专题 03 词汇句型辨析(期末题型精练)八年级英语下学期 新教材沪教版五四制(含答案解析)

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专题 03 词汇句型辨析(期末题型精练)八年级英语下学期 新教材沪教版五四制(含答案解析)

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专题 03 词汇句型辨析(期末题型精练)八年级英语下学期 新教材沪教版五四制
一、单词拼写
1.The park is full of ________ beauty, with trees, flowers, and a clear lake. (nature)
2.Some ________ in the air, like oxygen and carbon dioxide, are important for life. (gas)
3.Even though the dog is ________ deaf, it can follow hand signals well. (complete)
4.We need to make a ________ about where to go for our family holiday. (decide)
5.Peter didn’t want to wait for help, so he fixed the broken chair ________. (he)
6.I think it’s ________ that we can’t take breaks when we’re tired. (fair)
7.Though he failed four times, he wanted to have a ________ try. (five)
8.Some people dislike him , but _________, I trusted him. (personal)
9.Huawei is considered a great _________ in 5G technology. (lead)
10.Don’t try to ________ your parents with lies. It’s not right. (foolish)
11.The city is ________ to tourists because of its beautiful scenery and rich history. (attract)
12.It’s important to listen ________ when others are speaking. (patient)
13.His final ________ surprised everyone because he decided to study abroad. (choose)
14.Don’t forget to ________ the main character in your story. (description)
15.She hopes to improve her ________ to solve difficult math problems. (able)
16.Help _______ to some fish and vegetables, children! (you)
17.Many business ________ think AI will change how people work, so they encourage young people to learn about it. (lead)
18.Our classroom is on the ________ floor of the teaching building. (six)
19.The manager asked Eric to introduce the new product ________ to the guests. (brief)
20.This hotel was so clean and quiet that we all slept ________ last night. (comfortable)
21.A lot of young students from different countries go to France to ________ their studies. (far)
22.Shouting at a store clerk for a small mistake is very ______ and unacceptable. (polite)
23.Boys and girls, you can make cakes by ________ in this bakery. (you)
24.If you feel nervous, you can ______ deeply before speaking in public. (breath)
25.Among all the books, the science fiction ________ are the most popular among young readers. (one)
26.In the past, a ______ worked long hours to take care of his owner’s home. (serve)
27.He is trying to ______ why he couldn’t come to the party last night.(explanation)
28.The children felt ______ when they saw the ice cream truck coming. (delight)
29.She received excellent ____________ at the hospital after the accident. (treat)
30.They decided to enjoy ______ going on a road trip across the country. (they)
31.Jinjiang Amusement Park used to ________ many families to spend their weekends there. (attraction)
32.Are you able to complete the sentence in two different ______ (way)
33.Today is his ______ birthday, so we’re having a party.(eight)
34.Wendy finally made a ________ to quit her job and start her own business. (decide)
35.The students are ________ in the upcoming science fair. They can’t wait to see all the projects. (interest)
二、完成句子
36.We can’t achieve our goals unless we take action at once.(保持句意不变)
We can’t achieve our goals _________ we _________ take action at once.
37.Don’t touch the wet wire. You will get an electric shock. (两句合并一句)
________ ________ touch the wet wire, you will get an electric shock.
38.We plant many trees in our school every year. (改为被动语态)
Many trees ________ ________ in our school every year.
39.“I will learn English well,” Tom said. (改为宾语从句)
Tom said ________ ________ learn English well.
40.They will go to Beijing by plane next week. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ they go to Beijing next week
41.under, bag, is lying, whose, the desk(连词成句)
_______________________________________________
42.“Did you enjoy your trip to London ” Aunt Lily asked us.(改为间接引语)
Aunt Lily asked us ________ we ________ our trip to London.
43.“Does he like playing basketball ” Tom asked me. (改为宾语从句)
Tom asked me ________ he ________ playing basketball.
44.He lay on the bed just now. (改为一般疑问句)
________ he ________ on the bed just now
45.If you put the bookshelf next to the wall, the room will look tidier. (保持句意基本不变)
______ the bookshelf next to the wall, ______ the room will look tidier.
46.This household service robot belongs to Mr White.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ this household service robot belong to
47.The Shenzhou XIX mission astronauts returned to the Earth safely on 30 April.(划线部分提问)
________ ________ the Shenzhou XIX mission astronauts return to the Earth safely
48.by joining, food and water, trees, together, pass, their roots(连词成句)
________________________.
49.When will we hold the reading festival I want to know.(改为间接引语)
I want to know ________ we ________ hold the reading festival.
