资源简介

(共104张PPT)
Period 1
Reading and Thinking
Environmental protection
Unit 3
内容索引
Step 1　课文深度理解
Step 2　语言知识梳理
Step 3　基础达标检测
作业1
课文深度理解
1.Why was a polar bear referred to in paragraph 2
A.To explain the reason.
B.To introduce the subject.
C.To show the dangerous situation of polar bears.
D.To show the effect of the global climate change.
√
泛读速选
2.How does the author develop paragraph 3
A.By listing numbers.
B.By giving examples.
C.By citing quotations.
D.By giving definitions.
√
3.What’s the author’s attitude to “greenhouse effect”？
A.Skeptical. B.Negative.
C.Objective. D.Unconcerned.
√
4.What can be learned from the last two paragraphs
A.There’s no need to worry about global warming.
B.Global warming can cease without proper measures.
C.The government itself can decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
D.The authorities and the public can jointly handle the global climate.
√
5.What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A.To call for people to donate money.
B.To ask people not to kill polar bears.
C.To educate people about global warming.
D.To appeal to people to care Earth’s ecology.
√
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD’S ATTENTION
We have known about1 climate change for decades.[1]There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph).
精读细研
[1]本句是复合句。There is little doubt that...“毫无疑问……”，that 引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容。
词块翻译：
1._____
了解
A warming ocean and atmosphere along with2 melting ice and rising sea levels3 provide evidence4 of a dramatic change5 in the global climate.
词块翻译：
2.___________
3._____________
4._________
5._____
和……一起
上升的海平面
提供证据
剧变
In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by6 a news photo of a dead polar bear [2]that was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard.
[3]According to7 the scientists who found its dead body，all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”.
[2]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词polar bear。
[3]本句是复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientists；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词all，that不能用which代替。
词块翻译：
6.___________
7.___________
被……震惊
根据，按照
An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared [4]to have starved and died.Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels [5]caused by climate change8 meant the bear could not hunt seals as before9，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food.
[4]to have starved and died是动词不定式短语，作系动词appear的表语。
[5]caused by climate change是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词levels。
词块翻译：
8._________
9.___________
气候变化
像以前那样
This alarming case10 showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on11 Earth’s ecology.
词块翻译：
10.___________________
11._____________
这个令人震惊的案例
对……有影响
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature12？[6]Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect13”，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect.
[6]本句是复合句。called the “greenhouse effect”是动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词process；which has...effect是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the “greenhouse effect”。
词块翻译：
12._________________
13._________
全球平均地表温度
温室效应
The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to14 the fact [7]that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation.The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths15.
[7]that引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容。
词块翻译：
14.________________________
15._____
指的是；提到；参考；涉及
波长
Greenhouse gases16 in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat，[8]keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable.
[8]keeping...habitable是动词-ing形式短语作结果状语，warm and habitable是形容词作宾语补足语。
词块翻译：
16._________
温室气体
[9]Without this process，Earth could not sustain life17.However，the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem.When people produce huge amounts of18 extra greenhouse gases by [10]burning fossil fuels19，
[9]could not sustain life是由介词without引导的含蓄虚拟语气。
[10]burning fossil fuels是动词-ing形式短语作介词by的宾语。
词块翻译：
17._________
18._______
19._____________
维持生命
大量的
燃烧化石燃料
more heat energy is trapped in20 the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature [11]to rise quickly.
[11]to rise quickly是动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。
词块翻译：
20._______________________
陷入……中；被困在……
[12]There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to21 an increase in extreme weather22 and natural disasters23 worldwide，not only causing serious damage24，but also costing human lives.
[12]本句是复合句。There is...evidence是主句；that引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容；not only causing...和but also costing...是两个并列的动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。
词块翻译：
21._____
22._________
23._________
24.___________________
导致
极端天气
自然灾害
造成损失；造成损害
Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price [13]to pay.In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves [14]causing deaths and economic losses25.
[13]to pay是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词price。
[14]causing deaths and economic losses是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语rainstorms and heatwaves。
词块翻译：
25._________
经济损失
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in26 further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.This requires the attention of people all over the world27.
词块翻译：
26._____
27.___________
导致
在世界各地
[15]Governments need to consider making policies28 and taking appropriate actions and measures29 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions30.
[15]本句是简单句。to consider...and measures是动词不定式短语作动词need的宾语；making...和taking...是两个并列的动词-ing形式短语作动词consider的宾语；to reduce...emissions是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
词块翻译：
28._________
29._____________________
30._________________
制定政策
采取适当的行动和措施
减少温室气体排放
We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint31” by restricting the amount of32 carbon dioxide [16]our lifestyles produce.
[16]our lifestyles produce是定语从句，省略了关系代词that/which，修饰先行词carbon dioxide。
词块翻译：
31._______
32.___________
碳足迹
……的数量
[17]It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to33 educate everyone about global warming34，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do [18]to help
[17]句中it作形式主语，动词不定式to seize every opportunity to...作真正的主语；because引导原因状语从句；affecting all...为动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰issue。
[18]to help是动词不定式作目的状语。
词块翻译：
33.___________________
34._________
抓住每个机会做某事
全球变暖
析篇章结构
warmer and warmer
death
greenhouse
disasters
attention
返 回
语言知识梳理
vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死(starving adj.挨饿的；即将饿死的 starvation n.饥饿；挨饿；饿死)
[教材原句P26] An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.
一位长期研究北极熊的专家说，从尸体的姿势看，这只北极熊像是饿死的。
[译林版] I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue.
我饿极了，急忙把牛排放在烤肉架上。
1
starve
·starve for渴望……；急需……
starve to death饿死
·die of/from starvation饿死；死于饥饿
(1)Sensing that there are many children in the underdeveloped region starving to ______(die)，we have made up our minds to help them.
＝Sensing that there are many children in the underdeveloped region dying of ___________(starve)，we have made up our minds to help them.
death
starvation
(2)(应用文写作之申请信)掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一扇新的窗户看世界。因此，我一直渴望这样一个宝贵的机会来练习英语口语，所以请接受我的申请。
Mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.Consequently，I _________________________________
__________________________________，so please accept my application.
have been starving for such a precious opportunity to practise spoken English
写作佳句
vt.& n.排放；释放；发布；首映(电影)；宣泄
2
release
[教材原句P27] The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths.
