资源简介

(共61张PPT)
Period 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Out of this world
Unit 2
内容索引
Step 1　速读——整体感知
Step 2　细读——精研语篇
Step 3　剖析——长句难句
作业1
Step 4　达标检测
速读——整体感知
What’s the main idea of the text
A.How to become an astronaut.
B.An astronaut’s daily life in space.
C.The importance of space exploration.
D.An astronaut’s daily life on the Earth.
√
Ⅰ.明文章大意
返 回
gravity
tasks
check
plastic
two
sunrise
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
细读——精研语篇
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why do astronauts sleep in private quarters or in sleeping bags
A.To sleep well.
B.Not to float around.
C.To start their day of work.
D.Not to bother each other any more.
√
2.Which words can best describe the tasks outside the space station
A.Exciting and interesting.
B.Demanding and enjoyable.
C.Challenging and dangerous.
D.Worthwhile and adventurous.
√
3.Why is eating in space different from that on the Earth
A.Because there are no balanced nutrients.
B.Because all food is only in liquid form.
C.Because there is not enough fresh food.
D.Because food often blocks the air pipes.
√
4.What’s the lecturer’s attitude to the life in space
A.Optimistic. B.Pessimistic.
C.Critical. D.Neutral.
√
返 回
剖析——长句难句
1.I bet you’d love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth—the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange！(P16，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句为 句。you’d love to know...是省略that的宾语从句；what和how均引导 从句，均作know的 语，由and连接；that是代词，指代 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
我敢肯定你很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样子的，以及它与地球上的生活有什么不同——低重力肯定会让普通事情变得不同寻常！
daily life
复合
宾语
宾
2.We usually sleep in private quarters，which are more like large cupboards，or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling.(P16，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。which 引导 从句，修饰_______
__________；过去分词短语attached to the walls or the ceiling在句中作__________，修饰 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
非限制性定语
private
quarters
后置定语
sleeping bags
我们通常睡在独立的睡眠区，那里更像是大的橱柜，或者睡在固定在墙上或者天花板上的睡袋里。
3.With so much going on，the space station needs a lot of maintenance，so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.(P16，Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。so连接两个分句，表 关系。with复合结构在句中作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列
因果
原因状语
空间站里发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间站的支持系统，并做一些清洁工作。
4.First，we put on our spacesuits，which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.(P17，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。which引导 从句，修饰___________。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
非限制性定语
spacesuits
首先，我们穿上太空服，它们可以让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。
5.During our leisure time，there’s nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by，taking pictures for our family and friends back home.(P17，Para.7)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。there’s nothing...more than...意为“没有比……更……”，否定词＋比较级＝ ；nothing后的we like more than to sit back...为省略了关系代词的 从句，关系代词在从句中作______；taking pictures for our family and friends back home在句中作__________。
复合
最高级
定语
宾语
伴随状语
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
在闲暇时间，我们最喜欢做的事就是和其他工作人员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们非凡的地球经过，拍下照片给地球上的家人和朋友看。
返 回
达标检测
My six-month stay on a space station is a challenging but magical adventure.The daily life there for us astronauts differs from 1. on the Earth.Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach 2._________(we) so that we don’t float around.
The routine tasks occupying most of the day are demanding but 3.__________(extreme) rewarding.For a spacewalk，we have to put on our spacesuits,4. can protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation. Meanwhile，eating is also different in space.
课文语法填空
that
ourselves
extremely
which
It’s a luxury 5. (eat) fresh food and we must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic.At the same time，spending some time in the gym is of vital 6. (important) to our health.We have to be tied onto specially 7. (design) exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around.What we like most 8.____(be) to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch the planet go by, 9. (take) pictures for our family and friends back home.10. our delight，we get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes.In conclusion，all the challenges of life in space seem worth it.
返 回
to eat
importance
designed
is
taking
To
作业1
1.Her new movie has had a lot of exposure in the media.
2.In my view，you don’t realize the gravity of the situation.
3.The government should set a ceiling on the price of daily necessities.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
_______
_________
_______
n.报道
n.严重性
n.上限
1.Don’t to help him and he will be able to manage the mission.
2.We were promised safe passage through the (被占领的) territory.
3. In the circumstances，I’ll take the book home and read it at (闲暇).
4.He himself to exercise at least three times a week for the mission.
5.With summer coming，there are many big (蚊子) flying around the depths of the valley.
