violence and conflict,with an objective to foster long-lasting stability.To draw a blueprint for human prosperity,all countries in the world should participate actively.We young people should always be on standby and make full use of our collective strength and wisdom to create our own future.
实现和平与发展需要减少甚至消除暴力与冲突,其目的在于促进长期的稳定。为了绘制人类繁荣的蓝图,世界各国应当积极参与。我们年轻人应该随时待命,并充分利用我们集体的力量与智慧去创造我们自己的未来。
Starting out,Understanding ideas,
Using language
Part 1
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　　　 n.部队;军队
2. v.回想,回忆起
3. adv.勉强才能
4. adj.杰出的,优秀的
5. n.维持和平(的行动)
6. n.维和人员
7. n.冲突,摩擦
写作词汇
troop
recall
barely
outstanding
peacekeeping
peacekeeper
friction
1.allied　　　　　 adj.
2.code-name v.
3.tide n.
4.supreme adj.
5.commander n.
6.parachute n.
7.coastline n.
阅读词汇
(第二次世界大战)同盟国的
起代号为
潮水
最高的
指挥官,长官
降落伞
海岸线
8.drown v.
9.gunfire n.
10.amongst prep.
11.tank n.
12.solemn adj.
13.weary v.
14.condemn v.
15.uniform n.
(使)淹死
炮火
在……当中(=among)
坦克
严肃的,庄重的
(使)非常疲倦
迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地
制服
16.bomb v.
17.disarm v.
batant n.
19.weapon n.
20.ammunition n.
轰炸
解除武装
战斗人员
武器,兵器
弹药
拓展词汇
1. adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→violently adv.猛烈地;强烈地→violence n.暴力
2. n.(军队的)登陆→land v.着陆,登陆 n.陆地;土地
3. n.惊恐→horrible adj.令人震惊的;恐怖的→horribly adv.可怕地;非常地
4. n.目的,目标 adj.客观的→object n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.反对;不同意;不赞成→objection n.反对;异议
5. v.解放(城市、国家等)→liberation n.解放
violent
landing
horror
objective
liberate
6. adj.纪念的,追悼的→memorialise vt.纪念→memory n.记忆;回忆
7. n.稳固,稳定→stable adj.稳固的,稳定的→unstable adj.不稳固的,不稳定的;易变的→stably adv.稳固地,稳定地
8. n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→professional adj.专业的;职业的→profession n.职业,行业
memorial
stability
professionalism
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.be made up of　　　　　　
2.free...from...
3.be set for
4.have confidence in...
5.devotion to duty
6.nothing less than
7.ring in one’s ears
由……组成
使……免受……
(日期)定在……
对……有信心
忠于职守
彻底;简直是,完全是
在某人的耳边回响
8.at dawn
9.prepare for
10.make it
11.be seen widely as
12.meet up with
13.refer to...as...
14.civil war
在黎明
准备……;为……做准备
成功;达到预定目标
被广泛视为……
偶遇;碰面;符合标准
把……称作……
内战
15.warring parties
16.keep to one’s agreements
17.on standby
交战双方
遵守协议
待命
重点句型
1.Allied troops
were gathering in large numbers.(过去分词短语作定语)
由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的盟军正在大量聚集。
2.Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,
.(独立主格结构)
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers
the aim being to free north-west Europe from
German occupation
3. ,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.(with复合结构)
盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语,做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。
4.The enemy were hiding,
.(形容词短语作状语)
敌人藏身于各个地方,准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。
With these words ringing in their ears
ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they
reached land
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与社会——战争与和平
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:课文介绍了诺曼底登陆的背景、过程和历史意义,表达了对牺牲战士的缅怀。阅读本文有利于引导学生认识到战争的残酷与和平的重要性,意识到虽然身处和平年代,仍要居安思危、不忘过往,从而培养学生对和平的热爱。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
background
order
stage
outcome
memorial ceremony
outstanding
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What does the sentence “The tide has turned!” in Paragraph 2 suggest
[A]The tide has gone out.
[B]The tide was in Allied troops’ favour.
[C]The tide of the year 1944 was extraordinary.
[D]The tide tended to be severe.
B
(　　)2.Which one can be used to replace the phrase “make it” in Paragraph 4
[A]Set a time.
[B]Arrive in time.
[C]Successfully land on the beach.
[D]Produce.
C
(　　)3.What’s the main idea of the passage
[A]To introduce the D-Day landings which happened in 1944 and the 70th anniversary of it.
[B]To explain the cruelty of the war.
[C]To explain the injuries and deaths of the war.
[D]To remind people to remember history.
A
(　　)4.What can we learn about the poem in the passage
[A]It is written by a soldier who survived the D-Day landings.
[B]It introduces a famous British poet to us.
[C]It describes how the French beaches became a famous attraction.
[D]It tells us not to forget those who lost their lives in the D-Day landings.
D
(　　)5.How does the passage mainly develop
[A]By following space order.
[B]By following time order.
[C]By making classifications.
[D]By making comparisons.
B
二次开发·深研课文
▲
On 6 June 1944,during the Second World War,1.　　 　　(free) north-west Europe from German occupation,code-named “Operation Overlord”,the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history started.Allied troops 2.　　　　 (make) up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.With the commander’s order 3.　　　　 (ring) in their ears,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known 4.　　　　 D-Day.
to free
made
ringing
as
The 5.　　　 　 (fierce) fighting was at Omaha Beach.Although hundreds 6.　　 　 (lie) dead in the water,a few soldiers 7.　　　 　 (bare) made it with bombs falling all around.Despite the high cost in human life,the D-Day landings were 8.　 　 success.Paris was liberated and the Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany,9.　　　　 they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
fiercest
lay
barely
a
where
Nowadays,10.　　　 　 (survive) of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.
survivors
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.commander n.指挥官,长官
·command n.[C]命令;(计算机的)指令;[U]指挥;控制;(尤指对语言的)掌握;运用能力 v.指挥;命令;博得;赢得
·commanding adj.指挥的;威严的
[教材原句] An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read...
盟军最高司令艾森豪威尔将军在鼓舞军队士气时说道……
[例] The commander of the school’s debate team organised a successful competition.
学校辩论队的负责人组织了一场成功的比赛。
[例] (应用文写作之自荐信)I have a good command of English so I believe I can communicate with foreigners efficiently in English.
我的英语很好,所以我相信我可以用英语和外国人有效地交流。
have a good command/knowledge of=master
掌握/精通……(尤指语言)
归纳拓展
·command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that sb (should) do...命令某人(应该)做……
·at sb’s command 听候某人的吩咐;服从某人的支配
in command 负责;领导
in command of 指挥;控制;掌握
have a good command/knowledge of=master 掌握/精通……
(尤指语言)
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(话题写作之梦想追求)I want to become a flight 　 　　　(command) in the future.
The manager commanded his employees 　　 　　(finish) the project by the end of the week.
(应用文写作之建议信)We are supposed to learn Chinese well because
　　　　　　　 　　　 　　(精通……) Chinese means knowing more about our culture.
(话题写作之学校生活)　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　(老师的声音如此威严) that we couldn’t help but focus on the lesson.
commander
to finish
having a good command/knowledge of/mastering
The teacher’s voice was so commanding
语
境
串
词
He was a natural commander who knew how to command people effectively and let people obey his commands.
他是一个天生的指挥官,他知道如何有效地指挥人们,让人们服从他的命令。
2.objective n.目的,目标 adj.客观的
·object n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.不同意;不赞成;反对
·objection n.反对;异议
[教材原句] Their objective was clear:to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.
他们的目标十分明确:到达法国海岸线约80千米外的诺曼底海滩。
[例] (应用文写作之建议信)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyse your short and long term objectives,keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.
另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标,牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。
[例] (2024·北京卷)While he held the notion that objective reality exists,he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions.
虽然他认为客观现实是存在的,但他说,我们的大脑在构建和塑造我们的感知方面发挥着必要的作用。
[例] (应用文写作之建议信)I don’t object to occasional relaxation and entertainment,but I think we should keep it in moderation.
