资源简介

(共92张PPT)
Period 4
Using Language
Science fiction
Unit 1
内容索引
Step 1　课文深度理解
Step 2　语言知识梳理
Step 3　基础达标检测
作业4
课文深度理解
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
a last check
pushed
faster
backwards
thousands
of
Ⅱ.Skim the whole text to find out the main idea.
The text mainly talks about _______________________________________
_____________.
a Time Traveller’s experience through the Time Machine
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.How did the Time Traveller first know he had travelled through time
A.His niece told him.
B.The Time Machine told him.
C.The lab remained exactly as before.
D.He realized it from the clock on the wall.
√
2.What happened to the Time Traveller’s niece
A.She moved like a rocket in the lab.
B.She came to help the Time Traveller.
C.She saw the Time Traveller travel in the time machine.
D.She was looking for something in the lab for a little while.
√
3.Why did the Time Traveller feel strange and unpleasant during the time travel
A.He suffered from the time lag.
B.He had serious time-travel sickness.
C.The Time Machine had been poorly designed.
D.He was travelling through time at such a high speed.
√
4.Why was the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine
A.Because he would lose control of the machine.
B.Because the machine would explode as a bomb.
C.Because the machine was so fast that he couldn’t stop it.
D.Because the same room might be used by other things and they would
all explode.
√
5.What did the Time Traveller meet when he stopped
A.A storm. B.A volcano.
C.A dinosaur. D.A bomb explosion.
√
6.What order is the passage organized in
A.Time. B.Events.
C.Logic. D.Space.
√
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1.坐在皮椅上
2.环顾四周
3.大约
4.吸一口气
5.好像，仿佛
6.关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
7.再三地；反复地
8.感觉像；想要
_________________________
___________
_____
_____________
____
________
______________
_______
sit oneself in the leather seat
look around
or so
draw a breath
as if
turn out
again and again
feel like
9.(逐渐)减少；消失
10.在户外
11.片刻之后
12.上升；升起
13.有强烈的欲望做某事
14.考虑……的风险
15.只要
16.以最大速度
17.紧挨着；仅次于；几乎
________
_____________
___________
_______
___________________
____________________
_________
_________________
______
in the open air
in moments
rise up
have an urge to do sth
think about the risk of
so long as
fall away
at maximum speed
next to
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling.(P8 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。it是 ，不定式短语to explain...是__________。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
时间旅行带来的陌生感和不适感是难以解释的。
简单
形式主语
真正的主语
2.As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left in the open air.(P8 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。as引导 从句， 连接两个并列主句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁随之坍塌，我置身野外。
复合
时间状语
and
3.The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky，but soon there was division between night and day.(P8 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。并列连词 连接两个分句；as if引导_____从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
太阳和月亮看起来似乎正被抛向天空，但是很快就有了昼夜之分。
并列复合
but
表语
4.The whole surface of the earth was being changed，melting and flowing before my eyes.(P8 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。was being changed是 的被动语态；melting and flowing before my eyes是现在分词短语作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
地球的整个表面都在变化，在我的眼前熔化、流动。
简单
过去进行时
状语
5.But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced together and explode like a bomb！(P9 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。if引导 从句，从句中and连接两个_____句；第二个and连接两个并列谓语 和_________。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
但是，如果我停下来，同一空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被挤在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸！
复合
条件状语
would be forced together
返 回
并列
explode
语言知识梳理
根据；以……的方式(基准)
[教材原句P4]money paid for work or services，typically on a daily or weekly basis 通常每天或每周为工作或服务支付的钱
[北师大版]Friendships are built on the basis of trust，and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to is being honest about who they are.友谊建立在信任的基础上，通过线上交流，你永远不能百分之百地确信与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。
1
on a...basis
·on a regular basis定期地；例行地；有规律地
　on a daily/weekly basis每天/每周
　on the basis of...以……为基础
·base...on/upon...把……置于……基础之上
·be based on/upon...以……为基础/根据
(1)The writer bases the story profound scientific knowledge，and thus it is beyond children’s comprehension.
on/upon
(2)(话题写作之语言学习)我每天读半小时的英文报。以大量的阅读为基础，我极大地提高了我的英语。基于我自己的经历，我呼吁你们所有人定期读英文报。
I read the English newspaper for half an hour _______________.
extensive reading，I have greatly improved my English. my own experience，I call on all of you to read the English newspaper .
写作佳句
on a daily basis
On the basis of
Based on/upon
on a regular basis
adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 n.上级，上司[superiority n.优势；优越(性)；优越感]
2
superior
[教材原句P6]In sci-fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更优秀并占据主导地位。
[译林版]In a successful，stable and productive society，all jobs are equally important and no one is superior to another，so we should not have prejudice against any of them.在一个成功、稳定而有成效的社会里，所有的工作都同等重要，没有哪一份工作优于别的工作，因此我们对任何工作都不应该抱有偏见。
·be superior to比……更好，更胜一筹
　be inferior to比……差/级别低
·be senior to比……年长/职位高
　be junior to比……年龄小/职位低
(1)The boss always treats others with dignity，including people much inferior her.
(2)On the assumption that the products we are now producing have ___________(superior) to our former ones in quality，we are promised a bonus.
to
superiority
(3)(读后续写之片段描写)埃玛盯着那封升职信。现在她的职位比她的同事高，但她不会表现得比任何人都优越。对于那些职位比她低的人，她会提供帮助，而不是命令。她说：“领导力无关地位高低，而是让大家一起变得更强大。”
Emma stared at the promotion letter.Now her position ________
_____________________，but she wouldn’t act ______________
_______.To those who ，she’d offer help，not commands.“Leadership，” she said，“isn’t about being higher or lower—it’s about helping everyone grow stronger together.”
写作佳句
was
senior to her co-workers
superior to
anyone
were junior to her
占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
3
take over
take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take on呈现；雇用；承担
take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take up占据；开始从事；接受
(语段填空)据宣布，他已接管这家公司。他解雇了一些不称职的工人，雇用了许多有能力的工人。另外，作为一个谦逊的人，他吸收其他人的建设性建议。管理这家公司占据了他所有的时间，但是他满怀信心地挑起重担。在所有人的共同努力下，这家公司结果大获成功，他的脸上露出了满意的笑容。
It was declared that he had (1) the company.He dismissed some unqualified workers and (2) many capable ones. Furthermore，being a modest person，he (3) others’ constructive suggestions.Managing the company (4) all his time，but he (5)_______ the burden with great confidence.With joint efforts，it proved that the company (6) and a satisfied smile emerged on his face.
taken over
took on
took in
took up
took on
took off
关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
[教材原句P8]Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。
4
turn out
turn down调低(音量等)；拒绝
turn in上交；交还，退还
turn to求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向
turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn off关闭(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn up调高(音量等)；出现
(1)My best friend turned on time at my birthday party and I was wild with joy.
