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专题 08 书面表达（期末题型精练）八年级英语下学期 新教材鲁教版五四学制
1．假定你是Yaming，你们校园英语报“STORY”专栏正在征集稿件，请你根据下面表格中材料，用英语写一篇文稿。
When Spring holiday
Where Mount Huang
Who My parents; I
What A strange sound: help
How proud
要求：
1. 包含所有关键词，适当增加细节；
2. 不出现真实姓名、校名；
3. 词数：80-100。
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2．结合本单元所学，描述一次你经历过的自然灾害，如暴风雨、地震、洪水等，写作要点要求：
1. 描述你经历过的一次自然灾害；
2. 说明灾害发生时你正在做什么；
3. 讲述你和家人的应对措施。
词数100词左右，使用过去进行时。
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3．假如你是李辉，你的学校正在以”我最喜欢的植物”为主题进行征文。请根据要点提示，写篇短文。要点如下：
1. 猴面包树 (baobab)：主干 (trunk) 短，分枝 (branch) 多；
2. 叶 (leaf) 长9—16厘米，宽4—6厘米；
3. 树枝奇形怪状， 酷似树根（root）；
4. 果实巨大如足球，是猴子等动物最喜爱的食物；
5. 寿命为5000年左右，世界上寿星树之一。
要求：
1. 短文中要包括所有提示信息；
2. 内容可适当发挥，以保证内容的丰富、完整与流畅；
3. 词数：80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
My Favorite Plant
My favorite plant is baobab.
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That’s all. I hope everyone loves this kind of funny tree.
4．请根据要求完成短文写作。
业余活动有利于开拓视野和调节身心。请根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文写一篇短文，介绍你喜欢的业余活动。
我喜欢的业余活动
喜欢的业余活动有哪些…… 参与这些业余活动的原因1. 强身健体 2. 放松身心 3. …… 鼓励大家进行业余活动……
注意：(1) 可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
(2) 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和学生的真实姓名；
(3) 语句连贯，词数80左右。
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5．假如你校有几位来自美国的交换生，他们打算周末步行去城市公园。请你给其中的Jim发一封邮件，为他们指出前往公园的路线， 并简单介绍一下公园的情况。
注意：
1.词数80-100；
2.语句通顺，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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6．运城盐池被誉为“中国死海”，湖水色彩随季节变化，冬季硝花如雪，夏季宛如彩色镜面，是山西独特的自然景观。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文介绍运城盐池，突出其自然魅力。
内容包括
·What is the natural place and where is it
·What are its special facts
·What can people do there and how to protect it
要求：
1. 需包含以上所有提示内容；
2. 词数不少于80；
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。
参考词：
Yuncheng Salt Lake, “Dead Sea of China”, salt flowers, content, salt spa bath, scenic area
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7．人间烟火气，最抚凡人心。世间万物，唯美食不可辜负。每个人心中都有一道最爱的美食。请根据以下内容要点，介绍你最喜欢的美食，用文字留住味道，用回忆温暖时光。
内容要点：
(1) 介绍你最喜欢的美食并简述制作步骤；
(2) 描述你喜欢它的原因；
(3) 分享与这道美食相关的一段记忆。
写作要求：
(1) 包括内容要点，并适当拓展，以使语言通顺，行文连贯；
(2) 不能出现个人真实姓名和校名等信息；
(3) 词数在60-80词之间。
My favourite food
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8．请根据课文内容，写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍Tilly Smith的故事。
内容包括：
1、时间、地点、人物
2、事情的经过(她发现了什么，做了什么)
3、结果和启示
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9．为帮助学生树立“不浪费、会规划、懂珍惜”的正确金钱观，你校英语报正在开展以“Save Every Coin”为主题的征文活动，请你根据以下要点提示和要求，写一篇短文，参加活动。
要点提示：
1. Why is it important to save money (Give at least two reasons)
2. How do you save money in your daily life (Give at least two examples)
3. Call on students to develop a good habit of saving.
写作要求：
1. 文中须包含以上所有提示信息，可适当发挥；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 词数80左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
Save Every Coin
Saving every coin is a great life habit, and it’s really important for everyone.