我并不反对偶尔的放松和娱乐,但我认为我们应该把握好度。
object to...反对……
归纳拓展
·with the objective/purpose/aim of...目的是……
·object to...反对……
object to (sb) doing sth 反对(某人)做某事
·raise/make/have an objection to (doing) sth
对(做)某事表示反对
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
He had a strong 　 　　　(object) to pretending to understand.
One shouldn’t always blame his failure on 　　　 　(object) conditions.
(应用文写作之倡议信)We organised this study group
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　(目的是帮助大家提高英语成绩).
objection
objective
with the objective/
purpose/aim of helping everyone improve their English grades
语
境
串
词
In the pursuit of learning,it’s crucial to maintain an objective stance,
evaluating each concept based on its merit rather than personal preference.
The objective of our study should be to acquire knowledge comprehensively.
在追求学习的过程中,保持客观的立场至关重要,我们应该基于每个概念的优点而非个人喜好来评价它们。我们学习的目标应当是全面获取知识。
3.prepare for为……做准备
·prepare v.准备;筹备
·preparation n.准备
·prepared adj.准备好的;愿意
[教材原句] But even in the depths of war,few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.
但就算是深陷战争,也很少有人能够做好准备,面对即将发生的残暴和恐怖。
be prepared for 为……做准备
[例] Before the exam, I spent a lot of time reviewing and preparing for it.
考试前,我花了大量时间复习,为考试做准备。
[例] I’m nervously preparing for tomorrow’s English speech,making sure I’m well-prepared.
为了明天的英语演讲,我正在紧张地准备中,确保自己准备好了。
[例] The school is about to hold a sports meeting,and everyone is actively engaged in preparations.
学校即将举行运动会,大家都在积极地进行各项准备工作。
in preparation for 为……做准备
归纳拓展
·prepare to do sth准备做某事
prepare sb for sth 使某人对某事做好准备
·in preparation for 为……做准备
make preparations for 为……做准备
·be prepared to do sth 愿意做某事
be prepared for 为……做准备
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
We need to be well prepared 　　　　 the upcoming final exam.
To enter my dream university,I am prepared 　　　 　(accept) any academic challenge.
We are searching for materials in the library in 　　 　(prepare) for writing our papers.
通过参加辩论俱乐部活动,我逐渐对公开演讲做好了准备,变得更加自信。
By participating in activities at the debate club,I
　　　　　　　　　　 and became more confident.
for
to accept
preparation
gradually prepared myself
for public speaking
4.refer to...as...把……称作……
[教材原句] Among the many horrors inflicted on humanity by the Second World War was the massive bombing of civilians,often referred to as “terror bombing”.
在第二次世界大战给人类带来的众多恐怖事件中,对平民的大规模轰炸,通常被称为“恐怖轰炸”。
[例] (2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典).
我的书桌上放着两本常用的参考书:一本是字典,另一本是同义词词典。
[例] (应用文写作之建议信/推荐信)Walking is widely referred to as an effective way to keep healthy.
散步被广泛认为是一种保持健康的有效方法。
reference n.提到;参考,查阅
be referred to as 被称作
[例] (应用文写作之节日介绍)Spring Festival is referred to as an occasion when families get together in China.
在中国,春节被认为是家人团聚的日子。
be referred to as 被称作
归纳拓展
·refer v.提到,谈及;涉及;查阅,参考
refer to 提到,谈及;参考,查阅;指的是
refer...to...将……送交给……
be referred to as 被称作
·reference n.提到;参考,查阅
in reference to 关于
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
Penny paper is a term that refers to papers made widely available to the public.　　　　　　　
When writing the report,she had to refer to several academic journals.
　　　　　　
Yesterday’s report referred to the successful satellite launch.
　　　　　　　
He plays basketball well and
(在他的班里被称为篮球专家).
指的是
查阅
提及,谈到
is referred to as a basketball expert in his class
重点句式
独立主格结构
▲
[教材原句] Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
[例] The test finished,we began our holiday.(名词+过去分词,表时间)
考试结束,我们的假期开始了。
[例] Lots of work to do,I have to work extra hours.(名词+不定式,表原因)
由于有很多工作要做,我不得不加班。
[例] Weather permitting,we’ll go sightseeing.(名词+现在分词,表条件)
如果天气允许的话,我们将去观光。
[例] The hostess came in,her face serious.(名词+形容词,表伴随)
女主人进来了,一脸严肃。
[例] The storm over,everything was in peace again.(名词+副词,表时间)
暴风雨过去了,一切又恢复了平静。
[例] He rushed into the classroom,book in hand.(名词+介词短语,表伴随)
他冲进教室,手里拿着一本书。
归纳拓展
独立主格结构:
·构成:逻辑主语(名词/代词)+分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短
语/名词。
·句法功能:往往作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。
·独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致。
[语境运用] 完成句子
(应用文写作之告知信)We have three large multi-media classrooms,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(每个教室都配备了最新的电脑).
(读后续写之情感描写)　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 (由于有大量文件要准备),the commander was anxious as if being on pins and needles.
(读后续写之神态描写)The new teacher came into the classroom,
　　　　　 　　　　(面带微笑).
each equipped with the newest computers
Lots of documents to prepare
a smile on his/her face
　　　　　　　　　(会议结束了),the teachers went out one by one.
　　　　　　　　　(由于他的腿严重受伤),he had to stay in bed.
The meeting over
His leg badly hurt
长难句分析
[教材原句] Although each year they are fewer in number,their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
尝试分析:本句为复合句,主句为their outstanding acts of courage mean, 为让步状语从句; 为宾语从句,充当谓语动词mean的宾语; 为who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词those。
自主翻译:虽然每年相聚的人越来越少,但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们,以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。
[语境运用] 情境写作
虽然他没有获得一等奖,但是他的勇气和决心表明他会继续努力,并且实现他小时候为自己定下的目标。
Although he didn’t win the first prize,his courage and determination showed that he would go on trying and achieve the goal that he set for himself as a little boy.
语法微专题3
主谓一致(1)
语法原句再现
Your enemy is well trained,well equipped and battle-hardened...
The enemy were hiding,ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.
Seventy years later,men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel,where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
请注意上述句中的黑体部分,判断是哪种语法现象。
语法知识点拨
主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。本单元侧重讲解集体名词作主语时的主谓一致问题。集体名词作主语时可大致归为以下三种情况。
1.有些名词,如people、cattle、police、trousers等没有单数形式,作主语时,谓语动词只能用复数形式。
His trousers were slightly short.
他的裤子有点儿短。
How many people were at the meeting
有多少人参加了会议
2.有些集体名词,如public、family、enemy、audience、government、group、committee、team、media、band、staff、crew等,作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其表示的意义而定。该名词表示一个整体时,其谓语动词用单数形式;表示集体中的若干个体时,谓语动词用复数形式。
A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.
充满热情的球队更有可能获胜。
My family are going with me.
我的家人将和我一起走。
3.有的集体名词,如clothing、poetry、luggage、furniture、machinery、scenery、jewellery、equipment等,通常只用作不可数名词,表示单数意义,用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
All their clothing is bright and attractive.
他们所有的衣服都颜色鲜艳,引人注目。
Most of their equipment has been shipped ahead of schedule.
他们的大部分设备已经提前运走了。
①英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时,应根据其表达的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式,这类名词常见的有sheep、deer、fish、means、species、aircraft、crossroads、headquarters、series等。
Every possible means has been used to improve my English.
为了提高我的英语,每一种可能的方法我都用过了。
温馨提示
②学科名词如maths,politics,physics等作主语时,谓语用单数形式;表示书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名、地名的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
To my surprise,physics is her favourite subject.
令我惊讶的是,物理学是她最喜欢的科目。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
Our family 　　　　(be) in this city for about sixteen years and my family 　　　　(be) all fond of music.
The medical team,which 　　 　　(consist) of five doctors and ten nurses,is to be sent to the flood-stricken area.
After listening to his speech,the audience 　　 　　(inspire) by his story.
Shortly after the accident,the police 　　　　(be) sent to keep order.
Our clothing 　 　　　(protect) us against the cold.