50.Mrs Turner has got 200 grams of sugar.(对划线部分提问)
______ sugar has Mrs. Turner got
51.She always discusses where to go with her friends before travelling. (改为一般疑问句)
________ she always ________ where to go with her friends before travelling
52.He hardly has time to finish his work before the deadline arrives. (改为反意疑问句)
He hardly has time to finish his work before the deadline arrives, ______ ______
53.the fire, as soon as, the firemen, called, John, started(连词成句)
______________________________________________.
54.Since you have got the results, I won’t spend more time on it.(保持句意基本不变)
________ ________ you have got the results, I won’t spend more time on it.
55.The mother asked his son, “What is wrong ”(改为宾语从句)
The mother asked his son ______ wrong.
56.“What do you usually do at work ” The little boy asks his father.(合并为宾语从句)
The little boy asks his father ________ he usually ________ at work.
57.led to, some important findings, the experiments, the discovery of(连词成句)
__________________________________________________________________.
58.it, one of, in the world, the most popular, tourist destinations, is (连词成句)
________________________________.
59.China is among the most scenic countries in the world.(保持句意基本不变)
China is ______ the most scenic countries in the world.
60.The warm-hearted man left the poor dog some water. (改为一般疑问句)
______ the warm-hearted man leave the poor dog ______ water
61.the swimming pool, me, show, toy you, could, the way (连词成句)
______________________________________________________________________________________
62.Jack always says that he hasn’t got enough chances to prove himself. (保持基本句意不变)
Jack always says that he has got ________ ________ chances to prove himself.
63.Mum wants to know. Does Uncle Mark wash his car every weekend (合并两句为一句)
Mum wants to know ________ Uncle Mark ________ his car every weekend.
64.Dr. Wang’s results of the scientific experiment seem to be more accurate. (根据划线部分提问)
________ ________ of the scientific experiment seem to be more accurate
65.The monster didn’t catch any people in the trap that he set up in the forest. (改为陈述句)
The monster ________ ________ people in the trap that he set up in the forest.
66.The nurse led the old man to the waiting room personally.(改为否定句)
The nurse ______ ______ the old man to the waiting room personally.
67.They’ve already got a title for the school newspaper. (改为否定句)
They ________ got a title for the school newspaper ________.
68.The engine should warm up for five minutes before we start. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ should the engine warm up before we start
《专题 03 词汇句型辨析(期末题型精练)八年级英语下学期 新教材沪教版五四制》参考答案
1.natural
