资源简介

(共71张PPT)
Period 2
Learning About Language
Science fiction
Unit 1
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
达标检测
作业2
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分并完成练习
Are you ready to get fit We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Center will soon be open to the public once again.Our facilities ①have been enlarged and redone，and our center is now bigger and better than ever before.The finishing touches ②are now being put to a new swimming pool and our workout rooms ③will have been updated with modern equipment by the end of this e by and check them out! Better still，we will update our fitness courses every few months so that more popular courses can be included.Weight training classes，for example，④are being designed and ⑤will be added to our programme soon.We will invite professional athletes to be our coaches.We are confident that we have something for everyone.Looking forward to seeing you here！
以上加颜色部分均使用了 语态，其中句 是现在完成时的被动语态，其构成是 ; 句 和 是现在进行时的被动语态，其构成是 ；句 是将来完成时的被动语态，其构成是 ；句 是一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是 。
返 回
被动
①
have/has been done
②
④
am/is/are being done
③
will/shall have been done
⑤
will/shall be done
语法精讲
复习被动语态
一、被动语态的基本结构
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done — shall/will have been done
过去将来 should/would be done — should/would have been done
These electric devices are examined and fixed on a monthly basis.
这些电器每月都被检修。
The science fiction novel was published in 2016.
这部科幻小说于2016年出版。
The new type of robot will be tested out by some restaurants near the company.
这种新型机器人将会被公司附近的一些餐馆测试。
Many animals are being killed and their habitats are being damaged.许多动物正在被杀害，而且它们的栖息地正在遭到破坏。
When I arrived at the garage，my car was still being repaired.
当我到达汽车修理厂的时候，我的汽车仍在修理中。
The manager said Tom would be dismissed.
经理说汤姆会被解雇。
The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973.
这本书自1973年上市以来已被译成30种语言。
The chairwoman said she had been invited to the party.女主席说她已经收到晚会的邀请。
The project will have been finished by the end of next month.
到下个月末，这项工程将已完成。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①The meeting (put) off for some reason and we will hold the meeting next Monday.
②A special class to help poor readers (set) up by an expert in the school last month.
③Everyone’s pay (increase) next year by 10 percent.
④It is the first time that the actor’s performance ____________________
(recognize) by the director.
⑤I have to take a taxi because my car (fix) in the garage.
has been put
was set
will be increased
has been recognized
is being fixed
二、使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题
1.否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
The boy breathed a sigh of relief when hearing that he wouldn’t be dismissed.
当听说他不会被开除时，这个男孩松了口气。
2.主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，变被动句时应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。
(1)We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
→He was seen sitting there without doing anything by us.
我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。
(2)His words made me throw up.
→I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
[点津]　在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接不定式作宾补时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。
3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的(间接)宾语，或将表示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
→An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
→I’m being told an interesting story by my father now.
我爸爸现在正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
4.动词短语是一个整体，在主动语态或被动语态中都不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
Kids in the kindergarten are being taken good care of.幼儿园的孩子们被照顾得很好。
5.主动形式表示被动意义
(1)连系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，seem，appear，prove等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
The idea sounds great.这个主意听起来棒极了。
The popcorn they made looked wonderful and tasted delicious.
他们做的爆米花看起来棒极了，吃起来也很美味。
(2)当wash，write，sell，open，close，shut，lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily，well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.
这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。
The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.
父亲给我作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。
(3)need，want，require，deserve等＋doing用主动形式表示被动意义。
His hair needs cutting.
→His hair needs to be cut.
他的头发需要剪了。
(4)be worth doing→be worthy to be done主动形式表示被动意义。
The novel is worth reading again.
→The novel is worthy to be read again.
这部小说值得再读一次。
[即时训练2]　完成句子
①有人看见这个男士进了一家餐馆。
The man .
②她不被允许在花园里玩，也不被允许从图书馆借书。
She or borrow books from the library.
③我不许别人这样跟我说话。
I like that.
④这个博物馆值得再次参观。
The museum is worth .
was seen to enter a restaurant
was not allowed/permitted to play in the garden
will not be spoken to
visiting again
三、动词不定式的被动语态
1.I am very happy to be thus praised.
我非常高兴受到如此褒奖。
The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the library.
不允许把这些杂志带出图书馆。
The room seems to have been broken into.
似乎有人闯进过这个房间。
I am proud to have been admitted to Peking University.
我很自豪已被北京大学录取。
[总结]　动词不定式的被动语态由“to＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。当动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式只有一般式(to be done)和完成式(to have been done)。
2.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况
(1)不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系。
Before the end of the meeting，I have something important to declare.
会议结束之前，我有很重要的事情要宣布。
There is so much homework to do every day，which almost drives me mad.
每天有那么多家庭作业要做，这几乎让我发疯。
(2)动词不定式跟在性质形容词(difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，good等)后，与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时(构成sb/sth be＋adj.＋to do)。
Our headmaster looks hard to get close to，but in fact he is easy to get along with.
我们校长看起来很难接近，但实际上他很容易相处。
(3)“疑问词＋to do”结构
With so many books at hand，Tom had no idea which to read first.
手上有那么多的书，汤姆不知道先读哪一本。
(4)某些动词，如blame，let(出租)等的不定式用在be后作表语时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
The apartment is to let.此公寓出租。
[即时训练3]　
①We have four reading passages (complete) in the coming vacation.
②The old man found the computer was difficult (operate).
③I expected (inform) of the changes in the schedule.
④It turned out that he was (blame) for the accident.
⑤The villager will show you the secret path (take).
to complete
to operate
to be informed
to blame
to take
返 回
达标检测
1.It (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored.
