资源简介

(共100张PPT)
Period 5
Extended reading
Living with technology
Unit 4
内容索引
Part 1　课文深度理解
Part 2　语言知识梳理
Part 3　基础达标检测
作业4
课文深度理解
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure and the main idea of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the structure of the text by filling in the blanks.
definition
works
applications
barriers
development
future
ending
Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us _______________________________________
__________.
virtual reality and its advantages and
challenges
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What are the practical application fields of VR technology mentioned
A.Medicine，shopping and education.
B.Education，entertainment and finance.
C.Entertainment，finance and travelling.
D.Education，medicine and the military.
√
2.What does the word “cost-effective” in Line 29 mean
A.Costless. B.Costly.
C.Profitable. D.Cost-efficient.
√
3.What conclusions can we reach regarding the future of VR
A.It will be a rather long time before VR comes into our daily life.
B.5G technology lays a foundation for an immersive VR experience.
C.There are some disadvantages that will stop the development of VR.
D.Young people are not willing to become part of technological generation.
√
4.What’s the editor’s purpose of having this interview
A.To illustrate how VR works.
B.To criticize the bad consequences of VR.
C.To know more information of VR from the expert.
D.To have a debate with the expert about VR technology.
√
5.What’s Frank’s attitude towards the future of VR
A.Critical. B.Casual.
C.Positive. D.Negative.
√
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1.处于最前列，进入重要地位
2.在于……
3.配备传感器和屏幕的虚拟现实耳机
4.被……包围
5.许多实际/教育/建设性应用
6.与……互动
_________________
_____
________________________________
____________
________________
________________________________________________________________
____________
at the forefront of
lie in
a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen
a lot/host/variety of practical/ educational/constructive applications
be surrounded by
interact with
7.以一种有意义的方式
8.提高学习效率
9.高度发达的技术产业
10.做复杂的手术
11.与……对战
12.期待，期望
13.试穿；试戴
14.去度假
15.有机会做某事
__________________
________________________
________________________________
______________________
___________
______________
______
____________
__________________________
in a meaningful way
enhance learning efficiency
highly developed technical industries
perform complex surgery
play against
look forward to
try on
go on holiday
have the opportunity to do sth
16.进行虚拟旅行
17.如同，和……一样
18.归结为
19.理解，弄清；想出；计算出
20.就……而言；从……角度看
21.牢记；放在心上
_________________
_______
___________
__________
___________
____________
take a virtual tour
as with
boil down to
figure out
in terms of
keep in mind
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.Can you tell us what virtual reality is and how it works？(P53 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。what和how引导的是 从句，作动词tell的 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
主从复合
宾语
宾语
你能告诉我们什么是虚拟现实以及它的工作原理吗？
2.The basic definition of VR lies in the name itself，which means “reality that is not real”.(P53 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。which引导 从句，修饰先行词name；that引导 从句，修饰先行词reality。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
主从复合
非限制性定语
限制性定语
虚拟现实的基本定义在于其名字本身，即“不真实的现实”。
3.When you wear a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen，you are surrounded by three-D images，sounds and other sensory information，which creates a super-realistic effect called “presence”.(P53 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。When引导 从句；过去分词短语equipped with sensors and a screen作 ，修饰名词词组VR headset；which引导 从句，先行词为前面整句话；called “presence”是过去分词短语作 ，修饰名词effect。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
时间状语
后置定语
非限制性定语
后置定语
当你戴上配有传感器和屏幕的虚拟现实头戴设备时，你会被三维影像、声音和其他感官信息所包围，从而产生一种称为“临场感”的超现实效果。
4.Though you know the sensory information surrounding you is not real，part of your brain believes it is—and acts accordingly.(P53 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。Though引导 从句；动词-ing形式短语surrounding you作 ，修饰名词information。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
让步状语
后置定语
虽然你知道你周围的感官信息是不真实的，但你大脑的某些区域相信它是真实的——并会作出相应的反馈。
5.There are endless possibilities for the subject matter that can be created in a VR system.(P53 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。that引导 从句，修饰先行词subject matter。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
主从复合
定语
能在虚拟现实系统中创作的题材具有无限的可能性。
6.Also，people who want to go on holiday will have the opportunity to take a virtual tour of several destinations before deciding where to go.(P54 Para.8)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。who引导 从句，修饰先行词people；where to go是“疑问词＋不定式”作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
定语
宾语
另外，想去度假的人在决定去哪里之前，将有机会以虚拟的方式游览几个目的地。
7.Just trying to figure out how to do what we want in terms of technology will prove challenging in some areas.(P54 Para.10)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。trying...technology是动名词短语作 ，what引导 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
主语
宾语
在某些领域，光是试图弄清楚如何从技术角度实现我们的想法就将是具有挑战性的。
8.Considering there are so many challenges to deal with，are you still optimistic about the future of VR (P54 Para.11)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。Considering引导 从句，意为“ ”。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
原因状语
考虑到；鉴于
鉴于有这么多的挑战要面对，你对虚拟现实的未来还抱有乐观心态吗？
9.What excites me the most is that young people today are digital citizens who are comfortable with technology.(P54 Para.12)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。What引导 从句；that引导 从句；who引导 从句，修饰先行词citizens。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
主语
表语
定语
最让我兴奋的是，今天的年轻人都是数字公民，他们对技术都已习以为常。
返 回
语言知识梳理
vt.否定，否认；拒绝接受，拒绝承认
[教材原句P48]There can be no denying that the technology will have a huge impact on everyday life.无可否认，这种技术将对日常生活产生重大影响。
[人教版]To sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages，so when you think about studying abroad，you should consider these many factors.
综上所述，人们不能否认出国留学有其缺点，所以当你考虑出国留学时，你应该考虑这些因素。
1
deny
deny doing sth＝deny having done sth 否认做过某事
deny sb sth＝deny sth to sb 拒绝给予某人某物
There is no denying that...不可否认……
We can’t deny the fact that ...我们无法否认的事实是……
(1)The babysitter denied (abuse) the young child. Apparently，she was lying.
(2)Justice must not be denied anyone，regardless of gender，the social background and the education.
abusing/having abused
to
(3)不可否认，是老师的鼓励和帮助让我稳步前进。
it was my teacher’s encouragement and help that resulted in my steady progress.
(4)我们无法否认的事实是，养成良好的学习习惯会带来更好的学业表现。
having good study habits leads to better academic performance.
写作佳句
There is no denying that
We can’t deny the fact that
2
quantity
[教材原句P49]When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large quantities，the sky gets more and more crowded.当大量载人无人机在我们的城市上空飞行时，天空变得越来越拥挤。
[人教版]Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients.
加工食品通常比新鲜食材含有更少的营养、更多的糖、盐和脂肪。
n.数量；大量
a quantity of/quantities of大量的
in quantity在数量上；大量地
in large quantities大量，大批
用法点拨：a quantity of/quantities of后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词。
“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
(1)No one can deny the fact that a quantity of his money (have) been spent on bringing up his children.
＝No one can deny the fact that quantities of his money (have) been spent on bringing up his children.
(2)They have been committed to their research and breakthroughs are created in large (quantity) every day.
has
have
quantities
(3)(应用文写作之邀请信)得知你在打篮球方面有许多经验，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们的篮球俱乐部。
Learning that ___________________________________________
____________________________，I’m writing to sincerely invite you to join our basketball club.
写作佳句
you have a large quantity of/large quantities of experience in playing basketball
bury
3
[教材原句P51]The time capsule，buried 50 feet below the ground in a park，was designed to be opened in the year 6939.这个时间胶囊被埋在一个公园地下50英尺处，计划于6939年打开。
[北师大版]Families who had only just got through the war now had to bury their loved ones who had died of the disease.刚刚熬过战争的人们现在不得不埋葬他们死于疾病的亲人。
vt.埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆盖；遮盖
bury oneself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有be absorbed in，be lost in，be devoted to，focus on/upon，concentrate one’s attention on等。
(1) (bury) in reading，I didn’t notice someone take my fountain pen.
