资源简介

(共73张PPT)
Period 2
Learning About Language
Sharing
Unit 4
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
达标检测
作业2
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分并完成练习
When I was ①in my primary school，I ②had an opportunity to appreciate a music festival in my school.That was the first time I had watched ③a live musical performance.I felt ④quite happy.
I asked my parents to allow me to ⑤take up a piano lesson for beginners.In the beginning，it was ⑥rather difficult to read the notes.However，it did not demoralize(使泄气) me.I spent most of my leisure hours practicing the piano ⑦very hard.Although my fingers were painful，I felt satisfied when I could play a piece of music completely.
Even though I do not pursue it as ⑧my life career，I will still ⑨continue learning and playing the piano as my hobby.It is simply because music is the best medication for my soul.
英语短语是具有实际意义的一个重要单位，分为动词短语、介词短语、名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语等。其中 是介词短语； 是动词短语； 是名词短语； 是形容词短语； 是副词短语。
返 回
①
②⑤⑨
③⑧
④⑥
⑦
语法精讲
复习短语
一、概念
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式结构角度划分，英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似，比如，名词短语与名词功能相似，在句中主要充当主语、宾语；介词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。例如：
He failed to get first prize in the match.
在这个句子中first prize是名词短语，in the match是介词短语。
二、几类短语的具体用法
1.名词短语(NP)
many good students许多优秀的学生
his beautiful wife他的美丽的妻子
the best answer最佳答案
those sweet roses那些芬芳的玫瑰
Many people have been reported to be infected by the virus globally.(作主语和宾语)
报告称全球已有很多人感染了这种病毒。
Many people including doctors，nurses and scientists are real heroes.(作表语)
包括医生、护士和科学家在内的很多人都是真正的英雄。
[即时训练1]　完成句子
①幸运的是，已经立即采取了大量措施来确保人们的安全。
Luckily， have been taken to ensure people’s safety straight away.
②在春天，这个城市提供各种特殊的文化活动。
During the spring，the city provides .
a great number of measures
a variety of special cultural events
2.动词短语(VP)
构成 例词
动词＋v.-ing/to do/普通名词 enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事 finish doing sth做完某事 want to do sth想要做某事 plan to do sth计划做某事 drink wine 喝酒 walk the dog 遛狗
连系动词(be/feel/ like...)＋形容词/ v.-ed＋介词 be open to 对……开放be interested in 对……感兴趣 be/get used to doing 习惯于做……
动词＋副词 fade away逐渐消失 look back回顾 break down出故障 turn up出现
构成 例词
动词＋介词 bring about引起 look into调查 get over克服 insist on坚持
动词＋副词＋介词 add up to总计 keep away from不靠近 look down on轻视 keep up with赶上
动词＋宾语＋介词 spend...on...把……花在……上 pay...for...花……买…… catch sight of看见，瞥见 make use of利用 pay attention to注意 make sense of理解
I plan to visit the Terracotta Army in Xi’an this summer holiday together with my close friends.我计划这个暑假和我的好朋友一起去西安参观兵马俑。
Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.无线网络在灾难中瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用。
You look well.The air and the seafood in Sanya must agree with you，I suppose.
你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。
He will have to find another job，for he can’t put up with this loud noise any more.他必须找其他工作，因为他再也无法忍受这么大的噪声。
[即时训练2]　完成句子
①一旦我下定决心，就没有什么能让我改变主意。
Once I ，nothing could be done to .
②与此同时，她的父母担心她的生命和安全。
At the same time，her parents her life and safety.
③直到我经历了真正的困难，我才意识到我对家人的爱是重要的。
Not until I the real hardship was I aware of the love I have for my families is significant.
made up my mind
change my mind
were concerned/worried about
went through
④我们应该利用一切机会练习英语，以便我们最终能熟练掌握它。
We should every chance to practise English in order that we can finally it.
make use of/take advantage of
have a good command/knowledge of
3.形容词/副词短语(AdjP/AdvP)
too short/young/tired...to...太矮/年轻/累……而不能……
old/tall/strong/...enough to...年龄足够大/足够高/足够强壮/……而能够……
as soon as possible尽快
as carefully as I can我尽可能小心/认真
as big as...和……一样大
not as/so old as...不如……年龄大
much better than...比……好得多
even more beautiful than...甚至比……更漂亮
shorter and shorter越来越短
the more，the better越多越好
more and more careful越来越小心
[即时训练3]　完成句子
①我的同桌也参加了比赛。
My deskmate participated in the match .
②我叔叔不到20岁就开始从事文物保护工作。
My uncle got down to preserving cultural relics at 20.
③换句话说，反复地重复游戏可以教会你如何玩游戏并玩得更好。
In other words，repeating a game teaches you how to play the game and get better at it.
as well
less than
over and over again
4.介词短语(PrepP)
介词短语是介词和其他代词或名词或词组搭配构成的短语。在句中作状语、表语、补语、定语等。
构成 例词
介词＋名词 at the door，into the bag
介词＋代词 for me，of others
介词＋介词短语 from across the street，until after dinner
介词＋副词 from below
with复合结构 with the light on
The world’s population is likely to peak at 9.7 billion in 2064.(作状语)
世界人口可能会在2064年达到97亿的峰值。
Thanks to his efforts in epidemic prevention and control，our neighborhood has been in a good state.(作定语，作表语)
多亏他在流行病防控方面做的努力，我们社区的状况才一直良好。
[即时训练4]　完成句子
①我喜欢音乐，尤其是乡村音乐。
I am fond of music，country music .
