资源简介

(共66张PPT)
Period 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Living with technology
Unit 4
内容索引
Step 1　速读——整体感知
Step 2　细读——精研语篇
Step 3　剖析——长句难句
作业1
Step 4　达标检测
速读——整体感知
What is the main idea of the passage
A.The advantages of artificial intelligence.
B.The disadvantages of artificial intelligence.
C.The applications of artificial intelligence in the future.
D.The development，application of AI and people’s concern about it.
√
Ⅰ.明文章大意
返 回
branch
history
applied
concerns and fears
careful
come true
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
细读——精研语篇
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why does the author begin the article with a vision
A.To stress the point.
B.To convey humor.
C.To introduce the topic.
D.To describe a phenomenon.
√
2.What makes the dream of “AI” come true
A.That the term was coined in the mid-1950s.
B.That computers have developed since the 1940s.
C.That the theory was explored by Alan Turing.
D.That a computer program defeated the best human Go player.
√
3.What does the author mean by saying “we are at a turning point in history”？
A.Domestic robots can help us do everything.
B.Intelligent robots will work to our advantage.
C.Autonomous machines can do much work for us.
D.We are approaching the boundary between humans and machines.
√
4.Why does the author quote the words by Stephen Hawking
A.To show the author likes Stephen Hawking very much.
B.To show the author’s attitude.
C.To inform readers of the good saying.
D.To make the author’s opinion more convincing.
√
5.What can we learn from the passage
A.Every coin has two sides.
B.It never rains but it pours.
C.Put the cart before the horse.
D.It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
√
返 回
剖析——长句难句
1.It may seem like building castles in the air，but given the rate at which artificial intelligence，or AI，is being developed，in the future such dreams may actually come true.(P44 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。but连接两个并列分句，后一分句中given为介词，意为“ ”；at which...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的_____从句，修饰先行词rate。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列复合
考虑到；鉴于
定语
也许这看上去像建造空中楼阁一样不切实际，但是考虑到目前人工智能(AI)的发展速度，将来这样的梦想真的很可能会实现。
2.At the basic level，artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines.(P44 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。that引导 从句，修饰先行词 ，that在从句中作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
定语
branch
主语
从基础层面上讲，人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支学科，其目标是研发智能机器。
3.To achieve this aim，many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward，including “deep learning”，which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions.(P44 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。To achieve this aim是不定式短语作_____
______；which引导 从句，修饰先行词deep learning。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
目的
状语
非限制性定语
为了实现这一目标，人们提出了许多方法来创建真正的人工智能，包括“深度学习”，它使机器能够通过学习以前操作的结果来提高自己的性能。
4.Years before the term “artificial intelligence”was coined in the mid-1950s，the theory had been explored by Alan Turing，one of the pioneers in the field of computer science.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。before引导 从句；名词短语one of the pioneers in the field of computer science作Alan Turing的 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
时间状语
同位语
“人工智能”这个词是在20世纪50年代中期被创造出来的，而在许多年前，计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾伦·图灵就已探索了这一理论。
5.A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997，when Deep Blue，a chess-playing computer，beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.(P45 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。when引导 从句，修饰先行词1997；a chess-playing computer作Deep Blue的 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
非限制性定语
同位语
人工智能的一个重大突破出现在1997年，当时一台名叫深蓝的国际象棋计算机打败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。
6.Then in 2017，a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie，arguably the best human Go player，which demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems.(P45 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。named AlphaGo是过去分词短语作_____
_____，修饰a computer program；arguably the best human Go player作Ke Jie的 ；which引导 从句，修饰 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
后置
定语
同位语
非限制性定语
整个主句
之后在2017年，一个叫做阿尔法围棋的计算机程序打败了可以说是人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这体现了深度学习人工智能系统的一大显著进展。
7.With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes，we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.(P45 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。With machines...their mistakes是with的复合结构作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
简单
状语
有了阿尔法围棋这种现在能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。
8.As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.(P45 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。As引导 从句；posed by the advances in AI是过去分词短语作 ，修饰the dangers。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
返 回
主从复合
时间状语
后置定语
随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
达标检测
Imagine 1. (wake) up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. How cool that would be!
One of the essential aims of AI is 2. (develop) computer intelligence capable of learning from experience，adjusting to new 3.______(input) and performing tasks like humans.To achieve this aim，many approaches 4. creating true AI have been put forward，including “deep learning”.The dream of AI has been around for centuries，and the development of computers since the 1940s has made it 5. reality.
课文语法填空
waking
to develop
inputs
to
a
Nowadays，AI is being applied in many fields：finance，health care，machine translation and art，to name but a few.But 6. is clear that we are at a turning point in history.While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future 7. intelligent robots will be working to our advantage，thinking machines perhaps will 8. (threat) the existence of humans. As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers 9. (pose) by the advances in AI.
