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单元检测卷(二)
[分值：150分]
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1．What does the woman plan to do this weekend
A．Visit Tom.
B．Attend a party.
C．Go to the beach.
2．When did the woman eat a hamburger
A．At breakfast time.
B．At lunchtime.
C．At dinner time.
3．What will the woman do next
A．Email the man.
B．Submit a file.
C．Call a colleague.
4．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Father and daughter.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Shop assistant and customer.
5．How many stamps does Ann have
A．25. B．60. C．85.
第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why did the woman call the man last evening
A．To make an appointment.
B．To cancel an appointment.
C．To reschedule an appointment.
7．When does the conversation take place
A．On Tuesday.
B．On Wednesday.
C．On Thursday.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What did Henry do at Antelope Park
A．He took a walk.
B．He shared health tips.
C．He did some volunteer work.
9．How long did the event last
A．Three hours.
B．Four hours.
C．Five hours.
10．Why did the woman call Henry this afternoon
A．To ask a favor.
B．To extend an invitation.
C．To ask about homework.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Why did the man drop out of college
A．He got tired of schooling.
B．He lost his mother to cancer.
C．He wanted to get on-the-job training.
12．What do we know about Raphael
A．He was open-minded.
B．He was a strict teacher.
C．He started a Chinese music group.
13．What does the man do
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．A musician.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What is Mary looking for
A．A student apartment.
B．The student dormitory.
C．The Student Union building.
15．What does Sam major in
A．Psychology.
B．Business.
C．Medicine.
16．What can be inferred from the conversation
A．Mary lives outside the school.
B．Sam has just arrived in the States.
C．The speakers know each other well.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did Aelita Andre begin to learn painting
A．At 4 years old.
B．At 22 months.
C．At 9 months.
18．What was the highest price of Aelita Andre’s artworks
A．$4,000. B．$10,000. C．$14,000.
19．What was Aelita Andre’s achievement in 2020
A．She drew a painting of Jackson Pollock.
B．She won the Global Child Prodigy Awards.
C．She had her own exhibition in Manhattan.
20．Why does the speaker give the talk
A．To introduce a truly talented artist.
B．To show her concerns about Aelita Andre.
C．To illustrate the value of abstract paintings.
答案　1.C　2.B　3.C　4.B　5.C　6.B　7.A　8.A　9.B　10.A　11.B　12.A　13.C　14.C　15.C　16.A　17.C　18.B　19.B　20.A
听力材料
Text 1
M：We are having a little party at the weekend.Can you come
W：That sounds nice.But I already have plans with Tom.We’re going to the beach.
Text 2
M：I’m glad to see you are eating Chinese food again.It’s far healthier than that hamburger I saw you eating.
W：What you saw at lunchtime was a one-off，because I was with a Western friend.
M：I bet it wasn’t as good as this dinner your mother made.
Text 3
M：Did you send that email to Mark so that he could sign off on the building plans
W：Yes，I sent it an hour ago，but he hasn’t replied yet.I’ll call him to see if he has checked the email.
M：Please do.They need to be filed by noon.
Text 4
W：I think this coat is fashionable，but it is too big for our daughter.The sleeves are so long.
M：That’s true.Let me talk to the shop assistant and ask for a smaller size.
Text 5
W：Wow，you’ve collected some new stamps！You have 60 now，George.
M：You know what？My friend Ann has 25 more.She has two books of stamps.
W：That’s unbelievable.
Text 6
M：Good morning.I have an interview scheduled with Mr Black for 2 o’clock.It’s for an article I’m writing for next week’s journal.
W：Oh，yes.That means you’re Mr Woods.⑥I actually gave you a call last evening.
M：Oh，really I didn’t notice that.
W：That’s all right.⑥I called to say that Mr Black had to cancel the interview.He had to attend an urgent board meeting at our main office in Dallas.
M：Really That’s too bad.Could I possibly reschedule
W：Certainly.⑦He’ll be back tomorrow night.Would the following day—that’s Thursday at 10 a．m.be OK with you
M：That’s great.
Text 7
W：Henry，I called your home this afternoon，but your mother said you were out.
M：I went to the First Annual Festival of Health in our city.
W：Did you have a good time there
M：Yes.First，⑧I took part in the “I Matter” walk，to wander for a mile around Antelope Park and promote both mental and physical health.I talked happily with some others while walking there.
W：What did you do after that
M：I went to the Auld Pavilion.There are more than 30 organizations setting up tables to share health tips and services.They also offered food and demonstrations of healthy cooking.
W：So did the event last long
M：⑨It began at 1：00 pm and didn’t end until 5：00 pm.It’s a pity you missed it.But don’t worry.You can go to it next year.
W：I really look forward to it.
M：By the way，why did you call me
W：⑩I wanted to know if you have time to help me with my math homework tonight.
Text 8
W：So you started performing over 30 years ago.
M：Yes，I was born in Oakland，but was raised around grass valley，where I am living now.I came back to San Francisco for college in 1964，but dropped out a year later.
W： Why did you drop out of college
M： My mother died of cancer.If she hadn’t been ill，I probably would have stayed in school.But luckily，I got some on-the-job training later.
W：Let’s get back to Raphael.Your teacher.Tell me something about him.
M：When I first met him，I was in awe of him.Not only was he an incredible Jazz musician，but he knew the tradition and played all the instruments，too. In any musical tradition，some people will get locked into a narrow view of music，but he was open to everything.I think that went into me. It led to me getting into a Chinese music group called the flowing stream.
Text 9
M：Hello! You look lost.Can I be of assistance
W：Oh，thanks.You’re right.I am lost. I’m looking for the Student Union building.
M：You’re close.It’s just across the playground.It’s the three-story brick building over there.
W：I see.Thanks a lot.You’ve been a big help.
M：Excuse me for saying so，but you’re not from around here，are you Are you British or what
W：Actually I’m Australian.I’m an exchange student.You’re an American，I assume.
M：Yes.By the way，I’m Sam Jones.
W：I’m Mary Donald.Pleased to meet you.
M：So how long have you been in the States，Mary
W：I’ve been here about three weeks now.So what’s your major Sam
M： I’m studying medicine now.What’s yours
W：I’m not sure yet.I’m kind of interested in business，but my parents believe psychology will be hot in the future.
M： So do you live in the dorm
W： Actually no.I have a small apartment about five blocks from here.Well，I have to run.Thanks for your help.Maybe we’ll run into each other again sometime.
M：Could be.It’s a pretty small college.Nice to meet you，Mary.See you later.
W：See you.
