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Unit 3　课时作业(四)
单元知识综合练
(分值:52.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.memorial
A.n.纪念碑　B.adj.纪念的,追悼的　C.n.纪念物
①The painting will be a lasting memorial to a remarkable woman.　　　
②The town raised a memorial to those killed in the war.　　　
③This is a memorial service in the dead man’s honour.　　　
2.sum
A.v.概括　B.n.总和　C.n.金额
①We can sum up the main point of the lesson in three sentences.　　　
②The sums of money involved in the trade are potentially huge.　　　
③Cultural environment is the sum of human existence and social development.　　　
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
①Through science we’ve got the idea of associating progress with the future.　　　　　　　
②You will feel energetic and delighted when you associate with positive people.　　　　　　　
③I got a new job and a new group of work associates.　　　　　　　
④He is an associate editor of the newspaper.　　　　　　　
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Since the day of its birth,the United Nations has been the subject of much debate.1.　　　 Others think that it is too weak.We can better understand the debate if we learn more about the UN and its history.
The UN was started for two reasons.First,when the idea was born,people all over the world were tired of war.They felt that there must be peaceful answers to the world’s problems.2.　　　 The second reason was that new bombs and airplanes had been developed because of modern science.3.　　　 National borders were beginning to lose their meanings.Science would develop even more dangerous weapons in the future.Only an international organisation would be able to control this threat.
Leaders at the time believed that the Allies (同盟国) should plan for peace before the war ended.In 1943,they agreed to start an organisation for world peace.4.　　
　　During the next year and a half,the idea of such an organisation was debated around the world.Then came the big day.On 25 April 1945,the first international meeting of the United Nations took place in San Francisco.The goal of the meeting was to write the UN Charter (《联合国宪章》).All of the fifty nations at the meeting had their own ideas to offer for the Charter.5.　　　 Every nation present voted for the Charter.No one voted against it.
A.After a long debate,a final Charter was agreed upon.
B.The UN Charter is a beautiful piece of writing.
C.All countries were invited,large and small,to join the organisation.
D.Even the smallest country on earth can have its voice heard.
E.They also felt that only an international organisation could keep world peace.
F.These weapons made it almost impossible for a country to defend itself.
G.Some people attack the organisation because they think it is too powerful.
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
When she was 13,Giorgia began to suffer a severe skin disorder.It started out on her arms and face and continued to 　1　.Soon the angry,red rash (皮疹) covered nearly 97% of her body at times and could be extremely uncomfortable.
But for Giorgia,the most pain was 　2　 she was treated by others simply because of her physical appearance.People would stop and stare at her in the street,as if she was 　3　.She felt so self-conscious about the condition that it was 　4　 her life.
That seemed 　5　 enough on its own.Giorgia also unexpectedly lost her father.She felt like her world went to 　6　.They were so close when she was growing up,and she couldn’t 　7　 losing him.
Fortunately,Giorgia had a strong and beautiful spirit inside.She realised she had a 　8　:she could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 　9　 to love herself and the way she was made.Giorgia 　10　 her body and decided she’d no longer try to 　11　 her skin.It was part of her.
She started a photo series 　12　,displaying her natural self.She hopes that others struggling with their body image will gain 　13　 and inspiration from the pictures she shares.“We might have 　14　 that make us look different from other women,but we are still beautiful.I know my dad would be proud of me for my 　15　.Now I’ve come to terms with my disease,and I want to help others do the same.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了得皮肤病的女孩Giorgia积极对抗疾病、接纳自我的故事。
(　　)1.[A]flash [B]decline
[C]bother [D]spread
(　　)2.[A]why [B]how
[C]when [D]whether
(　　)3.[A]disgusting [B]precious
[C]interesting [D]complex
(　　)4.[A]closing [B]ruining
[C]leading [D]wasting
(　　)5.[A]dangerous [B]fantastic
[C]familiar [D]stressful
(　　)6.[A]pieces [B]parts
[C]bits [D]blocks
(　　)7.[A]mind [B]admit
[C]bear [D]risk
(　　)8.[A]plan [B]choice
[C]duty [D]promise
(　　)9.[A]truth [B]priority
[C]support [D]courage
(　　)10.[A]controlled [B]destroyed
[C]accepted [D]examined
(　　)11.[A]cover up [B]get under
[C]take off [D]break down
(　　)12.[A]regrettably [B]gratefully
[C]seriously [D]bravely
(　　)13.[A]knowledge [B]strength
[C]ability [D]experience
(　　)14.[A]conditions [B]affairs
[C]elements [D]qualities
(　　)15.[A]dream [B]kindness
[C]attitude [D]generosity
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
请你根据下面的人物信息提示,用英语写一篇介绍战斗英雄的文章。
董存瑞,1929年出生于河北省怀来县的一个农民家庭。13岁时,被当地人民称为“抗日小英雄”;1945年参军,因多次立功被批准提前入党;在1948年解放隆化县的战斗中英勇牺牲。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Unit 3　课时作业(三)
(分值:40分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.Bus services will be 　　　　 (扰乱) tomorrow because of the bridge closure.
2.Good eating habits help to 　　　　 (加强) the body against diseases.
3.The architect presented a detailed 　　　　(蓝图) for the new library, outlining its design and layout.
4.His engaging personality made him popular with his 　　　　 (同龄人).