10. (apparent)，such warnings demand our attention.We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI.
返 回
it
where
threaten
posed
Apparently
作业1
1.As we all know，finance for education mainly comes from taxpayers.
2.A developing and progressing country does not pose a threat to anyone.
3.The computer acts as a word processor where the text of a speech can be input at any time.
4.The airport to be completed next year will have the capacity to handle 500,000 passengers.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
_______
_____________
_______
_______
n.资金
vt.造成，产生
vt.输入
n.能力
5.The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region，which is famous for its beautiful natural scenery，is near the frontier between China and Vietnam.
__________
adj.自治的
1.Our teacher (敦促) us to study hard with the exam drawing near.
2.To this day，it’s unclear whether he shot himself or was ___________ (谋杀).
3.David (威胁) to report his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.
4.It is predicted that he will be sentenced to 18 months in prison because of the (偷窃).
5.The surgeons and physicians have the capacity to save the (受害者) who are badly injured.
Ⅱ.单词拼写
urges
murdered
threatened
theft
victims
6.Compared to his brother，he has won many friends for his generosity.
7.Scientists have made a massive in protecting personal information.
8. ，everyone knows that global warming only makes climate more extreme.
9.Sometimes，in order to succeed，we have no but to face failure bravely and learn from it.
10.Many of those interviewed said their hometown had changed beyond ____________ over the past five years.
greedy
breakthrough
Apparently
alternative
recognition
A
Imagine a team of humans and robots working together to process online orders.Real-life workers strategically positioned among their automated coworkers who are moving intelligently back and forth in a warehouse(仓库) space，picking items for shipping to the customers.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使搬运机器人更智能，从而加快线上订单的处理过程。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
This could become a reality sooner or later thanks to researchers at the University of Missouri，who are working to speed up the online delivery process by developing a software model designed to make transport robots smarter.
“The robotic technology already exists，” said Sharan Srinivas，who specializes in data analytics and operations research.“Our goal is to best apply this technology through efficient planning.To do this，we’re asking questions like ‘given a list of items to pick，how do you optimize(优化) the route plan for the human pickers and robots？’ or ‘how many items should a robot pick in a given tour？’ Likewise，we have a similar set of questions for the human worker.The most challenging part is optimizing the collaboration plan between the human pickers and robots.”
Currently，a lot of human effort and labor costs are involved with fulfilling online orders.To help optimize this process，robotic companies have already developed cooperative robots，also known as cobots or autonomous mobile robots (AMRs)，to work in a warehouse or distribution center.AMRs are equipped with sensors and cameras to help them navigate(确定方向) around a controlled space like a warehouse.
Srinivas said，“The robot is intelligent，so if it’s instructed to go to a particular location，it can navigate the warehouse and not hit any workers or other obstacles along the way.AMRs are not designed to replace human workers，but instead can work cooperatively alongside them to help increase the efficiency of the order fulfillment process.”
“The one drawback is that these robots do not have good grasping abilities，” said Srinivas.“But humans are good at grasping items，so we are trying to balance the strength of both resources.”
1.What can we learn from the passage
A.Now only robots pick items for shipping to the customers.
B.AMRs are designed to replace human beings.
C.Few labor costs are involved with fulfilling online orders now.
D.Some researchers are working to speed up the online delivery process.
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，密苏里大学的研究人员正在通过开发一种旨在让搬运机器人更智能的软件模型来加速在线订单交付进程。故选D。
解析
√
2.What is the function of the sensors equipped on AMRs
A.To look cool. B.To sense warnings.
C.To direct AMRs’ way. D.To find human workers.
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“AMRs are equipped with sensors and cameras to help them navigate(确定方向) around a controlled space like a warehouse.”可知，AMRs配备传感器是为了导航，也就是为AMRs指引方向。故选C。
解析
√
3.What are AMRs bad at
A.Holding. B.Jumping.
C.Climbing. D.Walking.
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The one drawback is that these robots do not have good grasping abilities”可知，AMRs不擅长抓取物品。故选A。
解析
√
4.Which can be the best title for the text
A.The Simple Use of Robots
B.Making Transport Robots Smarter
C.Workers in the Warehouse
D.Various Robots Invented by Sharan
标题归纳题。根据文章第二段以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在让搬运机器人更加智能，从而加快在线订单交付进程。因此B项“让搬运机器人更智能”最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
(2025·安徽高二上期末)
Recent research has found that Martian(火星的) soil contains all the essential nutrients necessary for growing rice，planetary scientist Abhilash Ramachandran of the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，reported at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference，providing new possibilities for agriculture on the Red Planet.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在火星土壤上种植稻米的可能性以及实验的经过。
The study，conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，tested simulated(模拟的) Martian soil to determine its suitability for growing rice.The researchers found that the soil contained all the essential nutrients needed for the crop to grow.