Text 10
W： Most babies first learn to walk and talk before developing any skills or hobbies，but this was not in the case of 15-year-old Australian artist Aelita Andre. When she was 9 months old，she started to learn painting by herself.By the age of one year and ten months，her first painting was in London Art Gallery.She had her first solo exhibition in Manhattan when she was just four years old.The show was called “The Prodigy of Colors”．Aelita’s exhibition in Manhattan was displayed for three weeks straight.All her 24 artworks were sold there within a week. The price was ranging from $4,000 to $10,000.Aelita’s artworks gained popularity and fame，and her artworks began appearing in the big galleries all over the world.Critics call her young Picasso，and her painting style is frequently compared with Jackson Pollock，the greatest abstract artist of all time. Global Child Prodigy Awards is the world’s first and only awards ceremony to recognize unique and talented children.Aelita Andre won the award in 2020.Everyone has his or her own talent，so find your own talent.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Volunteering is a great way to develop new skills，gain experience and connect with others.If you are interested in volunteering，here are some recommended opportunities.
Disabled People’s Buddy
Become a buddy to help young disabled people.You can decide how to spend your time together，whether in an art exhibition or a little concert，but remember to take care of him or her.We hope that you understand the importance of protecting people’s dignity，communicate with them patiently，and devote 3－4 hours every week to the project for at least six months.
App Content Creator
We’re making an app to promote protection of our planet from climate change.We’re looking for someone who cares about the climate crisis and uses online design tools skilfully.If you are admitted，you will work at least 4 hours per week from home to help publicize green living，but you will learn a lot about marketing and brand building.
Volunteer Map Editor
Your primary responsibility is to update structure data for The National Map using our mapping app.Structures include schools，hospitals，police stations，and other important public buildings.Since this is an ongoing remote computer-based activity，you can participate from anywhere you have reliable Internet access if it suits your schedule.
Citizen TV Volunteer
Make a change-making feature documentary with us.You will research，film，and bring to light some inspiring stories over the past 160 years.No prior skills are required，and you will receive professional camera training.You will work from day to night，so please get your body and mind prepared.
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍了一些志愿活动项目。
21．What should you do as a buddy of disabled people
A．Discover their artistic talents.
B．Accompany them with respect.
C．Provide them with medical care.
D．Develop their communication skills.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据Disabled People’s Buddy中的“We hope that you understand the importance of protecting people’s dignity，communicate with them patiently...”可知，作为残疾人的朋友，应该带着尊重陪伴他们。故选B。
22．How can one benefit from becoming an app content creator
A．By acquiring marketing knowledge.
B．By promoting personal brands.
C．By taking online design courses.
D．By adopting a healthy lifestyle.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据App Content Creator中的“If you are admitted...you will learn a lot about marketing and brand building.”可知，成为应用程序内容创作者可以获得的好处是获取市场营销知识。故选A。
23．Which volunteer opportunity is the most flexible in terms of working time
A．Disabled People’s Buddy.
B．App Content Creator.
C．Volunteer Map Editor.
D．Citizen TV Volunteer.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据Volunteer Map Editor中的“you can participate from anywhere you have reliable Internet access if it suits your schedule”以及与其他三项活动的比较可知，地图编辑志愿者的工作时间是最灵活的。故选 C。
B
Do you love fossils and dinosaurs I’m lucky enough to be a fossil preparator(化石制备师)，which means I work with fossils，like removing rocks from fossils and gluing fossils together to make sure they’re not broken.Sometimes，we have dinosaur bones that need to be arranged and put back into place.
I like the job from the bottom of my heart.When we make “jackets”—these are things that store the fossils—we have to accurately and scientifically figure out how to make them for specific bones or fossils，which can be different shapes and artistic expression.
Since I was a kid，it’s been my dream to be a paleontologist(古生物学者)．When I was 12，I went to this kind of event at the Houston Museum of Natural Science called Dinosaur Day.I got a chance to meet paleontologists.At the end，I asked，“Hey，can I volunteer？” And somehow，they let me，as long as a parent came with me.At 12 years old，I got to go to a fossil excavation(挖掘)，and I got to work with dinosaur bones and fossils in the lab for the first time.
Fossils are very old.We don’t always get all the pieces.We’re working with something that’s incomplete，sometimes.We do our best to fit the pieces we know back together.And as for the pieces we don’t know，we don’t try to make anything up.But sometimes，we have a gap in a specimen(标本) and it needs support.We’ll put some material in there that’s clearly not fossil，so when people go to study it，they know not to study that part.
People would wonder how I find other kids，especially girls，who shared my interests when I was growing up.As a matter of fact，in my friend group，I was the only dinosaur girl.My friends were interested in other things，but they were all super supportive of my love for fossils.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者以第一人称讲述了自己作为一名化石制备师的成长经历和工作内容，包括从小对古生物学的热爱、参加相关活动的经历，以及在工作中处理化石的过程。
24．Why does the author like her job
A．It is not a demanding job.
B．It combines both art and science.
C．It is more artistic than scientific.
D．It is about collecting dinosaur bones.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“...we have to accurately and scientifically figure out how to make them for specific bones or fossils，which can be different shapes and artistic expression.”可知，制作储存化石的装备时，必须准确而科学地找出如何为特定的骨头或化石制作它们，它们可以是不同的形状和艺术表达。由此可知，作者之所以喜欢她的工作是因为它结合了艺术和科学。故选B。
25．Why does the author mention her visit to her local museum
A．To show her path to follow her dream.
B．To prove her parents supporting her job.
C．To present the barrier of achieving her dream.
D．To tell her easy access to achieving her dream.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Since I was a kid，it’s been my dream to be a paleontologist(古生物学者)．When I was 12，I went to this kind of event at the Houston Museum of Natural Science called Dinosaur Day.I got a chance to meet paleontologists.”可知，作者提到她参观了当地的博物馆，是为了展示她追寻梦想的道路。故选A。
26．How does the author deal with the incomplete fossils
A．By burying them back in the ground.
B．By breaking and reconstructing them.
C．By making them up with similar materials.
D．By filling their gaps with distinct materials.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But sometimes，we have a gap in a specimen(标本) and it needs support.We’ll put some material in there that’s clearly not fossil，so when people go to study it，they know not to study that part.”可知，作者通过用不同的材料填补空隙来处理不完整的化石。故选D。
27．What kind of girl was the author when she was growing up
A．Cautious. B．Understanding.
C．Independent. D．Entertaining.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“At the end，I asked，‘Hey，can I volunteer？’ And somehow，they let me，as long as a parent came with me.”和最后一段可知，在作者成长的过程中她是特立独行的。故选C。
C
Researchers have made a digital map showing a tiny piece of a human brain in unknown detail.The map represents a cubic millimeter of brain—an area about half the size of a grain of rice.But even that tiny part is overflowing with a large amount of information—containing about 57,000 cells,230 millimeters of blood vessels and 150 million synapses(突触)，the connections between neurons(神经元)．
The researchers published their findings in a journal.They have made the data set freely available online and provided tools for analyzing it.“In one respect，our data set is tiny，” Jeff Lichtman，a co-author of the study，says.“But it doesn’t feel small，because when you get in it，you see it’s like a huge forest.”