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10．请以Different Cultures, Different Manners为题写一篇短文。
要求：1. 语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；2. 内容包括：不同的问候方式、餐桌礼仪、你的看法；3. 词数70—90，偏基础。
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11．假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter想了解你对未来职业的想法。请你根据提示，给他写一封80词左右的邮件，介绍你梦想的职业、原因以及你将如何为之努力。
提示词：dream, job, reason, improve, practice, goal, future
要求：1. 书信格式正确；2. 条理清晰，语句通顺；3. 包含提示词，可适当发挥；4. 语法正确，无拼写错误。
Dear Peter,
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Yours,
Li Hua
12．写一段话（至少5句）制定你家今年要遵守的五条绿色生活行动（green resolutions）。
使用We will/We should/We can等表达，并至少使用一个感叹句（What/How）。
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13．随着中国国际影响力的提升，越来越多的外国游客来到我们的城市参观游览。作为城市的小主人，中学生更应该遵守公共规则、践行文明行为，向世界展示中国青少年的良好风貌。请你以李华的名义，给全校同学写一封倡议书，呼吁大家做文明中学生，遵守公共规则。
要点：（1）校园内：遵守校规，……
（2）公共场合：遵守交通规则，……
（3）出行时：乘坐公共交通时遵守秩序，……
（4）个人倡议
要求：（1）包含所有提示内容，意思连贯，语句通顺
（2）不得出现真实姓名和校名
（3）词数80词左右，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear schoolmates:
As more foreign visitors come to our city, our behavior reflects the image of Chinese teenagers.
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Yours
Li Hua
《专题 08 书面表达（期末题型精练）八年级英语下学期 新教材鲁教版五四学制》参考答案
1．
例文
An Unforgettable Trip During the spring holiday, my parents and I visited Mount Huang. It was a sunny day.
While enjoying the beautiful view, we heard a strange sound: “Help!” We followed the sound and found a boy who had fallen into a small hole. My father called 120 immediately. I stayed with the boy and comforted him until the ambulance arrived. Finally, the boy was taken to the hospital safely.
We felt proud because we helped someone in need. It was an unforgettable trip.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：本文是记叙文，一般过去时和过去完成时
明确要点：故事发生的时间、地点、人物，事件的过程和结果
确定人称：第一人称（I, my, we）
注意事项：包含所有关键词，不出现真实姓名、校名
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：引入事件，交代时间、地点、人物
主体段：叙述事件经过，听到奇怪声音→发现有人呼救→采取行动
结尾段：表达感受，点出关键词“proud”
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：引入
When: Spring holiday
Where: Mount Huang
Who: My parents and I
要点二：事件
时间状语从句交代背景“While enjoying the beautiful view, we heard a strange sound.”；
并列句推进动作“We followed the sound and found a boy…”；
定语从句补充信息“…a boy who had fallen into a small hole.”（had fallen 用过去完成时，说明“掉进坑”发生在“发现”之前）；
一系列动作展示人物的行为，时间状语从句交代结果“called 120 immediately；stayed with；comforted；…until the ambulance arrived.” ，被动语态交代结局“the boy was taken to the hospital safely.”。
要点三：感受
点出关键词proud，“We felt proud because…”。
2．例文
A Terrible Rainstorm Last summer, I experienced a terrible rainstorm. It was a dark and windy evening.
When the rainstorm came, I was doing my homework. My mother was cooking, and my father was watching TV. Suddenly, the rain became very heavy and the wind blew strongly. The power went out.
We stayed calm and took action. My father lit some candles. My mother and I closed all the windows. We also put towels by the door to stop the water. Then we stayed together until the storm stopped.
That was a scary but unforgettable experience.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：记叙文（短文/经历描述），主要时态为一般过去时（描述灾害发生的时间、经过）和过去进行时（描述灾害发生时正在进行的动作）。
明确要点：经历的自然灾害（可怕的暴风雨/黑暗多风的傍晚等）、灾害发生时正在做什么（我在做作业/妈妈在做饭/爸爸在看电视等）、和家人应对的措施（保持冷静/点燃蜡烛/关紧窗户/用毛巾挡门/聚在一起等）。
确定人称：第一人称（I/my/we），体现个人经历的真实分享。
注意事项：不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名；词数100词左右；使用过去进行时；语句通顺，条理清晰。
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：点明时间和事件——去年夏天经历了一场可怕的暴风雨。
主体段：分两个层次展开。灾害发生时正在做什么（我在做作业/妈妈在做饭/爸爸在看电视/雨变大/停电）→ 应对措施（保持冷静/点燃蜡烛/关紧窗户/用毛巾挡门/聚在一起），层次清晰，信息全面。
结尾段：总结这是可怕但难忘的经历。
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：经历的自然灾害
核心词汇：experienced/terrible rainstorm/dark and windy evening等
句式表达：I experienced a terrible rainstorm/It was a dark and windy evening等
要点二：灾害发生时正在做什么
核心词汇：was doing my homework/was cooking/was watching TV/rain became heavy/wind blew strongly/power went out等
句式表达：I was doing my homework/My mother was cooking, and my father was watching TV/Suddenly, the rain became very heavy and the wind blew strongly/The power went out等
要点三：应对措施——具体行动
核心词汇：stayed calm/lit some candles/closed all the windows/put towels by the door/stop the water/stayed together等
句式表达：We stayed calm and took action/My father lit some candles/My mother and I closed all the windows/We also put towels by the door to stop the water/Then we stayed together until the storm stopped等
要点四：感受总结
核心观点：scary but unforgettable experience等
升华主题：通过真实描述自然灾害的经历，展现面对突发状况时保持冷静、家人团结协作的重要性，传递勇气与亲情的力量。
3．例文
My Favorite Plant
My favorite plant is baobab.