2.The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
3.The median(中间值的) age of an American in 1950 was 30—today it is 41 and (expect) to increase to 42 by 2050.
4.They are living with their parents because their own house ___________
__________(decorate).
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
was built
felt
is expected
is being
decorated
5.Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations ________________
(employ) only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
6.Anyone who has helped to save the drowning girl is worth ___________
(praise).
7.Jones got the idea after he had talked with a saleswoman who ________
________(cheat) of her money.
8.Food supplies in the flood-stricken area (run) out.We must take action immediately.
have been employed
praising
had been
cheated
are running
9.After he took over the company，he decided to have more workers for the project so that it won’t (delay).
10.In her speech，the chairwoman stresses that no problem here is difficult (work) out，if we think carefully enough.
be delayed
to work
The Wandering Earth is a science fiction novel which 1.____________
_________(由刘慈欣所写).It 2. (被认为是) one of the best science fiction stories.After the novel 3. (被出版)，it drew wide attention.The story of the novel 4. (基于科学)，imagination and personal experiences.The novel 5.____________________
___________________(已被翻译成许多种语言) so far.Now it 6._________
______________________________(正被全世界的人们阅读) and it 7.____
_______________________________(将被后代珍惜).
Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用被动语态
is written by
Liu Cixin
is considered as
was published
is based on science
has been translated
into many languages
is being
read by people all over the world
will
be treasured by future generations
返 回
作业2
1.We plant many trees every year.
→____________________________________________________________
2.We will plant more trees there to improve the environment.
→_____________________________________________________________
3.Cellphone games are damaging people’s eyesight.
→____________________________________________________________
Ⅰ.句型转换(变为被动语态)
Many trees are planted by us every year.
More trees will be planted by us there to improve the environment.
People’s eyesight is being damaged by cellphone games.
4.Yesterday when I entered my son’s bedroom，he was playing a cellphone game.
→____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________
5.Mr Xu had translated many poems into English by 2000.
→____________________________________________________________
6.Many young translators have translated pop songs into English in recent years.
→____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yesterday when I entered my son’s bedroom，a cellphone game was being played by him.
Many poems had been translated into English by Mr Xu by 2000.
Pop songs have been translated into English by many young translators in recent years.
7.She said that she would finish the task in a day or two.
→____________________________________________________________
8.Shortly after he passed his qualification tests，his former teacher called him back to London to continue his research.
→____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
She said that the task would be finished by her in a day or two.
Shortly after he passed his qualification tests，he was called back by his former teacher to London to continue his research.
1.现在汉语变得越来越受欢迎了，全世界许多学校都在教授汉语。
Today Chinese， in many schools around the world，is becoming more and more popular.
2.去年我们学校种了许多树和花，使我们学校成了一个美丽的花园。
in our school last year，making our school a beautiful garden.
3.下周将在学校礼堂举行一次关于科学技术发展的讲座。
A talk on the development of science and technology __________________
___________ next week.
Ⅱ.完成句子
which is taught
Many trees and flowers were planted
will be given in the
school hall
4.这次演出已被许多人认为是央视春晚的最佳表演。
The performance by many people as the best performance at CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala.
5.艺术疗法正为心理医生和商务人士所用。
Art therapy by psychologist and business people.
has been regarded
is being used
A
“I’ll be there in a few minutes.I’m playing a game with a friend，a guy named Scuzball，” my 15-year-old son shouted from his room.“Oh，what is Scuzball’s real name？” I asked.“I have no idea，” he said. “Where is he from？” I continued.He responded，“I think somewhere in Canada.
语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己儿子玩电子游戏的日常，分析了现在的青少年不再通过面对面、互相帮助来结交和维持友谊，而是通过网络来交友的现状，表达了作者对这种友谊的不认同和担忧。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Oh，wait，it doesn’t even matter because Scuzball just left the game and he has been replaced with a robot.”
“Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence？” I asked.“It doesn’t matter，Dad.It happens all the time! The game continues.” My son doesn’t mind playing with a person or a robot，which is typical of games these days.But I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children.
Aristotle，a great thinker and educator，pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily abandoned because such bonds are fragile.Deep friendship，by contrast，is when you care for your friend for his sake，not for any benefit you can get.This is selfless friendship.You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort.You must make sacrifices for each other.
Presence in friendship requires “being with” and “doing for”.Perhaps the most defining feature of deep friendship is “doing for”，as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I’m sick.Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices.But it is unclear why online “friends” would bother to do the hard work of friendship.When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick，they laughed at my stone-age question and said they’d just order soup online.
Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in example case of friendship，like sports，collective arts，free-range childhoods，etc.In this way，digital life produces false friendships.
1.How does the author bring up the topic of the text
A.By quoting sayings.
B.By presenting a conversation.
C.By introducing a game.
D.By showing robot technology.
√
写作手法题。根据前两段作者和儿子的日常对话尤其是第二段末句“But I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children.”及全文内容可知，作者是通过展现一段父子之间的日常对话，来引出文章关于交友、友谊的主题。故选B。
解析
2.What does the author mainly explain in paragraph 3
A.Selfish friendship.
B.Making sacrifices in life.
C.The formation of shallow friendship.
D.The meaning of deep friendship.