For the new paper，the researchers turned to a piece of brain tissue from a person with epilepsy(癫痫)．The data has already brought some unexpected findings for the researchers.For instance，they found some rare sites where neurons were connected by more than 50 synapses.This is incredibly uncommon—more than 96 percent of connections between neurons have just one synapse，and more than 99 percent have three or fewer synapses.
“These strong connections might show what learning looks like in the brain，” Lichtman assumes.They represent behaviors so well-practiced that they require almost no thought at all，such as moving your foot from the accelerator to the brake when stopping a car.However，he thinks while the tissue sample didn’t have any evidence of disease，they can’t be certain whether these surprises are in some way related to the person’s epilepsy or treatments.Studying other tissue samples could give them a clearer idea.
Next，the researchers would like to map a mouse’s brain.But in the meantime，the human statistics they currently have will push other researchers to learn more about the human brain，especially its unknown areas.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究人员制作了一张人脑的一小部分的详细数字地图，这张地图已经为研究人员带来了一些意想不到的发现。
28．What does the digital map created by the researchers show
A．Mainly the huge synapses.
B．The entire network of neurons.
C．Various aspect of the human brain.
D．Detailed information about a small brain area.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Researchers have made a digital map showing...detail.The map represents a cubic millimeter of brain—an area about half the size of a grain of rice.”可知，研究人员创建的数字地图显示了大脑一小部分的详细信息。故选D。
29．How does paragraph 3 illustrate the rarity of these sites
A．By listing data.
B．By citing papers.
C．By making an assumption.
D．By describing a phenomenon.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“For instance，they found some rare sites...more than 96 percent of connections between neurons have just one synapse，and more than 99 percent have three or fewer synapses.”可知，作者通过列举数据来说明这些点位的稀有性。故选A。
30．What is Lichtman’s attitude to the findings
A．Grateful. B．Cautious.
C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
答案　B
解析　观点态度题。根据第四段中“However，he thinks while...they can’t be certain whether these surprises are in some way related to the person’s epilepsy or treatments.”可知，Lichtman对于这些发现持谨慎态度。故选B。
31．What can we learn about the effect of the research from the last paragraph
A．It is expected. B．It is inspiring.
C．It is unknown. D．It is confusing.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But in the meantime，the human statistics they currently have will push other researchers to learn more about the human brain，especially its unknown areas.”可推知，这项研究的效果是鼓舞人心的，故选B。
D
Have you ever conducted a job interview through video Do you work remotely and mostly communicate with your colleagues through technologies like Microsoft Teams or Slack Technologies are rapidly changing how，when，and where we work.But what impact do they have on our work motivation We recently reviewed the research done to answer this question and unfortunately，the news is not so good.
For the most part，technologies have worsened the satisfaction of our psychological needs when we work.They are robbing us of our feelings of control and freedom because they monitor us and tell us what and how to do our work；sometimes they also pressure us to work faster.And they are decreasing our chances to create meaningful relationships with colleagues.
To fix and avoid these issues in the future，we have concluded from this review that we need to advocate for the use of psychological knowledge when designing technologies to be used in work environments.Psychologists are well equipped to advise how to design and use technologies in ways that will maintain or even improve the design of our work.
Work is considered to be well-designed when it gives us some decision-making power，provides us with performance feedback，and allows us to connect with colleagues not only to increase relatedness but also to see the impact our work has on stakeholders(利益相关者)．Good work design makes our work more meaningful.
Why is this important Because work motivation that stems from meaning and enjoyment will be increasingly important in the future of work.Indeed，as work environments and career tracks become more dynamic and precarious，we need workers to be more active and flexible for the changeable situation.And motivation through meaning and enjoyment makes people more active and flexible.
So，when you hear your employer wants to introduce new technologies in your workplace，ask them if they have used the service of psychology experts.It will ensure your work keeps being designed in a way that will make it meaningful and enjoyable.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了在工作设计中综合考虑技术因素和人的心理因素的必要性。
32．According to the recent research review，how do technologies affect our work
A．They decrease our working efficiency.
B．They increase our psychological needs.
C．They improve our relationships with colleagues.
D．They reduce our work motivation for creativity.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“For the most part，technologies have worsened the satisfaction of our psychological needs when we work...they monitor us and tell us what and how to do our work；sometimes they also pressure us to work faster.”可知，技术降低了我们创造性的工作动机。故选D。
33．What does the author suggest for introducing technologies in work
A．Updating technical equipment.
B．Reviewing the former research.
C．Consulting psychology experts.
D．Improving the design of our work.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“To fix and avoid these issues in the future，we have concluded from this review that we need to advocate for the use of psychological knowledge when designing technologies to be used in work environments.”可知，对于在工作中引入技术，作者的建议是要咨询心理学专家。故选C。
34．What does the underlined word “precarious” mean in paragraph 5
A．Rewarding. B．Unavoidable.
C．Uncertain. D．Straightforward.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。画线词后文提到我们需要工人更加积极和灵活地应对多变的情况，由此可推断，此处表达“随着工作环境和职业轨迹变得更加动态和不确定”，precarious意为“不确定的”，故选C。
35．What is the best title for the text
A．Is Technology Killing Your Work Motivation
B．What the Employers Can Do in the Workplace
C．A New Review Gives Insights on Psychology
D．The Future of Work Environments and Career Tracks
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，文章开头提到技术对工作动机的负面影响，然后建议在工作设计中考虑心理学因素并解释了原因，最后总结强调在引入新技术时考虑心理学专家的意见以确保工作的意义和乐趣，从而保持工作动机。因此，A项“Is Technology Killing Your Work Motivation？(技术正在削弱你的工作动力？)”概括了文章探讨的主要问题，故选A。
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you consider yourself to be shy by nature，you may worry that you’re not a good conversationalist. 36 There are plenty of easy，subtle ways to improve your social skills in your daily life.Here are a few tips and tricks to help you get started.
Start a conversation. 37 Many people feel more relaxed if they have time to prepare a conversation starter.You can write down a list of potential conversation starters.You could，for example，talk about an assignment，if you’re making a conversation in class.
38 People want to feel that the other person is interested in them.You can share simple insights and ask questions to continue the conversation.Before you bring up your own insights，make a rule that you ask at least one question about what the other person is saying.
Remember to engage in only one thing at a time.When a person is talking，pay attention to what he or she is talking about.Keep your mind focused on the present moment instead of planning what you’ll say next.It’s inevitable that you will think of something that relates.That’s okay. 39 But don’t spend time thinking about how to word your responses.
Most conversations will run their own courses.It’s okay if you can’t think of anything else to say.Simply mention something else you have to do，and that you’ll have to step away.Thank the person for their time，and let them know that you’d like to talk again some other time. 40
A．Don’t worry.
B．Choose a shared topic.
C．Keep a conversation going.
D．It is good to have responses ready.
