资源简介

(共85张PPT)
Period 4
Using Language
Adversity and courage
Unit 4
内容索引
Step 1　课文深度理解
Step 2　语言知识梳理
Step 3　基础达标检测
作业4
课文深度理解
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
water
fire
ill
fears
Ⅱ.Skim the whole text to find out the main idea.
The text mainly tells us that ______________________________________
_____________________________________________.
the crew members suffered a lot on Elephant Island but eventually they were rescued
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.When Shackleton and the boat left the island，how did the rest feel
A.Sure of their future.
B.Worried and helpless.
C.Confident and positive.
D.Not worried about him.
√
2.How did the sailors cheer themselves up
A.By sailing around the island.
B.By enjoying meals and music.
C.By imagining beautiful things.
D.By looking out over the ocean.
√
3.What was it that helped them survive the terrible conditions
A.Fruit and vegetables.
B.Their friends and their family.
C.Their chef and the delicious food.
D.Their discipline，team spirit and belief in Shackleton.
√
4.Which of the following best describes Shackleton
A.He was a mean man.
B.He was a selfish man.
C.He was a generous man.
D.He was a man of his word.
√
5.What is the sailors’ attitude to Shackleton
A.Grateful. B.Negative.
C.Indifferent. D.Sympathetic.
√
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1.在……前面
2.发生在某人身上
3.如果……怎么办
4.一点也不像；没有什么能比得上
5.使……振作
6.陷入……；分成
7.生火
8.放出(热、光、气味或气体)
_________
____________
_________
___________
_________
________
_________
________
ahead of
happen to sb
what if...
nothing like
cheer...up
fall into
make fire
give off
9.对……感到厌烦
10.不断变化的温度
11.损伤眼睛
12.团队精神
13.处理
14.以积极和成功的方式
15.隐藏眼泪
16.坚持不懈做某事
17.偿还；报答
_____________
________________________
_________________
__________
_________
____________________________
______________
____________________
_________
be bored with
the changing temperatures
damage one’s eyes
team spirit
deal with
in a positive and successful way
hide one’s tears
persevere in doing sth
pay back
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil，so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.(P44 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是_________句，动词-ing短语growing on Antarctica作_________，修饰名词trees，we could use是省略了关系代词that的_____从句，修饰先行词fuel。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列复合
后置定语
定语
南极没有树木，也没有石油，我们可以使用的唯一燃料就是动物脂肪。
2.As a chef，it was my duty to cook，so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是_________句，第一个分句中it作________，不定式to cook是___________；第二个分句中whatever引导的是_____从句，作介词in的_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列复合
形式主语
真正的主语
作为一名厨师，我的职责是烹饪食物，于是我想方设法变换三餐的花样。
宾语
宾语
3.We had to be careful not to go outside too often，as the changing temperatures could make us ill.(P44 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，as引导的是_________从句，make us ill是“___________________”结构。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
原因状语
make＋宾语＋宾补
我们十分小心，避免过于频繁地外出，因为气温变化会使人生病。
4.Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires.(P44 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，we burnt for our fires是省略了关系代词that/which的_____从句，修饰先行词_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
5.This was an episode in my life that I would never forget.(P45 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，that I would never forget是that引导的_____从句，修饰先行词_______。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
复合
定语
我们燃烧动物脂肪取火，冒出的黑烟使我们很多人都得病了。
fat
复合
定语
episode
这是我生命中永远不会忘却的一段经历。
6.When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.(P45 Para.6)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，when引导的是_________从句，such...that...意为“___________________”，引导的是_________从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
时间状语
如此……以至于……
结果状语
最终获救时，我们如释重负、喜不自禁，我们许多人都难掩泪水。
返 回
语言知识梳理
生火
[教材原句P44] But how could we make fire 但我们怎么生火呢？
1
make fire
be on fire着火了
catch fire着火
set sth on fire＝set fire to sth 放火烧某物
play with fire玩火；冒险
(读后续写之片段描写)房间里太冷了，他不得不生火取暖，但他很快就睡着了。当他醒来时，他发现他的衣服开始着火了，房子也着火了。他立即冲了出去，报了警。经过仔细的调查，警察得出结论，是他自己烧着了房子。从那时起，他下定决心不再玩火。
It was so cold in the room that he had to (1)________ to keep himself warm，but he soon fell asleep.When he woke up，he found his clothes starting to (2)__________ and that the house was also (3)_______.He rushed out immediately and called the police.After a careful investigation，the police drew the conclusion that it was he himself that (4)____________
_______________________.From then on，he made up his mind (5)_____
__________________.
make fire
catch fire
on fire
set fire to his
house/set his house on fire
not to
play with fire again
放出(热、光、气味或气体)
2
give off
[教材原句P44] This gave off oily，black smoke，but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
燃烧脂肪会产生油腻的黑烟，但它即使在强风中也能燃烧。
give away捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密)
give back归还
give in屈服，让步(to sb/sth)；交上
give up放弃
give out分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；公布；用完，耗尽；停止运转
(1)I gave _____ the book to him which gave ____ a faint fragrant smell.
back
off
(2)(读后续写之片段描写)在最后300米时，大卫累坏了，汗水从他脸上滚落下来。但他咬紧牙关，下定决心决不放弃。这就是大卫，一个坚韧不拔的男孩，从不向困难屈服。
In the last 300 meters，David ________，sweat rolling down his face.But he gritted his teeth and made up his mind ____________
___.Such was David，a boy with strong will，who ____________
____________.
写作佳句
gave out
never to give
up
never gave in
to hardships
(3)(话题写作之活动安排)随着大学毕业的临近，学生会将举办一场活动，毕业生们将把他们用过的书送给他们的学弟学妹。
With college graduation drawing near，the Student Association is to hold an activity where ________________________________
___________________.
graduates will give away their used
books to their juniors
n.承诺；保证；奉献[commit vt.犯(错误、罪行等)；(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证；投入 committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的]
commitment
3
[教材原句P45] And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
他用他的承诺回报了我们——把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡线上拯救回来。
[外研版] I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment，but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment，and I do like my mom’s cooking.我知道我可以通过贷款来支付购买自己公寓的订金，但我还无法向银行做出这种重大的承诺，而且我真的很喜欢吃妈妈做的饭。
·make a commitment作出承诺
·commit oneself to (do/doing) sth承诺(做)某事
·be committed to (doing) sth/commit oneself to (doing) sth全身心地投入
(做)某事
(1)The leader has made a ____________(commit) to strictly implement these conservation measures.