(2)He focused monitoring what was happening in the room.
Buried
on/upon
(3)(读后续写之尴尬心理描写)他双手掩面，琢磨着如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
He and was wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment.
写作佳句
buried his face in his hands
(4)这对双胞胎专心做早饭，没有注意到爸爸溜进了厨房。
①The twins ____________________________________________
__________ and they didn’t notice their father slide into the kitchen.
② ，the twins didn’t notice their father slide into the kitchen.(分词作状语)
buried themselves in/were buried in cooking
breakfast
Burying themselves in/Buried in cooking breakfast
engage
4
[教材原句P53]By delivering the content in a meaningful way，this new approach to learning manages to engage students’ interest and enhance learning efficiency.
通过用一种富有意义的方式来呈现内容，这种新的学习方式能够吸引学生的兴趣，提高学习效率。
vi.& vt.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系[engaged adj.已订婚的；占线的；使用中的；忙于 engagement n.订婚；婚约；约会；(与……的)密切关系)]
[人教版]“Engaging in British culture has helped，” she said.
她说：“融入英国文化使我受益匪浅。”
[北师大版]He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle，and made remarkable progress.他进行了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步。
·engage sb to do sth聘用某人做某事
engage (sb ) in...(使某人)从事；参与
·be engaged to sb与某人订婚
be engaged in (doing) sth忙于/从事(做)某事
(1)Parents should urge their children not to engage virtual world too much.
(2)Mary will be engaged Tom，and their (engage) attracts many people’s attention.
(3)To meet the demands，the government engaged a lot of experts __________(develop) the vaccine against the virus.
in
to
engagement
to develop
(4)虽然我每天都忙于学习，但我坚持留出一些时间定期做户外运动。
，I insist on setting aside some time to do outdoor exercise regularly.
写作佳句
While/Although/Though (I’m) engaged in study every day
[教材原句P53]It sounds like VR will be a life-changing technology as well as a life-saving one.
听起来，虚拟现实将是一种改变生活的技术，也是一种拯救生命的技术。
[人教版]They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗，联合王国国旗。
5
as well as
也；又；而且
as well as的本义为“和……一样好”，也可以用于连接两个并列成分，表示“也，而且”。
as well as还可以作介词用，相当于besides，in addition to等。
as well也；又；还(常放在肯定句末尾，作为副词短语使用)
may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事
注意：当as well as连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与as well as前面的主语保持一致(就远原则)。
(1)We have a responsibility to our community as well as our families.
(2)As well as (eat) five course meals，they drank seven bottles of wine.
(3)China possesses enormous quantities of coal and is rich in other minerals well.
(4)The famous musician，as well as his students， (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony.
to
eating
as
was invited
(5)(应用文写作之建议信)在我看来，你不妨改一些台词，并在其中加入一些非正式表达就更好了。
As far as I am concerned，________________________________
______ and add some informal expressions to them.
写作佳句
you may/might as well change some
lines
annoy
6
[教材原句P55]Does it annoy you to see cars blocking the road like weeds when you are travelling
旅游时，你看到大量的汽车堵塞公路是否会感到烦躁？
vt.使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰(annoyed adj.感到恼怒的，感到烦恼的 annoying adj.令人恼怒的，令人生气的，令人烦恼的 annoyance n.恼怒，生气，烦恼；使人烦恼的事)
·It annoys sb that/when/how...……使某人恼怒
·be annoyed with sb对某人生气
be annoyed about/at sth为某事生气
·to one’s annoyance 使某人生气的是
(1)Much to our (annoy)，they committed serious mistakes when analyzing the data.
(2) (annoy) and helpless，I didn’t know how to restore my confidence in English.
annoyance
Annoyed
(3)(读后续写之愤怒心理描写)我不能集中精力做实验，因为我旁边的人一直试图和我说话，这让我很恼火。我对他令人生气的行为感到非常恼火，气得脸都红了。
I couldn’t bury myself in doing the experiment because the guy next to me tried to talk to me all the time.I was that my face turned red .
写作佳句
It annoyed me that
so annoyed about/at his annoying behavior
in annoyance
[教材原句P53]What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
如果我告诉你，医生可以先造出一个虚拟的“孪生病人”练习精密的手术，然后再在病人身上进行实际操作呢？
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，What if...？表示“假使……将会怎么样？”，相当于“What will happen if...？”。
7
What if...
常见省略式问句还有：
What for？为什么？
So what？那又怎样？
How come？怎么会这样呢？
(1)(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)伊娃又紧张又害怕，来回踱步，喃喃地说：“如果我在巨大的教学楼里迷路了怎么办？”
Nervous and frightened，Eva paced back and forth，murmuring，“ ？”
What if I get lost in the huge school building
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我不乐意参加写作比赛，我的老师问：“为什么？”我道出我的担心，我的老师拍了拍我的肩膀，耐心地说：“那又怎样？即使你失败了，你至少尽了最大的努力。”
I was unwilling to take part in the writing contest and my teacher asked，“ ？” I blurted out my worries and my teacher patted me on the shoulder，patiently saying，“ ？Even if you fail，you have tried your best at least.”
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)我冲向医院，推开门，喘着气问道：“怎么会这样呢？”
I charged towards the hospital，pushed the door open and gasped，“__________？”
What for
So what
How come
[教材原句P54]It won’t be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.用不了多久，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得司空见惯。
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，before引导时间状语从句。
8
before引导时间状语从句
before的相关句型有：
It won’t be long before...不久就会……(before从句用一般现在时)
It wasn’t long before...没过多久就……(before从句用一般过去时)
It will be＋一段时间＋before...还要过多久才……(before从句用一般现在时)
It was＋一段时间＋before...过了多久才……(before从句用一般过去时)
(1)我要花两个小时才能完全解决这个关键问题。
I completely solve this critical problem.
(2)(读后续写之情感描写)没过多久简就意识到她在陌生的森林里迷路了，这使她如坐针毡。但是她不断地安慰自己，“用不了多久我的丈夫就会找到我。”
，which made her feel like being on pins and needles.But she constantly comforted herself，“ .”
(3)过了三天我们才弄清楚这台机器出了什么毛病，我们终于松了一口气。
what was wrong with the machine and we finally sighed in relief.
It will be/take two hours before
It wasn’t long before Jane sensed that she got lost in the unfamiliar forest
It won’t be long before my husband finds me
It was three days before we figured out
[教材原句P54]When shopping online，you can look forward to being able to have your own virtual reality clone try on clothes and to see products with 360-degree views.
网上购物时，你可以期待拥有自己的虚拟现实克隆人替你试穿衣服、360°全方位查看商品。
[教材原句P54]When talking about VR，we should keep in mind its quick rate of evolution.
当我们谈论VR的时候，需要牢记它的进展之快。
9
状语从句的省略
[结构分析] 这两句都是复合句，When shopping online/When talking about VR均是状语从句的省略，完整形式分别是When you are shopping online/When we are talking about VR。
当when，while，if，unless，as if等词引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it，且谓语中含be动词时，可同时省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。
(1)(读后续写片段)当想到狼的血盆大口时，马克因害怕而几乎昏厥。尽管吓得要死，马克挣扎着爬起来，拼尽全力把自行车扔向狼。
When ，Mac nearly fainted with fright.Though ，Mac struggled to crawl up and threw his bicycle at the wolf with all his strength.
