资源简介

(共73张PPT)
Period 3
Grammar and usage—Present perfect continuous tense
Fit for life
Unit 3
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
作业3
达标检测
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感悟加颜色部分所使用的时态和语态
Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，a BBC one-hour documentary，was launched on April 6,2020.It is the first time that Du’s life ①has been put in a global context.For the Chinese，Du is more than a poet；he ②has been acting as the guardian of the morality of the nation up to date.Born in 712，Du lived through the violent fall of the Tang Dynasty when wars，floods and famines almost ruined the country.In his poems，he poured out his concern for his country and people as well as the importance of celebrating the few simple joys of life.
This documentary is a must-see.To help Western audiences make sense of the poet’s great achievements in literature，Du is compared to China’s Shakespeare in this documentary.Also the program invited McKellen，who played Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings movies，to read 15 of Du’s poems that had been translated into English.These can help foreigners better understand what ③has made Du’s works so special.In a way，the documentary ④has been displaying the charm of traditional Chinese literature to the world，inspiring more people around the globe to learn Chinese Tang poems.
以上短文中①③的时态都是 ，其主动语态的结构是________
，被动语态的结构是 ；②④的时态都是_____
，其结构是 。
现在完成时
返 回
has/have
done
has/have been done
现在
完成进行时
has/have been doing
语法精讲
一、现在完成进行时的形式
肯定式：have/has been doing
否定式：have/has not been doing
疑问式：Have/Has＋主语＋been doing...
Our government has been using PSAs to educate people for many years.
多年来，我们的政府一直在用公益广告来教育人们。
She has not been communicating with others verbally for the last four years，except for a few words now and then.
在过去的四年里，她一直没有和他人进行口头交流，除了偶尔蹦出几个词。
Has he been buying and selling since he succeeded to that big fortune，a million dollars
自从他继承了那一百万美元的巨款后，他一直都在做买卖工作吗？
二、现在完成进行时的用法
1.延续：表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动往往还没有结束，将继续持续下去。
—Why，Jack You look so tired!
—Well，I have been painting the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
——怎么了，杰克？你看上去很累啊！
——对，我一直在粉刷屋子，而且明天必须得刷完。(强调一直在做，并且还将持续)
Mary has been going to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week.
从6月以来，玛丽每天晚上去上写作课，这个课程将于这周结束。(玛丽每晚上写作课的活动从过去持续到说话时刻，还在继续进行)
2.重复：到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。
—Isn’t it hard to drive to downtown to work
—Yes，that’s why I have been going to work by train.
——开车去市中心上班难道不麻烦吗？
——很麻烦，这就是我一直坐火车去上班的原因。(到现在一直坐火车去上班，强调重复性和持续性)
Since humankind started gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful.
自从人类开始从事园艺活动，我们一直都在努力让我们的环境更美丽。(表示到现在一直努力做，强调重复性和持续性)
3.感彩：和进行时一样，现在完成进行时可以带有说话人的感彩(如赞扬、厌恶、抱怨等)。
Where have you been I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours.
你去哪里了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。(抱怨)
He has been working as a volunteer for fifteen years，which really isn’t an easy thing.
他已经做了十五年的志愿者，这真不是一件容易的事。(赞扬)
三、现在完成进行时需要注意的几点
1.现在完成进行时常和以下时间状语连用：for＋时间段，since，these days/years，recently，all the time，all day/week/afternoon...，how long...等。
Since the first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896，athletes and fans have always been trying to get “their” sports into the Olympics.
自从1896年第一届现代奥林匹克运动会举办以来，运动员及运动爱好者一直努力使“他们的”运动成为奥林匹克运动会上的比赛项目。
2.有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时
(1)表示状态的动词：be，have，exist，belong，own等；
(2)表示感情的动词：like，love，hate等；
(3)表示感觉的动词：see，hear，feel，sound等；
(4)短暂性动词(短语)：finish，marry，get up，come，go等。
(5)其他动词：believe，doubt，want，wish，agree，include，order，know等。
He has had a terrible headache for the last few days.他最近几天头疼得很厉害。
They have finished the work.
他们已经完成了这份工作。
3.现在完成时可以与never，ever，yet，already等连用，而现在完成进行时不能与它们连用。
There is nothing new in the book in that I have already read it three times.
这本书中没有什么新东西，因为我已经看了三遍了。
[疑难辨析]
现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或表达某种情感，还可以表示动作的重复。现在完成时强调动作的完成性，强调对现在产生的影响或结果，一般不表示动作的重复性。
试比较：
(1)They have been discussing the plan for a week，but no decision has been made.
一周以来他们一直在讨论那个计划，但尚未作出任何决定。
(2)They have discussed the plan for a week，and the decision is that they should try their best to attract investors.
他们已经讨论这个计划一周了，决定是他们应该尽最大努力吸引投资者。
分析：
根据句(1)中的no decision 可知没有作出决定，说明讨论这个动作并未完成，之前应该是一直在讨论。使用现在完成进行时表示动作discuss的延续，而且可以反复进行，表示一次又一次的讨论。
根据句(2)中的the decision is that...可知决定已经作出，说明讨论这个动作已经完成。使用现在完成时表示discuss这个动作对现在造成的影响，不表示动作的重复性。
返 回
达标检测
1.We (be) friends ever since we met at school.
2.This is the second time that I (see) the film The Battle at Lake Changjin.
3.I (clean) the room this morning and I have to continue my work.
4.Alice (compete) in the Athens Marathon twice before，but hopes to achieve her best time this year.
5.—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks.It’s because I (practise) a lot these days.
have been
Ⅰ.用括号内动词的适当形式填空
have seen
have been cleaning
has competed
have been practising
6.Mother wants to be a good provider，a role she ____________________
(shoulder) since her marriage to Father.