Ⅱ.单词拼写
bother
occupied
leisure
disciplines
mosquito(e)s
A
Science fiction lovers in China have reasons to feel inspired by Chinese writer Hai Ya，whose book The Space-Time Painter won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette on Oct.21,2023.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国作家海漄的作品《时空画师》获得雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖以及他的创作灵感来源和工作态度。文章还提到另一位获得雨果奖的兼职作家刘慈欣，并鼓励年轻人在工作的同时追求写作梦想。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Hai created the story inspired by a painting masterpiece Qianli Jiangshan Tu by Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty，who painted the work at the age of 18.Hai created a painter named Zhao Ximeng，who painted for the emperor more than 1,000 years ago.After much misery and suffering，Zhao abandoned his physical body and entered a space where a modern policeman that was investigating a case concerning an ancient painting got into his memory.Pitying on Wang who was so talented but had such a short life，Hai extended his life through sci-fi.
Hai has impressed the world most with his work ethics.Rather than being a full-time novelist，Hai treats writing as a part-time activity to be taken up whenever he is not doing his bread-winning job，something that should inspire more young writers.There was a time when not everyone could be a “writer” but now more and more people are pursuing their dreams to become writers.
In fact，Liu Cixin，who won the Hugo Award for The Three-Body Problem in 2015，is also a part-time writer，holding an engineering job. He encourages young people to keep their jobs and write if they have dreams.
Their stories go to show that holding a job should not discourage people from pursuing their dreams of writing.If there is a story and the will to write it，one can get up early or sleep late to devote around three hours to writing intensively every day.And having a job will actually equip one with enough material to write about，while the salary can guarantee a life，because not every writer makes enough money from writing.The key lies in balancing the eight hours in office every day with three hours of writing in the early morning or late at night.
1.What can we know about The Space-Time Painter
A.It was the first Chinese book to win a Hugo Award.
B.It combines elements of Chinese culture with sci-fi.
C.It explores the struggles among ordinary individuals.
D.It was inspired by the marvelous life of Wang Ximeng.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hai created a painter named Zhao Ximeng...into his memory.”可知，海漄创造了一个名叫赵希孟的画家，他在1 000 多年前为皇帝作画。在经历了许多苦难之后，赵希孟放弃了自己的躯体，进入一个空间，在那里，一名正在调查一起古代绘画案件的现代警察进入他的记忆。由此可知，《时空画师》将中国文化元素与科幻小说相结合。故选B。
解析
2.Why is Liu Cixin mentioned by the author
A.To highlight his popularity.
B.To promote the novel The Three-Body Problem.
C.To emphasize the importance of maintaining a job.
D.To encourage young people to write without quitting their jobs.
推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，2015 年因《三体》获得雨果奖的刘慈欣也是一名兼职作家，他拥有一份工程师的工作。他鼓励年轻人，如果有梦想，就一边工作一边写作。由此可知，作者提到刘慈欣是为了鼓励年轻人在不辞职的情况下继续写作。故选D。
解析
√
3.What does Hai’s writing experience tell us
A.No dream is ever too big.
B.Unintentional actions bring about unexpected surprises.
C.Success doesn’t abandon people with painstaking pursuit.
D.Genius is ninety-nine percent perspiration plus one percent inspiration.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Rather than being...inspire more young writers.”和最后一段中“holding a job should not discourage people from pursuing their dreams of writing.If there is a story and the will to write it，one can get up early or sleep late to devote around three hours to writing intensively every day”可推知，海漄是一名兼职作家，他利用工作之余辛勤写作。这告诉我们，成功不会抛弃那些努力追求的人。故选C。
解析
4.Where is the text probably taken from
A.A book review. B.A science paper.
C.An advertisement. D.A news report.
文章出处题。结合全文，尤其首段“Science fiction lovers...on Oct.21, 2023.”可知，第一段简明扼要地讲述了中国作家海漄的《时空画师》获得雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖，符合新闻报道的特点。故选D。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
The thing about space is that it’s huge—terrifyingly①，impossibly vast.It took three days for the Apollo to get to the moon.It takes between five months and a year to get to Mars and approximately② five years to get to Jupiter(木星).The nearest star outside the Solar System is Proxima Centauri(比邻星)，which would take the Voyager spacecraft 80,000 years or so to get to.