(2)What annoys the amateur writer is that his son likes turning lights but often forgets to turn them .
up
on
off/out
(3)(应用文写作之求助信)结果我的提议因不符合公司的要求而被拒绝了。因此，我别无选择只能求助于你。你可以帮忙改进我的提议以便我可以在5月28日前再次提交这个提议吗？
It that my proposal didn’t meet the company’s requirements and it got .So I have no choice but to you for some assistance.Could you please help improve my proposal so that I can it again before May 28
写作佳句
turned out
turned down
turn to
turn
in
n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 (urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的 urgency n.紧急；迫切 urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地)
[教材原句P8]I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes！我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前闪现的那些不可思议的东西！
[译林版]As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
5
urge
·have/feel an urge to do sth/for sth有强烈的欲望做某事/要某物
·urge sb to do sth催促某人做某事
　urge that...(should) do sth极力主张/强调……做某事
　It is urged that...(should) do sth.极力主张/强调……做某事。
(1)With an matter emerging，I must break our appointment.(urge)
(2)I have an urge (participate) in the contest to be held in the lecture hall next Friday.
urgent
urgently
to participate
(3)(2025·天津3月，书面表达)我极力主张我们每个人都去参观博物馆，使我们能够开阔视野，获得新的视角，并加深我们对周围世界的理解。
I _____________________________________________________
_____________，allowing us to broaden our horizons，gain new perspectives and deepen our understanding of the world around us.
(4)(话题写作之生活习惯)人们极力主张早睡以便保持身心健康。
so that we can keep physically and mentally healthy.
写作佳句
urge each of us to visit museums/urge that each of us (should) visit museums
It is urged that we (should) go to bed early
6
It is/was...that/who...
[教材原句P8]It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
[结构分析]此句为强调句型，强调时间状语at ten o’clock today。
·强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部
　分。多用于强调句子主语、宾语或状语；
·强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其
　他部分？
·强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句
　子其他部分？
·not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
(1)正是因为杰克上学迟到才使史密斯先生生气。
Mr Smith got annoyed.
(2)妈妈大发雷霆道：“是什么使你与你的同事发生冲突？”
The mother exploded，“ caused you to conflict with your colleague？”
(3)我坚信，正是有你慷慨的帮助，我会很快适应大学生活。
I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life soon.
It was because Jack came late for school that
What was it that
it is with your generous help that
(4)(助人类读后续写升华句)正是我们不经意的善举对我们周围的人产生了重大的影响。
It is our random act of kindness ___________________________________
_________.
(5)(亲情类读后续写升华句)I didn’t realize the significance of family until I went through hardships.(用强调句型改写)
→____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
that makes a great difference to those
around us
It was not until I went through hardships that I realized the significance of family.
7
as if引导方式状语从句
[教材原句P8]Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。
[结构分析]此句为并列复合句。as if相当于as though，意为“仿佛，好像”，引导方式状语从句，并列连词and后面的分句是完全倒装句。
as if/though可引导方式状语从句和表语从句。
as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态：
as if/though
陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
虚拟语气
(不真实或
不可能发
生的情况)
与现在情况相反：did
与过去情况相反：had done
与将来情况相反：would/might/
could＋do
(1)天空乌云密布，看起来好像要下雨了。
With dark clouds in the sky，it looks as if .
(2)我有一种坠落的感觉，仿佛我在梦中。
I had a sensation of falling，as if .
(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)感觉到有一只狼在追我，我觉得我的心都停止了跳动，我的血液都凝固了。
Sensing a wolf chasing after me，I felt as if _________________________
___________________.
it is going to rain
I were in a dream
my heart had stopped and
my blood had frozen
(4)(读后续写之动作描写)眼含泪水，他眉头紧锁，张开嘴，好像要说些什么。
Eyes filled with tears，he frowned and opened his mouth as if _________
_____________.
返 回
he would
say something
基础达标检测
1.(2023·全国乙)As it turned out，Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians.
2.The chairman stood up and began to pace up and down.
3.He inched his way through the narrow passage.
4.I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.
5.Then came a rumour that all the staff would resign if Jack wasn’t dismissed，which made Jeremy explode with anger.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
______
____________________
_____________________
______
________________
结果是
vi.来回踱步；走来走去
vt.(使朝某方向)谨慎移动
n.除法
vi.(感情)突然爆发
1.Instantly the chairwoman witnessed the moving scene，her vision became (模糊不清的) with tears.
2.My niece bought a large number of (手帕) in the store.
3.The carpenter picked up a steel nail at and hit it into the table.
4.The salesman turned up the volume of his speaker to the to attract customers.
5.It takes a lot of to make leather coats and that is why they are expensive.
Ⅱ.单词拼写
blurred
handkerchiefs
random
maximum
labour
1.I intend to teach my daughter two nursery rhymes a weekly basis.
2.As a science student，I never felt an urge (appreciate) any literary works.
3.I strongly suggest that such an absurd idea (desert) right away.
4.I recited the long article perfectly and an (explode) of applause came out of my classmates.
5.It is because his words correspond with his actions he gains popularity.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
on
to appreciate
(should) be deserted
explosion
that
6.I had butterflies in my stomach and I felt as if the world (be) at an end.
7.It is declared that reading paper books is superior reading e-books in many ways.
8.They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same (calculate).
9.He had a prejudice against me and as a consequence，we conflicted _____ each other.
were
to
calculation(s)
with
Having checked the Time Machine for the last time，I would start my 1. (one) time travel.I 2. (seat) in the leather seat and pushed the starting lever forwards 3. inch then 4.____________
(immediate) backwards again,5. it seemed that nothing had happened.I 6. (grip) the lever and pushed it forwards and then I knew I was on the time travel because my niece entered the laboratory 7.________(fetch) something without seeing me.Night came as if a lamp was being turned out.The reason 8. it was hard to explain my strange and unpleasant feeling was that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
first
was seated
an
immediately
but/yet
gripped
to fetch
why
With my pace 9. (grow) faster，the walls of the lab fell away and I was left in the open air.I saw huge 10. (building) rise up，and then disappear like in a dream.When the machine stopped，I was thrown through the air and sat in the rain in some mud.
growing
buildings
返 回
作业4
1.My niece (环顾四周) but could find nothing，which made her in low spirits.
2.The chairwoman (吸一口气) and then stepped onto the platform with a smile on her face.
3.It (结果是) that he was dismissed from his position as a result of making ridiculous mistakes.
4.It was such a fine day and I (想要) sowing sunflower seeds in my small garden.
5. (只要) you work hard，you can win first prize in the coming contest.
Ⅰ.短语填空
looked around
drew a breath
turned out
felt like
So long as
1.随着技术的发展，一种新型的家用机器人已经问世，并将很快进行测试。(as引导时间状语从句)
，a new type of household robot has been created，which will be tested out soon.
2.这类机器人可能会让一些人感到惊恐，因为它们看起来就像是真人。(as if)
The robots may make some people alarmed，for they look ____________
____________.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——家用机器人
As technology develops
as if they were
real humans
3.如果我们得当地使用机器人，它们可以做饭、清洁窗户、照顾好老人和病人。(if引导条件状语从句)
，they can cook，clean windows，and take good care of the elderly and the sick.