②在智能手机的帮助下，我们不仅可以与他人取得联系，还可以解决一些问题。
the smartphone，not only can we get in touch with others but we can also approach some problems.
③由于我们的共同努力，我们的环境正变得越来越好。
our joint efforts，our environment is becoming better and better.
in particular
With the help of
Thanks to/As a result of/As a consequence of/Due to/Because of
④我们都知道成功不是偶然发生的；只有努力，我们才能成功。
We all know success doesn’t happen ；only by working hard can we succeed.
返 回
by chance/by accident
达标检测
1.He paid attention all the works of art that hung from the ceiling and on the walls.
2.After years of overwork，his health broke and he had to retire.
3. (equal) importantly，we should develop a good habit of living after resigning from the company.
4.One day，while driving near her home，she saw a dog wandering on the road， (clear) lost.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
to
down
Equally
clearly
5.Having been an administrator in the university administration ten years，he is experienced in administrative affairs.
6.The old worker put forward very practical plan at the meeting yesterday，but it was turned down by the manager.
7.I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very (difference) outcome.
8.Finally，I would like to ask a few questions about his (person) life，which must be very interesting.
for
a
different
personal
9.Whatever difficulties we run into，we should manage to keep ourselves ___ a good state of mind.
10.Seeing Glen was willing to help，the adults stood rooted to the spot for a while， (surprise) and greatly moved.
in
surprised
上周日，我们的志愿者俱乐部(NP)去了敬老院。一到那里，我们就开始打扫卫生(VP)，然后为老年人理发、唱歌。脸上带着灿烂的笑容(PrepP)，老人们高兴地观看了我们的表演。虽然很累，但是我们感到很开心(AdjP)。最为重要的是(AdvP)，我们能够做些对他人有益的事情。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.根据提示翻译下列语段，尽可能多地运用本单元的语法
Last Sunday，our volunteer club went to a home for the aged.On arriving there，we got down to doing some cleaning，after which we cut hair and sang songs for the elderly.With big smiles on their faces，they watched our performance happily.Tired as we were，we felt very happy.Most importantly，we could do something beneficial to others.
返 回
作业2
1.He could only understand a word .
2.Don’t fall for(＝Don’t be tricked by) .
3. ，we went on with our work.
4.We need to build a factory .
5.She carried a basket to visit her grandmother.
6. are going up everywhere.
Ⅰ.请写出下列画线短语的类型及其充当的成分
______________
______________
______________
____________________
____________________
______________
名词短语作宾语
介词短语作状语
形容词短语作后置定语
副词短语作状语
形容词短语作后置定语
名词短语作主语
here and there
her beauty
In spite of the difficulties
twice larger than this one
full of eggs
New office buildings
7.The letter is for Mr Wu，our department manager.
8.He was so hungry that he everything on the table.
9.He has been working here as an assistant to the chairman .
10.We found everything in good order before doing the experiment.
on the desk
finished off
in the lab
__________________
______________
______________
__________________
动词短语作谓语
介词短语作状语
介词短语作后置定语
介词短语作后置定语
for ten years
1.政府向失业者分发食品。(介词短语作后置定语)
_______________________________________________________________
2.因为大雨，飞机没有准时起飞。(名词短语作宾语)
_______________________________________________________________
3.我们一进入校园，一个瀑布就映入眼帘。(动词短语作谓语)
_______________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.单句写作
The government gave out food to people out of work.
The plane didn’t take off on time because of the heavy rain.
As soon as we entered the campus，a waterfall came into view.
4.如果五天内没有付这个账单，你的煤气供应将会被切断。(介词短语作状语)
_______________________________________________________________
5.这个可怜的人从一个高台上跌下来，彻底残废了。(形容词短语作表语)
_______________________________________________________________
If this bill is not paid within five days，your gas supply will be cut off.
The poor man fell off a high platform and became totally disabled.
A
(2025·湖北高三上期中)
As a child，Mateo De La Rocha dreamed of working as a garbage man.In his home city，trash piles were everywhere.The local sanitation worker was the only person cleaning up the pollution.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三个青少年通过封堵废弃的油井来应对环境污染问题。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
De La Rocha’s family later moved to the United States.Now as a high school senior，he has found a unique way to tackle pollution：Along with two friends，he raised $11,000 to plug an abandoned oil well in Ohio that was leaking gas close to a barn on a horse farm.
As many as 3.9 million abandoned and aging oil and gas wells are spread across the U.S.，according to the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)，and at least 126,000 of these wells are “orphans”.This means there is no owner or company to be held responsible for them.
The EPA estimates that abandoned wells collectively released 303,000 tonnes of methane in 2022.That’s roughly equivalent to the annual carbon dioxide emissions of 23 gas-burning power plants.
After completing his AP Environmental Science class，De La Rocha realized the issue of abandoned wells was something for which individuals could potentially make a difference.He then invited two classmates，Sebastian Ng and Lila Gisondi，to join him.
“When Mateo approached me about this，I looked into these methane wells and what we could do about them，” Ng said.“It kind of flipped a switch.” Previously，he had felt helpless about climate change but would simply joke about the world ending.
For Gisondi，talking with her friends about these methane-emitting wells brought climate change from the back of her mind to the forefront.“It was something that I felt I could actually help with，” she said.