【详解】句意:这个公园充满了自然美景,有树木、鲜花和清澈的湖泊。根据“...beauty”可知,空处填形容词作定语。nature的形容词是natural“自然的”,故填natural。
2.gases
【详解】句意:空气中的一些气体,比如氧气和二氧化碳,对生命很重要。根据“some”和“like oxygen and carbon dioxide”可知,此处指“多种气体”,因此需用可数名词的复数形式。gas的复数形式是“gases”。故填gases。
3.completely
【详解】句意:尽管这只狗完全失聪,但它能很好地理解手势。此处修饰形容词deaf用副词completely“完全地”。故填completely。
4.decision
【详解】句意:我们需要决定全家去哪里度假。不定冠词a后加可数名词单数decision“决定”。故填decision。
5.himself
【详解】句意:彼得不想等待帮助,所以他自己把破椅子修好了。根据“Peter didn’t want to wait for help, so he fixed the broken chair”可知他不想等待帮助,他自己把椅子修好了,故此处用反身代词himself“他自己”。故填himself。
6.unfair
【详解】句意:我认为当我们累了的时候不能休息是不公平的。根据“it’s...that”可知,横线处需填形容词,fair“公平的”,形容词,根据“we can’t take breaks when we’re tired.”可知,累了不能休息是不公平的,所以空处需用fair的反义词unfair“不公平的”。故填unfair。
7.fifth
【详解】句意:虽然他失败了四次,但他想再试一次。根据“Though he failed four times, he wanted to have a…try.”可知,这里需要一个序数词表示“第五次”尝试,five的序数词是fifth,符合语境,说明在四次失败后想进行第五次尝试。故填fifth。
8.personally
【详解】句意:有些人不喜欢他,但就我个人而言,我信任他。“personal”是形容词,意为“个人的,私人的”;根据“Some people dislike him, but..., I trusted him.”可知,这里需要一个副词来表达“就个人而言”这样的意思,对整个句子进行修饰说明,“personally”是“personal”的副词形式,意思是“就个人而言” ,符合语境,故填personally。
9.leader
【详解】句意:华为被认为是5G技术领域的重要领导者。根据“Huawei is considered a great...”以及所给单词“lead”可知,此处需要一个名词来表示“领导者”,lead的名词形式leader意为“领导者”,且前面有不定冠词“a”,所以用单数形式。故填leader。
10.fool
【详解】句意:不要试图用谎言愚弄你的父母。这样是不对的。不定式to后接动词原形,此处是不定式作宾语,foolish的动词是fool。故填fool。
11.attractive
【详解】句意:这座城市因其美丽的风景和丰富的历史对游客有吸引力。根据句子结构可知,此处需要形容词作表语,attract是动词,其形容词形式是attractive,意为“有吸引力的”。“be attractive to...”意为“对……有吸引力”。故填attractive。
12.patiently
【详解】句意:当别人说话时,耐心地倾听很重要。修饰动词listen应该用副词形式。形容词patient的副词形式patiently。故填patiently。
13.choice
【详解】句意:他最终的选择让所有人惊讶,因为他决定出国留学。choose是动词,意为“选择”;final“最终的”是形容词,后接名词,choice是choose的名词形式,意为“选择”;根据“because he decided to study abroad.”可知,这个选择是去留学,需用单数。故填choice。
14.describe
【详解】句意:不要忘记在你的故事中描述主角。forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”,固定搭配,所以这里应用动词原形,应将description改为其动词形式describe“描述”。故填describe。
15.ability
【详解】句意:她希望提高自己解决困难数学问题的能力。空格处需填入名词作动词improve的宾语,表示“提高某种能力”。形容词able的名词形式为ability。故填ability。
16.yourselves
【详解】句意:孩子们,随便吃点鱼和蔬菜吧!句中“children”(孩子们)是复数,对应的反身代词是“yourselves”,符合“help oneself to sth”用于复数对象时的用法,表示让孩子们自行取用食物。故填yourselves。
17.leaders
【详解】句意:许多企业领导者认为人工智能将改变人们的工作方式,因此他们鼓励年轻人了解它。根据“think”及所给字母“lead”可知,此处应填表示 “领导者”的名词,leader“领导者”,为可数名词,由“Many”可知,应用其复数形式leaders。故填leaders。
18.sixth
【详解】句意:我们的教室在教学楼的六楼。根据提示“six”可知,此处需要填入表示楼层的序数词。英语中“六楼”应译为“the sixth floor”,因此需将基数词“six”转换为序数词“sixth”。故填sixth。
19.briefly
【详解】句意:经理让埃里克向客人们简要地介绍新产品 。根据“The manager asked...to the guests.”及提示词可知,此处需用副词修饰动词introduce,brief的副词形式是briefly(简要地),用于说明介绍的方式。故填briefly。
20.comfortably
【详解】句意:这家酒店非常干净和安静,所以我们昨晚都睡得很舒服。根据句意及所给形容词“comfortable”可知,此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“slept”,表示“舒适地”。形容词“comfortable”的副词形式为“comfortably”。故填comfortably。