语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是虽然太空探索很困难，但是我们仍要继续下去。
We aren’t built for space travel.We don’t live long and need things like gravity，air，and food that space lacks.In other words，space exploration is an incredibly dangerous venture.
When I was young，space travel was super exciting.The first mission I remember is Viking Ⅱ，which went to Mars.I really thought it would find some kind of life there.I felt sure we weren’t alone in space.Soon，I thought，we’d hear from other planets.I imagined that one day，not too far off，these beings would come here，and we’d start to meet our neighbors from beyond our planet.
When they first talked about the Space Shuttle，I felt sure that exploring space and meeting aliens③ was near.I thought we’d have adventures in space in my time.
The space adventures I wanted haven’t happened.We sent probes④ like Voyager，but no astronauts.Our dreams of space haven’t become real.But we need to continue exploring.Exploration，knowledge，wonder，imagination—these are the best of what it means to be human.Let’s boldly⑤ go already.The next giant leap doesn’t have to be Mars.It would be incredible to find microbial(微生物的) life somewhere in outer space.
On January 28,1986，I sat in the cafeteria of my high school and watched the Space Shuttle Challenger take off.The teachers at my school had set up TVs so that we could get inspired.Instead，we all watched in horror as the space shuttle blew up.Seven astronauts died.Not one of us thought that we should cancel the Space Shuttle program or cut NASA’s budget.If anything，we wanted more.We still do.
5.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A.The location of Earth in the universe.
B.The main features of space.
C.The limitations of the human body.
D.The difficulties of space travel.
段落大意题。根据第一段的“It took three days...which would take the Voyager spacecraft 80,000 years or so to get to.”和第二段的“In other words，space exploration is an incredibly dangerous venture.”可知，前两段主要是关于太空旅行的困难，故选D。
解析
√
6.Why do we need to continue the cause of space exploration
A.It involves the best things that make us human.
B.Life existing beyond Earth can satisfy our needs.
C.Living on other worlds will bring benefits.
D.We will have great fun having adventures in space.
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“But we need to continue exploring. Exploration，knowledge，wonder，imagination—these are the best of what it means to be human.”可知，我们要继续太空探索事业，是因为它包含了使我们成为人类的最好的东西。故选A。
解析
√
7.What does the author intend to convey through the last paragraph
A.Mankind’s journey to space is dangerous but rewarding.
B.We need to stimulate more students to explore the unknown.
C.No difficulties would prevent us from exploring the universe.
D.More efforts should be made to guarantee the safety of astronauts.
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Not one of us thought that we should cancel the Space Shuttle program or cut NASA’s budget.If anything，we wanted more.We still do.”可推知，作者想通过最后一段传达的信息是任何困难都不能阻止我们探索宇宙。故选C。
解析
√
8.What is the main theme of this passage
A.The failed expectations of space exploration.
B.The need to continue space exploration.
C.The challenges of space travel.
D.The author’s childhood memories of space travel.
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其根据倒数第二段的“But we need to continue exploring.”和最后一段的“If anything，we wanted more.We still do.”可知，本文主要讲的是虽然太空探索很困难，但是我们仍然要继续下去，因此主题是继续进行太空探索的必要性。故选B。
解析
√
①terrifyingly adv. _______
②approximately adv. _____________
③alien n. _______
④probe n. _______
⑤boldly adv. _______________
语境猜词
恐怖地
大约；近似地
外星人
探测器
大胆地；勇敢地
When they first talked about the Space Shuttle，I felt sure that exploring space and meeting aliens was near.
分析：此句为复合句。when引导 从句；that引导 从句，从句中exploring space and meeting aliens为动名词短语作 。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
句式分析
时间状语
宾语
主语
当他们最初谈论航天飞机的时候，我笃定探索太空以及与外星人相遇已近在眼前。
Does alien life exist It’s a question many people have tried to answer.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的方法——使用人工智能(AI)来寻找外星生命。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.People’s answers are various.
B.Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin.
C.The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate.
D.The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life forms.
E.Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples.
F.Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI.
G.The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil.
1 AI is a type of program that allows a computer to learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence.AI works by taking in lots of data，then making predictions based on it.
√
前文提及外星生命，后文讲述人工智能，所以空处应提及人工智能和外星生命，所以F项“现在，科学家们发现了一种利用人工智能寻找外星生命的新方法”符合文意。故选F项。
解析
The research team used their AI method to analyze different materials and determine whether they were biotic(生物性的) or abiotic(非生物性的). 2
A.People’s answers are various.