√
段落大意题。第三段通过引用亚里士多德的观点，说明了深厚的友谊需要花费大量的时间和精力，你们必须为彼此做出牺牲。故该段主要解释了什么才是深厚的友谊。故选D。
解析
3.Which of the following is probably a “stone-age question”？
A.When will my takeout order arrive
B.Why should they bother to do the hard work of friendship
C.How will you find your way there without a map
D.What’s your feeling when your friend is replaced with a robot
√
推理判断题。根据第四段末句“When I asked my...order soup online.”可知，“stone-age question”是指比较落后过时的、不属于当今网络电子时代的问题。现在人们可以通过导航、电子地图来找到要去的地方，不需要通过纸质的地图，所以选项C(没有地图你怎么找到去那里的路呢？)已经过时，故选C。
解析
4.What’s the best title for the text
A.Friendship in Digital Life
B.The Benefits of Artificial Intelligence
C.Face-to-face Communication
D.The Sacrifices of Online Friends
√
标题归纳题。根据第二段末句“But I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children.”和最后一段末句“In this way，digital life produces false friendships.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要分析了在数字生活中友谊的现状。故选A。
解析
B(此篇精读)
Climate models can give us a preview of how humanity’s actions—or inaction—will change our planet over the coming decades and centuries.But because the planet is such a complex system，they aren’t perfect：climate models have uncertainties that grow larger as they go farther into the future.Scientists and engineers from across the country are teaming up to build a new type of climate model that is designed to provide more precise and actionable predictions.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。本文围绕气候模型的主题，解释了其工作原理、存在的局限性，以及科学家们如何努力改进气候模型以提高预测的准确性和实用性。
Current climate modeling relies on dividing up the globe into a 3D grid(格子) and then computing what is going on in each sector of the grid，as well as how the sectors interact with each other.Limitations in available computer processing power mean that those sectors generally cannot be any smaller than tens of kilometers per side.But for climate modeling，the devil is in the details—details that get missed in a too-large grid.“For cities planning their stormwater management facilities to resist the next 100 years’ worth of floods，this is a serious issue.Concrete answers about the likely range of climate outcomes are key for planning，” says Tapio Schneider，a senior research scientist.
Weighing recent advances in the computational and data sciences，the team plans to step in and each of the partners brings a different strength and research expertise① to the project.“Our goal is a new model that projects② future changes in critical variables③ such as cloud cover，sea ice extent，and rainfall more accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size of those in existing models，” said Dr Andrew，the team leader.
One doubter about the application of climate models is Raffaele Ferrari，a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Oceanography at MIT.“Using a model，we become puppeteers(操纵木偶的人)，masters of a giant system that is，in truth，beyond human control.We can cool or heat the planet at will④，add salt or ice or rain or dust in any amount we want，” Dr Ferrari says.“We have no backup⑤ planet.How climate models are used remains to be seen.”
5.Why are climate models built
A.To collect scientific data.
B.To monitor human actions.
C.To deliver useful forecasts.
D.To maintain social systems.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段首句和末句可知，建立气候模型是为了提供有用的预测。故选C。
解析
6.What is the problem of current climate modeling
A.Shortage of facilities.
B.Reliance on computers.
C.Inability to get smaller grids.
D.Limitations in simplifying details.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Limitations in available computer processing power mean that those sectors generally cannot be any smaller than tens of kilometers per side.But for climate modeling，the devil is in the details—details that get missed in a too-large grid.”可知，当前气候模型的问题是无法得到更小的网格。故选C。
解析
7.What does the team aim to do
A.Investigate serious issues.
B.Guarantee the safety of the city.
C.Change the future climate.
D.Improve the accuracy of the models.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Our goal is a new model...more accurately...in existing models”可知，团队的目标是提高模型的准确性。故选D。
解析
8.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Climate models enjoy great popularity.
B.Scientists have created a new climate model.
C.Doubts about climate models are disappearing.
D.Caution is advised in the use of climate models.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，麻省理工学院教授 Raffaele Ferrari对气候模型的应用持怀疑态度，并警告人们如何使用气候模型还有待观察，也就是在使用气候模型时应谨慎。故选D。
解析
语境猜词
①expertise n.______________
②project n.工程，方案，计划v. (本文为此义)
③variable adj.多变的n. (本文为此义)
④at will __________
⑤backup n._______
预测，预计
变量
随意，任意
备用物
专长；专门技能
Current climate modeling relies on dividing up the globe into a 3D grid and then computing what is going on in each sector of the grid，as well as how the sectors interact with each other.
分析：此句为 句。and并列两个动名词短语dividing up...和computing...；what引导 从句，在从句中作 ；as well as并列第二个由how引导的 从句，how在从句中作 。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
句式分析
复合
宾语
主语
宾语
状语
当前的气候建模依赖于将地球划分为一个三维网格，然后计算这个网格的每个区域内正在发生的情况，以及这些区域之间是如何相互作用的。
For individuals with hearing loss，listening to conversations in noisy environments can be particularly challenging.Unfortunately，traditional hearing aids adopt a “one-size-fits-all” approach to processing sounds，regardless of the listening needs of individual users.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Oticon公司推出的一款名为Oticon Intent的新型助听器。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.Thus，it is able to prevent memory loss.
B.It can recognise what people want and need to listen to.
C.Moreover，it helps them communicate and fully engage in life.
D.This may make listening and engaging with others more difficult.
E.That means users will never have to worry about running out of battery.
F.Take a step towards better hearing by contacting your nearest hearing care professional.
G.People’s communication behaviour reflects their listening intentions via head
and body movements.