A sheep 　　　　(be) eating grass when I passed by it.
has been
are
consists
were inspired
were
protects
was
真题体验
1.(2024· 浙江1月卷)That’s the local stage writing team that 　　 (create) many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals,along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,
team表示一个整体,根据上文可知,应用一般现在时。故填creates。
creates
2.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The key finding of the study was that when crowds 　　　　 further 　　　　(divide) into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此处为一般过去时;crowds和divide之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语crowds为复数含义。故填were、divided。
were
divided
3.(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years,people 　　　 　 (tell) fables (寓言) to teach a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,本句描述的是已经发生的事情,根据时间状语“For thousands of years”可知,应用现在完成时,且主语为people,在此处表达复数概念。故填have told。
have told
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The rescue team 　　　　(be) considering what they can do for the people suffering from the snow storm.
2.The audience 　　 　　(be) so large that the spacious hall was filled to capacity.
3.The public　　　　 (be) the best judge because the public always
　　　 　(express) their thoughts correctly.
4.All the clothing 　 　　　(donate) by people around our country.
are
was
is
express
is donated
5.At first my family 　　 　　(be) worried about my going on a diet,but now they think I can choose to do this as long as it doesn’t harm my health.
6.The whole class 　　 　　(be) told to stay behind after school yesterday afternoon.
7.On the whole,the public 　　　　(be) for the reform about education.
8.The police 　　　　(be) looking into the case now.
9.A number of people rushed into the supermarket when the goods
　　　　(be) sold at a discount.
were
was/were
are/is
are
were
Ⅱ.语篇填空
　　My neighbour’s new house is so beautiful and all the rooms 1.
(decorate) in an elegant style.It took them nearly five months to complete the decoration of the house.All the furniture 2.　　 　　(select) carefully by his parents.The walls 3.　　 　　(paint) light blue,a colour that can make people relaxed,because his family 4.　　　　(be) fond of the colour.His brother’s clothing 5.　　　　(be) very up to date,and as a matter of fact,he is a singer and his audience 6.　 　　　(be) mainly young people.Last year,his brother
7.　　　 　(invite) to sing a song at our class’s New Year Party,and all our class 8.　　 　　(impress) by his performance.
are decorated
was selected
are painted
are
is
are
was invited
were impressed(共22张PPT)
Unit 3　课时作业(二)
(分值:45.5分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共7题;每题1.5分,共10.5分)
1.Although horses,sheep and pigs sometimes are affected by this disease,
cattle 　　　　 (be) the most frequent animal victims.
2.A group of sheep 　　　　 (be) eating grass and leaves at the foot of the hill.
3.The class 　　　　(be) very excited about the upcoming field trip.
4.The young couple 　 　　　(quarrel) with each other now.
are
are
are
are quarreling
5.The committee 　　　　(be) made up of 20 members who 　　　　 (be) experts in medicine.
6.The rescue team 　　　 　(lead) by an expert local guide and arrived at the remote area.
7.The crew of the wrecked yacht 　　　 　(pick) up by rescue workers, some of whom were slightly injured.
is
are
was led
were picked
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.在过去的两年里,这些毕业生已经研发出了一些先进的设备。(equipment)
2.令老师高兴的是,最近几个月全班学生的作业都做得非常出色。(class)
Some advanced equipment has been developed by these graduates in the
past two years.
To the teacher’s delight, all the class have done their homework exceptionally
well in recent months.
3.每一代人都有自己的价值观。(generation)
4.昨晚我们中的一些人被邀请去史密斯先生的聚会。(group)
Each generation has its own values.
A group of us were invited to Mr Smith’s party last night.
5.政府因在污染防治中采取了积极有效的措施而得到了公众的认可。(government)
Having taken the active and effective measures in the pollution prevention,
the government was acknowledged by the public.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
War can be deadly for wildlife.A new study reports that war is the biggest threat to Africa’s elephants,rhinoceroses,and other animals.Researchers examined how years of conflict in Africa have affected the populations of large animals.More than 70 per cent of Africa’s protected wildlife areas have been within a war zone at some point in the last 70 years.“The more frequent the fighting is,the greater the drop in animal populations will be,”said Daskin,an ecologist at Yale University.He was the lead author of the study,which was published in a famous journal.
“It takes very little conflict,as much as one conflict in about 20 years,for the average wildlife population to decline,” Daskin said.“Areas with frequent fighting—but not necessarily the bloodiest fighting—lose 35 per cent of their large animal populations during each year of war.”
“Some animals get killed by weapons of war.Yet,many also die because of changes in social and economic conditions in an area as a result of war,” said Rob Pringle.He is an ecologist at Princeton University and the study’s co-author.
“People in and around war zones are poorer and hungrier.So they may begin to hunt protected animals to eat,” Pringle said.“And during wartime,animal conservation programmes do not have as much money or power to protect wildlife as during peacetime.”
The new study examined the entire African continent over 65 years.The researchers looked at 10 different factors that could change the populations of animals.They included war,drought,the size of the animals,protected areas and human population density.The number of wars had the biggest effect on the wildlife population.The intensity of the wars—measured in the number of human deaths—had the least effect on animals.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了战争给野生动物带来的致命伤害和严重影响。
(　　)1.Which is the most dangerous to Africa’s animals
[A]Hunting.
[B]War.
[C]Drought.
[D]The economy.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“War can be deadly for wildlife.A new...other animals.”可知,对于非洲的动物来说,战争是最大的危险因素。故选B。
(　　)2.What can we know about the animals in Africa
[A]More than 70 per cent of animals live in a war zone.
[B]Little conflict has no effect on animal populations.
[C]The more frequent the fighting is,the fewer animals there will be.
[D]35 per cent of animals die each year because of war.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中Daskin所说的话可知,战争越频繁,动物的数量就越少。故选C。
(　　)3.Which one of the following is NOT the reason why animals die in the war
[A]Being killed by the weapons.
[B]Being killed by poor and hungry people.
[C]The loss of their habitats.
[D]The lack of money or power to protect them.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知,一些动物被战争中的武器杀死,故排除A;根据第三段第四、五句可知,动物在战争中死亡的另一个原因是贫困而又饥饿的人们捕猎受保护的动物作为食物,故排除B;根据第三段最后一句可知,引发动物死亡的原因还有战争时期缺乏财力和能力保护野生动物,故排除D。故选C。
(　　)4.Which one of the following has the least influence on the wildlife population
[A]The intensity of the wars.
[B]Protected areas.
[C]The number of wars.
[D]The size of the animals.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,战争的强度对于野生动物的数量影响最小。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　It’s 1812 in Moscow.Napoleon has invaded Russia,and his troops get nearer to 1.　　　　 city every day. Emperor Alexander Ⅰ has left Moscow behind,and its inhabitants aren’t certain of what to do next. In the
2.　　　　 (absent) of an authority figure 3.　　 　　 knows what he is doing,the people of Moscow just decide 4.　　 　　 (have) a good time.
This story is depicted (描绘) by the prominent author Leo Tolstoy in his novel War and Peace.
the
absence
who/that
to have
As I read,I felt like I could see why Tolstoy’s writing in War and Peace continued to influence film and television. He writes from one character’s point of view until a 5.　 　　　(differ) major character emerges and then gives the narrative.
Dramatising the ways the small actions of lots of people add up to a major impact 6.　 　 (be) difficult.Tolstoy’s solution is outstanding. Instead of 7.　　　 　 (describe) the long sweep of history,he portrays the lives of ordinary people in the face 8.　　　　 wartime.
different
is
describing
of
War and Peace has a great many 9.　　　　(theme),but its central one might be:we are all people.Nothing is certain,but it is. And that is when things change,for 10.　　 　　 (good) or for worse.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章是列夫·托尔斯泰的长篇小说《战争与和平》的书评。
themes
better
1.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查冠词。分析句意可知,此处表示特指,指代上文中提到的Moscow。故填the。
2.【答案】 absence
【解析】 考查名词。in the absence of为固定搭配,意为“缺乏……”。故填absence。
3.【答案】 who/that
【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词an authority figure,指人,且在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
4.【答案】 to have
【解析】 考查固定搭配。decide to do sth 意为“决定做某事”。故填to have。
5.【答案】 different
【解析】 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词character,应用形容词形式。故填different。
6.【答案】 is
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,此处是对客观事实的描述,应用一般现在时,且主语是动名词短语Dramatising the ways。故填is。
7.【答案】 describing
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词of的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填describing。
8.【答案】 of
【解析】 考查介词。in the face of 意为“面对……”。故填of。
9.【答案】 themes
【解析】 考查名词复数。theme是可数名词,其前有a great many修饰,应用复数形式。故填themes。
10.【答案】 better
【解析】 考查固定搭配。for better or for worse为固定搭配,意为“无论好坏,不管怎样”。故填better。(共33张PPT)
Unit 3　课时作业(四)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.memorial
(分值:52.5分)
单元知识综合练
A.n.纪念碑　B.adj.纪念的,追悼的　C.n.纪念物
①The painting will be a lasting memorial to a remarkable woman.　　　