4.我坚信这款家用机器人如此出色，会让你产生想要拥有的冲动。(强调句型)
I hold the firm belief that _________________________________________
_______________.
If we use the robots appropriately
it is such a wonderful household robot that you
have an urge for
5.在不久的将来，机器人有可能进入普通人的家中。(it作形式主语)
in the near future.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
It is possible for robots to enter the house of ordinary people
A
Robots have long been drawing inspiration from animals，with the creation of robot dogs or snake-shaped robots.And yet，the field of robotics is far less enthusiastic about the other kind of living things—plants.Barbara Mazzolai，an Italian roboticist，
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Mazzolai博士和她的团队最近推出了一款名为“FiloBot”的基于攀缘植物的机器人。Mazzolai博士希望这样的项目能激励其他机器人专家从植物中获得灵感，开发出全新的技术。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
owes this to a misconception about plant behaviour：that they cannot move or think.“It’s not true at all，” she says.To challenge this view，Dr Mazzolai and her team recently launched a machine called “FiloBot”，a robot based on a climbing species.
To survive，a climbing plant must switch between several different behaviours.In forest environments，it must first grow out of the soil and travel along the ground in search of a support to hold onto，such as a nearby tree.Once a support is located，though，the plant fixes itself around the object and then growing towards the light.To choose the best angle to grow upwards，a climbing plant uses its shoots(芽) to receive information about light and gravity.
FiloBot has sensors on its main shoot.It can 3D-print its body with plastic and grow at a controllable rate.These functions，researchers found，enabled FiloBot to cross gaps，and find things to attach to.The lack of heavy on-board computing device means that it is light and requires minimal care，while its slow pace means that it doesn’t disturb things around it，making it possible to move through a complex，unseen environment，or monitoring disaster sites.
For now，FiloBot is still being tested.Its tendrils(卷须) have not left the laboratory.Still，it has already been employed in deconstructing plant behaviour.For example，it was long assumed that climbing plants find their supports by growing towards shade，though the exact mechanism was unclear.FiloBot could imitate this behaviour by detecting far-red light，which is typical of shaded areas，providing clues to how plants do it.
Dr Mazzolai hopes that such projects will inspire other roboticists to take their cues from plants and develop completely new technologies.
1.What does the misconception about plants in the field of robotics focus on
A.Their shapes. B.Their diversity.
C.Their body language. D.Their capabilities.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Barbara Mazzolai，an Italian roboticist，owes this to a misconception about plant behaviour：that they cannot move or think.”可知，人们对植物行为有一种误解：它们不能移动或思考。也就是说，机器人领域对植物的误解集中在它们的能力。故选D。
解析
2.What is an advantage of FiloBot
A.It moves quickly.
B.It has a solid metal body.
C.It adapts to different environments.
D.It is attached to huge computers.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段中“making it possible to move through a complex，unseen environment，or monitoring disaster sites”可知，FiloBot的优势是它适应不同的环境。故选C。
解析
3.What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A.The limitations of FiloBot.
B.The current use of FiloBot.
C.The components of FiloBot.
D.The unique feature of FiloBot’s design.
√
段落大意题。根据第四段第一句可知，目前，FiloBot仍在实验室测试中。后面举例说明尽管如此，它已经被用于解构植物的行为，例如FiloBot可以通过探测远红光来模仿攀缘植物向阴凉处生长这种行为。故第四段的主要内容是FiloBot当前的使用情况。故选B。
解析
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for this text
A.A Role Model for Robotics Research
B.A Glimpse into the World of Robotics
C.A Plant-Inspired Innovation in Robotics
D.A Misunderstanding of the Plant Kingdom
√
标题归纳题。根据文章大意以及第一段末句“To challenge this view，Dr Mazzolai and her team recently launched a machine called ‘FiloBot’，a robot based on a climbing species.”和最后一段“Dr Mazzolai hopes that such projects will inspire other roboticists to take their cues from plants and develop completely new technologies.”可知，文章主要讲的是Mazzolai博士和她的团队最近推出了一款名为“FiloBot”的基于攀缘植物的机器人。Mazzolai博士希望这样的项目能激励其他机器人专家从植物中获得灵感，开发出全新的技术。由此可知，C项“一个受植物启发的机器人创新项目”适合作本文标题。故选C。
解析
B(此篇精读)
Without ready access to a time machine，researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) have built an AI-powered chatbot that simulates(模拟) a user’s older self and dishes out① observations② and wisdom.It has the potential to significantly impact how people make decisions today with their future well-being in mind.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了麻省理工学院(MIT)研究人员开发的一款基于人工智能(AI)的聊天机器人，这款聊天机器人能够模拟用户与未来的自己对话，并给出评论和传授智慧。
To interact with the chatbot，users are first asked to answer a series of questions about themselves，their friends and family，the past experiences that shaped them，and the ideal life they envision for the future.They then upload a portrait image，which the program digitally ages to produce a likeness③ of the user aged 60.
Next，the program feeds information from the user’s answers into④ a large language model that generates rich synthetic(合成的) memories for the simulated older self.This ensures that when the chatbot responds to questions，it draws on a relevant backstory.
The final part of the system is the chatbot itself，powered by OpenAI’s GPT-3.5，which introduces itself as a potential older version of the user that is able to talk about its life experiences.
Users are told the “future self” is not a prediction but rather a potential future self.They are encouraged to explore different futures by changing their answers to the questionnaire.
Pataranutaporn，who works on the Future You project at MIT’s Media Lab，has had several conversations with his “future self”，but said the most profound(深远的) was when the chatbot reminded him that his parents would not be around for ever，so he should spend time with them while he could.“The session gave me a perspective that is still impactful to me to this day，” he said.
“From a practical standpoint，the effectiveness will likely depend on how well it can simulate meaningful and relevant conversations，” he added.“If users perceive the chatbot as genuine and insightful⑤，it could significantly influence their behaviour.However，if the interactions feel shallow，the impact might be limited.”
5.What can the “future self” chatbot help its users do
A.Improve their welfare.
B.Inspire wise life choices.
C.Polish their future selves.
D.Get access to a time machine.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段“Without ready access...well-being in mind.”可知，这种聊天机器人可以模拟用户与老年的自己对话，并提供评论和智慧，帮助用户做出明智的生活选择。故选B。
解析
6.What is crucial to the production of an older version of the users
A.Their portrait image.
B.Their memory ability.
C.The information provided.
D.The language model employed.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段“Next，the program feeds information... into...This ensures...a relevant backstory.”可知，该程序将用户回答的信息输入一个大型语言模型，这确保了当聊天机器人回答问题时，它会利用相关的背景故事。在此环节中，用户提供的信息至关重要。故选C。
解析
7.What does the underlined word “session” in paragraph 6 refer to
A.Pataranutaporn’s work at MIT’s Media Lab.
B.The good old days of Pataranutaporn’s parents.
C.The precious time Pataranutaporn spent with his parents.
D.Pataranutaporn’s most profound talk with his “future self”.
√
词义猜测题。根据前文“the most profound(深远的)...while he could”可知，session指的是前文中提到的“最深刻的”一次与“未来的自己”的对话，这次对话给了他一个至今仍然对他有影响力的视角。故选D。
解析
8.How does Pataranutaporn comment on the effectiveness of the chatbot
A.It depends.