(2)Being a ___________(commit) man，he can successfully restore this enterprise.
commitment
committed
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)只有我们每个人都致力于保护环境，我们才能建设一个更绿色的地球。
Only if each of us _______________________________________
________________________ can we build a greener earth.
写作佳句
is committed to/commits ourselves to protecting the environment
[教材原句P44] If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.
要不是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，if引导虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。
4
if引导的虚拟条件句
虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用：
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式 (2)were to＋动词原形 (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形
(1)如果我向困难屈服，我就不会被我理想中的大学录取了。
If I had submitted myself to difficulties，I __________________________
______________________.
(2)如果我明天见到他，我会告诉他这个好消息。
________________________________________，I would inform him of the good news.
(3)如果我是你，我一定会好好利用这段时间来提高我在学校的表现，为自己的未来做好准备。
____________，I would certainly make good use of the time to improve my performance at school and prepare myself well for the future.
wouldn’t have been admitted
to my dream university
If I saw/were to see/should see him tomorrow
If I were you
点津　在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果从句谓语动词中有were，should或had时，可以省略if，把were，should或had提到主语前面，条件从句变为部分倒装句。
(4)要是他赶上了早晨的火车，那他开会就不会迟到了。
______________________________，he would not have been late for the meeting.(倒装句)
(5)If it were not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.
→_____________________________________，the student could not overcome her difficulty.(倒装句)
Had he caught the morning train
返 回
Were it not for the support of the teachers
基础达标检测
1.According to the rough estimate，we can make more money than last year. __________
2.I didn’t see what was happening and I felt as if I were going to be as blind as a bat. 　 _______
Ⅰ.品句猜词
adj.粗略的
n.蝙蝠
1.I frequently went to the cinema for __________ in my leisure time.
2.Under his patient _________，I had a thorough understanding of this complicated theory.
3.After the strict interview，only two __________(候选人) were admitted to the reform team.
4.The painful but unforgettable voyage will forever be one of the most precious ________(一段经历) in my life.
5.My nephew is writing to apply for the job __________(做广告) in a local newspaper.
recreation
Ⅱ.单词拼写
guidance
candidates
episodes
advertised
1.Unfortunately，my house was ___ fire and firefighters spared no effort to put the fire out.
2.I made a ____________(commit) to him that I would not be selfish and cruel any longer.
3.Too much garbage gives _____ a terrible smell and as a consequence，we must clear the litter immediately.
4.If I had had perseverance and resolution，I _______________________
(achieve) my annual goal.
on
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
commitment
off
would have achieved
5.It is the navigator’s _______(loyal) and diligence that earn him a good reputation in the navy.
6.______________(fortunate)，the steward wasn’t turned down by his colleague.
loyalty
Fortunately
We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island.1.____ was not difficult to imagine the danger ahead of them.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.
2.________(stay) alive was quite tough.The Island had no water，and 3.____________(consequent) we could only drink the water from 4._______(melt) ice from the ocean.With no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil，the only fuel that we could use was animal fat.Many of us became ill from the smoke of the animal fat 5.___________ we burnt for our fires.
It
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Staying
consequently
melted
that/which
We lived like this in the cold for four 6.__________(month).Our discipline and team spirit kept us positive and enabled us to deal with our fears in an optimistic and 7.__________(success) way.When we 8._______
________(rescue)，such relief and happiness did we feel that many of us could not control our tears.Our 9.__________(optimistic) and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere 10.____ staying alive.Eventually，he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
months
返 回
successful
were
rescued
optimism
in
作业4
1.The navigator ______________(对……感到厌烦) his current life，so he made up his mind to vacation with his loyal friends.
2.My genuine friend told me interesting stories with the aim of _________ me _____(使……振作).
3.Unfortunately，I had difficulty ____________(处理) the tough issue and therefore，I turned to him for help.
4.The steward _____________(坚持不懈做) taking exercise every day and he was physically healthy.
5.I am sure that he will __________(偿还) every cent he owes you.
was bored with
cheering
Ⅰ.短语填空
up
dealing with
persevered in
pay back
1.如果我们遇到意想不到的困难怎么办？(what if)
_______________________________________________________________
2.在我看来，只要你不放弃，你迟早可以克服你所面临的任何困难。(whatever引导的宾语从句)
In my opinion，as long as you don’t give up，you can overcome ___________________________________ sooner or later.
What if we come across unexpected hardships
Ⅱ.主题微写作——克服困难
whatever difficulties you are faced with
3.换句话说，如果你致力于你所设定的学习和生活目标，你最终会成功的。(定语从句)
In other words，if you are committed to your learning and life goals _______________________，you can finally make it.
4.如果你的内心深处有希望，你就会有一个光明的未来。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If you had hopes in your deep heart，____________________________.
(that/which) you have set
you could have a bright future
5.务必记住，你必须学习尽可能多的知识，因为机会属于那些有准备的人。(as引导的原因状语从句)
Do keep in mind that you must learn as much knowledge as possible，___
___________________________________________________.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
as
opportunities belong to those who have made preparations
A
By the time she turned 18，Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools.She had lived in shelters，in parks，and in motels，never in a permanent residence for more than a few months.She had tolerated the blames of students who considered her as “different”.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自幼无家可归的Khadijah辗转多所学校，饱受同学的嘲笑和轻视，最终在个人的努力和老师的帮助下成功考入哈佛大学的故事。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Homeless since early childhood，Khadijah struggled all her life to hide her circumstances from teachers and fellow students.However，academics proved to be a way for her to find confidence in herself again.For instance，at the age of 9，she placed in the 99th percentile on a state exam，and her teacher told her she was “gifted”.From that moment forward，Khadijah decided to do whatever it took to keep herself in that category.“I was so proud of being smart.I never wanted people to say，‘You got the easy way out because you’re homeless，’” she said.“I never saw it as an excuse.”
