资源简介

(共82张PPT)
Period 5
Extended reading
Out of this world
Unit 2
内容索引
Part 1　课文深度理解
Part 2　语言知识梳理
Part 3　基础达标检测
作业4
课文深度理解
Task1: Fast reading for the structure and the main idea of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the structure of the text by filling in the blanks.
curiosity
understanding
real-life
economic
inspiration
Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us .
the reasons for exploring space
Task2: Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why is Neil Armstrong’s first landing on the Moon mentioned in the first paragraph
A.To lead to the topic of the passage.
B.To show the difficulties in space exploration.
C.To show the fast development of science and technology.
D.To inform readers of some facts about space exploration.
√
2.What can we infer from Stephen Hawking’s words in paragraph 2
A.To travel beyond space is puzzling humans.
B.Humans have been tired of space exploration.
C.Watching the stars is a free activity for humans.
D.Keeping curious is fundamental in space exploration.
√
3.What does the word “address” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Ask.
B.Deal with.
C.Write letters to.
D.Give a speech.
√
4.What is the author’s attitude towards the future of space exploration
A.Favourable. B.Intolerant.
C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.
√
Task3: Translate the following phrases into English.
1.登上月球
2.太阳系
3.花了一大笔钱
4.拓宽我们对……的理解
5.提高我们的生活质量
6.我们对未知的好奇心
7.渴望做某事
________________
____________
__________________________
____________________________
___________________________
_____________________________
_____________
land on the Moon
solar system
cost a huge amount of money
expand our understanding of...
enhance the quality of our life
our curiosity about the unknown
long to do sth
______________
________________
________________
______________________________________________
___________________
_____________________________
___________________________
8.希望/渴望做某事
9.弄清楚；明白
10.着迷于……
11.对宇宙的奥秘保持好奇
12.激励某人做某事
13.对……做出重大贡献
14.解决根本问题
desire to do sth
make sense of sth
be fascinated by...
remain curious about the mysteries of the universe
motivate sb to do sth
a make major contributions to...
address fundamental questions
_______________
______
_____________________________
__________
_____________________________
________________________________
_________________
________________________
15.应用于；施加于
16.建立；装配
17.高频率的地震
18.为了
19.一种清洁的可替代能源
20.科学技术进步
21.对……强烈的动机
22.带来巨大的经济价值
be applied to sth
set up
a high frequency of earthquakes
in order to
a clean alternative energy source
scientific and technological advances
a strong motive for
bring great economic value
_________________________
________________
_______________________________
______
______________
______________
______________
23.据计算
24.提供某物给某人
25.得到媒体的广泛报道
26.到目前为止
27.塑造某人的生活
28.某人对……的渴望
29.取得进展
It has been calculated that...
provide sth for sb
receive widespread media coverage
by far
shape one’s life
one’s thirst for
make advances
Task4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.That we are fascinated by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world，such as that of Chang’e.(P25，Para.2)
[结构分析] 本句为 句。句中That引导 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
主语
天空令我们心驰神往，这一点从世界各地的古老传说里都能明显看出来，例如嫦娥的传说。
2.With each space mission comes greater insight，thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.(P25，Para.2)
[结构分析] 本句为介词短语位于句首的 句，motivating us...为现在分词短语作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
完全倒装
结果状语
每次太空任务的进行，随之而来的是更深刻的理解，激励着我们沿着同一条冒险之路继续前行。
3.As we learn more about the universe，we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets.(P26，Para.3)
[结构分析] 本句为 句。As引导 从句；whether引导_______从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
时间状语
同位语
随着我们对宇宙的了解日益加深，或许有一天我们可以回答其他行星上有无生命这个问题。
4.With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.(P26，Para.4)
[结构分析] 本句为 句。facing mankind 为现在分词短语作 ，修饰 ；making our lives safer and easier作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
简单
后置定语
problems
结果状语
依靠为太空探索首次研发的技术，我们可以解决人类面临的一些重大问题，让我们的生活变得更加安全和舒适。
返 回
语言知识梳理
vt.包括，包含；组成，构成
[教材原句P21]Run by the China National Space Administration，China’s space agency，it comprises three stages: orbiting，landing and returning.
由中国的航天机构——中国国家航天局管理，它包括三个阶段：沿轨道运行、着陆和返回。
1
comprise
(1)Oxygen is the second largest component of the atmosphere，____________(comprise) 20.8% by volume.
be comprised of包括，包含；由……组成/构成
consist of＝be composed of＝be made up of包含……；由……组成/构成
comprising
(2)生活中不仅有阳光而且也有艰难的时光。面对困难时，我们应该勇敢。
Life ___________________________________________________
______________________________.We should be brave when faced with difficulties.
写作佳句
consists of/is comprised of/is composed of/is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times
[教材原句P25]Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist.
努力去理解你所看到的，并思考是什么让宇宙存在。
理解；弄懂
2
make sense of
make no sense没道理；没意义
make sense讲得通；有意义
in a sense从某种意义上来说
in no sense决不；绝非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)
common sense常识
There is no sense in (doing) sth. (做)某事是没道理的。
(1)你千万不要灰心；继续努力，你迟早会成功的。
; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
(2)从某种意义上来说，最打动我的是他为我流利的英语口语奠定了基础。
，what touched me most was that he laid the foundation for my fluent spoken English.
写作佳句
In no sense should you lose heart
In a sense
(3)了解文化背景可以让你更容易理解一门新语言中的习语。
Learning about cultural background makes it easier for you ______________________ in a new language.
to make sense of idioms
n.助理；助教；售货员 adj.助理的，副的 (assist v.帮助；协助；援助 assistance n.援助，帮助；辅助设备)
assistant
3
[教材原句P26]There are many support staff on the ground，such as engineers，mechanics and research assistants.现场有许多地面辅助人员，如工程师、机械师和研究助理。
[外研版]Thanks to AI，I’ve got my own supersmart personal assistant built into my phone.