However，it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in the soil that has perchlorate，a chemical that has been detected on Mars’ surface and can be poisonous to plants.
The team grew rice plants in a Martian soil simulant primarily made of Mojave Desert basalt(玄武岩).However，the new-grown plants developed slighter shoots and thinner roots than the plants that grew from the potting mix.Even replacing just 25 percent of the simulant with a potting mix made a big difference，the team found.
The team of researchers then conducted an experiment to grow rice in soil containing perchlorate.They used a wild rice variety and two genetically edited varieties，which were designed to stand up to environmental stressors such as drought，and tested them in Mars-simulated soil with and without perchlorate.
The study revealed that a concentration of three grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants. However，when the concentration was reduced to one gram per kilogram，one of the genetically edited lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root，while the wild variety was only able to grow a root.
“We want to send humans to Mars but we cannot take everything there.It’s going to be expensive，” said Ramachandran.The discovery could be a game-changer for future missions to Mars，as it could enable astronauts to grow their own food on the planet，reducing the need for costly and complex resupply missions.
5.How did the researchers conduct their study
A.By asking questions.
B.By carrying out experiments.
C.By making a case study.
D.By referring to former studies.
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The study，conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，tested simulated(模拟的) Martian soil to determine its suitability for growing rice.”可知，研究人员是通过做实验进行研究的。故选B。
解析
√
6.Where does the gene-edited variety grow better
A.One kilogram of soil containing one gram of perchlorate.
B.One kilogram of soil containing two grams of perchlorate.
C.One kilogram of soil containing three grams of perchlorate.
D.One kilogram of soil containing four grams of perchlorate.
√
细节理解题。根据第六段“The study revealed that a concentration of three grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants.However，when the concentration was reduced to one gram per kilogram，one of the genetically edited lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root，while the wild variety was only able to grow a root.”可知，在含有1克高氯酸盐的1公斤土壤中生长的基因编辑品种长得更好。故选A。
解析
7.Why did the researchers want to grow rice on Mars
A.To find a wonderful way to make money.
B.To support the growing population on Earth.
C.To help astronauts feed themselves on Mars.
D.To enable people to eat new varieties of rice.
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The discovery could be a game-changer for future missions to Mars，as it could enable astronauts to grow their own food on the planet，reducing the need for costly and complex resupply missions.”可推知，研究者想要在火星上种植水稻是为了帮助宇航员在火星上自给自足。故选C。
解析
√
8.What’s the best title for the text
A.What Should We Grow on Mars
B.How Did Martian Soil Change over Time
C.People Are Likely to Live on Mars Years Later
D.Martian Soil May Have All the Essential Nutrients Rice Needs
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲的是火星土壤可能含有水稻种植所需的所有必要养分。由此可知，D项“火星土壤可能含有水稻所需的所有必需营养素”是本文的最佳标题。故选D。
解析
√
1.be poisonous to对……有毒/害
2.shoot v.→n.嫩芽；幼苗
3.potting mix盆栽土
4.stand up to抵抗，对抗
5.concentration n.(熟义)专注→n.(文义)浓度；含量
6.line n.(熟义)行；线→n.(文义)种类；类型
7.game-changer n.游戏规则改变者；力挽狂澜者
词汇积累
1.However，it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in the soil that has perchlorate，a chemical that has been detected on Mars’ surface and can be poisonous to plants.
分析：此句为复合句。it为形式主语，真正的主语为to survive...；第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the soil；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a chemical。
翻译：然而，植物要在含有高氯酸盐的土壤中生存是有点挑战的，高氯酸盐是一种在火星表面被检测到的对植物有毒的化学物质。
句式分析
2.They used a wild rice variety and two genetically edited varieties，which were designed to stand up to environmental stressors such as drought，and tested them in Mars-simulated soil with and without perchlorate.
分析：此句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词two genetically edited varieties。
翻译：他们使用了一种野生水稻品种和两种经过基因编辑的品种，这两种品种被设计成能够抵御诸如干旱等环境压力，并在含高氯酸盐和不含高氯酸盐的火星模拟土壤中进行了测试。
(2025·江苏无锡高二上期末)
With such a wide range of platforms and devices available to the everyday reader，
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来科技改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.There are a number of apps out there.
B.Books and lessons are delivered online.
C.We are still reading but just in a different way.
D.Lots of people find it difficult to fit reading into their daily routine.
E.Some e-readers also allow users to access the Internet for various purposes.
F.There’s nothing worse than realizing you have forgotten your favourite book.
G.Here are some ways technology has transformed our reading habits in recent
years.
the physical book，while not yet extinct，may end up going that way. 1
√
根据下文从应用软件、手持设备、社交媒体、教育的角度介绍了改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式可知，空处总起下文。故G项“以下是近年来科技改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式”切题。故选G。
解析
With a rapid increase in digital reading platforms，reading is no longer a common problem for bookworms. 2 They’re designed to simplify the process of reading on the go.