这一热量以更大的波长被释放回大气层。
[北师大版] Amazingly，it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered，and once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.令人惊讶的是，这些包裹只需通过5至7个人就能送到正确的人手中。结果一经公布，便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。
·release...from...把……从……释放，放出
·on release在公映；发行；释放
(1)(读后续写之拟人用法) I carefully released the trapped hummingbird ______ the spider’s web and it seemed as if the bird were smiling at me as a reward for my help.
from
(2)(应用文写作之邀请信)得知本周六上午9点将有一部新电影上映，我很想和你一起欣赏，请不要拒绝我诚挚的邀请。
Learning that __________________________________________
_____________，I am starving to enjoy it together with you and please don’t decline my sincere invitation.
a new movie is to be released/on release at 9 am this Saturday
写作佳句
vt.限制；限定；束缚(restriction n.限制规定；限制法规；约束 restricted adj.有限的；受限制的 restrictive adj.限制性的；约束性的)
3
restrict
[教材原句P27] We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
作为个人，我们也可以通过限制我们的生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。
[外研版] Some environmentalists argue that we should restrict urban development to leave enough natural habitats for wild animals.
一些环保主义者认为，我们应该限制城市发展，为野生动物留下足够的自然栖息地。
·restrict...to...把……限制在……
·without restriction毫无限制
(1)As far as the school consultant is concerned，the new method is too __________(restrict) to stimulate our interest in the oral English class.
(2)The park is open to the public without __________(restrict).
restrictive
restriction
(3)(话题写作之在线学习)要成为聪明的在线学习者，我们应该把玩电脑游戏和看视频限制在30分钟以内。只有严格的限制和纪律，我们才能更有效地在网上学习。
To be smart online learners，_____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.Only _______________________
_________ can we learn more efficiently online.
we should restrict ourselves to/we should be restricted to playing computer games and watching videos for less than 30 minutes
with strict restrictions and
discipline
写作佳句
vt.抓住；夺取；控制；(情绪)突然侵袭
4
seize
[教材原句P27] It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖，包括其成因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。
[外研版] At last，showing a strong will and the steeliest nerves，they played a close match against Serbia to seize gold in the final.最后，她们与塞尔维亚队进行了一场势均力敌的比赛，在决赛中夺得了金牌，表现出了强大的决心和钢铁般的意志。
seize sb by the＋身体部位　抓住某人的……
(panic/fear/anger...) seize sb(情绪)突然侵袭某人
be seized with...被……侵扰；患/得(病)；突然产生某种想法
(1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)周围的人都盯着我看，恐惧立刻攫住了我，我忍不住颤抖起来。
With those around me staring at me，______________________________
_____ straight away and I couldn’t resist trembling.
fear seized me/I was seized with
fear
(2)(读后续写之动作链描写)他站起来，抓住我的胳膊，像箭一样向汽车站冲去。
He rose to his feet，______________________ and rushed to the bus station like an arrow.
seized me by the arm
5
There is little doubt that...
[教材原句P26] There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph).
毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。
毫无疑问……
doubt的常见句型：
There is some doubt whether...……有些疑问。
There is no doubt that...……是毫无疑问的。
I doubt whether/if.../I have some doubt whether...我怀疑……
I don’t doubt that.../I have no doubt that...我毫不怀疑……
(1)There is some doubt _________ I can enhance my ability in comedy performances through this online course.
＝I doubt __________ I can enhance my ability in comedy performances through this online course.
whether
whether/if
(2)(话题写作之科技与生活)我毫不怀疑计算机在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
I _______________________________ computers are playing an increasingly important part in our routine life.
don’t doubt that/have no doubt that
写作佳句
(3)(2025·浙江1月，应用文写作)毫无疑问，短视频已经成为学生与更广泛的观众分享他们的想法、才能和经历的有力媒介。
_________________________ short videos have become a powerful medium for students to share their ideas，talents，and experiences with a broader audience.
There is little/no doubt that
[教材原句P27] Without this process，Earth could not sustain life.如果没有这一过程，地球就无法维系生命。
6
介词(短语)引导含蓄虚拟语气
·在含蓄虚拟条件句中，如果表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设，则主
句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋do”；如果表示与过去事实
相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋have
done”。
·含蓄条件句还可以用but for(要不是)，otherwise，or，but等词来引导。
(1)没有热心专家的建议，我就不会克服困难和挑战。
Without the warm-hearted specialist’s advice，I _____________________
__________________________.
wouldn’t have overcome the difficulties and challenges
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)要不是老师的鼓励和陪伴，我就不会在写作比赛中获得第一名。
____________________________________________________，I wouldn’t have won first prize in the writing competition.
(3)我的校长经常激励我专心学习，否则我现在不会在班里名列第一。
My head teacher frequently stimulates me to absorb myself in learning，__________________________________________________.
But for/Without my teacher’s encouragement and company
otherwise/or I wouldn’t rank first in my class at present
返 回
基础达标检测
1.Research suggests that warm colors greatly fuel our appetites.
_____________
2.Once you’ve broken the seal of a bottle，there’s no way you can put it back together again. 　　 _______
vt.增强；刺激
Ⅰ.品句猜词
n.封口
1.What has happened recently stimulates me to reduce my carbon _________ on the environment.
2.There is a growing ______ that more and more people are living a green life to protect the ecology from being damaged.
3.Our school is ____________(广播) a lecture by a specialist in psychology.
4.The police officers decided on conducting a thorough and _________________
(详尽的) review of the case.
5.Up to now so much carbon dioxide has been _________(释放) that it results in global warming.
footprint
trend
broadcasting
Ⅱ.单词拼写
comprehensive
released
1.Despite some challenges，I will seize the golden opportunity _________
(enhance) my social ability.
2.Without your patient guidance，I __________________(quit) playing bowling.
3.It is agreed that the number of members in the school comedy club should be restricted ____ 30.
4.He __________(frequent) felt worn out and stressed out，so he had to consult a psychologist.
to enhance
would have quit
to
frequently
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
5.The homeless man was dying of __________(starve) and felt dizzy，and some kind passers-by offered him some food.
6.There is no doubt _____ sugary foods damage our teeth，so we should avoid eating them too much.
starvation
that
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.In 2013，many people 1._____________(shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear which died of 2.__________(starve).Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels 3.________(cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances to find food.Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature？Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，4._______ has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect.
were shocked
starvation
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
caused
which
The “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become 5._____ big problem.
There is strong and comprehensive evidence 6._______ the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide.In fact，news reports are 7.__________(frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the 8.________(globe) climate.
a
that
frequently
global
This requires the attention of people all over the world.We as individuals can reduce our “carbon footprint” by 9.__________(restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.It is our responsibility 10._______ (seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts.
restricting
返 回
to seize
作业1
1.______________(了解) your abusing tobacco，I am writing to offer you some tips on how to quit smoking.
