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Unit 5 Nature's Temper：过去进行时语法总结与练习
一、语法概述
过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）是英语中表达过去某个特定时刻正在进行的动作的重要时态。它常与表示过去具体时间点的状语（如 at 8:00 last night, this time yesterday）或 when, while 引导的过去时间状语从句连用，强调动作的持续性和未完成性。
在 Unit 5 Nature's Temper（大自然的脾气）这一单元中，我们学习如何用过去进行时描述过去某个时刻天气、自然现象或人类活动的状态，例如：
It was raining heavily at this time yesterday.（昨天这个时候正在下大雨。）
I was watching the lightning when the storm hit.（暴风雨来临时，我正在看闪电。）
二、过去进行时的构成
过去进行时的基本结构为：
1. 肯定式
主语 + was/were + 动词ing + 其他成分
I was studying English at 9:00 last night.（昨晚9点我正在学英语。）
They were playing basketball when it started to rain.（开始下雨时，他们正在打篮球。）
注意：
was 用于第一人称单数（I）、第三人称单数（he/she/it）
were 用于第二人称（you）和所有复数（we/they）
2. 否定式
主语 + was/were + not + 动词ing + 其他成分
She was not (wasn't) sleeping at midnight.（她午夜没在睡觉。）
We were not (weren't) paying attention to the teacher.（我们没在听老师讲课。）
3. 疑问式及简略回答
Was/Were + 主语 + 动词ing + 其他成分？
Were you cooking dinner when the phone rang （电话响时你正在做晚饭吗？）
Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.（是的，我在做。/ 不，我没在做。）
Was it snowing this time yesterday （昨天这个时候正在下雪吗？）
Yes, it was. / No, it wasn't.（是的，在下。/ 不，没在下。）
三、过去进行时的基本用法
1. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作
The wind was blowing strongly at dawn.（黎明时风刮得很大。）
My brother was drawing a picture of the storm.（我哥哥正在画一幅暴风雨的画。）
2. 表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作
I was waiting for the bus for 20 minutes yesterday.（昨天我等了20分钟公交车。）
They were exploring the forest the whole morning.（整个上午他们都在探索森林。）
3. 与一般过去时连用，表示“一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生”
I was walking home when I saw a rainbow.（我正在走回家，这时我看到了彩虹。）
The thunder was roaring while the lightning was flashing.（雷声隆隆作响，同时闪电在闪烁。）
关键点：
when 引导的从句用一般过去时（短暂动作），主句用过去进行时（持续动作）。
while 引导的从句用过去进行时，主句可用一般过去时或过去进行时。
四、易错点总结
1. 混淆过去进行时与一般过去时
错误：I cooked dinner when you called me.
正确：I was cooking dinner when you called me.（你打电话给我时，我正在做晚饭。）
→ 强调“做饭”这个动作在“打电话”时正在进行。
2. 忘记使用 was/were
错误：She reading a book at 8:00 last night.
正确：She was reading a book at 8:00 last night.
3. 误用动词ing 形式
错误：They were play soccer yesterday afternoon.
正确：They were playing soccer yesterday afternoon.
4. 时间状语使用不当
错误：I was doing my homework yesterday.
正确：I was doing my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening.（需具体时间点）
五、语法练习
用括号内动词的正确形式填空
1. It ______ (rain) heavily when I left school.
2. They ______ (have) a picnic at this time yesterday.
3. ______ you ______ (watch) TV when the power went out
4. The sun ______ (shine) brightly this time last Sunday.
答案：
1. was raining
2. were having
3. Were; watching
4. was shining
2. 改错
1. He was play basketball with his friends yesterday.
2. I was study English at 9:00 last night.
3. Was she sleep when you arrived
答案：
1. He was playing basketball with his friends yesterday.
2. I was studying English at 9:00 last night.
3. Was she sleeping when you arrived
3. 情景对话补全
A: ______ you ______ (do) at 8:00 last night
B: I ______ (watch) a movie about storms.
A: Oh, I ______ (call) you at that time, but you didn’t answer.
B: Sorry, my phone ______ (turn) off.
答案：
A: Were; doing
B: was watching
A: called
B: turned
六、总结
过去进行时是描述过去特定时刻正在进行的动作的重要时态，在 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 中，我们用它来描述天气、自然现象及人类活动。掌握其构成（was/were + 动词ing）、用法及易错点，能帮助我们更准确地表达过去的动态场景。
重点回顾：
肯定式：主语 + was/were + 动词ing
否定式：主语 + was/were + not + 动词ing
疑问式：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词ing？
常见搭配：at 8:00 last night, this time yesterday, when/while 引导的从句

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