(2)当有必要时，你可以向慷慨的教授寻求指导。
，you can turn to the generous professor for guidance.
(3)他张开嘴好像要说些什么，但是他摇了摇头，什么也没说就离开了。
He opened his mouth as if ，but he shook his head and left without a word.
thinking of the wolf’s bloody mouth
frightened/scared to death
When necessary
to say something
(4)(应用文写作之求助信)如果可能的话，你能提供一些关于如何找到一个在线应用程序的建议吗？
，could you provide some advice on how to find an online app
返 回
If possible
基础达标检测
1.The number of crimes in this region has from more than 200 to less than 60 this year.
2.Though I have been in books these days，I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself.
3.When it comes to English learning，I have the following (有用的) suggestions to share.
4.She was quite (乐观的) and energetic，which brought me a lot of happiness and courage.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
decreased
buried
practical
optimistic
5.He is one of the representatives of Chinese literature，whose works have been translated into many languages.
6.This poses a (威胁) to agriculture and the food chain，and consequently to human health.
contemporary
threat
1.The young are quick to respond to changes and are _________________ (处于最前列) new trends in society.
2.The solution to the problem (在于) the improvement of the economic environment.
3.Most of the crimes may (归结为) a question of money.
4. (在……方面) quantity，production grew faster than ever before.
5.We must (牢记) that study always comes first.
Ⅱ.短语填空
at the forefront of
lies in
boil down to
In terms of
keep in mind
Virtual reality can be defined as reality that is not real. 1._________ (equip) with sensors and a screen，a VR headset makes 2. possible for you to be surrounded by three-D images，sounds and other sensory information,3. (create) a super-realistic effect called “presence”.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Equipped
it
creating
So far，VR 4. (apply) in many fields.When students are engaged in the immersive environment，they will learn more 5.__________(efficient).A 6. (construction) application in medicine is that doctors could create a virtual “twin” to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient.It also has some effects on the different aspects of our everyday lives，such as 7.______________ (entertain)，shopping and travelling.It won’t be long 8. virtual reality breaks into the world of museums and exhibitions.
has been applied
efficiently
constructive
entertainment
before
However，there still exist some barriers to the development of VR. For example，more time is needed 9. (develop) and fine-tune the hardware and software，the initial cost needs to be brought down and technical limitations should be dealt with.
Anyway，we are still optimistic that VR technology will enjoy a bright future 10. all the challenges.
返 回
to develop
despite
作业4
1.To my (annoy)，my son worked at the expense of his physical health.
2.While (wait) for the ultimate result，I paced back and forth，with my heart pounding wildly.
3.As we all know，the legal things should be protected and anything _______(legal) must be prohibited.
4. (distribute) of the food is going ahead using a network of local people and other volunteers.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
annoyance
waiting
illegal
Distribution
5.It can (conclude) from a host of documents that the number of wild animals is on the decrease.
6.It wasn’t long he switched his former attitude and his academic performance gradually got improved.
7.What he can’t face the challenge head-on？Apparently，we must think about how to motivate him to stick to his goal.
8.Quantities of findings (analyse) at the moment by the specialists and hence，don’t disturb them.
be concluded
before
if
are being analysed
9.The students benefiting most from college are those who are engaged ____ academic life，making full use of all chances and resources.
10.There is no denying it’s very important for us to form a good habit of study.
in
that
1.人们认为，用不了多久，虚拟现实技术就会改变我们生活的方式。(before引导的时间状语从句)
It is believed that _______________________________________________
_____________________.
2.许多人，特别是年轻人，很乐意进入虚拟世界，为什么呢？(省略式问句)
A host of people，especially the young，will be willing to enter the virtual world and
Ⅱ.主题微写作
it won’t be long before virtual reality changes the way (in which/that) we live
what for
3.当他们接触到这个世界时，他们可以参加很多虚拟活动，比如虚拟体育赛事或者旅行。(状语从句的省略)
，they can be engaged in a lot of virtual activities，such as virtual sports events or trips.
4.年轻人沉迷于虚拟现实的原因可以归结为这个世界隐藏着无限的可能性。(定语从句；bury)
The reason boils down to the endless possibilities hidden in this world.
When exposed to this world/When exposing themselves to this world
why the young are buried in/bury themselves in VR
5.因此，我们可以得出结论：虚拟现实技术未来可期。(conclusion)
Therefore，we _________________________________________________
_________________________________.
can come to/reach/arrive at/draw the conclusion that virtual reality has a promising future
A
(2025·山东青岛高二上期末)
A team of students in the Netherlands has designed and built a solid car that’s completely powered by the sun.The car，called Stella Terra，is the first solar-powered car that can travel off-road for long distances without needing a charging station.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了荷兰的一组学生设计并制造了第一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野汽车。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Students at Eindhoven University of Technology have been working on solar-powered cars for years.But last year,30 students，known as Solar Team Eindhoven，took a year off to work on developing an off-road solar-powered car.
To bring a highly efficient solar-powered car closer to reality，the team designed the entire car，from top to bottom.The car generated energy using the absorbed solar power from the solar panels(太阳能电池板)on top，which are 97% efficient.Most solar panels，by contrast，are only about 20% efficient，meaning a waste of about 80% of the sunlight they get.Weighing just 2,600 pounds，the car has a top speed of 90 miles per hour and can run for 390 miles on a sunny day.On the bottom，they designed a system to handle the heavy shaking that comes when driving over uneven surfaces.
The landscape of the Netherlands limits the testing options available to the team，so they took the car on its biggest test drive across Morocco，where the car had to weather through forests and dry riverbeds，across loose desert sand and up challenging mountain paths.The car succeeded in doing all of this and all without ever stopping at a charging station.
“It was an incredible trip with a positive ending.We’re pushing the boundaries of technology，” says Wisse Bos，the team manager.The team take pride in their car，but they won’t be upset if car companies start to copy their ideas.In fact，they hope Stella Terra will inspire car companies to work on similar projects.But despite their success，the students think it’ll take 5 to 10 years before car companies are able to build a similar car.
1.What’s the purpose of mentioning the data in paragraph 3
A.To highlight the development of cars.
B.To explain the car’s complex structure.
C.To demonstrate the car’s good performance.
D.To clarify problems with other solar panels.
写作目的题。根据文章第三段中“The car generated energy using the absorbed solar power from the solar panels(太阳能电池板)on top，which are 97% efficient...Weighing just 2,600 pounds，the car has a top speed of 90 miles per hour and can run for 390 miles on a sunny day.”可知，在文章中提到这些数据是为了展示汽车的良好性能，故选C。
解析
√
2.Why was Morocco chosen to do the major car testing
A.It’s a thinly populated place.
B.It enjoys a pleasant climate.
C.It has convenient transportation.
D.Its landforms meet test requirements.
√
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“The landscape of the Netherlands limits the testing options available to the team，so they took the car on its biggest test drive across Morocco，where the car had to weather through forests and dry riverbeds，across loose desert sand and up challenging mountain paths.”可知，他们选择在摩洛哥进行汽车测试是因为摩洛哥的地貌符合实验要求，故选D。
解析
3.How did Wisse Bos sound about their car
A.Excited. B.Shocked.
C.Disturbed. D.Awkward.