②The town raised a memorial to those killed in the war.　　　
③This is a memorial service in the dead man’s honour.　　　
C
A
B
2.sum
A.v.概括　B.n.总和　C.n.金额
①We can sum up the main point of the lesson in three sentences.　　　
②The sums of money involved in the trade are potentially huge.　　　
③Cultural environment is the sum of human existence and social development.　　　
A
C
B
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
①Through science we’ve got the idea of associating progress with the future.　　　　　　　
②You will feel energetic and delighted when you associate with positive people.　　　　　　　
③I got a new job and a new group of work associates.　　　　　　　
④He is an associate editor of the newspaper.　　　　　　　
联系
交往
同事
副的
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Since the day of its birth,the United Nations has been the subject of much debate.1.　　 　 Others think that it is too weak.We can better understand the debate if we learn more about the UN and its history.
G
The UN was started for two reasons.First,when the idea was born,
people all over the world were tired of war.They felt that there must be peaceful answers to the world’s problems.2.　　　 The second reason was that new bombs and airplanes had been developed because of modern science.3.　　 　 National borders were beginning to lose their meanings.
Science would develop even more dangerous weapons in the future.Only an international organisation would be able to control this threat.
E
F
Leaders at the time believed that the Allies (同盟国) should plan for peace before the war ended.In 1943,they agreed to start an organisation for world peace.4.　　
During the next year and a half,the idea of such an organisation was debated around the world.Then came the big day.On 25 April 1945,the first international meeting of the United Nations took place in San Francisco.
The goal of the meeting was to write the UN Charter (《联合国宪章》).All of the fifty nations at the meeting had their own ideas to offer for the Charter.5.　　　 Every nation present voted for the Charter.No one voted against it.
C
A
A.After a long debate,a final Charter was agreed upon.
B.The UN Charter is a beautiful piece of writing.
C.All countries were invited,large and small,to join the organisation.
D.Even the smallest country on earth can have its voice heard.
E.They also felt that only an international organisation could keep world peace.
F.These weapons made it almost impossible for a country to defend itself.
G.Some people attack the organisation because they think it is too powerful.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了联合国成立的历史背景和经过。
1.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据上文提到联合国一直饱受争议及下文提到其他人觉得它太弱了可知,G项能够起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
2.【答案】 E
【解析】 上文提到,联合国成立的原因之一是人们厌倦了战争,所以想用和平的手段来解决世界问题,E项刚好能够进一步解释说明联合国成立的这一原因——人类对和平的向往。故选E。
3.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据语境可知,新的炸弹和飞机的发明使国界开始失去意义,因此各个国家都难以保护自己,F项中的These weapons和空前的new bombs and airplanes相呼应。故选F。
4.【答案】 C
【解析】 上文提到领导人们同意为了世界和平建立一个国际组织,因此邀请所有国家加入这个组织,下一段中的All of the fifty nations也是提示。故选C。
5.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据设空处后两句可知,没有国家投反对票,因此各国对该宪章达成了一致。故选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
When she was 13,Giorgia began to suffer a severe skin disorder.It started out on her arms and face and continued to 　1　.Soon the angry,red rash (皮疹) covered nearly 97% of her body at times and could be extremely uncomfortable.
But for Giorgia,the most pain was 　2　 she was treated by others simply because of her physical appearance.People would stop and stare at her in the street,as if she was 　3　.She felt so self-conscious about the condition that it was 　4　 her life.
That seemed 　5　 enough on its own.Giorgia also unexpectedly lost her father.She felt like her world went to 　6　.They were so close when she was growing up,and she couldn’t 　7　 losing him.
Fortunately,Giorgia had a strong and beautiful spirit inside.She realised she had a 　8　:she could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 　9　 to love herself and the way she was made.Giorgia 　10　 her body and decided she’d no longer try to 　11　 her skin.It was part of her.
She started a photo series 　12　,displaying her natural self.She hopes that others struggling with their body image will gain 　13　 and inspiration from the pictures she shares.“We might have 　14　 that make us look different from other women,but we are still beautiful.I know my dad would be proud of me for my 　15　.Now I’ve come to terms with my disease,and I want to help others do the same.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了得皮肤病的女孩Giorgia积极对抗疾病、接纳自我的故事。
(　　)1.
D
【解析】 根据第一段中的started out on her arms and face以及covered nearly 97% of her body可知,皮疹扩散(spread)了。故选D。
[A]flash
[B]decline
[C]bother
[D]spread
(　　)2.
B
【解析】 根据设空处后文内容可知,令Giorgia最痛苦的是别人对待她的方式——停下来盯着她看。所以应用能表达方式、方法的how引导表语从句。故选B。
[A]why
[B]how
[C]when
[D]whether
(　　)3.
A
【解析】 根据文中人们的行为以及“She felt so self-conscious”可知,别人看到她的反应是不好的,故此处应用贬义词,disgusting意为“令人厌恶的”。故选A。
[A]disgusting
[B]precious
[C]interesting
[D]complex
(　　)4.
B
【解析】 因为“self-conscious(不自在的)”是消极情绪,所以她的生活应该是受到了消极影响,ruining意为“正在毁掉”。故选B。
[A]closing
[B]ruining
[C]leading
[D]wasting
(　　)5.
D
[A]dangerous
[B]fantastic
[C]familiar
[D]stressful
【解析】 Giorgia脸上和身上有皮疹,这件事对于她来说已经充满压力(stressful)了,更加令她崩溃的是,和她关系一向非常亲密的父亲去世了。故选D。
(　　)6.
A
【解析】 父亲去世,Giorgia觉得自己的世界崩塌了。go to pieces是固定搭配,意为“崩溃,破成碎片”。故选A。
[A]pieces
[B]parts
[C]bits
[D]blocks
(　　)7.
C
【解析】 句中讲到Giorgia和父亲的关系很亲密,由此可知父亲对她的重要性,所以她难以忍受(bear)父亲的离世。故选C。
[A]mind
[B]admit
[C]bear
[D]risk
(　　)8.
B
【解析】 根据后文中or连接的两个选项——逃避畏缩与乐观面对可知,她有对生活态度的选择权(choice)。故选B。
[A]plan
[B]choice
[C]duty
[D]promise
(　　)9.
D
【解析】 此处应与前文的shrink back相对应。即使她有皮肤病,她也可以找到勇气(courage)去爱自己。故选D。
[A]truth
[B]priority
[C]support
[D]courage
(　　)10.
C
【解析】 根据后文“It was part of her.”可知,她认为这是她自己的一部分,表明她接受(accepted)了自己的样子。故选C。
[A]controlled
[B]destroyed
[C]accepted
[D]examined
(　　)11.
A
【解析】 她已经接受了自己的样子,所以此处指她不再想尽一切办法遮盖(cover up)自己的皮肤了。故选A。
[A]cover up
[B]get under
[C]take off
[D]break down
(　　)12.
D
【解析】 根据前文可知,Giorgia决定接受得了皮肤病的自己,所以此处指她勇敢地(bravely)展示自己真实皮肤的照片。故选D。
[A]regrettably
[B]gratefully
[C]seriously
[D]bravely
(　　)13.
B
【解析】 设空处应选一个意思和inspiration相近的词,strength符合语境。她希望那些同样苦于自己形象的人,能够通过看到她分享的照片得到力量(strength)与鼓舞。故选B。
[A]knowledge
[B]strength
[C]ability
[D]experience
(　　)14.