After more research，the trio connected with the Well Done Foundation(WDF)，a nonprofit organization specializing in plugging orphaned wells.The organization was founded by Curtis Shuck，a veteran of the oil and gas industry.Since 2019，his organization has surveyed more than 1,700 abandoned wells nationwide and plugged 44 of what they identified as the most problematic ones.
On May 23，contractors poured the cement to plug the orphaned well in Ohio.With the initial success，De La Rocha，Ng and Gisondi are now more confident about the future of their cause.
1.What inspired De La Rocha’s interest in environmental issues initially
A.The Well Done Foundation’s work.
B.His AP Environmental Science class.
C.The pollution and lack of help to address in hometown.
D.His family’s move to America.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段内容可推知，家乡的污染问题和缺乏解决问题的办法激发了他对环境问题的兴趣。故选C。
解析
2.Why can plugging abandoned oil wells help to fight climate change
A.It stops methane from leaking into the atmosphere.
B.It prevents pollution of nearby farms.
C.It helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
D.It encourages oil companies to manage their wells responsibly.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段的“...Along with two friends，he raised $11,000 to plug an abandoned oil well in Ohio that was leaking gas close to a barn on a horse farm.”和第四段的“The EPA estimates that abandoned wells collectively released 303,000 tonnes of methane in 2022.”可知，堵住废弃的油井可以阻止甲烷泄漏到大气中，从而可以帮助应对气候变化。故选A。
解析
3.How did De La Rocha’s proposal make his friends feel
A.Disappointed with environmental organizations.
B.Uncertain about their ability to make a difference.
C.Motivated to continue their environmental studies.
D.Confident about their personal impact on climate change.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“With the initial success，De La Rocha，Ng and Gisondi are now more confident about the future of their cause.”可知，他的提议让他的朋友们对自己对气候变化的影响充满信心。故选D。
解析
4.What does the passage mainly talk about
A.De La Rocha’s childhood dream.
B.Three teens’ unique solution to climate change.
C.The impact of U.S.environmental organizations.
D.Oil companies’ approach to managing abandoned oil wells.
√
主旨大意题。综合全文内容，并根据第五段和最后两段可知，文章主要介绍了三个青少年对气候变化的独特解决方案。故选B。
解析
B(此篇精读)
Moving can be daunting(令人却步的)—whether it’s to a new city or an entirely new country.The good news Volunteering can be a great way to settle into a new community，meet people，and learn valuable skills.
语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章通过Kajal Patil的经历来说明志愿服务的好处以及个人在志愿服务中的成长和收获。
Kajal Patil moved to the United States from India in February 2017.Having previously volunteered for two years as an assistant yoga(瑜伽) teacher in her home country，Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on Volunteer Match.
Kajal was drawn to① a volunteer opportunity with the Meridian International Center to review applications on behalf of the Young Leaders of the Americas Initiative (YLAI).YLAI aims to empower② Latin American and Caribbean business and social entrepreneurs(企业家) to transform their societies and contribute more fully to economic development，security，human rights，and good governance③.
Kajal had previous experience working with the markets candidates were applying from，and the position also allowed her to work remotely.Her role involved reviewing 44 in-depth applications from potential candidates across Latin America and the Caribbean for a four-week fellowship in the U.S.She was responsible for describing the business ideas presented by these candidates，assessing the social impact of their businesses，and determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans.
Kajal says that this volunteer opportunity super-charged her existing skills while helping her build new ones such as time management，business analysis，decision-making，planning，and presenting.She is now looking for her next volunteer opportunity and reflects positively on her experience with Meridian International Center.“A new country brings in a lot of new experiences and volunteering helped me to settle into a new environment，” adds Kajal.“By helping others，I felt needed in society.It indeed boosted my self-worth.”
5.What is a benefit of volunteering according to the first paragraph
A.It offers opportunities to network with influential individuals.
B.It helps people better adapt to new environments.
C.It breathes new life into people’s creativity.
D.It promotes a sense of responsibility.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Volunteering can be a great way to settle into a new community，meet people，and learn valuable skills.”可知，志愿服务的好处之一是帮助人们更好地适应新环境。故选B。
解析
6.What is the primary objective of YLAI
A.To boost tourism in Latin American and Caribbean countries.
B.To provide financial support to Latin American and Caribbean students.
C.To assist Latin American and Caribbean entrepreneurs in promoting
societal development.
D.To develop political relations between Latin American and Caribbean
nations.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段中“YLAI aims to...and good governance.”可知，YLAI的主要目标是协助拉丁美洲和加勒比企业家促进社会发展。故选C。
解析
7.What was Kajal’s responsibility when working with Meridian International Center
A.Reviewing and assessing fellowship applications.
B.Teaching yoga to fellowship candidates.
C.Planning social events for local entrepreneurs.
D.Organizing fundraising activities.
√
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Her role involved reviewing...their plans.”可知，Kajal在Meridian International Center的职责是审查和评估会员资格申请。故选A。
解析
8.What do Kajal’s words in the last paragraph mainly show
A.The challenges of volunteering.
B.The self-improvement through volunteering.
C.The process of finding a volunteer opportunity in the U.S.