观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中“‘It was an incredible trip with a positive ending.We’ re pushing the boundaries of technology，’ says Wisse Bos，the team manager.”可知，Wisse Bos对他们的汽车感到兴奋，故选A。
解析
√
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.An Adventurous Trip
B.The Future of Electric Cars
C.Stella Terra: the First Eco-friendly Vehicle
D.Students Create a Lasting Solar-powered Car
标题归纳题。结合文章第一段并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了荷兰的一组学生设计并制造了第一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野汽车。由此可知，D项“学生们创造了一辆持久的太阳能汽车”适合作本文标题。故选D。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
(2025·福建福州高二上期末)
In the past few months，Sam Altman，the father of ChatGPT，has become the hottest face in the world of AI.Many industry leaders and AI researchers see ChatGPT as a fundamental technological shift，as significant as the creation of the web browser.But few can agree on the future of this technology.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ChatGPT之父萨姆·阿尔特曼以及他的相关理论技术。
Some believe it will deliver a utopia(乌托邦) where everyone has all the time and money ever needed.Others believe it could destroy humanity. Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is，insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem.
Mr Altman，a slim，boyish-looking,37-year-old businessman and investor from the suburbs of St.Louis，sits calmly in the middle of it all. As chief executive of OpenAI，he somehow embraces each of these seemingly distinct views，hoping to balance the numerous possibilities as he moves this strange，powerful，unperfect technology into the future.
He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another，that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause.It is an attitude that mirrors Mr Altman’s own path.
He is not necessarily motivated by money.Like many personal fortunes in Silicon Valley that are tied up in a wide variety of public and private companies，Mr Altman’s wealth is not well recorded.But he said the only money he stands to make from the company is a yearly salary—“whatever the minimum for health insurance is，” he said.
Georgeann Kepchar，who taught Advanced Placement computer science course，saw Mr Altman as one of her most talented computer science students—and one with a rare knack for pushing people in new directions.“He had creativity and vision，combined with the ambition and force of personality to convince others to work with him on putting his ideas into action，” she said.
5.Which of the following words can best describe people’s attitude toward ChatGPT
A.Optimistic. B.Pessimistic.
C.Similar. D.Contradictory.
观点态度题。根据第二段“Some believe it will deliver a utopia(乌托邦) where everyone has all the time and money ever needed.Others believe it could destroy humanity.Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is，insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem.”可知，人们对于ChatGPT的态度是矛盾的。故选D。
解析
√
6.What can we infer from paragraph 3
A.Altman is very thin and well-looking.
B.Altman can accept different views quietly.
C.AI will be a destructive technology.
D.AI probably has few possibilities.
推理判断题。根据第三段“Mr Altman...sits calmly in the middle of it all.As the chief executive of OpenAI，he somehow embraces each of these seemingly distinct views...”可知，阿尔特曼可以平静地接受不同的观点。故选B。
解析
√
7.How does Mr Altman like AI technology
A.AI will be fantastic. B.AI will be harmful.
C.AI will be visualizable. D.AI will bring him fame.
推理判断题。根据第四段中“He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another，that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause.”可知，阿尔特曼先生觉得人工智能技术会很棒。故选A。
解析
√
8.What does the underlined word “knack” mean in the last paragraph
A.Vision. B.Skill.
C.Discovery. D.Thought.
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Georgeann Kepchar，who taught Advanced Placement computer science course，saw Mr Altman as one of her most talented computer science students—and one with a rare knack for pushing people in new directions.”可知，乔治安·凯普查尔认为阿尔特曼是她最有才能的计算机科学学生之一。由此猜测，教授认为阿尔特曼有把人类推向新方向的能力，即knack意为“才能，能力”，与skill相近。故选B。
解析
√
1.powerful adj.强大的；强有力的→power n.能力；力量；权力；影响力→powerless adj.无影响力的；无权的
2.seemingly adv.貌似；表面上；据说
3.mirror n.→v.反射；反映
4.stand to 坚持；准备行动
5.convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
6.put...into action把……付诸实践
词汇积累
1.Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is，insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem.
分析：此句为复合句。句中两个that均引导宾语从句，在两个从句中又分别含有一个as...as引导的比较状语从句。
翻译：还有一些人花了很多时间争辩说，这项技术从来没有像大家说的那么强大，他们坚持认为，天堂和地狱都不像看起来那么近。
句式分析
2.He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another，that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause.
分析：此句为复合句。该句中含有4个that，第1、2和4个引导宾语从句，第3个引导定语从句。
翻译：他相信人工智能会以这样或那样的方式出现，相信它会做出连自己都无法想象的奇妙事情，相信我们可以找到减少它可能造成的伤害的方法。
Watching a plane fly across the sky as a young boy，Todd Smith knew that flying was what he wanted to do when he was older.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了托德·史密斯如何放弃自己的飞行生涯成为一名气候活动家。
Ⅳ.完形填空
After five years’ training，he finally 1 his dream job in his late twenties—working as an airline pilot.But in 2019，the travel firm he was 2 for was closed down.
1.A.quit B.changed C.completed D.landed
2.A.waiting B.preparing C.working D.looking
√
√
1.根据上文“After five years’ training”和下文“his dream job”可知，他终于在快30岁的时候找到了自己梦寐以求的工作。故选D。
2.根据上文“working as an airline pilot”可知，他任职的旅游公司倒闭了。故选C。
解析
By this time Mr Smith had become increasingly 3 about the growing threat of climate change，and the aviation(航空) industry’s carbon emissions(碳排放).“I had an uncomfortable 4 ，” he says.
3.A.concerned B.curious
C.serious D.doubtful
4.A.tension B.conflict
C.solution D.passion
√
√
3.根据下文“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups”可知，史密斯先生已经越来越关注日益增长的气候变化的威胁。故选A。
4.根据下文“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups，but I knew it would ruin my ”可知，史密斯先生有一种不安的矛盾。故选B。
解析
“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups，but I knew it would ruin my 5 ，and I had a lot of 6 .It would be easier to return to the industry and pay them off.”
5.A.fame B.life C.ambition D.career
6.A.needs B.debts C.pressures D.troubles
√
√
5.根据下文“the industry”和“quit his flying career for good”可知，加入环保抗议团体意味着毁了自己的事业。故选D。
6.根据下文“pay them off”可知，史密斯先生有很多债务。故选B。
解析
Yet after hesitating for several months，Mr Smith finally 7 to quit his flying career for good.“I prefer flying and 8 interesting destinations，and earning a decent 9 ，” says Mr Smith.
7.A.refused B.promised
C.expected D.decided
8.A.discovering B.comparing
C.recording D.visiting
9.A.salary B.honor
C.award D.title
√
√
√
7.根据下文“quit his flying career for good”可知，史密斯先生最终决定永远放弃他的飞行生涯。下文“Giving up his dream job was a_______ decision”也是提示。故选D。
8.根据下文“interesting destinations”可知，史密斯先生更喜欢去有趣的地方旅游参观。故选D。
9.根据上文“working as an airline pilot”可知，作为一名飞行员，史密斯先生更喜欢坐飞机去有趣的地方旅游，挣一份体面的薪水。故选A。
解析
“But when we are 10 the climate and ecological emergency，how could I possibly 11 my needs We need to think about how to 12 the biggest threat to humanity.”
10.A.accustomed to B.faced with
C.addicted to D.trapped in
11.A.remove B.raise
C.meet D.stress
12.A.issue B.view
C.make D.handle
√
√
√
10.根据下文“the climate and ecological emergency”可知，此处指面对气候和生态紧急情况。故选B。
11.根据下文“my needs”可知，此处指满足史密斯先生自己的需求。故选C。
12.根据上文可知，史密斯先生放弃了自己的飞行员事业，目的是为环境保护做出贡献，再根据下文“biggest threat to humanity”可知，史密斯先生认为我们需要考虑如何应对人类面临的最大威胁。故选D。
解析
Giving up his dream job was a 13 decision，he says.“Financially I’ve been really 14 .It’s been challenging，but taking action has 15 my anxiety.” Mr Smith is now a climate activist.