√
1 Users may also experience a lack of sound clarity(清楚) and do not want to engage in conversations with others.
根据上文的“For individuals with hearing loss...regardless of the listening needs of individual users.”和下文的“Users may also experience a lack of sound clarity(清楚) and do not want to engage in conversations with others.”可知，空格前面提及听力损失的个体在嘈杂环境下听人说话特别具有挑战性，并指出传统助听器采用的“一刀切”方法无法满足个体用户的听力需求，选项D(这可能使倾听和与他人互动更加困难)直接说明了这种“一刀切”方法带来的结果，下文进一步阐述了由于缺乏声音清晰度，导致用户可能不愿意与人交谈。故选D。
解析
Good news is that a hearing aid company named Oticon is taking an important step to solve this No.1 challenge for people with hearing loss—hearing speech in noise.With new 4D Sensor technology，Oticon Intent，a new device，is capable of understanding the users’ listening intentions.
2 In this way，it is able to deliver truly personalised support.But the true hero in sound processing is the brain，as it is constantly working to make sense of sound.Oticon’s new technology provides the brain with access to the full sound environment.
A.Thus，it is able to prevent memory loss.
B.It can recognise what people want and need to listen to.
C.Moreover，it helps them communicate and fully engage in life.
D.This may make listening and engaging with others more difficult.
E.That means users will never have to worry about running out of battery.
F.Take a step towards better hearing by contacting your nearest hearing care professional.
G.People’s communication behaviour reflects their listening intentions via head
and body movements.
√
根据上文的“Good news is that...is capable of understanding the users’ listening intentions.”和下文的“In this way，it is able to deliver...with access to the full sound environment.”可知，空格前面提到Oticon Intent借助新的4D传感器技术，能够理解用户的倾听意图，选项B(它能识别人们想要和需要听到的内容)直接回应了这一点，表明了这种新技术如何实现个性化支持，符合上下文中提到的Oticon Intent 的能力。故选B。
解析
3 In conversation，users tend to keep their heads still to engage with a single person.Or they move their heads in a group conversation to engage with different people.When struggling to hear what someone is saying，users are likely to lean(倾斜) in to listen.
A.Thus，it is able to prevent memory loss.
B.It can recognise what people want and need to listen to.
C.Moreover，it helps them communicate and fully engage in life.
D.This may make listening and engaging with others more difficult.
E.That means users will never have to worry about running out of battery.
F.Take a step towards better hearing by contacting your nearest hearing care professional.
G.People’s communication behaviour reflects their listening intentions via head
and body movements.
√
根据下文的“In conversation，users tend to keep their heads still to...through sensors that monitor head and body movements.”可知，空格后面提到用户在与个人交谈中倾向于保持头部静止，在团体交谈中，倾向于移动头部及身体。选项G(人们的沟通行为通过头部和身体的动作反映了他们的倾听意图)总述了这点，为整个段落的主题句。故选G。
解析
The technology in Oticon Intent understands and adapts to the user through sensors that monitor head and body movements.It helps users move beyond just hearing and listening. 4
A.Thus，it is able to prevent memory loss.
B.It can recognise what people want and need to listen to.
C.Moreover，it helps them communicate and fully engage in life.
D.This may make listening and engaging with others more difficult.
E.That means users will never have to worry about running out of battery.
F.Take a step towards better hearing by contacting your nearest hearing care professional.
G.People’s communication behaviour reflects their listening intentions via head
and body movements.
√
根据本段上文可知，Oticon Intent采用新技术通过监测用户头部和身体动作来更好地理解用户的需求，选项C(此外，它帮助他们沟通并充分参与生活)强调了这一技术带来的正面影响，不仅仅是改善听力，还能使用户更好地沟通和参与生活，符合上下文的逻辑。故选C。
解析
Thomas Behrens，Vice President of the company，said，“This small device has up to 20 hours of battery life. 5 When the device requires a recharge，users can simply place it into the charger for just 30 minutes to obtain up to 8 hours of battery life.”
A.Thus，it is able to prevent memory loss.
B.It can recognise what people want and need to listen to.
C.Moreover，it helps them communicate and fully engage in life.
D.This may make listening and engaging with others more difficult.
E.That means users will never have to worry about running out of battery.
F.Take a step towards better hearing by contacting your nearest hearing care professional.
G.People’s communication behaviour reflects their listening intentions via head
and body movements.
√
根据上文的“This small device has up to 20 hours of battery life.”和下文的“When the device requires a recharge，users can simply place it into the charger for just 30 minutes to obtain up to 8 hours of battery life.”可知，该设备充满电后能用20小时，而且只需充电30分钟就能用8小时，选项E(这意味着用户将永远不必担心电池耗尽)反映了设备电池性能的优势，与上下文的内容相符。故选E。
解析
Ⅴ.语法填空
Beijing Roast Duck，also known 1. Peking Duck，
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京烤鸭。
as
考查介词。be known as以……著称。故填as。
解析
is one of the Chinese dishes that have gained 2. (popular) across the globe.The duck meat is served wrapped in Mandarin pancakes. It’s 3. (true) delicious for the taste buds(味蕾).
popularity
2.考查名词。此处为动词gained的宾语，所以需要名词形式，且为不可数名词，故填popularity。
3.考查副词。此处为副词作状语，修饰形容词delicious。故填truly。
解析
truly
Originating in China’s royal palace more than 7 centuries ago，Beijing Roast Duck 4._______________(appoint) as one of the national dishes for the reception of foreign 5. (guest) by Premier Zhou Enlai in the 1970s.
was appointed
4.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in the 1970s，所以用过去时态；根据句意，主语Beijing Roast Duck与appoint之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态；主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was appointed。
5.考查名词的数。外宾不止一人，guest可数，所以用复数。故填guests。
解析
guests
Now it is highly praised by heads of government officials，and domestic and foreign tourists.
