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(共22张PPT)
Unit 8
Natural disasters
Lesson 4 Natural disasters are dangerous!
能够掌握本课时单词、短语和句型。
能够了解一些自然灾害的定义、成因和危害及其安全提示。
01
02
学习目标
能够用英语书写一篇关于常见自然灾害的文章。
03
1 How dangerous can natural disasters be Discuss in groups.
Group work
新课讲授
Typhoons are strong storms with powerful winds. They usually occur in the Western North Pacific. Typhoons form when warm water from the ocean meets certain wind patterns. Typhoons can bring heavy rain and help cool down hot summers. However, they can be very dangerous and cause a lot of damage. During a typhoon, wind speeds can reach up to 252 kilometres per hour or even higher. This can make trees fall, damage buildings, and cause floods.
Floods are huge amounts of water covering an area. They happen when there’s too much rain or when rivers overflow. Floods can hurt a lot of people and destroy farms, buildings, and roads. In China, one of the biggest floods was the 1998 Changjiang River flood. The PLA troops fought against this terrible flood and protected millions of people. They successfully kept major cities like Wuhan safe.
Reading
Wildfires are big, out-of-control fires. They happen in natural places like forests and grasslands. They can badly hurt animals, plants, and the environment. They are also dangerous to people living nearby. In 2023, Canada experienced many big forest fires, affecting an area of over 60,000 square kilometres.
Read the passage and write true (T) or false (F).
A Typhoons are small storms that occur in some parts of Asia. ( )
B The 1998 Changjiang River flood in China affected major cities like Wuhan. ( )
C Wildfires can cause damage to animals, plants, and the environment.
( )
F
T
T
2 Read the passage again and complete the table.
Natural disaster Explanation Cause Damage
Typhoon
Flood
Wildfire human activities, lightning, etc.
A strong storm with powerful winds.
Warm water from the ocean meets certain wind patterns.
Heavy rain, strong winds (up to 252 km/h or higher), make trees fall, damage buildings, cause floods.
Large amounts of water covering an area.
Too much rain or rivers overflowing.
Hurt people, destroy farms, buildings, and roads.
A big, out-of-control fire.
Badly hurt animals, plants, and the environment; dangerous to people living nearby.
3 What should you do when a natural disaster happens Think and match the terms with the tips.
Drought
Typhoon
Wildfire
Flood
Earthquake
Clear dry leaves and report any smoke immediately.
Save water and use it wisely.
Stay indoors and secure anything that could be blown away.
Bend down, find a cover, and hold on to protect yourself.
Move to higher ground and never play or swim in these waters.
Think and match
4 Write a passage about a common natural disaster.
The following questions may help you:
A What is this natural disaster
B What causes it
C What are its dangers
D How should you respond if it happens nearby
Writing
1. Typhoons form when warm water from the ocean meets certain wind patterns.
Language points
分析结构：这是一个含时间状语从句的复合句。主句结构：Typhoons 主语+ form 谓语，之后是时间状语从句。引导词when 表示“当……时”。从句结构：warm water 主语+from the ocean(介词短语作后置定语，修饰 water)+meets 谓语+ certain wind patterns 宾语。
when 引导的时间状语从句的用法：主句为一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时(表示客观规律)。若主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来(主将从现)。还可根据实际语境用过去相关时态。
e.g. Plants grow faster when they get enough sunlight and water.
当植物获得足够阳光和水分时，生长更快。
I will call you when I arrive at the station.
我到达车站时会给你打电话。
When she entered the room, he was reading a book.
当她进入房间时，他正在看书。
2. Typhoons can bring heavy rain and help cool down hot summers.
cool down (使)温度降低；冷却；冷静下来，既可以指物体降温，也可以指人情绪平复。同义短语：calm down，侧重情绪冷静。
与down 相关的短语：
cut down 砍倒；削减 turn down 调小(音量)；拒绝
write down 写下；记下 break down (机器)出故障
e.g. After exercising, it’s important to cool down by stretching.
运动后，通过拉伸来降温很重要。
The hot soup needs to cool down before you can eat it.