多亏了人工智能，我才可以在手机中内置个人超级智能私人助手。
·assist sb with sth/in doing sth/to do sth 帮助某人(做)某事
·with the assistance of在……的帮助下
come/go to one’s assistance来/去帮助某人
(1) In view of his disability，his parents often come to his ____________ (assist).They often assist him (deliver) goods to customers. ______ the assistance of his parents，his online business goes well.
assistance
to deliver
With
(2)(应用文写作之感谢信)我想衷心地感谢你帮助我学习英语。没有你的帮助，我就不可能取得那么大的进步。
I’d like to sincerely appreciate your ________________________
_____________________________________________.________________________，I couldn’t have made such great progress.
assisting me with my English learning/to learn English/in learning English
写作佳句
your assistance
Without
[教材原句P27]We should find permanent shelter that offers long-term protection from radiation.
我们应该找到提供长期的辐射防护的永久的庇护所。
n.居所，住处；庇护 vt.保护，掩蔽 vi.躲避
shelter
4
·under the shelter of...在……的庇护下
take shelter from...躲避……
·shelter...from...保护……免遭……
shelter from躲避(风雨或危险)
(1)I was wrapped heavily and well sheltered the freezing and blowing weather.
from
(2)(读后续写之情感描写)家是世界上最温暖的地方，在那里我们可以躲避风雨。
Home is the warmest place in the world，where we can _______
_____________________.
(3)在她温暖怀抱的庇护下，小男孩停止了哭泣，渐渐入睡了。
，the little boy stopped crying and gradually fell asleep.
写作佳句
shelter
from the wind and rain
Under the shelter of her warm embrace
[教材原句P25](1)Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe，it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓展了我们对宇宙的理解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地球上的生活质量毫无帮助。
(2)While space exploration is a reality，we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe.
虽然太空探索已成现实，我们仍对宇宙的奥秘充满好奇。
5
while的用法
[结构分析] 这两句均为复合句，句中while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。
while的用法：
(1)Li Jiang recommends the traditional Chinese dress Su Hua prefers the school uniform.
(2)虽然适度的压力可能是有益的，但太大的压力会让你筋疲力尽。
，too much stress can exhaust you.
(3)(2022·全国乙，书面表达)此外，我们可以在阅读英语书籍时做笔记，这可以加强我们对单词、句子甚至段落的记忆能力。
Furthermore，we can take notes ，which can strengthen our ability of memorizing words，sentences and even paragraphs.
while
While a moderate amount of stress can be of benefit
while (we are) reading English books
[教材原句P26]For example，liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel，and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.
例如，液态氢，一种清洁的可替代能源，被广泛用作火箭燃料，而氢燃料的电动汽车很有可能在不久的将来实现批量生产，投放市场。
[结构分析]　本句为and连接的并列复合句。前一分句中that引导定语从句；后一分句中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。
6
It is likely that...
·it is likely that...表示“……是可能的”，此句型可转化为sb/sth be likely
to do...“某人/某物可能做……”。
·其他表示“……可能……”的句型：
It’s probable/possible that...
It’s possible for sb to do sth.
There is a possibility that...
Chances are that...
(1)If you can find suitable learning methods，your learning efficiency is likely (improve).
(2)Tom有可能会在这所学校里作为一名志愿者当助教。
① for the school as a teaching assistant.
②____________________________________________________________
__________________________ for the school as a teaching assistant.
③ for the school as a teaching assistant.
to be improved
Tom is likely to work as a volunteer
It is likely/probable/possible/There is a possibility/Chances are that Tom will work as a volunteer
It is possible for Tom to work as a volunteer
返 回
基础达标检测
1.It has been that the kit will cost 10,000 yuan.
2.Can you tell me the (由来) of this famous tale at the present time
3.The quicker it vibrates，the greater the (频率) of sound it produces.
4.It is plain to see that the project has demanded large of time and effort.
5.The first thing he did was to find (躲避处) from the freezing wind and snow.
6.There were so many customers that these shop couldn’t attend to them all.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
calculated
origin
frequency
investment
shelter
assistants
1.She debated with herself (一会儿)，and then picked up the phone.
2.They would always (来帮助我) whenever I need a helping hand.
3.Four years of university study and life ____________________________
(为……打下基础) future business.
4.We read a lot of children’s books and drew pictures, but it was _______ _____(显而易见的) he was bored.
5.It (没意义) to buy the cheapest computer just to save a few dollars.
Ⅱ.短语填空
for a while
come to my assistance
has laid the foundation for
plain to
see
doesn’t make sense/makes no sense
When Neil Armstrong first 1. (land) on the Moon in 1969，many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system.However，the reality is that space exploration is 2. (extreme) difficult and dangerous，can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money.Why do we continue to explore space，then
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
landed
extremely
It is in our nature 3. (explore).From the very early days of human life on the Earth，our curiosity about the unknown has kept us 4._____________(adventure) into new places.The results of these space investigations have made major contributions 5. an understanding of the origin，evolution，and likely future of the universe.6. is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.As we learn more about the universe，we may one day answer the question 7. there is life on other planets.With technologies first researched and 8. (develop) for space exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.
to explore
adventuring
to
It
whether
developed
Although space exploration demands huge investment，the space industry can actually bring great 9. (economy) value.Moreover，the amazing work these people do can provide education and 10.___________(inspire) for the next generation.
返 回
economic
inspiration
作业4
1.The motive the huge investment was not known to us.
2.The question of what we know and do not know (constant) bothers me.
3.The thunderstorms came so suddenly that people had to find a place to take shelter the rain.
4. In view of the solid evidence，in the end，this house was returned to its (origin) owner.
5.The crew of the ShenzhouⅫ spacecraft is comprised three astronauts—Nie Haisheng，Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
for
constantly
from
original
of
1.尽管有些人反对太空探索，而我认为它对我们有很大好处。(while)
，I think it is of great benefit to us.
2.事实上，太空探索很可能会拓展我们对宇宙未来的理解。(it is likely that...)
Actually，_____________________________________________________
_________________ the future of the universe.
Ⅱ.主题微写作
While some people are against space exploration
it is likely that space exploration will expand our understanding of
3.随着年龄的增长，我逐渐理解了太空探索的意义。(make sense of)
As I grow older，_______________________________________________
____________.
4.观看过宇航员在月球上行走后，我渴望成为一名天文学家。(desire)
After watching astronauts walk on the Moon，______________________
____________.
5.在我看来，努力学习和阅读较多的天文学书籍可以帮助我实现我的梦想。(assist)
In my view，studying hard and reading more books about astronomy ______________________________.