B.Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin.
C.The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate.
D.The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life forms.
E.Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples.
F.Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI.
G.The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil.
√
根据上文“研究小组利用人工智能方法分析了不同的材料，并确定了它们是生物还是非生物”可知，本段主要讲述人工智能在分析材料的运用，所以G项“人工智能还可以判断生物样本目前是活的还是化石”承接上文，符合本段主题。故选G项。
解析
To train the AI program，the researchers gave it data on 134 biotic and abiotic materials.The program then used that knowledge to predict whether things like human hair，bones，teeth，leaves，coal，and chemicals were alive or not. 3
A.People’s answers are various.
B.Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin.
C.The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate.
D.The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life forms.
E.Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples.
F.Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI.
G.The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil.
√
设空位于段尾，是对上文的总结，根据上文可知，本段讲述研究人员如何训练人工智能程序，让它们具备对生物样本的预测能力，所以C项“研究人员表示，人工智能的准确率为90%”说明训练的结果，符合本段主题。故选C项。
解析
4 “We may be able to find a life form from another planet，” said Robert Hazen of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington，DC.“If we do find signs of life elsewhere，we can tell if life on Earth and other planets derived from a common or different origin.”
A.People’s answers are various.
B.Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin.
C.The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate.
D.The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life forms.
E.Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples.
F.Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI.
G.The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil.
√
设空位于段首，为本段的中心句，根据下文可知，本段讲述人工智能帮助探测生物，所以D项“科学家们还认为，这种人工智能工具可以探测到外星生物”介绍科学家的观点，引出下文。故选D项。
解析
For now，though，the team is focused on ancient rock samples from Earth to learn more about life on our own planet and where it originated.For example，the tool could be used to settle a disagreement among scientists about 3.5-billion-year-old rocks from Western Australia. 5 However，others think the rocks just have unusual patterns.
A.People’s answers are various.
B.Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin.
C.The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate.
D.The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life forms.
E.Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples.
F.Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI.
G.The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil.
√
根据下文“然而，其他人认为这些岩石只是有不寻常的图案”可知，E项“一些专家认为这些岩石含有地球上最古老的化石样本”符合语境，也是讲述有关岩石的研究，与下文内容构成转折，选项中Some experts believe与下文others think相呼应。故选E项。
解析
The AI could also be used to examine samples from Mars collected by the Perseverance rover.NASA put this wheeled robot on the red planet to search for evidence that Mars has the right conditions to support life.Perseverance is gathering rock samples that will be brought to Earth in 2033.
Adversity can beat you down，but probably it also has the ability to make you stronger.The impact and ultimate result depend on 1._______ you do with the difficulties that come in your way.
语篇解读　逆境可以打败你，也能使你更强大，最终的结果取决于你在面对困难时如何对待它。
Ⅴ.语法填空
what
考查宾语从句。do with“处理，应对”与what搭配构成“what...do with”结构，表示“如何应对/处理”。故填what。
解析
Beethoven composed one of his 2. (great) works after going deaf.Qu Yuan was exiled，and then he wrote Li Sao.Had Columbus turned back，no one could 3. (blame) him.Of course，no one would have remembered 4. ，either.Gou Jian beat Fu Chai after many years of imprisonment.
greatest
have blamed
him
2.考查形容词的最高级。“one of＋one’s＋形容词的最高级＋名词的复数形式”表示“最……之一”。故填greatest。
3.考查虚拟语气。Had Columbus turned back是If Columbus had turned back的省略倒装结构，表示与过去事实相反的假设，其主句的谓语动词应用could/would have done。故填have blamed。
4.考查代词。此处指代前文的Columbus，在句中作宾语，故用宾格him。
解析
And here is a more recent example.For sixteen years，Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis had a difficult time 5. (study) the written words on account of a learning disorder.She 6.__________(put) in prison on two different occasions and almost died of a stroke when bearing a child.
studying
was put
5.考查非谓语动词。have a difficult time doing sth表示“做某事有困难”。故填studying。
6.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该段介绍Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis过去的经历，故应用一般过去时；句子主语She与谓语动词put之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；主语为第三人称单数，所以空格处填was put。
解析
She resolved 7. (go) to college，so she did a variety of odd jobs to save money.When graduating from high school at eighteen，she was considered as an outstanding student and finally entered college 8.____________(success).
to go
successfully
7.考查非谓语动词。resolve to do sth“下决心做某事”。故填to go。
8.考查词性转换。修饰动词entered应用副词形式。故填successfully。
解析
Determined to become a doctor，she received many 9. (rejection) of the medical schools before Albany Medical College finally accepted her.In 1984，Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis,10. was thirty-five years old then，graduated with honors and realized her dream.
rejections
who
9.考查名词复数。rejection是可数名词，空格前有many修饰，应用复数形式。故填rejections。
10.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，空处修饰先行词Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Step 1　速读——整体感知
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What’s the main idea of the text
A．How to become an astronaut.