E．A simple question can be enough to start the talk.
F．Practice ahead of time，if you’re easy to get anxious.
G．In this way，allow the conversation to come to a natural stop.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些提高社交技能的建议和技巧。
36．答案　A
解析　上文“If you consider yourself to be shy by nature，you may worry that you’re not a good conversationalist.”提到人们因为害羞而担心自己不够健谈，下文“There are plenty of easy，subtle ways to improve your social skills in your daily life.”提到有很多提高社交技能的方法，空处应指出不要担心。A项“Don’t worry.”符合语境。故选A。
37．答案　F
解析　根据下文“Many people feel more relaxed if they have time to prepare a conversation starter.You can write down a list of potential conversation starters.”可知，如果有时间准备谈话的话，很多人会觉得更轻松，故空处提出要提前练习，做好准备。F项“Practice ahead of time，if you’re easy to get anxious.”符合语境。故选F。
38．答案　C
解析　空处为段落主题句。根据下文“People want to feel that the other person is interested in them....what the other person is saying.”可知，本段主要讲述人们可以通过分享见解、提问等方式让对话继续下去。下文的“continue the conversation”与C项“Keep a conversation going.”对应。故选C。
39．答案　D
解析　根据下文“But don’t spend time thinking about how to word your responses.”可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，说明准备好回应是一件好事，其中“responses”是关键词的词汇复现。D项“It is good to have responses ready.”符合语境。故选D。
40．答案　G
解析　上文“Thank the person for their time，and let them know that you’d like to talk again some other time.”提到自然停止谈话的方法，空处对段落进行总结。G项“In this way，allow the conversation to come to a natural stop.”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节　(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When searching for a science fair project，many children scratch (挠) their heads.They 41 to find ideas and give up easily.Yet，there are many 42 .Mesk Abdalsalam is one.When 43 her brother’s discomfort as he scratched the dry skin on his elbows，Mesk got 44 from it.Mesk realized that software could be a 45 to her brother and others when a doctor is 46 .
Mesk，an upcoming 11th-grade student，was one of the 47 at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair (国际科学与工程大奖赛)，where Mesk and others 48 software solutions to challenging problems.Living in Palestine，Mesk recognized it is extremely 49 to get a doctor’s appointment.It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor. 50 ，those dry areas on his arms turned out to be eczema (湿疹)．
Motivated by the situation，Mesk took advantage of artificial intelligence to 51 the process.The 16-year-old student designed her innovative software to swiftly 52 skin conditions based on photographs.Her smartphone app，called Derma X，can diagnose diverse skin diseases.She 53 the software using over 50,000 publicly available pictures related to skin diseases.Due to the large database，the result of Derma X is 54 to a great extent.
According to Mesk，the app is user-friendly，and it has been 55 by many including a doctor who thought highly of it.
Derma X earned Mesk fourth place at he ISEF and a $500 prize.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴勒斯坦即将升入11年级的学生Mesk Abdalsalam如何从一个日常观察中获得灵感，开发出一款创新的皮肤诊断软件Derma X，并在国际科学与工程博览会 ISEF 上获得第四名和500美元奖金的故事。
41．A.offer B．promise
C．struggle D．hurry
答案　C
解析　offer提供；promise承诺；struggle努力，挣扎；hurry赶快。根据上文“When searching for a science fair project，many children scratch (挠) their heads.”可知，在寻找科学展览项目时，他们在努力寻找方法。故选C。
42．A.examples B．exceptions
C．followers D．scientists
答案　B
解析　example例子；exception例外；follower追随者；scientist科学家。根据下文“Motivated by the situation，Mesk took advantage of artificial intelligence to the process.”可知，Mesk在遇到困难时，没有放弃，而是积极寻找解决办法，因此她是个例外。故选B。
43．A.causing B．guessing
C．expressing D．observing
答案　D
解析　cause引起；guess猜测；express表达；observe观察。根据“her brother’s discomfort as he scratched the dry skin”可知，Mesk观察到弟弟挠手肘上干燥的皮肤。故选D。
44．A.permission B．trust
C．support D．inspiration
答案　D
解析　permission允许；trust信任；support支持；inspiration灵感，鼓舞。根据下文“Motivated by the situation”可知，Mesk获得了灵感。故选D。
45．A.helper B．mess
C．disaster D．symbol
答案　A
解析　helper助手，帮助者；mess混乱；disaster灾难；symbol象征，符号。根据下文“Her smartphone app，called Derma X，can diagnose diverse skin diseases.”可知，Mesk发明了一个软件做助手。故选A。
46．A.impatient B．unavailable
C．thoughtless D．unkind
答案　B
解析　impatient没有耐心的；unavailable难以获得的，不可用的；thoughtless欠考虑的；unkind不友善的。根据下文“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor.”可知，此处指在找不到医生的情况下。故选B。
47．A.leaders B．organizers
C．competitors D．guards
答案　C
解析　leader领导；organizer组织者；competitor竞争者；guard警卫。根据“at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair”可知，Mesk是参赛者之一。故选C。
48．A.presented B．questioned
C．replaced D．developed
答案　A
解析　present提出；question质疑；replace代替；develop发展。根据“software solutions to challenging problems”可知，在比赛中，Mesk和其他人提出了针对各种挑战性问题的软件解决方案。故选A。
49．A.expensive B．risky
C．difficult D．common
答案　C
解析　expensive昂贵的；risky冒险的；difficult困难的；common普通的，普遍的。根据下文“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor.”可知，预约医生很困难。故选C。
50．A.Doubtfully B．Accidentally
C．Instantly D．Eventually
答案　D
解析　doubtfully怀疑地；accidentally偶然地；instantly立刻，马上；eventually最终。根据“those dry areas on his arms turned out to be eczema(湿疹)”可知，在看过医生之后，弟弟最终确诊为湿疹。故选D。
51．A.take down B．speed up
C．stick to D．watch for
答案　B
解析　take down记下；speed up加速；stick to坚持；watch for监视，注意。根据“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor.”可知，Mesk利用人工智能加速了确诊皮肤病的过程。故选B。
52．A.improve B．control
C．determine D．store
答案　C
解析　improve提高，改善；control控制；determine查明，确定；store储存。根据“skin conditions based on photographs”可知，Mesk设计的软件可以根据照片快速确定皮肤状况。故选C。
53．A.trained B．advertised
C．named D．identified
答案　A
解析　train训练；advertise做广告；name给……命名；identify鉴定，识别。根据“using over 50,000 publicly available pictures related to skin diseases”可知，Mesk使用超过5万张与皮肤病相关的公开图片来训练软件。故选A。
54．A.readable B．reliable
C．predictable D．changeable
答案　B
解析　readable通俗易懂的；reliable可靠的；predictable可预测的；changeable多变的。根据“Her smartphone app，called Derma X，can diagnose diverse skin diseases.”和“Due to the large database”可知，Derma X的结果在很大程度上是可靠的。故选B。
55．A.fixed B．accepted
C．guaranteed D．revised
答案　B
解析　fix修理；accept接受；guarantee保证；revise修改，复习。根据“by many including a doctor who thought highly of it”可知，很多人都接受了这款应用。故选B。
第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As winter comes，hands and feet can easily get cold，especially among women.Thick gloves might be a good choice,56. sometimes wearing them is not convenient，especially when people want to do something with their hands.