7.Eric：You (dial) that number all the time since you came into the office.Whom do you want to speak to
Delia：I’m trying to get our Paris office.I (call) it five times and (not get) through yet.What should I do
8.The number of visitors (rise) steadily since the reopening，despite a sharp decline compared to normal years.
has been shouldering
have been dialing
have called
haven’t got
has been rising
9.—I’m fed up with the wet，cold weather here！I wish tomorrow a sunny day!
—Exactly.Actually，it (rain) every day in the past two weeks.
10.Since last month，George，along with some of his former classmates，
(long) for a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.
has been raining
has been longing
1.我已经把门漆过了，现在它看起来像一扇新的。
and now it looks like a new one.
2.史密斯先生和他的学生们日日夜夜都在为这个项目工作，以便提前完成任务。
Mr Smith，along with his students，_______________________________
in order to finish the task ahead of time.
Ⅱ.完成句子
I have painted the door
is working/has been working on the
project day and night
3.——托马斯，你的眼睛为什么红了？
——在过去五分钟里我一直在切洋葱。
—Thomas，why are your eyes red
— for the last five minutes.
4.——狼先生，你这些天在忙什么？
——我一直尽力去抓些山羊，但是到目前为止还没有抓到过一只。
—Mr Wolf，what have you been busy doing these days
— ，but have never caught a single one so far.
I have been cutting up onions
返 回
I have been trying to catch goats
作业3
1.At present we (have) an interesting English class.
2.I (try) to phone her，but I still can’t get through.
3.All the machines (repair) by the end of last week.
4.I (live) here for 10 years and I don’t intend to leave here.
5.So far，more patients (treat) in hospital this year than last year.
6.He (attend) an important conference at this time tomorrow.
are having
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
have been trying
had been repaired
have been living
have been treated
will be attending
7.This is the first time that I (visit) the city museum，which has a great effect on me.
8.What surprises me most is that the countryside (change) a lot in the past few days.
9.Ever since I entered university，I (study) marketing strategies and I will graduate next July.
10.Up to now he (write) 100 poems，which are popular with children all over the country.
have visited
has changed
have been studying
has written
1.我很累，我整个上午一直在工作。
I’m very tired and .
2.她的电话响了十分钟了，她为什么不接呢？
Her phone .Why doesn’t she answer it
3.我已经等了一个小时了，他还没有出现。
I and he hasn’t turned up yet.
Ⅱ.完成句子
I’ve been working all morning
has been ringing for ten minutes
have been waiting for an hour
4.泰山已成为中国最重要的旅游景点之一。
Mount Tai in China.
5.在过去的几十年里，高铁极大地改变了中国人的出行方式。
In the past few decades，the high-speed rail ________________________
.
6.近年来，越来越多的中国城市开始建造地铁，减少了交通拥堵和空气污染。
In recent years，________________________________________________
，reducing traffic congestion and air pollution.
has become one of the leading tourist attractions
has greatly changed Chinese
people’s way of traveling
more and more cities in China have begun to build
subways
A
(2025·湖北高二上期末)
“I never thought that I would beat the tumor，” says a cancer patient in Lanzhou in Northwest China’s Gansu Province.The man adds that he is particularly grateful for heavy ion(离子) therapy he received，at a follow-up visit following several rounds of treatment revealing that his cancer cells had disappeared.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是中国重离子加速器治疗癌症的发展和成果。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
A research team from the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed the country’s first medical heavy ion accelerator with independent intellectual property rights，and put it into clinical application.Cancer treatments employing heavy ion accelerators can bombard a target with high-energy electrons to kill cancer pared to traditional therapy such as radiation，heavy ion treatment is considered to be more balanced，exposing healthy cells to less radiation.The treatment period is shorter and the therapy can more effectively control cancer cells.
In 1993，researchers proposed to carry out basic research on heavy ion cancer treatment during an academic conference held in Tianshui，Gansu.In 2006，China followed the United States，Japan and Germany to become the fourth country to successfully carry out heavy ion clinical treatment，when four cancer patients participated in preliminary clinical trials for heavy ion therapy.In 2015，China’s first such accelerator，with independent intellectual property rights，rolled off the production line in Wuwei，in Gansu.On March 26,2020，the accelerator was put into operation，and by the end of June this year，more than 750 patients completed their therapy at Wuwei’s heavy ion treatment center，with remarkable curative effects.The follow-up statistics showed that the three-year local tumor control rate reached 84 percent among 46 clinical trial participants.
Heavy ion therapy is highly effective in treating a wide range of solid tumors and can be used in cases where surgery is not possible or unsuitable，when a patient is sensitive to conventional radiation therapy，or prone to relapse following such therapy.This includes tumors located in the central nervous system，head，neck，skull base，chest and abdomen.So far there have been several cases where people have recovered from cancers by the therapy.
1.Why is the man in paragraph 1 mentioned
A.To celebrate a successful treatment.
B.To bring up a new kind of therapy.
C.To show his cancer cells had disappeared.
D.To show the man is brave and lucky.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The man adds that he is particularly grateful for heavy ion(离子) therapy he received，at a follow-up visit following several rounds of treatment revealing that his cancer cells had disappeared.”和第二段中“A research team from the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed the country’s first medical heavy ion accelerator with independent intellectual property rights，and put it into clinical application.”可知，第一段提到那个男人是为了引出一种新的治疗方法。故选B。
解析
2.What can we learn about the heavy ion treatment according to paragraph 2
A.China is the first country to carry out heavy ion clinical treatment.
B.In 2006，the United States，Japan and Germany successfully carried
out heavy ion clinical treatment.
C.Heavy ion cancer treatment is more beneficial to patients than traditional
therapies such as radiation.