B．An astronaut’s daily life in space.
C．The importance of space exploration.
D．An astronaut’s daily life on the Earth.
答案　B
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——精研语篇
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Why do astronauts sleep in private quarters or in sleeping bags
A．To sleep well.
B．Not to float around.
C．To start their day of work.
D．Not to bother each other any more.
答案　B
2．Which words can best describe the tasks outside the space station
A．Exciting and interesting.
B．Demanding and enjoyable.
C．Challenging and dangerous.
D．Worthwhile and adventurous.
答案　C
3．Why is eating in space different from that on the Earth
A．Because there are no balanced nutrients.
B．Because all food is only in liquid form.
C．Because there is not enough fresh food.
D．Because food often blocks the air pipes.
答案　C
4．What’s the lecturer’s attitude to the life in space
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Critical. D．Neutral.
答案　A
Step 3　剖析——长句难句
1．I bet you’d love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth—the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange！(P16，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句为复合句。you’d love to know...是省略that的宾语从句；what和how均引导宾语从句，均作know的宾语，由and连接；that是代词，指代daily life。
[汉语翻译] 我敢肯定你很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样子的，以及它与地球上的生活有什么不同——低重力肯定会让普通事情变得不同寻常！
2．We usually sleep in private quarters，which are more like large cupboards，or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling.(P16，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰private quarters；过去分词短语attached to the walls or the ceiling在句中作后置定语，修饰sleeping bags。
[汉语翻译] 我们通常睡在独立的睡眠区，那里更像是大的橱柜，或者睡在固定在墙上或者天花板上的睡袋里。
3．With so much going on，the space station needs a lot of maintenance，so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.(P16，Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是并列句。so连接两个分句，表因果关系。with复合结构在句中作原因状语。
[汉语翻译] 空间站里发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间站的支持系统，并做一些清洁工作。
4．First，we put on our spacesuits，which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.(P17，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰spacesuits。
[汉语翻译] 首先，我们穿上太空服，它们可以让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。
5．During our leisure time，there’s nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by，taking pictures for our family and friends back home.(P17，Para.7)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。there’s nothing...more than...意为“没有比……更……”，否定词＋比较级＝最高级；nothing后的we like more than to sit back...为省略了关系代词的定语从句，关系代词在从句中作宾语；taking pictures for our family and friends back home在句中作伴随状语。
[汉语翻译] 在闲暇时间，我们最喜欢做的事就是和其他工作人员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们非凡的地球经过，拍下照片给地球上的家人和朋友看。
My six-month stay on a space station is a challenging but magical adventure.The daily life there for us astronauts differs from 1.that on the Earth.Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach 2.ourselves(we) so that we don’t float around.
The routine tasks occupying most of the day are demanding but 3.extremely(extreme) rewarding.For a spacewalk，we have to put on our spacesuits,4.which can protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.Meanwhile，eating is also different in space.It’s a luxury 5.to eat(eat) fresh food and we must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic.At the same time，spending some time in the gym is of vital 6.importance(important) to our health.We have to be tied onto specially 7.designed(design) exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around.What we like most 8.is(be) to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch the planet go by,9.taking(take) pictures for our family and friends back home.10.To our delight，we get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes.In conclusion，all the challenges of life in space seem worth it.
作业1　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
[分值：55.5分]
Ⅰ.品句猜词(共3小题；每小题1分，满分3分)
1．Her new movie has had a lot of exposure in the media. n.报道
2．In my view，you don’t realize the gravity of the situation. n.严重性
3．The government should set a ceiling on the price of daily necessities. n.上限
Ⅱ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．Don’t bother to help him and he will be able to manage the mission.
2．We were promised safe passage through the occupied(被占领的) territory.