A.There are a number of apps out there.
B.Books and lessons are delivered online.
C.We are still reading but just in a different way.
D.Lots of people find it difficult to fit reading into their daily routine.
E.Some e-readers also allow users to access the Internet for various purposes.
F.There’s nothing worse than realizing you have forgotten your favourite book.
G.Here are some ways technology has transformed our reading habits in recent
years.
√
根据下文“They’re designed to simplify the process of reading on the go.You can select a book，track your progress，and even submit reviews.”并结合上文提到的“digital reading platforms”可推知，空处在说有很多阅读应用软件可选择。故A项“市面上有很多应用软件”切题。故选A。
解析
You can select a book，track your progress，and even submit reviews. With no need to carry around physical books，readers are much more likely to pick up where they left off whenever and wherever they may be.
Readers can also carry around their favourite books within an e-reader.The hand-held devices offer fantastic portability，readability and variety. 3 They are much smaller and lighter than physical books，making them an ideal option for those always on the go.
A.There are a number of apps out there.
B.Books and lessons are delivered online.
C.We are still reading but just in a different way.
D.Lots of people find it difficult to fit reading into their daily routine.
E.Some e-readers also allow users to access the Internet for various purposes.
F.There’s nothing worse than realizing you have forgotten your favourite book.
G.Here are some ways technology has transformed our reading habits in recent years.
√
根据上文“The hand-held devices offer fantastic portability，readability and variety.”可知，空处承接上文说明手持阅读设备的功能。故E项“有些电子阅读器还允许用户上网以实现各种用途”切题。故选E。
解析
Social media has had a great effect on our reading habits.It governs our daily life.With physical books no longer a key form of entertainment for children，it has been replaced with digital alternatives.Social media and video games have replaced the ways in which we traditionally read and tell stories. 4
A.There are a number of apps out there.
B.Books and lessons are delivered online.
C.We are still reading but just in a different way.
D.Lots of people find it difficult to fit reading into their daily routine.
E.Some e-readers also allow users to access the Internet for various purposes.
F.There’s nothing worse than realizing you have forgotten your favourite book.
G.Here are some ways technology has transformed our reading habits in recent years.
√
根据上文“Social media and video games have replaced the ways in which we traditionally read and tell stories.”可知，我们的阅读形式发生了变化，但还是在阅读。故C项“我们仍然在阅读，只是以一种不同的方式”承接并总结上文，切题。故选C。
解析
As is known to us all，technology has changed the ways in which we read at home as well as in the classroom. 5 Exposure to the digital potential of reading is introduced at an early age.Virtual learning platforms have also exploded in popularity in recent years.Technology in the classroom is no longer a luxury but a necessity to keep up with the modern age.
A.There are a number of apps out there.
B.Books and lessons are delivered online.
C.We are still reading but just in a different way.
D.Lots of people find it difficult to fit reading into their daily routine.
E.Some e-readers also allow users to access the Internet for various purposes.
F.There’s nothing worse than realizing you have forgotten your favourite book.
G.Here are some ways technology has transformed our reading habits in recent years.
√
根据下文“Exposure to the digital potential of reading is introduced at an early age.Virtual learning platforms have also exploded in popularity in recent years.Technology in the classroom is no longer a luxury but a necessity to keep up with the modern age.”可知，科技改变了传统的教育形式。故B项“书籍和课程都通过线上来展示”引起下文，切题。故选B。
解析
(2025·河南许昌高二上期末)
Have you ever wondered what life is like now 1. (compare) to，say，the 1980s or the 1990s
语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了科技是否真的让人的生活变得更好了。
Ⅴ.语法填空
compared
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词，作状语，compare和life为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填compared。
解析
I went to ask some people I know who were adults in the “80s and 90s”，and the answer I got was that “Overall，life is a lot 2. (good) now！” This didn’t really surprise me.I mean，these days we’ve got mobile phones and the Internet and so on—but 3. (actual) those weren’t the things they talked about.
better
actually
2.考查形容词比较级。is后面接形容词作表语，a lot修饰形容词比较级。故填better。
3.考查副词。修饰后面整个句子，需用副词形式actually，作状语。故填actually。
解析
So what did they talk about For 4. start，we don’t have to work physically hard since now there are a lot of things like dishwashers for housework.Then there’s the matter of how，these days,5. is possible to work at home—it’s mainly 6. (computer) that have made this possible.