D.Heavy ion cancer treatment is of great help in treating a certain kind of
tumor.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Compared to traditional therapy such as radiation，heavy ion treatment is considered to be more balanced，exposing healthy cells to less radiation.The treatment period is shorter and the therapy can more effectively control cancer cells.”可知，重离子癌症治疗比放射等传统疗法对患者更有益。故选C。
解析
3.What is the author talking about in paragraph 3
A.The time of the heavy ion cancer treatment.
B.The reason why researchers develop heavy ion cancer treatment.
C.Persons benefiting from heavy ion cancer treatment.
D.The development of heavy ion cancer treatment in China.
√
段落大意题。根据第三段“In 1993，researchers proposed to carry out basic research on heavy ion cancer treatment...In 2006，China followed the United States，Japan and Germany to become the fourth country to successfully carry out heavy ion clinical treatment...In 2015，China’s first such accelerator，with independent intellectual property rights，rolled off the production line in Wuwei，in Gansu.On March 26,2020，the accelerator was put into operation，and by the end of June this year，more than 750 patients completed their therapy”可知，第三段主要讲的是中国重离子癌症治疗的发展。故选D。
解析
4.What will the author probably do in the following paragraph
A.To give some successful examples of the new treatment.
B.To explain the process of the new treatment.
C.To show the difficulty of the new treatment.
D.To conclude the value of the new treatment.
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“So far there have been several cases where people have recovered from cancers by the therapy.”可知，在接下来的段落里作者很可能会举出一些新疗法的成功案例。故选A。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
(2025·河南南阳高二上期末)
Adults who had close contact with natural spaces during their childhood could have a better mental health than those who had less contact，according to a new study by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health(IS Global)，an institution supported by “la Calxa，” involving four European cities.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明成人的心理健康可能与童年接触大自然有关，并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的价值。
The all-adult study gave 3,600 participants a questionnaire on how frequently they used natural spaces during childhood—for example，playing in a garden，riding a bike at the park or hiking in a forest.They were also asked about the importance they put on using such places.
Volunteers were then given a psychological test，which included a variety of questionnaires and problem-solving activities，to analyze their nervousness and feelings of depression within a four-week period.
The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure—as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces.
The study’s coordinator(协调员)，Wilma Zijlema，wrote that the results “show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development of a nature-appreciating attitude and a healthy psychological state in adulthood”.She also stressed the importance of “recognizing the meaning of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature”.
According to the study,73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces.Mark Nieuwenhuijsen，director of IS Global’s Urban Planning，said that “Many children in Europe lead an indoors lifestyle，so it would be desirable to make natural outdoor environments available，attractive and safe for them to play in.We make a call on policymakers to improve the availability of natural spaces for children and green school yards.”
While this study was based in Europe，a lack of green space can affect anyone，anywhere.So remember to make time to immerse yourself in nature，as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.
5.What can we learn about the study according to paragraph 1
A.It was carried out only in four European cities.
B.It is supported by all the adults who are physically healthy.
C.It indicates the more contact with nature，the happier one’s childhood
will be.
D.It shows adulthood mental health could be related to childhood exposure
to nature.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Adults who had close contact with natural spaces during their childhood could have a better mental health than those who had less contact，according to a new study”可知，研究表明成人的心理健康可能与童年接触大自然有关。故选D。
解析
6.What do we know about the study
A.The participants were from all over the world.
B.The participants included both children and adults.
C.It focused on the participants’ physical health state.
D.It consisted of a questionnaire and a psychological test.
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The all-adult study gave 3,600 participants a questionnaire”以及第三段中“Volunteers were then given a psychological test”可知，这项研究包括一份问卷和一个心理测试。故选D。
解析
√
7.What do paragraphs 5－6 mainly talk about
A.The process of the study.
B.The method of the study.
C.The value of the study.
D.The difficulties of the study.
√
段落大意题。根据第五段“...Wilma Zijlema，wrote that the results ‘show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development...’ She also stressed the importance of ‘recognizing the meaning of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature’.”以及第六段“...73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces...We make a call on policymakers to improve the availability of natural spaces for children and green school yards.”可知，第五、六段主要讲了研究的价值。故选C。
解析
8.Which of the following is a suitable title of the passage
A.Importance of Physical Health
B.Benefits of Natural Green Spaces
C.Values of Psychological Examinations
D.Problems of Europe’s Young Population
√
标题归纳题。根据最后一段“While this study was based in Europe，a lack of green space can affect anyone，anywhere.So remember to make time to immerse yourself in nature，as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要说明了研究表明成人的心理健康可能与童年接触大自然有关，并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的价值。由此可知，B选项“自然绿地的好处”最适合作文章标题。故选B。
解析
1.have contact with 接触到；和……有联系
2.questionnaire n.调查表；问卷
3.problem-solving(合)＝problem＋solving n.寻求答案；解决问题
4.attach importance to 重视；看重
5.stress the importance of...强调……的重要性
6.have access to 使用；接近
7.immerse oneself in 沉浸在；专心于
词汇积累
The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure—as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces.
分析：此句为复合句。that引导宾语从句，两个who引导的都是定语从句，as引导方式状语从句。
翻译：结果一致显示，与童年时接触自然空间较少的人相比，接触自然空间更多的人心理健康程度更高——那些更重视使用绿色空间的人也是如此。
句式分析
(2025·福建三明高二上期末)
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is an ancient system of health and wellness that’s been used in China for thousands of years.It has saved millions of lives by providing vital information on diagnosis(诊断)，treating common medical problems and diseases，and emphasizing prevention.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中医指导下的养生之道。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
If you don’t have previous experience with Chinese culture or medicine，be prepared for a cultural experience. 1 .