2.I _______________(被……震惊) his poor physical condition and a sense of sadness dominated me.
3.___________(查阅) my English-Chinese dictionary repeatedly enables me to master more English words.
4.When ___________(被困在) hardships，I rely on you to give me a hand generously.
Knowing about
was shocked by
Ⅰ.短语填空
Referring to
trapped in
5.Our government has decided on _______________(制定政策) on how to reduce our carbon footprint.
making policies
1.毫无疑问，人们砍伐树木和挖草已经使得许多土地变成沙漠。(doubt)
_________________________ people’s cutting down trees and digging up grass have caused much land to become deserts.
2.因此，是时候限制我们对环境造成损害的不当行为了。(现在分词短语作后置定语)
As a result，it is high time that we restricted our improper behaviour ________________________________.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——环境保护
There is no/little doubt that
causing damage to our environment
3.为了恢复森林和草地，我们应该抓住一切机会保护它们。(不定式短语作目的状语)
____________________________，we should seize every opportunity to protect them.
4.没有良好的环境，人类就无法过上幸福和谐的生活。(含蓄虚拟语气)
Without a good environment，human beings ________________________
________________________.
To restore the forests and grass
couldn’t/wouldn’t live a
happy and harmonious life
5.通过努力来改善这种状况是我们的责任。(it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语)
________________________________________ with our efforts.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
It’s our responsibility to improve the situation
A
A new study on baby birds shows that traffic noise can affect their growth and lead to lifelong harm.The finding raises new concerns about the effect of noise pollution on wildlife—and humans as well.
语篇解读　这是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，交通噪声会影响小鸟的成长并导致终身伤害，这也引发了对噪声污染对野生动物和人类影响的新的担忧。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Researchers already knew too much noise is likely to disturb birds，making it more difficult for the parents to communicate with and care for their baby birds.But it wasn’t clear whether the noise itself could directly harm young birds.
Mylene Mariette，a behavioral ecologist at Deakin University，and her team set out to answer that question with birds held on campus in Melbourne，Australia.For 5 nights in a row，they played either road noise or bird songs for several hours.The sounds were kept at a volume of 65 decibels(分贝)—about the same loudness as a conversation in a bar or city traffic.Other eggs were left in silence.After the eggs hatched，the baby birds received one of two treatments—road noise or bird songs—for another 9 nights.The baby birds heard the sounds in a separate room，and then were returned to their nests.
Eggs exposed to traffic sounds were 19% less likely to hatch compared with those exposed to the sound of songs.It shows a clear effect of traffic noise，Mariette says.As the baby birds developed，they also showed worrying development signs.Those exposed to noise grew slower.Moreover，when those birds grew up，they had about half as many offspring(后代) as the birds exposed to songs as youngsters.
Hans Slabbekoorn，an ecologist and animal behavior expert at Leiden University，notes that these concerns apply to humans as well.“The findings suggest that the acoustic(听觉的) environment of birds in cities and along highways should be better managed，” he writes，“and that the acoustic comfort in hospital environments for pregnant mothers and babies requires special attention.” Eventually，the research might help reveal how much and in what ways noise pollution should be reduced.
1.What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on about the study
A.Its process. B.Its result.
C.Its difficulty. D.Its purpose.
√
段落大意题。第三段主要关于研究的过程。故选A。
解析
2.How are the findings explained in paragraph 4
A.By giving examples.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By analyzing reasons.
D.By making predictions.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Eggs exposed to traffic sounds were 19% less likely to hatch compared with those exposed to the sound of songs.”和“Those exposed to noise grew slower.Moreover，when those birds grew up，they had about half as many offspring(后代) as the birds exposed to songs as youngsters.”可知，第四段通过对比解释调查结果。故选B。
解析
3.What do the findings indicate
A.Move the birds from cities to protected areas.
B.Make laws to close highways and other noisy places.
C.Educate people on the bad effects of noise pollution.
D.Pay special attention to the hospital environment for babies.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘The findings suggest that...’ he writes，‘and that the acoustic comfort in hospital environments for pregnant mothers and babies requires special attention.’”可知，要特别注意婴儿的医院环境。故选D。
解析
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Traffic Noise Helps Birds Communicate
B.Scientists Have Found Ways to Reduce Noise
C.Hospital Environments Are Greatly Affected
D.Traffic Noise Causes Lifelong Harm to Baby Birds
√
标题归纳题。综合全文内容，尤其根据第一段中“A new study on baby birds shows that traffic noise can affect their growth and lead to lifelong harm.”可知，文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，交通噪声会影响小鸟的成长并导致终身伤害，这也引发了对噪声污染对野生动物和人类影响的新的担忧。所以短文的标题为“交通噪声对幼鸟造成终身伤害”。故选D。
解析
B(此篇精读)
When she was 15，Ava Langridge watched a video online that explained how environmental activist Lauren Singer fit four years of trash(垃圾) into① a 16-ounce bottle.Inspired，the teen carried out a mission to help her family of five learn to live trash-free.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零浪费生活理念及其对家庭的影响。
“Within three months we reduced our trash from three bags a week to less than half a bag a week，” says the now 17-year-old Langridge，who has more than 45,000 followers on the Zero Waste Teen account.“Far too frequently，individuals view the concept of zero waste through an all-or-nothing perspective②.I want them to know that even modest efforts can have far-reaching③，transformative outcomes.”
According to the Environmental Protection Agency，the average American produces 4.9 pounds of trash every day.Although some of that gets recycled，the majority—including millions of tons of uneaten food and single-use plastic—ends up in the garbage.
Most of us do our part to involve eco-friendly habits into our everyday lives.But some families have become part of a zero-waste movement：sending nothing to landfills，reducing consumption，reusing as much as possible，recycling whatever remains，and composting(将……制成堆肥) the rest.That can sound daunting—but the term itself is a bit misleading.
“Zero waste is a mindset shift，” says Kathryn Kellogg of the lifestyle website Going Zero Waste.“It’s about progress，not perfection.What’s most important is that you go into this with a commitment to wanting to do better.”
And no one expects a family to achieve zero waste overnight.“It happens slowly and requires commitment and teamwork，” says Fredrika Syren，an environmental journalist and founder of Zero Waste Family.
“But the good news is that it can happen，one small little step at a time.”
In fact，once your family settles into new habits，you might find that reducing your trash is easier than you expected.
5.Why is Singer mentioned in paragraph 1
A.To stress the strength of a model.
B.To praise the effectiveness of leading a trash-free life.
C.To suggest how to become an environmental activist.