13.A.tough B.wise C.reasonable D.positive
14.A.saving B.struggling C.investing D.contributing
15.A.covered B.balanced C.eased D.increased
√
√
√
13.根据常理可知，放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定。故选A。
14.根据上文史密斯先生有债务可知，他在经济上一直很艰难。故选B。
15.根据“taking action”可知，采取行动减轻了史密斯先生的焦虑。故选C。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 5　Extended reading
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure and the main idea of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the structure of the text by filling in the blanks.
Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us virtual reality and its advantages and challenges.
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．What are the practical application fields of VR technology mentioned
A．Medicine，shopping and education.
B．Education，entertainment and finance.
C．Entertainment，finance and travelling.
D．Education，medicine and the military.
答案　A
2．What does the word “cost-effective” in Line 29 mean
A．Costless. B．Costly.
C．Profitable. D．Cost-efficient.
答案　D
3．What conclusions can we reach regarding the future of VR
A．It will be a rather long time before VR comes into our daily life.
B．5G technology lays a foundation for an immersive VR experience.
C．There are some disadvantages that will stop the development of VR.
D．Young people are not willing to become part of technological generation.
答案　B
4．What’s the editor’s purpose of having this interview
A．To illustrate how VR works.
B．To criticize the bad consequences of VR.
C．To know more information of VR from the expert.
D．To have a debate with the expert about VR technology.
答案　C
5．What’s Frank’s attitude towards the future of VR
A．Critical. B．Casual.
C．Positive. D．Negative.
答案　C
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1．处于最前列，进入重要地位 at the forefront of
2．在于…… lie in
3．配备传感器和屏幕的虚拟现实耳机a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen
4．被……包围 be surrounded by
5．许多实际/教育/建设性应用a lot/host/variety of practical/educational/constructive applications
6．与……互动 interact with
7．以一种有意义的方式 in a meaningful way
8．提高学习效率enhance learning efficiency
9．高度发达的技术产业 highly developed technical industries
10．做复杂的手术perform complex surgery
11．与……对战 play against
12．期待，期望 look forward to
13．试穿；试戴 try on
14．去度假 go on holiday
15．有机会做某事have the opportunity to do sth
16．进行虚拟旅行take a virtual tour
17．如同，和……一样 as with
18．归结为boil down to
19．理解，弄清；想出；计算出 figure out
20．就……而言；从……角度看 in terms of
21．牢记；放在心上 keep in mind
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．Can you tell us what virtual reality is and how it works？(P53 Para.1)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。what和how引导的是宾语从句，作动词tell的宾语。
[汉语翻译]　你能告诉我们什么是虚拟现实以及它的工作原理吗？
2．The basic definition of VR lies in the name itself，which means “reality that is not real”．(P53 Para.2)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词name；that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reality。
[汉语翻译]　虚拟现实的基本定义在于其名字本身，即“不真实的现实”。
3．When you wear a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen，you are surrounded by three-D images，sounds and other sensory information，which creates a super-realistic effect called “presence”．(P53 Para.2)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句；过去分词短语equipped with sensors and a screen作后置定语，修饰名词词组VR headset；which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话；called “presence”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词effect。
[汉语翻译]　当你戴上配有传感器和屏幕的虚拟现实头戴设备时，你会被三维影像、声音和其他感官信息所包围，从而产生一种称为“临场感”的超现实效果。
4．Though you know the sensory information surrounding you is not real，part of your brain believes it is—and acts accordingly.(P53 Para.2)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。Though引导让步状语从句；动词-ing形式短语surrounding you作后置定语，修饰名词information。
[汉语翻译]　虽然你知道你周围的感官信息是不真实的，但你大脑的某些区域相信它是真实的——并会作出相应的反馈。
5．There are endless possibilities for the subject matter that can be created in a VR system.(P53 Para.4)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词subject matter。
[汉语翻译]　能在虚拟现实系统中创作的题材具有无限的可能性。
6．Also，people who want to go on holiday will have the opportunity to take a virtual tour of several destinations before deciding where to go.(P54 Para.8)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people；where to go是“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语。
[汉语翻译]　另外，想去度假的人在决定去哪里之前，将有机会以虚拟的方式游览几个目的地。
7．Just trying to figure out how to do what we want in terms of technology will prove challenging in some areas.(P54 Para.10)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。trying...technology是动名词短语作主语，what引导宾语从句。
[汉语翻译]　在某些领域，光是试图弄清楚如何从技术角度实现我们的想法就将是具有挑战性的。
8．Considering there are so many challenges to deal with，are you still optimistic about the future of VR (P54 Para.11)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。Considering引导原因状语从句，意为“考虑到；鉴于”。
[汉语翻译]　鉴于有这么多的挑战要面对，你对虚拟现实的未来还抱有乐观心态吗？
9．What excites me the most is that young people today are digital citizens who are comfortable with technology.(P54 Para.12)
[结构分析]　此句是主从复合句。What引导主语从句；that引导表语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词citizens。
[汉语翻译]　最让我兴奋的是，今天的年轻人都是数字公民，他们对技术都已习以为常。
deny vt.否定，否认；拒绝接受，拒绝承认
[教材原句P48]There can be no denying that the technology will have a huge impact on everyday life.无可否认，这种技术将对日常生活产生重大影响。
[人教版]To sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages，so when you think about studying abroad，you should consider these many factors.
综上所述，人们不能否认出国留学有其缺点，所以当你考虑出国留学时，你应该考虑这些因素。
deny doing sth＝deny having done sth 否认做过某事 deny sb sth＝deny sth to sb 拒绝给予某人某物 There is no denying that...不可否认…… We can’t deny the fact that ...我们无法否认的事实是……
(1)The babysitter denied abusing/having abused(abuse) the young child. Apparently，she was lying.
(2)Justice must not be denied to anyone，regardless of gender，the social background and the education.
[写作佳句]
(3)不可否认，是老师的鼓励和帮助让我稳步前进。
There is no denying that it was my teacher’s encouragement and help that resulted in my steady progress.
(4)我们无法否认的事实是，养成良好的学习习惯会带来更好的学业表现。
We can’t deny the fact that having good study habits leads to better academic performance.
quantity n．数量；大量
[教材原句P49]When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large quantities，the sky gets more and more crowded.当大量载人无人机在我们的城市上空飞行时，天空变得越来越拥挤。
[人教版]Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients.
加工食品通常比新鲜食材含有更少的营养、更多的糖、盐和脂肪。
a quantity of/quantities of大量的 in quantity在数量上；大量地 in large quantities大量，大批 用法点拨：a quantity of/quantities of后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词。 “a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
(1)No one can deny the fact that a quantity of his money has(have) been spent on bringing up his children.
＝No one can deny the fact that quantities of his money have(have) been spent on bringing up his children.
(2)They have been committed to their research and breakthroughs are created in large quantities(quantity) every day.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之邀请信)得知你在打篮球方面有许多经验，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们的篮球俱乐部。
Learning that you have a large quantity of/large quantities of experience in playing basketball，I’m writing to sincerely invite you to join our basketball club.
bury vt.埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆盖；遮盖
[教材原句P51]The time capsule，buried 50 feet below the ground in a park，was designed to be opened in the year 6939.这个时间胶囊被埋在一个公园地下50英尺处，计划于6939年打开。
[北师大版]Families who had only just got through the war now had to bury their loved ones who had died of the disease.刚刚熬过战争的人们现在不得不埋葬他们死于疾病的亲人。
bury oneself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于 bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面 表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有be absorbed in，be lost in，be devoted to，focus on/upon，concentrate one’s attention on等。
(1)Buried(bury) in reading，I didn’t notice someone take my fountain pen.