3. In the circumstances，I’ll take the book home and read it at leisure(闲暇)．
4．He disciplines himself to exercise at least three times a week for the mission.
5．With summer coming，there are many big mosquito(e)s(蚊子) flying around the depths of the valley.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Science fiction lovers in China have reasons to feel inspired by Chinese writer Hai Ya，whose book The Space-Time Painter won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette on Oct.21,2023.
Hai created the story inspired by a painting masterpiece Qianli Jiangshan Tu by Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty，who painted the work at the age of 18.Hai created a painter named Zhao Ximeng，who painted for the emperor more than 1,000 years ago.After much misery and suffering，Zhao abandoned his physical body and entered a space where a modern policeman that was investigating a case concerning an ancient painting got into his memory.Pitying on Wang who was so talented but had such a short life，Hai extended his life through sci-fi.
Hai has impressed the world most with his work ethics.Rather than being a full-time novelist，Hai treats writing as a part-time activity to be taken up whenever he is not doing his bread-winning job，something that should inspire more young writers.There was a time when not everyone could be a “writer” but now more and more people are pursuing their dreams to become writers.
In fact，Liu Cixin，who won the Hugo Award for The Three-Body Problem in 2015，is also a part-time writer，holding an engineering job.He encourages young people to keep their jobs and write if they have dreams.
Their stories go to show that holding a job should not discourage people from pursuing their dreams of writing.If there is a story and the will to write it，one can get up early or sleep late to devote around three hours to writing intensively every day.And having a job will actually equip one with enough material to write about，while the salary can guarantee a life，because not every writer makes enough money from writing.The key lies in balancing the eight hours in office every day with three hours of writing in the early morning or late at night.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国作家海漄的作品《时空画师》获得雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖以及他的创作灵感来源和工作态度。文章还提到另一位获得雨果奖的兼职作家刘慈欣，并鼓励年轻人在工作的同时追求写作梦想。
1．What can we know about The Space-Time Painter
A．It was the first Chinese book to win a Hugo Award.
B．It combines elements of Chinese culture with sci-fi.
C．It explores the struggles among ordinary individuals.
D．It was inspired by the marvelous life of Wang Ximeng.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hai created a painter named Zhao Ximeng...into his memory.”可知，海漄创造了一个名叫赵希孟的画家，他在1 000 多年前为皇帝作画。在经历了许多苦难之后，赵希孟放弃了自己的躯体，进入一个空间，在那里，一名正在调查一起古代绘画案件的现代警察进入他的记忆。由此可知，《时空画师》将中国文化元素与科幻小说相结合。故选B。
2．Why is Liu Cixin mentioned by the author
A．To highlight his popularity.
B．To promote the novel The Three-Body Problem.
C．To emphasize the importance of maintaining a job.
D．To encourage young people to write without quitting their jobs.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，2015 年因《三体》获得雨果奖的刘慈欣也是一名兼职作家，他拥有一份工程师的工作。他鼓励年轻人，如果有梦想，就一边工作一边写作。由此可知，作者提到刘慈欣是为了鼓励年轻人在不辞职的情况下继续写作。故选D。
3．What does Hai’s writing experience tell us
A．No dream is ever too big.
B．Unintentional actions bring about unexpected surprises.
C．Success doesn’t abandon people with painstaking pursuit.
D．Genius is ninety-nine percent perspiration plus one percent inspiration.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Rather than being...inspire more young writers.”和最后一段中“holding a job should not discourage people from pursuing their dreams of writing.If there is a story and the will to write it，one can get up early or sleep late to devote around three hours to writing intensively every day”可推知，海漄是一名兼职作家，他利用工作之余辛勤写作。这告诉我们，成功不会抛弃那些努力追求的人。故选C。
4．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A book review. B．A science paper.
C．An advertisement. D．A news report.
答案　D
解析　文章出处题。结合全文，尤其首段“Science fiction lovers...on Oct.21,2023.”可知，第一段简明扼要地讲述了中国作家海漄的《时空画师》获得雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖，符合新闻报道的特点。故选D。
B(此篇精读)
The thing about space is that it’s huge—terrifyingly①，impossibly vast.It took three days for the Apollo to get to the moon.It takes between five months and a year to get to Mars and approximately② five years to get to Jupiter(木星)．The nearest star outside the Solar System is Proxima Centauri(比邻星)，which would take the Voyager spacecraft 80,000 years or so to get to.