D.To explain why Langridge’s family started to live trash-free.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段可知，15岁时，Ava Langridge在网上观看了一段视频，视频解释了环保活动家Lauren Singer如何将四年的垃圾装进一个16盎司的瓶子里。受到启发，这名青少年执行了一项任务，帮助她的五口之家学会无垃圾生活。所以，提到Singer是为了解释她的行为激励了Langridge一家开始尝试无垃圾生活。故选D。
解析
6.What message does Langridge want to deliver
A.Small actions make a big difference.
B.Actions speak louder than words.
C.Where there’s life，there’s hope.
D.Many hands make light work.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段中Langridge说的话“Far too frequently...far-reaching，transformative outcomes.”可知，人们常常以一种要么全有要么全无的观点来看待零浪费的概念，而Langridge想让他们知道，即使是不太大的努力也会产生深远的、变革性结果，由此可推知她想要传达的信息是即使是很小的行动也能产生重大的影响。故选A。
解析
7.Which of the following best explains “daunting” underlined in paragraph 4
A.Worrying. B.Challenging.
C.Interesting. D.Amazing.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“But some families have become part of a zero-waste movement：sending nothing to landfills，reducing consumption，reusing as much as possible，recycling whatever remains，and composting(将……制成堆肥) the rest.”可知，零浪费运动听起来难以实现，因为这涉及彻底的生活方式的改变。因此，与“daunting”最接近的解释应该是“有挑战性的”。故选B。
解析
8.What might be talked about in the following paragraphs
A.Why we should go zero waste.
B.What zero waste means.
C.How to go zero waste.
D.When to start zero waste.
√
推理判断题。最后两段提到了实现零浪费是一个逐步的过程，但只要开始践行，你就会发现这并不难。由此可推知，接下来的段落很可能会介绍实施零浪费的一些具体方法或步骤。故选C。
解析
①fit...into 　　 ___________
②an all-or-nothing perspective 　　 _______________
③far-reaching adj. ___________
语境猜词
将……放入
非黑即白的视角
影响深远的
When she was 15，Ava Langridge watched a video online that explained how environmental activist Lauren Singer fit four years of trash into a 16-ounce bottle.
分析：此句为_____句。when引导_________从句；that引导_____从句，video为先行词，that在从句中作_____；how引导_____从句。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
句式分析
复合
时间状语
定语
主语
宾语
当艾娃·兰格里奇15岁时，她在网上观看了一段视频，视频展示了环保活动家劳伦·辛格如何将四年的垃圾装进一个16盎司的玻璃瓶中。
When Linda Newbery was eight，she knew she wanted to become a writer.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作家琳达·纽伯瑞的职业经历，介绍了她的作品反映的主题以及她的写作风格。
Ⅳ.完形填空
“I wrote a lot—usually in secret 1 people told me at school that writing wasn’t a proper job，” she recalls.“I was motivated by the books I 2 ，like a simplified version of Black Beauty which I could almost recite.”
1.A.until B.before
C.because D.though
2.A.read B.wrote
C.published D.illustrated
√
√
1.until直到；before在……之前；because因为；though尽管。根据句意可知，别人说写作不是一份好工作与她秘密地写作之间为因果关系。故选C。
2.read读；write写；publish出版；illustrate加插图于。根据下文“like a simplified version of Black Beauty which I could almost recite”可知，作者的动力来源于读过的书籍。故选A。
解析
This sets the tone for Linda’s lifelong theme of animal 3 ，which is central to her work.For instance，her recent book Cruelty Free，published in 2021，explores how our daily choices 4 animals and the environment.
3.A.diversity B.intelligence
C.welfare D.behavior
4.A.reflect B.affect
C.benefit D.interest
√
√
3.diversity多样性；intelligence智力；welfare福利；behavior行为。根据最后一段中的“As a long-time passionate advocate for animal welfare”可知，她一生的主题是动物福利。故选C。
4.reflect反射；affect影响；benefit使受益；interest使感兴趣。根据上文“our daily choices”以及下文“animals and the environment”并结合常识可知，人类的活动影响了动物和环境。故选B。
解析
“I once aimed to be a poet，” says Linda，admitting her 5 attempts were less than impressive.“It’s strange that although I write my prose(散文) 6 on the computer，I still prefer using traditional pen and paper for poetry.”
5.A.frequent B.ultimate
C.recent D.early
6.A.directly B.briefly
C.urgently D.wildly
√
√
5.frequent频繁的；ultimate最终的；recent最近的；early早期的。根据上文“I once aimed to be a poet”可知，这是早期的尝试。故选D。
6.directly直接地；briefly简短地；urgently紧急地；wildly失控地。根据上文的“although”和下文“I still prefer using traditional pen and paper for poetry”可知，她直接在电脑上写散文，但写诗时更喜欢用传统纸笔。故选A。
解析
Originating from Essex，Linda attended grammar school before earning an English degree and 7 settling as a secondary school teacher in Oxfordshire.
7.A.accidentally B.eventually
C.immediately D.gradually
√
accidentally偶然地；eventually最终；immediately立即；gradually逐渐地。根据下文“settling as a secondary school teacher in Oxfordshire”可知，她最终在牛津郡定居下来，成为一名中学教师。故选B。
解析
Her first novel Run with the Hare，released in 1988 without the aid of an agent，was 8 by her experiences teaching and running writing workshops for 9 .
8.A.shaped B.inspired
C.guided D.improved
9.A.agents B.poets
C.writers D.students
√
√
8.shape形成；inspire赋予灵感；guide指导；improve提高。根据下文“her experiences teaching and running writing workshops”可推知，本书的灵感来自她教学和举办写作讲习班的经历。故选B。
9.agent代理人；poet诗人；writer作家；student学生。根据上文“teaching and running writing workshops”可知，琳达服务的对象是学生。故选D。
解析
Despite facing numerous industry 10 ，including takeovers(收购) and lost publications，Linda remains positive， 11 for a consistent writing practice to maintain creative drive even while dealing with other tasks.
10.A.trends B.opportunities
C.challenges D.innovations
11.A.advocating B.begging
C.answering D.waiting
√
√
10.trend趋势；opportunity机会；challenge挑战；innovation创新。根据下文“including takeovers(收购) and lost publications”可知，这些是她曾面对的挑战。故选C。
11.advocate主张；beg祈求；answer回答；wait等待。根据上文“Linda remains positive”以及下文“maintain creative drive”可知，琳达主张坚持写作实践。故选A。
解析
Linda 12 her writing style to suit each story’s needs，always considering readers’ perspective.As a long-time passionate advocate for animal welfare，she uses social media to 13 animal protection.