21.further
【详解】句意:许多来自不同国家的年轻学生去法国深造。further one’s study“深造”,固定搭配,此处to是不定式符号,后跟动词原形。故填further。
22.impolite
【详解】句意:因为一个小错误对店员大喊大叫是非常不礼貌且不可接受的。根据“Shouting at a store clerk for a small mistake”可知这是不礼貌的行为,impolite“不礼貌的”,作表语。故填impolite。
23.yourselves
【详解】句意:孩子们,你们可以在这家面包店自己做蛋糕。根据“you can make cakes by...”可知,此处指自己做蛋糕,by oneself“独自,单独”;根据“Boys and girls”可知,此处表示复数概念,因此填yourselves,意为“你们自己”。故填yourselves。
24.breathe
【详解】句意:如果你感到紧张,你可以在公共场合发言前深深地吸一口气。根据“If you feel nervous, you can…deeply before speaking in public.”及提示词可知,情态动词can后接动词原形,breath“呼吸”,名词,动词为breathe。故填breathe。
25.ones
【详解】句意:在所有的书中,科幻小说是最受年轻读者欢迎的。分析句子可知,此处需要填一个名词,指代的是前面提到的“the books”,所以这里需要填复数形式,one的复数形式是ones。故填ones。
26.servant
【详解】句意:在过去,仆人长时间工作来照顾主人的家。分析句子,设空处缺名词,servant“仆人”符合题意,a接可数名词单数。故填servant。
27.explain
【详解】句意:他正尽力解释他昨晚为什么没能来参加聚会。explanation“解释”,是名词。空前有try to(尽力),try to do sth.“尽力做某事”,为固定搭配,所以本空应该填动词原形explain。故填explain。
28.delighted
【详解】句意:当孩子们看到冰淇淋车来时,他们感到高兴。根据“felt”和括号提示词“delight”可知,此处使用形容词delighted,feel delighted“感到高兴”,表示“孩子们感到高兴”。故填delighted。
29.treatment
【详解】句意:事故发生后,她在医院接受了极好的治疗。设空处位于形容词“excellent”之后,因此需要填入一个名词,treatment“治疗”符合题意,此处为抽象意义,不可数。故填treatment。
30.themselves
【详解】句意:他们决定好好享受一次横穿全国的公路旅行。enjoy oneself doing sth“某人享受做某事”,为固定短语,因此填反身代词,they的反身代词是themselves。故填themselves。
31.attract
【详解】句意:锦江公园过去常常吸引很多家庭去那里过周末。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”,所以此处应用名词attraction的动词形式attract,意为“吸引”,故填attract。
32.ways
【详解】句意:你能用两种不同的方式完成这个句子吗?根据“two different”和括号提示“way”可知,此处需填入“way”的复数形式。故填ways。
33.eighth
【详解】句意:今天是他的八岁生日,所以我们正在举行一个派对。eight:八,是基数词,强调数量,常修饰可数名词复数。空格后面是可数名词单数birthday:生日,前面有形容词性物主代词his:他的,推测此处用序数词,表示顺序,eight的序数词eighth,第八,强调顺序。故填eighth。
34.decision
【详解】句意:温迪最终决定辞职并开始自己的事业。make a decision表示“决定”,为固定短语。故填decision。
35.interested
【详解】句意:学生们对即将到来的科学展览感兴趣。他们迫不及待地想看到所有的项目。be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”,形容词短语。故填interested。
36. if don’t
【详解】句意:除非我们立即采取行动,否则无法实现目标。保持句意不变。原句中的unless表示“除非”,可以转换为“if…not”结构,即“除非A,否则B”等同于“如果不A,那么B”。take是实义动词原形,主语是we,否定应用助动词don’t。故填if;don’t。
37. If you
【详解】句意:别碰那根潮湿的电线。你会触电的。合并为一句,可表述为“如果你碰触到湿电线,你会触电”,用if“如果”引导条件状语从句,句首字母大写;you“你”,作主语。故填If;you。
38. are planted
【详解】句意:我们每年在学校里种很多树。句子为一般现在时,改为被动语态时,需将主动句中的宾语“many trees”变为主语,主语是复数,因此be动词用are;动词“plant”的过去分词是“planted”。故填are;planted。
39. he would
【详解】句意:“我会学好英语的。”汤姆说道。将直接引语改为宾语从句,用that引导,可以省略,直接引语中的主语 “I”指代Tom,在宾语从句中需改为he“他”;主句动词“said”是过去时,因此从句的将来时“will”需改为过去将来时,填would。故填he;would。
40. How will
【详解】句意:他们下周将乘飞机去北京。划线部分是“by plane”,此处问他们下周将怎样去北京,how“怎样”,will用于一般将来时的疑问句中。故填How;will。
41.Whose bag is lying under the desk
【详解】根据所给词汇和标点可知,本句是特殊疑问句。句子结构为“疑问词 + 名词 + 系动词 + 谓语 + 状语”。Whose修饰名词bag,构成“Whose bag”,作句子主语;is lying是谓语动词短语;under the desk是地点状语,说明“躺着”的位置。故填Whose bag is lying under the desk“谁的包正放在桌子下面?”