A
【解析】 根据前文“She felt so self-conscious about the condition that it was 　4　 her life.”可知,此处是condition的原词复现。故选A。
[A]conditions
[B]affairs
[C]elements
[D]qualities
(　　)15.
C
【解析】 本文没有侧重于她的梦想、善良和大方,而是在赞扬她积极面对生活、乐观接受自己的态度(attitude)。故选C。
[A]dream
[B]kindness
[C]attitude
[D]generosity
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
请你根据下面的人物信息提示,用英语写一篇介绍战斗英雄的文章。
董存瑞,1929年出生于河北省怀来县的一个农民家庭。13岁时,被当地人民称为“抗日小英雄”;1945年参军,因多次立功被批准提前入党;在1948年解放隆化县的战斗中英勇牺牲。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Dong Cunrui,an anti-Japanese hero,was born into a peasant family in Huailai County,Hebei Province in 1929.Brave and smart,at the age of 13,he was referred to as the “little anti-Japanese hero” by the local people.
Having joined the army in 1945,Dong Cunrui was permitted to join the Communist Party of China in advance before he was 18 years old due to his many excellent deeds.In 1948,he sacrificed himself in the battle of liberating Longhua County.
Dong Cunrui is a hero who devoted his life to our motherland.He will live in our hearts forever.(共17张PPT)
Unit 3　课时作业(三)
(分值:40分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.Bus services will be 　　　　 (扰乱) tomorrow because of the bridge closure.
2.Good eating habits help to 　　　 　 (加强) the body against diseases.
3.The architect presented a detailed 　　　 　(蓝图) for the new library, outlining its design and layout.
4.His engaging personality made him popular with his 　 　　　 (同龄人).
disrupted
fortify
blueprint
peers
5.Despite facing numerous challenges, he never 　　　 　(逃避) his responsibilities and always gave his best effort.
6.We celebrated our tenth 　　　 　(周年纪念日) by taking a trip to the place where we first met.
7.A few chickens were scratching around in the yard for　　　 　(谷物,粮食).
8.The town decided to 　 　　　(为……举行纪念活动) its founding with a grand parade and fireworks display.
shirked
anniversary
grain
commemorate
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.The students return in October for the start of the new
(academy) year.
2.We sometimes tend to overlook some significant events emerging
　　　　 the Internet.
3.I think we should figure out some ways to stop people from polluting the river and call on them to fight 　　 　　 pollution.
4.The 　　 　　(associate) between regular exercise and improved mental health has been well-documented in numerous studies.
academic
from
against
association
5.The award of the Nobel Prize has crowned a　　　　 (glory) career in physics.
6.Due to her talent in art, she is referred to 　　 a future artist by everyone in school.
7.She is a 　　　 　(dedication) teacher who always goes above and beyond to help her students succeed.
8.To achieve our ambitious goal,we should make full use of our
(collect) wisdom.
glorious
as
dedicated
collective
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.当她听到儿子被他梦想的大学录取的消息时,脸上洋溢着喜悦。(light up)
2.只有当我们失去某物的时候,我们才知道我们应该珍惜它。(Only when...)
Her face lit up with pleasure when she heard the news that her son was
admitted to his dream university.
Only when we lose something will we know we should value it.
3.如果你现在逃避责任,你以后一定会后悔的。(shirk one’s duty)
4.她努力学习,为自己以后的学习打下基础。(lay the foundation for)
If you shirk your duty now,you’ll definitely regret later.
She works hard and lays the foundation for her future study.
5.她经常参加英语辩论赛,难怪她的英语口语表达能力这么强。 (it is no wonder that)
It is no wonder that her English speaking ability is so strong, considering
she often participates in English debate competitions.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Is war unavoidable Can war be prevented
History tells that there were wars,great or small,in every century,in every decade.Throughout the ages,from the Stone Age to the Atomic Age,men have been fighting,first with swords and shields (盾),then with guns and cannons,and now,hydrogen bombs and missiles (导弹) are used for military purposes.But,in spite of all these,it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won,but it requires the effort of every one of us.
I am sure that we would not like to experience another world war.If it ever happens,two-thirds of the world and much of the civilisation which men have gained through time,patience and efforts will be destroyed.Will then the remaining one-third of the world be able to survive on its own
Our task now is not to blame the past,but to plan for the future.
If there is peace in the world,men can use their rockets to explore the mystery of space,their submarines to explore the depth of the sea,their missiles to deliver mails and their fine equipment to penetrate the jungles of Africa,instead of using them for military.
Governments can use their money to build more schools,so that more children can be educated to be useful citizens.Scientists can use atomic energy to power steamships and planes.They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of living of the people.
How can a peaceful world be achieved It requires,in my opinion,the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.Let no one suffer discrimination (歧视) by reasons of colour,race,religion,or national origin.Let the rich support the poor and the strong help the weak.
We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or a month.It may even take decades or centuries.But let us plan and begin now.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了战争发生的可能性以及为了实现和平我们该如何做。
(　　)1.In the author’s opinion,which one is correct
[A]It is too difficult to achieve peace.
[B]Peace can be won through the efforts of all human beings.
[C]Another world war is inevitable.
[D]Wars will always exist in the world.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“it is still my belief...of every one of us”以及倒数第二段中的“It requires...all people from all nations.”可知,作者认为通过全人类的努力可以实现和平。故选B。
(　　)2.What can we infer from the passage
[A]Wars were not expensive in the past.
[B]Wars can promote the development of weapons.
[C]Things for military use can be transformed to peaceful use.
[D]As long as there are wars,people’s way of living cannot be improved.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。结合第五段内容可知,用于军事用途的设备可转变成用于和平用途。故选C。
(　　)3.Which word can best describe the author’s picture of the future world
[A]Optimistic.
[B]Pessimistic.
[C]Imaginative.
[D]Disappointing.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it is still my belief... can be won”和全文内容可知,作者对未来的世界持乐观态度。故选A。
(　　)4.What’s the best title for this passage
[A]The Past and the Future
[B]To Die or to Survive
[C]War and Peace
[D]Understanding and Friendship
C
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章主要论述了战争发生的可能性以及为了实现和平我们该如何做。因此C项最适合作本文标题。故选C。(共84张PPT)
Developing ideas,
Presenting ideas,Reflection
Part 2
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　　　 v.出现
2. n.同龄人;同辈
3. n.代表
4. n.周年纪念日
5. n.金额,款项
6. n.谷物,粮食
写作词汇
emerge
peer
representative
anniversary
sum
grain
1.sardine　　　　　 n.
2.dire adj.
3.disrupt v.
4.daunting adj.
5.fortify v.
6.shirk v.
7.depict v.
阅读词汇
沙丁鱼
极其严重的
扰乱
吓人的,使人气馁的
激励,加强
逃避
描述,描写
8.breeze n.
9.crowning adj.
10.prominent adj.
11.commemorate v.
12.reaffirm v.
13.blueprint n.
微风
使圆满的,使完美的
著名的,杰出的
庆祝,为……举行纪念活动
重申,再次确定
蓝图
拓展词汇
1. adj.学术的→academically adv.学术上;学业上
2. n.侵略→aggressive adj.好斗的;挑衅的;侵略的
3. adj.智力的,脑力的→intellect n.(尤指高等的)智力,思维逻辑领悟力;才智超群的人
4. adj.联合的→associate v.联系;联想→association n.联合;协会;关联
5. adj.简单的;粗糙的→roughly adv.粗糙地;大约→roughness n.粗糙
academic
aggression
intellectual
associated
rough
6. n.侵略者,侵略军→invade v.侵略;武装入侵→invasion n.武装入侵;侵略;侵犯
7. adj.多雾的→mist n.轻雾;薄雾
8. n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事→glorious adj.光荣的;辉煌的;荣耀的→
gloriously adv.光荣地;辉煌地
9. n.奉献→dedicate v.致力于,献身于
10. adj.集体的;共同的→collect v.收集;收藏→collection n.(常指同类的)收集物,收藏品
11. adj.有关的,切题的→irrelevant adj.无关的→relevantly adv.贴切地→relevance n.紧密相关;切题
invader
misty
glory
dedication
collective
relevant
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.be known as　　　　　　
2.light up
3.due to
4.lay the foundation for
5.hold sth down
6.blow away
作为……而出名
照亮
由于
为……打下基础;奠定了……的基础
压住……,抑制……
刮走
7.shirk one’s duty
8.a sense of commitment
9.serve as
10.a large sum/number of
11.break through
12.fight on
13.a hail of
逃避责任
责任感;献身精神
充当,担任;起……的作用
许多;大量
突破
继续战斗
一阵
重点句型
1.Real war is never romantic .