12.A.keeps B.tailors
C.mirrors D.simplifies
13.A.hold back B.slow down
C.defend against D.campaign for
√
√
12.keep保持；tailor按需定制；mirror反射；simplify简化。根据下文“always considering readers’ perspective”可知，她根据每个故事的需要调整自己的写作风格。故选B。
13.hold back阻止；slow down使减速；defend against防范；campaign for开展支持(某人或某事的)运动。根据“passionate advocate for animal welfare”可知，她利用社交媒体支持动物保护运动。故选D。
解析
Alongside fellow authors，she runs Reviews by Writers，a website discussing literature and industry topics， 14 Linda’s adaptable storytelling approach and her devotion to 15 readers.
14.A.showing B.determining
C.imagining D.expecting
15.A.worrying about B.turning to
C.connecting with D.depending on
√
√
14.show展示；determine决定；imagine想象；expect期望。根据上文“a website discussing literature and industry topics”可知，该网站应是展示了琳达善于变通的讲故事方式。故选A。
15.worry about担忧；turn to求助；connect with与……联系；depend on依靠。根据上文“always considering readers’ perspective”可知，她致力于与读者建立联系。故选C。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 1　Reading and Thinking
1．Why was a polar bear referred to in paragraph 2
A．To explain the reason.
B．To introduce the subject.
C．To show the dangerous situation of polar bears.
D．To show the effect of the global climate change.
答案　D
2．How does the author develop paragraph 3
A．By listing numbers.
B．By giving examples.
C．By citing quotations.
D．By giving definitions.
答案　D
3．What’s the author’s attitude to “greenhouse effect”？
A．Skeptical. B．Negative.
C．Objective. D．Unconcerned.
答案　C
4．What can be learned from the last two paragraphs
A．There’s no need to worry about global warming.
B．Global warming can cease without proper measures.
C．The government itself can decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
D．The authorities and the public can jointly handle the global climate.
答案　D
5．What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A．To call for people to donate money.
B．To ask people not to kill polar bears.
C．To educate people about global warming.
D．To appeal to people to care Earth’s ecology.
答案　C
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD’S ATTENTION
We have known about1 climate change for decades.[1]There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph)．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with2 melting ice and rising sea levels3 provide evidence4 of a dramatic change5 in the global climate.
[1]本句是复合句。There is little doubt that...“毫无疑问……”，that 引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容。
词块翻译：
1．了解
2．和……一起
3．上升的海平面
4．提供证据
5．剧变
In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by6 a news photo of a dead polar bear [2]that was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard.[3]According to7 the scientists who found its dead body，all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared [4]to have starved and died.Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels [5]caused by climate change8 meant the bear could not hunt seals as before9，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food.This alarming case10 showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on11 Earth’s ecology.
[2]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词polar bear。
[3]本句是复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientists；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词all，that不能用which代替。
[4]to have starved and died是动词不定式短语，作系动词appear的表语。
[5]caused by climate change是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词levels。
6.被……震惊
7．根据，按照
8．气候变化
9．像以前那样
10．这个令人震惊的案例
11．对……有影响
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature12？[6]Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect13”，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to14 the fact [7]that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation.The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths15.Greenhouse gases16 in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat，[8]keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable.[9]Without this process，Earth could not sustain life17.However，the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem.When people produce huge amounts of18 extra greenhouse gases by [10]burning fossil fuels19，more heat energy is trapped in20 the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature [11]to rise quickly.
[6]本句是复合句。called the “greenhouse effect”是动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词process；which has...effect是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the “greenhouse effect”。
[7]that引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容。
[8]keeping...habitable是动词-ing形式短语作结果状语，warm and habitable是形容词作宾语补足语。
[9]could not sustain life是由介词without引导的含蓄虚拟语气。
[10]burning fossil fuels是动词-ing形式短语作介词by的宾语。
[11]to rise quickly是动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。
12.全球平均地表温度
13．温室效应
14．指的是；提到；参考；涉及
15．波长
16．温室气体
17．维持生命
18．大量的
19．燃烧化石燃料
20．陷入……中；被困在……
[12]There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to21 an increase in extreme weather22 and natural disasters23 worldwide，not only causing serious damage24，but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price [13]to pay.In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves [14]causing deaths and economic losses25.
[12]本句是复合句。There is...evidence是主句；that引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容；not only causing...和but also costing...是两个并列的动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。
[13]to pay是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词price。
[14]causing deaths and economic losses是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语rainstorms and heatwaves。
21.导致
22．极端天气
23．自然灾害
24．造成损失；造成损害
25．经济损失
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in26 further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.This requires the attention of people all over the world27.[15]Governments need to consider making policies28 and taking appropriate actions and measures29 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions30. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint31” by restricting the amount of32 carbon dioxide [16]our lifestyles produce.[17]It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to33 educate everyone about global warming34，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do [18]to help
[15]本句是简单句。to consider...and measures是动词不定式短语作动词need的宾语；making...和taking...是两个并列的动词-ing形式短语作动词consider的宾语；to reduce...emissions是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[16]our lifestyles produce是定语从句，省略了关系代词that/which，修饰先行词carbon dioxide。
[17]句中it作形式主语，动词不定式to seize every opportunity to...作真正的主语；because引导原因状语从句；affecting all...为动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰issue。
[18]to help是动词不定式作目的状语。
26.导致
27．在世界各地
28．制定政策
29．采取适当的行动和措施
30．减少温室气体排放
31．碳足迹
32．……的数量
33．抓住每个机会做某事
34．全球变暖
析篇章结构
starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死(starving adj.挨饿的；即将饿死的 starvation n．饥饿；挨饿；饿死)
[教材原句P26]An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.
一位长期研究北极熊的专家说，从尸体的姿势看，这只北极熊像是饿死的。
[译林版]I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue.
我饿极了，急忙把牛排放在烤肉架上。
·starve for渴望……；急需…… starve to death饿死 ·die of/from starvation饿死；死于饥饿
(1)Sensing that there are many children in the underdeveloped region starving to death(die)，we have made up our minds to help them.
＝Sensing that there are many children in the underdeveloped region dying of starvation(starve)，we have made up our minds to help them.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之申请信)掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一扇新的窗户看世界。因此，我一直渴望这样一个宝贵的机会来练习英语口语，所以请接受我的申请。
Mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.Consequently，I have been starving for such a precious opportunity to practise spoken English，so please accept my application.
release vt.& n．排放；释放；发布；首映(电影)；宣泄
[教材原句P27]The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths.