D.The importance of using professional skills in volunteering.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Kajal说，志愿者的机会增强了她现有的技能，同时帮助她建立了新的技能，比如时间管理、商业分析、决策、计划和演讲。她现在正在寻找下一个志愿者机会，并积极地回顾她在Meridian国际中心的经历。‘一个新的国家会带来很多新的经历，志愿活动帮助我适应了一个新的环境，’Kajal补充道。‘通过帮助别人，我觉得自己被社会需要。这确实提升了我的自我价值。’”可知，志愿服务对Kajal的个人成长和自我提升起到了积极的作用。故选B。
解析
语境猜词
①be drawn to ____________
②empower vt.__________________
③governance n.___________
增加(某人的)自主权
统治；管理
被……所吸引
Having previously volunteered for two years as an assistant yoga teacher in her home country，Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on Volunteer Match.
分析：此句为 句。having previously volunteered...为现在分词短语作 ，volunteer这一动作发生在主句谓语动词 ；and连接两个并列的谓语动词；that引导 从句，opportunities为先行词，that在从句中作 。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
句式分析
卡贾尔曾在她的祖国做了两年的志愿助理瑜伽老师，她热衷于志愿服务，于是开始在“志愿匹配”网站上寻找符合自己兴趣的志愿机会。
复合
时间状语
之前
定语
主语
On a large scale，making the world a better place can seem challenging.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过情商提升领导力，从而在社区中产生积极影响。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.Show your kindness and respect to others.
B.This informs them that they are appreciated.
C.As your conversation continues，ask what is needed.
D.Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E.When you make contributions to others，you make a positive impact.
F.As a leader，you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G.One person may not change the world，but you can make a positive impact daily.
√
1 As a leader，your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better.Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence.
根据上文“On a large scale，making the world a better place can seem challenging.”和下文“As a leader，your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better.”可知，G项承上启下，说明了一个人可以根据自己的实际情况为改变世界做出自己的一份贡献，从而影响到自己所在的社区。故选G。
解析
2 Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust，which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships.
A.Show your kindness and respect to others.
B.This informs them that they are appreciated.
C.As your conversation continues，ask what is needed.
D.Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E.When you make contributions to others，you make a positive impact.
F.As a leader，you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G.One person may not change the world，but you can make a positive impact daily.
√
根据下文“Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust，which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships...Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.”可知，本段谈的是倾听的重要性，D项可以作为本段的主题句。故选D。
解析
As a result，people are more likely to share openly and honestly.Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.
Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action.Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents.
3 An example of what this could sound like is，“Wow！I am blown away by your project.What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.”
A.Show your kindness and respect to others.
B.This informs them that they are appreciated.
C.As your conversation continues，ask what is needed.
D.Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E.When you make contributions to others，you make a positive impact.
F.As a leader，you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G.One person may not change the world，but you can make a positive impact daily.
√
根据上文“Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents.”和下文“An example of what this could sound like is...”可知，空处应与认可他人有关。B项承接上文，指出了认可他们会让他们知道自己是被欣赏的，下文举例说明如何认可并激励某人采取行动。故选B。
解析
Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles.Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in. 4 There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers.With a little time，you can make a big difference.
A.Show your kindness and respect to others.
B.This informs them that they are appreciated.
C.As your conversation continues，ask what is needed.
D.Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E.When you make contributions to others，you make a positive impact.
F.As a leader，you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G.One person may not change the world，but you can make a positive impact daily.
√
根据上文“Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in.”可知，C项承接上文，指出了在了解同龄人的目标之后，要进一步询问他们需要什么。故选C。
解析
Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill.When you share with others，you’re teaching them something special about you and your journey.Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution.This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. 5
A.Show your kindness and respect to others.
B.This informs them that they are appreciated.
C.As your conversation continues，ask what is needed.
D.Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E.When you make contributions to others，you make a positive impact.
F.As a leader，you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G.One person may not change the world，but you can make a positive impact daily.
√
根据上文“Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill.When you share with others，you’re teaching them something special about you and your journey.”可知，本段讲的是通过分享你的知识和优势去帮助他人，E项承接上文，进行总结，指出你只要为他人做一些贡献，那么你就会产生积极的影响。故选E。
解析
Ⅴ.语法填空
After realizing students at his elementary school were going hungry at home，PE teacher Jason Watson got a wave of inspiration and a cool set of wheels.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了体育老师Jason Watson意识到自己所在小学的学生在家挨饿后，和妻子一起设法给镇上有需要的孩子们送午餐和冰冻食物的故事。
Jason and his wife，Anne，bought 1.___used ice-cream truck and the couple，both aged 39，started to deliver hot home-cooked lunches and icy treats to kids in need in their town 2. the help of their own kids.
a
1.考查冠词。后文短语used ice-cream truck是可数泛指概念，用不定冠词限定。used的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2.考查介词。with the help of sb“在某人的帮助下”是固定搭配。故填with。
解析
with
It all started back in 2016 when the pair engaged in an extracurricular program for kids 3.___________included free lunches.When the tough time came in 2020，their in-person outreach was paused indefinitely，so they purchased the truck in October and 4. (be) hard at work since.
that/which
3.考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为an extracurricular program，指事物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
4.考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since可知，此处谓语动词用现在完成时。主语为they，助动词用have。故填have been。
解析
have been
The family now cook all the meals themselves,5. (post) on social media the dates and times when they will be delivering.To date，it is estimated that they have served 6.________(rough) 1,500 lunches from the truck.Their kindness is supported by many other warm-hearted people.
posting
5.考查非谓语动词。post和主语The family之间是主动关系，且与谓语动词cook之间无连词，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填posting。
6.考查副词。句意：到目前为止，据估计他们已经从卡车上提供了大约1 500份午餐。根据句意可知，此处应用副词roughly“粗略地，大约”作状语，修饰谓语。故填roughly。
解析
roughly
When they launched a GoFundMe 7. (raise) money for the truck in June,2022，they 8. (blow) away by outpouring of donations. They raised more than 10,000 dollars.