B.It doesn’t last long.
C.It will be carefully checked.
D.It will be disastrous.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Pataranutaporn认为，从实际的角度来看，效果可能取决于它能在多大程度上模拟有意义和相关的对话。如果用户认为聊天机器人真诚而有洞察力，它可能会对他们的行为产生重大影响。然而，如果互动感觉很肤浅，那么影响可能是有限的。即聊天机器人的有效性“取决于情况”。故选A。
解析
语境猜词
①dish out ______________
②observation n.____
③likeness n.____
④feed...into... _______________
⑤insightful adj.___________
评论
肖像
把……输入……
有洞察力的
大量提供；分发
The final part of the system is the chatbot itself，powered by OpenAI’s GPT-3.5，which introduces itself as a potential older version of the user that is able to talk about its life experiences.
分析：此句为 句。powered by...为过去分词短语作 ；which引导 从句，先行词为 ，which在从句中作 ；that引导 从句，older version of the user为先行词，that在从句中作 。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
句式分析
复合
后置定语
非限制性定语
chatbot
主语
定语
主语
该系统的最后一部分就是聊天机器人本身，它由 OpenAI 的 GPT-3.5 驱动，这个聊天机器人将自己介绍为用户可能的年长版本，能够谈论自己的生活经历。
It’s natural to compare yourself to others，and even envy them，if you hop on your social media for a few minutes.With just a few clicks，you’re flooded with vacation photos，updates，and ads.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。如果你在社交媒体上花几分钟时间，就会很自然地将自己与他人进行比较，甚至羡慕他们。文章主要教我们如何避免某些触发因素，这样我们就可以不再将自己与他人进行比较。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.Build your self-confidence.
B.Work on improving your abilities.
C.Do you have a positive thought about yourself
D.Consider the advantage that others can bring you.
E.You might be surprised to hear they feel the same way as you.
F.Is there someone who always makes you feel bad about yourself
G.But it doesn’t mean you have to “keep up” to live a content and
meaningful life.
√
1 In this article，we’ll teach you how to avoid certain triggers(触发因素) so you can stop comparing yourself to others.
上文“It’s natural to compare yourself to others，and even envy them，if you hop on your social media for a few minutes.”指出在社交媒体上花几分钟时间，就会很自然地将自己与他人进行比较，下文“In this article，we’ll teach you how to avoid certain triggers(触发因素) so you can stop comparing yourself to others.”指出文章会教你如何避免某些触发因素。由此可知，我们没必要与别人进行比较，G项“但这并不意味着你必须‘跟上’才能过上充实而有意义的生活”符合，故选G。
解析
Identify your triggers and avoid them.To stop comparing yourself to others，pay attention to the people or events that trigger your behavior.Do you feel dissatisfied with your life after looking at high-end goods？ 2 Write down your comparative thoughts as soon as they happen so you can limit your exposure to these situations.
A.Build your self-confidence.
B.Work on improving your abilities.
C.Do you have a positive thought about yourself
D.Consider the advantage that others can bring you.
E.You might be surprised to hear they feel the same way as you.
F.Is there someone who always makes you feel bad about yourself
G.But it doesn’t mean you have to “keep up” to live a content and meaningful life.
√
上文“Do you feel dissatisfied with your life after looking at high-end goods？”举例指出我们可能会出现的比较想法之一，下文“Write down your comparative thoughts as soon as they happen so you can limit your exposure to these situations.”指出出现比较想法该如何做，由此可知，空处承接上文，也应指出我们可能会出现的比较想法，F项“是否有人总是让你对自己感觉不好？”符合，故选F。
解析
Appreciate others instead of envying them. 3 If you have friends who are highly achieving people，you might consider that their networks are full of people who might be able to help you become more successful in your life.Instead of envying their success，be supportive and use their success to your benefit.
A.Build your self-confidence.
B.Work on improving your abilities.
C.Do you have a positive thought about yourself
D.Consider the advantage that others can bring you.
E.You might be surprised to hear they feel the same way as you.
F.Is there someone who always makes you feel bad about yourself
G.But it doesn’t mean you have to “keep up” to live a content and meaningful life.
√
上文“Appreciate others instead of envying them.”指出我们要欣赏别人，空处承接上文，指出该如何欣赏别人，D项“考虑一下别人能给你带来什么好处”符合，故选D。
解析
4 Instead of focusing on your “weaknesses”，reflect on the areas you can improve.Take classes，workshops，or lessons to improve your skills，and don’t be afraid to ask other people for help along the way.By putting yourself first，you can promote your self-confidence and find your place and value.
A.Build your self-confidence.
B.Work on improving your abilities.
C.Do you have a positive thought about yourself
D.Consider the advantage that others can bring you.
E.You might be surprised to hear they feel the same way as you.
F.Is there someone who always makes you feel bad about yourself
G.But it doesn’t mean you have to “keep up” to live a content and meaningful life.
√
由下文“Instead of focusing on your ‘weaknesses’，reflect on the areas you can improve.Take classes，workshops，or lessons to improve your skills，and don’t be afraid to ask other people for help along the way.By putting yourself first，you can promote your self-confidence and find your place and value.”可知，本段主要讲努力提高自己的能力。B项“努力提高自己的能力”符合，故选B。
解析
Talk to a trusted friend or family member.When you habitually compare yourself to others，you can feel even more inadequate or discouraged.Discuss your comparative behavior with a loved one to release any negative beliefs and help you process your emotions. 5
A.Build your self-confidence.
B.Work on improving your abilities.
C.Do you have a positive thought about yourself
D.Consider the advantage that others can bring you.
E.You might be surprised to hear they feel the same way as you.
F.Is there someone who always makes you feel bad about yourself
G.But it doesn’t mean you have to “keep up” to live a content and meaningful life.
√
上文“Discuss your comparative behavior with a loved one to release any negative beliefs and help you process your emotions.”指出与所爱之人讨论你的比较行为，空处承接上文，指出这么做会带来什么样的结果，E项“你可能会惊讶地听到他们和你有同样的感受”符合，故选E。
解析
A Chinese company creates voice recognition software and has 10-plus voice-based Internet and mobile products 1. (cover) the education，communication，music and smart toys industries.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国一家公司开发语音识别软件，并将其应用于教育、通信、音乐和智能玩具等多个领域。同时，该公司还专注于苏州方言的语音合成系统，创建了一个数据库和平台，以促进我国多样化方言的交流和保护。
covering
考查非谓语动词。products与cover之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词作后置定语，故填covering。
解析
Ⅴ.语法填空
The Suzhou dialect is 2. complex language as different districts and counties speak different forms of Suzhou dialects，so there is more than one 3. (pronounce) in Suzhou.
a
2.考查冠词。此处泛指“一种复杂的语言”，故填a。
3.考查名词。此处为“there be”句型，空白处在句子中作主语，使用名词。根据上文的one可知，此处应使用名词单数，故填pronunciation。
解析
pronunciation
This means that the video’s AI voice-over narration requires guidance from dialect coaches 4. (get) the most accurate accent and vocabulary possible.