5.Despite facing numerous challenges, he never 　　　　(逃避) his responsibilities and always gave his best effort.
6.We celebrated our tenth 　　　　(周年纪念日) by taking a trip to the place where we first met.
7.A few chickens were scratching around in the yard for　　　　(谷物,粮食).
8.The town decided to 　　　　(为……举行纪念活动) its founding with a grand parade and fireworks display.
【答案】 1.disrupted　2.fortify　3.blueprint　4.peers　5.shirked　6.anniversary　7.grain
8.commemorate
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.The students return in October for the start of the new　　　　 (academy) year.
2.We sometimes tend to overlook some significant events emerging 　　　　 the Internet.
3.I think we should figure out some ways to stop people from polluting the river and call on them to fight 　　　　 pollution.
4.The 　　　　(associate) between regular exercise and improved mental health has been well-documented in numerous studies.
5.The award of the Nobel Prize has crowned a　　　　 (glory) career in physics.
6.Due to her talent in art, she is referred to 　　　　 a future artist by everyone in school.
7.She is a 　　　　(dedication) teacher who always goes above and beyond to help her students succeed.
8.To achieve our ambitious goal,we should make full use of our　　　　 (collect) wisdom.
【答案】 1.academic　2.from　3.against　
4.association　5.glorious　6.as　
7.dedicated　8.collective
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.当她听到儿子被他梦想的大学录取的消息时,脸上洋溢着喜悦。(light up)
2.只有当我们失去某物的时候,我们才知道我们应该珍惜它。(Only when...)
3.如果你现在逃避责任,你以后一定会后悔的。(shirk one’s duty)
4.她努力学习,为自己以后的学习打下基础。(lay the foundation for)
5.她经常参加英语辩论赛,难怪她的英语口语表达能力这么强。 (it is no wonder that)
【答案】 1.Her face lit up with pleasure when she heard the news that her son was admitted to his dream university.
2.Only when we lose something will we know we should value it.
3.If you shirk your duty now,you’ll definitely regret later.
4.She works hard and lays the foundation for her future study.
5.It is no wonder that her English speaking ability is so strong, considering she often participates in English debate competitions.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Is war unavoidable Can war be prevented
History tells that there were wars,great or small,in every century,in every decade.Throughout the ages,from the Stone Age to the Atomic Age,men have been fighting,first with swords and shields (盾),then with guns and cannons,and now,hydrogen bombs and missiles (导弹) are used for military purposes.But,in spite of all these,it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won,but it requires the effort of every one of us.
I am sure that we would not like to experience another world war.If it ever happens,two-thirds of the world and much of the civilisation which men have gained through time,patience and efforts will be destroyed.Will then the remaining one-third of the world be able to survive on its own
Our task now is not to blame the past,but to plan for the future.
If there is peace in the world,men can use their rockets to explore the mystery of space,their submarines to explore the depth of the sea,their missiles to deliver mails and their fine equipment to penetrate the jungles of Africa,instead of using them for military.
Governments can use their money to build more schools,so that more children can be educated to be useful citizens.Scientists can use atomic energy to power steamships and planes.They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of living of the people.
How can a peaceful world be achieved It requires,in my opinion,the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.Let no one suffer discrimination (歧视) by reasons of colour,race,religion,or national origin.Let the rich support the poor and the strong help the weak.
We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or a month.It may even take decades or centuries.But let us plan and begin now.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了战争发生的可能性以及为了实现和平我们该如何做。
(　　)1.In the author’s opinion,which one is correct
[A]It is too difficult to achieve peace.
[B]Peace can be won through the efforts of all human beings.
[C]Another world war is inevitable.
[D]Wars will always exist in the world.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“it is still my belief...of every one of us”以及倒数第二段中的“It requires...all people from all nations.”可知,作者认为通过全人类的努力可以实现和平。故选B。
(　　)2.What can we infer from the passage
[A]Wars were not expensive in the past.
[B]Wars can promote the development of weapons.
[C]Things for military use can be transformed to peaceful use.
[D]As long as there are wars,people’s way of living cannot be improved.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。结合第五段内容可知,用于军事用途的设备可转变成用于和平用途。故选C。
(　　)3.Which word can best describe the author’s picture of the future world
[A]Optimistic. [B]Pessimistic.
[C]Imaginative. [D]Disappointing.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it is still my belief... can be won”和全文内容可知,作者对未来的世界持乐观态度。故选A。
(　　)4.What’s the best title for this passage
[A]The Past and the Future
[B]To Die or to Survive
[C]War and Peace
[D]Understanding and Friendship
【答案】 C
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章主要论述了战争发生的可能性以及为了实现和平我们该如何做。因此C项最适合作本文标题。故选C。Unit 3　课时作业(一)
(分值:38分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共9题;每题1分,共9分)
1.The military　　　　(部队) was deployed to the border region to maintain security.
2.In spite of the fog,the crew can distinguish the 　　　　(海岸线) fairly well.
3.As he walked through the old neighbourhood, he 　　　　(回想) childhood memories that seemed like yesterday.
4.Her face was so　　　　 (严肃的) that he almost whispered his answer.
5.I think that intellectual curiosity is the most important characteristic of an 　　　　(杰出的,优秀的) student.