By the second year of high school，she realized that she could not succeed in getting the further education she dreamed of without getting help to go beyond what her current school could offer.She talked to teachers and counselors(辅导员) who helped her apply to summer community college classes，scholarships，and enrichment programs.And in 11th grade，when she enrolled at Jefferson High School，she decided to complete the rest of her school career there—a decision that meant taking a bus each morning at 4 a.m.and not getting home until 11 p.m.
Her perseverance and hard work paid off，however.When she poured the story of her life into her Harvard University college application，she was accepted.
Once Khadijah felt ready to tell her story，it won her notice not only from college admissions boards but also from the news media，including Oprah，who introduced Khadijah on her show.Now as a successful student at Harvard，Khadijah continues to use the lessons of her extraordinary life to help and inspire other students.
1.What was Khadijah’s life like before she turned 18
A.She was badly treated at home.
B.She struggled with academics.
C.She had lived in various places.
D.She often misbehaved at school.
细节理解题。由第一段中“By the time she turned 18，Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools.She had lived in shelters，in parks，and in motels，never in a permanent residence for more than a few months.”可知，她在18岁之前曾住在不同的地方。故选C。
解析
√
2.How did Khadijah find confidence in herself again
A.By hiding her circumstance from others.
B.By working hard for academic success.
C.By being proud of her homeless background.
D.By getting help from teachers and counselors.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“However，academics proved to be a way for her to find confidence in herself again.”可知，Khadijah通过努力学习获得学术上的成功来重拾信心。故选B。
解析
3.Why did Khadijah apply for summer community college program
A.To use her experience to inspire others.
B.To get financial help from her teachers.
C.To realize her dream to go to university.
D.To be admitted to Jefferson High School.
√
细节理解题。由第三段中“...she realized that she could not succeed in getting the further education she dreamed of without...She talked to teachers and counselors(辅导员) who helped her apply to summer community college classes，scholarships，and enrichment programs.”可知，为了实现她上大学的梦想，她申请暑期社区大学项目。故选C。
解析
4.What is the text mainly about
A.Khadijah’s success in her academic pursuits.
B.Khadijah’s experience of overcoming adversity.
C.Khadijah’s involvement in community service.
D.Khadijah’s achievements at Harvard University.
√
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由最后一段“Once Khadijah felt...inspire other students.”可知，文章讲述了自幼无家可归的Khadijah辗转多所学校，饱受同学的嘲笑和轻视，最终在个人的努力和老师的帮助下成功考入哈佛大学的故事。选项B“Khadijah’s experience of overcoming adversity.(Khadijah克服逆境的经历)”符合题意。故选B。
解析
B(此篇精读)
We’re living in stressful times.Stress，anxiety，and depression are on the rise①.Even worse，resilience(适应力) is on a downturn②.The dip is especially noted in teens and young adults.Some students are often overwhelmed③ by fear of failure.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了与大自然接触可以提高孩子的适应力。
Kids need resilience if they are to live mentally healthy lives.Resilience helps us deal with stress and adversity.It helps us recover from difficulties.Resilience makes us more willing to try new and challenging things.It’s a helpful trait(特性) to have as an adult or a child，with so much stress in the world.Resilient kids recover more easily from setbacks，bouncing back(重新振作) if they fail.
As parents，we want to raise “resilient kids” but how exactly do we do that？Are they just born with it or not？The good news is that resilience is not a “trait” that children do or do not possess.It is shaped by our experiences.But it doesn’t come easy.Kids have to earn it.Nature offers many chances for them to do so.
The effect of nature on the mental well-being of children has been well-documented.In one study，two groups of children were observed：one group attending a nature preschool；the other group attending play-based，non-nature preschools.The study showed that the nature preschool group made significantly greater growth in factors relating to resilience than children in the non-nature preschool group.
As parents，we see nature teaching our kids to be more resilient every day.When you take your children on a long hike，a child may be hungry，tired，and thirsty at times.But a hike is a commitment.Yet there’s a reward waiting at the end，perhaps a view or maybe a chance to cool off in a refreshing waterhole.Even when they are tired，kids have to keep going，putting their needs aside④ until the hike is over and they can earn the reward.And the reward feels so much more earned.That’s resilience.
5.What does the underlined word “dip” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Decrease in resilience.
B.Influence of depression.
C.School stress.
D.Social anxiety.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“We’re living in stressful times.Stress，anxiety，and depression are on the rise.Even worse，resilience(适应力) is on a downturn.”可知，在这个充满压力的时代，人们的适应力正在下滑。画线词下文“...is especially noted in teens and young adults.Some students are often overwhelmed by fear of failure.”说……在青少年和年轻人中尤为明显，有些学生常常因害怕失败而不知所措。所以，dip指上文提到的“适应力下降”。故选A。
解析
6.What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A.How to raise resilient kids.
B.How to overcome difficulties.
C.The mental health problems of children.
D.The importance of resilience on individuals.
√
段落大意题。根据第二段中“Resilience helps us...in the world.(适应力帮助我们应对压力和逆境。它帮助我们从困难中恢复过来。适应力使我们更愿意尝试新的和具有挑战性的事物。对于成年人或孩子来说，这是一个很有帮助的特质，因为世界上有这么多压力。)”可知，第二段讲述了适应力对人的重要性。故选D。
解析
7.What does the study mainly find
A.Nature can positively influence resilience.
B.Children play harder outdoors than indoors.
C.Resilience skills can hardly be learned at a young age.