to get
考查非谓语动词。此处使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to get。
解析
The company also improved its speech synthesis system，After analyzing large amounts of Suzhou dialect data，it produced a soundtrack(配音)，whose indexes(指标) 5. (adjust) according to experts’ suggestions in terms of tone，
were adjusted
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空白处作非限制性定语从句的谓语，从句主语indexes与adjust之间是被动关系，且句子表示的是过去发生的动作，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，故填were adjusted。
解析
intonation，pausing and breathing，to ensure the storyline unfolded in line 6. the historical background and personality features of the characters.
with
考查介词。in line with 是固定短语，意为“与……一致”，故填with。
解析
Making the most of the latest technologies in speech recognition as well as 7. (they) influence in the industry，the company wanted to create both a database and a platform for communication between dialect speakers and organizations promoting the 8. (variety) dialects of China.
their
7.考查代词。此处在句子中作定语，应使用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
8.考查形容词。此处需要形容词修饰名词dialects，varied或various均有“各种各样的”含义，故填varied/various。
解析
varied/various
It has built an Internet platform and a smartphone application for users,9._____are willing to protect and promote their own dialects to 10.________(willing) upload their speech.Thanks to their participation,23 dialects have been included in the company’s project.
who
9.考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是users，指人，因空白处在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导定语从句，故填who。
10.考查副词。此处需要用副词修饰动词upload，故填willingly。
解析
willingly
返 回
本课结束Period 4　Using Language
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
Ⅱ.Skim the whole text to find out the main idea.
The text mainly talks about a Time Traveller’s experience through the Time Machine.
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．How did the Time Traveller first know he had travelled through time
A．His niece told him.
B．The Time Machine told him.
C．The lab remained exactly as before.
D．He realized it from the clock on the wall.
答案　D
2．What happened to the Time Traveller’s niece
A．She moved like a rocket in the lab.
B．She came to help the Time Traveller.
C．She saw the Time Traveller travel in the time machine.
D．She was looking for something in the lab for a little while.
答案　D
3．Why did the Time Traveller feel strange and unpleasant during the time travel
A．He suffered from the time lag.
B．He had serious time-travel sickness.
C．The Time Machine had been poorly designed.
D．He was travelling through time at such a high speed.
答案　D
4．Why was the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine
A．Because he would lose control of the machine.
B．Because the machine would explode as a bomb.
C．Because the machine was so fast that he couldn’t stop it.
D．Because the same room might be used by other things and they would all explode.
答案　D
5．What did the Time Traveller meet when he stopped
A．A storm. B．A volcano.
C．A dinosaur. D．A bomb explosion.
答案　A
6．What order is the passage organized in
A．Time. B．Events.
C．Logic. D．Space.
答案　A
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1．坐在皮椅上sit oneself in the leather seat
2．环顾四周look around
3．大约or so
4．吸一口气draw a breath
5．好像，仿佛 as if
6．关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是turn out
7．再三地；反复地again and again
8．感觉像；想要feel like
9．(逐渐)减少；消失 fall away
10．在户外in the open air
11．片刻之后in moments
12．上升；升起rise up
13．有强烈的欲望做某事have an urge to do sth
14．考虑……的风险think about the risk of
15．只要so long as
16．以最大速度at maximum speed
17．紧挨着；仅次于；几乎next to
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling.(P8 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是简单句。it是形式主语，不定式短语to explain...是真正的主语。
[汉语翻译] 时间旅行带来的陌生感和不适感是难以解释的。
2．As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left in the open air.(P8 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。as引导时间状语从句，and连接两个并列主句。
[汉语翻译] 我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁随之坍塌，我置身野外。
3．The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky，but soon there was division between night and day.(P8 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是并列复合句。并列连词but连接两个分句；as if引导表语从句。
[汉语翻译] 太阳和月亮看起来似乎正被抛向天空，但是很快就有了昼夜之分。
4．The whole surface of the earth was being changed，melting and flowing before my eyes.(P8 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是简单句。was being changed是过去进行时的被动语态；melting and flowing before my eyes是现在分词短语作状语。
[汉语翻译] 地球的整个表面都在变化，在我的眼前熔化、流动。
5．But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced together and explode like a bomb！(P9 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。if引导条件状语从句，从句中and连接两个并列句；第二个and连接两个并列谓语would be forced together和explode。
[汉语翻译] 但是，如果我停下来，同一空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被挤在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸！
on a．..basis 根据；以……的方式(基准)
[教材原句P4]money paid for work or services，typically on a daily or weekly basis 通常每天或每周为工作或服务支付的钱
[北师大版]Friendships are built on the basis of trust，and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to is being honest about who they are.友谊建立在信任的基础上，通过线上交流，你永远不能百分之百地确信与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。
·on a regular basis定期地；例行地；有规律地 on a daily/weekly basis每天/每周 on the basis of...以……为基础 ·base...on/upon...把……置于……基础之上 ·be based on/upon...以……为基础/根据
(1)The writer bases the story on/upon profound scientific knowledge，and thus it is beyond children’s comprehension.
[写作佳句]
(2)(话题写作之语言学习)我每天读半小时的英文报。以大量的阅读为基础，我极大地提高了我的英语。基于我自己的经历，我呼吁你们所有人定期读英文报。
I read the English newspaper for half an hour on a daily basis.On the basis of extensive reading，I have greatly improved my English.Based on/upon my own experience，I call on all of you to read the English newspaper on a regular basis.
superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 n．上级，上司[superiority n．优势；优越(性)；优越感]
[教材原句P6]In sci-fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更优秀并占据主导地位。
[译林版]In a successful，stable and productive society，all jobs are equally important and no one is superior to another，so we should not have prejudice against any of them.在一个成功、稳定而有成效的社会里，所有的工作都同等重要，没有哪一份工作优于别的工作，因此我们对任何工作都不应该抱有偏见。
·be superior to比……更好，更胜一筹 be inferior to比……差/级别低 ·be senior to比……年长/职位高 be junior to比……年龄小/职位低
(1)The boss always treats others with dignity，including people much inferior to her.
(2)On the assumption that the products we are now producing have superiority(superior) to our former ones in quality，we are promised a bonus.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之片段描写)埃玛盯着那封升职信。现在她的职位比她的同事高，但她不会表现得比任何人都优越。对于那些职位比她低的人，她会提供帮助，而不是命令。她说：“领导力无关地位高低，而是让大家一起变得更强大。”
Emma stared at the promotion letter.Now her position was senior to her co-workers，but she wouldn’t act superior to anyone.To those who were junior to her，she’d offer help，not commands.“Leadership，” she said，“isn’t about being higher or lower—it’s about helping everyone grow stronger together.”
take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 take on呈现；雇用；承担 take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 take up占据；开始从事；接受
　　(语段填空)据宣布，他已接管这家公司。他解雇了一些不称职的工人，雇用了许多有能力的工人。另外，作为一个谦逊的人，他吸收其他人的建设性建议。管理这家公司占据了他所有的时间，但是他满怀信心地挑起重担。在所有人的共同努力下，这家公司结果大获成功，他的脸上露出了满意的笑容。
It was declared that he had (1)taken over the company.He dismissed some unqualified workers and (2)took on many capable ones.Furthermore，being a modest person，he (3)took in others’ constructive suggestions.Managing the company (4)took up all his time，but he (5)took on the burden with great confidence.With joint efforts，it proved that the company (6)took off and a satisfied smile emerged on his face.
turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
[教材原句P8]Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。
turn down调低(音量等)；拒绝 turn in上交；交还，退还 turn to求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向 turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯等) turn off关闭(水、煤气、电灯等) turn up调高(音量等)；出现
(1)My best friend turned up on time at my birthday party and I was wild with joy.