6.One of our rules is that every student should wear school　　　　 (制服) while at school.
7.The crowd cried out in 　　　　(惊恐) as the car burst into flames.
8.We Chinese hold the view that we will love 　　　　(和平) forever.
9.A 　　　　(纪念的) hall was built in honour of the hero.
【答案】 1.troop　2.coastline　3.recalled　4.solemn　5.outstanding　6.uniform　7.horror　
8.peace　9.memorial
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共6题;每题1.5分,共9分)
1.We are often taught to fight against 　　　　(violent) and protect peace.
2.Building such a bridge over the bay was a hard nut to crack,but the local government made
　　　　 within two years.
3.She tried her best to free herself　　　　the boring work and begin a new life journey.
4.Staying with their family can provide emotional 　　　　(stable) for the children.
5.He raised a strong 　　　　(object) to the proposal, stating it was impractical.
6.Becoming a 　　　　(professionalism) musician requires years of dedicated practice, performance experience, and a deep love for music.
【答案】 1.violence　2.it　3.from　4.stability　5.objection　6.professional
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.这个志愿者小组主要由高中生组成。(be made up of)
2.最重要的是你要对自己有信心。(have confidence in)
3.随着专家们走进礼堂,所有的观众都起立,热烈地鼓掌。(with复合结构)
4.她在舞台上的表演不亚于一个奇迹,或者说是一个大大的惊喜。(nothing less than)
5.如果时间允许,晚饭后我们可以绕着操场散步。(独立主格结构)
【答案】 1.The voluntary group was mainly made up of high school students.
2.The most important thing is to have confidence in yourself.
3.With the experts entering the hall, all the audience stood up and clapped enthusiastically.
4.Her performance on the stage was nothing less than a miracle or a big surprise.
5.Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Hundreds of years ago,a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots,a brave people,love their country. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland. But there were too many of the Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.
One night,the leader of the Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill.“We will rest here tonight,my men,” he said.“Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win,or we will die.”
They were all very tired so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep.Four guards were on duty,but overwhelmed by exhaustion,they fell asleep one by one.
The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they went up the hill. Closer they came to the sleeping Scots.They were almost at the top. A few minutes more the war would be over. Suddenly,one of them put his foot on a thistle (蓟). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots.In a minute,they were on their feet and ready for a battle. The fighting was hard,but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out the Romans and saved Scotland.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people liked it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了几百年前,在苏格兰人民抵御罗马军队入侵的战斗中,一种叫蓟的植物在关键时刻帮助苏格兰人击败了罗马军队。
(　　)1.Why did it initially seem that the Romans would win
[A]Because the Scots were not brave.
[B]Because the Roman army was so strong.
[C]Because the Scots did not have a good leader.
[D]Because the Romans had the support from the Scottish.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知,起初罗马人似乎要胜利了,那是因为罗马军队士兵众多,看起来很强大。故选B。
(　　)2.Why were the Scots woken
[A]Because they were too tired to sleep well.
[B]Because one of the guards pretended to sleep.
[C]Because one of the Romans stepped on a thistle and let out a cry.
[D]Because the Romans got too close and the Scots discovered them.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Suddenly,one of them...cry woke the Scots.”可知,苏格兰士兵醒来是因为一个罗马士兵踩到了蓟,喊出声来,惊醒了他们。故选C。
(　　)3.What happened to all the Scots who were asleep at the hill with the shout of a Roman soldier
[A]They began to fight the Romans hard.
[B]They stood up without putting on their shoes and began to fight.
[C]They woke up and rose to their feet immediately,ready to fight.
[D]They put their feet into their shoes at once and were ready to fight.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In a minute,they were on their feet and ready for a battle.”可知,苏格兰士兵醒来后,立即站起来准备战斗。故选C。
(　　)4.Why did the Scots make thistle their national flower
[A]Because thistle is lovely,though not beautiful.
[B]Because thistle gave them happiness.
[C]Because thistle is a kind of useful plant.
[D]Because thistle helped the Scots in wiping out the Romans.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段的内容可知,因为蓟在关键时刻发挥了重要作用,帮助苏格兰人打败了罗马军队,所以他们把蓟定为国花。故选D。Unit 3　课时作业(二)
(分值:45.5分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共7题;每题1.5分,共10.5分)
1.Although horses,sheep and pigs sometimes are affected by this disease,cattle 　　　　 (be) the most frequent animal victims.
2.A group of sheep 　　　　 (be) eating grass and leaves at the foot of the hill.
3.The class 　　　　(be) very excited about the upcoming field trip.
4.The young couple 　　　　(quarrel) with each other now.
5.The committee 　　　　(be) made up of 20 members who 　　　　 (be) experts in medicine.
6.The rescue team 　　　　(lead) by an expert local guide and arrived at the remote area.
7.The crew of the wrecked yacht 　　　　(pick) up by rescue workers, some of whom were slightly injured.
【答案】 1.are　2.are　3.are　4.are quarreling　
5.is;are　6.was led　7.were picked
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.在过去的两年里,这些毕业生已经研发出了一些先进的设备。(equipment)
2.令老师高兴的是,最近几个月全班学生的作业都做得非常出色。(class)
3.每一代人都有自己的价值观。(generation)
4.昨晚我们中的一些人被邀请去史密斯先生的聚会。(group)
5.政府因在污染防治中采取了积极有效的措施而得到了公众的认可。(government)
【答案】 1.Some advanced equipment has been developed by these graduates in the past two years.