to raise
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年6月，当他们在GoFundMe上为这辆卡车筹集资金时，他们被大量的捐款所震撼。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”。故填to raise。
8.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。blow away和主语之间是被动关系，再根据时间状语in June,2022可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为they，be动词用were，故填were blown。
解析
were blown
Encouraged by people’s 9. (generous)，they’ve decided to do more.Their dream is to possibly open a free cafe where they can invite people to sit，have a hot dinner 10. then share life together.
generosity
9.考查名词。名词所有格people’s后应用名词generosity(不可数)作介词by的宾语。故填generosity。
10.考查连词。sit，have和share为并列关系。故填and。
解析
and
返 回
本课结束Period 2　Learning About Language
阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分并完成练习
When I was ①in my primary school，I ②had an opportunity to appreciate a music festival in my school.That was the first time I had watched ③a live musical performance.I felt ④quite happy.
I asked my parents to allow me to ⑤take up a piano lesson for beginners.In the beginning，it was ⑥rather difficult to read the notes.However，it did not demoralize(使泄气) me.I spent most of my leisure hours practicing the piano ⑦very hard.Although my fingers were painful，I felt satisfied when I could play a piece of music completely.Even though I do not pursue it as ⑧my life career，I will still ⑨continue learning and playing the piano as my hobby.It is simply because music is the best medication for my soul.
英语短语是具有实际意义的一个重要单位，分为动词短语、介词短语、名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语等。其中①是介词短语；②⑤⑨是动词短语；③⑧是名词短语；④⑥是形容词短语；⑦是副词短语。
复习短语
一、概念
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式结构角度划分，英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似，比如，名词短语与名词功能相似，在句中主要充当主语、宾语；介词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。例如：
He failed to get first prize in the match.
在这个句子中first prize是名词短语，in the match是介词短语。
二、几类短语的具体用法
1．名词短语(NP)
many good students许多优秀的学生
his beautiful wife他的美丽的妻子
the best answer最佳答案
those sweet roses那些芬芳的玫瑰
Many people have been reported to be infected by the virus globally.(作主语和宾语)
报告称全球已有很多人感染了这种病毒。
Many people including doctors，nurses and scientists are real heroes.(作表语)
包括医生、护士和科学家在内的很多人都是真正的英雄。
[即时训练1]　完成句子
①幸运的是，已经立即采取了大量措施来确保人们的安全。
Luckily，a great number of measures have been taken to ensure people’s safety straight away.
②在春天，这个城市提供各种特殊的文化活动。
During the spring，the city provides a variety of special cultural events.
2．动词短语(VP)
构成 例词
动词＋v.-ing/to do/普通名词 enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事 finish doing sth做完某事 want to do sth想要做某事 plan to do sth计划做某事 drink wine 喝酒 walk the dog 遛狗
连系动词(be/feel/like...)＋形容词/v.-ed＋介词 be open to 对……开放be interested in 对……感兴趣 be/get used to doing 习惯于做……
动词＋副词 fade away逐渐消失 look back回顾 break down出故障 turn up出现
动词＋介词 bring about引起 look into调查 get over克服 insist on坚持
动词＋副词＋介词 add up to总计 keep away from不靠近 look down on轻视 keep up with赶上
动词＋宾语＋介词 spend...on...把……花在……上 pay...for...花……买…… catch sight of看见，瞥见 make use of利用 pay attention to注意 make sense of理解
I plan to visit the Terracotta Army in Xi’an this summer holiday together with my close friends.我计划这个暑假和我的好朋友一起去西安参观兵马俑。
Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.无线网络在灾难中瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用。
You look well.The air and the seafood in Sanya must agree with you，I suppose.
你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。
He will have to find another job，for he can’t put up with this loud noise any more.他必须找其他工作，因为他再也无法忍受这么大的噪声。
[即时训练2]　完成句子
①一旦我下定决心，就没有什么能让我改变主意。
Once I made up my mind，nothing could be done to change my mind.
②与此同时，她的父母担心她的生命和安全。
At the same time，her parents were concerned/worried about her life and safety.
③直到我经历了真正的困难，我才意识到我对家人的爱是重要的。
Not until I went through the real hardship was I aware of the love I have for my families is significant.
④我们应该利用一切机会练习英语，以便我们最终能熟练掌握它。
We should make use of/take advantage of every chance to practise English in order that we can finally have a good command/knowledge of it.
3．形容词/副词短语(AdjP/AdvP)
too short/young/tired...to...太矮/年轻/累……而不能……
old/tall/strong/...enough to...年龄足够大/足够高/足够强壮/……而能够……
as soon as possible尽快
as carefully as I can我尽可能小心/认真
as big as...和……一样大
not as/so old as...不如……年龄大
much better than...比……好得多
even more beautiful than...甚至比……更漂亮
shorter and shorter越来越短
the more，the better越多越好
more and more careful越来越小心
[即时训练3]　完成句子
①我的同桌也参加了比赛。
My deskmate participated in the match as well.
②我叔叔不到20岁就开始从事文物保护工作。
My uncle got down to preserving cultural relics at less than 20.
③换句话说，反复地重复游戏可以教会你如何玩游戏并玩得更好。
In other words，repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it.