However，this was not a problem for ancient Chinese people，who had 57.________more exquisite tool to keep their hands warm：hand warmers.There is no accurate 58._______(write) record regarding the origin of this tool，but there are some tales about its invention.One folk story concerns Emperor Yangdi from the Sui Dynasty 59. visited Jiangsu in the winter.Due to the bitter cold，the local official asked 60. (manufacturer) to make a small warmer for the emperor that could be held in one’s hands.Thus the hand warmer was created.By the Song Dynasty，the tool was in widespread use.Techniques for producing the tool were 61. (extensive) employed in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Many poems and books from this period 62. (record) people using hand warmers.The Dream of the Red Chamber，the classic novel by Cao Xueqin from the Qing Dynasty，also featured a maid sending a hand warmer to the protagonist Lin Daiyu in one chapter.
63． (make) of bronze or ceramics，ancient hand warmers had a variety of designs.Round，square and octagonal shapes are typical，with some fashioned to look like pumpkins，flowers and turtle shells.In a hand warmer，there were burning charcoal or simple coals.Some coals were mixed 64. fragments and pressed into flower shapes,65.________(release) a pleasant scent when burned.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代冬天的取暖神器——暖手炉。
56．答案　yet/but
解析　考查连词。结合前后文语境可知，前后句为转折关系，应用连词yet或but。故填yet/but。
57．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。此处tool为泛指，应用不定冠词，且more是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
58．答案　written
解析　考查形容词。修饰名词record应用形容词written“书面的”，故填written。
59．答案　who/that
解析　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词Emperor Yangdi，在从句作主语，指人，定语从句用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
60．答案　manufacturers
解析　考查名词复数。manufacturer为可数名词，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填manufacturers。
61．答案　extensively
解析　考查副词。修饰动词employ应用副词extensively，故填extensively。
62．答案　recorded
解析　考查动词时态。设空处作谓语，“this period”指代上文“the Ming and Qing dynasties”，此句陈述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填recorded。
63．答案　Made
解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词，此处动词make与句子主语ancient hand warmers构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，首字母大写。故填Made。
64．答案　with
解析　考查介词。短语be mixed with表示“与……混合”，故填with。
65．答案　releasing
解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词，上文陈述的内容与动词release构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填releasing。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　(满分15分)
你校将以四月十二日世界航天日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1．太空探索的重要性；
2．你的期待。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考范文
Space Exploration Lights up Dreams
April 12 was officially named by the UN in 2011 as World Space Day. We observe this day to inspire more people to learn scientific knowledge and generate innovative ideas about space.
The space exploration is essential for us，which has made a difference in fighting world hunger.The satellite data on weather patterns has helped farmers grow more food.Besides，many space experiments have promoted incredible products like organ monitors and digital cameras for us and we will learn how to live in a different environment.
Our progress in space exploration gives me hope and inspires me to make contributions to it.I dream of people living in space one day and building a shared community there.
第二节　(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Some kids play sports.They run hundreds of laps，and tackle，kick，or swing.Some kids do makeover parties.They pool their fashion magazines and organize their own spa hair salons.And some kids are computer geeks.Their programming ability is a thing of wonder.
Me I had the spelling bee(拼字比赛)．The bee was my World Series.And what happened during a Spelling Bee remained fresh in my memory.
I trained every day on my front steps after school，the dictionary pages rippling softly in the breeze.I formed a habit carrying around my buddies Longman，Webster，and Oxford.
As soon as I opened my eyes on Friday morning，I felt the hairs on my arm stand up.I glanced at my alarm clock—it was only 6：27.I usually woke up at 7：01，which meant I had an extra thirty-four minutes to study.Starting with the word “judgment” which I always spelt as “J-U-D-G-M-A-N-T”，I went over several words.
To calm my butterflies in my stomach，I reminded myself that I was one of the best spellers in my class.I was not ambitious enough to want to go to the Scripps National Spelling Bee or anything—I just wanted to win the bee at Meadowbrook Middle School，so that I could defeat my main enemy，Nathan Fortescue.
Nathan thought he was a better speller than I was，but he didn’t even study words.He just read tons of science and math books.Really，he wasn’t a speller at heart—he was a mathematician.Nathan and I had nothing in common except being good spellers，but since he was a good speller without even trying，it didn’t count.I bet if you gave Nathan a modern literature word like “denouement”，he’d be out on the first round.
The Spelling Bee wasn’t until after lunch，so all I did in the morning was stare at the clock and wondered how seconds could possibly pass by so slowly.I sneaked away from lunch early so I could get in a few extra minutes of study time.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
As soon as I shut the classroom door behind me，I heard a voice.
“Now it’s time for the Spelling Bee！” Ms Hawking said brightly.
参考范文
As soon as I shut the classroom door behind me，I heard a voice.“Hi，Olivia.You were looking a little pale in math class this morning.I’m glad the rose is back in your cheeks.I was afraid you might miss the spelling bee.” “Oh，wouldn’t you just love that？” “Not really.I enjoy a bit of competition.Is that the list of words you’re studying Funny，I don’t think I have one of those.” I was so irritated that I couldn’t concentrate on reviewing my list，but it didn’t matter—I knew all the words by heart，anyway.Within three minutes，the rest of the class filled in，and it was noisier than a five-year-old’s birthday party.I finished taking a mental picture of “scalawag” just as Ms Hawking walked into the room.
“Now it’s time for the Spelling Bee！” Ms Hawking said brightly.“Is everybody ready？” “No！” the class groaned—everyone except Nathan and me，of course.My class was full of pretty bad spellers.After six times around the circle，there were only two kids left，Nathan and me.I cocked my head toward Nathan，beaming with the knowledge of my impending triumph.Nathan’s next word was “judgment”．“J-U-D-G-M-E-N-T.Judgment.” “That is correct！” Like a zombie.“Hey，” says Nathan.“Are you OK？” He smiled and stuck out his hand to shake mine.“Judgment，” I mumbled weakly.He shrugged，“Eoin Colfer is my favorite author，and the other day the word ‘judgment’ was in one of his books I’m reading.So I guess I just absorbed it.” “Eoin Colfer is my favorite author，too! I thought you hated reading books without numbers，” I laughed.Nathan smiled.OK，so maybe Nathan and I did have a few things in common.
单元检测卷(二)
[分值：150分]
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1．What does the woman plan to do this weekend
A．Visit Tom.
B．Attend a party.
C．Go to the beach.