2.To the teacher’s delight, all the class have done their homework exceptionally well in recent months.
3.Each generation has its own values.
4.A group of us were invited to Mr Smith’s party last night.
5.Having taken the active and effective measures in the pollution prevention,the government was acknowledged by the public.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
War can be deadly for wildlife.A new study reports that war is the biggest threat to Africa’s elephants,rhinoceroses,and other animals.Researchers examined how years of conflict in Africa have affected the populations of large animals.More than 70 per cent of Africa’s protected wildlife areas have been within a war zone at some point in the last 70 years.“The more frequent the fighting is,the greater the drop in animal populations will be,”said Daskin,an ecologist at Yale University.He was the lead author of the study,which was published in a famous journal.
“It takes very little conflict,as much as one conflict in about 20 years,for the average wildlife population to decline,” Daskin said.“Areas with frequent fighting—but not necessarily the bloodiest fighting—lose 35 per cent of their large animal populations during each year of war.”
“Some animals get killed by weapons of war.Yet,many also die because of changes in social and economic conditions in an area as a result of war,” said Rob Pringle.He is an ecologist at Princeton University and the study’s co-author.“People in and around war zones are poorer and hungrier.So they may begin to hunt protected animals to eat,” Pringle said.“And during wartime,animal conservation programmes do not have as much money or power to protect wildlife as during peacetime.”
The new study examined the entire African continent over 65 years.The researchers looked at 10 different factors that could change the populations of animals.They included war,drought,the size of the animals,protected areas and human population density.The number of wars had the biggest effect on the wildlife population.The intensity of the wars—measured in the number of human deaths—had the least effect on animals.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了战争给野生动物带来的致命伤害和严重影响。
(　　)1.Which is the most dangerous to Africa’s animals
[A]Hunting. [B]War.
[C]Drought. [D]The economy.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“War can be deadly for wildlife.A new...other animals.”可知,对于非洲的动物来说,战争是最大的危险因素。故选B。
(　　)2.What can we know about the animals in Africa
[A]More than 70 per cent of animals live in a war zone.
[B]Little conflict has no effect on animal populations.
[C]The more frequent the fighting is,the fewer animals there will be.
[D]35 per cent of animals die each year because of war.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中Daskin所说的话可知,战争越频繁,动物的数量就越少。故选C。
(　　)3.Which one of the following is NOT the reason why animals die in the war
[A]Being killed by the weapons.
[B]Being killed by poor and hungry people.
[C]The loss of their habitats.
[D]The lack of money or power to protect them.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知,一些动物被战争中的武器杀死,故排除A;根据第三段第四、五句可知,动物在战争中死亡的另一个原因是贫困而又饥饿的人们捕猎受保护的动物作为食物,故排除B;根据第三段最后一句可知,引发动物死亡的原因还有战争时期缺乏财力和能力保护野生动物,故排除D。故选C。
(　　)4.Which one of the following has the least influence on the wildlife population
[A]The intensity of the wars.
[B]Protected areas.
[C]The number of wars.
[D]The size of the animals.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,战争的强度对于野生动物的数量影响最小。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　It’s 1812 in Moscow.Napoleon has invaded Russia,and his troops get nearer to 1.　　　　 city every day. Emperor Alexander Ⅰ has left Moscow behind,and its inhabitants aren’t certain of what to do next. In the 2.　　　　 (absent) of an authority figure 3.　　　　 knows what he is doing,the people of Moscow just decide 4.　　　　 (have) a good time.
This story is depicted (描绘) by the prominent author Leo Tolstoy in his novel War and Peace.
As I read,I felt like I could see why Tolstoy’s writing in War and Peace continued to influence film and television. He writes from one character’s point of view until a 5.　　　　(differ) major character emerges and then gives the narrative.
Dramatising the ways the small actions of lots of people add up to a major impact 6.　　　　 (be) difficult.Tolstoy’s solution is outstanding. Instead of 7.　　　　 (describe) the long sweep of history,he portrays the lives of ordinary people in the face 8.　　　　 wartime.
War and Peace has a great many 9.　　　　(theme),but its central one might be:we are all people.Nothing is certain,but it is. And that is when things change,for 10.　　　　 (good) or for worse.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章是列夫·托尔斯泰的长篇小说《战争与和平》的书评。
1.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查冠词。分析句意可知,此处表示特指,指代上文中提到的Moscow。故填the。
2.【答案】 absence
【解析】 考查名词。in the absence of为固定搭配,意为“缺乏……”。故填absence。
3.【答案】 who/that
【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词an authority figure,指人,且在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
4.【答案】 to have
【解析】 考查固定搭配。decide to do sth 意为“决定做某事”。故填to have。
5.【答案】 different
【解析】 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词character,应用形容词形式。故填different。
6.【答案】 is
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,此处是对客观事实的描述,应用一般现在时,且主语是动名词短语Dramatising the ways。故填is。
7.【答案】 describing
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词of的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填describing。
8.【答案】 of
【解析】 考查介词。in the face of 意为“面对……”。故填of。
9.【答案】 themes
【解析】 考查名词复数。theme是可数名词,其前有a great many修饰,应用复数形式。故填themes。
10.【答案】 better
【解析】 考查固定搭配。for better or for worse为固定搭配,意为“无论好坏,不管怎样”。故填better。Unit 3　课时作业(三)
(分值:40分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.Bus services will be 　　　　 (扰乱) tomorrow because of the bridge closure.