a
it
computers
4.考查冠词。for a start为固定搭配，意为“首先”。故填a。
5.考查代词。“it is adj.＋to do...”为固定句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语是to work at home。故填it。
6.考查名词复数。computer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且空前没有冠词，空后的定语从句的谓语是have made，需填名词复数形式。故填computers。
解析
Not only that，there’s a lot more 7. (equal) now.It’s easier for all people，whatever their social background，gender，colour and so on，to have equal access 8. a variety of career opportunities.
equality
to
7.考查名词。空处作表语，且由a lot more修饰，需用名词形式equality，为不可数名词。故填equality。
8.考查介词。have access to为固定搭配，意为“有机会接触”。故填to。
解析
That said，it’s not all a matter of improvement.Quite a few people told me that they feel more stressed these days because they rely a lot on technology and they are always 9.________(anxiety) about security on the Internet.Plus，we spend a lot of our time 10._______(use) smartphones. One person said，“Wouldn’t it be great to be off the grid(不上网) for a few days？”
anxious
using
9.考查形容词。be anxious about sth为固定搭配，意为“对某事感到焦虑”。故填anxious。
10.考查非谓语动词。spend some time (in) doing sth为固定搭配，意为“花时间做某事”。故填using。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Step 1　速读——整体感知
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．The advantages of artificial intelligence.
B．The disadvantages of artificial intelligence.
C．The applications of artificial intelligence in the future.
D．The development，application of AI and people’s concern about it.
答案　D
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——精研语篇
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Why does the author begin the article with a vision
A．To stress the point.
B．To convey humor.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To describe a phenomenon.
答案　C
2．What makes the dream of “AI” come true
A．That the term was coined in the mid-1950s.
B．That computers have developed since the 1940s.
C．That the theory was explored by Alan Turing.
D．That a computer program defeated the best human Go player.
答案　B
3．What does the author mean by saying “we are at a turning point in history”？
A．Domestic robots can help us do everything.
B．Intelligent robots will work to our advantage.
C．Autonomous machines can do much work for us.
D．We are approaching the boundary between humans and machines.
答案　D
4．Why does the author quote the words by Stephen Hawking
A．To show the author likes Stephen Hawking very much.
B．To show the author’s attitude.
C．To inform readers of the good saying.
D．To make the author’s opinion more convincing.
答案　D
5．What can we learn from the passage
A．Every coin has two sides.
B．It never rains but it pours.
C．Put the cart before the horse.
D．It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
答案　A
Step 3　剖析——长句难句
1．It may seem like building castles in the air，but given the rate at which artificial intelligence，or AI，is being developed，in the future such dreams may actually come true.(P44 Para.1)
[结构分析]　此句是并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句，后一分句中given为介词，意为“考虑到；鉴于”；at which...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词rate。
[汉语翻译]　也许这看上去像建造空中楼阁一样不切实际，但是考虑到目前人工智能(AI)的发展速度，将来这样的梦想真的很可能会实现。
2．At the basic level，artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines.(P44 Para.2)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词branch，that在从句中作主语。
[汉语翻译]　从基础层面上讲，人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支学科，其目标是研发智能机器。
3．To achieve this aim，many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward，including “deep learning”，which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions.(P44 Para.2)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。To achieve this aim是不定式短语作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词deep learning。
[汉语翻译]　为了实现这一目标，人们提出了许多方法来创建真正的人工智能，包括“深度学习”，它使机器能够通过学习以前操作的结果来提高自己的性能。
4．Years before the term “artificial intelligence”was coined in the mid-1950s，the theory had been explored by Alan Turing，one of the pioneers in the field of computer science.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。before引导时间状语从句；名词短语one of the pioneers in the field of computer science作Alan Turing的同位语。
[汉语翻译]　“人工智能”这个词是在20世纪50年代中期被创造出来的，而在许多年前，计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾伦·图灵就已探索了这一理论。
5．A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997，when Deep Blue，a chess-playing computer，beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.(P45 Para.3)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词1997；a chess-playing computer作Deep Blue的同位语。
[汉语翻译]　人工智能的一个重大突破出现在1997年，当时一台名叫深蓝的国际象棋计算机打败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。
6．Then in 2017，a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie，arguably the best human Go player，which demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems.(P45 Para.3)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。named AlphaGo是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a computer program；arguably the best human Go player作Ke Jie的同位语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。
[汉语翻译]　之后在2017年，一个叫做阿尔法围棋的计算机程序打败了可以说是人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这体现了深度学习人工智能系统的一大显著进展。
7．With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes，we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.(P45 Para.5)
[结构分析]　此句是简单句。With machines...their mistakes是with的复合结构作状语。
[汉语翻译]　有了阿尔法围棋这种现在能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。
8．As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.(P45 Para.5)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。As引导时间状语从句；posed by the advances in AI是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the dangers。
[汉语翻译]　随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
Imagine 1.waking(wake) up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you.How cool that would be!