(as引导原因状语从句)
真正的战争从来不是浪漫的,因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。
as it brings suffering and immense challenges
2. ,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.(it is no wonder that;if条件句的省略)
难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出
身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主,物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
It is no wonder that many,if not most
3.“On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the desk,
,” he said.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
“在刮风的日子里,我们不得不把纸按在桌子上,否则纸就会被风吹走。”
他说。
4. ,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.(过去分词短语作状语)
在献身精神的驱使下,许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者,保卫国家的荣誉。
which would
otherwise be blown away
Driven by a sense of commitment
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与社会——联大的历史
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:文章通过介绍联大成立的时间、历史背景以及对中国发展做出的贡献,突出了联大师生救亡图存、为民族独立勇于献身的精神。阅读本文有利于新一代青年学习他们的精神品质,为民族复兴而努力奋斗。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
what is real war
founding
conditions
contributions
glory
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What does the word “epic” in the third paragraph mean
[A]Brave.
[B]Impressive.
[C]Large.
[D]Long and difficult.
D
(　　)2.What can we infer about the students at Lianda
[A]They were scared of war and hoped to find a safe place to go on their study.
[B]They shirked their duty and didn’t want to get involved in the war.
[C]They were full of passion,belief and commitment.
[D]They felt proud of themselves and wanted to go abroad for further study.
C
(　　)3.What did Yang Zhenning think of the days when he was learning in Lianda
[A]Tough but worthy.
[B]Interesting and relaxing.
[C]Hard and disappointing.
[D]Enjoyable and priceless.
A
(　　)4.Why has Lianda become the crowning glory of China’s modern universities
[A]Because of a product of the war.
[B]Because of its strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.
[C]Because of its collective memory.
[D]Because of the honour of the nation.
B
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.emerge v.出现;显现
·emergence n.出现;显现
·emergent adj.新兴的;处于发展初期的
·emergency n.突发事件;紧急情况
[教材原句] It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主,物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
[例] (读后续写之环境描写)The sun emerged from behind the clouds.
太阳从云层后面出现。
[例] A wonderful idea emerged in my mind.
我的脑海里浮现出一个绝妙的想法。
emerge from sth (从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;(从困境
或苦难经历中)幸存下来;摆脱
归纳拓展
·emerge from sth (从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;(从困境或苦难经历中)幸存下来;摆脱
emerge as 作为……脱颖而出/出现;崭露头角;成为
·a state of emergency 紧急状态
in an emergency 紧急情况下
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
In the field of science,there are many 　　 　　(emerge) theories and discoveries.
During the storm,the mayor declared a state of 　　　 　(emerge) and ordered all residents to stay indoors.
As the morning fog disappeared,the picturesque village
　 　(从雾霭中显露出来),revealing colourful roofs and cobblestone streets.
Despite the initial challenges,the startup 　　　　 　　　(成为了) a successful business within a few years.
emergent
emergency
emerged from its
mist
emerged as
2.honour n.荣誉;名誉;荣幸;尊敬 vt.尊敬;给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)
·honoured adj.光荣的,荣幸的
·honourable adj.可敬的;值得钦佩的;品格高尚的;体面的
[教材原句] Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
在献身精神的驱使下,许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者,保卫国家的荣誉。
[例] (应用文写作之人物介绍)He was an honourable man who always kept his word.
他是一个信守承诺的可敬之人。
[例] The monument was built in honour of the soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the country.
建这座纪念碑是为了纪念为国牺牲的战士们。
in honour of 为向……表示敬意;为了纪念
归纳拓展
·in honour of 为向……表示敬意;为了纪念
have the honour of sth/of doing sth(=have the honour to do sth) 得到某殊荣/有幸做某事
It is an honour (for sb) to do...(=It is sb’s honour to do...) (对某人来说)做……是一种荣幸
·honour sb with sth 以某事(物)向某人表示敬意;以某事(物)表扬/奖励某人
·be honoured for...因……而受到尊敬/表扬
be/feel honoured that 因……而感到荣幸
be/feel honoured to do sth 感到荣幸做某事
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子/翻译句子
The 　　　　 (honour) receiver of the award dedicated her life to helping the less fortunate.
这颗新发现的恒星以一位中国天文学家的名字命名,以表彰他对天文学的贡献。
The newly-discovered star was named after a Chinese astronomer
　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　.
honourable
in honour of his contribution to astronomy
(应用文写作之演讲稿)被邀请来参加我们学校的百年校庆,我感到很荣幸。(feel honoured to do/it is an honour to do)
I feel honoured to be invited to attend the 100th anniversary of our school./
It is an honour for me to be invited to attend the 100th anniversary of our school.
3.representative n.代表;代表性人物 adj.典型的;有代表性的
·represent v.代表;象征;展示;描绘;体现
[教材原句] In 2017,representatives from Peking University,Tsinghua University,Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding.
2017年,北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一
堂,共同纪念联大建校80周年。
[例] During the class meeting, I was chosen as the representative for this event, responsible for communicating with other classes.
在班会上,我被选为这次活动的代表,负责与其他班级沟通。
[例] (话题写作之学校生活)At the school art festival, this painting represents the creativity and talent of our class.
在学校艺术节上,这幅画代表了我们班的创意和才华。
归纳拓展
·represent sb/sth as...宣称某人为……;把某事叙述为……
represent sth to sb 向某人正式提出(意见、抗议等)
·be representative of 是……的代表
·其他表示“代表”的短语: stand for,on behalf of sb (=on one’s behalf)等。
[语境运用] 完成句子
他将作为学校代表出席会议。
He will attend the meeting　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　.
大众媒体倾向于把他描绘成环保领袖。
The mass media tends to 　　　　　　　　　　 an environmental leader.
(应用文写作之人物介绍)她是她那一代人的代表,具有前瞻性的态度和改变的激情。
　　　　　　　　 　　 her generation,with forward-thinking attitude and passion for change.
as a representative of the school
represent him as
She is representative of
4.relevant adj.有关的,切题的
·irrelevant adj.无关的
·relevance n.紧密相关;切题
·relevantly adv.贴切地
[教材原句] Prepare a short presentation on one of the topics from Activity 2 or think of another relevant topic.
准备一个关于活动2中某个话题的简短演示文稿或者想一个其他相关的
话题。
[例] When preparing a speech,ensure all content is closely relevant to the theme, avoiding the introduction of irrelevant information.
在准备演讲稿时,确保所有内容都与主题紧密相关,避免无关信息的引入。
be relevant to 与……相关
[例] What he said has no direct relevance to the matter in hand.
他所说的话和眼下的事没有直接关系。
have (no) relevance to 与……有(无)关
归纳拓展
·be relevant to 与……相关
·have (no) relevance to 与……有(无)关
·其他表示“与……有关的”短语:be related to,be linked to,
be involved in,be associated with,be connected with,have something to do with等。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
When choosing a major,I will consider its 　　　 　(relevant) to my future career planning.
The content he shares on social media is often 　 　　　(relevant) to studying,making people feel like it’s a waste of time.
The coach’s guidance 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(与我的健身计划紧密相关).
relevance
irrelevant
is closely relevant to my fitness plan
重点句式
过去分词短语作状语
▲
[教材原句] Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
在献身精神的驱使下,许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者,保卫国家的荣誉。
[例] Given a few minutes,I’ll finish it.
再给几分钟的时间,我就会完成了。
[例] Inspired by what the speaker said,the audience began to cheer.