A.while protecting yin energy in autumn and winter
B.It’s necessary to the function of various body parts
C.The same is true for the way of health preservation
D.when the body engages in active digestive processes
E.It will relieve your medical condition and enrich your life
F.Winter is the season for storage of everything，including energy
G.Summer is a good season to build up your bodies through exercise
√
根据上文“Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is an ancient system...for a cultural experience.”可知，中医(TCM)是一种古老的保健体系，它能够诊断、治疗常见医疗问题和疾病，并强调预防。如果你之前没有经历过中国文化和中医，请为这一文化经历做好准备。由此可知，E项(它会缓解你的身体状况，丰富你的生活)能够衔接上文。选项中的It指代上文中的a cultural experience。故选E。
解析
Several thousand years ago，The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor put forward the principle that one should develop yang energy in spring and summer， 2 .And in China’s long history，the principle has proven of great value for good health and longevity of life.
A.while protecting yin energy in autumn and winter
B.It’s necessary to the function of various body parts
C.The same is true for the way of health preservation
D.when the body engages in active digestive processes
E.It will relieve your medical condition and enrich your life
F.Winter is the season for storage of everything，including energy
G.Summer is a good season to build up your bodies through exercise
√
根据上文“Several thousand years ago，The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor put forward the principle that one should develop yang energy in spring and summer”可知，几千年前《黄帝内经》提出了春夏养阳的原则，由此可推知，A项(同时秋冬要保阴)能够衔接上文，符合语境。选项中的yin energy对应上文中的yang energy，autumn and winter对应上文中的spring and summer。故选A。
解析
According to TCM theory，yang energy is the power for inner organs. 3 .“Summer treatment” takes advantage of abundant yang energy in nature during summer，when yang energy is outward and upward.It’s the right time to supplement(补充) yang energy by internal or external traditional Chinese medicine methods.This helps to adjust to the balance of yin and yang in the body.
A.while protecting yin energy in autumn and winter
B.It’s necessary to the function of various body parts
C.The same is true for the way of health preservation
D.when the body engages in active digestive processes
E.It will relieve your medical condition and enrich your life
F.Winter is the season for storage of everything，including energy
G.Summer is a good season to build up your bodies through exercise
√
根据上文“According to TCM theory，yang energy is the power for inner organs.”可知，此处介绍了阳气对内脏的重要性。由此可知，B项(它对身体各部位的功能是必要的)能够衔接上文，继续讲述阳气的功能，符合语境。选项中的It指代上文中的yang energy。故选B。
解析
4 .Therefore，it’s the best time for the human body to supplement essence and store vital substances throughout the whole year.TCM holds that Gao Fang，the cream formula，is the best choice for tonification(滋补) in winter.By adjusting qi，blood，yin and yang of the body，it can achieve the effects of treatment，regulation，and nourishment.
A.while protecting yin energy in autumn and winter
B.It’s necessary to the function of various body parts
C.The same is true for the way of health preservation
D.when the body engages in active digestive processes
E.It will relieve your medical condition and enrich your life
F.Winter is the season for storage of everything，including energy
G.Summer is a good season to build up your bodies through exercise
√
根据下文“Therefore，it is the best time for the human body to supplement essence and store vital substances throughout the whole year.TCM holds that Gao Fang，the cream formula，is the best choice for tonification(滋补) in winter.”可知，本段在讲述冬季滋补的问题。由此可知，F项(冬天是储存一切东西的季节，包括能量)能够引起下文，符合语境。故选F。
解析
“Sprouting in spring，growing in summer，harvesting in autumn and storing in winter” is the law of development in nature. 5 .It needs to be in agreement with timing and the seasons.With such direction，ancient Chinese people handed down to later generations medical texts for an orderly-arranged daily life.
A.while protecting yin energy in autumn and winter
B.It’s necessary to the function of various body parts
C.The same is true for the way of health preservation
D.when the body engages in active digestive processes
E.It will relieve your medical condition and enrich your life
F.Winter is the season for storage of everything，including energy
G.Summer is a good season to build up your bodies through exercise
√
根据上文“‘Sprouting in spring，growing in summer，harvesting in autumn and storing in winter’ is the law of development in nature.”及下文“It needs to be in agreement with timing and the seasons.”可知，养生也应该顺应自然界的发展规律，与时间和季节保持一致。由此可知，C项(养生之道亦是如此)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
解析
(2025·福建福州高二上期末)
For thousands of years，the Chinese 1._________________________
(use) acupuncture(针灸) to ease pain and treat illnesses.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中医针灸的历史以及原理。
have been using/have used
考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，与主语the Chinese之间是主动关系，结合时间状语For thousands of years可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been using/have used。
解析
Ⅴ.语法填空
Evolving from the discovery 2. using stone needles on specific points on the surface of the body could get rid of pain and disease，acupuncture has become an 3._________(essence) part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)，in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature.
that
essential
2.考查同位语从句。“using stone needles on specific points on the surface of the body could get rid of pain and disease”是对名词discovery内容的说明，是同位语从句，从句不缺少成分、句意完整，用只起连接作用、无实义的连词that引导。故填that。
3.考查形容词。此处修饰名词part，应用形容词essential作定语。故填essential。
解析
As 4. (document) in Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago，Bian Que,5. highly skilled physician during the Warring States Period(475—221 BC)，was famous for having helped a prince to “wake up” after an accident by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint(百会穴) on the prince’s head.
documented
a
4.考查as引导的定语从句的省略。分析句子可知，“As (document) in Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago”是定语从句，原句为“As is documented in...”。as引导的非限制性定语从句中，如果句子时态为一般现在时或一般过去时，从句中的be动词通常可以省略，成为“as＋过去分词”结构。故填documented。
5.考查冠词。句中physician为单数可数名词，其前需要有限定词，结合句意可知，此处指的是“一位”医生，表示泛指，所以应用不定冠词，空格后单词highly的首字母发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
解析
According to TCM，there are a dozen meridians(经络) in the human body,6.______ the qi，or life energy moves about to help keep the organs healthy.