One of the essential aims of AI is 2.to develop(develop) computer intelligence capable of learning from experience，adjusting to new 3.inputs(input) and performing tasks like humans.To achieve this aim，many approaches 4.to creating true AI have been put forward，including “deep learning”．The dream of AI has been around for centuries，and the development of computers since the 1940s has made it 5.a reality.Nowadays，AI is being applied in many fields：finance，health care，machine translation and art，to name but a few.But 6.it is clear that we are at a turning point in history.While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future 7.where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage，thinking machines perhaps will 8.threaten(threat) the existence of humans.As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers 9.posed(pose) by the advances in AI.
10．Apparently(apparent)，such warnings demand our attention.We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI.
作业1　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
[分值：62.5分]
Ⅰ.品句猜词(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．As we all know，finance for education mainly comes from taxpayers.n.资金
2．A developing and progressing country does not pose a threat to anyone.vt.造成，产生
3．The computer acts as a word processor where the text of a speech can be input at any time.
vt.输入
4．The airport to be completed next year will have the capacity to handle 500,000 passengers.
n.能力
5．The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region，which is famous for its beautiful natural scenery，is near the frontier between China and Vietnam.adj.自治的
Ⅱ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．Our teacher urges(敦促) us to study hard with the exam drawing near.
2．To this day，it’s unclear whether he shot himself or was murdered(谋杀)．
3．David threatened(威胁) to report his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.
4．It is predicted that he will be sentenced to 18 months in prison because of the theft(偷窃)．
5．The surgeons and physicians have the capacity to save the victims(受害者) who are badly injured.
6．Compared to his greedy brother，he has won many friends for his generosity.
7．Scientists have made a massive breakthrough in protecting personal information.
8．Apparently，everyone knows that global warming only makes climate more extreme.
9．Sometimes，in order to succeed，we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it.
10．Many of those interviewed said their hometown had changed beyond recognition over the past five years.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Imagine a team of humans and robots working together to process online orders.Real-life workers strategically positioned among their automated coworkers who are moving intelligently back and forth in a warehouse(仓库) space，picking items for shipping to the customers.
This could become a reality sooner or later thanks to researchers at the University of Missouri，who are working to speed up the online delivery process by developing a software model designed to make transport robots smarter.
“The robotic technology already exists，” said Sharan Srinivas，who specializes in data analytics and operations research.“Our goal is to best apply this technology through efficient planning.To do this，we’re asking questions like ‘given a list of items to pick，how do you optimize(优化) the route plan for the human pickers and robots？’ or ‘how many items should a robot pick in a given tour？’ Likewise，we have a similar set of questions for the human worker.The most challenging part is optimizing the collaboration plan between the human pickers and robots.”
Currently，a lot of human effort and labor costs are involved with fulfilling online orders.To help optimize this process，robotic companies have already developed cooperative robots，also known as cobots or autonomous mobile robots (AMRs)，to work in a warehouse or distribution center.AMRs are equipped with sensors and cameras to help them navigate(确定方向) around a controlled space like a warehouse.
Srinivas said，“The robot is intelligent，so if it’s instructed to go to a particular location，it can navigate the warehouse and not hit any workers or other obstacles along the way.AMRs are not designed to replace human workers，but instead can work cooperatively alongside them to help increase the efficiency of the order fulfillment process.”
“The one drawback is that these robots do not have good grasping abilities，” said Srinivas.“But humans are good at grasping items，so we are trying to balance the strength of both resources.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使搬运机器人更智能，从而加快线上订单的处理过程。
1．What can we learn from the passage
A．Now only robots pick items for shipping to the customers.
B．AMRs are designed to replace human beings.
C．Few labor costs are involved with fulfilling online orders now.
D．Some researchers are working to speed up the online delivery process.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，密苏里大学的研究人员正在通过开发一种旨在让搬运机器人更智能的软件模型来加速在线订单交付进程。故选D。
2．What is the function of the sensors equipped on AMRs
A．To look cool.
B．To sense warnings.
C．To direct AMRs’ way.
D．To find human workers.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“AMRs are equipped with sensors and cameras to help them navigate(确定方向) around a controlled space like a warehouse.”可知，AMRs配备传感器是为了导航，也就是为AMRs指引方向。故选C。
3．What are AMRs bad at
A．Holding. B．Jumping.
C．Climbing. D．Walking.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The one drawback is that these robots do not have good grasping abilities”可知，AMRs不擅长抓取物品。故选A。
4．Which can be the best title for the text
A．The Simple Use of Robots
B．Making Transport Robots Smarter
C．Workers in the Warehouse
D．Various Robots Invented by Sharan
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。根据文章第二段以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在让搬运机器人更加智能，从而加快在线订单交付进程。因此B项“让搬运机器人更智能”最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·安徽高二上期末)
Recent research has found that Martian(火星的) soil contains all the essential nutrients necessary for growing rice，planetary scientist Abhilash Ramachandran of the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，reported at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference，providing new possibilities for agriculture on the Red Planet.