2.Good eating habits help to 　　　　 (加强) the body against diseases.
3.The architect presented a detailed 　　　　(蓝图) for the new library, outlining its design and layout.
4.His engaging personality made him popular with his 　　　　 (同龄人).
5.Despite facing numerous challenges, he never 　　　　(逃避) his responsibilities and always gave his best effort.
6.We celebrated our tenth 　　　　(周年纪念日) by taking a trip to the place where we first met.
7.A few chickens were scratching around in the yard for　　　　(谷物,粮食).
8.The town decided to 　　　　(为……举行纪念活动) its founding with a grand parade and fireworks display.
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.The students return in October for the start of the new　　　　 (academy) year.
2.We sometimes tend to overlook some significant events emerging 　　　　 the Internet.
3.I think we should figure out some ways to stop people from polluting the river and call on them to fight 　　　　 pollution.
4.The 　　　　(associate) between regular exercise and improved mental health has been well-documented in numerous studies.
5.The award of the Nobel Prize has crowned a　　　　 (glory) career in physics.
6.Due to her talent in art, she is referred to 　　　　 a future artist by everyone in school.
7.She is a 　　　　(dedication) teacher who always goes above and beyond to help her students succeed.
8.To achieve our ambitious goal,we should make full use of our　　　　 (collect) wisdom.
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.当她听到儿子被他梦想的大学录取的消息时,脸上洋溢着喜悦。(light up)
2.只有当我们失去某物的时候,我们才知道我们应该珍惜它。(Only when...)
3.如果你现在逃避责任,你以后一定会后悔的。(shirk one’s duty)
4.她努力学习,为自己以后的学习打下基础。(lay the foundation for)
5.她经常参加英语辩论赛,难怪她的英语口语表达能力这么强。 (it is no wonder that)
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Is war unavoidable Can war be prevented
History tells that there were wars,great or small,in every century,in every decade.Throughout the ages,from the Stone Age to the Atomic Age,men have been fighting,first with swords and shields (盾),then with guns and cannons,and now,hydrogen bombs and missiles (导弹) are used for military purposes.But,in spite of all these,it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won,but it requires the effort of every one of us.
I am sure that we would not like to experience another world war.If it ever happens,two-thirds of the world and much of the civilisation which men have gained through time,patience and efforts will be destroyed.Will then the remaining one-third of the world be able to survive on its own
Our task now is not to blame the past,but to plan for the future.
If there is peace in the world,men can use their rockets to explore the mystery of space,their submarines to explore the depth of the sea,their missiles to deliver mails and their fine equipment to penetrate the jungles of Africa,instead of using them for military.
Governments can use their money to build more schools,so that more children can be educated to be useful citizens.Scientists can use atomic energy to power steamships and planes.They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of living of the people.
How can a peaceful world be achieved It requires,in my opinion,the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.Let no one suffer discrimination (歧视) by reasons of colour,race,religion,or national origin.Let the rich support the poor and the strong help the weak.
We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or a month.It may even take decades or centuries.But let us plan and begin now.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了战争发生的可能性以及为了实现和平我们该如何做。
(　　)1.In the author’s opinion,which one is correct
[A]It is too difficult to achieve peace.
[B]Peace can be won through the efforts of all human beings.
[C]Another world war is inevitable.
[D]Wars will always exist in the world.
(　　)2.What can we infer from the passage
[A]Wars were not expensive in the past.
[B]Wars can promote the development of weapons.
[C]Things for military use can be transformed to peaceful use.
[D]As long as there are wars,people’s way of living cannot be improved.
(　　)3.Which word can best describe the author’s picture of the future world
[A]Optimistic. [B]Pessimistic.
[C]Imaginative. [D]Disappointing.
(　　)4.What’s the best title for this passage
[A]The Past and the Future
[B]To Die or to Survive
[C]War and Peace
[D]Understanding and FriendshipUnit 3　课时作业(一)
(分值:38分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共9题;每题1分,共9分)
1.The military　　　　(部队) was deployed to the border region to maintain security.
2.In spite of the fog,the crew can distinguish the 　　　　(海岸线) fairly well.
3.As he walked through the old neighbourhood, he 　　　　(回想) childhood memories that seemed like yesterday.
4.Her face was so　　　　 (严肃的) that he almost whispered his answer.
5.I think that intellectual curiosity is the most important characteristic of an 　　　　(杰出的,优秀的) student.
6.One of our rules is that every student should wear school　　　　 (制服) while at school.
7.The crowd cried out in 　　　　(惊恐) as the car burst into flames.
8.We Chinese hold the view that we will love 　　　　(和平) forever.
9.A 　　　　(纪念的) hall was built in honour of the hero.
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共6题;每题1.5分,共9分)
1.We are often taught to fight against 　　　　(violent) and protect peace.
2.Building such a bridge over the bay was a hard nut to crack,but the local government made
　　　　 within two years.
3.She tried her best to free herself　　　　the boring work and begin a new life journey.