An authentic Beijing duck can take up to three days 6.____________
(prepare). It is 7._____intensely complex process with many requirements.
to prepare
6.考查非谓语动词。此处为take some time to do结构，表示“做某事需要多长时间”。故填to prepare。
7.考查冠词。这里表示“这是一个非常复杂的过程”，所以用不定冠词，intensely 发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
解析
an
The duck must be of the white Beijing variety and of superior quality，a “force-fed duck” that 8. (weigh) about three kilograms.
The manner of serving and eating Beijing duck is unique.The chef presents you the whole duck before taking it away for slicing,9. slicing it in front of your table.
weighs
8.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时态，关系词that指代的a “force-fed duck”是单数，that在从句中作主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填weighs。
9.考查连词。此处表示两种不同方式的选择，所以用连词or。故填or。
解析
or
Each slice is very thin,10. (contain) both meat and skin.When eating the duck，you should first take a pancake in one hand.Then with your chopsticks pick up a slice of duck and dip it into the sauce(酱) before putting it on the pancake.Next，add some cucumber and green onion.Finally，roll up the pancake.
containing
考查非谓语动词。动词contain与它的逻辑主语Each slice为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填containing。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 2　Learning About Language
阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分并完成练习
Are you ready to get fit We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Center will soon be open to the public once again.Our facilities ①have been enlarged and redone，and our center is now bigger and better than ever before.The finishing touches ②are now being put to a new swimming pool and our workout rooms ③will have been updated with modern equipment by the end of this e by and check them out! Better still，we will update our fitness courses every few months so that more popular courses can be included.Weight training classes，for example，④are being designed and ⑤will be added to our programme soon.We will invite professional athletes to be our coaches.We are confident that we have something for everyone.Looking forward to seeing you here！
以上黑体部分均使用了被动语态，其中句①是现在完成时的被动语态，其构成是have/has been done; 句②和④是现在进行时的被动语态，其构成是am/is/are being done；句③是将来完成时的被动语态，其构成是will/shall have been done；句⑤是一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是will/shall be done。
复习被动语态
一、被动语态的基本结构
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done — shall/will have been done
过去将来 should/would be done — should/would have been done
These electric devices are examined and fixed on a monthly basis.
这些电器每月都被检修。
The science fiction novel was published in 2016.
这部科幻小说于2016年出版。
The new type of robot will be tested out by some restaurants near the company.
这种新型机器人将会被公司附近的一些餐馆测试。
Many animals are being killed and their habitats are being damaged.许多动物正在被杀害，而且它们的栖息地正在遭到破坏。
When I arrived at the garage，my car was still being repaired.
当我到达汽车修理厂的时候，我的汽车仍在修理中。
The manager said Tom would be dismissed.
经理说汤姆会被解雇。
The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973.
这本书自1973年上市以来已被译成30种语言。
The chairwoman said she had been invited to the party.女主席说她已经收到晚会的邀请。
The project will have been finished by the end of next month.
到下个月末，这项工程将已完成。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①The meeting has been put(put) off for some reason and we will hold the meeting next Monday.
②A special class to help poor readers was set(set) up by an expert in the school last month.
③Everyone’s pay will be increased(increase) next year by 10 percent.
④It is the first time that the actor’s performance has been recognized(recognize) by the director.
⑤I have to take a taxi because my car is being fixed(fix) in the garage.
二、使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题
1．否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
The boy breathed a sigh of relief when hearing that he wouldn’t be dismissed.
当听说他不会被开除时，这个男孩松了口气。
2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，变被动句时应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。
(1)We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
→He was seen sitting there without doing anything by us.
我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。
(2)His words made me throw up.
→I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
[点津]　在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接不定式作宾补时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。
3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的(间接)宾语，或将表示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
→An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
→I’m being told an interesting story by my father now.
我爸爸现在正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
4．动词短语是一个整体，在主动语态或被动语态中都不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
Kids in the kindergarten are being taken good care of.幼儿园的孩子们被照顾得很好。
5．主动形式表示被动意义
(1)连系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，seem，appear，prove等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
The idea sounds great.这个主意听起来棒极了。
The popcorn they made looked wonderful and tasted delicious.
他们做的爆米花看起来棒极了，吃起来也很美味。
(2)当wash，write，sell，open，close，shut，lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily，well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.
这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。
The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.
父亲给我作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。
(3)need，want，require，deserve等＋doing用主动形式表示被动意义。
His hair needs cutting.
→His hair needs to be cut.
他的头发需要剪了。
(4)be worth doing→be worthy to be done主动形式表示被动意义。
The novel is worth reading again.
→The novel is worthy to be read again.
这部小说值得再读一次。
[即时训练2]　完成句子
①有人看见这个男士进了一家餐馆。
The man was seen to enter a restaurant.
②她不被允许在花园里玩，也不被允许从图书馆借书。
She was not allowed/permitted to play in the garden or borrow books from the library.
③我不许别人这样跟我说话。
I will not be spoken to like that.
④这个博物馆值得再次参观。
The museum is worth visiting again.
三、动词不定式的被动语态
1．I am very happy to be thus praised.
我非常高兴受到如此褒奖。
The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the library.
不允许把这些杂志带出图书馆。
The room seems to have been broken into.
似乎有人闯进过这个房间。
I am proud to have been admitted to Peking University.
我很自豪已被北京大学录取。
[总结]　动词不定式的被动语态由“to＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。当动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式只有一般式(to be done)和完成式(to have been done)。
2．动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况
(1)不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系。
Before the end of the meeting，I have something important to declare.