(2)He focused on/upon monitoring what was happening in the room.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之尴尬心理描写)他双手掩面，琢磨着如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
He buried his face in his hands and was wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment.
(4)这对双胞胎专心做早饭，没有注意到爸爸溜进了厨房。
①The twins buried themselves in/were buried in cooking breakfast and they didn’t notice their father slide into the kitchen.
②Burying themselves in/Buried in cooking breakfast，the twins didn’t notice their father slide into the kitchen.(分词作状语)
engage vi.& vt.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系[engaged adj.已订婚的；占线的；使用中的；忙于 engagement n．订婚；婚约；约会；(与……的)密切关系)]
[教材原句P53]By delivering the content in a meaningful way，this new approach to learning manages to engage students’ interest and enhance learning efficiency.
通过用一种富有意义的方式来呈现内容，这种新的学习方式能够吸引学生的兴趣，提高学习效率。
[人教版]“Engaging in British culture has helped，” she said.
她说：“融入英国文化使我受益匪浅。”
[北师大版]He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle，and made remarkable progress.他进行了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步。
·engage sb to do sth聘用某人做某事 engage (sb ) in...(使某人)从事；参与 ·be engaged to sb与某人订婚 be engaged in (doing) sth忙于/从事(做)某事
(1)Parents should urge their children not to engage in virtual world too much.
(2)Mary will be engaged to Tom，and their engagement(engage) attracts many people’s attention.
(3)To meet the demands，the government engaged a lot of experts to develop(develop) the vaccine against the virus.
[写作佳句]
(4)虽然我每天都忙于学习，但我坚持留出一些时间定期做户外运动。
While/Although/Though (I’m) engaged in study every day，I insist on setting aside some time to do outdoor exercise regularly.
as well as 也；又；而且
[教材原句P53]It sounds like VR will be a life-changing technology as well as a life-saving one.
听起来，虚拟现实将是一种改变生活的技术，也是一种拯救生命的技术。
[人教版]They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗，联合王国国旗。
as well as的本义为“和……一样好”，也可以用于连接两个并列成分，表示“也，而且”。 as well as还可以作介词用，相当于besides，in addition to等。 as well也；又；还(常放在肯定句末尾，作为副词短语使用) may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事 注意：当as well as连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与as well as前面的主语保持一致(就远原则)。
(1)We have a responsibility to our community as well as to our families.
(2)As well as eating(eat) five course meals，they drank seven bottles of wine.
(3)China possesses enormous quantities of coal and is rich in other minerals as well.
(4)The famous musician，as well as his students，was invited(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony.
[写作佳句]
(5)(应用文写作之建议信)在我看来，你不妨改一些台词，并在其中加入一些非正式表达就更好了。
As far as I am concerned，you may/might as well change some lines and add some informal expressions to them.
annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰(annoyed adj.感到恼怒的，感到烦恼的 annoying adj.令人恼怒的，令人生气的，令人烦恼的 annoyance n．恼怒，生气，烦恼；使人烦恼的事)
[教材原句P55]Does it annoy you to see cars blocking the road like weeds when you are travelling
旅游时，你看到大量的汽车堵塞公路是否会感到烦躁？
·It annoys sb that/when/how...……使某人恼怒 ·be annoyed with sb对某人生气 be annoyed about/at sth为某事生气 ·to one’s annoyance 使某人生气的是
(1)Much to our annoyance(annoy)，they committed serious mistakes when analyzing the data.
(2)Annoyed(annoy) and helpless，I didn’t know how to restore my confidence in English.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之愤怒心理描写)我不能集中精力做实验，因为我旁边的人一直试图和我说话，这让我很恼火。我对他令人生气的行为感到非常恼火，气得脸都红了。
It annoyed me that I couldn’t bury myself in doing the experiment because the guy next to me tried to talk to me all the time.I was so annoyed about/at his annoying behavior that my face turned red in annoyance.
What if...
[教材原句P53]What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
如果我告诉你，医生可以先造出一个虚拟的“孪生病人”练习精密的手术，然后再在病人身上进行实际操作呢？
[结构分析]　此句是复合句，What if...？表示“假使……将会怎么样？”，相当于“What will happen if...？”。
常见省略式问句还有： What for？为什么？ So what？那又怎样？ How come？怎么会这样呢？
(1)(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)伊娃又紧张又害怕，来回踱步，喃喃地说：“如果我在巨大的教学楼里迷路了怎么办？”
Nervous and frightened，Eva paced back and forth，murmuring，“What if I get lost in the huge school building？”
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我不乐意参加写作比赛，我的老师问：“为什么？”我道出我的担心，我的老师拍了拍我的肩膀，耐心地说：“那又怎样？即使你失败了，你至少尽了最大的努力。”
I was unwilling to take part in the writing contest and my teacher asked，“What for？” I blurted out my worries and my teacher patted me on the shoulder，patiently saying，“So what？Even if you fail，you have tried your best at least.”
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)我冲向医院，推开门，喘着气问道：“怎么会这样呢？”
I charged towards the hospital，pushed the door open and gasped，“How come？”
before引导时间状语从句
[教材原句P54]It won’t be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.用不了多久，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得司空见惯。
[结构分析]　此句是复合句，before引导时间状语从句。
before的相关句型有： It won’t be long before...不久就会……(before从句用一般现在时) It wasn’t long before...没过多久就……(before从句用一般过去时) It will be＋一段时间＋before...还要过多久才……(before从句用一般现在时) It was＋一段时间＋before...过了多久才……(before从句用一般过去时)
(1)我要花两个小时才能完全解决这个关键问题。
It will be/take two hours before I completely solve this critical problem.
(2)(读后续写之情感描写)没过多久简就意识到她在陌生的森林里迷路了，这使她如坐针毡。但是她不断地安慰自己，“用不了多久我的丈夫就会找到我。”
It wasn’t long before Jane sensed that she got lost in the unfamiliar forest，which made her feel like being on pins and needles.But she constantly comforted herself，“It won’t be long before my husband finds me.”
(3)过了三天我们才弄清楚这台机器出了什么毛病，我们终于松了一口气。
It was three days before we figured out what was wrong with the machine and we finally sighed in relief.
状语从句的省略
[教材原句P54]When shopping online，you can look forward to being able to have your own virtual reality clone try on clothes and to see products with 360-degree views.
网上购物时，你可以期待拥有自己的虚拟现实克隆人替你试穿衣服、360°全方位查看商品。
[教材原句P54]When talking about VR，we should keep in mind its quick rate of evolution.
当我们谈论VR的时候，需要牢记它的进展之快。
[结构分析]　这两句都是复合句，When shopping online/When talking about VR均是状语从句的省略，完整形式分别是When you are shopping online/When we are talking about VR。
当when，while，if，unless，as if等词引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it，且谓语中含be动词时，可同时省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。
(1)(读后续写片段)当想到狼的血盆大口时，马克因害怕而几乎昏厥。尽管吓得要死，马克挣扎着爬起来，拼尽全力把自行车扔向狼。
When thinking of the wolf’s bloody mouth，Mac nearly fainted with fright.Though frightened/scared to death，Mac struggled to crawl up and threw his bicycle at the wolf with all his strength.
(2)当有必要时，你可以向慷慨的教授寻求指导。
When necessary，you can turn to the generous professor for guidance.