2．When did the woman eat a hamburger
A．At breakfast time.
B．At lunchtime.
C．At dinner time.
3．What will the woman do next
A．Email the man.
B．Submit a file.
C．Call a colleague.
4．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Father and daughter.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Shop assistant and customer.
5．How many stamps does Ann have
A．25. B．60. C．85.
第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why did the woman call the man last evening
A．To make an appointment.
B．To cancel an appointment.
C．To reschedule an appointment.
7．When does the conversation take place
A．On Tuesday.
B．On Wednesday.
C．On Thursday.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What did Henry do at Antelope Park
A．He took a walk.
B．He shared health tips.
C．He did some volunteer work.
9．How long did the event last
A．Three hours.
B．Four hours.
C．Five hours.
10．Why did the woman call Henry this afternoon
A．To ask a favor.
B．To extend an invitation.
C．To ask about homework.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Why did the man drop out of college
A．He got tired of schooling.
B．He lost his mother to cancer.
C．He wanted to get on-the-job training.
12．What do we know about Raphael
A．He was open-minded.
B．He was a strict teacher.
C．He started a Chinese music group.
13．What does the man do
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．A musician.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What is Mary looking for
A．A student apartment.
B．The student dormitory.
C．The Student Union building.
15．What does Sam major in
A．Psychology.
B．Business.
C．Medicine.
16．What can be inferred from the conversation
A．Mary lives outside the school.
B．Sam has just arrived in the States.
C．The speakers know each other well.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did Aelita Andre begin to learn painting
A．At 4 years old.
B．At 22 months.
C．At 9 months.
18．What was the highest price of Aelita Andre’s artworks
A．$4,000. B．$10,000. C．$14,000.
19．What was Aelita Andre’s achievement in 2020
A．She drew a painting of Jackson Pollock.
B．She won the Global Child Prodigy Awards.
C．She had her own exhibition in Manhattan.
20．Why does the speaker give the talk
A．To introduce a truly talented artist.
B．To show her concerns about Aelita Andre.
C．To illustrate the value of abstract paintings.
答案　1.C　2.B　3.C　4.B　5.C　6.B　7.A　8.A　9.B　10.A　11.B　12.A　13.C　14.C　15.C　16.A　17.C　18.B　19.B　20.A
听力材料
Text 1
M：We are having a little party at the weekend.Can you come
W：That sounds nice.But I already have plans with Tom.We’re going to the beach.
Text 2
M：I’m glad to see you are eating Chinese food again.It’s far healthier than that hamburger I saw you eating.
W：What you saw at lunchtime was a one-off，because I was with a Western friend.
M：I bet it wasn’t as good as this dinner your mother made.
Text 3
M：Did you send that email to Mark so that he could sign off on the building plans
W：Yes，I sent it an hour ago，but he hasn’t replied yet.I’ll call him to see if he has checked the email.
M：Please do.They need to be filed by noon.
Text 4
W：I think this coat is fashionable，but it is too big for our daughter.The sleeves are so long.
M：That’s true.Let me talk to the shop assistant and ask for a smaller size.
Text 5
W：Wow，you’ve collected some new stamps！You have 60 now，George.
M：You know what？My friend Ann has 25 more.She has two books of stamps.
W：That’s unbelievable.
Text 6
M：Good morning.I have an interview scheduled with Mr Black for 2 o’clock.It’s for an article I’m writing for next week’s journal.
W：Oh，yes.That means you’re Mr Woods.⑥I actually gave you a call last evening.
M：Oh，really I didn’t notice that.
W：That’s all right.⑥I called to say that Mr Black had to cancel the interview.He had to attend an urgent board meeting at our main office in Dallas.
M：Really That’s too bad.Could I possibly reschedule
W：Certainly.⑦He’ll be back tomorrow night.Would the following day—that’s Thursday at 10 a．m.be OK with you
M：That’s great.
Text 7
W：Henry，I called your home this afternoon，but your mother said you were out.
M：I went to the First Annual Festival of Health in our city.
W：Did you have a good time there
M：Yes.First，⑧I took part in the “I Matter” walk，to wander for a mile around Antelope Park and promote both mental and physical health.I talked happily with some others while walking there.
W：What did you do after that
M：I went to the Auld Pavilion.There are more than 30 organizations setting up tables to share health tips and services.They also offered food and demonstrations of healthy cooking.
W：So did the event last long
M：⑨It began at 1：00 pm and didn’t end until 5：00 pm.It’s a pity you missed it.But don’t worry.You can go to it next year.
W：I really look forward to it.
M：By the way，why did you call me
W：⑩I wanted to know if you have time to help me with my math homework tonight.
Text 8
W：So you started performing over 30 years ago.
M：Yes，I was born in Oakland，but was raised around grass valley，where I am living now.I came back to San Francisco for college in 1964，but dropped out a year later.
W： Why did you drop out of college
M： My mother died of cancer.If she hadn’t been ill，I probably would have stayed in school.But luckily，I got some on-the-job training later.
W：Let’s get back to Raphael.Your teacher.Tell me something about him.
M：When I first met him，I was in awe of him.Not only was he an incredible Jazz musician，but he knew the tradition and played all the instruments，too. In any musical tradition，some people will get locked into a narrow view of music，but he was open to everything.I think that went into me. It led to me getting into a Chinese music group called the flowing stream.
Text 9
M：Hello! You look lost.Can I be of assistance
W：Oh，thanks.You’re right.I am lost. I’m looking for the Student Union building.
M：You’re close.It’s just across the playground.It’s the three-story brick building over there.
W：I see.Thanks a lot.You’ve been a big help.
M：Excuse me for saying so，but you’re not from around here，are you Are you British or what
W：Actually I’m Australian.I’m an exchange student.You’re an American，I assume.
M：Yes.By the way，I’m Sam Jones.
W：I’m Mary Donald.Pleased to meet you.
M：So how long have you been in the States，Mary
W：I’ve been here about three weeks now.So what’s your major Sam
M： I’m studying medicine now.What’s yours
W：I’m not sure yet.I’m kind of interested in business，but my parents believe psychology will be hot in the future.
M： So do you live in the dorm
W： Actually no.I have a small apartment about five blocks from here.Well，I have to run.Thanks for your help.Maybe we’ll run into each other again sometime.
M：Could be.It’s a pretty small college.Nice to meet you，Mary.See you later.
W：See you.