4．介词短语(PrepP)
介词短语是介词和其他代词或名词或词组搭配构成的短语。在句中作状语、表语、补语、定语等。
构成 例词
介词＋名词 at the door，into the bag
介词＋代词 for me，of others
介词＋介词短语 from across the street，until after dinner
介词＋副词 from below
with复合结构 with the light on
The world’s population is likely to peak at 9.7 billion in 2064.(作状语)
世界人口可能会在2064年达到97亿的峰值。
Thanks to his efforts in epidemic prevention and control，our neighborhood has been in a good state.(作定语，作表语)
多亏他在流行病防控方面做的努力，我们社区的状况才一直良好。
[即时训练4]　完成句子
①我喜欢音乐，尤其是乡村音乐。
I am fond of music，country music in particular.
②在智能手机的帮助下，我们不仅可以与他人取得联系，还可以解决一些问题。
With the help of the smartphone，not only can we get in touch with others but we can also approach some problems.
③由于我们的共同努力，我们的环境正变得越来越好。
Thanks to/As a result of/As a consequence of/Due to/Because of our joint efforts，our environment is becoming better and better.
④我们都知道成功不是偶然发生的；只有努力，我们才能成功。
We all know success doesn’t happen by chance/by accident；only by working hard can we succeed.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He paid attention to all the works of art that hung from the ceiling and on the walls.
2．After years of overwork，his health broke down and he had to retire.
3．Equally(equal) importantly，we should develop a good habit of living after resigning from the company.
4．One day，while driving near her home，she saw a dog wandering on the road，clearly(clear) lost.
5．Having been an administrator in the university administration for ten years，he is experienced in administrative affairs.
6．The old worker put forward a very practical plan at the meeting yesterday，but it was turned down by the manager.
7．I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different (difference) outcome.
8．Finally，I would like to ask a few questions about his personal(person) life，which must be very interesting.
9．Whatever difficulties we run into，we should manage to keep ourselves in a good state of mind.
10．Seeing Glen was willing to help，the adults stood rooted to the spot for a while，surprised (surprise) and greatly moved.
Ⅱ.根据提示翻译下列语段，尽可能多地运用本单元的语法
上周日，我们的志愿者俱乐部(NP)去了敬老院。一到那里，我们就开始打扫卫生(VP)，然后为老年人理发、唱歌。脸上带着灿烂的笑容(PrepP)，老人们高兴地观看了我们的表演。虽然很累，但是我们感到很开心(AdjP)。最为重要的是(AdvP)，我们能够做些对他人有益的事情。
Last Sunday，our volunteer club went to a home for the aged.On arriving there，we got down to doing some cleaning，after which we cut hair and sang songs for the elderly.With big smiles on their faces，they watched our performance happily.Tired as we were，we felt very happy.Most importantly，we could do something beneficial to others.
作业2
[分值：82.5分]
Ⅰ.请写出下列画线短语的类型及其充当的成分(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．He could only understand a word here and there.副词短语作状语
2．Don’t fall for(＝Don’t be tricked by) her beauty.名词短语作宾语
3．In spite of the difficulties，we went on with our work.介词短语作状语
4．We need to build a factory twice larger than this one.形容词短语作后置定语
5．She carried a basket full of eggs to visit her grandmother.形容词短语作后置定语
6．New office buildings are going up everywhere.名词短语作主语
7．The letter on the desk is for Mr Wu，our department manager.介词短语作后置定语
8．He was so hungry that he finished off everything on the table.动词短语作谓语
9．He has been working here as an assistant to the chairman for ten years.介词短语作状语
10．We found everything in the lab in good order before doing the experiment.介词短语作后置定语
Ⅱ.单句写作(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
1．政府向失业者分发食品。(介词短语作后置定语)
The government gave out food to people out of work.
2．因为大雨，飞机没有准时起飞。(名词短语作宾语)
The plane didn’t take off on time because of the heavy rain.
3．我们一进入校园，一个瀑布就映入眼帘。(动词短语作谓语)
As soon as we entered the campus，a waterfall came into view.
4．如果五天内没有付这个账单，你的煤气供应将会被切断。(介词短语作状语)
If this bill is not paid within five days，your gas supply will be cut off.
5．这个可怜的人从一个高台上跌下来，彻底残废了。(形容词短语作表语)
The poor man fell off a high platform and became totally disabled.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·湖北高三上期中)
As a child，Mateo De La Rocha dreamed of working as a garbage man.In his home city，trash piles were everywhere.The local sanitation worker was the only person cleaning up the pollution.
De La Rocha’s family later moved to the United States.Now as a high school senior，he has found a unique way to tackle pollution：Along with two friends，he raised $11,000 to plug an abandoned oil well in Ohio that was leaking gas close to a barn on a horse farm.
As many as 3.9 million abandoned and aging oil and gas wells are spread across the U．S.，according to the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)，and at least 126,000 of these wells are “orphans”．This means there is no owner or company to be held responsible for them.
The EPA estimates that abandoned wells collectively released 303,000 tonnes of methane in 2022.That’s roughly equivalent to the annual carbon dioxide emissions of 23 gas-burning power plants.
After completing his AP Environmental Science class，De La Rocha realized the issue of abandoned wells was something for which individuals could potentially make a difference.He then invited two classmates，Sebastian Ng and Lila Gisondi，to join him.
“When Mateo approached me about this，I looked into these methane wells and what we could do about them，” Ng said.“It kind of flipped a switch.” Previously，he had felt helpless about climate change but would simply joke about the world ending.