(2)What annoys the amateur writer is that his son likes turning on lights but often forgets to turn them off/out.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之求助信)结果我的提议因不符合公司的要求而被拒绝了。因此，我别无选择只能求助于你。你可以帮忙改进我的提议以便我可以在5月28日前再次提交这个提议吗？
It turned out that my proposal didn’t meet the company’s requirements and it got turned down.So I have no choice but to turn to you for some assistance.Could you please help improve my proposal so that I can turn it in again before May 28
urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 (urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的 urgency n．紧急；迫切 urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地)
[教材原句P8]I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes！我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前闪现的那些不可思议的东西！
[译林版]As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
·have/feel an urge to do sth/for sth有强烈的欲望做某事/要某物 ·urge sb to do sth催促某人做某事 urge that...(should) do sth极力主张/强调……做某事 It is urged that...(should) do sth.极力主张/强调……做某事。
(1)With an urgent matter emerging，I must urgently break our appointment.(urge)
(2)I have an urge to participate(participate) in the contest to be held in the lecture hall next Friday.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2025·天津3月，书面表达)我极力主张我们每个人都去参观博物馆，使我们能够开阔视野，获得新的视角，并加深我们对周围世界的理解。
I urge each of us to visit museums/urge that each of us (should) visit museums，allowing us to broaden our horizons，gain new perspectives and deepen our understanding of the world around us.
(4)(话题写作之生活习惯)人们极力主张早睡以便保持身心健康。
It is urged that we (should) go to bed early so that we can keep physically and mentally healthy.
It is/was...that/who...
[教材原句P8]It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
[结构分析]此句为强调句型，强调时间状语at ten o’clock today。
·强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。多用于强调句子主语、宾语或状语； ·强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ ·强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？ ·not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
(1)正是因为杰克上学迟到才使史密斯先生生气。
It was because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got annoyed.
(2)妈妈大发雷霆道：“是什么使你与你的同事发生冲突？”
The mother exploded，“What was it that caused you to conflict with your colleague？”
(3)我坚信，正是有你慷慨的帮助，我会很快适应大学生活。
I firmly believe that it is with your generous help that I will adapt to the college life soon.
(4)(助人类读后续写升华句)正是我们不经意的善举对我们周围的人产生了重大的影响。
It is our random act of kindness that makes a great difference to those around us.
(5)(亲情类读后续写升华句)I didn’t realize the significance of family until I went through hardships.(用强调句型改写)
→It was not until I went through hardships that I realized the significance of family.
as if引导方式状语从句
[教材原句P8]Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。
[结构分析]此句为并列复合句。as if相当于as though，意为“仿佛，好像”，引导方式状语从句，并列连词and后面的分句是完全倒装句。
as if/though可引导方式状语从句和表语从句。 as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态： as if/though
(1)天空乌云密布，看起来好像要下雨了。
With dark clouds in the sky，it looks as if it is going to rain.
(2)我有一种坠落的感觉，仿佛我在梦中。
I had a sensation of falling，as if I were in a dream.
(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)感觉到有一只狼在追我，我觉得我的心都停止了跳动，我的血液都凝固了。
Sensing a wolf chasing after me，I felt as if my heart had stopped and my blood had frozen.
(4)(读后续写之动作描写)眼含泪水，他眉头紧锁，张开嘴，好像要说些什么。
Eyes filled with tears，he frowned and opened his mouth as if he would say something.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
1．(2023·全国乙)As it turned out，Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians.结果是
2．The chairman stood up and began to pace up and down.vi.来回踱步；走来走去
3．He inched his way through the narrow passage.vt.(使朝某方向)谨慎移动
4．I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.n.除法
5．Then came a rumour that all the staff would resign if Jack wasn’t dismissed，which made Jeremy explode with anger.vi.(感情)突然爆发
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1．Instantly the chairwoman witnessed the moving scene，her vision became blurred(模糊不清的) with tears.
2．My niece bought a large number of handkerchiefs(手帕) in the store.
3．The carpenter picked up a steel nail at random and hit it into the table.
4．The salesman turned up the volume of his speaker to the maximum to attract customers.
5．It takes a lot of labour to make leather coats and that is why they are expensive.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I intend to teach my daughter two nursery rhymes on a weekly basis.
2．As a science student，I never felt an urge to appreciate(appreciate) any literary works.
3．I strongly suggest that such an absurd idea (should) be deserted(desert) right away.
4．I recited the long article perfectly and an explosion(explode) of applause came out of my classmates.
5．It is because his words correspond with his actions that he gains popularity.
6．I had butterflies in my stomach and I felt as if the world were(be) at an end.
7．It is declared that reading paper books is superior to reading e-books in many ways.
8．They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same calculation(s) (calculate)．
9．He had a prejudice against me and as a consequence，we conflicted with each other.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Having checked the Time Machine for the last time，I would start my 1.first(one) time travel.I 2.was seated(seat) in the leather seat and pushed the starting lever forwards 3.an inch then 4.immediately(immediate) backwards again,5.but/yet it seemed that nothing had happened.I 6.gripped(grip) the lever and pushed it forwards and then I knew I was on the time travel because my niece entered the laboratory 7.to fetch(fetch) something without seeing me.Night came as if a lamp was being turned out.The reason 8.why it was hard to explain my strange and unpleasant feeling was that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.With my pace 9.growing(grow) faster，the walls of the lab fell away and I was left in the open air.I saw huge 10.buildings(building) rise up，and then disappear like in a dream.When the machine stopped，I was thrown through the air and sat in the rain in some mud.
作业4
[分值：72.5分]
Ⅰ.短语填空　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．My niece looked around(环顾四周) but could find nothing，which made her in low spirits.
2．The chairwoman drew a breath(吸一口气) and then stepped onto the platform with a smile on her face.
3．It turned out(结果是) that he was dismissed from his position as a result of making ridiculous mistakes.
4．It was such a fine day and I felt like(想要) sowing sunflower seeds in my small garden.
5．So long as(只要) you work hard，you can win first prize in the coming contest.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——家用机器人(满分15分)
1．随着技术的发展，一种新型的家用机器人已经问世，并将很快进行测试。(as引导时间状语从句)
As technology develops，a new type of household robot has been created，which will be tested out soon.
2．这类机器人可能会让一些人感到惊恐，因为它们看起来就像是真人。(as if)
The robots may make some people alarmed，for they look as if they were real humans.
3．如果我们得当地使用机器人，它们可以做饭、清洁窗户、照顾好老人和病人。(if引导条件状语从句)
If we use the robots appropriately，they can cook，clean windows，and take good care of the elderly and the sick.