Text 10
W： Most babies first learn to walk and talk before developing any skills or hobbies，but this was not in the case of 15-year-old Australian artist Aelita Andre. When she was 9 months old，she started to learn painting by herself.By the age of one year and ten months，her first painting was in London Art Gallery.She had her first solo exhibition in Manhattan when she was just four years old.The show was called “The Prodigy of Colors”．Aelita’s exhibition in Manhattan was displayed for three weeks straight.All her 24 artworks were sold there within a week. The price was ranging from $4,000 to $10,000.Aelita’s artworks gained popularity and fame，and her artworks began appearing in the big galleries all over the world.Critics call her young Picasso，and her painting style is frequently compared with Jackson Pollock，the greatest abstract artist of all time. Global Child Prodigy Awards is the world’s first and only awards ceremony to recognize unique and talented children.Aelita Andre won the award in 2020.Everyone has his or her own talent，so find your own talent.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Volunteering is a great way to develop new skills，gain experience and connect with others.If you are interested in volunteering，here are some recommended opportunities.
Disabled People’s Buddy
Become a buddy to help young disabled people.You can decide how to spend your time together，whether in an art exhibition or a little concert，but remember to take care of him or her.We hope that you understand the importance of protecting people’s dignity，communicate with them patiently，and devote 3－4 hours every week to the project for at least six months.
App Content Creator
We’re making an app to promote protection of our planet from climate change.We’re looking for someone who cares about the climate crisis and uses online design tools skilfully.If you are admitted，you will work at least 4 hours per week from home to help publicize green living，but you will learn a lot about marketing and brand building.
Volunteer Map Editor
Your primary responsibility is to update structure data for The National Map using our mapping app.Structures include schools，hospitals，police stations，and other important public buildings.Since this is an ongoing remote computer-based activity，you can participate from anywhere you have reliable Internet access if it suits your schedule.
Citizen TV Volunteer
Make a change-making feature documentary with us.You will research，film，and bring to light some inspiring stories over the past 160 years.No prior skills are required，and you will receive professional camera training.You will work from day to night，so please get your body and mind prepared.
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍了一些志愿活动项目。
21．What should you do as a buddy of disabled people
A．Discover their artistic talents.
B．Accompany them with respect.
C．Provide them with medical care.
D．Develop their communication skills.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据Disabled People’s Buddy中的“We hope that you understand the importance of protecting people’s dignity，communicate with them patiently...”可知，作为残疾人的朋友，应该带着尊重陪伴他们。故选B。
22．How can one benefit from becoming an app content creator
A．By acquiring marketing knowledge.
B．By promoting personal brands.
C．By taking online design courses.
D．By adopting a healthy lifestyle.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据App Content Creator中的“If you are admitted...you will learn a lot about marketing and brand building.”可知，成为应用程序内容创作者可以获得的好处是获取市场营销知识。故选A。
23．Which volunteer opportunity is the most flexible in terms of working time
A．Disabled People’s Buddy.
B．App Content Creator.
C．Volunteer Map Editor.
D．Citizen TV Volunteer.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据Volunteer Map Editor中的“you can participate from anywhere you have reliable Internet access if it suits your schedule”以及与其他三项活动的比较可知，地图编辑志愿者的工作时间是最灵活的。故选 C。
B
Do you love fossils and dinosaurs I’m lucky enough to be a fossil preparator(化石制备师)，which means I work with fossils，like removing rocks from fossils and gluing fossils together to make sure they’re not broken.Sometimes，we have dinosaur bones that need to be arranged and put back into place.
I like the job from the bottom of my heart.When we make “jackets”—these are things that store the fossils—we have to accurately and scientifically figure out how to make them for specific bones or fossils，which can be different shapes and artistic expression.
Since I was a kid，it’s been my dream to be a paleontologist(古生物学者)．When I was 12，I went to this kind of event at the Houston Museum of Natural Science called Dinosaur Day.I got a chance to meet paleontologists.At the end，I asked，“Hey，can I volunteer？” And somehow，they let me，as long as a parent came with me.At 12 years old，I got to go to a fossil excavation(挖掘)，and I got to work with dinosaur bones and fossils in the lab for the first time.
Fossils are very old.We don’t always get all the pieces.We’re working with something that’s incomplete，sometimes.We do our best to fit the pieces we know back together.And as for the pieces we don’t know，we don’t try to make anything up.But sometimes，we have a gap in a specimen(标本) and it needs support.We’ll put some material in there that’s clearly not fossil，so when people go to study it，they know not to study that part.
People would wonder how I find other kids，especially girls，who shared my interests when I was growing up.As a matter of fact，in my friend group，I was the only dinosaur girl.My friends were interested in other things，but they were all super supportive of my love for fossils.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者以第一人称讲述了自己作为一名化石制备师的成长经历和工作内容，包括从小对古生物学的热爱、参加相关活动的经历，以及在工作中处理化石的过程。
24．Why does the author like her job
A．It is not a demanding job.
B．It combines both art and science.
C．It is more artistic than scientific.
D．It is about collecting dinosaur bones.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“...we have to accurately and scientifically figure out how to make them for specific bones or fossils，which can be different shapes and artistic expression.”可知，制作储存化石的装备时，必须准确而科学地找出如何为特定的骨头或化石制作它们，它们可以是不同的形状和艺术表达。由此可知，作者之所以喜欢她的工作是因为它结合了艺术和科学。故选B。
25．Why does the author mention her visit to her local museum
A．To show her path to follow her dream.
B．To prove her parents supporting her job.
C．To present the barrier of achieving her dream.
D．To tell her easy access to achieving her dream.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Since I was a kid，it’s been my dream to be a paleontologist(古生物学者)．When I was 12，I went to this kind of event at the Houston Museum of Natural Science called Dinosaur Day.I got a chance to meet paleontologists.”可知，作者提到她参观了当地的博物馆，是为了展示她追寻梦想的道路。故选A。
26．How does the author deal with the incomplete fossils
A．By burying them back in the ground.
B．By breaking and reconstructing them.
C．By making them up with similar materials.
D．By filling their gaps with distinct materials.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But sometimes，we have a gap in a specimen(标本) and it needs support.We’ll put some material in there that’s clearly not fossil，so when people go to study it，they know not to study that part.”可知，作者通过用不同的材料填补空隙来处理不完整的化石。故选D。
27．What kind of girl was the author when she was growing up
A．Cautious. B．Understanding.
C．Independent. D．Entertaining.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“At the end，I asked，‘Hey，can I volunteer？’ And somehow，they let me，as long as a parent came with me.”和最后一段可知，在作者成长的过程中她是特立独行的。故选C。
C
Researchers have made a digital map showing a tiny piece of a human brain in unknown detail.The map represents a cubic millimeter of brain—an area about half the size of a grain of rice.But even that tiny part is overflowing with a large amount of information—containing about 57,000 cells,230 millimeters of blood vessels and 150 million synapses(突触)，the connections between neurons(神经元)．
The researchers published their findings in a journal.They have made the data set freely available online and provided tools for analyzing it.“In one respect，our data set is tiny，” Jeff Lichtman，a co-author of the study，says.“But it doesn’t feel small，because when you get in it，you see it’s like a huge forest.”