The study，conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，tested simulated(模拟的) Martian soil to determine its suitability for growing rice.The researchers found that the soil contained all the essential nutrients needed for the crop to grow.
However，it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in the soil that has perchlorate，a chemical that has been detected on Mars’ surface and can be poisonous to plants.
The team grew rice plants in a Martian soil simulant primarily made of Mojave Desert basalt(玄武岩)．However，the new-grown plants developed slighter shoots and thinner roots than the plants that grew from the potting mix.Even replacing just 25 percent of the simulant with a potting mix made a big difference，the team found.
The team of researchers then conducted an experiment to grow rice in soil containing perchlorate.They used a wild rice variety and two genetically edited varieties，which were designed to stand up to environmental stressors such as drought，and tested them in Mars-simulated soil with and without perchlorate.
The study revealed that a concentration of three grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants.However，when the concentration was reduced to one gram per kilogram，one of the genetically edited lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root，while the wild variety was only able to grow a root.
“We want to send humans to Mars but we cannot take everything there.It’s going to be expensive，” said Ramachandran.The discovery could be a game-changer for future missions to Mars，as it could enable astronauts to grow their own food on the planet，reducing the need for costly and complex resupply missions.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在火星土壤上种植稻米的可能性以及实验的经过。
5．How did the researchers conduct their study
A．By asking questions.
B．By carrying out experiments.
C．By making a case study.
D．By referring to former studies.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“The study，conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville，tested simulated(模拟的) Martian soil to determine its suitability for growing rice.”可知，研究人员是通过做实验进行研究的。故选B。
6．Where does the gene-edited variety grow better
A．One kilogram of soil containing one gram of perchlorate.
B．One kilogram of soil containing two grams of perchlorate.
C．One kilogram of soil containing three grams of perchlorate.
D．One kilogram of soil containing four grams of perchlorate.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第六段“The study revealed that a concentration of three grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants.However，when the concentration was reduced to one gram per kilogram，one of the genetically edited lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root，while the wild variety was only able to grow a root.”可知，在含有1克高氯酸盐的1公斤土壤中生长的基因编辑品种长得更好。故选A。
7．Why did the researchers want to grow rice on Mars
A．To find a wonderful way to make money.
B．To support the growing population on Earth.
C．To help astronauts feed themselves on Mars.
D．To enable people to eat new varieties of rice.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The discovery could be a game-changer for future missions to Mars，as it could enable astronauts to grow their own food on the planet，reducing the need for costly and complex resupply missions.”可推知，研究者想要在火星上种植水稻是为了帮助宇航员在火星上自给自足。故选C。
8．What’s the best title for the text
A．What Should We Grow on Mars
B．How Did Martian Soil Change over Time
C．People Are Likely to Live on Mars Years Later
D．Martian Soil May Have All the Essential Nutrients Rice Needs
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲的是火星土壤可能含有水稻种植所需的所有必要养分。由此可知，D项“火星土壤可能含有水稻所需的所有必需营养素”是本文的最佳标题。故选D。
[词汇积累] 1．be poisonous to对……有毒/害 2．shoot v．→n.嫩芽；幼苗 3．potting mix盆栽土 4．stand up to抵抗，对抗 5．concentration n．(熟义)专注→n.(文义)浓度；含量 6．line n．(熟义)行；线→n.(文义)种类；类型 7．game-changer n．游戏规则改变者；力挽狂澜者[句式分析] 1．However，it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in the soil that has perchlorate，a chemical that has been detected on Mars’ surface and can be poisonous to plants. 分析：此句为复合句。it为形式主语，真正的主语为to survive...；第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the soil；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a chemical。 翻译：然而，植物要在含有高氯酸盐的土壤中生存是有点挑战的，高氯酸盐是一种在火星表面被检测到的对植物有毒的化学物质。 2．They used a wild rice variety and two genetically edited varieties，which were designed to stand up to environmental stressors such as drought，and tested them in Mars-simulated soil with and without perchlorate. 分析：此句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词two genetically edited varieties。 翻译：他们使用了一种野生水稻品种和两种经过基因编辑的品种，这两种品种被设计成能够抵御诸如干旱等环境压力，并在含高氯酸盐和不含高氯酸盐的火星模拟土壤中进行了测试。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·江苏无锡高二上期末)
With such a wide range of platforms and devices available to the everyday reader，the physical book，while not yet extinct，may end up going that way. 1
With a rapid increase in digital reading platforms，reading is no longer a common problem for bookworms. 2 They’re designed to simplify the process of reading on the go.You can select a book，track your progress，and even submit reviews.With no need to carry around physical books，readers are much more likely to pick up where they left off whenever and wherever they may be.