D.Children in play-based schools are more resilient than others.
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The study showed that...non-nature preschool group.(研究表明，自然学前组在心理弹性相关因素上的增长明显高于非自然学前组)”可知，接触自然更多的孩子，心理弹性的相关因素增长较高，因此，自然对适应力的培养有积极的影响。故选A。
解析
√
8.Why does the author describe a hike in the last paragraph
A.To give a definition of resilience.
B.To suggest suitable rewards for children.
C.To teach parents how to hike with children.
D.To explain how children navigate(有效应对) challenges during the hike.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其是“Even when they are tired，kids have to keep going，putting...earn the reward.”可推知，本段作者通过描述远足的过程，来解释孩子在远足中如何克服困难并增强自身的适应力。故选D。
解析
①on the rise_________
②downturn n. ___________
③overwhelm v._______________________
④put...aside_______________(本文为此义)；储存；保留
语境猜词
日益增加
衰退，下降
(感情或感觉)充溢；压倒
搁置，暂时放下
Resilient kids recover more easily from setbacks，bouncing back if they fail.
分析：此句为_____句。bouncing back为现在分词短语作_____；if引导_________从句。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
句式分析
复合
状语
条件状语
适应力强的孩子能更容易地从挫折中恢复过来，失败后也能重新振作。
Challenges are part of life and something we can all expect to encounter at one point or another during our lifetime.We handle challenges differently；some of us choose to face them head-on，while others flee in uncertainty.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，介绍应对挑战的方法。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.Meet them head-on.
B.Adapt a different strategy.
C.It is said that two heads are better than one.
D.If we give up，we allow the challenges to conquer us instead.
E.Therefore，our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited.
F.Whatever our positions，we all wish to conquer them and move on.
G.Some challenges can be overwhelming，making us question our ability
to overcome them.
1 The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively.
√
设空处上文“We handle challenges...flee in uncertainty.(我们应对挑战的方式各有不同；我们中的一些人选择正面面对它们，而另一些人则在不确定中逃离。)”以及下文“The following are...challenges more effectively.(下面是一些简单的方法和策略，我们都可以用来更有效地克服挑战。)”说明无论如何，我们都要克服困难。故F选项“无论我们的立场是什么，我们都希望克服它们并继续前进”切题。故选F。
解析
2 Nike couldn’t have said it any better with their slogan，“Just do it！”
A.Meet them head-on.
B.Adapt a different strategy.
C.It is said that two heads are better than one.
D.If we give up，we allow the challenges to conquer us instead.
E.Therefore，our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited.
F.Whatever our positions，we all wish to conquer them and move on.
G.Some challenges can be overwhelming，making us question our ability
to overcome them.
√
设空处下文说耐克用他们的口号“Just do it！”来表达这一点再好不过了。有些挑战要求我们这样做。无论我们感觉多么不确定，请迎难而上，勇敢征服困难。有些挑战是紧迫的，需要立即关注，我们别无选择，只能全力以赴。由此可知，该段主要讲述“直面挑战”。故选A。
解析
Some challenges require us to do just that.Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it，no matter how unsure we might feel.Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention，leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam.
Educate ourselves.The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren’t familiar with them. 3 The Internet，books，forums，etc.，offer platforms where we can research and learn about our challenges to find strategies against them.Knowledge is definitely powerful and essential in conquering anything.
A.Meet them head-on.
B.Adapt a different strategy.
C.It is said that two heads are better than one.
D.If we give up，we allow the challenges to conquer us instead.
E.Therefore，our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited.
F.Whatever our positions，we all wish to conquer them and move on.
G.Some challenges can be overwhelming，making us question our ability to overcome
them.
√
根据设空处上文“The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren’t familiar with them.”可知，空处承接上文说明不熟悉它们导致的结果。故E选项“因此，我们征服它们的知识和能力是有限的”切题。选项中的them与上一句中的them呼应。故选E。
解析
Be persistent.This is what is required to accomplish anything，especially when it comes to overcoming challenges.No matter how difficult our challenges might be，we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them. 4
A.Meet them head-on.
B.Adapt a different strategy.
C.It is said that two heads are better than one.
D.If we give up，we allow the challenges to conquer us instead.
E.Therefore，our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited.
F.Whatever our positions，we all wish to conquer them and move on.
G.Some challenges can be overwhelming，making us question our ability to overcome
them.
√
根据设空处上文“No matter how difficult our challenges might be，we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them.”可知，空处为前一句内容的补充，故D选项“如果我们放弃，我们反过来就会让挑战征服我们”切题，反向叙述后果。故选D。
解析
Ask for help.There are times when we can’t go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face. 5 Networking with like-minded individuals who can offer us support，suggestions，and solutions is useful in helping us overcome challenges.
A.Meet them head-on.
B.Adapt a different strategy.
C.It is said that two heads are better than one.
D.If we give up，we allow the challenges to conquer us instead.
E.Therefore，our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited.
F.Whatever our positions，we all wish to conquer them and move on.
G.Some challenges can be overwhelming，making us question our ability to overcome
them.
√
根据设空处上文“There are times when we can’t go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face.”和下文“Networking with like-minded individuals...”可知，此处说明为什么要通过求助来克服挑战。故C选项“俗语说：人多力量大”切题。故选C。
解析
Walking around the world may seem impossible，but that didn’t stop one American woman from putting one foot in front of 1._____ other.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Angela Maxwell徒步环游世界的故事。
Ⅴ.语法填空
the
考查冠词。one foot in front of the other“一步一步行走”是固定短语，the other特指两者中的另一个。故填the。
解析
In 2014，Angela Maxwell，then in her early 30s，began her walk around the world alone.After six-and-a-half years and over 32,000 kilometers，Maxwell’s walk ended 2.______ it began.Before she left 3.___ her journey，Maxwell found inspiration from women explorers of the past.
where
2.考查地点状语从句。根据句意可知，此处应用where引导地点状语从句。故填where。
3.考查介词。介词on和journey是固定搭配。故填on。
解析
on
“I read their books in 4. (hope) of finding encouragement—and I did—by 5. (learn) about their challenges and struggles as well as their triumphs.Each woman’s story was vastly 6. (differ)，which gave me the confidence to give my walk a try，” Maxwell told the BBC.
hopes
4.考查名词复数。in hopes of“怀着……的希望”是固定搭配。故填hopes。
5.考查非谓语动词。介词by后用动名词作宾语。故填learning。
6.考查形容词。分析句子结构，此处在句中作表语，意为“不同的”，应填形容词。故填different。
解析
learning
different
Maxwell’s worldwide walk wasn’t easy.She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and 7.______________(attack) in her tent in Mongolia.