42. if/whether enjoyed
【详解】句意:“你去伦敦玩得愉快吗?”莉莉阿姨问我们。原句可表示“莉莉阿姨问我们是否享受了伦敦之旅。”,一般疑问句(如Did you… )改为间接引语时,需用if或whether引导,表示“是否”;主句动词“asked”是过去式,从句时态应保持一致。原句“did enjoy”是一般过去时,在间接引语中可改为enjoyed(过去式)。故填if/whether;enjoyed。
43. if/whether liked
【详解】句意:“他喜欢打篮球吗?”汤姆问我。原句是一般疑问句,改为宾语从句时,需用if或whether引导,表示“是否”;主句Tom asked me是一般过去时,宾语从句也要用相应的过去时态,原一般疑问句中的谓语动词like要变为过去式liked,故填if/whether;liked。
44. Did lie
【详解】句意:他刚才躺在床上。改为一般疑问句时,要借助助动词“did”,放在句首,首字母大写;原来的谓语动词“lay”要还原为原形“lie”,符合一般过去时变一般疑问句“借助did,动词还原”的规则。故填Did;lie。
45. Put and
【详解】句意:如果你把书架放在墙边,房间会看起来更整洁。条件句可以改写为“祈使句+and+结果句”的结构,表示相同的条件关系,因此第一空填动词原形put;第二空填and。故填Put;and。
46. Who/Whom does
【详解】句意:这个家用服务机器人属于怀特先生。划线部分表示家用服务机器人所属的对象,对人进行提问且作宾语时,使用疑问词who/whom,位于句首首字母大写; 原句是一般现在时,主语this household service robot是第三人称单数,借助助动词does构成疑问句,动词belongs变回原形belong。故填Who/Whom;does。
47. When did
【详解】句意:神舟十九号任务的宇航员于4月30日安全返回地球。划线部分“on 30 April”表示时间,对时间提问应用疑问词“when”。原句为一般过去时,需借助助动词“did”构成疑问句,动词“returned”还原为原形“return”。故填When;did。
48.Trees pass food and water by joining their roots together
【详解】根据所给词汇以及标点可知,此句是陈述句;trees作主语,位于句首,首字母要大写;pass作谓语;food and water作宾语;by joining their roots together作方式状语。故填Trees pass food and water by joining their roots together“树木通过将根部连在一起来传递食物和水分”。
49. when will
【详解】句意:我们将在什么时候举办阅读节?我想知道。直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,用原特殊疑问词when引导宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序;主句是一般现在时,从句还是用一般将来时。故填when;will。
50.How much
【详解】句意:特纳夫人有200克糖。对不可数名词sugar提问数量,需用how much“多少”。故填How much。
51. Does discuss
【详解】 句意:她总是在旅行前和朋友们讨论去哪里。原句“She always discusses where to go with her friends before travelling.” 中,“discusses” 是实义动词,第三人称单数形式,变一般疑问句时需借助助动词Does放在句首,且动词恢复原形discuss。故填Does;discuss。
52. does he
【详解】句意:在最后期限到来之前,他几乎没有时间完成工作。在反意疑问句中,如果陈述部分有否定词,反意部分需用肯定形式,由于谓语动词“has”是实义动词,主语“He”是第三人称单数,因此助动词用“does”。故填does;he。
53.As soon as the fire started, John called the firemen/John called the firemen as soon as the fire started
【详解】根据所给标点和单词分析可知,本句是包含时间状语从句结构的陈述句。the fire作从句主语,started作从句谓语,as soon as引导时间状语从句,表示 “一……就……” ,John作主句主语,called作主句谓语,the firemen作主句宾语。故填As soon as the fire started, John called the firemen/John called the firemen as soon as the fire started“约翰在火灾一发生时就叫了消防员”。
54. Now that
【详解】句意:既然你已经得到了结果,我就不会再在这件事上花更多时间了。Since有“既然;由于”之意,其同义表达可用now that ,二者都用于引出已知事实作为理由,now位于句首首字母大写。因此空一填Now,空二填that。故填Now;that。
55.what was