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词meridians，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
解析
where
Cold，infections or diseases can result 7. the blocking of this energy，so 8. (stimulate) the acupoints can unblock the “stuck” qi，restore normal blood flow and improve health.
from
7.考查介词。result from...是固定搭配，意为“由……引起；是……造成的”。故填from。
8.考查非谓语动词。设空处作句子的主语，且描述的是一般性行为，应用动名词形式stimulating。故填stimulating。
解析
stimulating
In 2010，UNESCO 9. (include) acupuncture and moxibustion (灸法) of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.Yet，the practice is not just cultural and historical—it’s a medical technique 10. (wide) used and researched today.
included
9.考查动词时态。设空处在句中作谓语，与主语UNESCO之间是主动关系，结合时间状语In 2010可知，讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填included。
10.考查副词。提示词修饰动词used，用副词widely“广泛地”，作状语。故填widely。
解析
widely
返 回
本课结束Period 3　Grammar and usage—Present perfect continuous tense
阅读以下短文，感悟加黑部分所使用的时态和语态
Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，a BBC one-hour documentary，was launched on April 6,2020.It is the first time that Du’s life ①has been put in a global context.For the Chinese，Du is more than a poet；he ②has been acting as the guardian of the morality of the nation up to date.Born in 712，Du lived through the violent fall of the Tang Dynasty when wars，floods and famines almost ruined the country.In his poems，he poured out his concern for his country and people as well as the importance of celebrating the few simple joys of life.
This documentary is a must-see.To help Western audiences make sense of the poet’s great achievements in literature，Du is compared to China’s Shakespeare in this documentary.Also the program invited McKellen，who played Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings movies，to read 15 of Du’s poems that had been translated into English.These can help foreigners better understand what ③has made Du’s works so special.In a way，the documentary ④has been displaying the charm of traditional Chinese literature to the world，inspiring more people around the globe to learn Chinese Tang poems.
以上短文中①③的时态都是现在完成时，其主动语态的结构是has/have done，被动语态的结构是has/have been done；②④的时态都是现在完成进行时，其结构是has/have been doing。
一、现在完成进行时的形式
肯定式：have/has been doing
否定式：have/has not been doing
疑问式：Have/Has＋主语＋been doing...
Our government has been using PSAs to educate people for many years.
多年来，我们的政府一直在用公益广告来教育人们。
She has not been communicating with others verbally for the last four years，except for a few words now and then.
在过去的四年里，她一直没有和他人进行口头交流，除了偶尔蹦出几个词。
Has he been buying and selling since he succeeded to that big fortune，a million dollars
自从他继承了那一百万美元的巨款后，他一直都在做买卖工作吗？
二、现在完成进行时的用法
1．延续：表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动往往还没有结束，将继续持续下去。
—Why，Jack You look so tired!
—Well，I have been painting the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
——怎么了，杰克？你看上去很累啊！
——对，我一直在粉刷屋子，而且明天必须得刷完。(强调一直在做，并且还将持续)
Mary has been going to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week.
从6月以来，玛丽每天晚上去上写作课，这个课程将于这周结束。(玛丽每晚上写作课的活动从过去持续到说话时刻，还在继续进行)
2．重复：到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。
—Isn’t it hard to drive to downtown to work
—Yes，that’s why I have been going to work by train.
——开车去市中心上班难道不麻烦吗？
——很麻烦，这就是我一直坐火车去上班的原因。(到现在一直坐火车去上班，强调重复性和持续性)
Since humankind started gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful.
自从人类开始从事园艺活动，我们一直都在努力让我们的环境更美丽。(表示到现在一直努力做，强调重复性和持续性)
3．感彩：和进行时一样，现在完成进行时可以带有说话人的感彩(如赞扬、厌恶、抱怨等)。
Where have you been I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours.
你去哪里了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。(抱怨)
He has been working as a volunteer for fifteen years，which really isn’t an easy thing.
他已经做了十五年的志愿者，这真不是一件容易的事。(赞扬)
三、现在完成进行时需要注意的几点
1．现在完成进行时常和以下时间状语连用：for＋时间段，since，these days/years，recently，all the time，all day/week/afternoon...，how long...等。
Since the first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896，athletes and fans have always been trying to get “their” sports into the Olympics.
自从1896年第一届现代奥林匹克运动会举办以来，运动员及运动爱好者一直努力使“他们的”运动成为奥林匹克运动会上的比赛项目。
2．有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时
(1)表示状态的动词：be，have，exist，belong，own等；
(2)表示感情的动词：like，love，hate等；
(3)表示感觉的动词：see，hear，feel，sound等；
(4)短暂性动词(短语)：finish，marry，get up，come，go等。
(5)其他动词：believe，doubt，want，wish，agree，include，order，know等。
He has had a terrible headache for the last few days.他最近几天头疼得很厉害。
They have finished the work.
他们已经完成了这份工作。
3．现在完成时可以与never，ever，yet，already等连用，而现在完成进行时不能与它们连用。
There is nothing new in the book in that I have already read it three times.
这本书中没有什么新东西，因为我已经看了三遍了。
疑难辨析
现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或表达某种情感，还可以表示动作的重复。现在完成时强调动作的完成性，强调对现在产生的影响或结果，一般不表示动作的重复性。
试比较：
(1)They have been discussing the plan for a week，but no decision has been made.
一周以来他们一直在讨论那个计划，但尚未作出任何决定。
(2)They have discussed the plan for a week，and the decision is that they should try their best to attract investors.
他们已经讨论这个计划一周了，决定是他们应该尽最大努力吸引投资者。
分析：
根据句(1)中的no decision 可知没有作出决定，说明讨论这个动作并未完成，之前应该是一直在讨论。使用现在完成进行时表示动作discuss的延续，而且可以反复进行，表示一次又一次的讨论。
根据句(2)中的the decision is that...可知决定已经作出，说明讨论这个动作已经完成。使用现在完成时表示discuss这个动作对现在造成的影响，不表示动作的重复性。
Ⅰ.用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1．We have been(be) friends ever since we met at school.