Its trunk is short and it has lots of branches. Its leaves are 9 to 16 cm long and 4 to 6 cm wide. At the same time, all of its branches are in strange shapes, so it looks very funny. Many branches look like tree roots. Its fruit is very big like a football. It’s the favorite food of monkeys, so it gets this funny and special name. Its age is 5000 years old or so. As a result, it’s one of the oldest plants in the world.
That’s all. I hope everyone loves this kind of funny tree.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：介绍性说明文，用一般现在时为主
明确要点：猴面包树的主干与分枝特征、叶片尺寸特征、树枝外形特征、果实特点、寿命情况，共5项核心要点
确定人称：第一人称 (I/my)
注意事项：不得透露真实姓名与学校名称，词数控制在80词左右
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：总起句，点明自己最喜欢的植物是猴面包树，简单说明喜爱的核心原因
主体段：分层次介绍猴面包树的核心特征，按题干要点顺序展开，先写外形特征 (主干、叶片、树枝)，再写果实与寿命特点
结尾段：总结感受，升华主题，再次表达对猴面包树的喜爱之情，呼吁大家也能喜欢这种有趣的树
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：主干与分枝特征
核心名词选择：leaf/centimeter/length/width等
基础描述句式：Its leaves are 9 to 16 cm long and 4 to 6 cm wide.
拓展表达选择：in length/in width/9-16 cm/4-6 cm等
要点三：树枝外形特征
核心名词选择：branch/root/shape等
基础描述句式：All of its branches are in strange shapes. Many branches look like tree roots.
拓展表达选择：strange shapes/just like tree roots/funny/special等
要点四：果实特征
核心名词选择：fruit/football/monkey/animal等
基础描述句式：Its fruit is very big like a football. It’s the favorite food of monkeys.
拓展表达选择：as huge as a football/monkeys and many other wild animals等
要点五：寿命特征
核心名词选择：lifespan/year/oldest tree/plant等
基础描述句式：Its age is 5000 years old or so. As a result, it’s one of the oldest plants in the world.
拓展表达选择：about 5000 years/one of the longest-lived trees/known as等
4．
例文
I have some free time activities I really enjoy. I like playing basketball, reading and listening to music.
Why do I like them First, basketball helps me build a strong body. Second, reading and music relax my mind. When I feel stressed, they make me calm. Third, these activities help me learn and make friends.
I think free time activities are very important. They make our life colorful and healthy. I hope everyone finds their favorite activities and enjoys them. Let’s have fun together!
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：说明文（业余活动介绍），用一般现在时
明确要点：喜欢的业余活动有哪些、参与这些活动的原因（强身健体、放松身心等）、鼓励大家进行业余活动
确定人称：第一人称（I）
注意事项：需包含所有要点，词数80左右
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：点明喜欢的业余活动（打篮球、阅读、听音乐）
主体段：阐述参与活动的原因（打篮球强身健体、阅读和音乐放松身心、帮助学习和交友）
结尾段：鼓励大家进行业余活动（业余活动很重要、让生活丰富多彩和健康、希望每个人找到喜欢的活动并享受）
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：喜欢的业余活动
活动列举：playing basketball/reading/listening to music等
要点二：活动原因（强身健体）
原因表达：helps me build a strong body/keeps me fit and energetic/makes me strong等
要点三：活动原因（放松身心）
原因表达：relax my mind/make me calm and peaceful/helps me forget stress等
要点四：活动原因（其他）
原因表达：help me learn and make friends/learn new things/get to know more people等
要点五：鼓励大家
鼓励表达：free time activities are very important/make our life colorful and healthy/hope everyone finds their favorite activities and enjoys them/let’s have fun together等
5．例文：
Dear Jim,
I’m glad to hear that you are planning to go to the City Park. The park is not far from here. Just go straight and turn right at the first corner. Walk along the road and turn left when you see a hospital on your left side. Then go straight again. The park is up the street on your right. You can’t miss it.