Still，she continued to walk.
was attacked
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。动词attack和主语之间是被动关系，根据前文heard可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为She，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填was attacked。
解析
When the BBC asked her what kind of person it takes to walk around the world，Maxwell said，“It’s 8.__________(probable) a combination of ambition，a little 9._____________(stubborn) and a pinch of passion—not for hiking as a sport，but for self-discovery and adventure.”
probably
stubbornness
8.考查副词。修饰be动词用副词。故填probably。
9.考查名词。根据前文a combination of ambition和后文a pinch of passion可知，此处应用名词stubbornness(不可数)并列作宾语。故填stubbornness。
解析
“Walking has taught me that everything and everyone has a story 10.________(share)；we just have to be willing to listen，” she said.
to share
考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作后置定语修饰story。故填to share。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 4　Using Language
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
Ⅱ.Skim the whole text to find out the main idea.
The text mainly tells us that the crew members suffered a lot on Elephant Island but eventually they were rescued.
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．When Shackleton and the boat left the island，how did the rest feel
A．Sure of their future.
B．Worried and helpless.
C．Confident and positive.
D．Not worried about him.
答案　B
2．How did the sailors cheer themselves up
A．By sailing around the island.
B．By enjoying meals and music.
C．By imagining beautiful things.
D．By looking out over the ocean.
答案　B
3．What was it that helped them survive the terrible conditions
A．Fruit and vegetables.
B．Their friends and their family.
C．Their chef and the delicious food.
D．Their discipline，team spirit and belief in Shackleton.
答案　D
4．Which of the following best describes Shackleton
A．He was a mean man.
B．He was a selfish man.
C．He was a generous man.
D．He was a man of his word.
答案　D
5．What is the sailors’ attitude to Shackleton
A．Grateful. B．Negative.
C．Indifferent. D．Sympathetic.
答案　A
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1．在……前面 ahead of
2．发生在某人身上happen to sb
3．如果……怎么办what if...
4．一点也不像；没有什么能比得上nothing like
5．使……振作 cheer...up
6．陷入……；分成fall into
7．生火make fire
8．放出(热、光、气味或气体) give off
9．对……感到厌烦be bored with
10．不断变化的温度the changing temperatures
11．损伤眼睛damage one’s eyes
12．团队精神 team spirit
13．处理 deal with
14．以积极和成功的方式in a positive and successful way
15．隐藏眼泪hide one’s tears
16．坚持不懈做某事persevere in doing sth
17．偿还；报答 pay back
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil，so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.(P44 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是并列复合句，动词-ing短语growing on Antarctica作后置定语，修饰名词trees，we could use是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词fuel。
[汉语翻译] 南极没有树木，也没有石油，我们可以使用的唯一燃料就是动物脂肪。
2．As a chef，it was my duty to cook，so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是并列复合句，第一个分句中it作形式主语，不定式to cook是真正的主语；第二个分句中whatever引导的是宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。
[汉语翻译] 作为一名厨师，我的职责是烹饪食物，于是我想方设法变换三餐的花样。
3．We had to be careful not to go outside too often，as the changing temperatures could make us ill.(P44 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，as引导的是原因状语从句，make us ill是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
[汉语翻译] 我们十分小心，避免过于频繁地外出，因为气温变化会使人生病。
4．Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires.(P44 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，we burnt for our fires是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词fat。
[汉语翻译] 我们燃烧动物脂肪取火，冒出的黑烟使我们很多人都得病了。
5．This was an episode in my life that I would never forget.(P45 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，that I would never forget是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词episode。
[汉语翻译] 这是我生命中永远不会忘却的一段经历。
6．When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.(P45 Para.6)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，when引导的是时间状语从句，such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导的是结果状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 最终获救时，我们如释重负、喜不自禁，我们许多人都难掩泪水。
make fire 生火
[教材原句P44]But how could we make fire 但我们怎么生火呢？
be on fire着火了 catch fire着火 set sth on fire＝set fire to sth 放火烧某物 play with fire玩火；冒险
(读后续写之片段描写)房间里太冷了，他不得不生火取暖，但他很快就睡着了。当他醒来时，他发现他的衣服开始着火了，房子也着火了。他立即冲了出去，报了警。经过仔细的调查，警察得出结论，是他自己烧着了房子。从那时起，他下定决心不再玩火。
It was so cold in the room that he had to (1)make fire to keep himself warm，but he soon fell asleep.When he woke up，he found his clothes starting to (2)catch fire and that the house was also (3)on fire.He rushed out immediately and called the police.After a careful investigation，the police drew the conclusion that it was he himself that (4)set fire to his house/set his house on fire.From then on，he made up his mind (5)not to play with fire again.
give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
[教材原句P44]This gave off oily，black smoke，but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
燃烧脂肪会产生油腻的黑烟，但它即使在强风中也能燃烧。
give away捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密) give back归还 give in屈服，让步(to sb/sth)；交上 give up放弃 give out分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；公布；用完，耗尽；停止运转
(1)I gave back the book to him which gave off a faint fragrant smell.