I gradually make sense of the meaning of space
exploration
I desire to be an
astronomer
can assist me to realize my dream
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
A
Releasing tiny metal rods(金属棒) into Mars’ atmosphere could warm the planet enough to melt water and support microbial life.Scientists at the University of Chicago aim to find a way to make Mars suitable for humans to live.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家提出通过将微小的金属棒释放到火星大气中提升火星温度，使火星适合人类居住。解释了这种金属棒的工作原理以及人们对此的看法。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
So it is crucial to raise its surface temperature.Some people have suggested putting mirrors above Mars’ surface or pumping methane(甲烷) into its atmosphere，but these ideas are difficult to apply because the raw materials required would need to be sent from Earth.
Now，Edwin Kite and his colleagues have found relatively small dust clouds made from iron or aluminium(铝) rods taken from rocks on Mars could warm the planet in a period of a few months or over a decade，depending on how quickly the particles are released.These metal rods could be carried by wind from the surface to Mars’ upper atmosphere，where they would then remain for around a decade，trapping heat from below and allowing more sunlight through.
Kite and his team modeled how the rods responded to light and then fed this information into climate simulations(模拟)，which showed that the increase in temperature and pressure would be enough for parts of Mars to sustain liquid water and potentially oxygen-producing bacteria.They also found that this warming would only need the rods to be released at a rate equal to that of water flowing through about 30 garden taps，amounting to a total of 700,000 cubic metres of metal per year to achieve the required warming，or around 1 percent of Earth’s metal production.
“According to our plan，we found a surprisingly small amount of engineered dust would be required，much less than the amount of engineered greenhouse gases required if you wanted the same amount of warming，” says Kite.“But it would still be challenging to dig large holes in the ground to collect iron or aluminium from Mars.”
“One uncertainty in the simulations is how the tiny rods might interact with water in Mars’ atmosphere.Water can form a group with the dust and fall back to the surface as rain，reducing the warming，” says Manoj Joshi at the University of East Anglia，UK.
1.What do the scientists at the University of Chicago try to do
A.To make Mars habitable.
B.To change Mars’ landscape.
C.To send raw materials to Mars.
D.To find microbial life on Mars.
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists at the University of Chicago aim to find a way to make Mars suitable for humans to live.”可知，芝加哥大学的科学家们试图使火星适宜居住。故选A。
解析
√
2.What can the metal rods do
A.Help clean Mars’ atmosphere.
B.Better expose Mars’ surface to the sun.
C.Collect particles from Mars’ rocks.
D.Keep Mars’ upper atmosphere cold.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These metal rods could be carried by wind from the surface to Mars’ upper atmosphere，where they would then remain for around a decade，trapping heat from below and allowing more sunlight through.”可知，金属棒能更好地把火星表面暴露在太阳下。故选B。
解析
√
3.What is the difficulty of the plan according to Kite
A.Sustaining liquid water on Mars’ surface.
B.Mining for needed metal materials on Mars.
C.Producing a large amount of water on Mars.
D.Releasing engineered greenhouse gases into Mars’ atmosphere.
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But it would still be challenging to dig large holes in the ground to collect iron or aluminium from Mars.”可知，根据凯特的说法，这个计划的难度是在火星上开采所需的金属材料。故选B。
解析
√
4.What is Manoj Joshi’s attitude towards the plan
A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.
C.Serious. D.Unclear.
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“One uncertainty in the simulations is how the tiny rods might interact with water in Mars’ atmosphere.Water can form a group with the dust and fall back to the surface as rain，reducing the warming”可知，Manoj Joshi对这个计划的态度是怀疑的。故选B。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
How you fold a paper airplane can determine how fast or how far it goes.A lot of people arrive at the best designs through trial and error，and perhaps a little bit of luck.But this question is no child’s play for the researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员认为纸飞机的飞行行为非常值得研究，因此开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，以此收集各种数据来改进设计。
“Seemingly a simple toy，the paper airplane actually shows complex aerodynamic(空气动力学的) behaviors which are most often ignored，” the researchers said.“When the paper airplane is launched，there are complex physical interactions between the paper structure and the surrounding air，leading to a particular flight behavior.”
To examine the relationship between a folding pattern and the flight，they developed a robotic system that can make various paper planes and then test，analyze，and model their flight behaviors.In this experiment，the robot made and launched over 500 paper airplanes with 50 different designs.Then it collected data on how far each design flew and the characteristics of that flight.
The researchers sorted different shapes roughly into three types of “behavioral groups”.
The first type follows a nosedive(俯冲) path，which means a short flight distance before landing on the ground.The second type does a glide(滑行)，falling at a consistent and relatively controlled rate，and covers a longer distance than the nosedive.The third type is a recovery glide，falling steadily before leveling off and staying at a certain height above the ground.
“With the high precision and automation① of the robotic system，large-scale② experiments can be performed to improve design，” the researchers noted.“The robot designer can deepen our understanding and exploration of design problems，and could otherwise be challenging to observe any behavior.”
This insight can also apply to the changeable flight paths of small flying vehicles.“These models can be used to improve a real-world robotic③ design to identify wing shapes that fly a given distance，” the researchers said.
5.What can be inferred from the researchers’ words in paragraph 2
A.It is difficult to design a perfect paper airplane.
B.There is more to explore about paper airplanes.
C.The paper airplane is a popular toy for children.
D.It is likely to control paper airplanes’ behaviors.
推理判断题。根据第二段中研究人员所说的话“Seemingly a simple toy，the paper airplane actually shows complex aerodynamic(空气动力学的) behaviors which are most often ignored”可知，纸飞机实际上涉及复杂的物理学，但却经常被忽略。由此推知，关于纸飞机还有很多值得探索的地方。故选B项。
解析
√
6.What can the robotic system do
A.Promote paper airplanes to fly much farther.
B.Leave paper airplanes high above the ground.