4.Staying with their family can provide emotional 　　　　(stable) for the children.
5.He raised a strong 　　　　(object) to the proposal, stating it was impractical.
6.Becoming a 　　　　(professionalism) musician requires years of dedicated practice, performance experience, and a deep love for music.
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.这个志愿者小组主要由高中生组成。(be made up of)
2.最重要的是你要对自己有信心。(have confidence in)
3.随着专家们走进礼堂,所有的观众都起立,热烈地鼓掌。(with复合结构)
4.她在舞台上的表演不亚于一个奇迹,或者说是一个大大的惊喜。(nothing less than)
5.如果时间允许,晚饭后我们可以绕着操场散步。(独立主格结构)
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Hundreds of years ago,a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots,a brave people,love their country. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland. But there were too many of the Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.
One night,the leader of the Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill.“We will rest here tonight,my men,” he said.“Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win,or we will die.”
They were all very tired so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep.Four guards were on duty,but overwhelmed by exhaustion,they fell asleep one by one.
The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they went up the hill. Closer they came to the sleeping Scots.They were almost at the top. A few minutes more the war would be over. Suddenly,one of them put his foot on a thistle (蓟). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots.In a minute,they were on their feet and ready for a battle. The fighting was hard,but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out the Romans and saved Scotland.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people liked it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了几百年前,在苏格兰人民抵御罗马军队入侵的战斗中,一种叫蓟的植物在关键时刻帮助苏格兰人击败了罗马军队。
(　　)1.Why did it initially seem that the Romans would win
[A]Because the Scots were not brave.
[B]Because the Roman army was so strong.
[C]Because the Scots did not have a good leader.
[D]Because the Romans had the support from the Scottish.
(　　)2.Why were the Scots woken
[A]Because they were too tired to sleep well.
[B]Because one of the guards pretended to sleep.
[C]Because one of the Romans stepped on a thistle and let out a cry.
[D]Because the Romans got too close and the Scots discovered them.
(　　)3.What happened to all the Scots who were asleep at the hill with the shout of a Roman soldier
[A]They began to fight the Romans hard.
[B]They stood up without putting on their shoes and began to fight.
[C]They woke up and rose to their feet immediately,ready to fight.
[D]They put their feet into their shoes at once and were ready to fight.
(　　)4.Why did the Scots make thistle their national flower
[A]Because thistle is lovely,though not beautiful.
[B]Because thistle gave them happiness.
[C]Because thistle is a kind of useful plant.
[D]Because thistle helped the Scots in wiping out the Romans.Unit 3　课时作业(二)
(分值:45.5分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共7题;每题1.5分,共10.5分)
1.Although horses,sheep and pigs sometimes are affected by this disease,cattle 　　　　 (be) the most frequent animal victims.
2.A group of sheep 　　　　 (be) eating grass and leaves at the foot of the hill.
3.The class 　　　　(be) very excited about the upcoming field trip.
4.The young couple 　　　　(quarrel) with each other now.
5.The committee 　　　　(be) made up of 20 members who 　　　　 (be) experts in medicine.
6.The rescue team 　　　　(lead) by an expert local guide and arrived at the remote area.
7.The crew of the wrecked yacht 　　　　(pick) up by rescue workers, some of whom were slightly injured.
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.在过去的两年里,这些毕业生已经研发出了一些先进的设备。(equipment)
2.令老师高兴的是,最近几个月全班学生的作业都做得非常出色。(class)
3.每一代人都有自己的价值观。(generation)
4.昨晚我们中的一些人被邀请去史密斯先生的聚会。(group)
5.政府因在污染防治中采取了积极有效的措施而得到了公众的认可。(government)
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
War can be deadly for wildlife.A new study reports that war is the biggest threat to Africa’s elephants,rhinoceroses,and other animals.Researchers examined how years of conflict in Africa have affected the populations of large animals.More than 70 per cent of Africa’s protected wildlife areas have been within a war zone at some point in the last 70 years.“The more frequent the fighting is,the greater the drop in animal populations will be,”said Daskin,an ecologist at Yale University.He was the lead author of the study,which was published in a famous journal.
“It takes very little conflict,as much as one conflict in about 20 years,for the average wildlife population to decline,” Daskin said.“Areas with frequent fighting—but not necessarily the bloodiest fighting—lose 35 per cent of their large animal populations during each year of war.”
“Some animals get killed by weapons of war.Yet,many also die because of changes in social and economic conditions in an area as a result of war,” said Rob Pringle.He is an ecologist at Princeton University and the study’s co-author.“People in and around war zones are poorer and hungrier.So they may begin to hunt protected animals to eat,” Pringle said.“And during wartime,animal conservation programmes do not have as much money or power to protect wildlife as during peacetime.”
The new study examined the entire African continent over 65 years.The researchers looked at 10 different factors that could change the populations of animals.They included war,drought,the size of the animals,protected areas and human population density.The number of wars had the biggest effect on the wildlife population.The intensity of the wars—measured in the number of human deaths—had the least effect on animals.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了战争给野生动物带来的致命伤害和严重影响。
(　　)1.Which is the most dangerous to Africa’s animals
[A]Hunting. [B]War.
[C]Drought. [D]The economy.
(　　)2.What can we know about the animals in Africa
[A]More than 70 per cent of animals live in a war zone.