We aren’t built for space travel.We don’t live long and need things like gravity，air，and food that space lacks.In other words，space exploration is an incredibly dangerous venture.
When I was young，space travel was super exciting.The first mission I remember is Viking Ⅱ，which went to Mars.I really thought it would find some kind of life there.I felt sure we weren’t alone in space.Soon，I thought，we’d hear from other planets.I imagined that one day，not too far off，these beings would come here，and we’d start to meet our neighbors from beyond our planet.
When they first talked about the Space Shuttle，I felt sure that exploring space and meeting aliens③ was near.I thought we’d have adventures in space in my time.
The space adventures I wanted haven’t happened.We sent probes④ like Voyager，but no astronauts.Our dreams of space haven’t become real.But we need to continue exploring.Exploration，knowledge，wonder，imagination—these are the best of what it means to be human.Let’s boldly⑤ go already.The next giant leap doesn’t have to be Mars.It would be incredible to find microbial(微生物的) life somewhere in outer space.
On January 28,1986，I sat in the cafeteria of my high school and watched the Space Shuttle Challenger take off.The teachers at my school had set up TVs so that we could get inspired.Instead，we all watched in horror as the space shuttle blew up.Seven astronauts died.Not one of us thought that we should cancel the Space Shuttle program or cut NASA’s budget.If anything，we wanted more.We still do.
语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是虽然太空探索很困难，但是我们仍要继续下去。
5．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A．The location of Earth in the universe.
B．The main features of space.
C．The limitations of the human body.
D．The difficulties of space travel.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。根据第一段的“It took three days...which would take the Voyager spacecraft 80,000 years or so to get to.”和第二段的“In other words，space exploration is an incredibly dangerous venture.”可知，前两段主要是关于太空旅行的困难，故选D。
6．Why do we need to continue the cause of space exploration
A．It involves the best things that make us human.
B．Life existing beyond Earth can satisfy our needs.
C．Living on other worlds will bring benefits.
D．We will have great fun having adventures in space.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“But we need to continue exploring.Exploration，knowledge，wonder，imagination—these are the best of what it means to be human.”可知，我们要继续太空探索事业，是因为它包含了使我们成为人类的最好的东西。故选A。
7．What does the author intend to convey through the last paragraph
A．Mankind’s journey to space is dangerous but rewarding.
B．We need to stimulate more students to explore the unknown.
C．No difficulties would prevent us from exploring the universe.
D．More efforts should be made to guarantee the safety of astronauts.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Not one of us thought that we should cancel the Space Shuttle program or cut NASA’s budget.If anything，we wanted more.We still do.”可推知，作者想通过最后一段传达的信息是任何困难都不能阻止我们探索宇宙。故选C。
8．What is the main theme of this passage
A．The failed expectations of space exploration.
B．The need to continue space exploration.
C．The challenges of space travel.
D．The author’s childhood memories of space travel.
答案　B
解析　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其根据倒数第二段的“But we need to continue exploring.”和最后一段的“If anything，we wanted more.We still do.”可知，本文主要讲的是虽然太空探索很困难，但是我们仍然要继续下去，因此主题是继续进行太空探索的必要性。故选B。
[语境猜词]
①terrifyingly adv.恐怖地
②approximately adv.大约；近似地
③alien n．外星人
④probe n．探测器
⑤boldly adv.大胆地；勇敢地
[句式分析]
When they first talked about the Space Shuttle，I felt sure that exploring space and meeting aliens was near.
分析：此句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句，从句中exploring space and meeting aliens为动名词短语作主语。
翻译：当他们最初谈论航天飞机的时候，我笃定探索太空以及与外星人相遇已近在眼前。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Does alien life exist It’s a question many people have tried to answer. 1 AI is a type of program that allows a computer to learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence.AI works by taking in lots of data，then making predictions based on it.
The research team used their AI method to analyze different materials and determine whether they were biotic(生物性的) or abiotic(非生物性的)． 2
To train the AI program，the researchers gave it data on 134 biotic and abiotic materials.The program then used that knowledge to predict whether things like human hair，bones，teeth，leaves，coal，and chemicals were alive or not. 3
4 “We may be able to find a life form from another planet，” said Robert Hazen of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington，DC.“If we do find signs of life elsewhere，we can tell if life on Earth and other planets derived from a common or different origin.” For now，though，the team is focused on ancient rock samples from Earth to learn more about life on our own planet and where it originated.For example，the tool could be used to settle a disagreement among scientists about 3.5-billion-year-old rocks from Western Australia. 5 However，others think the rocks just have unusual patterns.