C.Change paper airplanes’ flight characteristics.
D.Create paper airplanes with different designs.
细节理解题。根据第三段中“To examine the relationship between a folding pattern and the flight，they developed a robotic system that can make various paper planes and then test，analyze，and model their flight behaviors.”可知，机器人系统可以制作不同设计的纸飞机。故选D项。
解析
√
7.What did the researchers expect to do through the experiment
A.Enhance the design of airplanes.
B.Prove the precision of airplanes.
C.Predict the development of airplanes.
D.Increase the automation of airplanes.
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“With the high precision and automation of the robotic system，large-scale experiments can be performed to improve design”并结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员期待通过实验来改进飞机的设计。故选A项。
解析
√
8.What is the main idea of the text
A.Researchers test their innovative ideas on paper airplanes.
B.Researchers design a real-world robot with paper airplanes.
C.Researchers can design various wing shapes for paper airplanes.
D.Researchers create a robot to learn more about paper airplanes’ flight.
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了研究人员开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，借此研究纸飞机的飞行。故选D项。
解析
√
①automation n. _______
②large-scale adj. ___________________
③robotic adj. _________
语境猜词
自动化
大规模的；大范围的
机器人的
How you fold a paper airplane can determine how fast or how far it goes.
分析：此句为 。how引导 从句，在从句中作 ；how fast和how far引导 从句，在从句中作 。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
句式分析
复合句
主语
方式状语
宾语
状语
你折叠纸飞机的方式能够决定它飞行的速度或距离。
When Linda Newbery was eight，she knew she wanted to become a writer.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作家琳达·纽伯瑞的职业经历，介绍了她的作品反映的主题以及她的写作风格。
Ⅳ.完形填空
“I wrote a lot—usually in secret 1 people told me at school that writing wasn’t a proper job，” she recalls.“I was motivated by the books I 2 ，like a simplified version of Black Beauty which I could almost recite.”
1.A.until B.before C.because D.though
2.A.read B.wrote C.published D.illustrated
√
√
1.until直到；before在……之前；because因为；though尽管。根据句意可知，别人说写作不是一份好工作与她秘密地写作之间为因果关系。故选C项。
2.read读；write写；publish出版；illustrate加插图于。根据下文“like a simplified version of Black Beauty which I could almost recite”可知，作者的动力来源于读过的书籍。故选A项。
解析
This sets the tone for Linda’s lifelong theme of animal 3 ，which is central to her work.For instance，her recent book Cruelty Free，published in 2021，explores how our daily choices 4 animals and the environment.
3.A.diversity B.intelligence C.welfare D.behavior
4.A.reflect B.affect C.benefit D.interest
√
√
3.diversity多样性；intelligence智力；welfare福利；behavior行为。根据最后一段中的“As a long-time passionate advocate for animal welfare”可知，她一生的主题是动物福利。故选C项。
4.reflect反射；affect影响；benefit使受益；interest使感兴趣。根据上文“our daily choices”以及下文“animals and the environment”并结合常识可知，人类的活动影响了动物和环境。故选B项。
解析
“I once aimed to be a poet，” says Linda，admitting her 5 attempts were less than impressive.“It’s strange that although I write my prose(散文) 6 on the computer，I still prefer using traditional pen and paper for poetry.”
5.A.frequent B.ultimate C.recent D.early
6.A.directly B.briefly C.urgently D.wildly
√
√
5.frequent频繁的；ultimate最终的；recent最近的；early早期的。根据上文“I once aimed to be a poet”可知，这是早期的尝试。故选D项。
6.directly直接地；briefly简短地；urgently紧急地；wildly失控地。根据上文的“although”和下文“I still prefer using traditional pen and paper for poetry”可知，她直接在电脑上写散文，但写诗时更喜欢用传统纸笔。故选A项。
解析
Originating from Essex，Linda attended grammar school before earning an English degree and 7 settling as a secondary school teacher in Oxfordshire.Her first novel Run with the Hare，released in 1988 without the aid of an agent，was 8 by her experiences teaching and running writing workshops for 9 .
7.A.accidentally B.eventually C.immediately D.gradually
8.A.shaped B.inspired C.guided D.improved
9.A.agents B.poets C.writers D.students
√
√
√
7.accidentally偶然地；eventually最终；immediately立即；gradually逐渐地。根据下文“settling as a secondary school teacher in Oxfordshire”可知，她最终在牛津郡定居下来，成为一名中学教师。故选B项。
8.shape形成；inspire赋予灵感；guide指导；improve提高。根据下文“her experiences teaching and running writing workshops”可推知，本书的灵感来自她教学和举办写作讲习班的经历。故选B项。
9.agent代理人；poet诗人；writer作家；student学生。根据上文“teaching and running writing workshops”可知，琳达服务的对象是学生。故选D项。
解析
Despite facing numerous industry 10 ，including takeovers(收购) and lost publications，Linda remains positive， 11 for a consistent writing practice to maintain creative drive even while dealing with other tasks.
10.A.trends B.opportunities C.challenges D.innovations
11.A.advocating B.begging C.answering D.waiting
√
√
10.trend趋势；opportunity机会；challenge挑战；innovation创新。根据下文“including takeovers(收购) and lost publications”可知，这些是她曾面对的挑战。故选C项。
11.advocate主张；beg祈求；answer回答；wait等待。根据上文“Linda remains positive”以及下文“maintain creative drive”可知，琳达主张坚持写作实践。故选A项。
解析
Linda 12 her writing style to suit each story’s needs，always considering readers’ perspective.As a long-time passionate advocate for animal welfare，she uses social media to 13 animal protection.
12.A.keeps B.tailors
C.mirrors D.simplifies
13.A.hold back B.slow down
C.defend against D.campaign for
√
√
12.keep保持；tailor按需定制；mirror反射；simplify简化。根据下文“always considering readers’ perspective”可知，她根据每个故事的需要调整自己的写作风格。故选B项。
13.hold back阻止；slow down使减速；defend against防范；campaign for开展支持(某人或某事的)运动。根据“passionate advocate for animal welfare”可知，她利用社交媒体支持动物保护运动。故选D项。
解析
Alongside fellow authors，she runs Reviews by Writers，a website discussing literature and industry topics， 14 Linda’s adaptable storytelling approach and her devotion to 15 readers.