The park is really a good place. It’s very beautiful and the air is fresh. You can take a walk, read books or just sit and relax there.
I hope you will enjoy yourselves.
Yours,
Li Dong
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：邮件/说明文，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：指出前往公园的路线、简单介绍公园的情况
确定人称：第一人称 (I) 和第二人称 (you)
注意事项：不得出现真实信息；收信人为Jim；词数80-100
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：表达高兴，说明公园不远
主体段：
第一层：具体指路
第二层：介绍公园的情况
结尾段：表达祝愿
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：开头表达
常用词汇：glad to hear/planning to go/not far/close/walk there等
常用句型：I’m glad to hear that.../The park is not far from here./It’s very close to the hotel./You can easily walk there.等
要点二：指路
常用句型：Go straight and turn right at the first corner./Walk along the road./Turn left when you see a hospital./The park is up the street on your right./Go past the restaurant and you will find it.等
要点三：介绍公园
常用词汇：good place/have fun/beautiful/air/fresh/trees/flowers/relaxing等
常用句型：The park is a good place to have fun./It's beautiful with many trees and flowers./The air is fresh./It's very relaxing./You can take a walk or read under the trees.等
要点四：结尾祝愿
常用词汇：hope/enjoy yourselves/have a nice day/great time等
常用句型：I hope you will enjoy yourselves./Have a nice day./Wish you a great time./Enjoy your visit to the park.等
6．One possible version:
Yuncheng Salt Lake
Yuncheng Salt Lake is a beautiful place in southern Shanxi. It is known as the “Dead Sea of China” because the water is very salty.
What makes it special The water changes colors with seasons. In summer, it is like a colorful mirror. In winter, white salt flowers shine like snow. Because of the high salt, people float easily on the water. Visitors can enjoy salt baths, take photos, and learn salt history.
We should protect this scenic area. Do not litter or take too much salt. Follow the rules. If everyone helps, Yuncheng Salt Lake will stay beautiful for years.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：说明文，一般现在时为主
明确要点：介绍运城盐湖的地理位置、“中国死海”的别称及原因，描述其季节变色、易漂浮的特色，列举游客活动，呼吁保护措施
确定人称：第三人称（it/visitors）+第一人称复数（we）
注意事项：结构清晰，突出景点特色，语言生动，环保呼吁具体可行
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构
开头段（第一段）：介绍运城盐湖的地理位置及“中国死海”的别称与原因
主体段（第二段）：阐述景点特色，列举游客活动
结尾段（第三段）：呼吁保护，强调共同保护让盐湖长久美丽
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：基本信息
Yuncheng Salt Lake/southern Shanxi/known as “Dead Sea of China”/water is very salty/a famous scenic spot in south Shanxi/called the “Dead Sea of China” for its high salt content等
要点二：景点特色
湖水变色：water changes colors with seasons/summer: colorful mirror/winter: white salt flowers like snow/the lake’s color varies with seasons/in summer, it looks like a colorful mirror; in winter, white salt flowers glow like snow等
漂浮：high salt/people float easily on the water/due to the high salt concentration, people can float on the water without difficulty等
要点三：游客活动
enjoy salt baths/take photos/learn salt history/experience salt baths/take beautiful photos/know about the history of salt production等
要点四：保护呼吁
protect this scenic area/do not litter/take too much salt/follow the rules/stay beautiful/protect this precious scenic spot/never throw rubbish/do not take excessive salt/obey the rules/keep the lake beautiful forever等
7．例文
My favourite food
My favourite food is tomato and egg noodles. It is simple but delicious.
To make it, I first boil the noodles. Then, I fry tomatoes and eggs together. Finally, I mix them with the noodles and add some salt.