4．我坚信这款家用机器人如此出色，会让你产生想要拥有的冲动。(强调句型)
I hold the firm belief that it is such a wonderful household robot that you have an urge for.
5．在不久的将来，机器人有可能进入普通人的家中。(it作形式主语)
It is possible for robots to enter the house of ordinary people in the near future.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Robots have long been drawing inspiration from animals，with the creation of robot dogs or snake-shaped robots.And yet，the field of robotics is far less enthusiastic about the other kind of living things—plants.Barbara Mazzolai，an Italian roboticist，owes this to a misconception about plant behaviour：that they cannot move or think.“It’s not true at all，” she says.To challenge this view，Dr Mazzolai and her team recently launched a machine called “FiloBot”，a robot based on a climbing species.
To survive，a climbing plant must switch between several different behaviours.In forest environments，it must first grow out of the soil and travel along the ground in search of a support to hold onto，such as a nearby tree.Once a support is located，though，the plant fixes itself around the object and then growing towards the light.To choose the best angle to grow upwards，a climbing plant uses its shoots(芽) to receive information about light and gravity.
FiloBot has sensors on its main shoot.It can 3D-print its body with plastic and grow at a controllable rate.These functions，researchers found，enabled FiloBot to cross gaps，and find things to attach to.The lack of heavy on-board computing device means that it is light and requires minimal care，while its slow pace means that it doesn’t disturb things around it，making it possible to move through a complex，unseen environment，or monitoring disaster sites.
For now，FiloBot is still being tested.Its tendrils(卷须) have not left the laboratory.Still，it has already been employed in deconstructing plant behaviour.For example，it was long assumed that climbing plants find their supports by growing towards shade，though the exact mechanism was unclear.FiloBot could imitate this behaviour by detecting far-red light，which is typical of shaded areas，providing clues to how plants do it.
Dr Mazzolai hopes that such projects will inspire other roboticists to take their cues from plants and develop completely new technologies.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Mazzolai博士和她的团队最近推出了一款名为“FiloBot”的基于攀缘植物的机器人。Mazzolai博士希望这样的项目能激励其他机器人专家从植物中获得灵感，开发出全新的技术。
1．What does the misconception about plants in the field of robotics focus on
A．Their shapes. B．Their diversity.
C．Their body language. D．Their capabilities.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Barbara Mazzolai，an Italian roboticist，owes this to a misconception about plant behaviour：that they cannot move or think.”可知，人们对植物行为有一种误解：它们不能移动或思考。也就是说，机器人领域对植物的误解集中在它们的能力。故选D。
2．What is an advantage of FiloBot
A．It moves quickly.
B．It has a solid metal body.
C．It adapts to different environments.
D．It is attached to huge computers.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“making it possible to move through a complex，unseen environment，or monitoring disaster sites”可知，FiloBot的优势是它适应不同的环境。故选C。
3．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The limitations of FiloBot.
B．The current use of FiloBot.
C．The components of FiloBot.
D．The unique feature of FiloBot’s design.
答案　B
解析　段落大意题。根据第四段第一句可知，目前，FiloBot仍在实验室测试中。后面举例说明尽管如此，它已经被用于解构植物的行为，例如FiloBot可以通过探测远红光来模仿攀缘植物向阴凉处生长这种行为。故第四段的主要内容是FiloBot当前的使用情况。故选B。
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for this text
A．A Role Model for Robotics Research
B．A Glimpse into the World of Robotics
C．A Plant-Inspired Innovation in Robotics
D．A Misunderstanding of the Plant Kingdom
答案　C
解析　标题归纳题。根据文章大意以及第一段末句“To challenge this view，Dr Mazzolai and her team recently launched a machine called ‘FiloBot’，a robot based on a climbing species.”和最后一段“Dr Mazzolai hopes that such projects will inspire other roboticists to take their cues from plants and develop completely new technologies.”可知，文章主要讲的是Mazzolai博士和她的团队最近推出了一款名为“FiloBot”的基于攀缘植物的机器人。Mazzolai博士希望这样的项目能激励其他机器人专家从植物中获得灵感，开发出全新的技术。由此可知，C项“一个受植物启发的机器人创新项目”适合作本文标题。故选C。
B(此篇精读)
Without ready access to a time machine，researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) have built an AI-powered chatbot that simulates(模拟) a user’s older self and dishes out① observations② and wisdom.It has the potential to significantly impact how people make decisions today with their future well-being in mind.
To interact with the chatbot，users are first asked to answer a series of questions about themselves，their friends and family，the past experiences that shaped them，and the ideal life they envision for the future.They then upload a portrait image，which the program digitally ages to produce a likeness③ of the user aged 60.
Next，the program feeds information from the user’s answers into④ a large language model that generates rich synthetic(合成的) memories for the simulated older self.This ensures that when the chatbot responds to questions，it draws on a relevant backstory.
The final part of the system is the chatbot itself，powered by OpenAI’s GPT-3.5，which introduces itself as a potential older version of the user that is able to talk about its life experiences.
Users are told the “future self” is not a prediction but rather a potential future self.They are encouraged to explore different futures by changing their answers to the questionnaire.
Pataranutaporn，who works on the Future You project at MIT’s Media Lab，has had several conversations with his “future self”，but said the most profound(深远的) was when the chatbot reminded him that his parents would not be around for ever，so he should spend time with them while he could.“The session gave me a perspective that is still impactful to me to this day，” he said.
“From a practical standpoint，the effectiveness will likely depend on how well it can simulate meaningful and relevant conversations，” he added.“If users perceive the chatbot as genuine and insightful⑤，it could significantly influence their behaviour.However，if the interactions feel shallow，the impact might be limited.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了麻省理工学院 MIT 研究人员开发的一款基于人工智能 AI 的聊天机器人，这款聊天机器人能够模拟用户与未来的自己对话，并给出评论和传授智慧。
5．What can the “future self” chatbot help its users do
A．Improve their welfare.
B．Inspire wise life choices.
C．Polish their future selves.
D．Get access to a time machine.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“Without ready access...well-being in mind.”可知，这种聊天机器人可以模拟用户与老年的自己对话，并提供评论和智慧，帮助用户做出明智的生活选择。故选B。
6．What is crucial to the production of an older version of the users
A．Their portrait image.
B．Their memory ability.
C．The information provided.
D．The language model employed.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段“Next，the program feeds information...into...This ensures...a relevant backstory.”可知，该程序将用户回答的信息输入一个大型语言模型，这确保了当聊天机器人回答问题时，它会利用相关的背景故事。在此环节中，用户提供的信息至关重要。故选C。
7．What does the underlined word “session” in paragraph 6 refer to
A．Pataranutaporn’s work at MIT’s Media Lab.
B．The good old days of Pataranutaporn’s parents.
C．The precious time Pataranutaporn spent with his parents.
D．Pataranutaporn’s most profound talk with his “future self”．
答案　D
解析　词义猜测题。根据前文“the most profound(深远的)．..while he could”可知，session指的是前文中提到的“最深刻的”一次与“未来的自己”的对话，这次对话给了他一个至今仍然对他有影响力的视角。故选D。
8．How does Pataranutaporn comment on the effectiveness of the chatbot
A．It depends.