热汤需要冷却后才能喝。
3. However, they can be very dangerous and cause a lot of damage.
damage 一词多义
(1) 作动词时，意为“损害；毁坏”，为及物动词，直接接宾语。
(2) 作名词时，意为“损害；毁坏；损失”，为不可数名词。
常见搭配：cause damage to ... 对……造成损害
suffer damage 遭受损失 repair the damage 修复损害
e.g. The heavy rain damaged many crops in the field.
暴雨毁坏了田里的许多庄稼。
The storm caused serious damage to the coastal village.
暴风雨给这个沿海村庄造成了严重损害。
4. During a typhoon, wind speeds can reach up to 252 kilometres per hour or even higher.
“reach up to 高达”后接具体数字，表示数量、高度、价格等达到某个最大值，相当于“up to”。
e.g. The price of the new phone can reach up to 8,000 yuan.
这款新手机的价格可高达 8000 元。
The mountain reaches up to 3,000 meters in height.
这座山高达 3000 米。
5. Floods are huge amounts of water covering an area.
amount 名词，意为“数量；数额”，the amount of ……的数量，后面接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词要使用单数形式。
常见搭配：a large/great amount of 大量的
a small amount of 少量的 the least amount of 数量最少的
e.g. A large amount of water is wasted every day.
每天都有大量的水被浪费。
She spent a small amount of money on the new book.
她买这本新书花了少量的钱。
He spent the least amount of time preparing for the exam.
他花最少的时间备考。
6. The PLA troops fought against this terrible flood and protected millions of people.
fight 常用短语：fight against 后接名词，意为“与……做斗争”
fight for 后接抽象名词，意为“为(事业、自由、真理、权利等)而斗争/ 战斗”
fight with“与………一起对抗”，接表示人或国家的名词；也可意为“和……争吵”
fight over 意为“为……而争吵/ 争斗”
e.g. We should fight against pollution to protect the environment.
我们应与污染作斗争来保护环境。
The doctors are fighting against the disease day and night.
医生们日夜与疾病作斗争。
He fought with his friends to defend their school.
他和朋友们一起并肩保卫学校。
7. They successfully kept major cities like Wuhan safe.
辨析：success, succeed, successful 与successfully
success 名词 “成功；成就”, 是不可数名词，其反义词为failure“失败”；作“成功的事”讲时是可数名词。
succeed 动词 “成功”，succeed in doing sth. 意为“成功做某事”。其反义词为fail“失败”。
successful 形容词 “成功的”，由名词success + -ful构成的形容词，be successful in doing sth.。
successfully 副词 成功地，由形容词successful + -ly构成的副词。
e.g. I have success in passing my exam. = I have succeeded in passing the exam.
= I’m successful in passing the exam.
= I successfully passed the exam. 我成功地通过了考试。
Though he had failed three times in the business plan, his team finally succeeded in improving it—this successful revision not only brought them great success, but also proved they could complete the task successfully.
尽管他的商业计划失败了三次，但团队最终成功改进了它 —— 这次成功的修订不仅为他们带来了巨大的成功，也证明了他们能成功完成任务。
8. They can badly hurt animals, plants, and the environment.
badly 一词多义：
(1)表“程度严重”：用于修饰动词、过去分词。
(2) 表“迫切地；非常”：相当于“very much”，常用于 want/need 等动词后。
相关词汇：比较级worse 更糟地
最高级worst 最糟地 bad adj. 坏的
e.g. The car was badly damaged in the traffic accident.
这辆车在交通事故中受损严重。
She wants to join the school team badly.
她非常想加入校队。
9. Stay indoors and secure anything that could be blown away.
secure v. 扣紧；拴牢 adj. 安全的
e.g. Secure the anchor by lashing it to the rail.
把锚系到栏杆上拴牢。
This is a secure hiding place. 这是一个安全的藏身之处。
blow away 吹走；使印象深刻
e.g. The wind blew away the papers. 风把文件吹走了。
Her performance blew me away. 她的表演让我惊叹不已。
10. Bend down, find a cover, and hold on to protect yourself.
hold on 抓紧，不放开，还可意为“(电话用语)别挂断，等一下；(在困境中)挺住”
e.g. Hold on tight! 抓紧了！
—Is that Mary speaking —是玛丽在说话吗？
—Hold on, please. I'll get her. —请稍等，我去叫她。
Hold on, help is coming! 坚持住，救援马上到！
Remember the language points.
Preview Unit 8 Lesson 5.
Homework

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