会议结束之前，我有很重要的事情要宣布。
There is so much homework to do every day，which almost drives me mad.
每天有那么多家庭作业要做，这几乎让我发疯。
(2)动词不定式跟在性质形容词(difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，good等)后，与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时(构成sb/sth be＋adj.＋to do)。
Our headmaster looks hard to get close to，but in fact he is easy to get along with.
我们校长看起来很难接近，但实际上他很容易相处。
(3)“疑问词＋to do”结构
With so many books at hand，Tom had no idea which to read first.
手上有那么多的书，汤姆不知道先读哪一本。
(4)某些动词，如blame，let(出租)等的不定式用在be后作表语时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
The apartment is to let.此公寓出租。
[即时训练3]
①We have four reading passages to complete(complete) in the coming vacation.
②The old man found the computer was difficult to operate(operate)．
③I expected to be informed(inform) of the changes in the schedule.
④It turned out that he was to blame(blame) for the accident.
⑤The villager will show you the secret path to take(take)．
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It was built(build) originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored.
2．The water felt(feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
3．The median(中间值的) age of an American in 1950 was 30—today it is 41 and is expected(expect) to increase to 42 by 2050.
4．They are living with their parents because their own house is being decorated(decorate)．
5．Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed(employ) only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
6．Anyone who has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising(praise)．
7．Jones got the idea after he had talked with a saleswoman who had been cheated(cheat) of her money.
8．Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are running(run) out.We must take action immediately.
9．After he took over the company，he decided to have more workers for the project so that it won’t be delayed(delay)．
10．In her speech，the chairwoman stresses that no problem here is difficult to work(work) out，if we think carefully enough.
Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用被动语态
The Wandering Earth is a science fiction novel which 1.is written by Liu Cixin(由刘慈欣所写)．It 2.is considered as(被认为是) one of the best science fiction stories.After the novel 3.was published(被出版)，it drew wide attention.The story of the novel 4.is based on science(基于科学)，imagination and personal experiences.The novel 5.has been translated into many languages(已被翻译成许多种语言) so far.Now it 6.is being read by people all over the world(正被全世界的人们阅读) and it 7.will be treasured by future generations(将被后代珍惜)．
作业2
[分值：78.5分]
Ⅰ.句型转换(变为被动语态)(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
1．We plant many trees every year.
→Many trees are planted by us every year.
2．We will plant more trees there to improve the environment.
→More trees will be planted by us there to improve the environment.
3．Cellphone games are damaging people’s eyesight.
→People’s eyesight is being damaged by cellphone games.
4．Yesterday when I entered my son’s bedroom，he was playing a cellphone game.
→Yesterday when I entered my son’s bedroom，a cellphone game was being played by him.
5．Mr Xu had translated many poems into English by 2000.
→Many poems had been translated into English by Mr Xu by 2000.
6．Many young translators have translated pop songs into English in recent years.
→Pop songs have been translated into English by many young translators in recent years.
7．She said that she would finish the task in a day or two.
→She said that the task would be finished by her in a day or two.
8．Shortly after he passed his qualification tests，his former teacher called him back to London to continue his research.
→Shortly after he passed his qualification tests，he was called back by his former teacher to London to continue his research.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
1．现在汉语变得越来越受欢迎了，全世界许多学校都在教授汉语。
Today Chinese，which is taught in many schools around the world，is becoming more and more popular.
2．去年我们学校种了许多树和花，使我们学校成了一个美丽的花园。
Many trees and flowers were planted in our school last year，making our school a beautiful garden.
3．下周将在学校礼堂举行一次关于科学技术发展的讲座。
A talk on the development of science and technology will be given in the school hall next week.
4．这次演出已被许多人认为是央视春晚的最佳表演。
The performance has been regarded by many people as the best performance at CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala.
5．艺术疗法正为心理医生和商务人士所用。
Art therapy is being used by psychologist and business people.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
“I’ll be there in a few minutes.I’m playing a game with a friend，a guy named Scuzball，” my 15-year-old son shouted from his room.“Oh，what is Scuzball’s real name？” I asked.“I have no idea，” he said.“Where is he from？” I continued.He responded，“I think somewhere in Canada.Oh，wait，it doesn’t even matter because Scuzball just left the game and he has been replaced with a robot.”
“Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence？” I asked.“It doesn’t matter，Dad.It happens all the time! The game continues.” My son doesn’t mind playing with a person or a robot，which is typical of games these days.But I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children.
Aristotle，a great thinker and educator，pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily abandoned because such bonds are fragile.Deep friendship，by contrast，is when you care for your friend for his sake，not for any benefit you can get.This is selfless friendship.You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort.You must make sacrifices for each other.
Presence in friendship requires “being with” and “doing for”．Perhaps the most defining feature of deep friendship is “doing for”，as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I’m sick.Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices.But it is unclear why online “friends” would bother to do the hard work of friendship.When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick，they laughed at my stone-age question and said they’d just order soup online.
Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in example case of friendship，like sports，collective arts，free-range childhoods，etc.In this way，digital life produces false friendships.
语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己儿子玩电子游戏的日常，分析了现在的青少年不再通过面对面、互相帮助来结交和维持友谊，而是通过网络来交友的现状，表达了作者对这种友谊的不认同和担忧。
1．How does the author bring up the topic of the text
A．By quoting sayings.
B．By presenting a conversation.
C．By introducing a game.
D．By showing robot technology.
答案　B
解析　写作手法题。根据前两段作者和儿子的日常对话尤其是第二段末句“But I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children.”及全文内容可知，作者是通过展现一段父子之间的日常对话，来引出文章关于交友、友谊的主题。故选B。
2．What does the author mainly explain in paragraph 3
A．Selfish friendship.