14.A.showing B.determining
C.imagining D.expecting
15.A.worrying about B.turning to
C.connecting with D.depending on
√
√
14.show展示；determine决定；imagine想象；expect期望。根据上文“a website discussing literature and industry topics”可知，该网站应是展示了琳达善于变通的讲故事方式。故选A项。
15.worry about担忧；turn to求助；connect with与……联系；depend on依靠。根据上文“always considering readers’ perspective”可知，她致力于与读者建立联系。故选C项。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 5　Extended reading
Task1: Fast reading for the structure and the main idea of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the structure of the text by filling in the blanks.
Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us the reasons for exploring space.
Task2: Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Why is Neil Armstrong’s first landing on the Moon mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To lead to the topic of the passage.
B．To show the difficulties in space exploration.
C．To show the fast development of science and technology.
D．To inform readers of some facts about space exploration.
答案　A
2．What can we infer from Stephen Hawking’s words in paragraph 2
A．To travel beyond space is puzzling humans.
B．Humans have been tired of space exploration.
C．Watching the stars is a free activity for humans.
D．Keeping curious is fundamental in space exploration.
答案　D
3．What does the word “address” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Ask. B．Deal with.
C．Write letters to. D．Give a speech.
答案　B
4．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of space exploration
A．Favourable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
答案　A
Task3: Translate the following phrases into English.
1．登上月球land on the Moon
2．太阳系solar system
3．花了一大笔钱cost a huge amount of money
4．拓宽我们对……的理解expand our understanding of...
5．提高我们的生活质量enhance the quality of our life
6．我们对未知的好奇心 our curiosity about the unknown
7．渴望做某事long to do sth
8．希望/渴望做某事desire to do sth
9．弄清楚；明白make sense of sth
10．着迷于……be fascinated by...
11．对宇宙的奥秘保持好奇remain curious about the mysteries of the universe
12．激励某人做某事motivate sb to do sth
13．对……做出重大贡献make major contributions to...
14．解决根本问题address fundamental questions
15．应用于； 施加于be applied to sth
16．建立；装配set up
17．高频率的地震a high frequency of earthquakes
18．为了in order to
19．一种清洁的可替代能源a clean alternative energy source
20．科学技术进步scientific and technological advances
21．对……强烈的动机a strong motive for
22．带来巨大的经济价值bring great economic value
23．据计算It has been calculated that...
24．提供某物给某人provide sth for sb
25．得到媒体的广泛报道receive widespread media coverage
26．到目前为止by far
27．塑造某人的生活shape one’s life
28．某人对……的渴望one’s thirst for
29．取得进展make advances
Task4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．That we are fascinated by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world，such as that of Chang’e.(P25，Para.2)
[结构分析] 本句为复合句。句中That引导主语从句。
[汉语翻译] 天空令我们心驰神往，这一点从世界各地的古老传说里都能明显看出来，例如嫦娥的传说。
2．With each space mission comes greater insight，thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.(P25，Para.2)
[结构分析] 本句为介词短语位于句首的完全倒装句，motivating us...为现在分词短语作结果状语。
[汉语翻译] 每次太空任务的进行，随之而来的是更深刻的理解，激励着我们沿着同一条冒险之路继续前行。
3．As we learn more about the universe，we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets.(P26，Para.3)
[结构分析] 本句为复合句。As引导时间状语从句；whether引导同位语从句。
[汉语翻译] 随着我们对宇宙的了解日益加深，或许有一天我们可以回答其他行星上有无生命这个问题。
4．With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.(P26，Para.4)
[结构分析] 本句为简单句。facing mankind 为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰problems；making our lives safer and easier作结果状语。
[汉语翻译] 依靠为太空探索首次研发的技术，我们可以解决人类面临的一些重大问题，让我们的生活变得更加安全和舒适。
comprise vt.包括，包含；组成，构成
[教材原句P21]Run by the China National Space Administration，China’s space agency，it comprises three stages: orbiting，landing and returning.
由中国的航天机构——中国国家航天局管理，它包括三个阶段：沿轨道运行、着陆和返回。
be comprised of包括，包含；由……组成/构成
consist of＝be composed of＝be made up of包含……；由……组成/构成
(1)Oxygen is the second largest component of the atmosphere，comprising(comprise) 20.8% by volume.
[写作佳句]
(2)生活中不仅有阳光而且也有艰难的时光。面对困难时，我们应该勇敢。
Life consists of/is comprised of/is composed of/is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times.We should be brave when faced with difficulties.
make sense of 理解；弄懂
[教材原句P25]Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist.
努力去理解你所看到的，并思考是什么让宇宙存在。
make no sense没道理；没意义
make sense讲得通；有意义
in a sense从某种意义上来说
in no sense决不；绝非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)
common sense常识
There is no sense in (doing) sth. (做)某事是没道理的。
[写作佳句]
(1)你千万不要灰心；继续努力，你迟早会成功的。
In no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
(2)从某种意义上来说，最打动我的是他为我流利的英语口语奠定了基础。
In a sense，what touched me most was that he laid the foundation for my fluent spoken English.
(3)了解文化背景可以让你更容易理解一门新语言中的习语。
Learning about cultural background makes it easier for you to make sense of idioms in a new language.
assistant n．助理；助教；售货员 adj.助理的，副的 (assist v．帮助；协助；援助 assistance n．援助，帮助；辅助设备)
[教材原句P26]There are many support staff on the ground，such as engineers，mechanics and research assistants.现场有许多地面辅助人员，如工程师、机械师和研究助理。
[外研版]Thanks to AI，I’ve got my own supersmart personal assistant built into my phone.