【详解】句意:妈妈问儿子:“怎么了?”直接引语是特殊疑问句,变宾语从句时,用特殊疑问词what引导,从句用陈述句语序。主句是一般过去时,从句应该用过去的某种时态,所以,从句应该将一般现在时变为一般过去时。is的过去式是was。故填what was。
56. what does
【详解】句意:“你通常在工作中做什么?”小男孩问他的父亲。要将句子合并为宾语从句,需要将直接引语转换为间接引语,疑问句要改为陈述句语序。第一个空填what作为连接代词(因为原句是特殊疑问句,保留疑问词);主句asks是动词三单,从句保持现在时,从句的主语变为he,助动词do要变为does,语序变为“he usually does”的陈述句语序。故填what;does。
57.The experiments led to the discovery of some important findings
【详解】根据所给词汇以及标点可知,句子为陈述句;The experiments“实验”,作主语;led to“导致”,为谓语部分;the discovery of some important findings“一些重要发现”,作宾语。故填The experiments led to the discovery of some important findings“实验导致一些重要发现”。
58.It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world
【详解】根据所给词及标点可知,此句为肯定句;it is“它是”,句首首字母大写;one of the most popular tourist destinations“最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一”;in the world“世界上”。故填It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world“它是世界上最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一”。
59.one of
【详解】句意:中国是世界上风景最美的国家之一。one of可以替代among,表示“……之一”。故填one of。
60. Did any
【详解】句意:热心的人给可怜的狗喝了一些水。原句是一般过去时,句中有实义动词,改为一般疑问句,需借助助动词“did”置于句首;原句中的“some”在疑问句中变为“any”。故填Did;any。
61.Could you show me the way to the swimming pool
【详解】由所给单词及标点“ ”可知,写出的是由情态动词could引导的一般疑问句,句式为“Could+主语+动词原形+其它?”。主语是you“你”,show“展示,给……看”是动词原形,me“我”和the way to the swimming pool“去游泳池的路”是宾语部分。故填Could you show me the way to the swimming pool“你能告诉我去游泳池的路吗”?
62. too few
【详解】句意:杰克总是说他没有足够的机会证明自己。“hasn’t got enough”表示“没有足够的”,其同义结构为“has got too few”,“too few”意为 “太少的”,后接可数名词复数,符合语境。故填too;few。
63. if/whether washes
【详解】句意:妈妈想知道。马克叔叔每个周末都洗车吗?结合原句,本题要合并为含有宾语从句的复合句,根据句意,合并后的句子意为:妈妈想知道马克叔叔每个周末是否都洗车。所以要用if/whether(是否)来连接,根据时间状语every weekend(每个周末),从句要用一般现在时,主语Uncle Mark是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词wash要用第三人称单数形式。故填if/whether;washes。
64. Whose results
【详解】句意:王博士的科学实验结果似乎更加准确。划线部分是“Dr. Wang’s”,是定语,因此用疑问代词“whose (谁的)”来提问,需要把whose放在句首,首字母大写,其他保持不变。故填Whose;results。
65. caught no
【详解】句意:怪物在森林里设的陷阱里没有抓到任何人。根据题干要求,需要将原句改为陈述句。因为原句中谓语动词为“didn’t catch”,即一般过去时的否定形式,因此陈述句中谓语动词需要变成过去式,即“caught”,否定词“no”修饰people,表示“没有人”。故填caught;no。
66. didn’t lead
【详解】句意:护士亲自把老人带到候诊室。分析原句可知,时态为一般过去时,谓语为实义动词led,故改为否定句时要借助助动词didn’t,后接动词原形lead“带领”。故填didn’t;lead。
67. haven’t yet
【详解】句意:他们已经为校报想好了标题。原句是现在完成时,变为否定句将助动词have改为否定形式haven’t,时间状语already变为yet,放句末。故填haven’t;yet。
68. How long
【详解】句意:我们应该让发动机预热五分钟再启动。划线部分是时间段,应用how long提问。故填How;long。
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