B．It doesn’t last long.
C．It will be carefully checked.
D．It will be disastrous.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Pataranutaporn认为，从实际的角度来看，效果可能取决于它能在多大程度上模拟有意义和相关的对话。如果用户认为聊天机器人真诚而有洞察力，它可能会对他们的行为产生重大影响。然而，如果互动感觉很肤浅，那么影响可能是有限的。即聊天机器人的有效性“取决于情况”。故选A。
[语境猜词]
①dish out大量提供；分发
②observation n．评论
③likeness n．肖像
④feed...into...把……输入……
⑤insightful adj.有洞察力的
[句式分析]
The final part of the system is the chatbot itself，powered by OpenAI’s GPT-3.5，which introduces itself as a potential older version of the user that is able to talk about its life experiences.
分析：此句为复合句。powered by...为过去分词短语作后置定语；which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为chatbot，which在从句中作主语；that引导定语从句，older version of the user为先行词，that在从句中作主语。
翻译：该系统的最后一部分就是聊天机器人本身，它由 OpenAI 的 GPT-3.5 驱动，这个聊天机器人将自己介绍为用户可能的年长版本，能够谈论自己的生活经历。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
It’s natural to compare yourself to others，and even envy them，if you hop on your social media for a few minutes.With just a few clicks，you’re flooded with vacation photos，updates，and ads. 1 In this article，we’ll teach you how to avoid certain triggers(触发因素) so you can stop comparing yourself to others.
Identify your triggers and avoid them.To stop comparing yourself to others，pay attention to the people or events that trigger your behavior.Do you feel dissatisfied with your life after looking at high-end goods？ 2 Write down your comparative thoughts as soon as they happen so you can limit your exposure to these situations.
Appreciate others instead of envying them. 3 If you have friends who are highly achieving people，you might consider that their networks are full of people who might be able to help you become more successful in your life.Instead of envying their success，be supportive and use their success to your benefit.
4 Instead of focusing on your “weaknesses”，reflect on the areas you can improve.Take classes，workshops，or lessons to improve your skills，and don’t be afraid to ask other people for help along the way.By putting yourself first，you can promote your self-confidence and find your place and value.
Talk to a trusted friend or family member.When you habitually compare yourself to others，you can feel even more inadequate or discouraged.Discuss your comparative behavior with a loved one to release any negative beliefs and help you process your emotions. 5
A．Build your self-confidence.
B．Work on improving your abilities.
C．Do you have a positive thought about yourself
D．Consider the advantage that others can bring you.
E．You might be surprised to hear they feel the same way as you.
F．Is there someone who always makes you feel bad about yourself
G．But it doesn’t mean you have to “keep up” to live a content and meaningful life.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。如果你在社交媒体上花几分钟时间，就会很自然地将自己与他人进行比较，甚至羡慕他们。文章主要教我们如何避免某些触发因素，这样我们就可以不再将自己与他人进行比较。
1．答案　G
解析　上文“It’s natural to compare yourself to others，and even envy them，if you hop on your social media for a few minutes.”指出在社交媒体上花几分钟时间，就会很自然地将自己与他人进行比较，下文“In this article，we’ll teach you how to avoid certain triggers(触发因素) so you can stop comparing yourself to others.”指出文章会教你如何避免某些触发因素。由此可知，我们没必要与别人进行比较，G项“但这并不意味着你必须‘跟上’才能过上充实而有意义的生活”符合，故选G。
2．答案　F
解析　上文“Do you feel dissatisfied with your life after looking at high-end goods？”举例指出我们可能会出现的比较想法之一，下文“Write down your comparative thoughts as soon as they happen so you can limit your exposure to these situations.”指出出现比较想法该如何做，由此可知，空处承接上文，也应指出我们可能会出现的比较想法，F项“是否有人总是让你对自己感觉不好？”符合，故选F。
3．答案　D
解析　上文“Appreciate others instead of envying them.”指出我们要欣赏别人，空处承接上文，指出该如何欣赏别人，D项“考虑一下别人能给你带来什么好处”符合，故选D。
4．答案　B
解析　由下文“Instead of focusing on your ‘weaknesses’，reflect on the areas you can improve.Take classes，workshops，or lessons to improve your skills，and don’t be afraid to ask other people for help along the way.By putting yourself first，you can promote your self-confidence and find your place and value.”可知，本段主要讲努力提高自己的能力。B项“努力提高自己的能力”符合，故选B。
5．答案　E
解析　上文“Discuss your comparative behavior with a loved one to release any negative beliefs and help you process your emotions.”指出与所爱之人讨论你的比较行为，空处承接上文，指出这么做会带来什么样的结果，E项“你可能会惊讶地听到他们和你有同样的感受”符合，故选E。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A Chinese company creates voice recognition software and has 10-plus voice-based Internet and mobile products 1. (cover) the education，communication，music and smart toys industries.
The Suzhou dialect is 2. complex language as different districts and counties speak different forms of Suzhou dialects，so there is more than one 3. (pronounce) in Suzhou.This means that the video’s AI voice-over narration requires guidance from dialect coaches 4. (get) the most accurate accent and vocabulary possible.
The company also improved its speech synthesis system，After analyzing large amounts of Suzhou dialect data，it produced a soundtrack(配音)，whose indexes(指标) 5. (adjust) according to experts’ suggestions in terms of tone，intonation，pausing and breathing，to ensure the storyline unfolded in line 6. the historical background and personality features of the characters.
Making the most of the latest technologies in speech recognition as well as 7. (they) influence in the industry，the company wanted to create both a database and a platform for communication between dialect speakers and organizations promoting the 8. (variety) dialects of China.It has built an Internet platform and a smartphone application for users,9.____________are willing to protect and promote their own dialects to 10. (willing) upload their speech.Thanks to their participation,23 dialects have been included in the company’s project.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国一家公司开发语音识别软件，并将其应用于教育、通信、音乐和智能玩具等多个领域。同时，该公司还专注于苏州方言的语音合成系统，创建了一个数据库和平台，以促进我国多样化方言的交流和保护。
答案　1.covering　2.a　3.pronunciation　4.to get　5.were adjusted　6.with　7.their　8.varied/various　9.who　10.willingly
解析　1.考查非谓语动词。products与cover之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词作后置定语，故填covering。
2.考查冠词。此处泛指“一种复杂的语言”，故填a。
3.考查名词。此处为“there be”句型，空白处在句子中作主语，使用名词。根据上文的one可知，此处应使用名词单数，故填pronunciation。
4.考查非谓语动词。此处使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to get。
5.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空白处作非限制性定语从句的谓语，从句主语indexes与adjust之间是被动关系，且句子表示的是过去发生的动作，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，故填were adjusted。
6.考查介词。in line with 是固定短语，意为“与……一致”，故填with。
7.考查代词。此处在句子中作定语，应使用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
8.考查形容词。此处需要形容词修饰名词dialects，varied或various均有“各种各样的”含义，故填varied/various。
9.考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是users，指人，因空白处在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导定语从句，故填who。
10.考查副词。此处需要用副词修饰动词upload，故填willingly。

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