多亏了人工智能，我才可以在手机中内置个人超级智能私人助手。
·assist sb with sth/in doing sth/to do sth 帮助某人(做)某事
·with the assistance of在……的帮助下
come/go to one’s assistance来/去帮助某人
(1) In view of his disability，his parents often come to his assistance(assist)．They often assist him to deliver(deliver) goods to customers.With the assistance of his parents，his online business goes well.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之感谢信)我想衷心地感谢你帮助我学习英语。没有你的帮助，我就不可能取得那么大的进步。
I’d like to sincerely appreciate your assisting me with my English learning/to learn English/in learning English.Without your assistance，I couldn’t have made such great progress.
shelter n．居所，住处；庇护 vt.保护，掩蔽 vi.躲避
[教材原句P27]We should find permanent shelter that offers long-term protection from radiation.
我们应该找到提供长期的辐射防护的永久的庇护所。
·under the shelter of...在……的庇护下
take shelter from...躲避……
·shelter...from...保护……免遭……
shelter from躲避(风雨或危险)(1)I was wrapped heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.
[写作佳句]
(2) (读后续写之情感描写)家是世界上最温暖的地方，在那里我们可以躲避风雨。
Home is the warmest place in the world，where we can shelter from the wind and rain.
(3)在她温暖怀抱的庇护下，小男孩停止了哭泣，渐渐入睡了。
Under the shelter of her warm embrace，the little boy stopped crying and gradually fell asleep.
while的用法
[教材原句 P25](1)Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe，it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓展了我们对宇宙的理解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地球上的生活质量毫无帮助。
(2)While space exploration is a reality，we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe.
虽然太空探索已成现实，我们仍对宇宙的奥秘充满好奇。
[结构分析] 这两句均为复合句，句中while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。
while的用法：
(1)Li Jiang recommends the traditional Chinese dress while Su Hua prefers the school uniform.
(2)虽然适度的压力可能是有益的，但太大的压力会让你筋疲力尽。
While a moderate amount of stress can be of benefit，too much stress can exhaust you.
(3)(2022·全国乙，书面表达)此外，我们可以在阅读英语书籍时做笔记，这可以加强我们对单词、句子甚至段落的记忆能力。
Furthermore，we can take notes while (we are) reading English books，which can strengthen our ability of memorizing words，sentences and even paragraphs.
It is likely that...
[教材原句 P26]For example，liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel，and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.例如，液态氢，一种清洁的可替代能源，被广泛用作火箭燃料，而氢燃料的电动汽车很有可能在不久的将来实现批量生产，投放市场。
[结构分析] 本句为and连接的并列复合句。前一分句中that引导定语从句；后一分句中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。
·it is likely that...表示“……是可能的”，
此句型可转化为sb/sth be likely to do...“某人/某物可能做……”。
·其他表示“……可能……”的句型：
It’s probable/possible that...
It’s possible for sb to do sth.
There is a possibility that...
Chances are that...
(1)If you can find suitable learning methods，your learning efficiency is likely to be improved(improve)．
(2)Tom有可能会在这所学校里作为一名志愿者当助教。
①Tom is likely to work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant.
②It is likely/probable/possible/There is a possibility/Chances are that Tom will work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant.
③It is possible for Tom to work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It has been calculated that the kit will cost 10,000 yuan.
2．Can you tell me the origin(由来) of this famous tale at the present time
3．The quicker it vibrates，the greater the frequency(频率) of sound it produces.
4．It is plain to see that the project has demanded large investment of time and effort.
5．The first thing he did was to find shelter(躲避处) from the freezing wind and snow.
6．There were so many customers that these shop assistants couldn’t attend to them all.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．She debated with herself for a while(一会儿)，and then picked up the phone.
2．They would always come to my assistance(来帮助我) whenever I need a helping hand.
3．Four years of university study and life has laid the foundation for(为……打下基础) future business.
4．We read a lot of children’s books and drew pictures, but it was plain to see(显而易见的) he was bored.
5．It doesn’t make sense/makes no sense(没意义) to buy the cheapest computer just to save a few dollars.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
When Neil Armstrong first 1.landed(land) on the Moon in 1969，many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system.However，the reality is that space exploration is 2.extremely(extreme) difficult and dangerous，can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money.Why do we continue to explore space，then
It is in our nature 3.to explore(explore)．From the very early days of human life on the Earth，our curiosity about the unknown has kept us 4.adventuring(adventure) into new places.The results of these space investigations have made major contributions 5.to an understanding of the origin，evolution，and likely future of the universe.6.It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.As we learn more about the universe，we may one day answer the question 7.whether there is life on other planets.With technologies first researched and 8.developed(develop) for space exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.
Although space exploration demands huge investment，the space industry can actually bring great 9.economic(economy) value.Moreover，the amazing work these people do can provide education and 10.inspiration(inspire) for the next generation.
作业4　Extended reading
[分值：57.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The motive for the huge investment was not known to us.
2．The question of what we know and do not know constantly(constant) bothers me.
3．The thunderstorms came so suddenly that people had to find a place to take shelter from the rain.
4. In view of the solid evidence，in the end，this house was returned to its original(origin) owner.
5．The crew of the ShenzhouⅫ spacecraft is comprised of three astronauts—Nie Haisheng，Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo.
Ⅱ.主题微写作(满分15分)
1．尽管有些人反对太空探索，而我认为它对我们有很大好处。(while)
While some people are against space exploration，I think it is of great benefit to us.
2．事实上，太空探索很可能会拓展我们对宇宙未来的理解。(it is likely that...)
Actually，it is likely that space exploration will expand our understanding of the future of the universe.
3．随着年龄的增长，我逐渐理解了太空探索的意义。(make sense of)
As I grow older，I gradually make sense of the meaning of space exploration.
4．观看过宇航员在月球上行走后，我渴望成为一名天文学家。(desire)
After watching astronauts walk on the Moon，I desire to be an astronomer.
5．在我看来，努力学习和阅读较多的天文学书籍可以帮助我实现我的梦想。(assist)
In my view，studying hard and reading more books about astronomy can assist me to realize my dream.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Releasing tiny metal rods(金属棒) into Mars’ atmosphere could warm the planet enough to melt water and support microbial life.Scientists at the University of Chicago aim to find a way to make Mars suitable for humans to live.So it is crucial to raise its surface temperature.Some people have suggested putting mirrors above Mars’ surface or pumping methane(甲烷) into its atmosphere，but these ideas are difficult to apply because the raw materials required would need to be sent from Earth.