2．This is the second time that I have seen(see) the film The Battle at Lake Changjin.
3．I have been cleaning(clean) the room this morning and I have to continue my work.
4．Alice has competed(compete) in the Athens Marathon twice before，but hopes to achieve her best time this year.
5．—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks.It’s because I have been practising(practise) a lot these days.
6．Mother wants to be a good provider，a role she has been shouldering(shoulder) since her marriage to Father.
7．Eric：You have been dialing(dial) that number all the time since you came into the office.Whom do you want to speak to
Delia：I’m trying to get our Paris office.I have called(call) it five times and haven’t got(not get) through yet.What should I do
8．The number of visitors has been rising(rise) steadily since the reopening，despite a sharp decline compared to normal years.
9．—I’m fed up with the wet，cold weather here！I wish tomorrow a sunny day!
—Exactly.Actually，it has been raining(rain) every day in the past two weeks.
10．Since last month，George，along with some of his former classmates，has been longing(long) for a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我已经把门漆过了，现在它看起来像一扇新的。
I have painted the door and now it looks like a new one.
2．史密斯先生和他的学生们日日夜夜都在为这个项目工作，以便提前完成任务。
Mr Smith，along with his students，is working/has been working on the project day and night in order to finish the task ahead of time.
3．——托马斯，你的眼睛为什么红了？
——在过去五分钟里我一直在切洋葱。
—Thomas，why are your eyes red
—I have been cutting up onions for the last five minutes.
4．——狼先生，你这些天在忙什么？
——我一直尽力去抓些山羊，但是到目前为止还没有抓到过一只。
—Mr Wolf，what have you been busy doing these days
—I have been trying to catch goats，but have never caught a single one so far.
作业3　Grammar and usage
[分值：80.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．At present we are having(have) an interesting English class.
2．I have been trying(try) to phone her，but I still can’t get through.
3．All the machines had been repaired(repair) by the end of last week.
4．I have been living(live) here for 10 years and I don’t intend to leave here.
5．So far，more patients have been treated(treat) in hospital this year than last year.
6．He will be attending (attend) an important conference at this time tomorrow.
7．This is the first time that I have visited(visit) the city museum，which has a great effect on me.
8．What surprises me most is that the countryside has changed(change) a lot in the past few days.
9．Ever since I entered university，I have been studying(study) marketing strategies and I will graduate next July.
10．Up to now he has written(write) 100 poems，which are popular with children all over the country.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共6小题；每小题3分，满分18分)
1．我很累，我整个上午一直在工作。
I’m very tired and I’ve been working all morning.
2．她的电话响了十分钟了，她为什么不接呢？
Her phone has been ringing for ten minutes.Why doesn’t she answer it
3．我已经等了一个小时了，他还没有出现。
I have been waiting for an hour and he hasn’t turned up yet.
4．泰山已成为中国最重要的旅游景点之一。
Mount Tai has become one of the leading tourist attractions in China.
5．在过去的几十年里，高铁极大地改变了中国人的出行方式。
In the past few decades，the high-speed rail has greatly changed Chinese people’s way of traveling.
6．近年来，越来越多的中国城市开始建造地铁，减少了交通拥堵和空气污染。
In recent years，more and more cities in China have begun to build subways，reducing traffic congestion and air pollution.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·湖北高二上期末)
“I never thought that I would beat the tumor，” says a cancer patient in Lanzhou in Northwest China’s Gansu Province.The man adds that he is particularly grateful for heavy ion(离子) therapy he received，at a follow-up visit following several rounds of treatment revealing that his cancer cells had disappeared.
A research team from the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed the country’s first medical heavy ion accelerator with independent intellectual property rights，and put it into clinical application.Cancer treatments employing heavy ion accelerators can bombard a target with high-energy electrons to kill cancer pared to traditional therapy such as radiation，heavy ion treatment is considered to be more balanced，exposing healthy cells to less radiation.The treatment period is shorter and the therapy can more effectively control cancer cells.
In 1993，researchers proposed to carry out basic research on heavy ion cancer treatment during an academic conference held in Tianshui，Gansu.In 2006，China followed the United States，Japan and Germany to become the fourth country to successfully carry out heavy ion clinical treatment，when four cancer patients participated in preliminary clinical trials for heavy ion therapy.In 2015，China’s first such accelerator，with independent intellectual property rights，rolled off the production line in Wuwei，in Gansu.On March 26,2020，the accelerator was put into operation，and by the end of June this year，more than 750 patients completed their therapy at Wuwei’s heavy ion treatment center，with remarkable curative effects.The follow-up statistics showed that the three-year local tumor control rate reached 84 percent among 46 clinical trial participants.
Heavy ion therapy is highly effective in treating a wide range of solid tumors and can be used in cases where surgery is not possible or unsuitable，when a patient is sensitive to conventional radiation therapy，or prone to relapse following such therapy.This includes tumors located in the central nervous system，head，neck，skull base，chest and abdomen.So far there have been several cases where people have recovered from cancers by the therapy.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是中国重离子加速器治疗癌症的发展和成果。
1．Why is the man in paragraph 1 mentioned
A．To celebrate a successful treatment.
B．To bring up a new kind of therapy.
C．To show his cancer cells had disappeared.
D．To show the man is brave and lucky.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“The man adds that he is particularly grateful for heavy ion(离子) therapy he received，at a follow-up visit following several rounds of treatment revealing that his cancer cells had disappeared.”和第二段中“A research team from the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed the country’s first medical heavy ion accelerator with independent intellectual property rights，and put it into clinical application.”可知，第一段提到那个男人是为了引出一种新的治疗方法。故选B。
2．What can we learn about the heavy ion treatment according to paragraph 2
A．China is the first country to carry out heavy ion clinical treatment.