B．Making sacrifices in life.
C．The formation of shallow friendship.
D．The meaning of deep friendship.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。第三段通过引用亚里士多德的观点，说明了深厚的友谊需要花费大量的时间和精力，你们必须为彼此做出牺牲。故该段主要解释了什么才是深厚的友谊。故选D。
3．Which of the following is probably a “stone-age question”？
A．When will my takeout order arrive
B．Why should they bother to do the hard work of friendship
C．How will you find your way there without a map
D．What’s your feeling when your friend is replaced with a robot
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段末句“When I asked my...order soup online.”可知，“stone-age question”是指比较落后过时的、不属于当今网络电子时代的问题。现在人们可以通过导航、电子地图来找到要去的地方，不需要通过纸质的地图，所以选项C(没有地图你怎么找到去那里的路呢？)已经过时，故选C。
4．What’s the best title for the text
A．Friendship in Digital Life
B．The Benefits of Artificial Intelligence
C．Face-to-face Communication
D．The Sacrifices of Online Friends
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段末句“But I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children.”和最后一段末句“In this way，digital life produces false friendships.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要分析了在数字生活中友谊的现状。故选A。
B(此篇精读)
Climate models can give us a preview of how humanity’s actions—or inaction—will change our planet over the coming decades and centuries.But because the planet is such a complex system，they aren’t perfect：climate models have uncertainties that grow larger as they go farther into the future.Scientists and engineers from across the country are teaming up to build a new type of climate model that is designed to provide more precise and actionable predictions.
Current climate modeling relies on dividing up the globe into a 3D grid(格子) and then computing what is going on in each sector of the grid，as well as how the sectors interact with each other.Limitations in available computer processing power mean that those sectors generally cannot be any smaller than tens of kilometers per side.But for climate modeling，the devil is in the details—details that get missed in a too-large grid.“For cities planning their stormwater management facilities to resist the next 100 years’ worth of floods，this is a serious issue.Concrete answers about the likely range of climate outcomes are key for planning，” says Tapio Schneider，a senior research scientist.
Weighing recent advances in the computational and data sciences，the team plans to step in and each of the partners brings a different strength and research expertise① to the project.“Our goal is a new model that projects② future changes in critical variables③ such as cloud cover，sea ice extent，and rainfall more accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size of those in existing models，” said Dr Andrew，the team leader.
One doubter about the application of climate models is Raffaele Ferrari，a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Oceanography at MIT.“Using a model，we become puppeteers(操纵木偶的人)，masters of a giant system that is，in truth，beyond human control.We can cool or heat the planet at will④，add salt or ice or rain or dust in any amount we want，” Dr Ferrari says.“We have no backup⑤ planet.How climate models are used remains to be seen.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。本文围绕气候模型的主题，解释了其工作原理、存在的局限性，以及科学家们如何努力改进气候模型以提高预测的准确性和实用性。
5．Why are climate models built
A．To collect scientific data.
B．To monitor human actions.
C．To deliver useful forecasts.
D．To maintain social systems.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段首句和末句可知，建立气候模型是为了提供有用的预测。故选C。
6．What is the problem of current climate modeling
A．Shortage of facilities.
B．Reliance on computers.
C．Inability to get smaller grids.
D．Limitations in simplifying details.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Limitations in available computer processing power mean that those sectors generally cannot be any smaller than tens of kilometers per side.But for climate modeling，the devil is in the details—details that get missed in a too-large grid.”可知，当前气候模型的问题是无法得到更小的网格。故选C。
7．What does the team aim to do
A．Investigate serious issues.
B．Guarantee the safety of the city.
C．Change the future climate.
D．Improve the accuracy of the models.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Our goal is a new model...more accurately...in existing models”可知，团队的目标是提高模型的准确性。故选D。
8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Climate models enjoy great popularity.
B．Scientists have created a new climate model.
C．Doubts about climate models are disappearing.
D．Caution is advised in the use of climate models.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，麻省理工学院教授 Raffaele Ferrari对气候模型的应用持怀疑态度，并警告人们如何使用气候模型还有待观察，也就是在使用气候模型时应谨慎。故选D。
[语境猜词]
①expertise n．专长；专门技能
②project n．工程，方案，计划 v．预测，预计(本文为此义)
③variable adj.多变的 n．变量(本文为此义)
④at will随意，任意
⑤backup n．备用物
[句式分析]
Current climate modeling relies on dividing up the globe into a 3D grid and then computing what is going on in each sector of the grid，as well as how the sectors interact with each other.
分析：此句为复合句。and并列两个动名词短语dividing up...和computing...；what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语；as well as并列第二个由how引导的宾语从句，how在从句中作状语。
翻译：当前的气候建模依赖于将地球划分为一个三维网格，然后计算这个网格的每个区域内正在发生的情况，以及这些区域之间是如何相互作用的。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
For individuals with hearing loss，listening to conversations in noisy environments can be particularly challenging.Unfortunately，traditional hearing aids adopt a “one-size-fits-all” approach to processing sounds，regardless of the listening needs of individual users. 1 Users may also experience a lack of sound clarity(清楚) and do not want to engage in conversations with others.
Good news is that a hearing aid company named Oticon is taking an important step to solve this No.1 challenge for people with hearing loss—hearing speech in noise.With new 4D Sensor technology，Oticon Intent，a new device，is capable of understanding the users’ listening intentions. 2 In this way，it is able to deliver truly personalised support.But the true hero in sound processing is the brain，as it is constantly working to make sense of sound.Oticon’s new technology provides the brain with access to the full sound environment.