这一热量以更大的波长被释放回大气层。
[北师大版]Amazingly，it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered，and once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.令人惊讶的是，这些包裹只需通过5至7个人就能送到正确的人手中。结果一经公布，便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。
·release...from...把……从……释放，放出 ·on release在公映；发行；释放
(1)(读后续写之拟人用法) I carefully released the trapped hummingbird from the spider’s web and it seemed as if the bird were smiling at me as a reward for my help.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之邀请信)得知本周六上午9点将有一部新电影上映，我很想和你一起欣赏，请不要拒绝我诚挚的邀请。
Learning that a new movie is to be released/on release at 9 am this Saturday，I am starving to enjoy it together with you and please don’t decline my sincere invitation.
restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚(restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束 restricted adj.有限的；受限制的 restrictive adj.限制性的；约束性的)
[教材原句P27]We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
作为个人，我们也可以通过限制我们的生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。
[外研版]Some environmentalists argue that we should restrict urban development to leave enough natural habitats for wild animals.
一些环保主义者认为，我们应该限制城市发展，为野生动物留下足够的自然栖息地。
·restrict...to...把……限制在…… ·without restriction毫无限制
(1)As far as the school consultant is concerned，the new method is too restrictive(restrict) to stimulate our interest in the oral English class.
(2)The park is open to the public without restriction(restrict)．
[写作佳句]
(3)(话题写作之在线学习)要成为聪明的在线学习者，我们应该把玩电脑游戏和看视频限制在30分钟以内。只有严格的限制和纪律，我们才能更有效地在网上学习。
To be smart online learners，we should restrict ourselves to/we should be restricted to playing computer games and watching videos for less than 30 minutes.Only with strict restrictions and discipline can we learn more efficiently online.
seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制；(情绪)突然侵袭
[教材原句P27]It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖，包括其成因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。
[外研版]At last，showing a strong will and the steeliest nerves，they played a close match against Serbia to seize gold in the final.最后，她们与塞尔维亚队进行了一场势均力敌的比赛，在决赛中夺得了金牌，表现出了强大的决心和钢铁般的意志。
seize sb by the＋身体部位　抓住某人的…… (panic/fear/anger...) seize sb(情绪)突然侵袭某人 be seized with...被……侵扰；患/得(病)；突然产生某种想法
(1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)周围的人都盯着我看，恐惧立刻攫住了我，我忍不住颤抖起来。
With those around me staring at me，fear seized me/I was seized with fear straight away and I couldn’t resist trembling.
(2)(读后续写之动作链描写)他站起来，抓住我的胳膊，像箭一样向汽车站冲去。
He rose to his feet，seized me by the arm and rushed to the bus station like an arrow.
There is little doubt that... 毫无疑问……
[教材原句P26]There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．
毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。
doubt的常见句型： There is some doubt whether...……有些疑问。 There is no doubt that...……是毫无疑问的。 I doubt whether/if.../I have some doubt whether...我怀疑…… I don’t doubt that.../I have no doubt that...我毫不怀疑……
(1)There is some doubt whether I can enhance my ability in comedy performances through this online course.
＝I doubt whether/if I can enhance my ability in comedy performances through this online course.
[写作佳句]
(2)(话题写作之科技与生活)我毫不怀疑计算机在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
I don’t doubt that/have no doubt that computers are playing an increasingly important part in our routine life.
(3)(2025·浙江1月，应用文写作)毫无疑问，短视频已经成为学生与更广泛的观众分享他们的想法、才能和经历的有力媒介。
There is little/no doubt that short videos have become a powerful medium for students to share their ideas，talents，and experiences with a broader audience.
介词(短语)引导含蓄虚拟语气
[教材原句P27]Without this process，Earth could not sustain life.如果没有这一过程，地球就无法维系生命。
·在含蓄虚拟条件句中，如果表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋do”；如果表示与过去事实相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋have done”。 ·含蓄条件句还可以用but for(要不是)，otherwise，or，but等词来引导。
(1)没有热心专家的建议，我就不会克服困难和挑战。
Without the warm-hearted specialist’s advice，I wouldn’t have overcome the difficulties and challenges.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)要不是老师的鼓励和陪伴，我就不会在写作比赛中获得第一名。
But for/Without my teacher’s encouragement and company，I wouldn’t have won first prize in the writing competition.
(3)我的校长经常激励我专心学习，否则我现在不会在班里名列第一。
My head teacher frequently stimulates me to absorb myself in learning，otherwise/or I wouldn’t rank first in my class at present.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
1．Research suggests that warm colors greatly fuel our appetites.vt.增强；刺激
2．Once you’ve broken the seal of a bottle，there’s no way you can put it back together again.n.封口
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1．What has happened recently stimulates me to reduce my carbon footprint on the environment.
2．There is a growing trend that more and more people are living a green life to protect the ecology from being damaged.
3．Our school is broadcasting(广播) a lecture by a specialist in psychology.
4．The police officers decided on conducting a thorough and comprehensive(详尽的) review of the case.
5．Up to now so much carbon dioxide has been released(释放) that it results in global warming.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Despite some challenges，I will seize the golden opportunity to enhance(enhance) my social ability.
2．Without your patient guidance，I would have quit(quit) playing bowling.
3．It is agreed that the number of members in the school comedy club should be restricted to 30.
4．He frequently(frequent) felt worn out and stressed out，so he had to consult a psychologist.
5．The homeless man was dying of starvation(starve) and felt dizzy，and some kind passers-by offered him some food.
6．There is no doubt that sugary foods damage our teeth，so we should avoid eating them too much.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.In 2013，many people 1.were shocked(shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear which died of 2.starvation(starve)．Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels 3.caused(cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances to find food.Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature？Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，4.which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect.The “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become 5.a big problem.There is strong and comprehensive evidence 6.that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide.In fact，news reports are 7.frequently(frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the 8.global(globe) climate.This requires the attention of people all over the world.We as individuals can reduce our “carbon footprint” by 9.restricting(restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.It is our responsibility 10.to seize(seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts.
作业1
[分值：60分]
Ⅰ.短语填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．Knowing about(了解) your abusing tobacco，I am writing to offer you some tips on how to quit smoking.
2．I was shocked by(被……震惊) his poor physical condition and a sense of sadness dominated me.
3．Referring to(查阅) my English-Chinese dictionary repeatedly enables me to master more English words.
4．When trapped in(被困在) hardships，I rely on you to give me a hand generously.
5．Our government has decided on making policies(制定政策) on how to reduce our carbon footprint.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——环境保护(满分15分)
1．毫无疑问，人们砍伐树木和挖草已经使得许多土地变成沙漠。(doubt)
There is no/little doubt that people’s cutting down trees and digging up grass have caused much land to become deserts.
2．因此，是时候限制我们对环境造成损害的不当行为了。(现在分词短语作后置定语)
As a result，it is high time that we restricted our improper behaviour causing damage to our environment.