B．In 2006，the United States，Japan and Germany successfully carried out heavy ion clinical treatment.
C．Heavy ion cancer treatment is more beneficial to patients than traditional therapies such as radiation.
D．Heavy ion cancer treatment is of great help in treating a certain kind of tumor.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Compared to traditional therapy such as radiation，heavy ion treatment is considered to be more balanced，exposing healthy cells to less radiation.The treatment period is shorter and the therapy can more effectively control cancer cells.”可知，重离子癌症治疗比放射等传统疗法对患者更有益。故选C。
3．What is the author talking about in paragraph 3
A．The time of the heavy ion cancer treatment.
B．The reason why researchers develop heavy ion cancer treatment.
C．Persons benefiting from heavy ion cancer treatment.
D．The development of heavy ion cancer treatment in China.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。根据第三段“In 1993，researchers proposed to carry out basic research on heavy ion cancer treatment...In 2006，China followed the United States，Japan and Germany to become the fourth country to successfully carry out heavy ion clinical treatment...In 2015，China’s first such accelerator，with independent intellectual property rights，rolled off the production line in Wuwei，in Gansu.On March 26,2020，the accelerator was put into operation，and by the end of June this year，more than 750 patients completed their therapy”可知，第三段主要讲的是中国重离子癌症治疗的发展。故选D。
4．What will the author probably do in the following paragraph
A．To give some successful examples of the new treatment.
B．To explain the process of the new treatment.
C．To show the difficulty of the new treatment.
D．To conclude the value of the new treatment.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“So far there have been several cases where people have recovered from cancers by the therapy.”可知，在接下来的段落里作者很可能会举出一些新疗法的成功案例。故选A。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·河南南阳高二上期末)
Adults who had close contact with natural spaces during their childhood could have a better mental health than those who had less contact，according to a new study by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health(IS Global)，an institution supported by “la Calxa，” involving four European cities.
The all-adult study gave 3,600 participants a questionnaire on how frequently they used natural spaces during childhood—for example，playing in a garden，riding a bike at the park or hiking in a forest.They were also asked about the importance they put on using such places.
Volunteers were then given a psychological test，which included a variety of questionnaires and problem-solving activities，to analyze their nervousness and feelings of depression within a four-week period.
The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure—as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces.
The study’s coordinator(协调员)，Wilma Zijlema，wrote that the results “show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development of a nature-appreciating attitude and a healthy psychological state in adulthood”．She also stressed the importance of “recognizing the meaning of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature”．
According to the study,73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces.Mark Nieuwenhuijsen，director of IS Global’s Urban Planning，said that “Many children in Europe lead an indoors lifestyle，so it would be desirable to make natural outdoor environments available，attractive and safe for them to play in.We make a call on policymakers to improve the availability of natural spaces for children and green school yards.”
While this study was based in Europe，a lack of green space can affect anyone，anywhere.So remember to make time to immerse yourself in nature，as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明成人的心理健康可能与童年接触大自然有关，并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的价值。
5．What can we learn about the study according to paragraph 1
A．It was carried out only in four European cities.
B．It is supported by all the adults who are physically healthy.
C．It indicates the more contact with nature，the happier one’s childhood will be.
D．It shows adulthood mental health could be related to childhood exposure to nature.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Adults who had close contact with natural spaces during their childhood could have a better mental health than those who had less contact，according to a new study”可知，研究表明成人的心理健康可能与童年接触大自然有关。故选D。
6．What do we know about the study
A．The participants were from all over the world.
B．The participants included both children and adults.
C．It focused on the participants’ physical health state.
D．It consisted of a questionnaire and a psychological test.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The all-adult study gave 3,600 participants a questionnaire”以及第三段中“Volunteers were then given a psychological test”可知，这项研究包括一份问卷和一个心理测试。故选D。
7．What do paragraphs 5－6 mainly talk about
A．The process of the study.
B．The method of the study.
C．The value of the study.
D．The difficulties of the study.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据第五段“...Wilma Zijlema，wrote that the results ‘show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development...’ She also stressed the importance of ‘recognizing the meaning of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature’．”以及第六段“...73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces...We make a call on policymakers to improve the availability of natural spaces for children and green school yards.”可知，第五、六段主要讲了研究的价值。故选C。
8．Which of the following is a suitable title of the passage
A．Importance of Physical Health
B．Benefits of Natural Green Spaces
C．Values of Psychological Examinations
D．Problems of Europe’s Young Population
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。根据最后一段“While this study was based in Europe，a lack of green space can affect anyone，anywhere.So remember to make time to immerse yourself in nature，as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要说明了研究表明成人的心理健康可能与童年接触大自然有关，并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的价值。由此可知，B选项“自然绿地的好处”最适合作文章标题。故选B。
[词汇积累] 1．have contact with 接触到；和……有联系 2．questionnaire n．调查表；问卷 3．problem-solving(合)＝problem＋solving n．寻求答案；解决问题 4．attach importance to 重视；看重 5．stress the importance of...强调……的重要性 6．have access to 使用；接近 7．immerse oneself in 沉浸在；专心于 [句式分析] The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure—as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces. 分析：此句为复合句。that引导宾语从句，两个who引导的都是定语从句，as引导方式状语从句。 翻译：结果一致显示，与童年时接触自然空间较少的人相比，接触自然空间更多的人心理健康程度更高——那些更重视使用绿色空间的人也是如此。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·福建三明高二上期末)
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is an ancient system of health and wellness that’s been used in China for thousands of years.It has saved millions of lives by providing vital information on diagnosis(诊断)，treating common medical problems and diseases，and emphasizing prevention.If you don’t have previous experience with Chinese culture or medicine，be prepared for a cultural experience. 1 .