Now，Edwin Kite and his colleagues have found relatively small dust clouds made from iron or aluminium(铝) rods taken from rocks on Mars could warm the planet in a period of a few months or over a decade，depending on how quickly the particles are released.These metal rods could be carried by wind from the surface to Mars’ upper atmosphere，where they would then remain for around a decade，trapping heat from below and allowing more sunlight through.
Kite and his team modeled how the rods responded to light and then fed this information into climate simulations(模拟)，which showed that the increase in temperature and pressure would be enough for parts of Mars to sustain liquid water and potentially oxygen-producing bacteria.They also found that this warming would only need the rods to be released at a rate equal to that of water flowing through about 30 garden taps，amounting to a total of 700,000 cubic metres of metal per year to achieve the required warming，or around 1 percent of Earth’s metal production.
“According to our plan，we found a surprisingly small amount of engineered dust would be required，much less than the amount of engineered greenhouse gases required if you wanted the same amount of warming，” says Kite.“But it would still be challenging to dig large holes in the ground to collect iron or aluminium from Mars.”
“One uncertainty in the simulations is how the tiny rods might interact with water in Mars’ atmosphere.Water can form a group with the dust and fall back to the surface as rain，reducing the warming，” says Manoj Joshi at the University of East Anglia，UK.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家提出通过将微小的金属棒释放到火星大气中提升火星温度，使火星适合人类居住。解释了这种金属棒的工作原理以及人们对此的看法。
1．What do the scientists at the University of Chicago try to do
A．To make Mars habitable.
B．To change Mars’ landscape.
C．To send raw materials to Mars.
D．To find microbial life on Mars.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists at the University of Chicago aim to find a way to make Mars suitable for humans to live.”可知，芝加哥大学的科学家们试图使火星适宜居住。故选A。
2．What can the metal rods do
A．Help clean Mars’ atmosphere.
B．Better expose Mars’ surface to the sun.
C．Collect particles from Mars’ rocks.
D．Keep Mars’ upper atmosphere cold.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These metal rods could be carried by wind from the surface to Mars’ upper atmosphere，where they would then remain for around a decade，trapping heat from below and allowing more sunlight through.”可知，金属棒能更好地把火星表面暴露在太阳下。故选B。
3．What is the difficulty of the plan according to Kite
A．Sustaining liquid water on Mars’ surface.
B．Mining for needed metal materials on Mars.
C．Producing a large amount of water on Mars.
D．Releasing engineered greenhouse gases into Mars’ atmosphere.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But it would still be challenging to dig large holes in the ground to collect iron or aluminium from Mars.”可知，根据凯特的说法，这个计划的难度是在火星上开采所需的金属材料。故选B。
4．What is Manoj Joshi’s attitude towards the plan
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Serious. D．Unclear.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“One uncertainty in the simulations is how the tiny rods might interact with water in Mars’ atmosphere.Water can form a group with the dust and fall back to the surface as rain，reducing the warming”可知，Manoj Joshi对这个计划的态度是怀疑的。故选B。
B(此篇精读)
How you fold a paper airplane can determine how fast or how far it goes.A lot of people arrive at the best designs through trial and error，and perhaps a little bit of luck.But this question is no child’s play for the researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne.
“Seemingly a simple toy，the paper airplane actually shows complex aerodynamic(空气动力学的) behaviors which are most often ignored，” the researchers said.“When the paper airplane is launched，there are complex physical interactions between the paper structure and the surrounding air，leading to a particular flight behavior.”
To examine the relationship between a folding pattern and the flight，they developed a robotic system that can make various paper planes and then test，analyze，and model their flight behaviors.In this experiment，the robot made and launched over 500 paper airplanes with 50 different designs.Then it collected data on how far each design flew and the characteristics of that flight.
The researchers sorted different shapes roughly into three types of “behavioral groups”．
The first type follows a nosedive(俯冲) path，which means a short flight distance before landing on the ground.The second type does a glide(滑行)，falling at a consistent and relatively controlled rate，and covers a longer distance than the nosedive.The third type is a recovery glide，falling steadily before leveling off and staying at a certain height above the ground.
“With the high precision and automation① of the robotic system，large-scale② experiments can be performed to improve design，” the researchers noted.“The robot designer can deepen our understanding and exploration of design problems，and could otherwise be challenging to observe any behavior.”
This insight can also apply to the changeable flight paths of small flying vehicles.“These models can be used to improve a real-world robotic③ design to identify wing shapes that fly a given distance，” the researchers said.
语篇解读 　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员认为纸飞机的飞行行为非常值得研究，因此开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，以此收集各种数据来改进设计。
5．What can be inferred from the researchers’ words in paragraph 2
A．It is difficult to design a perfect paper airplane.
B．There is more to explore about paper airplanes.
C．The paper airplane is a popular toy for children.
D．It is likely to control paper airplanes’ behaviors.
答案　B
解析 　推理判断题。根据第二段中研究人员所说的话“Seemingly a simple toy，the paper airplane actually shows complex aerodynamic(空气动力学的) behaviors which are most often ignored”可知，纸飞机实际上涉及复杂的物理学，但却经常被忽略。由此推知，关于纸飞机还有很多值得探索的地方。故选B项。
6．What can the robotic system do
A．Promote paper airplanes to fly much farther.
B．Leave paper airplanes high above the ground.
C．Change paper airplanes’ flight characteristics.
D．Create paper airplanes with different designs.
答案　D
解析 　细节理解题。根据第三段中“To examine the relationship between a folding pattern and the flight，they developed a robotic system that can make various paper planes and then test，analyze，and model their flight behaviors.”可知，机器人系统可以制作不同设计的纸飞机。故选D项。
7．What did the researchers expect to do through the experiment
A．Enhance the design of airplanes.
B．Prove the precision of airplanes.
C．Predict the development of airplanes.
D．Increase the automation of airplanes.
答案　A
解析 　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“With the high precision and automation of the robotic system，large-scale experiments can be performed to improve design”并结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员期待通过实验来改进飞机的设计。故选A项。
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．Researchers test their innovative ideas on paper airplanes.