3．为了恢复森林和草地，我们应该抓住一切机会保护它们。(不定式短语作目的状语)
To restore the forests and grass，we should seize every opportunity to protect them.
4．没有良好的环境，人类就无法过上幸福和谐的生活。(含蓄虚拟语气)
Without a good environment，human beings couldn’t/wouldn’t live a happy and harmonious life.
5．通过努力来改善这种状况是我们的责任。(it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语)
It’s our responsibility to improve the situation with our efforts.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
A new study on baby birds shows that traffic noise can affect their growth and lead to lifelong harm.The finding raises new concerns about the effect of noise pollution on wildlife—and humans as well.
Researchers already knew too much noise is likely to disturb birds，making it more difficult for the parents to communicate with and care for their baby birds.But it wasn’t clear whether the noise itself could directly harm young birds.
Mylene Mariette，a behavioral ecologist at Deakin University，and her team set out to answer that question with birds held on campus in Melbourne，Australia.For 5 nights in a row，they played either road noise or bird songs for several hours.The sounds were kept at a volume of 65 decibels(分贝)—about the same loudness as a conversation in a bar or city traffic.Other eggs were left in silence.After the eggs hatched，the baby birds received one of two treatments—road noise or bird songs—for another 9 nights.The baby birds heard the sounds in a separate room，and then were returned to their nests.
Eggs exposed to traffic sounds were 19% less likely to hatch compared with those exposed to the sound of songs.It shows a clear effect of traffic noise，Mariette says.As the baby birds developed，they also showed worrying development signs.Those exposed to noise grew slower.Moreover，when those birds grew up，they had about half as many offspring(后代) as the birds exposed to songs as youngsters.
Hans Slabbekoorn，an ecologist and animal behavior expert at Leiden University，notes that these concerns apply to humans as well.“The findings suggest that the acoustic(听觉的) environment of birds in cities and along highways should be better managed，” he writes，“and that the acoustic comfort in hospital environments for pregnant mothers and babies requires special attention.” Eventually，the research might help reveal how much and in what ways noise pollution should be reduced.
语篇解读　这是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，交通噪声会影响小鸟的成长并导致终身伤害，这也引发了对噪声污染对野生动物和人类影响的新的担忧。
1．What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on about the study
A．Its process. B．Its result.
C．Its difficulty. D．Its purpose.
答案　A
解析　段落大意题。第三段主要关于研究的过程。故选A。
2．How are the findings explained in paragraph 4
A．By giving examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By analyzing reasons.
D．By making predictions.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Eggs exposed to traffic sounds were 19% less likely to hatch compared with those exposed to the sound of songs.”和“Those exposed to noise grew slower.Moreover，when those birds grew up，they had about half as many offspring(后代) as the birds exposed to songs as youngsters.”可知，第四段通过对比解释调查结果。故选B。
3．What do the findings indicate
A．Move the birds from cities to protected areas.
B．Make laws to close highways and other noisy places.
C．Educate people on the bad effects of noise pollution.
D．Pay special attention to the hospital environment for babies.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘The findings suggest that...’ he writes，‘and that the acoustic comfort in hospital environments for pregnant mothers and babies requires special attention.’”可知，要特别注意婴儿的医院环境。故选D。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Traffic Noise Helps Birds Communicate
B．Scientists Have Found Ways to Reduce Noise
C．Hospital Environments Are Greatly Affected
D．Traffic Noise Causes Lifelong Harm to Baby Birds
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。综合全文内容，尤其根据第一段中“A new study on baby birds shows that traffic noise can affect their growth and lead to lifelong harm.”可知，文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，交通噪声会影响小鸟的成长并导致终身伤害，这也引发了对噪声污染对野生动物和人类影响的新的担忧。所以短文的标题为“交通噪声对幼鸟造成终身伤害”。故选D。
B(此篇精读)
When she was 15，Ava Langridge watched a video online that explained how environmental activist Lauren Singer fit four years of trash(垃圾) into① a 16-ounce bottle.Inspired，the teen carried out a mission to help her family of five learn to live trash-free.
“Within three months we reduced our trash from three bags a week to less than half a bag a week，” says the now 17-year-old Langridge，who has more than 45,000 followers on the Zero Waste Teen account.“Far too frequently，individuals view the concept of zero waste through an all-or-nothing perspective②.I want them to know that even modest efforts can have far-reaching③，transformative outcomes.”
According to the Environmental Protection Agency，the average American produces 4.9 pounds of trash every day.Although some of that gets recycled，the majority—including millions of tons of uneaten food and single-use plastic—ends up in the garbage.
Most of us do our part to involve eco-friendly habits into our everyday lives.But some families have become part of a zero-waste movement：sending nothing to landfills，reducing consumption，reusing as much as possible，recycling whatever remains，and composting(将……制成堆肥) the rest.That can sound daunting—but the term itself is a bit misleading.
“Zero waste is a mindset shift，” says Kathryn Kellogg of the lifestyle website Going Zero Waste.“It’s about progress，not perfection.What’s most important is that you go into this with a commitment to wanting to do better.”
And no one expects a family to achieve zero waste overnight.“It happens slowly and requires commitment and teamwork，” says Fredrika Syren，an environmental journalist and founder of Zero Waste Family.“But the good news is that it can happen，one small little step at a time.”
In fact，once your family settles into new habits，you might find that reducing your trash is easier than you expected.
5．Why is Singer mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To stress the strength of a model.
B．To praise the effectiveness of leading a trash-free life.
C．To suggest how to become an environmental activist.
D．To explain why Langridge’s family started to live trash-free.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，15岁时，Ava Langridge在网上观看了一段视频，视频解释了环保活动家Lauren Singer如何将四年的垃圾装进一个16盎司的瓶子里。受到启发，这名青少年执行了一项任务，帮助她的五口之家学会无垃圾生活。所以，提到Singer是为了解释她的行为激励了Langridge一家开始尝试无垃圾生活。故选D。
6．What message does Langridge want to deliver
A．Small actions make a big difference.
B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Where there’s life，there’s hope.
D．Many hands make light work.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中Langridge说的话“Far too frequently...far-reaching，transformative outcomes.”可知，人们常常以一种要么全有要么全无的观点来看待零浪费的概念，而Langridge想让他们知道，即使是不太大的努力也会产生深远的、变革性结果，由此可推知她想要传达的信息是即使是很小的行动也能产生重大的影响。故选A。
7．Which of the following best explains “daunting” underlined in paragraph 4
A．Worrying. B．Challenging.