For the new paper，the researchers turned to a piece of brain tissue from a person with epilepsy(癫痫)．The data has already brought some unexpected findings for the researchers.For instance，they found some rare sites where neurons were connected by more than 50 synapses.This is incredibly uncommon—more than 96 percent of connections between neurons have just one synapse，and more than 99 percent have three or fewer synapses.
“These strong connections might show what learning looks like in the brain，” Lichtman assumes.They represent behaviors so well-practiced that they require almost no thought at all，such as moving your foot from the accelerator to the brake when stopping a car.However，he thinks while the tissue sample didn’t have any evidence of disease，they can’t be certain whether these surprises are in some way related to the person’s epilepsy or treatments.Studying other tissue samples could give them a clearer idea.
Next，the researchers would like to map a mouse’s brain.But in the meantime，the human statistics they currently have will push other researchers to learn more about the human brain，especially its unknown areas.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究人员制作了一张人脑的一小部分的详细数字地图，这张地图已经为研究人员带来了一些意想不到的发现。
28．What does the digital map created by the researchers show
A．Mainly the huge synapses.
B．The entire network of neurons.
C．Various aspect of the human brain.
D．Detailed information about a small brain area.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Researchers have made a digital map showing...detail.The map represents a cubic millimeter of brain—an area about half the size of a grain of rice.”可知，研究人员创建的数字地图显示了大脑一小部分的详细信息。故选D。
29．How does paragraph 3 illustrate the rarity of these sites
A．By listing data.
B．By citing papers.
C．By making an assumption.
D．By describing a phenomenon.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“For instance，they found some rare sites...more than 96 percent of connections between neurons have just one synapse，and more than 99 percent have three or fewer synapses.”可知，作者通过列举数据来说明这些点位的稀有性。故选A。
30．What is Lichtman’s attitude to the findings
A．Grateful. B．Cautious.
C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
答案　B
解析　观点态度题。根据第四段中“However，he thinks while...they can’t be certain whether these surprises are in some way related to the person’s epilepsy or treatments.”可知，Lichtman对于这些发现持谨慎态度。故选B。
31．What can we learn about the effect of the research from the last paragraph
A．It is expected. B．It is inspiring.
C．It is unknown. D．It is confusing.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But in the meantime，the human statistics they currently have will push other researchers to learn more about the human brain，especially its unknown areas.”可推知，这项研究的效果是鼓舞人心的，故选B。
D
Have you ever conducted a job interview through video Do you work remotely and mostly communicate with your colleagues through technologies like Microsoft Teams or Slack Technologies are rapidly changing how，when，and where we work.But what impact do they have on our work motivation We recently reviewed the research done to answer this question and unfortunately，the news is not so good.
For the most part，technologies have worsened the satisfaction of our psychological needs when we work.They are robbing us of our feelings of control and freedom because they monitor us and tell us what and how to do our work；sometimes they also pressure us to work faster.And they are decreasing our chances to create meaningful relationships with colleagues.
To fix and avoid these issues in the future，we have concluded from this review that we need to advocate for the use of psychological knowledge when designing technologies to be used in work environments.Psychologists are well equipped to advise how to design and use technologies in ways that will maintain or even improve the design of our work.
Work is considered to be well-designed when it gives us some decision-making power，provides us with performance feedback，and allows us to connect with colleagues not only to increase relatedness but also to see the impact our work has on stakeholders(利益相关者)．Good work design makes our work more meaningful.
Why is this important Because work motivation that stems from meaning and enjoyment will be increasingly important in the future of work.Indeed，as work environments and career tracks become more dynamic and precarious，we need workers to be more active and flexible for the changeable situation.And motivation through meaning and enjoyment makes people more active and flexible.
So，when you hear your employer wants to introduce new technologies in your workplace，ask them if they have used the service of psychology experts.It will ensure your work keeps being designed in a way that will make it meaningful and enjoyable.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了在工作设计中综合考虑技术因素和人的心理因素的必要性。
32．According to the recent research review，how do technologies affect our work
A．They decrease our working efficiency.
B．They increase our psychological needs.
C．They improve our relationships with colleagues.
D．They reduce our work motivation for creativity.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“For the most part，technologies have worsened the satisfaction of our psychological needs when we work...they monitor us and tell us what and how to do our work；sometimes they also pressure us to work faster.”可知，技术降低了我们创造性的工作动机。故选D。
33．What does the author suggest for introducing technologies in work
A．Updating technical equipment.
B．Reviewing the former research.
C．Consulting psychology experts.
D．Improving the design of our work.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“To fix and avoid these issues in the future，we have concluded from this review that we need to advocate for the use of psychological knowledge when designing technologies to be used in work environments.”可知，对于在工作中引入技术，作者的建议是要咨询心理学专家。故选C。
34．What does the underlined word “precarious” mean in paragraph 5
A．Rewarding. B．Unavoidable.
C．Uncertain. D．Straightforward.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。画线词后文提到我们需要工人更加积极和灵活地应对多变的情况，由此可推断，此处表达“随着工作环境和职业轨迹变得更加动态和不确定”，precarious意为“不确定的”，故选C。
35．What is the best title for the text
A．Is Technology Killing Your Work Motivation
B．What the Employers Can Do in the Workplace
C．A New Review Gives Insights on Psychology
D．The Future of Work Environments and Career Tracks
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，文章开头提到技术对工作动机的负面影响，然后建议在工作设计中考虑心理学因素并解释了原因，最后总结强调在引入新技术时考虑心理学专家的意见以确保工作的意义和乐趣，从而保持工作动机。因此，A项“Is Technology Killing Your Work Motivation？(技术正在削弱你的工作动力？)”概括了文章探讨的主要问题，故选A。
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you consider yourself to be shy by nature，you may worry that you’re not a good conversationalist. 36 There are plenty of easy，subtle ways to improve your social skills in your daily life.Here are a few tips and tricks to help you get started.
Start a conversation. 37 Many people feel more relaxed if they have time to prepare a conversation starter.You can write down a list of potential conversation starters.You could，for example，talk about an assignment，if you’re making a conversation in class.
38 People want to feel that the other person is interested in them.You can share simple insights and ask questions to continue the conversation.Before you bring up your own insights，make a rule that you ask at least one question about what the other person is saying.
Remember to engage in only one thing at a time.When a person is talking，pay attention to what he or she is talking about.Keep your mind focused on the present moment instead of planning what you’ll say next.It’s inevitable that you will think of something that relates.That’s okay. 39 But don’t spend time thinking about how to word your responses.
Most conversations will run their own courses.It’s okay if you can’t think of anything else to say.Simply mention something else you have to do，and that you’ll have to step away.Thank the person for their time，and let them know that you’d like to talk again some other time. 40
A．Don’t worry.
B．Choose a shared topic.
C．Keep a conversation going.
D．It is good to have responses ready.
E．A simple question can be enough to start the talk.
F．Practice ahead of time，if you’re easy to get anxious.
G．In this way，allow the conversation to come to a natural stop.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些提高社交技

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