For Gisondi，talking with her friends about these methane-emitting wells brought climate change from the back of her mind to the forefront.“It was something that I felt I could actually help with，” she said.
After more research，the trio connected with the Well Done Foundation(WDF)，a nonprofit organization specializing in plugging orphaned wells.The organization was founded by Curtis Shuck，a veteran of the oil and gas industry.Since 2019，his organization has surveyed more than 1,700 abandoned wells nationwide and plugged 44 of what they identified as the most problematic ones.
On May 23，contractors poured the cement to plug the orphaned well in Ohio.With the initial success，De La Rocha，Ng and Gisondi are now more confident about the future of their cause.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三个青少年通过封堵废弃的油井来应对环境污染问题。
1．What inspired De La Rocha’s interest in environmental issues initially
A．The Well Done Foundation’s work.
B．His AP Environmental Science class.
C．The pollution and lack of help to address in hometown.
D．His family’s move to America.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可推知，家乡的污染问题和缺乏解决问题的办法激发了他对环境问题的兴趣。故选C。
2．Why can plugging abandoned oil wells help to fight climate change
A．It stops methane from leaking into the atmosphere.
B．It prevents pollution of nearby farms.
C．It helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
D．It encourages oil companies to manage their wells responsibly.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“...Along with two friends，he raised $11,000 to plug an abandoned oil well in Ohio that was leaking gas close to a barn on a horse farm.”和第四段的“The EPA estimates that abandoned wells collectively released 303,000 tonnes of methane in 2022.”可知，堵住废弃的油井可以阻止甲烷泄漏到大气中，从而可以帮助应对气候变化。故选A。
3．How did De La Rocha’s proposal make his friends feel
A．Disappointed with environmental organizations.
B．Uncertain about their ability to make a difference.
C．Motivated to continue their environmental studies.
D．Confident about their personal impact on climate change.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“With the initial success，De La Rocha，Ng and Gisondi are now more confident about the future of their cause.”可知，他的提议让他的朋友们对自己对气候变化的影响充满信心。故选D。
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．De La Rocha’s childhood dream.
B．Three teens’ unique solution to climate change.
C．The impact of U．S.environmental organizations.
D．Oil companies’ approach to managing abandoned oil wells.
答案　B
解析　主旨大意题。综合全文内容，并根据第五段和最后两段可知，文章主要介绍了三个青少年对气候变化的独特解决方案。故选B。
B(此篇精读)
Moving can be daunting(令人却步的)—whether it’s to a new city or an entirely new country.The good news Volunteering can be a great way to settle into a new community，meet people，and learn valuable skills.
Kajal Patil moved to the United States from India in February 2017.Having previously volunteered for two years as an assistant yoga(瑜伽) teacher in her home country，Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on Volunteer Match.
Kajal was drawn to① a volunteer opportunity with the Meridian International Center to review applications on behalf of the Young Leaders of the Americas Initiative (YLAI)．YLAI aims to empower② Latin American and Caribbean business and social entrepreneurs(企业家) to transform their societies and contribute more fully to economic development，security，human rights，and good governance③.
Kajal had previous experience working with the markets candidates were applying from，and the position also allowed her to work remotely.Her role involved reviewing 44 in-depth applications from potential candidates across Latin America and the Caribbean for a four-week fellowship in the U．S.She was responsible for describing the business ideas presented by these candidates，assessing the social impact of their businesses，and determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans.
Kajal says that this volunteer opportunity super-charged her existing skills while helping her build new ones such as time management，business analysis，decision-making，planning，and presenting.She is now looking for her next volunteer opportunity and reflects positively on her experience with Meridian International Center.“A new country brings in a lot of new experiences and volunteering helped me to settle into a new environment，” adds Kajal.“By helping others，I felt needed in society.It indeed boosted my self-worth.”
语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章通过Kajal Patil的经历来说明志愿服务的好处以及个人在志愿服务中的成长和收获。
5．What is a benefit of volunteering according to the first paragraph
A．It offers opportunities to network with influential individuals.
B．It helps people better adapt to new environments.
C．It breathes new life into people’s creativity.
D．It promotes a sense of responsibility.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Volunteering can be a great way to settle into a new community，meet people，and learn valuable skills.”可知，志愿服务的好处之一是帮助人们更好地适应新环境。故选B。
6．What is the primary objective of YLAI
A．To boost tourism in Latin American and Caribbean countries.
B．To provide financial support to Latin American and Caribbean students.
C．To assist Latin American and Caribbean entrepreneurs in promoting societal development.
D．To develop political relations between Latin American and Caribbean nations.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“YLAI aims to...and good governance.”可知，YLAI的主要目标是协助拉丁美洲和加勒比企业家促进社会发展。故选C。
7．What was Kajal’s responsibility when working with Meridian International Center
A．Reviewing and assessing fellowship applications.
B．Teaching yoga to fellowship candidates.
C．Planning social events for local entrepreneurs.
D．Organizing fundraising activities.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Her role involved reviewing...their plans.”可知，Kajal在Meridian International Center的职责是审查和评估会员资格申请。故选A。
8．What do Kajal’s words in the last paragraph mainly show
A．The challenges of volunteering.
B．The self-improvement through volunteering.
C．The process of finding a volunteer opportunity in the U．S.