3 In conversation，users tend to keep their heads still to engage with a single person.Or they move their heads in a group conversation to engage with different people.When struggling to hear what someone is saying，users are likely to lean(倾斜) in to listen.The technology in Oticon Intent understands and adapts to the user through sensors that monitor head and body movements.It helps users move beyond just hearing and listening. 4
Thomas Behrens，Vice President of the company，said，“This small device has up to 20 hours of battery life. 5 When the device requires a recharge，users can simply place it into the charger for just 30 minutes to obtain up to 8 hours of battery life.”
A．Thus，it is able to prevent memory loss.
B．It can recognise what people want and need to listen to.
C．Moreover，it helps them communicate and fully engage in life.
D．This may make listening and engaging with others more difficult.
E．That means users will never have to worry about running out of battery.
F．Take a step towards better hearing by contacting your nearest hearing care professional.
G．People’s communication behaviour reflects their listening intentions via head and body movements.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Oticon公司推出的一款名为Oticon Intent的新型助听器。
1．答案　D
解析　根据上文的“For individuals with hearing loss...regardless of the listening needs of individual users.”和下文的“Users may also experience a lack of sound clarity(清楚) and do not want to engage in conversations with others.”可知，空格前面提及听力损失的个体在嘈杂环境下听人说话特别具有挑战性，并指出传统助听器采用的“一刀切”方法无法满足个体用户的听力需求，选项D(这可能使倾听和与他人互动更加困难)直接说明了这种“一刀切”方法带来的结果，下文进一步阐述了由于缺乏声音清晰度，导致用户可能不愿意与人交谈。故选D。
2．答案　B
解析　根据上文的“Good news is that...is capable of understanding the users’ listening intentions.”和下文的“In this way，it is able to deliver...with access to the full sound environment.”可知，空格前面提到Oticon Intent借助新的4D传感器技术，能够理解用户的倾听意图，选项B(它能识别人们想要和需要听到的内容)直接回应了这一点，表明了这种新技术如何实现个性化支持，符合上下文中提到的Oticon Intent 的能力。故选B。
3．答案　G
解析　根据下文的“In conversation，users tend to keep their heads still to...through sensors that monitor head and body movements.”可知，空格后面提到用户在与个人交谈中倾向于保持头部静止，在团体交谈中，倾向于移动头部及身体。选项G(人们的沟通行为通过头部和身体的动作反映了他们的倾听意图)总述了这点，为整个段落的主题句。故选G。
4．答案　C
解析　根据本段上文可知，Oticon Intent采用新技术通过监测用户头部和身体动作来更好地理解用户的需求，选项C(此外，它帮助他们沟通并充分参与生活)强调了这一技术带来的正面影响，不仅仅是改善听力，还能使用户更好地沟通和参与生活，符合上下文的逻辑。故选C。
5．答案　E
解析　根据上文的“This small device has up to 20 hours of battery life.”和下文的“When the device requires a recharge，users can simply place it into the charger for just 30 minutes to obtain up to 8 hours of battery life.”可知，该设备充满电后能用20小时，而且只需充电30分钟就能用8小时，选项E(这意味着用户将永远不必担心电池耗尽)反映了设备电池性能的优势，与上下文的内容相符。故选E。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Beijing Roast Duck，also known 1. Peking Duck，is one of the Chinese dishes that have gained 2. (popular) across the globe.The duck meat is served wrapped in Mandarin pancakes.It’s 3. (true) delicious for the taste buds(味蕾)．
Originating in China’s royal palace more than 7 centuries ago，Beijing Roast Duck 4.___________(appoint) as one of the national dishes for the reception of foreign 5. (guest) by Premier Zhou Enlai in the 1970s.Now it is highly praised by heads of government officials，and domestic and foreign tourists.
An authentic Beijing duck can take up to three days 6. (prepare)．It is 7.____________intensely complex process with many requirements.The duck must be of the white Beijing variety and of superior quality，a “force-fed duck” that 8. (weigh) about three kilograms.
The manner of serving and eating Beijing duck is unique.The chef presents you the whole duck before taking it away for slicing,9. slicing it in front of your table.Each slice is very thin,10. (contain) both meat and skin.When eating the duck，you should first take a pancake in one hand.Then with your chopsticks pick up a slice of duck and dip it into the sauce(酱) before putting it on the pancake.Next，add some cucumber and green onion.Finally，roll up the pancake.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京烤鸭。
答案　1.as　2.popularity　3.truly　4.was appointed　5.guests　6.to prepare　7.an　8.weighs　9.or　10.containing
解析　1.考查介词。be known as以……著称。故填as。
2.考查名词。此处为动词gained的宾语，所以需要名词形式，且为不可数名词，故填popularity。
3.考查副词。此处为副词作状语，修饰形容词delicious。故填truly。
4.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in the 1970s，所以用过去时态；根据句意，主语Beijing Roast Duck与appoint之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态；主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was appointed。
5.考查名词的数。外宾不止一人，guest可数，所以用复数。故填guests。
6.考查非谓语动词。此处为take some time to do结构，表示“做某事需要多长时间”。故填to prepare。
7.考查冠词。这里表示“这是一个非常复杂的过程”，所以用不定冠词，intensely 发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
8.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时态，关系词that指代的a “force-fed duck”是单数，that在从句中作主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填weighs。
9.考查连词。此处表示两种不同方式的选择，所以用连词or。故填or。
10.考查非谓语动词。动词contain与它的逻辑主语Each slice为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填containing。

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