(3)他张开嘴好像要说些什么，但是他摇了摇头，什么也没说就离开了。
He opened his mouth as if to say something，but he shook his head and left without a word.
(4)(应用文写作之求助信)如果可能的话，你能提供一些关于如何找到一个在线应用程序的建议吗？
If possible，could you provide some advice on how to find an online app
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The number of crimes in this region has decreased from more than 200 to less than 60 this year.
2．Though I have been buried in books these days，I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself.
3．When it comes to English learning，I have the following practical(有用的) suggestions to share.
4．She was quite optimistic(乐观的) and energetic，which brought me a lot of happiness and courage.
5．He is one of the representatives of Chinese contemporary literature，whose works have been translated into many languages.
6．This poses a threat(威胁) to agriculture and the food chain，and consequently to human health.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．The young are quick to respond to changes and are at the forefront of(处于最前列) new trends in society.
2．The solution to the problem lies in(在于) the improvement of the economic environment.
3．Most of the crimes may boil down to(归结为) a question of money.
4．In terms of(在……方面) quantity，production grew faster than ever before.
5．We must keep in mind(牢记) that study always comes first.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Virtual reality can be defined as reality that is not real.1.Equipped(equip) with sensors and a screen，a VR headset makes 2.it possible for you to be surrounded by three-D images，sounds and other sensory information,3.creating(create) a super-realistic effect called “presence”．
So far，VR 4.has been applied(apply) in many fields.When students are engaged in the immersive environment，they will learn more 5.efficiently(efficient)．A 6.constructive (construction) application in medicine is that doctors could create a virtual “twin” to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient.It also has some effects on the different aspects of our everyday lives，such as 7.entertainment(entertain)，shopping and travelling.It won’t be long 8.before virtual reality breaks into the world of museums and exhibitions.
However，there still exist some barriers to the development of VR.For example，more time is needed 9.to develop(develop) and fine-tune the hardware and software，the initial cost needs to be brought down and technical limitations should be dealt with.
Anyway，we are still optimistic that VR technology will enjoy a bright future 10.despite all the challenges.
作业4　Extended reading
[分值：65分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．To my annoyance(annoy)，my son worked at the expense of his physical health.
2．While waiting(wait) for the ultimate result，I paced back and forth，with my heart pounding wildly.
3．As we all know，the legal things should be protected and anything illegal(legal) must be prohibited.
4．Distribution(distribute) of the food is going ahead using a network of local people and other volunteers.
5．It can be concluded(conclude) from a host of documents that the number of wild animals is on the decrease.
6．It wasn’t long before he switched his former attitude and his academic performance gradually got improved.
7．What if he can’t face the challenge head-on？Apparently，we must think about how to motivate him to stick to his goal.
8．Quantities of findings are being analysed(analyse) at the moment by the specialists and hence，don’t disturb them.
9．The students benefiting most from college are those who are engaged in academic life，making full use of all chances and resources.
10．There is no denying that it’s very important for us to form a good habit of study.
Ⅱ.主题微写作(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
1．人们认为，用不了多久，虚拟现实技术就会改变我们生活的方式。(before引导的时间状语从句)
It is believed that it won’t be long before virtual reality changes the way (in which/that) we live.
2．许多人，特别是年轻人，很乐意进入虚拟世界，为什么呢？(省略式问句)
A host of people，especially the young，will be willing to enter the virtual world and what for
3．当他们接触到这个世界时，他们可以参加很多虚拟活动，比如虚拟体育赛事或者旅行。(状语从句的省略)
When exposed to this world/When exposing themselves to this world，they can be engaged in a lot of virtual activities，such as virtual sports events or trips.
4．年轻人沉迷于虚拟现实的原因可以归结为这个世界隐藏着无限的可能性。(定语从句；bury)
The reason why the young are buried in/bury themselves in VR boils down to the endless possibilities hidden in this world.
5．因此，我们可以得出结论：虚拟现实技术未来可期。(conclusion)
Therefore，we can come to/reach/arrive at/draw the conclusion that virtual reality has a promising future.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·山东青岛高二上期末)
A team of students in the Netherlands has designed and built a solid car that’s completely powered by the sun.The car，called Stella Terra，is the first solar-powered car that can travel off-road for long distances without needing a charging station.
Students at Eindhoven University of Technology have been working on solar-powered cars for years.But last year,30 students，known as Solar Team Eindhoven，took a year off to work on developing an off-road solar-powered car.
To bring a highly efficient solar-powered car closer to reality，the team designed the entire car，from top to bottom.The car generated energy using the absorbed solar power from the solar panels(太阳能电池板)on top，which are 97% efficient.Most solar panels，by contrast，are only about 20% efficient，meaning a waste of about 80% of the sunlight they get.Weighing just 2,600 pounds，the car has a top speed of 90 miles per hour and can run for 390 miles on a sunny day.On the bottom，they designed a system to handle the heavy shaking that comes when driving over uneven surfaces.
The landscape of the Netherlands limits the testing options available to the team，so they took the car on its biggest test drive across Morocco，where the car had to weather through forests and dry riverbeds，across loose desert sand and up challenging mountain paths.The car succeeded in doing all of this and all without ever stopping at a charging station.
“It was an incredible trip with a positive ending.We’re pushing the boundaries of technology，” says Wisse Bos，the team manager.The team take pride in their car，but they won’t be upset if car companies start to copy their ideas.In fact，they hope Stella Terra will inspire car companies to work on similar projects.But despite their success，the students think it’ll take 5 to 10 years before car companies are able to build a similar car.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了荷兰的一组学生设计并制造了第一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野汽车。
1．What’s the purpose of mentioning the data in paragraph 3
A．To highlight the development of cars.
B．To explain the car’s complex structure.
C．To demonstrate the car’s good performance.
D．To clarify problems with other solar panels.
答案　C
解析　写作目的题。根据文章第三段中“The car generated energy using the absorbed solar power from the solar panels(太阳能电池板)on top，which are 97% efficient...Weighing just 2,600 pounds，the car has a top speed of 90 miles per hour and can run for 390 miles on a sunny day.”可知，在文章中提到这些数据是为了展示汽车的良好性能，故选C。
2．Why was Morocco chosen to do the major car testing
A．It’s a thinly populated place.
B．It enjoys a pleasant climate.
C．It has convenient transportation.
D．Its landforms meet test requirements.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“The landscape of the Netherlands limits the testing options available to the team，so they took the car on its biggest test drive across Morocco，where the car had to weather through forests and dry riverbeds，across loose desert sand and up challenging mountain paths.”可知，他们选择在摩洛哥进行汽车测试是因为摩洛哥的地貌符合实验要求，故选D。
3．How did Wisse Bos sound about their car
A．Excited. B．Shocked.
C．Disturbed. D．Awkward.
答案　A
解析　观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中“‘It was an incredible trip with a positive ending.We’ re pushing the boundaries of technology，’ says Wisse Bos，the team manager.”可知，Wisse Bos对他们的汽车感到兴奋，故选A。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．An Adventurous Trip
B．The Future of Electric Cars
C．Stella Terra: the First Eco-friendly Vehicle
D．Students Create a Lasting Solar-powered Car
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。结合文章第一段并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了荷兰的一组学生设计并制造了第一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野汽车。由此可知，D项“学生们创造了一辆持久的太阳能汽车”适合作本文标题。故选D。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·福建福州高二上期末)
In the past few months，Sam Altman，the father of ChatGPT，has become the hottest face in the world of AI.Many industry leaders and AI researchers see ChatGPT as a fundamental technological shift，as significant as the creation of the web browser.But few can agree on the future of this technology.