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之片段描写)在最后300米时，大卫累坏了，汗水从他脸上滚落下来。但他咬紧牙关，下定决心决不放弃。这就是大卫，一个坚韧不拔的男孩，从不向困难屈服。
In the last 300 meters，David gave out，sweat rolling down his face.But he gritted his teeth and made up his mind never to give up.Such was David，a boy with strong will，who never gave in to hardships.
(3)(话题写作之活动安排)随着大学毕业的临近，学生会将举办一场活动，毕业生们将把他们用过的书送给他们的学弟学妹。
With college graduation drawing near，the Student Association is to hold an activity where graduates will give away their used books to their juniors.
commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献[commit vt.犯(错误、罪行等)；(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证；投入 committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的]
[教材原句P45]And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
他用他的承诺回报了我们——把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡线上拯救回来。
[外研版]I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment，but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment，and I do like my mom’s cooking.我知道我可以通过贷款来支付购买自己公寓的订金，但我还无法向银行做出这种重大的承诺，而且我真的很喜欢吃妈妈做的饭。
·make a commitment作出承诺 ·commit oneself to (do/doing) sth承诺(做)某事 ·be committed to (doing) sth/commit oneself to (doing) sth全身心地投入(做)某事
(1)The leader has made a commitment(commit) to strictly implement these conservation measures.
(2)Being a committed(commit) man，he can successfully restore this enterprise.
[写作佳句]
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)只有我们每个人都致力于保护环境，我们才能建设一个更绿色的地球。
Only if each of us is committed to/commits ourselves to protecting the environment can we build a greener earth.
if引导的虚拟条件句
[教材原句P44]If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.
要不是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，if引导虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。
虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用：
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式 (2)were to＋动词原形 (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形
(1)如果我向困难屈服，我就不会被我理想中的大学录取了。
If I had submitted myself to difficulties，I wouldn’t have been admitted to my dream university.
(2)如果我明天见到他，我会告诉他这个好消息。
If I saw/were to see/should see him tomorrow，I would inform him of the good news.
(3)如果我是你，我一定会好好利用这段时间来提高我在学校的表现，为自己的未来做好准备。
If I were you，I would certainly make good use of the time to improve my performance at school and prepare myself well for the future.
[点津]　在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果从句谓语动词中有were，should或had时，可以省略if，把were，should或had提到主语前面，条件从句变为部分倒装句。
(4)要是他赶上了早晨的火车，那他开会就不会迟到了。
Had he caught the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting.(倒装句)
(5)If it were not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.
→ Were it not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.(倒装句)
Ⅰ.品句猜词
1．According to the rough estimate，we can make more money than last year.adj.粗略的
2．I didn’t see what was happening and I felt as if I were going to be as blind as a bat.n.蝙蝠
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1．I frequently went to the cinema for recreation in my leisure time.
2．Under his patient guidance，I had a thorough understanding of this complicated theory.
3．After the strict interview，only two candidates(候选人) were admitted to the reform team.
4．The painful but unforgettable voyage will forever be one of the most precious episodes(一段经历) in my life.
5．My nephew is writing to apply for the job advertised(做广告) in a local newspaper.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Unfortunately，my house was on fire and firefighters spared no effort to put the fire out.
2．I made a commitment(commit) to him that I would not be selfish and cruel any longer.
3．Too much garbage gives off a terrible smell and as a consequence，we must clear the litter immediately.
4．If I had had perseverance and resolution，I would have achieved(achieve) my annual goal.
5．It is the navigator’s loyalty(loyal) and diligence that earn him a good reputation in the navy.
6．Fortunately(fortunate)，the steward wasn’t turned down by his colleague.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island.1.It was not difficult to imagine the danger ahead of them.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.
2．Staying(stay) alive was quite tough.The Island had no water，and 3.consequently(consequent) we could only drink the water from 4.melted(melt) ice from the ocean.With no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil，the only fuel that we could use was animal fat.Many of us became ill from the smoke of the animal fat 5.that/which we burnt for our fires.
We lived like this in the cold for four 6.months(month)．Our discipline and team spirit kept us positive and enabled us to deal with our fears in an optimistic and 7.successful(success) way.When we 8.were rescued(rescue)，such relief and happiness did we feel that many of us could not control our tears.Our 9.optimism(optimistic) and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere 10.in staying alive.Eventually，he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
作业4
[分值：72.5分]
Ⅰ.短语填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．The navigator was bored with(对……感到厌烦) his current life，so he made up his mind to vacation with his loyal friends.
2．My genuine friend told me interesting stories with the aim of cheering me up(使……振作)．
3.Unfortunately，I had difficulty dealing with(处理) the tough issue and therefore，I turned to him for help.
4．The steward persevered in(坚持不懈做) taking exercise every day and he was physically healthy.
5．I am sure that he will pay back(偿还) every cent he owes you.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——克服困难(满分15分)
1．如果我们遇到意想不到的困难怎么办？(what if)
What if we come across unexpected hardships
2．在我看来，只要你不放弃，你迟早可以克服你所面临的任何困难。(whatever引导的宾语从句)
In my opinion，as long as you don’t give up，you can overcome whatever difficulties you are faced with sooner or later.
3．换句话说，如果你致力于你所设定的学习和生活目标，你最终会成功的。(定语从句)
In other words，if you are committed to your learning and life goals (that/which) you have set，you can finally make it.
4．如果你的内心深处有希望，你就会有一个光明的未来。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If you had hopes in your deep heart，you could have a bright future.
5．务必记住，你必须学习尽可能多的知识，因为机会属于那些有准备的人。(as引导的原因状语从句)
Do keep in mind that you must learn as much knowledge as possible，as opportunities belong to those who have made preparations.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
By the time she turned 18，Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools.She had lived in shelters，in parks，and in motels，never in a permanent residence for more than a few months.She had tolerated the blames of students who considered her as “different”．
Homeless since early childhood，Khadijah struggled all her life to hide her circumstances from teachers and fellow students.However，academics proved to be a way for her to find confidence in herself again.For instance，at the age of 9，she placed in the 99th percentile on a state exam，and her teacher told her she was “gifted”．From that moment forward，Khadijah decided to do whatever it took to keep herself in that category.“I was so proud of being smart.I never wanted people to say，‘You got the easy way out because you’re homeless，’” she said.“I never saw it as an excuse.”