Readers can also carry around their favourite books within an e-reader.The hand-held devices offer fantastic portability，readability and variety. 3 They are much smaller and lighter than physical books，making them an ideal option for those always on the go.
Social media has had a great effect on our reading habits.It governs our daily life.With physical books no longer a key form of entertainment for children，it has been replaced with digital alternatives.Social media and video games have replaced the ways in which we traditionally read and tell stories. 4
As is known to us all，technology has changed the ways in which we read at home as well as in the classroom. 5 Exposure to the digital potential of reading is introduced at an early age.Virtual learning platforms have also exploded in popularity in recent years.Technology in the classroom is no longer a luxury but a necessity to keep up with the modern age.
A．There are a number of apps out there.
B．Books and lessons are delivered online.
C．We are still reading but just in a different way.
D．Lots of people find it difficult to fit reading into their daily routine.
E．Some e-readers also allow users to access the Internet for various purposes.
F．There’s nothing worse than realizing you have forgotten your favourite book.
G．Here are some ways technology has transformed our reading habits in recent years.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来科技改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式。
1．答案　G
解析　根据下文从应用软件、手持设备、社交媒体、教育的角度介绍了改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式可知，空处总起下文。故G项“以下是近年来科技改变我们阅读习惯的一些方式”切题。故选G。
2．答案　A
解析　根据下文“They’re designed to simplify the process of reading on the go.You can select a book，track your progress，and even submit reviews.”并结合上文提到的“digital reading platforms”可推知，空处在说有很多阅读应用软件可选择。故A项“市面上有很多应用软件”切题。故选A。
3．答案　E
解析　根据上文“The hand-held devices offer fantastic portability，readability and variety.”可知，空处承接上文说明手持阅读设备的功能。故E项“有些电子阅读器还允许用户上网以实现各种用途”切题。故选E。
4．答案　C
解析　根据上文“Social media and video games have replaced the ways in which we traditionally read and tell stories.”可知，我们的阅读形式发生了变化，但还是在阅读。故C项“我们仍然在阅读，只是以一种不同的方式”承接并总结上文，切题。故选C。
5．答案　B
解析　根据下文“Exposure to the digital potential of reading is introduced at an early age.Virtual learning platforms have also exploded in popularity in recent years.Technology in the classroom is no longer a luxury but a necessity to keep up with the modern age.”可知，科技改变了传统的教育形式。故B项“书籍和课程都通过线上来展示”引起下文，切题。故选B。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·河南许昌高二上期末)
Have you ever wondered what life is like now 1. (compare) to，say，the 1980s or the 1990s I went to ask some people I know who were adults in the “80s and 90s”，and the answer I got was that “Overall，life is a lot 2. (good) now！” This didn’t really surprise me.I mean，these days we’ve got mobile phones and the Internet and so on—but 3. (actual) those weren’t the things they talked about.
So what did they talk about For 4. start，we don’t have to work physically hard since now there are a lot of things like dishwashers for housework.Then there’s the matter of how，these days,5. is possible to work at home—it’s mainly 6. (computer) that have made this possible.Not only that，there’s a lot more 7. (equal) now.It’s easier for all people，whatever their social background，gender，colour and so on，to have equal access 8. a variety of career opportunities.
That said，it’s not all a matter of improvement.Quite a few people told me that they feel more stressed these days because they rely a lot on technology and they are always 9.___________(anxiety) about security on the Internet.Plus，we spend a lot of our time 10.______________(use) smartphones.One person said，“Wouldn’t it be great to be off the grid(不上网) for a few days？”
语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了科技是否真的让人的生活变得更好了。
1．答案　compared
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词，作状语，compare和life为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填compared。
2．答案　better
解析　考查形容词比较级。is后面接形容词作表语，a lot修饰形容词比较级。故填better。
3．答案　actually
解析　考查副词。修饰后面整个句子，需用副词形式actually，作状语。故填actually。
4．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。for a start为固定搭配，意为“首先”。故填a。
5．答案　it
解析　考查代词。“it is adj.＋to do...”为固定句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语是to work at home。故填it。
6．答案　computers
解析　考查名词复数。computer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且空前没有冠词，空后的定语从句的谓语是have made，需填名词复数形式。故填computers。
7．答案　equality
解析　考查名词。空处作表语，且由a lot more修饰，需用名词形式equality，为不可数名词。故填equality。
8．答案　to
解析　考查介词。have access to为固定搭配，意为“有机会接触”。故填to。
9．答案　anxious
解析　考查形容词。be anxious about sth为固定搭配，意为“对某事感到焦虑”。故填anxious。
10．答案　using
解析　考查非谓语动词。spend some time (in) doing sth为固定搭配，意为“花时间做某事”。故填using。

展开更多......

收起↑