[B]Little conflict has no effect on animal populations.
[C]The more frequent the fighting is,the fewer animals there will be.
[D]35 per cent of animals die each year because of war.
(　　)3.Which one of the following is NOT the reason why animals die in the war
[A]Being killed by the weapons.
[B]Being killed by poor and hungry people.
[C]The loss of their habitats.
[D]The lack of money or power to protect them.
(　　)4.Which one of the following has the least influence on the wildlife population
[A]The intensity of the wars.
[B]Protected areas.
[C]The number of wars.
[D]The size of the animals.
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　It’s 1812 in Moscow.Napoleon has invaded Russia,and his troops get nearer to 1.　　　　 city every day. Emperor Alexander Ⅰ has left Moscow behind,and its inhabitants aren’t certain of what to do next. In the 2.　　　　 (absent) of an authority figure 3.　　　　 knows what he is doing,the people of Moscow just decide 4.　　　　 (have) a good time.
This story is depicted (描绘) by the prominent author Leo Tolstoy in his novel War and Peace.
As I read,I felt like I could see why Tolstoy’s writing in War and Peace continued to influence film and television. He writes from one character’s point of view until a 5.　　　　(differ) major character emerges and then gives the narrative.
Dramatising the ways the small actions of lots of people add up to a major impact 6.　　　　 (be) difficult.Tolstoy’s solution is outstanding. Instead of 7.　　　　 (describe) the long sweep of history,he portrays the lives of ordinary people in the face 8.　　　　 wartime.
War and Peace has a great many 9.　　　　(theme),but its central one might be:we are all people.Nothing is certain,but it is. And that is when things change,for 10.　　　　 (good) or for worse. Unit 3　课时作业(四)
单元知识综合练
(分值:52.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.memorial
A.n.纪念碑　B.adj.纪念的,追悼的　C.n.纪念物
①The painting will be a lasting memorial to a remarkable woman.　　　
②The town raised a memorial to those killed in the war.　　　
③This is a memorial service in the dead man’s honour.　　　
【答案】 ①C　②A　③B
2.sum
A.v.概括　B.n.总和　C.n.金额
①We can sum up the main point of the lesson in three sentences.　　　
②The sums of money involved in the trade are potentially huge.　　　
③Cultural environment is the sum of human existence and social development.　　　
【答案】 ①A　②C　③B
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
①Through science we’ve got the idea of associating progress with the future.　　　　　　　
②You will feel energetic and delighted when you associate with positive people.　　　　　　　
③I got a new job and a new group of work associates.　　　　　　　
④He is an associate editor of the newspaper.　　　　　　　
【答案】 ①联系　②交往　③同事　④副的
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Since the day of its birth,the United Nations has been the subject of much debate.1.　　　 Others think that it is too weak.We can better understand the debate if we learn more about the UN and its history.
The UN was started for two reasons.First,when the idea was born,people all over the world were tired of war.They felt that there must be peaceful answers to the world’s problems.2.　　　 The second reason was that new bombs and airplanes had been developed because of modern science.3.　　　 National borders were beginning to lose their meanings.Science would develop even more dangerous weapons in the future.Only an international organisation would be able to control this threat.
Leaders at the time believed that the Allies (同盟国) should plan for peace before the war ended.In 1943,they agreed to start an organisation for world peace.4.　　
　　During the next year and a half,the idea of such an organisation was debated around the world.Then came the big day.On 25 April 1945,the first international meeting of the United Nations took place in San Francisco.The goal of the meeting was to write the UN Charter (《联合国宪章》).All of the fifty nations at the meeting had their own ideas to offer for the Charter.5.　　　 Every nation present voted for the Charter.No one voted against it.
A.After a long debate,a final Charter was agreed upon.
B.The UN Charter is a beautiful piece of writing.
C.All countries were invited,large and small,to join the organisation.
D.Even the smallest country on earth can have its voice heard.
E.They also felt that only an international organisation could keep world peace.
F.These weapons made it almost impossible for a country to defend itself.
G.Some people attack the organisation because they think it is too powerful.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了联合国成立的历史背景和经过。
1.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据上文提到联合国一直饱受争议及下文提到其他人觉得它太弱了可知,G项能够起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
2.【答案】 E
【解析】 上文提到,联合国成立的原因之一是人们厌倦了战争,所以想用和平的手段来解决世界问题,E项刚好能够进一步解释说明联合国成立的这一原因——人类对和平的向往。故选E。
3.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据语境可知,新的炸弹和飞机的发明使国界开始失去意义,因此各个国家都难以保护自己,F项中的These weapons和空前的new bombs and airplanes相呼应。故选F。
4.【答案】 C
【解析】 上文提到领导人们同意为了世界和平建立一个国际组织,因此邀请所有国家加入这个组织,下一段中的All of the fifty nations也是提示。故选C。
5.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据设空处后两句可知,没有国家投反对票,因此各国对该宪章达成了一致。故选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
When she was 13,Giorgia began to suffer a severe skin disorder.It started out on her arms and face and continued to 　1　.Soon the angry,red rash (皮疹) covered nearly 97% of her body at times and could be extremely uncomfortable.
But for Giorgia,the most pain was 　2　 she was treated by others simply because of her physical appearance.People would stop and stare at her in the street,as if she was 　3　.She felt so self-conscious about the condition that it was 　4　 her life.