D．The importance of using professional skills in volunteering.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Kajal说，志愿者的机会增强了她现有的技能，同时帮助她建立了新的技能，比如时间管理、商业分析、决策、计划和演讲。她现在正在寻找下一个志愿者机会，并积极地回顾她在Meridian国际中心的经历。‘一个新的国家会带来很多新的经历，志愿活动帮助我适应了一个新的环境，’Kajal补充道。‘通过帮助别人，我觉得自己被社会需要。这确实提升了我的自我价值。’”可知，志愿服务对Kajal的个人成长和自我提升起到了积极的作用。故选B。
[语境猜词]
①be drawn to 被……所吸引
②empower vt.增加(某人的)自主权
③governance n．统治；管理
[句式分析]
Having previously volunteered for two years as an assistant yoga teacher in her home country，Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on Volunteer Match.
分析：此句为复合句。having previously volunteered...为现在分词短语作时间状语，volunteer这一动作发生在主句谓语动词之前；and连接两个并列的谓语动词；that引导定语从句，opportunities为先行词，that在从句中作主语。
翻译：卡贾尔曾在她的祖国做了两年的志愿助理瑜伽老师，她热衷于志愿服务，于是开始在“志愿匹配”网站上寻找符合自己兴趣的志愿机会。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
On a large scale，making the world a better place can seem challenging. 1 As a leader，your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better.Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence.
2 Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust，which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships.As a result，people are more likely to share openly and honestly.Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.
Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action.Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents. 3 An example of what this could sound like is，“Wow！I am blown away by your project.What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.”
Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles.Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in. 4 There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers.With a little time，you can make a big difference.
Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill.When you share with others，you’re teaching them something special about you and your journey.Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution.This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. 5
A．Show your kindness and respect to others.
B．This informs them that they are appreciated.
C．As your conversation continues，ask what is needed.
D．Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E．When you make contributions to others，you make a positive impact.
F．As a leader，you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G．One person may not change the world，but you can make a positive impact daily.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过情商提升领导力，从而在社区中产生积极影响。
1．答案　G
解析　根据上文“On a large scale，making the world a better place can seem challenging.”和下文“As a leader，your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better.”可知，G项承上启下，说明了一个人可以根据自己的实际情况为改变世界做出自己的一份贡献，从而影响到自己所在的社区。故选G。
2．答案　D
解析　根据下文“Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust，which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships...Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.”可知，本段谈的是倾听的重要性，D项可以作为本段的主题句。故选D。
3．答案　B
解析　根据上文“Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents.”和下文“An example of what this could sound like is...”可知，空处应与认可他人有关。B项承接上文，指出了认可他们会让他们知道自己是被欣赏的，下文举例说明如何认可并激励某人采取行动。故选B。
4．答案　C
解析　根据上文“Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in.”可知，C项承接上文，指出了在了解同龄人的目标之后，要进一步询问他们需要什么。故选C。
5．答案　E
解析　根据上文“Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill.When you share with others，you’re teaching them something special about you and your journey.”可知，本段讲的是通过分享你的知识和优势去帮助他人，E项承接上文，进行总结，指出你只要为他人做一些贡献，那么你就会产生积极的影响。故选E。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
After realizing students at his elementary school were going hungry at home，PE teacher Jason Watson got a wave of inspiration and a cool set of wheels.Jason and his wife，Anne，bought 1._________used ice-cream truck and the couple，both aged 39，started to deliver hot home-cooked lunches and icy treats to kids in need in their town 2. the help of their own kids.
It all started back in 2016 when the pair engaged in an extracurricular program for kids 3.___________included free lunches.When the tough time came in 2020，their in-person outreach was paused indefinitely，so they purchased the truck in October and 4. (be) hard at work since.The family now cook all the meals themselves,5. (post) on social media the dates and times when they will be delivering.To date，it is estimated that they have served 6.____________(rough) 1,500 lunches from the truck.Their kindness is supported by many other warm-hearted people.When they launched a GoFundMe 7. (raise) money for the truck in June,2022，they 8. (blow) away by outpouring of donations.They raised more than 10,000 dollars.
Encouraged by people’s 9. (generous)，they’ve decided to do more.Their dream is to possibly open a free cafe where they can invite people to sit，have a hot dinner 10. then share life together.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了体育老师Jason Watson意识到自己所在小学的学生在家挨饿后，和妻子一起设法给镇上有需要的孩子们送午餐和冰冻食物的故事。
答案　1.a　2.with　3.that/which　4.have been　5.posting　6.roughly　7.to raise　8.were blown　9.generosity　10.and
解析　1.考查冠词。后文短语used ice-cream truck是可数泛指概念，用不定冠词限定。used的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2.考查介词。with the help of sb“在某人的帮助下”是固定搭配。故填with。
3.考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为an extracurricular program，指事物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
4.考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since可知，此处谓语动词用现在完成时。主语为they，助动词用have。故填have been。
5.考查非谓语动词。post和主语The family之间是主动关系，且与谓语动词cook之间无连词，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填posting。
6.考查副词。句意：到目前为止，据估计他们已经从卡车上提供了大约1 500份午餐。根据句意可知，此处应用副词roughly“粗略地，大约”作状语，修饰谓语。故填roughly。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年6月，当他们在GoFundMe上为这辆卡车筹集资金时，他们被大量的捐款所震撼。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”。故填to raise。
8.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。blow away和主语之间是被动关系，再根据时间状语in June,2022可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为they，be动词用were，故填were blown。
9.考查名词。名词所有格people’s后应用名词generosity(不可数)作介词by的宾语。故填generosity。
10.考查连词。sit，have和share为并列关系。故填and。

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