By the second year of high school，she realized that she could not succeed in getting the further education she dreamed of without getting help to go beyond what her current school could offer.She talked to teachers and counselors(辅导员) who helped her apply to summer community college classes，scholarships，and enrichment programs.And in 11th grade，when she enrolled at Jefferson High School，she decided to complete the rest of her school career there—a decision that meant taking a bus each morning at 4 a．m.and not getting home until 11 p．m.
Her perseverance and hard work paid off，however.When she poured the story of her life into her Harvard University college application，she was accepted.
Once Khadijah felt ready to tell her story，it won her notice not only from college admissions boards but also from the news media，including Oprah，who introduced Khadijah on her show.Now as a successful student at Harvard，Khadijah continues to use the lessons of her extraordinary life to help and inspire other students.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自幼无家可归的Khadijah辗转多所学校，饱受同学的嘲笑和轻视，最终在个人的努力和老师的帮助下成功考入哈佛大学的故事。
1．What was Khadijah’s life like before she turned 18
A．She was badly treated at home.
B．She struggled with academics.
C．She had lived in various places.
D．She often misbehaved at school.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。由第一段中“By the time she turned 18，Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools.She had lived in shelters，in parks，and in motels，never in a permanent residence for more than a few months.”可知，她在18岁之前曾住在不同的地方。故选C。
2．How did Khadijah find confidence in herself again
A．By hiding her circumstance from others.
B．By working hard for academic success.
C．By being proud of her homeless background.
D．By getting help from teachers and counselors.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“However，academics proved to be a way for her to find confidence in herself again.”可知，Khadijah通过努力学习获得学术上的成功来重拾信心。故选B。
3．Why did Khadijah apply for summer community college program
A．To use her experience to inspire others.
B．To get financial help from her teachers.
C．To realize her dream to go to university.
D．To be admitted to Jefferson High School.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。由第三段中“...she realized that she could not succeed in getting the further education she dreamed of without...She talked to teachers and counselors(辅导员) who helped her apply to summer community college classes，scholarships，and enrichment programs.”可知，为了实现她上大学的梦想，她申请暑期社区大学项目。故选C。
4．What is the text mainly about
A．Khadijah’s success in her academic pursuits.
B．Khadijah’s experience of overcoming adversity.
C．Khadijah’s involvement in community service.
D．Khadijah’s achievements at Harvard University.
答案　B
解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由最后一段“Once Khadijah felt...inspire other students.”可知，文章讲述了自幼无家可归的Khadijah辗转多所学校，饱受同学的嘲笑和轻视，最终在个人的努力和老师的帮助下成功考入哈佛大学的故事。选项B“Khadijah’s experience of overcoming adversity.(Khadijah克服逆境的经历)”符合题意。故选B。
B(此篇精读)
We’re living in stressful times.Stress，anxiety，and depression are on the rise①.Even worse，resilience(适应力) is on a downturn②.The dip is especially noted in teens and young adults.Some students are often overwhelmed③ by fear of failure.
Kids need resilience if they are to live mentally healthy lives.Resilience helps us deal with stress and adversity.It helps us recover from difficulties.Resilience makes us more willing to try new and challenging things.It’s a helpful trait(特性) to have as an adult or a child，with so much stress in the world.Resilient kids recover more easily from setbacks，bouncing back(重新振作) if they fail.
As parents，we want to raise “resilient kids” but how exactly do we do that？Are they just born with it or not？The good news is that resilience is not a “trait” that children do or do not possess.It is shaped by our experiences.But it doesn’t come easy.Kids have to earn it.Nature offers many chances for them to do so.
The effect of nature on the mental well-being of children has been well-documented.In one study，two groups of children were observed：one group attending a nature preschool；the other group attending play-based，non-nature preschools.The study showed that the nature preschool group made significantly greater growth in factors relating to resilience than children in the non-nature preschool group.
As parents，we see nature teaching our kids to be more resilient every day.When you take your children on a long hike，a child may be hungry，tired，and thirsty at times.But a hike is a commitment.Yet there’s a reward waiting at the end，perhaps a view or maybe a chance to cool off in a refreshing waterhole.Even when they are tired，kids have to keep going，putting their needs aside④ until the hike is over and they can earn the reward.And the reward feels so much more earned.That’s resilience.
5．What does the underlined word “dip” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Decrease in resilience.
B．Influence of depression.
C．School stress.
D．Social anxiety.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“We’re living in stressful times.Stress，anxiety，and depression are on the rise.Even worse，resilience(适应力) is on a downturn.”可知，在这个充满压力的时代，人们的适应力正在下滑。画线词下文“...is especially noted in teens and young adults.Some students are often overwhelmed by fear of failure.”说……在青少年和年轻人中尤为明显，有些学生常常因害怕失败而不知所措。所以，dip指上文提到的“适应力下降”。故选A。
6．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How to raise resilient kids.
B．How to overcome difficulties.
C．The mental health problems of children.
D．The importance of resilience on individuals.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。根据第二段中“Resilience helps us...in the world.(适应力帮助我们应对压力和逆境。它帮助我们从困难中恢复过来。适应力使我们更愿意尝试新的和具有挑战性的事物。对于成年人或孩子来说，这是一个很有帮助的特质，因为世界上有这么多压力。)”可知，第二段讲述了适应力对人的重要性。故选D。
7．What does the study mainly find
A．Nature can positively influence resilience.
B．Children play harder outdoors than indoors.
C．Resilience skills can hardly be learned at a young age.
D．Children in play-based schools are more resilient than others.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The study showed that...non-nature preschool group.(研究表明，自然学前组在心理弹性相关因素上的增长明显高于非自然学前组)”可知，接触自然更多的孩子，心理弹性的相关因素增长较高，因此，自然对适应力的培养有积极的影响。故选A。
8．Why does the author describe a hike in the last paragraph
A．To give a definition of resilience.