受到演讲者话语的鼓舞,观众开始欢呼起来。
归纳拓展
·动词-ed形式短语作状语表示被动或完成的动作,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
·动词-ed形式短语作状语,与句子的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
·动词-ing形式短语作状语,与句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
·动词不定式位于句首作状语,表示目的。
[语境运用] 完成句子
他沉浸在他的书中,没有注意到我进了房间。
　　　　　　　　　　,he didn’t notice me enter the room.
一天晚上,Harry给我打电话,让我尽快去他的公寓。
One evening Harry phoned me,　　　　　　　　 　　　 　 as soon as possible.
为了提高英语,他每天坚持背单词。
　　　　　　　 　　　　　,he insists on memorising words every day.
Absorbed in his book
asking me to come to his flat
To improve his English
写作微专题3
Writing about a war hero
文本解读
1.文体类型:介绍战斗英雄,属于写人的记叙文。
2.要点内容:(1)战斗英雄的姓名、出生时间、出生地点及其他背景信息;(2)战斗英雄的参战经历及主要事迹;(3)对战斗英雄进行评价并发表个人看法。
[思路指引]
实用表达
1.首段常用句式。
Mr Yang,a common soldier,is famous for his perseverance.
General Li,known for bravely fighting,is a great hero.
We all like...
2.中段常用句式。
He was born in...
When he was...years old,he...
He did...to...
He died in...
3.尾段常用句式。
Though he died,he still...
He is highly praised by people for his...
People do...in memory of him.
佳作建构
假设你是李华,最近你观看了电影《上甘岭》,对邱少云为了整个战斗胜利而在烈火中壮烈牺牲的事迹深有感触。请你用英语写一篇短文来介绍战斗英雄邱少云。
基本 信息 1926年出生于四川省铜梁县
主要 事迹 1949年,参加了中国人民解放军,成为了一名人民解放军战士;
在1952年的一次战斗中,为了不暴露潜伏部队,强忍烈火烧身的剧痛,壮烈牺牲。
人物 评价 被授予“中国人民志愿军一级英雄”光荣称号;100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物之一;他的英勇事迹和革命精神将永载史册,永远激励着后人前行。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 v.激励
2.　　　　　　　　 出生于
3.　　　　　 　　 与……作斗争
4.　　　　　　　　 将……称为……
inspire
be born in
fight against
refer to...as...
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.邱少云于1926年出生于四川省铜梁县。
Qiu Shaoyun 　　　 　 Tongliang County,Sichuan Province in 1926.
2.他是最著名的战斗英雄之一。
He was one of 　　　　　　 　　 combat heroes.
3.1949年,他加入中国人民解放军,成为一名勇敢的战士。
In 1949,he 　　 　　 the Chinese People’s Liberation Army and became a brave soldier.
was born in
the best-known
joined
4.在1952年的一场战斗中,为了防止隐藏的部队暴露出来,他以非凡的勇气忍受了燃烧火焰的剧烈痛苦,最终英勇牺牲了自己的生命。
During a battle in 1952,　　　　　　　　　　　 of the hidden troops,he endured the intense pain of burning flames with 　　　　　　　　 and ultimately sacrificed his life heroically.
5.他被授予“中国人民志愿军一级英雄”的荣誉称号。
He 　　　　　　 the honorary title of “First-Class Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”.
to prevent the exposure
remarkable courage
was awarded
6.他被称为100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物之一。
He 　　　　　　　　 one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of New China.
7.他的英勇事迹和革命精神将永远载入史册,激励子孙后代勇往直前。
His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history and 　　　　 future generations to move forward.
was referred to as
inspire
亮点提升
1.将第1句和第2句用过去分词短语进行改写升级。
Qiu Shaoyun,born in Tongliang County,Sichuan Province in 1926,was one of the best-known combat heroes.
2.将第5句和第6句用过去分词短语进行改写升级。
Awarded the honorary title of “First-Class Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”,he was referred to as one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of New China.
3.将第7句用现在分词短语进行改写升级。
His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history,inspiring future generations to move forward.
范文展示
Qiu Shaoyun,born in Tongliang County,Sichuan Province in 1926,was one of the best-known combat heroes.
In 1949,he joined the Chinese People’s Liberation Army and became a brave soldier.During a battle in 1952,to prevent the exposure of the hidden troops,he endured the intense pain of burning flames with remarkable courage and ultimately sacrificed his life heroically.
Awarded the honorary title of “First-Class Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”,he was referred to as one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of New China.His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history,inspiring future generations to move forward.
写作练习
假设你是李华,最近你观看了电影《赵一曼》后深有感触,应校英语报邀请,请你用英语写一篇文章来介绍抗日英雄赵一曼。
基本 信息 1905 年出生于四川宜宾,1926年成为一名中共党员。
主要 事迹 “九一八事变”后前往东北,参加抗日活动;1935年,在掩护主力部队突围时不幸被捕,遭到严刑拷打仍保守党的秘密;1936年,英勇就义。
人物 评价 她的牺牲是抗日力量的一大损失,但同时鼓舞了军队与侵略者进行激烈战斗的士气。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词语:九一八事变 September 18th Incident;抗日力量the anti-Japanese forces。
写作指导
One possible version:
Zhao Yiman,who was born in Yibin,Sichuan Province in 1905,became a member of the Communist Party of China in 1926.
After the September 18th Incident,she joined in the anti-Japanese activities,fighting against Japanese invaders.In 1935,a large number of Japanese troops surrounded her men.Zhao Yiman offered to cover the main force,but was captured unfortunately.Japanese forced Zhao Yiman to reveal useful information,but in vain.In 1936,the Japanese killed her in public.
Zhao’s sacrifice was a huge loss to the anti-Japanese forces,but boosted the morale of the army to fight fiercely against the invaders.
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后 续写 微技能之“点” 情感描写 lucky adj.幸运的　full of confidence 充满信心　heart-broken adj.心碎的,伤心　sorrow n.悲痛　anger n.生气,愤怒　be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事　with a big smile on face 脸上带着灿烂的微笑
动作描写 drown v.(使)淹死　recall v.回想,回忆起　fortify v.激励,加强　depict v.描述,描写
人物描写 violence n.暴力　outstanding adj.杰出的,优秀的　intellectual adj.智力的,脑力的　rough adj.简单的;粗糙的　commitment n.投入　glory n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事　prominent adj.著名的,杰出的　dedication n.奉献　shirk one’s duty 逃避责任
环境描写 coastline n.海岸线　misty adj.多雾的　breeze n.微风　horror n.惊恐;令人惊恐的事
读后续写 微技能之“线” Their heart-broken mother receives the news about all her dead sons on the same day.(情感描写)
A misty rain falls in a gentle breeze.(环境描写)
With the country at war,students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.(人物描写)
It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation,with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.(结尾升华句)
读后 续写 微技能之“面”
读后续写——战胜自我
听到我老师的话,我意识到是时候做出改变了。我决定摆脱害羞的外衣。我想证明自己在公众场合也能做好事。犹豫了几秒钟后,我点了点头,充满自信地说:“老师,我想,不,我下定决心要扮演这个角色。我会尽我所能把它演好。”老师面带微笑地看着我,说:“我相信你。如果你遇到问题,可以来找我。” “谢谢你!” 我高兴地离开了她的办公室。
Hearing my teacher’s words,I realised 1.
　　　　　.I decided to throw off my shy cloak.I wanted to prove that I also could do something good in public.After seconds of hesitation,I nodded my head,2.　　　　　　 　　 ,“Teacher,
I want to,no,I 3.　　　　　　　 　 play the role.And I will try my best to perform it well.” 4.