B．Researchers design a real-world robot with paper airplanes.
C．Researchers can design various wing shapes for paper airplanes.
D．Researchers create a robot to learn more about paper airplanes’ flight.
答案　D
解析 　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了研究人员开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，借此研究纸飞机的飞行。故选D项。
[语境猜词]
①automation n．自动化
②large-scale adj.大规模的；大范围的
③robotic adj.机器人的
[句式分析]
How you fold a paper airplane can determine how fast or how far it goes.
分析：此句为复合句。how引导主语从句，在从句中作方式状语；how fast和how far引导宾语从句，在从句中作状语。
翻译：你折叠纸飞机的方式能够决定它飞行的速度或距离。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
When Linda Newbery was eight，she knew she wanted to become a writer.“I wrote a lot—usually in secret 1 people told me at school that writing wasn’t a proper job，” she recalls.“I was motivated by the books I 2 ，like a simplified version of Black Beauty which I could almost recite.”
This sets the tone for Linda’s lifelong theme of animal 3 ，which is central to her work.For instance，her recent book Cruelty Free，published in 2021，explores how our daily choices 4 animals and the environment.
“I once aimed to be a poet，” says Linda，admitting her 5 attempts were less than impressive.“It’s strange that although I write my prose(散文) 6 on the computer，I still prefer using traditional pen and paper for poetry.”
Originating from Essex，Linda attended grammar school before earning an English degree and 7 settling as a secondary school teacher in Oxfordshire.Her first novel Run with the Hare，released in 1988 without the aid of an agent，was 8 by her experiences teaching and running writing workshops for 9 .Despite facing numerous industry 10 ，including takeovers(收购) and lost publications，Linda remains positive， 11 for a consistent writing practice to maintain creative drive even while dealing with other tasks.
Linda 12 her writing style to suit each story’s needs，always considering readers’ perspective.As a long-time passionate advocate for animal welfare，she uses social media to 13 animal protection.Alongside fellow authors，she runs Reviews by Writers，a website discussing literature and industry topics， 14 Linda’s adaptable storytelling approach and her devotion to 15 readers.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作家琳达·纽伯瑞的职业经历，介绍了她的作品反映的主题以及她的写作风格。
1．A.until B．before
C．because D．though
答案　C
解析　until直到；before在……之前；because因为；though尽管。根据句意可知，别人说写作不是一份好工作与她秘密地写作之间为因果关系。故选C项。
2．A.read B．wrote
C．published D．illustrated
答案　A
解析　read读；write写；publish出版；illustrate加插图于。根据下文“like a simplified version of Black Beauty which I could almost recite”可知，作者的动力来源于读过的书籍。故选A项。
3．A.diversity B．intelligence
C．welfare D．behavior
答案　C
解析　diversity多样性；intelligence智力；welfare福利；behavior行为。根据最后一段中的“As a long-time passionate advocate for animal welfare”可知，她一生的主题是动物福利。故选C项。
4．A.reflect B．affect
C．benefit D．interest
答案　B
解析　reflect反射；affect影响；benefit使受益；interest使感兴趣。根据上文“our daily choices”以及下文“animals and the environment”并结合常识可知，人类的活动影响了动物和环境。故选B项。
5．A.frequent B．ultimate
C．recent D．early
答案　D
解析　frequent频繁的；ultimate最终的；recent最近的；early早期的。根据上文“I once aimed to be a poet”可知，这是早期的尝试。故选D项。
6．A.directly B．briefly
C．urgently D．wildly
答案　A
解析　directly直接地；briefly简短地；urgently紧急地；wildly失控地。根据上文的“although”和下文“I still prefer using traditional pen and paper for poetry”可知，她直接在电脑上写散文，但写诗时更喜欢用传统纸笔。故选A项。
7．A.accidentally B．eventually
C．immediately D．gradually
答案　B
解析　accidentally偶然地；eventually最终；immediately立即；gradually逐渐地。根据下文“settling as a secondary school teacher in Oxfordshire”可知，她最终在牛津郡定居下来，成为一名中学教师。故选B项。
8．A.shaped B．inspired
C．guided D．improved
答案　B
解析　shape形成；inspire赋予灵感；guide指导；improve提高。根据下文“her experiences teaching and running writing workshops”可推知，本书的灵感来自她教学和举办写作讲习班的经历。故选B项。
9．A.agents B．poets
C．writers D．students
答案　D
解析　agent代理人；poet诗人；writer作家；student学生。根据上文“teaching and running writing workshops”可知，琳达服务的对象是学生。故选D项。
10．A.trends B．opportunities
C．challenges D．innovations
答案　C
解析　trend趋势；opportunity机会；challenge挑战；innovation创新。根据下文“including takeovers(收购) and lost publications”可知，这些是她曾面对的挑战。故选C项。
11．A.advocating B．begging
C．answering D．waiting
答案　A
解析　advocate主张；beg祈求；answer回答；wait等待。根据上文“Linda remains positive”以及下文“maintain creative drive”可知，琳达主张坚持写作实践。故选A项。
12．A.keeps B．tailors
C．mirrors D．simplifies
答案　B
解析　keep保持；tailor按需定制；mirror反射；simplify简化。根据下文“always considering readers’ perspective”可知，她根据每个故事的需要调整自己的写作风格。故选B项。
13．A.hold back B．slow down
C．defend against D．campaign for
答案　D
解析　hold back阻止；slow down使减速；defend against防范；campaign for开展支持(某人或某事的)运动。根据“passionate advocate for animal welfare”可知，她利用社交媒体支持动物保护运动。故选D项。
14．A.showing B．determining
C．imagining D．expecting
答案　A
解析　show展示；determine决定；imagine想象；expect期望。根据上文“a website discussing literature and industry topics”可知，该网站应是展示了琳达善于变通的讲故事方式。故选A项。
15．A.worrying about B．turning to
C．connecting with D．depending on
答案　C
解析　worry about担忧；turn to求助；connect with与……联系；depend on依靠。根据上文“always considering readers’ perspective”可知，她致力于与读者建立联系。故选C项。

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