I love it because it reminds me of my mum. Once when I was sick, she made this for me. The warm soup made me feel better. It tastes like love.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：说明文，时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主
明确要点：围绕 “My favourite food” 主题，介绍美食、制作步骤、喜欢原因及相关记忆
确定人称：第一人称
注意事项：词数 60-80；包含所有提示要点；不得出现真实个人信息；行文连贯
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：点明最喜欢的美食
主体段：简述制作步骤并说明喜欢的原因
结尾段：分享与这道美食相关的一段记忆
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：点明美食名称
美食介绍：My favourite food is tomato and egg noodles/ Tomato and egg noodles are my favourite等
特点描述：It is simple but delicious/It is a simple but tasty home-style dish等
要点二：介绍制作步骤
起始步骤：To make it, I first boil the noodles/First, cook the noodles in boiling water until soft等
中间步骤：Then, I fry tomatoes and eggs together/Next, stir-fry the chopped tomatoes and beaten eggs together等
收尾步骤：Finally, I mix them with the noodles and add some salt/At last, combine the noodles with the tomato and egg mixture and add a little salt to taste等
要点三：说明喜欢的原因
情感原因：I love it because it reminds me of my mum/It always makes me feel warm and cared for等
其他原因：It tastes like love and home/It is light, delicious and easy to make等
要点四：分享相关记忆
核心回忆：Once when I was sick, she made this for me/The warm soup made me feel better等
8．
示例
Tilly Smith’s Story
On 26 December 2004, 10-year-old English schoolgirl Tilly Smith was on holiday in Phuket with her family.
While on the beach, she noticed strange signs of a tsunami from her geography lesson. She warned her family and others, so they left the beach quickly. Soon the tsunami hit. Thanks to Tilly, about 100 people were saved.
This story tells us that knowledge is powerful and we should use it to help others.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：记叙文，以一般过去时为主
明确要点：时间地点人物、事情经过（发现与行动）、结果与启示
确定人称：第三人称（She/Her）
注意事项：紧扣课文内容，字数控制在80词左右
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：介绍时间、地点、人物（Tilly Smith, 2004, Thailand）。
主体段：描述事情经过（发现海水异常、想起地理课、告知父母并警告他人）。
结尾段：说明结果（救人）和启示（知识的力量）。
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：基本信息
时间：December 26, 2004
地点：a beach in Thailand/island
人物：Tilly Smith/her parents/sisters
要点二：事情经过
发现：noticed something strange about the waves/saw the waves coming in instead of going out/thick white froth on the waves
行动：cried out to warn everyone/refused to stay on the beach/helped people leave the beach quickly
要点三：结果与启示
结果：saved many people’s lives/all the people on the beach were safe/avoided the big tsunami
启示：knowledge is powerful/we should learn to use our knowledge to help others/stay calm when facing danger
9．
例文
Save Every Coin
Saving every coin is a great life habit, and it’s really important for everyone.
Saving money helps us deal with unexpected life problems in our daily life. It also lets us realize our small dreams and learn to cherish what our parents give us.
In my daily life, I never buy unnecessary snacks or expensive toys. Besides, I put most of my pocket money into a piggy bank instead of spending it casually on useless things.
Saving money is a good habit for every teenager. Let’s save every coin and use money wisely all the time.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：应用文（征文），以一般现在时为主
明确要点：存钱的重要性、日常存钱方法、呼吁养成好习惯
确定人称：第一人称（I/my）和第一人称复数（we/let’s）
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：已给出，点明存钱是一种好习惯
主体段：存钱的重要性+日常存钱方法
结尾段：呼吁同学们养成存钱的好习惯
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：存钱的重要性
helps us deal with unexpected life problems/realize our small dreams/learn to cherish what parents give us/prepare for the future/avoid waste/learn to be independent等
要点二：日常存钱方法
never buy unnecessary snacks or expensive toys/put pocket money into a piggy bank/make a shopping list before buying/compare prices before spending/save extra coins every day/set a weekly saving goal等
要点三：呼吁养成好习惯
a good habit for every teenager/save every coin/use money wisely/start from now/be a smart saver/value every cent等
10．例文
Different Cultures, Different Manners
Different countries have different manners.
In China, people usually shake hands when they meet. In Japan, people bow to greet each other, while in some Western countries, people kiss cheeks lightly. Table manners are also different. Chinese use chopsticks to eat meals, but Western people use forks and knives. We should learn about and respect different manners.
Good manners help us communicate well with others and get on well with people from different cultures. They also help us make more friends.