B．To suggest suitable rewards for children.
C．To teach parents how to hike with children.
D．To explain how children navigate(有效应对) challenges during the hike.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其是“Even when they are tired，kids have to keep going，putting...earn the reward.”可推知，本段作者通过描述远足的过程，来解释孩子在远足中如何克服困难并增强自身的适应力。故选D。
[语境猜词]
①on the rise日益增加
②downturn n．衰退，下降
③overwhelm v．(感情或感觉)充溢；压倒
④put...aside搁置，暂时放下(本文为此义)；储存；保留
[句式分析]
Resilient kids recover more easily from setbacks，bouncing back if they fail.
分析：此句为复合句。bouncing back为现在分词短语作状语；if引导条件状语从句。
翻译：适应力强的孩子能更容易地从挫折中恢复过来，失败后也能重新振作。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Challenges are part of life and something we can all expect to encounter at one point or another during our lifetime.We handle challenges differently；some of us choose to face them head-on，while others flee in uncertainty. 1 The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively.
2 Nike couldn’t have said it any better with their slogan，“Just do it！” Some challenges require us to do just that.Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it，no matter how unsure we might feel.Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention，leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam.
Educate ourselves.The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren’t familiar with them. 3 The Internet，books，forums，etc.，offer platforms where we can research and learn about our challenges to find strategies against them.Knowledge is definitely powerful and essential in conquering anything.
Be persistent.This is what is required to accomplish anything，especially when it comes to overcoming challenges.No matter how difficult our challenges might be，we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them. 4
Ask for help.There are times when we can’t go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face. 5 Networking with like-minded individuals who can offer us support，suggestions，and solutions is useful in helping us overcome challenges.
A．Meet them head-on.
B．Adapt a different strategy.
C．It is said that two heads are better than one.
D．If we give up，we allow the challenges to conquer us instead.
E．Therefore，our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited.
F．Whatever our positions，we all wish to conquer them and move on.
G．Some challenges can be overwhelming，making us question our ability to overcome them.
1．答案　F
解析　设空处上文“We handle challenges...flee in uncertainty.(我们应对挑战的方式各有不同；我们中的一些人选择正面面对它们，而另一些人则在不确定中逃离。)”以及下文“The following are...challenges more effectively.(下面是一些简单的方法和策略，我们都可以用来更有效地克服挑战。)”说明无论如何，我们都要克服困难。故F选项“无论我们的立场是什么，我们都希望克服它们并继续前进”切题。故选F。
2．答案　A
解析　设空处下文说耐克用他们的口号“Just do it！”来表达这一点再好不过了。有些挑战要求我们这样做。无论我们感觉多么不确定，请迎难而上，勇敢征服困难。有些挑战是紧迫的，需要立即关注，我们别无选择，只能全力以赴。由此可知，该段主要讲述“直面挑战”。故选A。
3．答案　E
解析　根据设空处上文“The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren’t familiar with them.”可知，空处承接上文说明不熟悉它们导致的结果。故E选项“因此，我们征服它们的知识和能力是有限的”切题。选项中的them与上一句中的them呼应。故选E。
4．答案　D
解析　根据设空处上文“No matter how difficult our challenges might be，we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them.”可知，空处为前一句内容的补充，故D选项“如果我们放弃，我们反过来就会让挑战征服我们”切题，反向叙述后果。故选D。
5．答案　C
解析　根据设空处上文“There are times when we can’t go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face.”和下文“Networking with like-minded individuals...”可知，此处说明为什么要通过求助来克服挑战。故C选项“俗语说：人多力量大”切题。故选C。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Walking around the world may seem impossible，but that didn’t stop one American woman from putting one foot in front of 1. other.
In 2014，Angela Maxwell，then in her early 30s，began her walk around the world alone.After six-and-a-half years and over 32,000 kilometers，Maxwell’s walk ended 2. it began.Before she left 3. her journey，Maxwell found inspiration from women explorers of the past.“I read their books in 4. (hope) of finding encouragement—and I did—by 5. (learn) about their challenges and struggles as well as their triumphs.Each woman’s story was vastly 6. (differ)，which gave me the confidence to give my walk a try，” Maxwell told the BBC.
Maxwell’s worldwide walk wasn’t easy.She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and 7.__________(attack) in her tent in Mongolia.Still，she continued to walk.
When the BBC asked her what kind of person it takes to walk around the world，Maxwell said，“It’s 8. (probable) a combination of ambition，a little 9. (stubborn) and a pinch of passion—not for hiking as a sport，but for self-discovery and adventure.”
“Walking has taught me that everything and everyone has a story 10.___________(share)；we just have to be willing to listen，” she said.
1．答案　the
解析　考查冠词。one foot in front of the other“一步一步行走”是固定短语，the other特指两者中的另一个。故填the。
2．答案　where
解析　考查地点状语从句。根据句意可知，此处应用where引导地点状语从句。故填where。
3．答案　on
解析　考查介词。介词on和journey是固定搭配。故填on。
4．答案　hopes
解析　考查名词复数。in hopes of“怀着……的希望”是固定搭配。故填hopes。
5．答案　learning
解析　考查非谓语动词。介词by后用动名词作宾语。故填learning。
6．答案　different
解析　考查形容词。分析句子结构，此处在句中作表语，意为“不同的”，应填形容词。故填different。
7．答案　was attacked
解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。动词attack和主语之间是被动关系，根据前文heard可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为She，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填was attacked。
8．答案　probably
解析　考查副词。修饰be动词用副词。故填probably。
9．答案　stubbornness
解析　考查名词。根据前文a combination of ambition和后文a pinch of passion可知，此处应用名词stubbornness(不可数)并列作宾语。故填stubbornness。
10．答案　to share
解析　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作后置定语修饰story。故填to share。

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