The AI could also be used to examine samples from Mars collected by the Perseverance rover.NASA put this wheeled robot on the red planet to search for evidence that Mars has the right conditions to support life.Perseverance is gathering rock samples that will be brought to Earth in 2033.
A．People’s answers are various.
B．Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin.
C．The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate.
D．The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life forms.
E．Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples.
F．Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI.
G．The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的方法——使用人工智能 AI 来寻找外星生命。
1．答案　F
解析　前文提及外星生命，后文讲述人工智能，所以空处应提及人工智能和外星生命，所以F项“现在，科学家们发现了一种利用人工智能寻找外星生命的新方法”符合文意。故选F项。
2．答案　G
解析　根据上文“研究小组利用人工智能方法分析了不同的材料，并确定了它们是生物还是非生物”可知，本段主要讲述人工智能在分析材料的运用，所以G项“人工智能还可以判断生物样本目前是活的还是化石”承接上文，符合本段主题。故选G项。
3．答案　C
解析　设空位于段尾，是对上文的总结，根据上文可知，本段讲述研究人员如何训练人工智能程序，让它们具备对生物样本的预测能力，所以C项“研究人员表示，人工智能的准确率为90%”说明训练的结果，符合本段主题。故选C项。
4．答案　D
解析　设空位于段首，为本段的中心句，根据下文可知，本段讲述人工智能帮助探测生物，所以D项“科学家们还认为，这种人工智能工具可以探测到外星生物”介绍科学家的观点，引出下文。故选D项。
5．答案　E
解析　根据下文“然而，其他人认为这些岩石只是有不寻常的图案”可知，E项“一些专家认为这些岩石含有地球上最古老的化石样本”符合语境，也是讲述有关岩石的研究，与下文内容构成转折，选项中Some experts believe与下文others think相呼应。故选E项。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Adversity can beat you down，but probably it also has the ability to make you stronger.The impact and ultimate result depend on 1. you do with the difficulties that come in your way.
Beethoven composed one of his 2. (great) works after going deaf.Qu Yuan was exiled，and then he wrote Li Sao.Had Columbus turned back，no one could 3. (blame) him.Of course，no one would have remembered 4. ，either.Gou Jian beat Fu Chai after many years of imprisonment.
And here is a more recent example.For sixteen years，Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis had a difficult time 5. (study) the written words on account of a learning disorder.She 6.____________(put) in prison on two different occasions and almost died of a stroke when bearing a child.She resolved 7. (go) to college，so she did a variety of odd jobs to save money.When graduating from high school at eighteen，she was considered as an outstanding student and finally entered college 8. (success)．Determined to become a doctor，she received many 9. (rejection) of the medical schools before Albany Medical College finally accepted her.In 1984，Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis,10. was thirty-five years old then，graduated with honors and realized her dream.
语篇解读　逆境可以打败你，也能使你更强大，最终的结果取决于你在面对困难时如何对待它。
1．答案　what
解析　考查宾语从句。do with“处理，应对”与what搭配构成“what...do with”结构，表示“如何应对/处理”。故填what。
2．答案　greatest
解析　考查形容词的最高级。“one of＋one’s＋形容词的最高级＋名词的复数形式”表示“最……之一”。故填greatest。
3．答案　have blamed
解析　考查虚拟语气。Had Columbus turned back是If Columbus had turned back的省略倒装结构，表示与过去事实相反的假设，其主句的谓语动词应用could/would have done。故填have blamed。
4．答案　him
解析　考查代词。此处指代前文的Columbus，在句中作宾语，故用宾格him。
5．答案　studying
解析　考查非谓语动词。have a difficult time doing sth表示“做某事有困难”。故填studying。
6．答案　was put
解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该段介绍Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis过去的经历，故应用一般过去时；句子主语She与谓语动词put之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；主语为第三人称单数，所以空格处填was put。
7．答案　to go
解析　考查非谓语动词。resolve to do sth“下决心做某事”。故填to go。
8．答案　successfully
解析　考查词性转换。修饰动词entered应用副词形式。故填successfully。
9．答案　rejections
解析　考查名词复数。rejection是可数名词，空格前有many修饰，应用复数形式。故填rejections。
10．答案　who
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，空处修饰先行词Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导。

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