　　　,the teacher said,“I believe in you.If you have any problems,you can turn to me.”“Thank you!” I left her office happily.
it was time to make
a change
saying full of confidence
am determined to
Looking at me with a big smile on
face
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.violent adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→ adv.猛烈地;强烈地→ n.暴力
2.landing n.(军队的)登陆→ v.着陆,登陆 n.陆地;土地
3.horror n.惊恐→ adj.令人震惊的;恐怖的→ adv.可怕地;非常地
4.objective n.目的,目标adj.客观的→ n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.反对;不同意;不赞成→ n.反对;异议
violently
violence
land
horrible
horribly
object
objection
5.liberate v.解放(城市、国家等)→ n.解放
6.memorial adj.纪念的,追悼的→ vt.纪念→ n.记忆;回忆
7.stability n.稳固,稳定→ adj.稳固的,稳定的→ adj.不稳固的,不稳定的;易变的→ adv.稳固地,稳定地
8.professionalism n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→ adj.专业的;职业的→ n.职业,行业
liberation
memorialise
memory
stable
unstable
stably
professional
profession
9.academic adj.学术的→ adv.学术上;学业上
10.aggression n.侵略→ adj.好斗的;挑衅的;侵略的
11.intellectual adj.智力的,脑力的→ n.(尤指高等的)智力,思维逻辑领悟力;才智超群的人
12.associated adj.联合的→ v.联系;联想→ n.联合;协会;关联
academically
aggressive
intellect
associate
association
13.rough adj.简单的;粗糙的→ adv.粗糙地;大约→ n.粗糙
14.invader n.侵略者,侵略军→ v.侵略;武装入侵→ n.武装入侵;侵略;侵犯
15.glory n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事→ adj.光荣的;辉煌的;荣耀的→
adv.光荣地;辉煌地
16.dedication n.奉献→ v.致力于,献身于
17.collective adj.集体的;共同的→ v.收集;收藏→ n.(常指同类的)收集物,收藏品
roughly
roughness
invade
invasion
glorious
gloriously
dedicate
collect
collection
18.relevant adj.有关的,切题的→ adj.无关的→ adv.贴切地→ n.紧密相关;切题
irrelevant
relevantly
relevance
Ⅱ.重点词块
1. 　　　　　　 由……组成
2. 使……免受……
3. 对……有信心
4. 忠于职守
5. 彻底;简直是,完全是
6. 准备……;为……做准备
be made up of
free...from...
have confidence in...
devotion to duty
nothing less than
prepare for
7. 成功;达到预定目标
8. 被广泛视为……
9. 偶遇;碰面;符合标准
10. 遵守协议
11. 待命
12. 把……称作……
13. 作为……而出名
14. 照亮
make it
be seen widely as
meet up with
keep to one’s agreements
on standby
refer to...as...
be known as
light up
15. 由于
16. 为……打下基础;奠定了……的基础
17. 逃避责任
18. 责任感;献身精神
19. 充当,担任;起……的作用
20. 许多;大量
21. 突破
22. 继续战斗
due to
lay the foundation for
shirk one’s duty
a sense of commitment
serve as
a large sum/number of
break through
fight on
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.过去分词短语作定语
Allied troops
(由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的) were gathering in large numbers.
句式仿写
Most of the people (被邀请参加聚会的) were his old schoolmates.
made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers
invited to the party
2.独立主格结构
Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,
(目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区).
句式仿写
(他的作业已经完成了),Tom went to bed.
the aim being to free north-west Europe from
German occupation
His homework having been finished
3.形容词短语作状语
The enemy were hiding,
(准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻).
句式仿写
The lost boy spent three days in the forest, (又冷又饿).
ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they
reached land
cold and hungry
4.as引导原因状语从句
Real war is never romantic
(因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战).
句式仿写
True love is never effortless,
(因为它需要耐心和持续的努力).
as it brings suffering and immense challenges
as it demands patience and continuous effort
5.which引导非限制性定语从句
“On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the desk,
(否则就会被风吹走),” he said.
句式仿写
Because of the rain,some of the roads were flooded,
(使得我们的旅程更加艰难).
which would
otherwise be blown away
which made our
journey more difficult
6.过去分词短语作状语
(在献身精神的驱使下),a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
句式仿写
(被这个故事感动哭了),she stood there still and quiet.
Driven by a sense of commitment
Moved to tears by the story(共15张PPT)
Unit 3　课时作业(一)
(分值:38分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共9题;每题1分,共9分)
1.The military　　　　(部队) was deployed to the border region to maintain security.
2.In spite of the fog,the crew can distinguish the 　 　　　(海岸线) fairly well.
3.As he walked through the old neighbourhood, he 　　 　(回想) childhood memories that seemed like yesterday.
4.Her face was so　　　　 (严肃的) that he almost whispered his answer.
troop
coastline
recalled
solemn
5.I think that intellectual curiosity is the most important characteristic of an 　　　 　(杰出的,优秀的) student.
6.One of our rules is that every student should wear school　　 　　 (制服) while at school.
7.The crowd cried out in 　 　　　(惊恐) as the car burst into flames.
8.We Chinese hold the view that we will love 　　　 　(和平) forever.
9.A 　 　　　(纪念的) hall was built in honour of the hero.
outstanding
uniform
horror
peace
memorial
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共6题;每题1.5分,共9分)
1.We are often taught to fight against 　　 　　(violent) and protect peace.
2.Building such a bridge over the bay was a hard nut to crack,but the local government made　　　　 within two years.
3.She tried her best to free herself　　 　　the boring work and begin a new life journey.
4.Staying with their family can provide emotional 　　 　　(stable) for the children.
violence
it
from
stability
5.He raised a strong 　　　 　(object) to the proposal, stating it was impractical.
6.Becoming a 　　 　　(professionalism) musician requires years of dedicated practice, performance experience, and a deep love for music.
objection
professional
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.这个志愿者小组主要由高中生组成。(be made up of)
2.最重要的是你要对自己有信心。(have confidence in)
The voluntary group was mainly made up of high school students.
The most important thing is to have confidence in yourself.
3.随着专家们走进礼堂,所有的观众都起立,热烈地鼓掌。(with复合结构)
With the experts entering the hall, all the audience stood up and clapped
enthusiastically.
4.她在舞台上的表演不亚于一个奇迹,或者说是一个大大的惊喜。(nothing less than)
5.如果时间允许,晚饭后我们可以绕着操场散步。(独立主格结构)
Her performance on the stage was nothing less than a miracle or a big
surprise.
Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Hundreds of years ago,a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots,a brave people,love their country. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland. But there were too many of the Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.
One night,the leader of the Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill.“We will rest here tonight,my men,” he said.“Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win,or we will die.”
They were all very tired so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep.Four guards were on duty,but overwhelmed by exhaustion,they fell asleep one by one.
The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they went up the hill. Closer they came to the sleeping Scots.They were almost at the top. A few minutes more the war would be over. Suddenly,one of them put his foot on a thistle (蓟). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots.In a minute,they were on their feet and ready for a battle. The fighting was hard,but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out the Romans and saved Scotland.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people liked it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了几百年前,在苏格兰人民抵御罗马军队入侵的战斗中,一种叫蓟的植物在关键时刻帮助苏格兰人击败了罗马军队。
(　　)1.Why did it initially seem that the Romans would win
[A]Because the Scots were not brave.
[B]Because the Roman army was so strong.
[C]Because the Scots did not have a good leader.
[D]Because the Romans had the support from the Scottish.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知,起初罗马人似乎要胜利了,那是因为罗马军队士兵众多,看起来很强大。故选B。
(　　)2.Why were the Scots woken
[A]Because they were too tired to sleep well.
[B]Because one of the guards pretended to sleep.
[C]Because one of the Romans stepped on a thistle and let out a cry.
[D]Because the Romans got too close and the Scots discovered them.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Suddenly,one of them...cry woke the Scots.”可知,苏格兰士兵醒来是因为一个罗马士兵踩到了蓟,喊出声来,惊醒了他们。故选C。
(　　)3.What happened to all the Scots who were asleep at the hill with the shout of a Roman soldier
[A]They began to fight the Romans hard.
[B]They stood up without putting on their shoes and began to fight.
[C]They woke up and rose to their feet immediately,ready to fight.
[D]They put their feet into their shoes at once and were ready to fight.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In a minute,they were on their feet and ready for a battle.”可知,苏格兰士兵醒来后,立即站起来准备战斗。故选C。
(　　)4.Why did the Scots make thistle their national flower
[A]Because thistle is lovely,though not beautiful.
[B]Because thistle gave them happiness.
[C]Because thistle is a kind of useful plant.
[D]Because thistle helped the Scots in wiping out the Romans.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段的内容可知,因为蓟在关键时刻发挥了重要作用,帮助苏格兰人打败了罗马军队,所以他们把蓟定为国花。故选D。

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