【详解】[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：说明文，时态以一般现在时为主
明确要点：完整覆盖三大核心内容（不同问候方式、餐桌礼仪、个人看法），词数70-90词，偏基础难度
确定人称：第一人称/客观陈述
注意事项：语句通顺、语法正确、书写规范
[第二步：构思布局]
开头段：点明不同文化有不同礼仪的主题
主体段：依次介绍①不同国家的问候方式；②不同的餐桌礼仪
结尾段：表达个人看法，强调尊重不同礼仪的重要性
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：不同问候方式
shake hands in China/bow in Japan/kiss cheeks in some Western countries
要点二：餐桌礼仪
use chopsticks in China/use forks and knives in Western countries
要点三：个人看法
learn and respect different manners/good manners help us communicate better/make more friends
11．范文：
Dear Peter,
I’m excited to share my dream job with you. I want to be a doctor when I grow up. The reason is that I want to help sick people and make them healthy.
To achieve this goal, I will study hard, especially biology and chemistry. I will also practice being patient and caring. I know it’s not easy, but I believe working hard will make my dream come true.
What is your dream job I’d love to hear about it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：电子邮件（书信类应用文），以一般现在时和一般将来时为主
明确要点：介绍梦想职业、原因、实现计划
确定人称：第一人称（I/my）
注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，语法正确，无拼写错误
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：总起句，点明写信目的，引出梦想职业并介绍原因
主体段：说明为目标努力的具体计划，并表达对未来的期待
结尾段：向笔友发出互动提问
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：梦想职业与原因
职业选择：doctor/teacher/police officer
原因说明：help sick people/teach students knowledge/protect people’s safety
要点二：实现目标的努力计划
学习提升：study hard/make progress little by little/focus on schoolwork/read more books on medicine
能力练习：practice being patient and caring/learn to be caring/develop good qualities like patience and responsibility
未来展望：make my dream come true/achieve the goal/realize the dream
要点三：互动提问
互动表达：What is your dream job /Which job do you want to take up
12．例文
Our family’s green resolutions for this year:
First, we will replace all old bulbs with LED lights. How easy it is to save energy! Second, we will turn off computers and TVs when no one is using them. Third, we will take shorter showers to save water. What a simple way to help the planet! Fourth, we will bring reusable bags when shopping—no more plastic bags. Fifth, we will recycle all paper, cans and bottles.
I hope everyone will join us. Together we can make a greener world.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：通知类应用文，以一般将来时为主，结合一般现在时
明确要点：五条绿色生活行动
确定人称：第一人称 (we/our)
注意事项：不得透露真实信息，使用We will/We should/We can等表达，并至少使用一个感叹句（What/How）
[第二步：构思布局]
分条并列式结构：
开头段：简要介绍家里即将开展绿色生活行动
主体段(第二至六段)：每条通知单独成段，便于逐条阅读
结尾段：总结感受，升华主题
[第三步：要点展开]
要点：绿色生活行动倡议
具体建议：replace all old bulbs with LED lights/turn off computers and TVs/take shorter showers/bring reusable bags/recycle all paper, cans and bottles/buy second-hand products/choose walking, biking or public transport/cut down food waste等
正面影响：save energy/save water/help the planet/make a greener world/reduce carbon emissions/improve air quality/decrease plastic pollution等
13．
范文：
Dear schoolmates:
As more foreign visitors come to our city, our behavior reflects the image of Chinese teenagers.
On campus, we should follow school rules, such as wearing uniforms and keeping quiet in class. In public places, we must obey traffic rules and never run red lights. When taking public transport, we should wait in line and offer seats to the elderly, children and those in need.
I call on everyone to be a polite and responsible student. Let’s start from small things and show the best of ourselves to the world. Small acts of kindness can make a big difference.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：倡议书，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：校园内遵守校规、公共场合遵守交通规则、出行时遵守秩序、个人倡议
确定人称：第一人称复数（we）和第二人称（you）为主
注意事项：不得出现真实姓名和校名，需以李华名义书写
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：已给出，引出文明行为的重要性
主体段：分别阐述校园内、公共场合、出行时的文明行为
结尾段：个人倡议，发出号召
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：校园内行为
具体做法：wear uniforms/keep quiet in class/respect teachers/not run in hallways等
要点二：公共场合行为
具体做法：obey traffic rules/never run red lights/use crosswalk/keep public places clean等
要点三：出行时行为
具体做法：wait in line/offer seats to the elderly, children and those in need/not push others等
要点四：个人倡议
倡议表达：I call on everyone to be a polite and responsible student/Let’s start from small things/show the best of ourselves to the world等
座右铭：Small acts of kindness can make a big difference/Together we can make our city better等
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