That seemed 　5　 enough on its own.Giorgia also unexpectedly lost her father.She felt like her world went to 　6　.They were so close when she was growing up,and she couldn’t 　7　 losing him.
Fortunately,Giorgia had a strong and beautiful spirit inside.She realised she had a 　8　:she could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 　9　 to love herself and the way she was made.Giorgia 　10　 her body and decided she’d no longer try to 　11　 her skin.It was part of her.
She started a photo series 　12　,displaying her natural self.She hopes that others struggling with their body image will gain 　13　 and inspiration from the pictures she shares.“We might have 　14　 that make us look different from other women,but we are still beautiful.I know my dad would be proud of me for my 　15　.Now I’ve come to terms with my disease,and I want to help others do the same.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了得皮肤病的女孩Giorgia积极对抗疾病、接纳自我的故事。
(　　)1.[A]flash [B]decline
[C]bother [D]spread
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据第一段中的started out on her arms and face以及covered nearly 97% of her body可知,皮疹扩散(spread)了。故选D。
(　　)2.[A]why [B]how
[C]when [D]whether
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据设空处后文内容可知,令Giorgia最痛苦的是别人对待她的方式——停下来盯着她看。所以应用能表达方式、方法的how引导表语从句。故选B。
(　　)3.[A]disgusting [B]precious
[C]interesting [D]complex
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据文中人们的行为以及“She felt so self-conscious”可知,别人看到她的反应是不好的,故此处应用贬义词,disgusting意为“令人厌恶的”。故选A。
(　　)4.[A]closing [B]ruining
[C]leading [D]wasting
【答案】 B
【解析】 因为“self-conscious(不自在的)”是消极情绪,所以她的生活应该是受到了消极影响,ruining意为“正在毁掉”。故选B。
(　　)5.[A]dangerous [B]fantastic
[C]familiar [D]stressful
【答案】 D
【解析】 Giorgia脸上和身上有皮疹,这件事对于她来说已经充满压力(stressful)了,更加令她崩溃的是,和她关系一向非常亲密的父亲去世了。故选D。
(　　)6.[A]pieces [B]parts
[C]bits [D]blocks
【答案】 A
【解析】 父亲去世,Giorgia觉得自己的世界崩塌了。go to pieces是固定搭配,意为“崩溃,破成碎片”。故选A。
(　　)7.[A]mind [B]admit
[C]bear [D]risk
【答案】 C
【解析】 句中讲到Giorgia和父亲的关系很亲密,由此可知父亲对她的重要性,所以她难以忍受(bear)父亲的离世。故选C。
(　　)8.[A]plan [B]choice
[C]duty [D]promise
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据后文中or连接的两个选项——逃避畏缩与乐观面对可知,她有对生活态度的选择权(choice)。故选B。
(　　)9.[A]truth [B]priority
[C]support [D]courage
【答案】 D
【解析】 此处应与前文的shrink back相对应。即使她有皮肤病,她也可以找到勇气(courage)去爱自己。故选D。
(　　)10.[A]controlled [B]destroyed
[C]accepted [D]examined
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据后文“It was part of her.”可知,她认为这是她自己的一部分,表明她接受(accepted)了自己的样子。故选C。
(　　)11.[A]cover up [B]get under
[C]take off [D]break down
【答案】 A
【解析】 她已经接受了自己的样子,所以此处指她不再想尽一切办法遮盖(cover up)自己的皮肤了。故选A。
(　　)12.[A]regrettably [B]gratefully
[C]seriously [D]bravely
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据前文可知,Giorgia决定接受得了皮肤病的自己,所以此处指她勇敢地(bravely)展示自己真实皮肤的照片。故选D。
(　　)13.[A]knowledge [B]strength
[C]ability [D]experience
【答案】 B
【解析】 设空处应选一个意思和inspiration相近的词,strength符合语境。她希望那些同样苦于自己形象的人,能够通过看到她分享的照片得到力量(strength)与鼓舞。故选B。
(　　)14.[A]conditions [B]affairs
[C]elements [D]qualities
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据前文“She felt so self-conscious about the condition that it was 　4　 her life.”可知,此处是condition的原词复现。故选A。
(　　)15.[A]dream [B]kindness
[C]attitude [D]generosity
【答案】 C
【解析】 本文没有侧重于她的梦想、善良和大方,而是在赞扬她积极面对生活、乐观接受自己的态度(attitude)。故选C。
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
请你根据下面的人物信息提示,用英语写一篇介绍战斗英雄的文章。
董存瑞,1929年出生于河北省怀来县的一个农民家庭。13岁时,被当地人民称为“抗日小英雄”;1945年参军,因多次立功被批准提前入党;在1948年解放隆化县的战斗中英勇牺牲。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Dong Cunrui,an anti-Japanese hero,was born into a peasant family in Huailai County,Hebei Province in 1929.Brave and smart,at the age of 13,he was referred to as the “little anti-Japanese hero” by the local people.
Having joined the army in 1945,Dong Cunrui was permitted to join the Communist Party of China in advance before he was 18 years old due to his many excellent deeds.In 1948,he sacrificed himself in the battle of liberating Longhua County.
Dong Cunrui is a hero who devoted his life to our motherland.He will live in our hearts forever.

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