Some believe it will deliver a utopia(乌托邦) where everyone has all the time and money ever needed.Others believe it could destroy humanity.Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is，insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem.
Mr Altman，a slim，boyish-looking,37-year-old businessman and investor from the suburbs of St.Louis，sits calmly in the middle of it all.As chief executive of OpenAI，he somehow embraces each of these seemingly distinct views，hoping to balance the numerous possibilities as he moves this strange，powerful，unperfect technology into the future.
He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another，that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause.It is an attitude that mirrors Mr Altman’s own path.
He is not necessarily motivated by money.Like many personal fortunes in Silicon Valley that are tied up in a wide variety of public and private companies，Mr Altman’s wealth is not well recorded.But he said the only money he stands to make from the company is a yearly salary—“whatever the minimum for health insurance is，” he said.
Georgeann Kepchar，who taught Advanced Placement computer science course，saw Mr Altman as one of her most talented computer science students—and one with a rare knack for pushing people in new directions.“He had creativity and vision，combined with the ambition and force of personality to convince others to work with him on putting his ideas into action，” she said.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ChatGPT之父萨姆·阿尔特曼以及他的相关理论技术。
5．Which of the following words can best describe people’s attitude toward ChatGPT
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Similar. D．Contradictory.
答案　D
解析　观点态度题。根据第二段“Some believe it will deliver a utopia(乌托邦) where everyone has all the time and money ever needed.Others believe it could destroy humanity.Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is，insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem.”可知，人们对于ChatGPT的态度是矛盾的。故选D。
6．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Altman is very thin and well-looking.
B．Altman can accept different views quietly.
C．AI will be a destructive technology.
D．AI probably has few possibilities.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段“Mr Altman...sits calmly in the middle of it all.As the chief executive of OpenAI，he somehow embraces each of these seemingly distinct views...”可知，阿尔特曼可以平静地接受不同的观点。故选B。
7．How does Mr Altman like AI technology
A．AI will be fantastic.
B．AI will be harmful.
C．AI will be visualizable.
D．AI will bring him fame.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another，that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause.”可知，阿尔特曼先生觉得人工智能技术会很棒。故选A。
8．What does the underlined word “knack” mean in the last paragraph
A．Vision. B．Skill.
C．Discovery. D．Thought.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Georgeann Kepchar，who taught Advanced Placement computer science course，saw Mr Altman as one of her most talented computer science students—and one with a rare knack for pushing people in new directions.”可知，乔治安·凯普查尔认为阿尔特曼是她最有才能的计算机科学学生之一。由此猜测，教授认为阿尔特曼有把人类推向新方向的能力，即knack意为“才能，能力”，与skill相近。故选B。
[词汇积累] 1．powerful adj.强大的；强有力的→power n．能力；力量；权力；影响力→powerless adj.无影响力的；无权的 2．seemingly adv.貌似；表面上；据说 3．mirror n．→v.反射；反映 4．stand to 坚持；准备行动 5．convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 6．put...into action把……付诸实践 [句式分析] 1．Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is，insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem. 分析：此句为复合句。句中两个that均引导宾语从句，在两个从句中又分别含有一个as...as引导的比较状语从句。 翻译：还有一些人花了很多时间争辩说，这项技术从来没有像大家说的那么强大，他们坚持认为，天堂和地狱都不像看起来那么近。 2．He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another，that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause. 分析：此句为复合句。该句中含有4个that，第1、2和4个引导宾语从句，第3个引导定语从句。 翻译：他相信人工智能会以这样或那样的方式出现，相信它会做出连自己都无法想象的奇妙事情，相信我们可以找到减少它可能造成的伤害的方法。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Watching a plane fly across the sky as a young boy，Todd Smith knew that flying was what he wanted to do when he was older.
After five years’ training，he finally 1 his dream job in his late twenties—working as an airline pilot.But in 2019，the travel firm he was 2 for was closed down.
By this time Mr Smith had become increasingly 3 about the growing threat of climate change，and the aviation(航空) industry’s carbon emissions(碳排放)．“I had an uncomfortable 4 ，” he says.“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups，but I knew it would ruin my 5 ，and I had a lot of 6 .It would be easier to return to the industry and pay them off.”
Yet after hesitating for several months，Mr Smith finally 7 to quit his flying career for good.“I prefer flying and 8 interesting destinations，and earning a decent 9 ，” says Mr Smith.“But when we are 10 the climate and ecological emergency，how could I possibly 11 my needs We need to think about how to 12 the biggest threat to humanity.”
Giving up his dream job was a 13 decision，he says.“Financially I’ve been really 14 .It’s been challenging，but taking action has 15 my anxiety.” Mr Smith is now a climate activist.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了托德·史密斯如何放弃自己的飞行生涯成为一名气候活动家。
1．A.quit B．changed
C．completed D．landed
答案　D
解析　根据上文“After five years’ training”和下文“his dream job”可知，他终于在快30岁的时候找到了自己梦寐以求的工作。故选D。
2．A.waiting B．preparing
C．working D．looking
答案　C
解析　根据上文“working as an airline pilot”可知，他任职的旅游公司倒闭了。故选C。
3．A.concerned B．curious
C．serious D．doubtful
答案　A
解析　根据下文“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups”可知，史密斯先生已经越来越关注日益增长的气候变化的威胁。故选A。
4．A.tension B．conflict
C．solution D．passion
答案　B
解析　根据下文“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups，but I knew it would ruin my ”可知，史密斯先生有一种不安的矛盾。故选B。
5．A.fame B．life
C．ambition D．career
答案　D
解析　根据下文“the industry”和“quit his flying career for good”可知，加入环保抗议团体意味着毁了自己的事业。故选D。
6．A.needs B．debts
C．pressures D．troubles
答案　B
解析　根据下文“pay them off”可知，史密斯先生有很多债务。故选B。
7．A.refused B．promised
C．expected D．decided
答案　D
解析　根据下文“quit his flying career for good”可知，史密斯先生最终决定永远放弃他的飞行生涯。下文“Giving up his dream job was a decision”也是提示。故选D。
8．A.discovering B．comparing
C．recording D．visiting
答案　D
解析　根据下文“interesting destinations”可知，史密斯先生更喜欢去有趣的地方旅游参观。故选D。
9．A.salary B．honor
C．award D．title
答案　A
解析　根据上文“working as an airline pilot”可知，作为一名飞行员，史密斯先生更喜欢坐飞机去有趣的地方旅游，挣一份体面的薪水。故选A。
10．A.accustomed to B．faced with
C．addicted to D．trapped in
答案　B
解析　根据下文“the climate and ecological emergency”可知，此处指面对气候和生态紧急情况。故选B。
11．A.remove B．raise
C．meet D．stress
答案　C
解析　根据下文“my needs”可知，此处指满足史密斯先生自己的需求。故选C。
12．A.issue B．view
C．make D．handle
答案　D
解析　根据上文可知，史密斯先生放弃了自己的飞行员事业，目的是为环境保护做出贡献，再根据下文“biggest threat to humanity”可知，史密斯先生认为我们需要考虑如何应对人类面临的最大威胁。故选D。
13．A.tough B．wise
C．reasonable D．positive
答案　A
解析　根据常理可知，放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定。故选A。
14．A.saving B．struggling
C．investing D．contributing
答案　B
解析　根据上文史密斯先生有债务可知，他在经济上一直很艰难。故选B。
15．A.covered B．balanced
C．eased D．increased
答案　C
解析　根据“taking action”可知，采取行动减轻了史密斯先生的焦虑。故选C。

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