Several thousand years ago，The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor put forward the principle that one should develop yang energy in spring and summer， 2 .And in China’s long history，the principle has proven of great value for good health and longevity of life.
According to TCM theory，yang energy is the power for inner organs. 3 .“Summer treatment” takes advantage of abundant yang energy in nature during summer，when yang energy is outward and upward.It’s the right time to supplement(补充) yang energy by internal or external traditional Chinese medicine methods.This helps to adjust to the balance of yin and yang in the body.
4 .Therefore，it’s the best time for the human body to supplement essence and store vital substances throughout the whole year.TCM holds that Gao Fang，the cream formula，is the best choice for tonification(滋补) in winter.By adjusting qi，blood，yin and yang of the body，it can achieve the effects of treatment，regulation，and nourishment.
“Sprouting in spring，growing in summer，harvesting in autumn and storing in winter” is the law of development in nature. 5 .It needs to be in agreement with timing and the seasons.With such direction，ancient Chinese people handed down to later generations medical texts for an orderly-arranged daily life.
A．while protecting yin energy in autumn and winter
B．It’s necessary to the function of various body parts
C．The same is true for the way of health preservation
D．when the body engages in active digestive processes
E．It will relieve your medical condition and enrich your life
F．Winter is the season for storage of everything，including energy
G．Summer is a good season to build up your bodies through exercise
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中医指导下的养生之道。
1．答案　E
解析　根据上文“Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is an ancient system...for a cultural experience.”可知，中医(TCM)是一种古老的保健体系，它能够诊断、治疗常见医疗问题和疾病，并强调预防。如果你之前没有经历过中国文化和中医，请为这一文化经历做好准备。由此可知，E项(它会缓解你的身体状况，丰富你的生活)能够衔接上文。选项中的It指代上文中的a cultural experience。故选E。
2．答案　A
解析　根据上文“Several thousand years ago，The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor put forward the principle that one should develop yang energy in spring and summer”可知，几千年前《黄帝内经》提出了春夏养阳的原则，由此可推知，A项(同时秋冬要保阴)能够衔接上文，符合语境。选项中的yin energy对应上文中的yang energy，autumn and winter对应上文中的spring and summer。故选A。
3．答案　B
解析　根据上文“According to TCM theory，yang energy is the power for inner organs.”可知，此处介绍了阳气对内脏的重要性。由此可知，B项(它对身体各部位的功能是必要的)能够衔接上文，继续讲述阳气的功能，符合语境。选项中的It指代上文中的yang energy。故选B。
4．答案　F
解析　根据下文“Therefore，it is the best time for the human body to supplement essence and store vital substances throughout the whole year.TCM holds that Gao Fang，the cream formula，is the best choice for tonification(滋补) in winter.”可知，本段在讲述冬季滋补的问题。由此可知，F项(冬天是储存一切东西的季节，包括能量)能够引起下文，符合语境。故选F。
5．答案　C
解析　根据上文“‘Sprouting in spring，growing in summer，harvesting in autumn and storing in winter’ is the law of development in nature.”及下文“It needs to be in agreement with timing and the seasons.”可知，养生也应该顺应自然界的发展规律，与时间和季节保持一致。由此可知，C项(养生之道亦是如此)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·福建福州高二上期末)
For thousands of years，the Chinese 1. (use) acupuncture(针灸) to ease pain and treat illnesses.Evolving from the discovery 2. using stone needles on specific points on the surface of the body could get rid of pain and disease，acupuncture has become an 3._________(essence) part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)，in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature.
As 4. (document) in Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago，Bian Que,5. highly skilled physician during the Warring States Period(475—221 BC)，was famous for having helped a prince to “wake up” after an accident by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint(百会穴) on the prince’s head.
According to TCM，there are a dozen meridians(经络) in the human body,6.___________ the qi，or life energy moves about to help keep the organs healthy.Cold，infections or diseases can result 7. the blocking of this energy，so 8. (stimulate) the acupoints can unblock the “stuck” qi，restore normal blood flow and improve health.
In 2010，UNESCO 9. (include) acupuncture and moxibustion(灸法) of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.Yet，the practice is not just cultural and historical—it’s a medical technique 10. (wide) used and researched today.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中医针灸的历史以及原理。
1．答案　have been using/have used
解析　考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，与主语the Chinese之间是主动关系，结合时间状语For thousands of years可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been using/have used。
2．答案　that
解析　考查同位语从句。“using stone needles on specific points on the surface of the body could get rid of pain and disease”是对名词discovery内容的说明，是同位语从句，从句不缺少成分、句意完整，用只起连接作用、无实义的连词that引导。故填that。
3．答案　essential
解析　考查形容词。此处修饰名词part，应用形容词essential作定语。故填essential。
4．答案　documented
解析　考查as引导的定语从句的省略。分析句子可知，“As (document) in Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago”是定语从句，原句为“As is documented in...”。as引导的非限制性定语从句中，如果句子时态为一般现在时或一般过去时，从句中的be动词通常可以省略，成为“as＋过去分词”结构。故填documented。
5．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。句中physician为单数可数名词，其前需要有限定词，结合句意可知，此处指的是“一位”医生，表示泛指，所以应用不定冠词，空格后单词highly的首字母发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
6．答案　where
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词meridians，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
7．答案　from
解析　考查介词。result from...是固定搭配，意为“由……引起；是……造成的”。故填from。
8．答案　stimulating
解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处作句子的主语，且描述的是一般性行为，应用动名词形式stimulating。故填stimulating。
9．答案　included
解析　考查动词时态。设空处在句中作谓语，与主语UNESCO之间是主动关系，结合时间状语In 2010可知，讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填included。
10．答案　widely
解析　考查副词。提示词修饰动词used，用副词widely“广泛地”，作状语。故填widely。

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