C．Interesting. D．Amazing.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“But some families have become part of a zero-waste movement：sending nothing to landfills，reducing consumption，reusing as much as possible，recycling whatever remains，and composting(将……制成堆肥) the rest.”可知，零浪费运动听起来难以实现，因为这涉及彻底的生活方式的改变。因此，与“daunting”最接近的解释应该是“有挑战性的”。故选B。
8．What might be talked about in the following paragraphs
A．Why we should go zero waste.
B．What zero waste means.
C．How to go zero waste.
D．When to start zero waste.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。最后两段提到了实现零浪费是一个逐步的过程，但只要开始践行，你就会发现这并不难。由此可推知，接下来的段落很可能会介绍实施零浪费的一些具体方法或步骤。故选C。
[语境猜词]
①fit...into将……放入
②an all-or-nothing perspective非黑即白的视角
③far-reaching adj.影响深远的
[句式分析]
When she was 15，Ava Langridge watched a video online that explained how environmental activist Lauren Singer fit four years of trash into a 16-ounce bottle.
分析：此句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，video为先行词，that在从句中作主语；how引导宾语从句。
翻译：当艾娃·兰格里奇15岁时，她在网上观看了一段视频，视频展示了环保活动家劳伦·辛格如何将四年的垃圾装进一个16盎司的玻璃瓶中。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
When Linda Newbery was eight，she knew she wanted to become a writer.“I wrote a lot—usually in secret 1 people told me at school that writing wasn’t a proper job，” she recalls.“I was motivated by the books I 2 ，like a simplified version of Black Beauty which I could almost recite.”
This sets the tone for Linda’s lifelong theme of animal 3 ，which is central to her work.For instance，her recent book Cruelty Free，published in 2021，explores how our daily choices 4 animals and the environment.
“I once aimed to be a poet，” says Linda，admitting her 5 attempts were less than impressive.“It’s strange that although I write my prose(散文) 6 on the computer，I still prefer using traditional pen and paper for poetry.”
Originating from Essex，Linda attended grammar school before earning an English degree and 7 settling as a secondary school teacher in Oxfordshire.Her first novel Run with the Hare，released in 1988 without the aid of an agent，was 8 by her experiences teaching and running writing workshops for 9 .Despite facing numerous industry 10 ，including takeovers(收购) and lost publications，Linda remains positive， 11 for a consistent writing practice to maintain creative drive even while dealing with other tasks.
Linda 12 her writing style to suit each story’s needs，always considering readers’ perspective.As a long-time passionate advocate for animal welfare，she uses social media to 13 animal protection.Alongside fellow authors，she runs Reviews by Writers，a website discussing literature and industry topics， 14 Linda’s adaptable storytelling approach and her devotion to 15 readers.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作家琳达·纽伯瑞的职业经历，介绍了她的作品反映的主题以及她的写作风格。
1．A.until B．before
C．because D．though
答案　C
解析　until直到；before在……之前；because因为；though尽管。根据句意可知，别人说写作不是一份好工作与她秘密地写作之间为因果关系。故选C。
2．A.read B．wrote
C．published D．illustrated
答案　A
解析　read读；write写；publish出版；illustrate加插图于。根据下文“like a simplified version of Black Beauty which I could almost recite”可知，作者的动力来源于读过的书籍。故选A。
3．A.diversity B．intelligence
C．welfare D．behavior
答案　C
解析　diversity多样性；intelligence智力；welfare福利；behavior行为。根据最后一段中的“As a long-time passionate advocate for animal welfare”可知，她一生的主题是动物福利。故选C。
4．A.reflect B．affect
C．benefit D．interest
答案　B
解析　reflect反射；affect影响；benefit使受益；interest使感兴趣。根据上文“our daily choices”以及下文“animals and the environment”并结合常识可知，人类的活动影响了动物和环境。故选B。
5．A.frequent B．ultimate
C．recent D．early
答案　D
解析　frequent频繁的；ultimate最终的；recent最近的；early早期的。根据上文“I once aimed to be a poet”可知，这是早期的尝试。故选D。
6．A.directly B．briefly
C．urgently D．wildly
答案　A
解析　directly直接地；briefly简短地；urgently紧急地；wildly失控地。根据上文的“although”和下文“I still prefer using traditional pen and paper for poetry”可知，她直接在电脑上写散文，但写诗时更喜欢用传统纸笔。故选A。
7．A.accidentally B．eventually
C．immediately D．gradually
答案　B
解析　accidentally偶然地；eventually最终；immediately立即；gradually逐渐地。根据下文“settling as a secondary school teacher in Oxfordshire”可知，她最终在牛津郡定居下来，成为一名中学教师。故选B。
8．A.shaped B．inspired
C．guided D．improved
答案　B
解析　shape形成；inspire赋予灵感；guide指导；improve提高。根据下文“her experiences teaching and running writing workshops”可推知，本书的灵感来自她教学和举办写作讲习班的经历。故选B。
9．A.agents B．poets
C．writers D．students
答案　D
解析　agent代理人；poet诗人；writer作家；student学生。根据上文“teaching and running writing workshops”可知，琳达服务的对象是学生。故选D。
10．A.trends B．opportunities
C．challenges D．innovations
答案　C
解析　trend趋势；opportunity机会；challenge挑战；innovation创新。根据下文“including takeovers(收购) and lost publications”可知，这些是她曾面对的挑战。故选C。
11．A.advocating B．begging
C．answering D．waiting
答案　A
解析　advocate主张；beg祈求；answer回答；wait等待。根据上文“Linda remains positive”以及下文“maintain creative drive”可知，琳达主张坚持写作实践。故选A。
12．A.keeps B．tailors
C．mirrors D．simplifies
答案　B
解析　keep保持；tailor按需定制；mirror反射；simplify简化。根据下文“always considering readers’ perspective”可知，她根据每个故事的需要调整自己的写作风格。故选B。
13．A.hold back B．slow down
C．defend against D．campaign for
答案　D
解析　hold back阻止；slow down使减速；defend against防范；campaign for开展支持(某人或某事的)运动。根据“passionate advocate for animal welfare”可知，她利用社交媒体支持动物保护运动。故选D。
14．A.showing B．determining
C．imagining D．expecting
答案　A
解析　show展示；determine决定；imagine想象；expect期望。根据上文“a website discussing literature and industry topics”可知，该网站应是展示了琳达善于变通的讲故事方式。故选A。
15．A.worrying about B．turning to
C．connecting with D．depending on
答案　C
解析　worry about担忧；turn to求助；connect with与……联系；depend on依靠。根据上文“always considering readers’ perspective”可知，她致力于与读者建立联系。故选C。

展开更多......

收起↑